第一篇：研究生英語翻譯11（精選）

第十一課 人類的尊嚴和道德的身份

只有當我們承認我們的生命不是自己創造的, 也不是我們的父母，或他們的父母創造的時候，我們人類的尊嚴才得以實現。我們人類及其價值來自這樣的事實——我們生來是有尊嚴的人類。尊嚴并非源于反叛人類固有的特性。坦然來自接受我們被創造的樣式。

拒絕接受我們的身體違背大自然的有序性，而我國深遠悠久的歷史也未曾有過類似記載。我們的開國元勛，包括威廉潘，阿比蓋爾亞當斯，詹姆士麥德森等等，都持有這樣的立場 —— 我們要接受自己的命運，而且沒人可以阻礙我們實現我們的尊嚴。這個尊嚴不是自己選擇的，乃是上帝選擇的。

那些提議我們拒絕天生的尊嚴的人崩潰了我們國家的基礎。從大體上說，我們國家基于這樣的思想：自我接受，而不是自我拒絕，才能充分體現思想的百花齊放和百家爭鳴。

自由的思想直接源于接受賜于我們的東西。我們無法選擇自己的性別，貧富，和出生地。欣然承認這些事與我們的尊嚴無關，我們就獲得了自由。確實，強迫他人接受我們個人對自我的判逆就失去了自由。命運將我們投胎到一個本不屬于我們的文化之中，并非是給予了我們一根可依賴的拐杖，而是賦予我們一個內容豐富且十分有活力的機遇拼圖。這個拼圖先我們而來，同時也孕含著我們素質的根本構成單位。它是決定我們出生時狀況和現時狀況所不可或缺的。

當我寫這些話時，我天真地相信沒有美國人會覺得它們真值得嘲笑，好笑，或被指控為偏執。而這，正是我在2001年5月7日在美國大眾電臺資助的題為“性別政治”的辯論會上發表了這篇開幕詞之后所發生的事情。頗具諷刺意味的是，辯論會的舉行場地正是我們的祖先首次秘密召開第一次大陸會議并開始起草“獨立宣言”的費城卡拼特大廳。我決不相信我們的祖先會想到這個地方在日后會用來就作為大眾政策“納稅人不為變性手術付款” 是否歧視這一話題辯論。我也不會相信我們的祖先認為我們是自己性別的犧牲品和囚犯。然而，這正式我的反對方所為之爭辯的。

變性者要討論的問題完全無視常識, 人類的尊嚴和大眾政策。除了支持其他的問題以外，這個討論的問題還支持以下幾個觀點：

A． 當人們不同意自己被創造的樣式時，他們就成了犧牲品；

B． 改變自己的性別是合法的；

C． 小學生有權決定改變自己的性別；

D． 誰不喜歡自己的身體，就有必要實行醫療手術。

首先，為了證明一種權力的合法性，就必須顯示所提示的“權力”隱含在有序的自由這一概念中。還必須顯示實施這一權力與我們的悠久歷史一脈相承。實質上，必須顯示剝奪這種權力就會毀掉我們國家的基礎。變性問題還上不了法規的線。根據大量的判例法，它們最多是通過人民的立法機關最終留給個

人自己的道德問題。

第二, 那些大肆宣傳變性的人拒絕承認變性是一個選擇問題。他們爭辯道，他們生來的性別并非自己的選擇。他們宣稱他們要通過人的生存方式來反叛強加于他們的性別。這個宣稱為以下事實留下了余地—— 可以自我確認或標榜為“變性”的唯一方法是在大眾論壇中“豁出去”。從本質上看，“判逆”就是選擇。很奇怪，變性的人聲稱這個“豁出去”的過程對他們成功地在憲法之下作為一個階級很有必要。這簡直荒唐之極。

有些事情還是不說為好，而且我們也不指望大眾會接受思想領域里的每一句話。再者，法律明確規定國家有對大眾認為是可惡的舉止或行為表現進行矯正的合法權利。我們的法院也已承認政府不必解決每一個牽涉到法規的問題。換句話說，即使我們承認不能用科學來解釋變性，這并不意味著美國在對變性行為提供科學解釋前后備力量就必須放棄對它的規范。

我的反對派們還建議，美國的工作單位必須為對自己性別不滿的人反性別穿戴或其它表示提供便利。我們的雇主們有權力，也有法律責任防止工作單位成為性問題充斥的地方。如果任憑主觀意志來定位性別，就很難維持這樣的目標。

還有一點，變性者們為锎锏較硎芡缺；ず投怨テ縭擁拿植? 竭力把他們比作少數民族和婦女。事實上，變性破壞了1964年的公民權利議案的基礎。倘若我們依照美國憲法的同等保護條款承認變性人為一個被懷疑的階級，我們就只能讓多年來為在工作單位和學校爭取種族平等，男女平等的所有努力前功盡棄。現在，我的反對派們異想天開地爭辯說，一名變性男人就可以稱自己是女人，且以女人身份出現。

女人身份變的毫無意義。那些要阻止婦女在公司和其它地方晉升的人現在可以肆無忌憚地無視婦女的權力了，因為只要自己要求，任何人都可以“是”女人。

最后，我們討論了舊金山地區的最新決定 —— 為雇員決定做變性手術付款。根據一個舊金山編年史的條款，該地區只把有限的資金資助配假肢和心臟重建手術。

再者，對于有殘疾子女的工人沒有任何福利照顧。當我對反對派說兒童的需要應比選擇做變性手術更重要時，參加現場直播的觀眾都笑我。更加令人悲哀的是在將近60人參加的辯論會上，沒有一個人批評變性者所要的權力。對于這個辯論會將要轉播的那65個電臺市場，是否會是同樣的情況就不得而知了。

當有朝一日我們的孩子們說他們作為人的尊嚴和道德身份不重要時，我真不愿意說“我早就跟你說過”。那些對我們的孩子的心靈遭受變性主張，同性戀以及大肆攻擊父母權力與道德觀念的踐踏和玷污袖手旁觀的人，在道德上和在普瑞馬導那客店坐視杰瑞梅司特老梅亞強暴并殺害了無辜的車利絲依佛森沒什么兩樣。讓我們祈禱我對這事的擔憂永遠不會成為現實。

第二篇：研究生 英語翻譯

Let children learn to judge their own work.A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking.He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use.Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s.In the same way, children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught — to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle — compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes.But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone correct them.We do it all for him.We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to.Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher.Let him do it himself.Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not

If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book.Let him correct his own papers.Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer.Let’s end all this nonsense of grades, exams, marks.Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.

第三篇：研究生英語翻譯答案

1.。Scotland

As you linger on the mountain pass to admire the rugged reflection of Beinn an Lochain in the waters of Loch Restil, spare a thought for the weary sheep drovers who used to pause here for breath after the long steep climb from Loch Fyne.“Rest and Be Thankful” is the name of this spot, a title coined by the soldiers who built the first road here 250 years ago.Since then its wild beauty has thrilled generations of crofters and passing travelers.and now you.當你流連與此山口，贊賞雷斯蒂爾湖中貝爾安山嶙峋的倒影時，請想想從前那些疲憊的趕羊人吧！他們從法恩灣出發，沿陡峭山路，經長途跋涉，然后在此歇息。這個山口就叫“歇恩山口”，此名是250年前在此修長第一條道路的士兵們給起的。從那以后，這里的自然美景便令一代代農人和游客陶醉，而今又令你怦然心動。

2.。一個美麗的小四合院

胡同，是中國傳統的街區形式，四合院則是中國的傳統 民居。四合院最早在西周時期就出現了，有三千多年的歷史。北京是元，明，清，三代的都城，北京的四合院自然成為中國傳統民居的集大成者，其精美的建筑和豐富的文化內涵常常讓參觀者流連忘返。金碧輝煌的皇城故宮和青磚灰瓦的胡同四合院共同構成了北京城的獨特魅力。

Traditional Chinese neighborhood is called Hutong and traditional Chinese residence for city dwellers is known as Siheyuan--a courtyard with one-storey houses on four sides.Courtyard house came into existence as early as in the Western Zhou Dynasty dating back to over 3000 years ago.As Beijing served respectively as the capital of three dynasties, namely the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty ,needless to say, the courtyard house in Beijingrepresents the quintessence of traditional Chinese residential houses.Their exquisite architecture and rich cultural connotation are so inviting to their visitors that many of them simply cannot tear themselves away from it.The magnificent imperial city, now popularly known as the Palace Museum, together with the residential compound of grey bricks and tiles contribute to the unique attraction of the city.3...Walk It Off

When it comes to walking off those millennial excesses, a lengthy hike once a day will do you far more good than nipping down to the shops every couple of hours--even if the short walks add up to same amount of time, say exercise researchers in Britain.But walks of any length beat sitting at home with your feet up and watching television ,they stress.英國研究運動的人士說，就散步減肥而言，每天做一次長距離步行給你帶來的好處遠遠超過每隔幾小時逛一次商場-----即便短距離步行 累計的時間相同。不過，他們強調說，不過步行的距離有多少，都 比待在家里架著雙腿看電視要好的多。

4.。無題

靜下來想想，我這樣一個出身貧寒。經歷坎坷的人，居然能活到92歲，實在有點奇怪。過了80歲，經常有人問我，有什么養生之道，我不僅不懂得養生，而且還有一些不好的習慣。

Often ,in my calm moment of contemplation ,I find it amazing that a man like me who

was born of a poor family and has suffered a lifetime of frustrations should have lived to the age of 92.When I was in my eighties, people often asked me for advice on how to keep in good health.But the fact is , instead of a recipe for healthy living, I have some very bad habits.人世間，萬事萬物，都有一定的規律，掌握了這個 規律，才能改革和創造，我認為，習慣不屬于意識形態范圍，它有一種“慣性”。所以，古人說：習之難改也甚矣。當然，這是說難改，不是說不能改。只要下了決心，持之以恒，習慣也還是可以改的。

In this human world , things all go by certain rules.Only by grasping these rules can we make reforms and create.I think habits do not come under the category of ideology, but have something to do with inertia.That's why the ancients say ,“Old habits die hard ” Nevertheless, it doesn't mean that habits are impossible of being broken.With strong resolution and perseverance, we can certainly break ourselves of old habits.5..Globalization of Sporting Culture

Massive changes in all of the world's deeply cherished sporting habits are underway.Whether it'sone of London's parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Superbowl rivaling the British Football Cup final as a televised spectator event in Britain ,the patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition.We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture.世界上廣為人們接受的運動習慣正發生著巨大的變化。的公園里到處是玩壘球的人，而俄羅斯人愛上了橄欖球，美國橄欖球聯合會超級杯賽和英國足球杯總決賽更是成為英國電視觀眾競相爭看的賽事。運動員和觀眾的行為都在發生著變化，讓人難以捉摸。我們正目睹著體育文化步入全球化的過程。

6.。世界文明共存

進入21世紀，世界形勢繼續發生深刻變化，多極化與經濟全球化在曲折中深入發展，新情況，新矛盾層出不窮。隨著經濟全球化的發展，許多西方學者熱衷于探討不同文明之間的關系。在不少學者的論點背后，可以感覺到西方文明優越論的強烈色彩。許多西方學者甚至認為，如果沒有西方價值觀體系，就沒有任何社會可以真正的實現現代化。亞洲國家也有不少人開始懷疑自身的文化傳統能否孕育出現代化精神。

Since the arrival of 21st century , the world has continued to undergo profound changes.World multi-polarization and economic globalization are developing in greater depth amid twists and turns with new troubles and contradictions emerging one after another.With the development of economic globalization, many scholars in the West have taken great interest in discussing the relationship between different civilizations.However ,behind the arguments of some scholars, one can discern a strong sense of superiority of Western civilization.Quite a few Western scholars even believe that without embracing the Western value system, no society in the world would ever be able to achieve modernization.Many people in Asian countries have also begun to doubt if their own cultural tradition can nurture the spirit of modernization.7..總之，不同文明之間的相處應超越社會制度和意識形態的差異。各國應努力尋求共同利益的匯合點，遵循世界是豐富多彩的原則，采取相互學習，取長補短的積極態度，以利共同發展，而不應用一種政治制度和發展模式去規范整個世界。In general, it's essential for civilizations to coesistwith each other by transcending different social systems and ideology.All countries should work hard to seek convergence of common interests, honor the principle that the world is colorful and diversified ,and adopt a positive attitude of learning from each other to make up for their respective deficiencies in the interest of common development.It's not acceptable to model the whole world after one political system or development pattern.8...Etiquette(禮儀)

To be able to answer the question “Is etiquette important?” one must have an understanding of the true meaning of the word.There is no simple definition of synonym, but to me “consideration” comes the closest.All good manners are based on thoughtfulness for others, and if everyone lived by the Golden Rule--“Do unto others as you would have others do unto you”-there would be no bad manners in the world.There have been many attempts to define “etiquette” over the years ,but my own particular favouritewas found in an old grammar book.It is ,Politeness is to do and say The kindest thing in the kindest way.“禮儀重要嗎？”若要回答這個問題，我們必須懂得“禮儀”一詞的真正含義。我們無法把這個詞簡單地定義或給出某個同義詞，而在我看來，“體諒”則是最貼切的詮釋。一切禮貌的行為舉止皆以體貼他人為基礎。如果人人都能遵循“你想別人怎樣對待你，就要怎么對待別人”這一黃金法則，這世界上也就不會有不禮貌 的行為了。多年來，很多人都試圖給“禮儀”定義，但我特別喜愛的解釋是在一本古老的語法書中發現的，書中這樣寫到，“以最碼頭的方式去說最碼頭的話，做最碼頭的事，這就是禮貌。”

9...中國神話的特點

一，神話與歷史難以分開。在中國有文字記載的歷史以前的歷史，部分地根據傳說，而傳說和神話是交結在一起的，如伏羲，神農，黃帝，夏禹這些古代的英雄和領袖，既是傳說中的歷史人物，也是神話中的重要角色。古代神話在很大程度上歷史化了。反過來說，古代歷史也在某種程度上神話化了。

1.Mythical stories are entwined with history.The history of the long period before recorded history began is partly based on legend ,which is interwoven with mythology.Such ancient heroes and leaders as Fuxi, Shengnong, Huangdi and Yu are both historical figures according to legend and important characters in mythical stories.Ancient mythology was to a great extent made historical.On the other hand ,ancient history was to a certain extent made mythical.10...中國的環保國策

中國作為一個發展中國家，面臨著發展經濟和保護環境的雙重任務。然而，我國人口眾多，資源相對不足，經濟規模越來越大，經濟發展與資源和環境之間的矛盾日益突出。環境污染嚴重，生態狀況惡化，資源耗費巨大，回收率低而導致環

境破壞等問題，已成為中國經濟保持可持續發展的瓶頸。

As a developing country ,China is faced with the dual tasks of developing its economy and protecting the environment.However, China suffers an increasing disparity between economic development and natural resources and the environment with a large population, relative insufficiency in natural resources and expanding economy.The serious environmental problem caused by severe pollution, deteriorating ecological conditions, huge consumption of resources and low reclamation has already become a bottleneck for the sustainable development of the Chinese economy.11.New Class War :Teacher vs Technology

Halfway through the semester in this market research course at Roanoke College last fall, only moments after announcing a policy of zero tolerance for cellphone use in the classroom，Prof.Ali Nazemi heard a telltale ring.Then he spotted a young man named Neil Noland fumbling with his phone , trying to turn it off before being caught.去年秋天，羅阿諾克學院阿里·納齊米教授的市場研究課程業已學期過半。有一天他宣布在他的課堂上對使用手機采取零容忍政策。話音未落，就聽到明顯的手機鈴聲。他循聲望去，發現一個名叫尼爾·諾蘭的年輕人正手忙腳亂地擺弄手機，試圖在被抓之前關掉它。

12.別為了成功而拋棄快樂。

一位大學生曾經告訴我，“我不需要快樂，只需要成功。”當時，我并沒有反駁，畢竟是學生嗎，說話總是出語驚人。說真的，我喜歡這種談吐風格。然而，一旦你開始慢慢接受這種主張，它就會讓你感到不安。這位學生如此草率地了快樂，似乎說，“讓我們去追求人生更重要的東西-事業上的成功。”

A college student once told me ,“I don't need to be happy-just successful.”At the time, I let it pass--students, after all ,regularly say surprising things.Indeed ,I like this quality in their conversations.But this assertion has an unsetting quality to it once you let it seep in.The student dismisses happiness in such a perfunctory way.It's as if she is saying, “Let's get on to the important stuff--professional success.”

第四篇：研究生英語翻譯單元6

Unit Six

也許沒有人像E．B．懷特那樣抒情、那樣成功地捕捉到紐約這個城市。這篇短文向仍然熱愛紐約的人們展現了它永恒的經典特質。

這就是紐約

E．B．懷特

1紐約將孤寂與獨處當作贈禮，賜予所有向往這份奇特禮物的人們。紐約城內數量龐大的居民中，沖著這份贈禮而來此落腳的絕不在少數；曼哈頓也因此聚集了眾多異鄉客，他們背井離鄉到此闖蕩，有的為了尋求庇護，有的為了一展抱負，還有的為了實現心中或大或小的愿望。紐約之所以神秘，便在于它總能賜予這般撲朔迷離的饋贈，能使人萬劫不復，也能讓人飛黃騰達，皆為運氣使然。如果有誰打算碰碰運氣，不妨到紐約來。

2紐約集藝術、商業、體育、宗教、娛樂和金融于一城，城內拳擊手、傳教士、推銷員、演員、經紀人、商人齊聚一堂，同場競技。紐約的領口上彌漫著綿延悠長、揮之不去的歷史氣息，不管坐在紐約城的哪個角落，你都能感受到那些輝煌時代和宏偉業績的搏動，那些奇妙人物、事件和活動的余音。此時此刻，我正坐在市中心一問令人窒息的旅館客房里，它位于通風井中部，屋內溫度高達華氏90度。房間里沒法子通風，但說來也怪，我還是捕捉到了周遭事物散發出來的訊息。離這兒22個街區之外，魯道夫·瓦倫帝諾在長眠；8個街區之外，內森·黑爾曾被處以極刑；5個街區之外的出版社辦公室中，歐內斯特·海明威的拳頭同馬科斯·伊斯特曼的鼻子來了一次親密接觸；4英里外，沃爾特·惠特曼嘔心瀝血地為《布魯克林之鷹》寫作社論；34個街區之外，威拉·凱瑟剛來紐約時曾居住于此，創作了許多以內布拉斯加州為題材的作品；1個街區之外，瑪爾瑟琳在紐約劇院大樓里演出過丑角笑劇；36個街區之外，歷史學家喬·古爾德在眾目睽睽之下將一個收音機踢得粉碎；13個街區之外，哈里·索開槍擊斃了斯坦福·懷特；5個街區之外是我曾做過領座員的大都會劇院；112個街區之外則矗立著老克拉倫斯·戴洗去罪惡的主顯節教堂(類似的例子，我可以無限制地羅列下去)。這樣想來，或許有一些顯赫的大人物也曾在我現在棲身的屋子里住過，有的也許就是在某個熱得讓人喘不過氣來的下午安坐于此，形單影只，與世隔絕，腦子里卻滿是各自捕捉到的屋子外邊散發出來的訊息。

3幾分鐘前，我下樓吃午飯，發現坐在我旁邊的竟然是弗里德·斯通(他靠墻坐著，離我大約18英寸遠)。18英寸是紐約為其居民之間設定的既聯系又分隔的距離。我同弗里德·斯通之間的唯一聯系就是我有幸在本世紀初上演的《綠野仙蹤》里看過他的表演。沒想到，招待我們的服務員竟也同我一樣，為能同一個“綠野仙蹤人士”如此親密接觸而興奮不已；斯通離開后，他告訴我說，他(即服務員本人)剛到美國時年紀輕輕，甚至聽不懂英語，但他同女朋友的首次劇院約會就是去看《綠野仙蹤》。那是非常棒的演出，他回憶道——稻草人啊，鐵皮人啊。真是棒極了!(還是在18英寸之外)“斯通先生的胃口總是那么好，”他還不無體貼地感嘆，似乎為同“綠野仙蹤”分享些許命運交集而心滿意足呢。

4紐約城賜予人們獨處孤居之禮的同時，也奉上一份參與的興奮；同其他人口稠密的社區相比，紐約能更好地將個人與每時每劾在他周圍發生的重大的、猛烈的、奇妙的事件隔離開來(只要他需要，而幾乎每個人都想要或需要這種隔離)。自打我搬進這烏煙瘴氣的通風井以來，城里已發生了好些惹人注目的事件。妒火中燒

之下，一個男人開槍打死了自己的妻子，但此事卻并未在他所處街區以外的地方引起任何反響，報紙上也只是稍稍提到幾筆。我當時并不在現場。我來到城里以后，世界上規模空前的飛行表演恰好在紐約舉行。當時我并沒到場，城中800萬居民也大多沒有去觀摩，盡管據宣稱，到現場捧場的觀眾不在少數。我甚至沒有聽到飛機的轟鳴聲，只是間或有幾架西行的商業航班從通風井上空飛過。北大西洋上最大的遠洋輪船在紐約進進出出，可我并沒有留意，大多數紐約人也沒有注意到。紐約港被稱為世界上最大的港口，沿港碼頭綿延650英里，停泊著來自他鄉異域的船只，但我來到紐約之后，只有在前天夜里經過布魯克林大橋時看到過一艘單桅帆船罷了，其時，它正搶在退潮前急急駛出東河。不過，一天半夜里我還聽到了瑪麗女王號的汽笛聲，這一聲長鳴傳達了“離行--期許--惘然”這一完整過程。獅子會會員們齊聚集會，我卻連他們的人影都沒看到過。我的一位朋友倒是撞見一個，并告訴過我(據他描述，那人瘸著腳，身穿一件短開衫)。棒球場和賽馬場上如火如荼的比賽也已拉開序幕，我卻連一個球員、一匹賽馬都沒見著。州長駕臨城中，我聽到警報尖鳴，但僅此而已——又是18英寸的距離使然。有人被從天而降的一截房檐砸中，死于非命。我卻并未卷入這場慘劇，究其原因，還是這18英寸的距離使然。

5我提到這些，僅僅為了表明紐約城是一座建構奇特的城市，這里發生的事件包羅萬象(城東1,000英尺長的班輪也好，城西2萬人的集會也罷)，但種種事件卻又未被強加到每個居民身上。因此，從某種意義上說，每個事件都有可供選擇的余地，居民們大可隨心所欲地選擇心儀的場景來體味，保護其靈魂免受侵害。在許多都市里，無論是大都會還是小城市，個人往往沒有這種選擇的自由。他必然會同獅子會會員們狹路相逢。獅子會會員無處不在，各種事件避無可避。一截房檐從天而降，必然會砸到每個市民頭上，無一幸免。我有時想，能夠砸到每個紐約人頭上的事件恐怕只有一年一度的圣帕特里克節游行，其影響之廣，可謂無孔不入——愛爾蘭是一個不可小覷的民族，紐約城中居住的愛爾蘭人有50萬之眾，他們還擁有自己的武裝力量。

6在將居民同其周邊生活隔離開來的同時，紐約也會弱化他們作為個體的存在。也許，生活在一個普通社區里，生活反而會健全些：在那里，當一截房檐從天而降時，你總會感受到疼痛；在那里，當州長經過時，至少他的帽子會映入你的眼簾。

7說到這點，我并不是在為紐約辯護。很多人選擇這里落腳也許只是為了逃避現實，而不是面對現實。但無論如何，這都是非常希罕的禮物，而且我也相信這給紐約客的創造力帶來了積極的影響——因為在一定程度上，創造就是將大大小小令人分心的事物拋之腦后的過程。

8盡管紐約常常帶給人一種強烈的失落感或被遺棄感，但她卻很少顯得死氣沉沉或乏味無趣，你總會生出如下想法：只需變換一下位置，搬到10個街區以外，或者稍稍破一下財，花掉5美元，你就能立刻重獲生機，神采奕奕。許多缺乏自主精神的人紛紛從紐約城的多姿多彩及令人興奮的活動中尋求支柱，支撐和維系他們的精神和信念。在這個國家的其他地方，這種立竿見影的“重生”機會少之又少——或許只有天氣的變化或新到的郵件才能帶來些許驚喜。但在紐約，這種機會卻是無窮無盡的。在我看來，盡管有不少人來到紐約是因為他們活力過剩，無法宣泄(這促使他們背井離鄉，來到紐約)，同時，也不乏一些人是因為精神匱乏才來到紐約，在這里尋求庇護或某種輕而易舉就能得到的替代品。

第五篇：2005-2009年 研究生英語翻譯題目

2005年

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)

It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history.History and news become confused, and one’s peoples, their cultures and national identities.With this in mind we can begin to analyze the European television scene.47)and Murdoch come to mind.在加強不同的民族和國家之間的聯系方面，電視也許還從來沒有像在最近的歐洲事件中那樣起過如此大的作用。

在歐洲就像在其他地方一樣多媒體集團越來越成功了，這些集團把相互關系密切的電視臺、電臺、報紙、雜志、出版社組合到了一起。

Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete in such a rich and hotly-contested market.48)僅這一點就表明在電視行業里生存不那么容易，這個事實通過統計數字也是一目了然，統計表明在80家歐洲電視網中1989年出現虧損的不下50%.Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.49)--that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own.創造一個將要組成舊大洲聯系纖維并且尊重不同文化和傳統的統一體不是一項容易的任務，需要策略性的選擇。

In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co-productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training.This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European

bank for Television Production which, on the model of the European Investments Bank, will handle the finances necessary for production costs.50)and if I had to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity.” A unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.在應付一個如此規模的挑戰過程中，我們可以毫不夸張地說，團結，我們就會站起來；分裂，我們就會倒下去。

2006年

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)

Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true.Father Bruckberger told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America.But they have done more than that.They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual.It is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.47)This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals--the average scientist, for one.48)Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties--he is not supposed to cook his experiments, During most of his waking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their

This description even fits the majority of eminent scholars.Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in "public and illustrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, is something else.2007年

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)

The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities.However, only in recent years has it become a older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators.Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment.On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom.(47)example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law.Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.(48)of the state, is a major subject for journalists.The better informed they are about the Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists.While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by

lawyers.(50)These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.2008年

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)

In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty.He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.(47)His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy.So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry.thought, could not be true, because the “Origin of Species” is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men.No one, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning.He was willing to assert that “I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree.”(49)”

Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure.Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great, delight.In 1881, however, he said: “Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry.I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music.”

2009年

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)

There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young.In the former case the education is incidental;it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association.46）secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences;family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity;systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.47）industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world's work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance.48）need of training is too evident;the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account.49）made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.2010年考研試題翻譯部分

Part C Translation:

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)

One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value.yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and ,if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.It is painful to read these round about accounts today.we have no land ethic yet,(47)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us)A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds.(48 Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species)

Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly.or have too low a sale vale to pay as imeber crops(49)In Europe ,where forestry is ecologically more advanced ,the commercial tree species are recognized ad members of native forest community ,to be preserved as such ,within reason.)

To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided。(50 It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.)without the uneconomic pats.46.Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them。

47.but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue survival as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us

48.Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species。

49.In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason。

50.It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning。