第一篇：語篇型語法填空題對高中英語教學的啟示111

淺析語法填空題對我在英語教學中的啟示

2016年我們安徽省高考使用全國卷，對于英語學科全國卷，2014年2月，國家考試中心公布的《考試說明》標志著新課標題型改革正式開始實施，持續了很長時間的單選填空題型也正式被語法填空的題型所取代，語法填空這一題型的設計有堅實的理論基礎，語法填空的題型對學生學習英語有諸多益處。語法填空題旨在考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎上對語法和語用知識的掌握情況，著重考查考生的綜合語言運用能力。其“突出語篇，強調運用”的命題思路，不僅充分體現了語言測試的交際性原則，也很好地體現了高中英語課程改革的教學理念，與《課程標準》所提出的英語課程的性質完全吻合。因此，在我們高中英語教學中加強學生相應能力的培養，不僅符合《課程標準》的要求，也能夠增強考生應對此新題型的能力，從而實現教考相互促進的良性循環。因此，我在實際教學過程中，努力做到以下幾點，來更好地幫助學生提高這種新題型的答題能力。

首先，轉變態度，改變中學英語學習中存在的過分強調語法規則而忽視其語用功能，過分重視接受性技能的學習而忽視產出性語言技能培養的現象。學生們要加強聽、說、讀、寫綜合能力的發展，多進行語言產出和交際的機會，將學習英語的關注點轉移到語言的社會功能和實際運用上來。其次，加強對學生語篇邏輯分析能力和精細閱讀能力的培養。可以通過精讀教學、課外閱讀、寫作練習等方式，促進學生的語篇分析能力和對語言的理解力和控制力的發展。

再次，繼續重視語言的準確性。語法和詞匯知識是綜合語言運用能力的基礎，因此鞏固對語言基本知識的掌握依然重要。但語法和詞匯不是孤立的語言項目，語法和詞匯知識的學習要和真實的交際場景和語篇運用緊密結合起來。

最后，進行恰當的適應性訓練有助于增強學生應對此題型的能力。語篇型語法填空題取代單句型語言知識運用題之后，基于語篇的針對性練習勢必比句子層次的語言知識練習更能滿足學生的需求和測試的要求。

第二篇：英語語篇型語法填空題解題指導

英語語篇型語法填空題解題指導

[摘 要]語篇型語法填空題要求考生通讀語篇，綜合運用所掌握的詞匯、語法等知識，填出能使語篇通順、結構完整的單詞或短語。解題的關鍵是語法知識要扎實，總的原則是一看語言結構，二看篇章關系。

[關鍵詞]語篇型語法填空 命題特點 解題指導

[中圖分類號] G633.41[文獻標識碼] A[文章編號] 16746058（2016）310061

語篇型語法填空題又稱開放式語篇填空題，有短文體和對話體兩種形式。其中，短文體選材多以記敘文為主。它的難度與高中課文材料相當，長度在200詞左右，一般沒有超出課標的單詞，但會有課標單詞的派生詞。語法填空題的命題形式有“純空格題”和“用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空”（通常只有2―3個空白處給出參考詞匯）兩種。“純空格題”主要考查冠詞、介詞、代詞和連接詞以及功能性副詞等五類詞；“用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空”主要考查謂語動詞的時態和語態、非謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞的比較級、詞性轉換等。從該題型的形式上看，語法填空只給出空缺，沒有選項，要求學生從全文出發，根據語境、行文邏輯和自己已有的語法與詞匯知識來填空，體現“突出語篇”的命題風格，對學生的語言、知識提取以及運用能力提出了較高的要求。

語篇型語法填空題要求考生通讀語篇，掌握語篇大意，綜合運用所掌握的詞匯、語法等知識，填出能使語篇通順、結構完整的單詞或短語，考查學生靈活運用所學語言知識的綜合能力。因此，語篇型語法填空題與傳統的完形填空題的解題思路和方法相差不大，要注意“瞻前顧后，左顧右盼，承上啟下，前后照應”。解題的關鍵是語法知識要扎實，總的原則是一看語言結構，二看篇章關系。可以遵循如下的解題步驟。

一、閱讀全文

閱讀全文是解題的必要準備，只有讀懂全文才有可能正確填寫10個空白處。通讀全文的目的是把握其大意，理清邏輯關系，為下一步填空做好語義上的準備。在通讀全文的過程中，很有必要弄清篇章的話題、中心思想、段落層次及主題句等，這有利于讀懂全文和在填空時進行必要的邏輯推理。

二、嘗試填空

在基本把握文章大意之后，就可以著手嘗試填空了。考生可采用下列方法。

1.根據上下文語境來確定答案。篇章的上下文之間常常存在并列、對比等關系，互相提示，所以根據上下文之間的關系就可以得出正確的信息。例如：

He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly，he（find）that he had run out of salt.解析：根據上一句的過去進行時可知，文章講述的是過去的事情，所以find的形式應為found。

2.依據句子結構分析來確定答案。句子結構是服務于語義內容表達的，因此，學生必須具備句子結構分析能力。如動詞填空，首先應考慮句中是否已有謂語動詞，如果有且有起連接作用的連詞，則可考慮填謂語動詞形式；如果有但沒有起連接作用的連詞，則可考慮填非謂語動詞形式。例如：

He suddenly appeared in class one day，（wear）sun glasses.解析：句中的謂語動詞是appeared，沒有連詞連接逗號后的內容，wear 的形式應為非謂語動詞形式wearing。

3.依據詞匯的搭配確定答案。形容詞用來作定語修飾名詞，副詞用來作狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，冠詞用來修飾名詞，代詞用來代替名詞作主語、賓語等。另外，每年高考一定會考到一個固定搭配。固定搭配形式多樣，但是根據文章的意義，只有一個答案是正確的。例如：

So Nick called to his son，“Go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it： neither too much too little.”

解析：neither...nor...為固定短語，故填nor。

4.依據綜合分析來確定答案。綜合分析法就是在做題時，有時我們不能單一地使用某種方法，而要同時使用多種方法。例如：

It might have made it a little（hard）for everybody because it meant they had to turn around，but that didn’t stop the kids in the class.解析：根??語境來判斷，這里要表達“對于每個人來說這可能更難一點”，a little正好可以修飾形容詞的比較級，故填harder。

三、查讀

填好所有空白處后，將整篇文章再讀一遍。經過閱讀填空，對篇章已經有了全面、理性的認識。查讀有兩個目的，一是看篇章填上答案后是否流暢、連貫，是否符合語境，邏輯是否合理，二是檢查答案是否有語法上的錯誤，從而最大限度地避免錯誤，提高答案的準確率。

總之，要做好語篇型語法填空題，需要考生平時打下扎實的語法知識基礎，培養語言運用能力和邏輯思維能力。教師應注重從以下幾個方面引導學生進行訓練：不斷記憶，積累詞匯；夯實基礎，學好語法；大聲朗讀，培養語感；堅持不懈，多做練習。這樣，考生在該題上取得好成績就水到渠成了。

（責任編輯 周侯辰）

第三篇：語篇型語法填空解題技巧

語篇型語法填空解題技巧

一、語篇型語法填空的形式

在一篇200詞左右的語篇（短文或對話）中留出10處空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據上下文填寫空白處所需的內容，所填寫詞語不得超過三個。

二、語篇型語法填空的測試點

主要包括動詞時態、語態、情態動詞、非謂語動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞、介詞、復合句、強調句、感嘆句、倒裝句、反意疑問句、省略句、定于從句的連接詞和it的用法等。

三、語篇型語法填空的解題思路

考生在對題目進行作答之前，要先對題干進行詳細閱讀，檢查題目中是否有提示詞語存在；而后判斷出所填詞語在句子中所充當的句子成分，例如，主語、謂語等；最后根據其所充當的句子成分，加之其所處句子的語態等，選擇詞語的正確形式，例如，動詞的現在分詞或者過去分詞，或者形容詞的比較或者最高級的使用等。

在句子中沒有提示詞或者標志詞存在時，考生要根據句子中所填詞語的位置，判斷所填詞語的詞性，例如，連接詞、定冠詞或者不定冠詞、代詞或者介詞等。定冠詞以及不定冠詞的位置通常在名詞之前，起到對名詞進行限制的作用。而代詞則分為形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性代詞、指示代詞和不定代詞等。在運用介

詞的時候，往往考查介詞的固定搭配，其中包括動詞、形容詞等與介詞的搭配。

語法填空的題目雖然難度相對較大，考查范圍相對較廣，考生失分現象較為嚴重，但是只要考生能夠清楚地了解這類題目的命題特點和命題規律，掌握答題的技巧，在備考的過程中有針對性地多加練習，熟練語法的運用，及時對經驗進行總結，加強在語篇情境下的語法應用能力，在考試中就能提高語法填空題的準確率，取得較為理想的成績。

四、語篇型語法填空例題 例

一、對話體

Mum:(putting on her coat)I am going to go down to the shop for more bread.Alan: Why?

Mum: I am not sure what 1(happen).I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answer the phone.But someone must have taken them because they’re 3(go).Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad.I’m sure he was in the kitchen 4(early).Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished 5(make)them, so he couldn't have done it.6 , he

couldn’t carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so I’m sure 7 wasn’t him.Alan:(opening the fridge door)Well, it wasn’t me.But Mum, look!Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge?

Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness.I 9(put)them in there when the phone rang.Oh, dear.I really must be losing my 10.Now, why did I put on my coat? 答案：

1.happened 2.when 3.gone 4.earlier 5.making 6.Anyway 7.it 8.the 9.must have put 10.mind/memory 例

二、短文體

One of my father’s favorite 1(say)as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn't say I didn’t like something, 2 it might be, until after I tried it.Over the years I’ve come to realize how much of my success I owe to my 3(accept)of those words as one of my values.My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I wanted to do as a career(職業).4(actual)I believed I would work for a few years, get 5(marry), stay home and raise a family, so

I didn’t think the job I took mattered that much.I couldn’t 6 more mistaken.I mastered the skills of that 7(begin)level position and I was given the opportunity(機會)to move up through the company into 8(differ)positions.I accepted each new opportunity with the thought,“Well, I’ll try it;9 I don’t like it I can always go back to my 10(early)position.” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years.答案：

1.sayings 2.whatever 3.acceptance 4.Actually 5.married 6.have been 7.beginning 8.different 9.if 10.earlier

第四篇：2014年高考英語新題型——語篇型語法填空題(20篇)

高考新題型：語篇型語法填空題20篇

根據上下文填寫空白處所需的內容或所提供單詞的正確形式，所填寫詞語不得多于3個單詞。

1.Hi, Jim, there is an interesting picture conveying a message vividly that a difference 1(between)reality and dream may as well be recognized in our life.Evidently, realizing this difference and trying to shorten this gap is the key to 2(achieve)our accomplishment 3(otherwise)nothing will be gotten in the end.In our daily life, some people are aware of their ability, making great efforts to improve themselves, 4(while)others ignore the disparity between their earnest wish and poorest actuality, doing nothing but complaining.Conceivably, the confused man in the picture is exactly the latter one.In this picture, a man 5(fish)on a big stone, waiting and waiting.6(However), the small fish he has caught is totally different from the big one he is longing for.Now, there are two options in front of him: face the reality and keep trying 7(till)get the dreamy fish, or drop his fishing rod and feel desperate.Apparently, he chooses the second one.Such a situation seems fairly common in our society.We 8(face)with this kind of intriguing

question all the time, and every choice we make has great influence on our way to 9(succeed).Making an

accurate estimate of our realities and dreams, then sparing no efforts to approach the tip is the only option for us to make, provided that we are in great want of achieving our goals.10(base)on the above statement, a conclusion will be arrived at that learning to accept the reality and adopting a positive attitude towards the dream is what we are supposed to do, when confronting our less-satisfying situation.How Learning Habits Influence On Learning Results.It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings.”, 1 shows the importance of habits.“An apple a day keeps doctor away.”also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body.2 , good learning habits can help us gain great learning results 3(include)high scores and abundant knowledge.At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes 4 the content of our learning.Obviously, a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.5 we

can see, cultivating a good habit is so important __ 6 I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits----keep a learning diary every day.We can start the

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habit by 7(write)learning summary and remember to In the English Reading Week, one of my classmates record something impressive and 8(mean).Keep it in recommended a quote to us, mind, and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and 1 goes like this;“Your future depends on many things, benefit from it.2 mostly on you.” I can't agree 3(much)with this What’s more, I find out that I still have some bad view.It's true that our future 4(determine)by many learning habits as well.I can 9 concentrate on reading things, such as opportunities and help from others, but our for a short time and I 10(conquer)this problem by own attitude, determination, 5 hard work play a more spending more effort on concentration practice.important role.In 6 words, we are the master of our own I believe that through my efforts, I can gain good future.learning results by having good habits.Take Abraham Lincoln, for example.He was born in a poor family, and only received a 7(limit)education in his

3.childhood.Yet through his painstaking efforts, he changed My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I not only his own fate but also the history of America.8 to usually feel 1(encourage)by his compliments.this day.Lincoln(regard)as one of the most One day, 2 we learned the new word “eccentric” inspiring figures in the world.10 , I firmly believe that in class, we 3

(ask)to make a sentence with it.I our future is in our own hands.volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric 5.boy 4 clothes never fit him.” Hearing this, the whole Dear Tom, class burst into 5(laugh)and my deskmate’s face How are you doing? You 1(ask)me in your last letter turned red.6 class, I learned from the teacher that my about my plan for the coming summer vacation.deskmate 7(drop)out of school if he hadn’t been I am sorry that I didn’t reply 2 _delay.How I wish helped by others.My mindless words must 8(hurt)him I 3(read)and reply your email as soon as I received it.deeply.4 , I was busy preparing for my final exam at that time, Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in 5 is vital for me.As a result, I had no choice but 6 9 positive and negative ways.We should avoid hurting(focus)on my study completely.I believe that if you 7 others if we can’t always 10(encourage)when we speak.(be)me, you would make the same choice。

4.2 / 8

By the way, I have a busy schedule for my summer vacation.contribution to the society, which is able to 9(rich)First and foremost, I would do a part time job, so that my my life.interpersonal skills 8(improve).(Additionally), I I 10(sincere)apologize again for my mistake.By will take a short trip to Beijing to take a summer course the way, what’s your plan to spend your summer vacation? in the New Oriental School.Last but not 9(little), I am looking forward to your reply.maybe I will work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching Yours assistant.sincerely, These are my plan for the summer vacation.What’s yours? 7.I am looking 10__to your earliest reply.To whom it may concern: I’ve learned that an art exhibition is 1(hold)and

6.that you’re collecting suggestions on its location.I’m Dear Tom, writing this letter to share with you my 2.How is everything going? I feel 1(terrible)sorry for In my opinion, it is 3(advisable)to hold the art missing the chance of answering your letter in time.You know, exhibition in Shanghai Museum than in community libraries.I 2(prepare)for the final exams these days, so I forgot My reasons are as 4(follow).to write back.In your letter, you asked me for my plans on On one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to summer vacation.Now, I 3(write)to tell you some Shanghai Museum which 5(locate)in the center of the city.specific details.And the museum is much more spacious than community 4 , three things will make my summer vacation libraries, 6 provides visitors 7 a more comfortable meaningful.To start 5 , doing a part-time job is my dream environment for appreciating art.and I intend to work as a salesman 6 not only can I earn On the other hand, as a well-known museum, Shanghai money by 7 , but also it will broaden my horizons.In Museum is more 8(profession)and experienced in holding 8(add), it is a fabulous choice to visit some famous scenic art exhibitions.Its professional security guards and spots such as Mount Tai during the vacation, in order to advanced facilities can better protect those famous enjoy appealing scenery and make more friends.What is more, paintings from 9(damage)or stolen.doing voluntary work, I think, will make a great Therefore, I suggest the exhibition 10(hold)in

the museum.3 / 8

Wang Min

8.Good afternoon, my dear friends.My name is Li Jin.I’m outgoing and get 1 well with my classmates and teachers.I am 2(skill)in organizing all kinds of activities.I’d like to run 3 the vice president of the English club in our school.I know as the vice president, I must do the 4(follow)things for the club: I will try to make 5 known to every student and more students 6(involve)in the activities organized by the club.Also, 7(improve)our English and get 8(many)students interested in English, I intend to organize some activities at school like lectures and English parties and Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the inter-school 9 such as English debate competitions and

Fairy Lake Park.The park was full of freshness and beauty speech contests.I hope all of you 10(vote)for me.of spring, with the sun 1(shine)and birds singing.I Thank you.(enjoy)the fantastic scenery around 3 something

9.unpleasant caught my eye.A young 4 in a boat were.To many people , 1 the word “work” sounds unpleasant ,not necessarily because they are lazy.The same eating, talking and laughing loudly 5 if they were the man, 2 dislikes his job in the factory 3 even in the only people in the world.What's 6(bad), they spat and office ,may work hard at the weekend ,painting the house or

even threw rubbish into the lake, totally 7(ignore)the digging the garden.What is the reason ,then ？ 4 most cases ,it is because noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.What a shame!these people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing.It

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does not give them any real satisfaction.It may be quite easy ,like making up wooden boxes , 5 it is very boring.Very often they are doing a job which is just a small part of a much 6(large)one ,such as attaching a door handle to a car.But the part they play in actually making the car is so small that they can 7 say :I have made something!Yet in modern society somebody has to do ordinary jobs 8 as cleaning streets 9 this is the way society is organized ,No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.Society cannot function a single day 10 the “dull and boring” jobs.10.burden.The picture convinces me it is even Such behavior left me deep 8 thought.If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will(important)to be a good daughter.12.be severely polluted and soon(turn)into a huge

Good morning, everyone, dustbin.I think all of us should mind our behavior in public I am Li hua from Xingguang Middle School.The topic of

my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.places.10 in this way can we live in more comfortable

As 1(know)to us all, the improvement of people’s living standards, cars 3(become)a popular and beautiful surroundings.means of transport, 4(bring)great convenience to our

life.5 , they have also caused some problems such as 11.air pollution and traffic jams.The burden of students 1(be)a hot topic for years，How can we solve the problems then? As far as I 6 but the load of parents has received

attention,(concern), bicycles is a good solution.For one thing, especially from their own children.bicycles don’t need any petrol and they are energy-saving.The picture shows us a touching moment 3 a little For ,bicycles are

(environment)friendly girl comes to greet her working mom.4(Realize)her mom because they won’t give off waste gas.What’s more, riding must be very tired after a day’s work, the girl helps to bicycles

is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial remove the bag from her shoulder.In response, the mom kneels to our health.down to show how happy and 5(thank)she feels., let’s take the 10(responsible)to build up All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing 6 a carbon city by riding bicycles.Come on and join us!she could to let me have the best.But, totally engaged in my own study, I 7 pay attention to what mother needs and hank you!feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I

could 8 return.Now I know I can do my bit to help with

13.the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at 9(little)

When Sam first got to his boarding school with his prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother’s daily parents, he was very happy.He thought he 1(be)able to

go home every weekend.When he 2(tell)he would not, he

/ 8

Tstarted crying 3 the thought of not seeing his parents was driving him crazy.He was given uniforms and all 4 things that he would need for the term.He started crying 5 it was time for his parents to leave.He was then taken to the dorm, 6 he saw other children happy.He tried as much as he 7 to fit in but could not because his mind was at home.He started feeling homesick and wanted to go home as soon as possible.He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food.He could not concentrate 8 the classroom.All he could think was being at home with his family.He had 9 mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents.He was angry and felt lonely.He thought his parents hated him and that was 10 they left him in a boarding school.14.The story is about Sam felt about his first boarding school life.2 a child, he never left his parents, so he didn’t get used to(deal)with everything in school independently.Once I had a similar experience.I finished my junior middle school in a boarding school.At the age of 13, I 4 dealt with the daily things, such as washing clothes, taking care of money etc, 5 I felt lonely because I hardly knew any people.At first, I could not get on well with my classmates and I always looked forward to 6(be)on

holiday to meet my parents.I could not concentrate on my subjects.As time went by, I gradually adapted 7(me)to the school life.I made several friends with our classmates and often took part in the activities, in which I improved my communicating skills.As I had a lot of

interesting things to do, I 8 enjoyed my school life.Now, 9 I think of my first boarding school life, I think 10 instructive and unforgettable.` 15.No body language can be more attractive/ fascinating than smiling.Not only can a beautiful smile make 1(us)happy, but also it enables others to feel 2(delight).3 a smile is so powerful that it gives people(suffer)from disasters great courage.A little boy 5(name)Lang Zheng, for instance, impressed and encouraged a great many people 6 a serious earthquake happened in Wen Chuan.Right after he(rescue)by the soldiers from the ruins, he saluted and smiled to them.His smile was like sunshine which warmed people who were in 8(sad).It is safe/ no exaggeration to say that without smile our life 9(be)colorless and difficult.It is suggested that we 10(smile)as much as possible.16.6 / 8

Jim, look at this picture!The man seems 1(look)is beginning to learn Chinese just like many other for water.He has dug several holes, but all of them 2 foreigners abroad, 10 I know it may be an enjoyable(leave)unfinished.reality, many people lack challenge for him.18.willpower and patience 4 doing something difficult.Last week, our class was 1 duty in the cafeteria for Just 5 the man in the picture, he didn’t dig any of them student self-management.On the first day, I 2(shock)further.If he 6(do)so, he would have got water.to see so much leftover food thrown away by students.What In my opinion, when we do something, we 7 have the a waste!Being concerned about it, my classmates and I had willpower to finish 8.We must firmly carry it 9 to a 3(heat)discussion on how 4(solve)the problem.the end if we want to get a fruitful result.A man who gives Lots of good ideas came up, such as holding class meetings，putting up wall newspapers and charging a fine for wasting up halfway will achieve 10.food.Finally, we all agreed that wall newspaper would be(good)choice.The next day, we put our idea into reality.Towards

17.lunch time, we put up a wall newspaper outside the school In recent years, learning Chinese 1(become)

cafeteria, 6(call)on students not to waste food.Many popular among people around the world.Last month, I 2

students gathered around to read and 7(express)their(receive)an email from my cousin Jack in Canada.He said

support.To my great delight, there were changes soon.In he was enthusiastic about Chinese, and asked me to find him

the cafeteria, I found the trays returned after lunch all some books 3(intend)for Chinese beginners.I was very

empty 8 any leftover.Food 9(save)and the dining pleased to do 4 a favor.So I went from one bookstore

hall was cleaner.Seeing this, I felt relieved and proud of to 5 , hoping to find something suitable for him.6 we had done.I selected a set of Chinese textbooks among a variety of

similar ones.Then I went to a post office to have them 7

(deliver)by air without delay.Several days later, I

received Jack’s email,(say)that he really

19.appreciated the books I 9(send).I’m very glad that Jack

/ 8

As you can see, the girl 1(is trying)to reach an apple at the top of the tree.It’s 2(so)high that she has to stand on a stack of stools and 3(may)fall any time.4(Down)at the lower part of the tree, there are many big apples 5(within)her reach.But she just ignores them.Isn’t it ridiculous? I think the picture tries to tell us that we should set a proper goal for ourselves.If we ignore the readily attainable goals and choose one 6(beyond)our reach, we may fall and end up with 7(nothing).In our daily life, there are many such “little girls”, 8(who)only aim at what is up high.Sometimes, they even take risks in getting the apple, the result of 9(which)is most probably only a fall.Actually, if we set a more realistic goal, not only 10 we get big apples, but also achieve confidence and happiness.8 / 8

第五篇：高中英語語法(語篇)填空題解題技巧

語法（語篇）填空題解題技巧

語法填空題側重考查學生的英語基礎，相對比較簡單。只要大家扎實掌握英語基礎知識并輔之以相應的解題技巧就能拿到高分。

一、歷年考點

“語法填空題在全國卷中已使用了四年，出現的考點有：時態和語態、非謂語動詞、助動詞、詞性轉換（形容詞→副詞/名詞，名詞→形容詞）、冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞、連接詞、比較等級、名詞復數、關系詞、祈使句。這些考點共涉及到《英語課程標準》中的19個語法項目，暫時在高考中沒有考到的語法項目有：數詞、省略、倒裝、強調、虛擬語氣、情態動詞以及除一般現在/過去時外的時態。

二、解題技巧 1.無提示詞

這種形式考查的內容主要是冠詞、介詞、助動詞、連詞、連接詞、關系詞和固定結構等。因為沒有提示詞，所以考生需要根據一些固定結構、短文大意、上下文的邏輯關系及對一些長難句結構的分析來確定所填內容。（1）考查冠詞：主要考查冠詞的基本用法及短語中的冠詞。如： The adobe dwellings(土坯房）…are admired by even ______most modern of architects and engineers.（2015新課標全國卷Ⅱ）解析：設空處位于形容詞最高級前，故填定冠詞the。

（2）考查介詞：主要考查介詞的基本用法及短語中的介詞。如：

But my connection with pandas goes back_______ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s..（2016全國卷功

解析：短語 go back to意為“可追溯到”，符合題意，故填to。句意：但是我與熊貓的聯系可追溯到20世紀80年代中期我參與一檔電視節目的日子.……

（3）考查助動詞：需要找出所缺成分并考慮時|的態。如：

Then the driver stood up and asked,“_____ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?“（2014新課標全國卷Ⅱ）

解析：由asked和間號可知引號中內容是個疑問d句，同時分析句子結構可知設空處需填助動詞，再由句中的last stop可知句中的謂語應用一般過去時，故填Did。（4）考查連詞：包括并列連詞和從屬連詞。【例1】In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, ,_____Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.（2016全國卷Ⅲ）

解析：In much of Asia, especially…Vietnam作地點狀語，especially.…Vietnam補充說明前面的內容China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam都是亞洲國家，它們之間是并列關系，故填連詞and。

【例2】We are so used to them ______we have forgotten their significance.解析：由題意“我們對它們習以為常以致我們忘記了它們的重要性”可知，設空處引導結果狀語從句，故填that。（5）考查連接詞：包括連接代詞和連接副詞。如：

【例1】It's amazing _____often people say “If I can help just one...” 解析：設空處引導主語從句，且由often及句意可知，此處應填how。

【例2】It turns out that looking attractive in photos isn't easy due to ____the researchers are calling the” frozen face effect.” 解析：設空處引導賓語從句，且在從句中作calling的間接賓語，故填what。It作形式主語，that引導的從句作真實主語。due to.…effect是原因狀語。

（6）考查關系詞：關鍵在于分析句子結構并找出先行詞。如：

I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River____ are pictured by artists..…

解析：設空處引導限制性定語從句修飾mountain tops and dark waters,且在從句中作主語，故填 which/that。2.有提示詞 這種考查形式主要考查詞性轉換、名詞單復 數變化、形容詞或副詞的比較級與最高級變化、動 詞的時態和語態（含主謂一致）以及動詞的非謂語 形式。這類題同樣需先判斷設空處在句中的功 能，其次再確定該用什么形式。

（1）提示詞是動詞

動詞的變化是語法填空題考查的重點之一。提示詞為動詞時可能考查謂語動詞、非謂語動詞 或名詞等。

a.考查謂語動詞時需考慮時態、語態、主謂一致等。如：

The early yoga was part of a religion.Usually yoga____(teach)one to one then-one teacher with one student.解析：由 then可知，本句陳述的是過去發生的事，主語yoga是單數，且是謂語動作teach的承受者，故填was taught。b.考查非謂語動詞時需考慮用動詞-ing形式、過去分詞還是不定式，同時還要考慮非謂語動詞的時態和語態。如： 【例1】My ambassadorial duties will include_____(introduce)British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre..… 解析：設空處作賓語，且表示多次重復發生的動作，故填introducing。

【例2】Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal(create)______special designs.（2016全國卷Ⅲ）解析：workers與create之間是邏輯上的主謂關系，且此處表目的，故填to create。c.考查名詞時需注意名詞的數。如：

Her only_____(respond)was always a nod of the head or something else like that.解析：Her only在句中作主語，意為“反應”，且由only及was可知此處應用單數形式，故填response。（2）提示詞是形容詞

此時可能考查提示詞的反義詞、副詞、比較等級或名詞等。a.考查提示詞的反義詞時需根據文章邏輯判斷。

A person's weight is private, and making comments about it is definitely considered___________(polite).解析：由private(私密的）可知，評論別人的體重被認為是不禮貌的，故填impolite。b.考查副詞時，設空處修飾動詞、形容詞或整個句子。如：

Car chases in the Los Angeles area are a(n)__________（fair)regular occurrence.解析：設空處修飾形容詞regular，故填副詞fairly。C.考查比較等級時，應考慮用比較級還是最高級。如：

The ancient trees are some of the_________(old)living plants on earth, and draw millions of visitors worldwide.解析：由the和表示范圍的on earth可知設空處應填最高級形式，且由ancient可知這些樹屬于地球上最古老的植物，故填oldest。

d.考查名詞時，需注意名詞的數。如：

In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their_________(able)to “air condition" a house without using electric equipment.（2015新課標全國卷Ⅱ）解析：設空處意為“能力”，即不用電器就能調節室溫的這種能力，故填ability。（3）提示詞是副詞

此時最可能考查的是比較等級。如：We've been describing New Zealand as a rock star in the sense that it has been doing_________(well)than almost all of the other developed world economies over the past couple of years.解析：由than可知此處需填比較級，且此處意為“做得更好”，故填well的比較級better。（4）提示詞是名詞

此時可能考查名詞的數或形容詞。a.名詞的數通常需要根據主語、謂語、定語等來判斷。如：

I'd skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which/that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese ___________(painting).（2015新課標全國卷I)解析：由so many可知，在此應填painting的復數形式。b.形容詞通常作定語或表語。如：

As____(nature)architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly...（2015新課標全國卷Ⅲ）解析：設空處修飾名詞architects，故填natural(天生的）。