第一篇：口譯英漢對照

The instant messaging craze began in America about five or six years ago when I was in my freshman year of college.美國興起在線實時信息傳遞的狂熱大約始于五、六年前，那時我剛上大學。

At first I didn’t know what it was about.But it didn’t take long before I was hooked on instant messaging.I began talking on line whenever I could.開始我對什么是網上聊天還一無所知，但我很快就明白了，沒多久就對網上聊天著了迷，只要有時間我就網上聊天。

AsI added more and more people to my “buddy list”, others were doing the same.Instant messaging really picked up, and soon “everyone was doing it.”

那時我剛上大學當我把越來越多的人加到我的“網友名單”上時，其他人也在做同樣的事。網上聊天真是越來越普遍，很快就“人人為之”了。

I credit my typing skills to many many hours of talking on line.Unfortunately, as my typing speed increased, my grammar went out the window.我的打字技能應歸功于長時間的網上聊天。然而令人遺憾的是，當我的打字速度提高后，一切語法規則也丟掉了。

You see, instant messengers have their own shorthand language.Grammar isn't important.要知道，網上聊天有他們自己的速記語言，語法并不重要。Gradually the instant messaging craze in America died down a bit, and so did my own enthusiasm for it.Then I came to China.漸漸地，網上聊天的狂熱在美國降了溫，之后我就來到了中國。Here I discovered not one but two instant messaging crazes.The first, which brought back memories of my previous addiction to the computer, was QQ.So now the cycle has started again.在這里，我發現對在線實時信息的狂熱不是一種而是兩種，第一種就是QQ，它讓我回想起當年的癡迷。因此，那個循環又重新開始了。In addition to QQ, there is another, perhaps more widespread, messaging trend.You guessed it: cellphone text messaging.For the first few months of my stay in China, I didn't have a cellphone, so I wasn't affected.在QQ之外，還有一種恐怕是更為流行的快速傳遞信息的潮流，你一定猜到了—手機短信。

I recently bought one, however, and now understand how useful text messaging is and why it is so common.我在中國的頭幾個月沒有手機，也就與之沒有關聯。但最近我買了一個手機，才知道了手機短信是多么有用，以及其廣為流行的原因。I admit that I have been guilty of sending text messages while walking outside or sitting on the subway.Who hasn't? 我承認當我走在外面或坐在地鐵里發送短信息時有點不好意思，但有誰不這樣做？

No matter where I go, I see people on their cellphones, messaging.In fact, it's rare to see someone actually talking on their phone!

無論我走到哪兒，都能看到人們在手機上收發短信。實際上，倒是很少看到誰拿著手機在講話。

So it looks as if there's no escaping the instant-messaging craze, no matter where I go in the world.看來，無論我走到世界的什么地方，都無法逃避實時信息傳遞的狂熱。And that's plainly not going to change.顯然，這個潮流不會改變。

In the end, though, I can't complain: instant messaging is quick, it's cheap, it's easy and it's pretty darn fun too.And abve all, everybody is doing it.然而，最終我并不對此抱怨。因為實時信息傳遞又快又便宜，又簡單又非常有趣。再說了，每個人都在這么做啊。

對于全世界的華人來說，農歷新年，又稱春節，是全年最重要的喜慶節日。

To people of Chinese descent around the world, the Lunar New Year(also called Spring Festival)is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year.這個華人傳統源自大約3，000年前，它代表著舊的一年平安過去了，人們準備大肆慶祝和迎接新的一年。

Dating back 3,000 years, it celebrates the passing of a peaceful year and welcome the new one.除夕夜的團圓飯是整個年頭里最具有意義的一餐。所有大家庭的成員都會聚集一堂，遠在他鄉的也會盡量趕回來。

The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year’s Eve, is de rigueur, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year.Even the absent members will endeavor to return home in time for it.團圓飯顯示了家庭在華人文化里的重要地位，它可以增強家庭凝聚力。

It undercores the superme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aims at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.人們慶祝新年的方式，體現了兩個重要的核心價值觀。The way people celebrate the New Year embodies two important core values.首先，多代同堂的家庭成員，齊聚家中享受一頓豐盛的團圓飯，是每一個人都會遵守的習慣。

The first value is the sense of family togetherness;members of multi-generation families are all there to have a big reunion dinner.Everyone will follow this custom.準備一頓豐富晚餐的工作當然是落在家中女成員的身上，比較富裕的家庭則可能有傭人幫忙。

The female members are always held responsible for preparing the dinner, and some rich families may take on extra hands.其次，親戚朋友間也會興高采烈互訪。這樣的歡慶方式，有助于加強親情和友情。

The second value lies in the happy visits mutually made between friends and relatives, a good way to strengthen kinship and friendship.然而，經濟的發展帶來了人們生活方式的改變。

However, economic development has resulted in some changes in lifestyles.忙碌了一年，人們不愿在過年的時候還要忙年夜飯，越來越多的人寧愿花錢在高級的餐館吃，親朋好友之間也不再登門拜訪，代之以電話、短信拜年。

After a busy year people are tired of preparing for the reunion dinner, and would rather hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs.The festival door-to-door visits have give way to greetings via telephone or text messages.有的舉家出游，甚至干脆住進酒店“避年”，避免親戚朋友造訪，圖個清凈。

Some families even go to extremes as to travel and seek temporary refuge in a hotel as to avoid being visited.有的傳統人士認為，沒有了團圓飯和親戚朋友互訪的習俗和它們所代表的核心價值觀，新年將失去意義。

Some tradition-minded people regard the reunion dinner and visits to relatives and close friends during the New Year as core values, without which the holiday would lose much of its significance.有一些悲觀的人士認為隨著西方文化的不斷入侵，中國的傳統佳節都在逐漸失去本來的意義，變成一個個商業性的節日，就像圣誕節一樣。

Some pessimistics contend that, as the popularity of western culture grows, Chinese traditional festivals gradually lose their original meaning and degenerate into commerce festivals like Christmas.春節是中華文化遺產的重要部分，新春活動將延續下去，慶祝的形式雖然會和以前不一樣，但他們代表的核心價值觀，即對親情和友情的重視則應該保留。

The Spring Festival is an important part of the Chinese cultural heritage, and it would continue to be celebrated.The modes of celebration may change, but the core value should be sustained that of respect for kinship and friendship.de rigueur: means required , standard custom.It makes better sense than to say “ it’s the most important meal in the year.” 顯示：to show, to reflect, or to underscore.圖個清靜：to have the peace of mind, to escape from the crowd 傳統人士：conservative or tradition-minded people 慶祝的形式/方式：modes of celebration, ways of celebration 4.3

第二篇：英漢對照

autozero

自穩零 ： 自動歸零模式

application [,?pli'kei??n]

n.應用；申請；應用程序；敷用

time drive

時間驅動

scan [sk?n]

n.掃描；瀏覽；審視；細看

conc

n.濃度；adj.濃縮的（等于concentrated）

inst

安裝；設置；

autosave ['?:t?useiv]

v.自動保存

Sample info

樣品信息 ；采樣信息

identity [ai'dent?ti]

n.身份；特性；代號

ordinate ['?:din?t,-neit]

n.縱座標；[數]縱線

baseline correction

基線校正

curve [k?:v]

n.曲線；曲線圖表；曲線擬合；曲線類型

intercept [,int?'sept]

vt.攔截；截斷；竊聽n.攔截；[數]截距；

number of revolution

[機] 旋轉次數；轉數；重復測定次數

response [ri'sp?ns]

n.響應；反應；回答

use exipedition calibration

利用已存的標準曲線

enter calibration edit

修改、校準標準曲線

recalibration[ri'k?li'bre??n]

n.[儀] 再校準；重新校準已存標準曲線

output ['autput, ,aut'put]

n.輸出，輸出量；產量；出產

number of samples to average

樣本數取平均數

replace [ri'pleis]

vt.取代，代替；替換，更換；

delete [di'li:t]

vt.刪除

第三篇：國家領導人演講英語口譯集錦 英漢對照

在慶祝香港回歸祖國五周年大會暨香港特別行政區第二屆政府就職典禮上的講話

中華人民共和國主席 江澤民

同胞們，朋友們：

五年前的今天，我代表中央政府，在這里宣告中國政府恢復對香港行使主權，中華人民共和國香港特別行政區正式成立。今天，我們再次聚會，隆重慶祝香港回歸祖國五周年。我代表中央政府和全國各族人民，向香港各界人士致以親切的問候！向新就任的香港特別行政區第二任行政長官董建華先生和第二屆政府主要官員、行政會議成員，表示衷心的祝賀！

香港回歸祖國以來的五年，是“一國兩制”由科學構想變為生動現實的五年，也是董建華先生領導特別行政區政府團結香港各界人士不斷克服困難、奮力前進的五年。香港回歸后不久，就遇到了亞洲金融危機的嚴重沖擊和國際經濟環境變化的不利影響。在中央政府的有力支持下，特別行政區政府沉著應對，香港各界人士攜手努力，妥善處理了一系列社會和經濟問題，保持了香港大局的穩定。今天的香港，“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、高度自治方針得到全面落實，原有的資本主義制度保持不變，廣大居民繼續以自己習慣的方式生活。香港仍然保持著自由港的特色和國際貿易、金融、航運中心的地位，繼續被公認為亞洲乃至全球最具發展活力的地區之一。事實充分證明，“一國兩制”是完全行得通的，董建華先生及其領導的特別行政區政府是具有駕馭復雜局勢的智慧和能力的，香港人是完全能夠治理好香港的。

香港回歸祖國以來的五年，也是我們在貫徹“一國兩制”方針的實踐中不斷積累經驗的五年。“一國兩制”是一項全新的事業，需要中央政府、特別行政區政府和廣大香港同胞一道實踐和探索。五年來我們所獲得的經驗和體會，歸結起來，就是在任何情況下都必須全面正確地貫徹“一國兩制”方針和香港特別行政區基本法，全力支持行政長官和特別行政區政府依法施政，切實加強香港各界人士在愛國愛港旗幟下的廣泛團結，努力保持社會的穩定和諧與經濟的繁榮發展。只要堅持這樣做，我們就一定能夠不斷克服前進道路上的各種困難，“一國兩制”事業就一定能夠取得更大成功。

從“一國兩制”構想的提出，到這一構想在香港成功地付諸實踐，經歷了一個不平凡的過程。鄧小平先生是“一國兩制”事業的奠基人，他以偉大政治家的智慧和膽略，創造性地提出了“一國兩制”的科學構想，為完成祖國和平統一大業打開了切實可行的道路。解決香港問題的中英談判，具有開創意義的香港特別行政區基本法的起草，都是在他的直接關心和指導下完成的。香港進入后過渡期，國際局勢發生了重大變化，但我們始終堅持“一國兩制”方針不動搖，有條不紊地完成了恢復對香港行使主權的各項工作，實現了香港的平穩過渡?；仡欉@段歷程，我們深感香港今天的局面來之不易。祖國的日益發展強大，是香港順利回歸和回歸后成功貫徹“一國兩制”方針的根本保障，也是保持香港社會和經濟長期穩定繁榮的堅強后盾。

現在，世界多極化和經濟全球化趨勢深入發展，科技進步日新月異，綜合國力競爭日趨激烈，國際局勢正在發生深刻的變化。我們必須適應這種新的形勢，更好地推進我國的發展。經過二十多年的改革開放和現代化建設，我們國家的綜合國力大幅度增強，人民生活總體上達到小康水平。進入新世紀，祖國內地進入了全面建設小康社會、加快推進社會主義現代化的新的發展階段，正在實施現代化建設的第三步戰略目標。我們要緊緊抓住新世紀初的戰略機遇期，與時俱進，開拓創新，繼續把改革開放和現代化建設不斷推向前進。今后五到十年，也是香港經濟和社會發展的關鍵時期。香港特別行政區政府和各界人士同樣要以與時俱進的精神，積極進取，努力創造香港更加美好的未來。這里，我想提出三點希望。

第一，希望香港各界人士更好地適應香港回歸后的發展形勢，當好香港和我們偉大祖國的主人。香港回歸一周年慶典時，我曾經說過，香港的回歸是香港歷史的一個重大轉折，每個香港人，都在經受這一歷史轉折所帶來的時代變化的檢驗。只有順應這一歷史轉折，真正認識當家作主的責任，才能以主人翁的姿態去認真謀劃香港的發展和未來。廣大香港同胞不僅是香港特別行政區的主人，也是國家的主人，應該不斷增強國家觀念和民族意識，自覺維護祖國的安全和統一，維護祖國和民族的整體利益。實現中華民族的偉大復興，最終完成祖國統一大業，是全體中華兒女的共同心愿。包括香港同胞在內的所有中國人，都應該自豪地投身這一偉大事業，努力作出無愧于祖國、無愧于民族、無愧于時代的貢獻。

第二，希望香港特別行政區行政、立法、司法機關不斷提高施政和執法水平，更好地為社會為公眾服務。要進一步落實行政主導體制，行政、立法、司法機關要按照香港特別行政區基本法的規定，各司其職，各負其責，要順應社會進步和經濟發展的要求，更好地保障香港公眾的整體利益，共同造福社會。各級公務員尤其是高層官員，都應該自覺服從和維護行政長官的領導，同心同德，進取有為。社會各界人士應該在愛國愛港的旗幟下加強團結，支持行政長官和特別行政區政府依法施政，集中力量解決好一些關系香港未來社會和經濟發展的重大問題。我相信，只要特別行政區政府同廣大香港居民和衷共濟，發揮各階層之智慧，凝聚全社會之力量，就一定能夠把香港的事情辦好。

第三，希望香港特別行政區政府和社會各界人士堅定信心，自強不息，努力開創香港經濟發展的新局面。要始終高度重視香港的經濟發展。香港經濟過去的發展，都是香港同胞把握機遇，因應外部環境，發揮自身優勢，自我調整和創新的結果。香港未來的經濟發展，也仍然要靠特別行政區政府和社會各界人士不懈探索，奮力開拓。在當前情況下，既要正視香港經濟存在的困難和問題，更要看到香港仍然擁有的許多優勢。香港具有較強的經濟實力和國際競爭力，高度自由開放的經濟體制和比較完備的法律制度，以及良好的營商環境和廣泛的國際市場聯系。尤其重要的是，香港有一支素質較高的公務員隊伍，有一大批成功的企業家和各行各業的優秀人才。這些都有利于香港在未來的競爭中贏得成功。祖國廣闊的腹地、快速發展的經濟和日益提高的國際地位，也必將為香港的發展提供得天獨厚的有利條件。中央政府將繼續支持和幫助香港恢復和發展經濟。我相信，只要香港同胞發揚長期以來艱苦創業、勇于拼搏的優良傳統，香港經濟就一定能夠不斷煥發出新的生機和活力，就始終有著光明的發展前景。

香港回歸以來，我每一次來香港，每一次與香港各界人士接觸，都感到非常親切。香港永遠是祖國的一顆璀璨明珠。我衷心希望香港發展得更好，衷心祝愿這塊土地上的所有居民生活得更加幸福美滿！

謝謝大家。

President Jiang Zemin's Speech at Hong Kong's 5th Anniversary Celebrations Dear Compatriots and Friends，Five years ago today, I declared here, on behalf of the CentralGovernment, the resumption of the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong by the Chinese Government and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China.Now we are gathered here once again to celebrate the fifth anniversary of Hong Kong's return.Let me extend, on behalf of the Central Government and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, our most cordial greetings to the people of various circles in Hong Kong and our heartfelt congratulations to Mr.Tung Chee Hwa, the newly-appointed second Chief Executive of the Hong Kong SAR, the principal officials of his second term and members of the Executive Council.The past five years since Hong Kong's return to the motherland saw “one country, two systems” being translated from a scientific concept into a vivid reality and the SAR Government under the leadership of Mr.Tung Chee Hwa making remarkable progress by closing ranks with the people in Hong Kong and overcoming one difficulty after another.Shortly after its return, Hong Kong was struck by the Asian financial crisis and some ominous turns of events in the global economy.With the strong support of the Central Government, the SAR Government took on the challenge calmly and, together with the people of all circles in Hong Kong, properly resolved a series of social and economic problems, thus maintaining the overall stability in Hong Kong.Today, the policies of “one country, two systems,” “Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong” and a high degree of autonomy have been implemented in an all-round way, and the capitalist system and thelifestyle that Hong Kong residents are accustomed to have remainedunchanged.Retaining the status as a free port and international center of trade, finance and shipping, Hong Kong continues to enjoy the reputation as one of the most dynamic regions in Asia and the world as a whole.Facts have shown convincingly that “one country, two systems” is entirely workable, that Mr.Tung Chee Hwaand the SAR Government under his leadership have the talent and ability to sit on top of complicated situations and that Hong Kongpeople are fully capable of administering Hong Kong successfully.The past five years also saw us continuously enriched with experience of implementing the policy of “one country, two systems.” “One country, two systems” is a brand new cause, which calls forjoint endeavor by the Central Government, the SAR Government and our compatriots in Hong Kong.To put in a nutshell, what we have learnt in the past five years is that the policy of “one country, two systems” and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong SAR must be implemented in a comprehensive and accurate manner under any circumstances, that full support must be given to the Chief Executive and the SAR Government in their administration under thelaw, and that effective efforts must be made to strengthen the broad-based unity of the Hong Kong people under the banner of loving the country and loving Hong Kong, and to maintain a stable and harmonious society and a prosperous and growing economy in Hong Kong.As long as we persist in so doing, we will surely surmount all difficulties on the road to progress and the cause of“one country, two systems” will surely achieve even greater successes.From its inception to its successful implementation in Hong Kong, the concept of “one country, two systems” went through an extraordinary process.Mr.Deng Xiaoping was the founder of this great cause.In a display of the wisdom, creativeness and bold vision of a towering statesman, he laid down this scientific concept and thus blazed a feasible way for the peaceful reunification of the motherland.It was under his personal attention and direct guidance that the China-UK negotiations on the settlement of the Hong Kong question and the drafting of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, which was of a trail-blazing significance, were brought to fruition.In the face of major changes in the international situation as Hong Kong entered the latter half of the transitional period, we persisted with the policy of “one country, two systems,” systematically went about various preparations for the resumption of exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and achieved a smooth transition.In reviewing this process, we feel all the more strongly that what has become of Hong Kong today has not come by easily.Indeed, it is the growing prosperity of the motherland that ensured the smooth return of Hong Kong and its successful implementation of “one country, two systems” thereafter.It also provides a reliable backing for the long-term social stability andeconomic prosperity in Hong Kong.At present, the trends towards a multi-polar world and economicglobalization are developing in greater depth.With rapid advancement of science and technology and increasingly fierce competition in countries' overall national strength, the international situation is undergoing certain profound changes.Wemust adapt ourselves to such new circumstances and do still a better job in promoting our national development.Thanks to two decades of reforms, opening-up and modernization drive, China's overall national strength has increased substantially and the Chinese people on the whole have enjoyed a comfortable living standard.In the new century, China's mainland has entered into a new stage of development, a stage of building a well-off society across the country and expediting the socialist modernization while fulfilling the third-phase strategic objectives of our modernization program.We must firmly grasp the strategic opportunity at the early 21st century, keep abreast with the timesand press ahead with continued reform, opening-up and modernization.The next five to ten years are crucial for Hong Kong's economic and social development.The Hong Kong SAR government and the people of all circles are therefore required toalso keep abreast with the times, work hard and bring about an even better future for Hong Kong.To this end, I would like to express a few hopes.First, I hope the people of all circles in Hong Kong will do still a better job in adapting themselves to the new Hong Kong after 1997 and become better masters of Hong Kong, and of our great motherland too.At the first anniversary of Hong Kong's return, I said that this important turn of history had put every Hong Kong compatriot to a test, and only those who could comply with the historical changes and had a genuine understanding of their new responsibilities could seriously get down to the shapingof Hong Kong's future role as masters of their own house.Our HongKong compatriots are not only masters of the Hong Kong SAR, but also of the country.They should, therefore, keep enhancing their sense of the country and of the nation, make conscious efforts to safeguard the security and unification of the motherland and endeavor to defend its overall interests.The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the eventual reunification of the motherland is the common aspiration of all Chinese.Everyone, including our Hong Kong compatriots, should devote oneself to thislofty cause with contributions that will make the country, the nation and the times really proud.Second, I hope the executive, legislative and judicial bodies of the Hong Kong SAR will constantly improve their job performanceso as to provide better services to the public and society.The executive-led structure should be further strengthened.The executive, legislative and judicial offices should go about their respective terms of references in accordance with the Basic Law, and do a better job in ensuring the overall interests of the Hong Kong citizens and serving the Hong Kong society by following the demand for social progress and economic development.Civil servants at all levels, especially ranking officials, should conscientiously submit themselves to and support the leadership ofthe Chief Executive, work with one heart and strive to achieve fresh successes.People from all walks of life should close ranks under the banner of loving the country and loving Hong Kong, support the work of the Chief Executive and the SAR government andget to grips with solving some major issues bearing on the future social and economic development in Hong Kong.I am confident that as long as the SAR government and Hong Kong residents could work together, giving full play to the talent of all social sectors while pooling the strength of the entire Hong Kong society, they will surely succeed in taking good care of Hong Kong.Third, I hope the SAR Government and the Hong Kong people in general will strengthen their confidence and work persistently towards a new economic landscape in Hong Kong.It is always important to watch Hong Kong's economy closely.Hong Kong's past economic successes were the results of Hong Kong people's ability to adjust and innovate, to seize the opportunities and to adapt tochanging external environment while putting their own advantages to the best use.Hong Kong's future economic successes will still require the unremitting exploration and hard work of the SAR Government and the people of all circles.Given the current circumstances, it is all the more important not to lose sight of the main advantages of Hong Kong while acknowledging its current economic difficulties and problems.With a fairly strong economy and considerable competitive edge, Hong Kong is well-known in the world for its highly open and free economic structure, a fairly complete legal system, a sound business environment and extensive links with the world markets.What is more, Hong Kong has a contingent of high-quality civil servants, large numbers of successful entrepreneurs and an array of professional talents.Allthis will contribute to Hong Kong's successes in future competitions.The vast hinterland of China, its rapidly growing economy and rising international stature will also provide Hong Kong with highly favorable conditions for its development.The Central Government will continue to support and help Hong Kong in its economic recovery and development.I am confident that as longas our Hong Kong compatriots carry forward their fine traditions of courage, industry and enterprise, Hong Kong's economy will retain its famed dynamism and be always blessed with a bright future.Ever since Hong Kong's return to the motherland, I have always felt an intense warmth every time I visited Hong Kong or met with personages from Hong Kong.Hong Kong is forever a shinning pearl of our motherland.Let me wish her an even better future, and all the residents here a happier and more successful life!

Thank you all.中國代表團團長、外交部長唐家璇在第五十七屆聯大一般性辯論上的講話

主席先生：

請允許我對你榮任本屆聯大主席表示衷心的祝賀。相信你會在廣大會員國的支持下，出色完成所擔負的使命。同時，我對韓升洙先生在擔任上屆聯大主席期間所作的貢獻表示感謝。

借此機會，我對瑞士聯邦加入聯合國表示祝賀，對東帝汶民主共和國即將加入聯合國表示歡迎。

主席先生，本屆聯大開幕,正值“9·11”事件一周年。一年來，各國人民通力合作，國際反恐斗爭取得積極進展，有力地打擊了國際恐怖主義勢力。此時此刻，我們不僅應深入思考如何鏟除恐怖主義這一國際公害，還應從更寬廣的視角，審視人類面臨的安全問題，尋求實現世界持久和平與普遍安全的有效途徑。

當前，國際安全形勢正在發生深刻變化：

安全的內涵不斷擴大。由領土、資源、民族矛盾等因素引發的軍事對抗與沖突尚未消除，以恐怖主義為代表的各種非傳統安全問題又日見突出。安全問題不再是單純的軍事問題，已經涉及政治、經濟、金融、科技、文化等諸多領域。

安全已不再是“零和”游戲。安全的共性明顯增強。各國的共同安全利益上升，相互依存加深。

安全的手段需要更新。單一的軍事手段不足以應對紛繁復雜的安全挑戰。濫用武力只會使世界更不安寧。

在新形勢下，維護安全要有新觀念。我們提倡樹立以互信、互利、平等、協作為核心的新安全觀。

互信，是指超越意識形態和社會制度異同，摒棄冷戰思維和強權政治心態，互不猜疑，互不敵視。各國應經常就各自安全防務政策以及重大行動展開對話與相互通報。

互利，是指順應全球化趨勢發展的客觀要求，各國應在維護本國利益的同時，互相尊重對方的安全利益，在實現自身安全利益的同時，為對方安全創造條件，實現共同安全。

平等，是指國家無論大小強弱，都是國際社會的一員，應相互尊重，平等相待，不干涉別國內政，推動國際關系的民主化。

協作，是指以和平談判的方式解決爭端，并就共同關心的安全問題進行廣泛深入的合作，消除隱患，防止戰爭和沖突的發生。

總之，新安全觀的宗旨是，通過對話增進相互信任，通過合作促進共同安全。

正是本著新安全觀的精神，中國努力推動地區安全對話合作機制的建設，高度重視并積極參與上海合作組織和東盟地區論壇，和本地區國家一道，致力于建立一個對話而非對抗的亞太安全框架。

中國積極推進國際軍控、裁軍與防擴散進程，支持在普遍參與和非歧視性的基礎上，鞏固和加強國際防擴散機制。最近，中國政府頒布了《導彈及相關物項和技術出口管制條例》以及管制清單，出口管理工作法制化建設邁出新的一步。在不久的將來，中國政府還將進一步完善生物及化學兩用品的出口管理體制。中國支持國際社會采取有效措施，防止外空武器化的危險。

新安全觀是可行的，有效的。我們呼吁國際社會就此達成廣泛的共識，積極開展對話與合作，共同解決當前的重大安全問題：

－－我們要繼續推進國際反恐合作，從根本上抑制國際恐怖主義的威脅。

反恐應遵循國際法和國際關系的基本準則，發揮聯合國和安理會的主導作用；應實行綜合治理，消除滋生恐怖主義的根源。要防止任意擴大打擊范圍，同時堅決打擊一切證據確鑿的恐怖勢力，包括接受塔利班和“基地”組織訓練、武裝和資助的“東突”恐怖組織等，不讓恐怖分子再有逞兇的機會。

－－我們要進一步促進對話與和解，推動地區熱點問題的解決。

我們對以巴暴力沖突深表關注。中國支持巴勒斯坦人民恢復合法民族權利、建立自己國家的正義事業，支持聯合國安理會有關決議和“土地換和平”原則。我們反對針對無辜平民的暴力活動，不贊成以暴易暴。巴勒斯坦人民和以色列人民都有在和平中生活的權利，彼此和平共處才能求得真正的安全。

我們主張政治解決伊拉克問題。聯合國在此問題上應發揮重要作用。伊拉克應當認真、嚴格地執行安理會的有關決議。

我們希望印度和巴基斯坦兩國在相互尊重和平等的基礎上早日恢復對話，以和平方式解決包括克什米爾問題在內的所有分歧。

我們對近一年來阿富汗局勢的積極發展感到高興。中國愿同國際社會一道，為阿富汗的持久和平與戰后重建作出建設性努力。我們支持聯合國在這方面發揮重要作用。

－－我們要加強不同文明之間的交流與對話，防止文明對抗或沖突的發生。

世界文明豐富多采，多樣化的文明之間存在差異，這是人類社會的一個基本特征。無視文明多樣性的客觀現實，挑動不同文明之間的敵視和對立，與當前和平與發展的時代要求格格不入。企圖在全世界推行一種觀念、一種文化，否定各國的獨特傳統和自主選擇，與國際關系民主化的潮流背道而馳。

文明的差異不是世界沖突的根源，而是世界融合的起點。人類對客觀世界和自身的認識發展到今天，理應以寬廣的胸懷和開闊的視野善待不同文明的成果，在尊重差異的基礎上推動交流。以兼容代替排斥，以對話代替對抗，以融合代替沖突，相互取長補短，實現共同發展。唯有如此，世界才會有和平與安寧，人類文明才能走向更加輝煌的未來。

主席先生，和平與發展相輔相成。世界的持久和平與普遍安全，只能建立在國際社會共同繁榮的基礎上。今天人類面臨的種種問題，追根溯源，大都離不開發展問題。我們要應對這些挑戰，最重要的是靠發展。

一年來，聯合國就發展問題舉行了一系列重要會議，回顧了二十世紀九十年代以來聯合國各項發展倡議的執行情況，提出了今后的行動綱領。特別是本月初閉幕的可持續發展世界首腦會議，制定了國際社會實現可持續發展的新的路線圖?，F在需要的是把規劃和承諾落到實處。

一年來，區域經濟合作繼續呈現良好勢頭，成為各國在全球化背景下協作互補、共同發展的有效途徑。我們對非洲聯盟的成立尤其感到欣喜，相信非洲人民必將在發展的道路上邁出新的歷史性步伐。

當前，推動發展的因素更加活躍。現代科技日新月異，給人類社會的進步提供了新的強大動力。經濟全球化深入發展，使各國各地區都面對不進則退的選擇，參與國際競爭、加快自身發展的要求與日俱增。

我們面臨的發展任務更加緊迫。世界財富增加、貧富差距卻在擴大的情況亟待改變。金融風險加劇、經濟社會動蕩頻仍的情況亟待改變。經濟發展與資源、環境的矛盾日益尖銳的情況亟待改變。國際秩序和規則不能公平反映發展中國家需求的情況亟待改變。人類共同發展的目標，還遠遠沒有實現。

在新形勢下，實現發展要有新思路。我們主張：

－－建立面向發展的全球伙伴關系。各國政府、國際組織、跨國企業、民間團體，都是參與人類發展事業的一方，應當為落實聯合國千年發展目標并肩行動。南方與北方之間，受援國與國際援助機構之間，應是互利互惠、平等合作的伙伴關系。今天對發展中國家的援助，就是對人類共同未來的投資。當前世界經濟增長放慢，發展中國家遇到的困難增多，發達國家應在金融、貿易、技術轉讓和發展援助等方面幫助它們排憂解難，并加快落實減債承諾。新一輪多邊貿易談判應該成為建立新型伙伴關系的重要契機。

－－推動經濟全球化的均衡、穩定發展。任憑市場法則主導全球化，不利于全球經濟的健康發展。國際社會有必要改革國際經濟規則，加強對全球化進程的引導和管理，在追求效率的同時兼顧公正，降低風險，引導全球化朝著有利于各國共贏、共存的方向前進。

－－增強發展中國家自我發展的能力。發展中國家需要從本國國情出發，選擇適合自身的發展道路。要把發展置于優先的地位，在保持穩定的同時，積極推動改革與開放，利用一切有利的國際條件，努力跟上世界經濟發展的潮流。國際社會應尊重發展中國家自主選擇發展道路的權利，并且在機制建設、人員培訓、競爭力開發等領域提供幫助。

－－堅持走可持續發展的道路。經濟發展必須有利于資源的永續利用，有利于生態系統的良性循環。我們應當推進經濟與人口、資源、環境的協調發展，實現經濟效益、社會效益與環境效益的有機結合。要加強國際合作，將解決各國面臨的問題和解決全球環境問題結合起來，共同推進人類的可持續發展事業。

－－促進人的全面發展。人類進步事業的出發點和最終歸宿，都在于人的全面發展。人力資源是推進科技進步，實現經濟和社會發展的第一資源。各國在制定發展戰略時，應當奉行以人為本、人民受益的原則，以全面提高人的素質、改善人民物質文化生活為目標。

聯合國在維護世界和平、實現普遍安全、促進共同發展方面具有不可替代的作用?！堵摵蠂鴳椪隆返淖谥己驮瓌t有著強大的生命力。我們應當充分發揮聯合國的作用，推進國際關系民主化，努力爭取人類光明的未來。

主席先生，不久，中國共產黨將召開新世紀的第一次代表大會－－第十六次全國代表大會。這次大會將以與時俱進的精神，站在時代潮流的前列，為加快中國社會主義現代化建設勾畫新的藍圖。

我們的指導思想是始終代表中國先進生產力的發展要求，代表中國先進文化的前進方向，代表中國最廣大人民的根本利益。

我們的歷史任務是推進現代化建設、完成祖國統一、維護世界和平與促進共同發展。

新世紀的頭一、二十年，對中國來說，是發展的重要戰略機遇期。我們要把發展作為第一要務，抓住機遇，深化改革，擴大開放，促進發展，保持穩定。

我們將提出發展的新思路，取得改革的新突破，實現開放的新局面。

我們將繼續推進市場取向的改革，調整和完善所有制結構，進一步解放和發展生產力。

我們將注重依靠科技進步和加強管理，提高經濟增長質量；注重實施可持續發展戰略；注重地區、城鄉協調發展和社會全面進步。

我們將把加入世界貿易組織作為新的起點，在更大范圍、更廣領域、更高層次上參與國際經濟技術合作和競爭，拓展經濟發展空間，全面提高對外開放水平。

我們將發展社會主義物質文明，建設社會主義政治文明，弘揚社會主義精神文明。

我們將繼續奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策，在和平共處五項原則的基礎上，積極發展與世界各國的友好合作關系。我們將繼續致力于世界持久和平與各國共同發展，推動國際對話與合作，為國際秩序更加公正合理作出建設性的貢獻。

主席先生，世界上只有一個中國，大陸和臺灣同屬一個中國，中國的主權和領土完整不容分割。實現國家統一，是我們堅定不移的立場和不懈奮斗的目標。

1995年1月，江澤民主席就現階段發展兩岸關系、推進祖國和平統一進程提出八項重要主張。從那時以來，兩岸經貿關系迅速發展，人員來往日益增加。兩岸人民、海外炎黃子孫，以及世界上所有對中國人民懷有善意的人們，都為我們長期努力的成果感到欣慰，為中國和平統一的前景感到鼓舞。

然而，臺灣當局卻想方設法阻撓兩岸關系的發展，“臺獨”勢力在分裂的道路上越走越遠。近來，臺灣當局領導人公然把兩岸關系歪曲為“一邊一國”，這充分暴露了其頑固堅持“臺獨” 立場的真面目，是對包括臺灣同胞在內的全體中國人民的公然挑釁，也是對國際社會公認的一個中國原則的公然挑釁。

求和平、求發展、求安定，希望改善和發展兩岸關系，是臺灣的主流民意。臺灣當局領導人罔顧民意，鼓吹“臺獨”，把極少數頑固“臺獨”分子的圖謀強加給廣大臺灣人民，是將臺灣引向災難，是對兩岸人民安全與福祉的最大威脅，也是亞太地區和平與穩定的破壞因素。

中國政府堅持“和平統一、一國兩制” 的基本方針，致力于推進兩岸經貿合作和人員往來。我們堅決反對任何“臺獨” 活動，決不允許任何人以任何方式把臺灣從中國分裂出去。一切“臺獨” 行徑都注定要失敗。中國的統一大業一定能夠完成。

謝謝。

Statement by H.E.Tang Jiaxuan, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, and Head of the Chinese Delegation, at the General Debate of the 57th Session of the United Nations Gener

Mr.President，First of all, please allow me to offer my warmest congratulations on your assumption of the Presidency of current Session of the United Nations General Assembly.I am confident that with the support of the broad members of this great organization, you will fulfill your mandate with flying colors.At the same time, I wish to express my gratitude to Mr.Han Seung-soo for the contributions he made as the President of the last session of the UN General Assembly.Also, I wish to take this opportunity to congratulate the Swiss Confederation on its accession to the United Nations and welcome the Democratic Republic of East Timor who will soon become a UN member.Mr.President，The opening of this UNGA Session coincides with the first anniversary of the September 11th incident.Thanks to the vigorous cooperation among the people of various countries over the past year, the international campaign against terrorism has made positive headway, dealing heavy blows to the forces of terror around the world.We have come to the moment when we should not only ponder on ways to eradicate the global scourge of terrorism, but take a broader view of the security issue facing mankind and seek more effective ways to achieve lasting peace and universal security in the world.At present, the international security situation is undergoing profound changes.Security has begun to take on wider connotations.While military antagonism and conflicts triggered by territorial, resources, ethnic and other disputes remain unremoved, a variety of non-traditional security concerns represented by terrorism have become increasingly prominent.Security is no longer a pure military concern.It has permeated politics, economy, finance, science, technology, culture and many more areas.Security is no longer a zero-sum game.Its mutuality is obviously on the increase as countries have come to share more in their security interests and feel a greater sense of interdependence.There needs to be an overhaul in our tools to achieve security.Military means alone has proved inadequate in meeting massive and complicated security challenges.Indiscriminate use of force can only lead to greater trouble in our world.The new situation calls for new ideas in safeguarding security.We in China stand for a new security concept which features mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and cooperation.By mutual trust, we mean that countries should rise above their differing ideologies and social systems, abandon the Cold-War mentality and power politics mindset, and refrain from misgivings and hostility against each other.Instead, they should go in for frequent dialogues and briefings on their security and defense policies or the major actions they are about to take.By mutual benefit, we mean that a country, in keeping with the objective requirements of the development of globalization, should respect the security interests of others while pursuing the interests of its own, help create conditions for the better security of others while making itself more secure, thus achieving universal security.By equality, we mean that every country, big or small, strong or weak, is a member of the international community.All countries should respect each other, treat each other as equals and refrain from interfering in each other's internal affairs, so that international relations will become more democratized.By cooperation, we mean that countries should resolve their disputes through peaceful negotiations, carry out extensive and deep-going cooperation on their shared security concerns and help eliminate hidden dangers and prevent wars and conflicts from happening.All in all, our new security concept is aimed at increasing mutual trust through dialogue and promoting common security through cooperation.It is in the spirit of this new security concept that we in China have been working hard to promote the mechanisms for regional security dialogue and cooperation, cherishing and actively participating in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the ASEAN Regional Forum and endeavoring, together with other countries in the region, for the establishment of an Asia-Pacific security framework geared to dialogue, rather than confrontation.China is actively committed to international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation process and supports the consolidation and strengthening of international non-proliferation regimes on the basis of universal participation and non-discrimination.Not long ago, the Chinese Government promulgated the Regulations on Export Controls of Missiles and Related Items and Technologies and its Control List, which marked a fresh step forward in bringing about rule of law in our export control work.The Chinese Government will complete further improvement on its export management mechanisms for biological and chemical dual-use items in the near future.China supports the international community in taking effective measures to prevent the dangerous trend of weaponization in outer space.Our new security concept is both workable and effective.We call upon the international community to reach a broad consensus thereon and jointly tackle the major security concerns of the day through vigorous dialogue and cooperation.We should press ahead with international cooperation against terrorism and check the threat of international terrorism once and for all.Counter-terrorism should be pursued on the basis of international law and norms governing international relations, allowing the UN and its Security Council to play a leading role.It should follow a comprehensive approach with focus on eliminating the root causes of terrorism.Efforts should be made to prevent the arbitrary enlargement of the scope of counter-terrorism campaign, but proven terrorist forces, including the East Turkestan terrorist forces which have been trained, armed and bankrolled by the Taliban and Al Qaeda, must be resolutely stamped out, denying them any opportunity to wreak havoc of society again.We should step up dialogue and reconciliation and facilitate settlement of regional hotspots.We are deeply concerned about rising violence in Israel-Palestine conflict.China supports the Palestinian people in their just cause to regain legitimate national rights and establish their own state.We support the relevant UN Security Council resolutions and the principle of land for peace.We are opposed to violence targeted at innocent civilians and reject trading violence with violence.Both the Palestinian and the Israeli people have the right to live in peace, and genuine security can only be achieved through peaceful coexistence.We stand for a political settlement of the Iraqi issue.The United Nations should play an important role in this regard.Iraq should implement the relevant Security Councuil resolutions in a faithful and strict manner.We hope that India and Pakistan will soon resume dialogue on the basis of equality and mutual respect and resolve all their differences, including that over Kashmir, through peaceful means.We rejoice at the positive developments in Afghanistan over the past year or so.China is ready to join the international community in working constructively for lasting peace in Afghanistan and its post-war rehabilitation.We support the UN in playing its important role in this regard.We should strengthen exchanges and dialogues among different civilizations and keep them from coming into conflict or confrontation.Our world is home to rich, colorful and diverse civilizations, which differ from one another.And such diversity is a basic characteristic of humanity.To ignore this objective fact, or to stir up hatred and confrontation among different civilizations is inconsistent with the requirements of our times for peace and development.Trying to impose on the world only one idea and one culture while denying the unique traditions and independent choices of various countries runs counter to the tide of democratization of international relations.Different civilizations do not cause conflicts in the world, rather, they provide a starting point for a more integrated global village.Mankind has come a long way in getting to know itself and the planet it inhabits.We have every reason to treat the achievements of the various civilizations kindly with an open mind and a broad vision, and promote exchanges among them on the basis of respect for diversity.Let exclusion be replaced by tolerance, confrontation by dialogue, conflict by integration.Every one is encouraged to draw upon the strength of others with a view to realizing common development.This, in our view, is the only way to a peaceful and tranquil world, a way that gives all human civilizations a more rewarding future.Mr.President，Peace and development go hand in hand.Lasting peace and universal security can only be achieved on the basis of common prosperity in the entire international community.Many a problem we face today may have its roots found in the area of development.In coping with these challenges, it is all the more important to look to development for answers.In the past year, the UN has held a series of important meetings on development, which reviewed the implementation of the various UN initiatives for development since the 1990s and put forward programs of action for the future.In particular, the World Summit on Sustainable Development which ended earlier this month laid down a new roadmap for the international community's endeavor at sustainable development.What is needed right now is to translate the programs and commitments into reality.In the past year, regional economic cooperation has continued to show a sound momentum

and

become

an

effective

channel

for mutually-complementary cooperation and common development by countries against the backdrop of globalization.We feel especially happy about the launching of the African Union, convinced that the people of Africa will take fresh historical strides on the road to development.At present factors making for greater development are all the more active.Thanks to rapidly advancing science and technology, new and more powerful driving force has been made available for human progress.With the surging economic globalization, countries and regions are all faced with a choice: forging ahead or being driven back.Their desire to accelerate development through greater participation in international competition has never been stronger.Our tasks of development have become more pressing.The situation where greater world wealth is accompanied by a widening wealth gap, must be reversed.The state of higher financial risks and frequent economic and social volatility must be redressed.The sharpening clashes between economic development on the one hand and resources and environment on the other must be allayed.The international order and the rules of the game, which cannot fairly reflect the needs of developing countries, must be changed.The goal of common development for the entire human community remains largely elusive.The new situation calls for new lines of thinking.Our propositions are as follows:

Establishing a global partnership geared to development.Governments, international organizations, transnational corporations, and non-governmental groups are all parties to the cause of development and should work together for the implementation of the UN's millennium development goals.Between the South and the North, the aid recipient countries and international aid institutions, there should be a partnership characterized by mutual benefit, equality and cooperation.Assisting the developing countries today is to invest in the common destiny of all human beings.With the global economic slow-down, the developing countries are sustaining greater difficulties.The developed countries ought to lend them a helping hand in such areas as finance, trade, technology transfer and development aid and make good on their debt relief promises without delay.The new round of multilateral trade talks should be seized as an important opportunity for forging such a new partnership.Promoting a balanced and steady development of economic globalization.It would not be in the interest of a sound world economy if the laws of the marketplace were given a free rein to dominate globalization.The international community needs to reform the current rules in the world economy, strengthen guidance and management of the globalization process, take account of fairness and reduce risks while seeking efficiency, and steer globalization in an “all-win” direction of coexistence.Strengthening developing countries' capacity for self-development.The developing countries should opt for a development path suited to their own national conditions.Always giving top priority to development, they can carry out reforms and opening-up while preserving stability and use every possible international condition in their favor to catch up with the tide of global economic development.The international community should respect the right of the developing countries to independently choose a development path and provide them with assistance in areas such as institution building, personnel training and competitiveness development.Persisting in the course of sustainable development.Economic development must be able to serve sustainable exploitation of resources and a virtuous cycle of the ecosystem.We should promote a balanced development of the economy, population, resources and environment with a view to an organic integration of the economic returns, social well-being and environmental benefits.We should step up international cooperation, combine efforts to address environmental problems of individual countries with those to tackle global concerns, and promote the cause of sustainable development of mankind with our concerted endeavor.Enhancing an all-round development of the people.Both the starting point and the ultimate goal of human progress lie in the all-round development of the people.Human resource is the primary resource in advancing science and technology and in realizing economic and social development.In formulating development strategies, countries should make the people their top priority and the main beneficiary, bearing in mind the goals of comprehensive enhancement of people's quality and constant improvement of their material and cultural life.The United Nations plays an irreplaceable role in safeguarding world peace, ensuring universal security and promoting common development.The purposes and principles of the UN Charter have a strong and abiding staying power.We should give full play to the role of this world body, promote a democratized pattern of international relations and spare no effort in the quest for a bright future of mankind.Mr.President，The Communist Party of China(CPC)will soon hold its 16th National Congress, the very first in the new century.Standing in the forefront of the historical tide and displaying a spirit of progressing with the times, this Party Congress will draw out a new blueprint for accelerating socialist modernization in China.Our guiding thought is to consistently represent the development requirements of China's advanced productive forces, represent the orientation of China's advanced culture, and represent the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people.Our historical mission is to accelerate the modernization drive, complete the reunification of the motherland, to maintain world peace and promote common development.The first 10 to 20 years of this century present China an important strategic window of opportunity for its development.While taking development as our No.1 priority, we must grasp the opportunities, deepen reform, open the country still wider to the outside world, promote development and maintain stability.We will put forth new ideas for development, make fresh breakthroughs in our reform and bring about a new situation in our openness to the outside.We will press ahead with our market-oriented reforms, readjust and improve the structure of the ownership system, and further emancipate and develop the productive forces.We will focus on higher quality of economic growth through science and technology upgrading and improved management, stress the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development, and attach importance to a balanced approach to development among different regions and between urban and rural areas, with a view to promoting the all-round progress of society.We will take our WTO membership as a fresh start, take part in international economic and technical cooperation and competition in a more sophisticated fashion in more areas, and expand the scope of our economic development by comprehensively raising the level of our openness to the outside.We will develop a socialist material civilization, cultivate a socialist political civilization and carry forward a socialist spiritual civilization.We will continue to pursue an independent foreign policy of peace and actively develop friendly relations and cooperation with all countries in the world on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence.We will dedicate ourselves to lasting world peace and common development of all countries and facilitate international dialogue and cooperation, thus contributing constructively to a fairer and more equitable international order.Mr.President，There is but one China in the world.Both the mainland and Taiwan belong to that one China and China's sovereignty and territorial integrity brooks no division.Achieving national reunification is our unswerving stance and a goal of our unrelenting efforts.In January 1995, President Jiang Zemin made an eight-point proposal on how to develop cross-Straits relations and promote a peaceful reunification of the motherland for the current stage.Since then, cross-Straits trade and economic ties have grown rapidly with personnel exchanges increasing with each passing day.The people on both sides of the Straits, the overseas Chinese communities and all those around the world who wish the Chinese people well are reassured by the achievements of our long-standing efforts and encouraged by the prospects of China's peaceful reunification.However, the Taiwan authorities have gone out of their way to block the development of cross-Straits relations as the forces for “Taiwan independence” lurched further down the separatist road.A few weeks ago, the leader of the Taiwan authorities flagrantly described the state of cross-Straits relations as “one country on each side”, which revealed his true colors as someone who obstinately clings to “Taiwan independence”.This is an open provocation not only against the entire Chinese people, our Taiwan compatriots included, but also against the one China principle universally recognized by the international community.The mainstream public opinion in Taiwan features peace, development, tranquility and better and closer ties with the mainland.The leader of the Taiwan authorities, however, has turned his back on the public opinion, and by preaching “Taiwan independence” and imposing the design of the handful of separatist diehards on the Taiwan people, he will lead Taiwan to disaster.This represents the biggest threat to the security and welfare of the people on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, and also a disruptive factor to peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region.Adhering to the basic policy of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems”, the Chinese Government has worked hard to promote cross-Straits trade, economic cooperation, and personnel exchanges.We are firm in our opposition to all forms of “Taiwan independence” activities, and will tolerate no one to separate Taiwan from the rest of China in any fashion.All acts of “Taiwan independence” are doomed to failure and our grand cause of national reunification will triumph.Thank you.在可持續發展世界首腦會議圓桌會議上的講話

（中華人民共和國國務院總理 朱镕基）

主席先生：

今天，我很高興有機會與各位一起，共同探討世界可持續發展領域的問題。各位剛才的發言充滿智慧，深受啟發。如何使這次會議的行動計劃和大家的承諾真正落實，不僅直接關系到本次會議的成效，更關系到人類社會的未來發展。

中國作為世界上人口最多、國土面積最大的發展中國家，高度重視可持續發展問題。我們在處理經濟發展與人口、資源、環境的關系方面，有以下幾點體會：

――堅持經濟發展與資源、環境保護相協調。作為發展中國家，首要的任務是發展經濟，消除貧困。經濟不發展，人民生活改善和環境治理就沒有物質基礎。但發展經濟絕不能以破壞環境、浪費資源為代價。不注重資源、環境保護，經濟不可能實現持續發展。

――堅持以人為本的發展道路。發展經濟、保護環境，都要著眼于提高人民生活水平和質量，著眼于人的全面發展和長遠發展。要努力開創生產發展、生活富裕、生態良好的文明發展道路。

――堅持依靠科技進步和加強管理。科學技術特別是高新技術，是可持續發展的強有力支撐。要圍繞增強可持續發展能力，不斷增加科技投入，加強環境基礎設施建設，采用清潔生產工藝，發展環保產業，完善資源和環境管理體系。通過改革體制，完善機制，健全法制，推動可持續發展戰略的有效實施。

――堅持積極參與環境與發展國際合作。當今世界，一個國家的經濟發展和環境保護，離不開國際交流與合作。通過開展雙邊、多邊的國際環境合作，一方面承擔責任，履行承諾；另一方面，可以引進資金、先進技術和管理經驗，增強本國可持續發展能力。

主席先生，實現全球可持續發展，是世界各國的共同任務。發達國家和發展中國家都應承擔義務，但發達國家負有更大的責任。全球可持續發展戰略能否得到實施，相當程度上取決與里約環發大會確定的?共同但有區別的責任?原則的落實情況。過去十年，在這方面既有進展，也有挫折，有些承諾沒有得到認真履行。中國政府認為，國際社會應繼續以這一原則為指導，爭取在環境與發展領域的國際合作方面取得更大進展。我們呼吁：

（一）加強發展中國家可持續發展能力建設。國際社會應積極支持發展中國家走自主發展道路，以各國的多樣化發展，推動全球可持續發展戰略的實現。發達國家應在解決本國環境問題的同時，向發展中國家提供技術咨詢、人員培訓、機制建設等方面的幫助。教育在促進可持續發展方面具有極其重要的作用，國際社會應采取有效行動，幫助發展中國家提高教育發展水平，以增強公眾的可持續發展意識和素質。

（二）多渠道動員各種資金用于可持續發展。充足的資金是各國執行《21世紀議程》的必要條件。發展中國家受到經濟發展水平的制約，資金短缺。我們希望發達國家在提供資金和技術轉讓方面采取有效行動，兌現承諾。今年初，在蒙特雷召開的國際發展籌資會議，在向發展中國家提供資金援助問題上取得了可喜進展。希望聯合國和有關國際機構加強協調，確保這次籌資會議的成果得到落實。

（三）大力推進國際科技與貿易合作。發展中國家擴大出口貿易，有利于提高經濟發展水平更好地保護環境。應改變目前以保護環境為借口、限制發展中國家產品出口的現象。要充分理解發展中國家在貿易、技術轉讓等領域面臨的困難，消除貿易和技術壁壘。

主席先生，實施可持續發展戰略，涉及經濟、社會發展和人口、資源、環境的諸多領域。我們應該真誠合作，講求時效，做好各項工作。特別是要優先解決廣大發展中國家所關心的貧困饑餓、水源短缺、城市空氣污染、水土流失、能源和健康等問題，國際社會應理解和支持發展中國家在這些問題上的合理要求。這樣，也才能夠最終實現全球可持續發展的目標。

謝謝主席先生。

Speech by H.E.Zhu Rongji, Premier of the State Council of The People's Republic of China at Round Table of World Summit on Sustainable Development

Mr.Chairman，Today I am delighted to be with you here to discuss issues relating to global sustainable development.The speeches of previous speakers were full of wisdom and most enlightening.The question of how to implement the plan of action of this summit and to honor our commitments in real earnest bears not only directly on the success of the summit, but even more on the future of human society.As the world's largest developing country in terms of population and land area, China attaches great importance to sustainable development.In handling the relations between economic development and population, resources and environment, we have learned the following from experience:

----Emphasis on harmony between economic development and resource and environmental protection.The primary task of developing countries is to develop the economy and eradicate poverty.Without economic growth, there would be no material basis for a better life or better environment for the people.But economic growth must not be achieved at the cost of environment or resources.In the absence of proper resource and environmental protection, there could be no sustainable economic development.----Adherence to the road to human-oriented development.Economic development and environmental protection are both aimed at improving the level and quality of people's life and ensuring an all-round and long-term development of human beings.We should strive to find a civilized road to development featuring higher productivity, a well-to-do life and sound ecosystem.----Continued reliance on scientific and technological advancement and stronger management.Science and technology, hi-tech in particular, gives strong backing to sustainable development.We should focus on enhancing our capacity for sustainable development, further increase our input in science and technology, intensify our efforts in the development of environmental infrastructure, apply clean manufacturing technology, develop the industry of environmental protection and improve the resource and environment management system.We should improve the mechanisms and the legal system through institutional reforms so as to facilitate the effective implementation of sustainable development strategies.----Continued active participation in international environment and development cooperation.In today's world, a country could not fully ensure its economic development and environmental protection without international exchanges and cooperation.Through bilateral and multilateral cooperation in environment across the world, it could introduce capital, advanced technology and managerial expertise to enhance its capacity for sustainable development, while assuming responsibilities and honoring commitments.Mr.Chairman，To realize global sustainable development is a common task for all countries.Both developed and developing countries should undertake obligations.However, developed countries should shoulder greater responsibilities.The implementation of the global sustainable development strategies hinges, to a considerable extent, upon the materialization of the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” set forth at the Rio Conference(UNCED).In the past decade, there have been both progress and setbacks in this regard.Some commitments have not been honored in earnest.The Chinese Government maintains that the international community should strive to make greater headway in international cooperation on environment and development under the continued guidance of this principle.Now we wish to make the following appeal:

1.Efforts should be made to enhance the capacity building of developing countries for sustainable development.The international community should vigorously support their efforts in taking their own road to development, so that the diversified development of countries will help realize global sustainable development strategies.Developed countries, while resolving their own domestic environmental problems, should assist developing countries in such areas as technical consultancy, personnel training and mechanism building.As education plays a vital role in promoting sustainable development, the international community should take effective action to help developing countries improve their level of education so as to enhance the awareness and the quality of the general public with regard to sustainable development.2.Multiple channels should be utilized to raise funds of all kinds for sustainable development.Adequate financial resources are a prerequisite for the implementation of Agenda 21 by various countries.Constrained by their level of economic development, developing countries lack financial resources.We hope that developed countries will honor their commitments by taking effective action in respect of financing and technology transfer.At the International Conference on Financing for Development held in Monterrey early this year, gratifying progress was made on the question of giving financial assistance to developing countries.It is hoped that the UN and other relevant international agencies will step up coordination and ensure the materialization of what was achieved at the conference.3.Great efforts should be made to boost international cooperation in science and technology as well as trade.More exports from developing countries will help spur economic development and lead to better protection of the environment.It is imperative to remove restrictions currently imposed on exports from developing countries under the pretext of environmental protection.It is essential to fully understand the difficulties facing developing countries in such fields as trade and technology transfer and to remove trade and technical barriers.Mr.Chairman，To carry out the strategy of sustainable development involves the economy, social development, population, resources, environment and many other fields.We should cooperate with one another in all sincerity, stress practical results and do a good job in every sector of work.Above all, we should give priority to resolving such issues as poverty, hunger, shortage of water resources, urban air pollution, soil erosion, energy and health, which are of concern to the vast number of developing countries.The international community should understand and support the reasonable requests of developing countries on these issues.Otherwise it would be impossible to ultimately achieve the goal of global sustainable development.Thank you, Mr.Chairman.唐家璇外長在中國與東盟對話會議上的講話

（斯里巴加灣）

尊敬的哈桑外長閣下，尊敬的賀南洪外長閣下，各位同事：

很高興再次出席中國與東盟對話會議。中國與東盟對話進程自1991年開始以來，見證了雙方關系的迅速發展，也為增進雙方友好與合作做出了應有的貢獻。

東盟各國與中國山水相連、隔海相望，我們同屬發展中國家，都面臨發展經濟的共同使命。發展與東盟各國的睦鄰友好合作，維護穩定的周邊環境，是中國外交的重要立足點之一。中國政府也高度重視發展與東盟組織的關系，始終不渝地支持東盟的發展。一個團結、穩定和繁榮的東盟不僅符合東盟自身的利益，也符合中國和整個地區的利益。我們高興地看到，在經歷金融危機以來的一系列打擊后，東盟組織再次煥發出活力。

經過我們雙方多年的共同努力，中國與東盟關系已經步入穩定發展的成熟階段。尤其是過去的一年，雙方關系保持快速發展勢頭，并取得突破性進展，與此同時，中國與東盟合作的地區效應也明顯擴大，成為推進東亞合作的一條主線。但無論從雙方發展的實際需要看，還是從適應國際和地區形勢的新發展看，我們都有必要進一步提升雙方政治關系，充分挖掘經貿領域潛力，并進一步拓展新的合作領域，從而使中國與東盟關系富有更廣泛而深遠的意義。

一、加強政治互信，促進睦鄰友好。

一年來，中國國家主席江澤民、全國人大常務委員會委員長李鵬、國務院總理朱镕基、國家副主席胡錦濤分別出訪東盟一些國家，10余位東盟領導人相繼訪問中國。這些互訪和接觸加深了相互理解與信任，為開展全方位合作，促進中國與東盟關系的發展創造了有利的政治環境。

今年是東盟成立35周年，我們支持并贊賞東盟長期奉行的《東南亞友好合作條約》的宗旨和原則，正在積極研究加入該條約的法律程序。中國對加入《東南亞無核武器區條約》繼續持積極態度。中國與東盟已就?南海地區行為準則?進行了四輪磋商，取得了一些積極進展。對目前仍然存在的問題，中方的態度是靈活的，也是開放的，愿與有關各方進行對話和磋商。相信在有關各方的共同努力下，雙方能盡早就此達成一致。

二、以建設自貿區為契機，全面深化經濟合作。

自去年11月雙方領導人宣布就建立自貿區達成共識后，工作層磋商已于今年5月開始。自由貿易區建設產生了明顯的促進效應，有力地推動了雙方經貿合作的發展，帶動了各種形式自貿區的探討。今年上半年，雙方貿易額達到235.5億美元，比去年同期增長18.7％。雙方相互投資也大幅增加。

中國與東盟自貿區對我們雙方來說，都是一件具有歷史性意義的大事。需要我們超越談判中的具體問題，從雙方關系的全局和長遠發展出發，予以全力支持。

三、充分發揮各自優勢，加強發展合作。中國與東盟關系的發展，有賴各自的發展和繁榮，也需要我們加強對各自發展戰略的支持。因此，中國支持東盟一體化進程，支持東盟縮小內部發展差距。中國已宣布向老、柬、緬三國提供特別優惠關稅待遇，我們希望在印尼召開的?東盟一體化發展合作論壇?能取得成功。同時，中國也在實施?西部大開發?戰略和?走出去?戰略，我們也希望東盟積極參與和配合。

四、進一步加強在地區和國際事務上的協調。隨著中國與東盟關系的地區影響日益明顯，雙方在地區合作上的協調更顯重要。中國支持東盟在東盟地區論壇（ARF）、東盟與中日韓（10＋3）等機制中繼續發揮重要作用，愿與東盟共同努力，推動這些機制順利向前發展。我們贊賞東盟在反恐方面采取的一系列措施，愿和東盟加強包括反恐在內的打擊跨國犯罪合作。中國加入世貿組織后，我們雙方還可以在推動建立公正合理的世界貿易體制和國際經濟秩序方面進一步加強合作。

－－確定重點合作領域推動了雙方合作不斷深化。去年底，雙方領導人將農業、信息通訊、人力資源開發和湄公河合作開發等確定為新世紀初的重點合作領域，為這些領域的合作帶來新的活力。農業中長期合作備忘錄將于今年簽署，信息產業合作正在跟上，其他領域的合作也在蓬勃開展。

－－新的機制為雙方合作提供了堅實支撐。中國與東盟商務理事會于去年11月成立，雙語商務網站已正式開通，為雙方工貿企業合作提供了指導和便利。去年是中方向中國與東盟合作基金增資500萬美元后的第一年，基金資助落實了10個合作項目，是雙方建立全面對話伙伴關系以來落實合作項目最多的一年。

各位同事，在此，我愿就此談幾點想法：

今年底，第六次中國與東盟領導人會議將在柬埔寨金邊舉行。這是推動中國與東盟關系邁出新步伐的又一次契機。為使會議取得新的成果，我希望雙方共同努力，爭取在以下三個方面達成共識：一是正式啟動自貿區談判。我們希望雙方能于9月前完成中國-東盟全面經濟合作框架協議，為領導人會議正式啟動雙方自貿談判打下基礎。二是全面啟動湄公河流域開發與合作。我們應以年底大湄公河次區域領導人會議為契機，全面規劃雙方在湄公河流域的合作。三是全面啟動非傳統安全領域的機制化合作。中國愿在馬、菲、印尼簽署的打擊跨國犯罪合作協定的基礎上，與東盟開展有效合作。

過去一年，中國經濟繼續保持快速健康發展，國內生產總值增長7.3%，達到1.16萬億美元。外匯儲備2122億美元，外貿進出口總額突破5000億美元。今年上半年，中國經濟增長率達到7.8%，進出口總額2707.1億美元，同比增長12.3%。我們對全年實現7%的經濟增長目標充滿信心。中國的發展是對亞洲和世界的貢獻。作為中國的鄰國和重要的貿易與投資伙伴，東盟將首先從中國的發展中獲益。中國的發展不是挑戰，更不是威脅，而是新的發展機遇。中國愿與東盟在互利共贏的基礎上，加強全方位合作，促進雙方關系更上新臺階。

謝謝！

Speech by Foreign Minister Tang Jiaxuan at the ASEAN-China Dialogue

(Bandar Seri Begawan)

Dear Colleagues:

It is a delight for me to attend the ASEAN-China Dialogue once again.Since its launch in 1991, the China-ASEAN dialogue process has witnessed the rapid development of our bilateral relations and made its due contribution to the enhanced friendship and cooperation.The past year has seen profound changes in international and regional situation as well as rapid growth of China's relations with ASEAN countries.There have been constant exchanges of high level visits, markedly increased mutual trust in the political arena and continuously strengthened economic cooperation and trade.Despite volatility in the international economic environment as a result of the financial crisis in 1997, the bilateral trade volume between China and ASEAN countries has maintained an average annual growth rate of 15%.Our bilateral trade volume in the first half of this year reached 23.55 billion US dollars, representing an increase of 18.7% over the same period of the previous year.Galvanized by the growth of bilateral ties, China's overall relationship with ASEAN has attained a new momentum of development.At the China-ASEAN summit held at the end of last year, the two sides reached important consensus on establishing a free trade area within the next 10 years and made agriculture, ICT, human resources development and the development of Mekong River Basin their key areas of cooperation at the beginning of the new century.Last year marked the first year after China's appropriation of an additional 5-million US dollars to the China-ASEAN Cooperation Fund.As a result, 10 new projects of cooperation got implemented, representing a record-breaking increase.The establishment of China-ASEAN Business Council has also added a new mechanism of cooperation.All these have not only further substantiated China-ASEAN Partnership of Good Neighborliness and Mutual Trust, but have also testified to the huge potential and bright future of China-ASEAN cooperation.Now, I wish to share with you my views on how to keep the momentum of development of China-ASEAN ties and further expand and deepen our cooperation this year so as to better cope with the changed situation:

1.To comprehensively launch the negotiations on the free trade area to promote economic relations and trade between the two sides.Negotiations between China and ASEAN on the free trade area began at the working level in May this year.Two rounds of negotiations have already been held and the third round is currently underway in Thailand.Generally speaking, the negotiations have been progressing smoothly.For both China and ASEAN, such negotiations are the first ever in history.It is thus only natural that difficulties and problems might occur in their process.The establishment of the free trade area is a major political decision made by the leaders of our two sides which bears directly on the overall interests of China-ASEAN relationship and long-term interests of both sides.It can also serve as a role model for promoting cooperation in East Asia, it is therefore imperative that our two sides give it full support to ensure a smooth launch of the negotiations.I am confident that as long as the two sides follow the principle of equality and mutual benefit and adopt an attitude of mutual understanding and accommodation, we will be able to solve various problems in the negations and lay a solid foundation for the signing of Framework Agreement on China-ASEAN Comprehensive Economic Cooperation at the Summit at the end of this year as well as for the formal launch of free trade area negotiations at the beginning of next year.2.To comprehensively launch the development of the Mekong River Basin to promote ASEAN integration.The development of Mekong River Basin is one of the key areas of cooperation between China and ASEAN at the beginning of the new century.The first summit meeting of the Great Mekong Sub-region to be held by the end of this year will map out mid-term and long-term plans for the all-round development of the region.The Chinese side is working hard together with various parties concerned for the success of this meeting.China has been committed to the integral and comprehensive development of the Mekong River Basin, and cooperation in the upper Mekong River will not be carried out at the cost of the countries in the lower reaches.The Chinese side has vigorously supported and participated in the ASEAN integration process.Last year, we announced special preferential tariff treatment towards Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar.We support the construction of Kunming-Bangkok highway and Kunming-Singapore railway.We wish the Initiative for ASEAN Integration Development Cooperation Forum to be held in Indonesia next month a success.3.To comprehensively launch the cooperation in non-traditional security areas to deepen China-ASEAN relations.China's cooperation with ASEAN in non-traditional security areas has already got off to a good start.The two sides established a cooperation mechanism on fighting illegal drugs in October 2000.China, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand held a four-state ministerial meeting on fighting illegal drugs in Beijing in August 2001 and issued the Beijing Declaration.China is taking an active part in the AIDS control and prevention program in the Mekong River Basin and will host an AIDS Lab Networking Construction training course for ASEAN countries.Non-traditional security issues such as terrorism are becoming all the more pronounced after September 11, posing a real threat to regional and international security.It is thus imperative that China and ASEAN step up our cooperation in this regard.We appreciate the joint statement on fighting terrorism issued at last year's ASEAN summit and support the Agreement on Information Exchange and Establishment of Communication Procedures among the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia.All these demonstrate the resolve of countries in this region to brave the challenges of non-traditional security problems.The Chinese side is ready to carry out concrete cooperation with ASEAN on combating transnational crimes on the basis of these statement and agreement.At the present stage, it is necessary to focus on effective intelligence exchange mechanism and exchange and training of law-enforcement officials.To push for an all-round China-ASEAN cooperation, cooperation should also be expanded in other areas.This year, we will enter into memorandum of understanding on medium-and long-term agricultural cooperation.The MOU on the cooperation in the field of information industry is also being discussed.Moreover, our two sides boast huge cooperation potential in such fields as transportation and communication and tourism.Besides Mekong River development, the Chinese side wishes to take an active part in other sub-regional cooperation programs within ASEAN, for instance, in the East ASEAN Growth Area.Dear Colleagues，Deepened cooperation should be based on mutual trust in the political field.The Chinese side supports and appreciates the purposes and principles enshrined in the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia which has long been followed by ASEAN.Right now, we are actively looking into the legal procedures on acceding to the Treaty.We continue to be positive on joining the Treaty on Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon Free Zone.Four rounds of negotiations have been held between China and ASEAN on the Code of Conduct in the South China Sea, yielding positive progress.We hope that further progress will lead to an early consensus between the two sides.Next, please allow me to brief you on China's development.In the past year, China's economy maintained a rapid and sound growth, with an increase of 7.3% of its GDP that reached 1.16 trillion US dollars.Our foreign exchange reserve amounted to 212.2 billion US dollars and total foreign trade volume exceeded 500 billion US dollars.China's membership in the WTO added new vitality to its development.In the first half of this year, the growth rate of China's economy reached 7.8% and its foreign trade volume totaled 270.71 billion US dollars, representing an increase of 12.3% over the same period of last year.We have every confidence of attaining the goal of a 7% economic growth rate for this year.China's development is not only its intrinsic need, it also contributes to the development in Asia and the world at large.As a neighbor and trade and investment partner of China, ASEAN will be the first to benefit from China's growth.Some leaders of ASEAN member states have acknowledged China's economic achievement and its contribution to the regional economy in their recent statements, emphasizing that China's growth means new development opportunities instead of challenges.We appreciate these remarks.China is prepared to strengthen its multi-dimensional cooperation with ASEAN on the basis of mutual benefit and win for all so as to bring our bilateral ties to a new high.Thank you!

Mayor Xu Kuangdi Discusses Shanghai's Growth

上海市長徐匡迪在財富論壇上就上海的發展的講話

Distinguished Participants and Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, It is a great honor for Shanghai to be chosen by the FORTUNE Global Forum as the venue for its annual meeting and to have so many CEOs of renowned international corporations, important personages from the political circles, specialists and scholars at this grand meeting.Here I would like to extend, on behalf of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government and the 13 million local citizens, warm welcome to all the distinguished guests present.The FORTUNE Global Forum is holding this annual meeting in Shanghai at a time when the People's Republic of China jubilantly celebrates her 50th anniversary.Over the past half a century, earth-shaking changes have taken place in this country under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.As a member of the big family of the socialist motherland, Shanghai has also scored brilliant achievements in its development.Since the start of reform and opening up, in particular, Shanghai has, seizing the historical opportunity of Pudong development and opening up and with great enthusiasm and in the spirit of seeking truth, being pragmatic and being bold in making innovations, made exploration in the establishment of a new system of socialist market economy and quickened its pace of building infrastructure.It has made firm steps toward its goal of becoming a modern economic center.Now, please allow me to brief you on the development of Shanghai since the start of the 1990's.Sustained Rapid Economic Growth.Shanghai's GDP growth averaged 12.6 % annually from 1992 to 1998 and it is expected to hit 10% this year.In 1998, the city realized a GDP of 368.8 billion yuan, with per capita exceeding 3,400 USD, calculated at the current exchange rate.Stronger Service Sectors.The tertiary industry with finance, commerce, trade, transportation, communications and real estate as its major sectors is fast rising, which is a powerful driving force behind the economic growth of the city.Today, the industry contributes equally with the secondary industry to the economic growth and in terms of the size of work force employed the two are also about the same.The import and export through the port of Shanghai accounts for about one fifth of the nation's total.There are 2, 450 financial institutions in the city, of which 62 are foreign ones and among them 19 are engaged in RMB business with approval.And the city is a major trading center now, where a number of markets including securities, foreign exchange, technology and metals have taken shape and their business operations cover all parts of the country.Fundamental Change in Economic Operational Mechanism.The era characterized by a highly centralized economy has ended following unremitting efforts of exploration in the course of reform.Today, the enterprises in Shanghai are fully independent producers and operators on the market and the prices of 97% of the industrial products, agricultural products and means of production are set by the market.The social security system embracing old-age pension, unemployment and medical care with a coverage of 98% has been established.Housing commercialization has picked up pace, with over one fourth of the residents owning their housing now.All these testify to the fact that a new economic operational mechanism of allocating resources through the market has taken shape.Remarkable Improvement in Infrastructure.The city put in a total investment of 240 billion yuan in urban infrastructure in the twenty years from 1979 to 1998, about 40 times that of the previous 30 years combined.Over 90% of this investment was made in the last eight years.A full-scale renovation of the old urban districts has been going on and a large number of municipal works, public facilities, transportation and communications equipment have been put up.A vertical transportation network in downtown Shanghai comprised of elevated roads and elevated, ground and underground rail lines has taken shape.A modern communications network covering the whole city and linking other parts of the country and overseas has been built, while large-scale construction of an information port is under way.The port handles 10,000 TEU a day and planning on a new deepwater port is in full swing.And the first phase of the Pudong International Airport has been completed and put into operation.Further Opening to Foreign Countries and Regions.Businessmen from over 80 countries and regions had invested in nearly 20,000 projects in the city by the end of June this year, with total contracted capital coming to 37 billion USD.A large number of famous transnationals have chosen Shanghai to be their base for developing market in China.Of the top 100 industrial corporations in the world, 59 have invested in Shanghai.The Pudong New Area, after 10 years of development now, is home to a big number of domestic and foreign financial institutions, foreign trade companies and high-tech projects.The decade of the 1990s has been a period witnessing most brilliant achievements in development in the history of the city.The people of Shanghai cherish full confidence in the future of their city.At present, we are drawing up a blueprint for a new round of development.We plan to use 10 years' time to lay a solid foundation for turning our city into an international economic center.To realize this goal, we will make vigorous efforts in the following five areas.Speeding up Pudong Development and Expanding Opening to the Outside World.The State has recently introduced policies on expanding opening in the service and trade sectors, allowing the foreign banks in Pudong doing RMB business on a trial basis to extend their business to the two adjacent provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang.Shanghai will grasp firmly this opportunity to further improve its investment and service environment and fully bring into play the function of the Lujiazui Financial and Trade Zone in Pudong to extend service and business to more areas.It will also attract more domestic and foreign financial institutions, regional headquarters of international corporations, investment companies and high-tech enterprises to Pudong.Accelerating the Building of a Mechanism of Innovation and Improving the Ability at Technological Innovation.Shanghai is one of the cities of China with a concentration of universities and scientific research institutions.In pursuing technological innovation, we will strive to give play to this edge.We will create a policy environment encouraging enterprises and individuals to go in for scientific and technological innovation and establish and improve a market mechanism of integrating the enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions so as to increase the city's power of technological innovation.Stimulating Consumption and Promoting Steady Economic Growth.The Central Government has introduced a series of policies designed to stimulate consumer demand since early this year.Shanghai is earnestly implementing these policies.We believe that such measures as increasing the residents' income, improving the social security systems, speeding up the upgrading of industries and expanding consumer credit in housing, educational, and tourist consumption will surely promote consumption and ensure a virtuous circle of the economy.Intensifying the Reform of State-owned Enterprises(SOEs)and Improving the Modern Enterprise System.The just-concluded Fourth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has pointed out the direction for the reform and development of the SOEs.Shanghai will continue to improve and standardize the reform of incorporation of the SOEs, encourage diversified investment and establish and improve the modern enterprise system in an effort to increase the competitive power of the SOEs on the market and the strategic realignment of assets through the market.It will also speed up the training of a contingent of highly qualified managers.Stepping up Environmental Treatment and Pursuing Sustainable Development.Shanghai will firmly carry out a strategy of sustainable development and steadily improve the environment of the city.The Municipal Government has recently made a solemn commitment to all the residents that it will step up its efforts at environmental protection and construction to bring about a distinct change in the quality of the environment in three years time.We will carry out the realignment and treatment of rivers with stress laid on the comprehensive treatment of the Suzhou Creek in an effort to markedly improve the water environment.We will optimize the energy structure and control the discharge of tail gas of motor vehicles to improve the atmospheric environment.We will also build at a faster pace large green patches to increase the green coverage of the city.Although we are faced with an arduous task of improving the environment, we firmly believe that our objectives will be met.Ladies and Gentlemen, Shanghai belongs to China and also to the world.I am pleased that many international business leaders present have already invested in Shanghai.We hope that our successful cooperation so far will lead to more cooperation between us in the future.We warmly welcome foreign businessmen with global perspectives and strategic vision to invest in Shanghai and participate in the development of Pudong.Let us work together to create a magnificent future.In conclusion, I wish the annual meeting a complete success and all the participants a pleasant stay in Shanghai.Thank you.

第四篇：江南大學中級口譯教程(英漢對照)

中級口譯（英漢對照）

2-3宴會招待

Ladies and gentlemen, good evening.It’s my great pleasure to host the banquet in honor of our dear friends and dedicated experts, and celebrate the successful conclusion of our talk.In particular, I’d like to thank Ms.Kelland for coming.Without her last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I’m afraid.各位，晚上好，今天我們在此舉辦晚宴，招待各位親愛的朋友和敬業的專家，慶賀我們的會談取得圓滿成功，我感到非常高興。我特別感謝凱蘭女士大駕光臨。沒有凱蘭女士的最后努力，還不知道現在會怎樣呢，恐怕我們還在談判之中。

Thank you, President Li.You all did very well.I just contributed my share.We all maneuver successfully to get our job done, so to speak.Well, ladies and gentlemen, are we carrying out another round of talk over the dinner? 謝謝李總，你們都做得很好，我只是盡了自己的責任?？梢哉f我們每個人都成功的是我們的使命得以完成。

No more business talks today.I propose we limit our talk to friendship tonight.And of course, we’ll delight ourselves completely in the food that Mother Nature grants us.今天不談生意，我建議今晚我們只敘友情，當然，我們要盡情享受大自然賜予我們的食物。That’s great, the delicious Chinese food!I can’t wait to enjoy your food.What are we expecting tonight? 太好了，可口的中國菜，我等不及了。今晚我們有什么好吃的？

Tonight we have prepared a typical Shanghai meal.I hope you will like it.今晚我們準備了典型的上海餐，希望各位喜歡。

Yes, eat in Shanghai as Shanghai people eat.But, to be frank, I’ve heard of the famous Cantonese food, Sichuan food, Shandong food, but not that much of Shanghai food.What’s special about Shanghai cuisine? 是的，在上海就該吃上海菜。不過，恕我直言，我只聽說過名聲顯赫的粵菜、川菜和魯菜，對上海菜不太了解

Shanghai cuisine, usually called Benbang cuisine, is the youngest among the major regional cuisine in China, with a history of more than 400 years.Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Bnebang cuisine takes “color、aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements.It’s featured by the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.上海菜系是中國最年輕的地方菜系，通常被稱為“本幫菜”，有著400多年的歷史。同中國其它菜系一樣，“本幫菜”具有“色、香、味”三大要素，特點是注重調料的使用、食物的質地和菜的原汁原味。

It sounds very appetizing.聽起來很能引起食欲

I’d like to recommend a special snack known as Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings and a special dish called “Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish’.Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings are small in size, with thin translucent wrappers, filled inside with ground pork and rich tasty soup.The Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish is yellow-colored and squirrel-shaped with a crispy skin and tender meat, all covered with a sweet and sour sauce.They are absolutely tasters’ choice.I bet you will like it.我推薦一道特色點心“南翔小籠”和一道特色菜“松鼠桂魚”?！澳舷栊』\”是豬肉餡，個小味美，皮薄汁醇。松鼠桂魚色澤黃亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而肉柔嫩，湯汁酸甜適口。絕對沒錯，你一定喜歡。

Oh，I suppose they are the perfect combination of the three elements “color、aroma、taste”.Especially the Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish.I can’t figure out how the chef makes the dish look like a squirrel.Shall we add ”appearance” to your judgement criteria? 哦，我想它們的確是色香味三要素的完美結合。尤其是松鼠桂魚，我想不出來廚師是怎樣把菜做得像個松鼠的。我們在三個評價標準上再添上“形”吧。

Absolutely right, plus appearance – that makes the four element.Ok, here we are.Please help yourself to the dishes.完全正確，可以再加上形，那我們就有了第四大要素。菜上來了，別客氣，請隨意。The dinner is so delicious.The dishes are complete with color, aroma, taste and appearance.Thank you very much for your invitation and hospitality.I hope I haven’t missed anything, have I? 味道太可口了，這些菜的色香味形都很好。謝謝你們的盛情宴請和款待。我希望沒有漏掉什么好吃的吧？

I’m very glad that you like the dishes.But this is just the beginning of the dinner.We have more surprises to expect.Ladies and gentlemen, I consider it a great honor to have you all here for this wonderful time of the year.Let us drink to the health of Ms.Kelland.很高興您喜歡這里的菜。晚宴才開場，好戲還在后頭呢。女士們，先生們，各位能夠賞光來此共度一年中的這個美好時光，我感到非常榮幸。讓我們共同舉杯，敬祝凱蘭女士健康。And toast to the health of President Li and to the health of everybody here.Cheers!也祝李總身體健康，祝在座的各位身體健康。干杯！

為我們永久的友誼和合作，干杯！To our lasting friendship and cooperation, Cheers!3-4文化差異

Mr.Roberts, you have been living in China for two years.How do you like it? 羅伯茨先生，您在中國生活兩年了，還習慣吧？

I think I’ m quite used to my Chinese life here.Actually I’m thinking about settling down in China for good.我想我已經十分習慣這里的升生活了，其實我還想在中國永久定居呢

I saw two American Movies a few days ago,one is entitled American Beauty and the other is Life of PI.前幾天我看了前幾天我看了兩部美國電影，一部叫美國麗人，一部叫少年派的奇幻漂流。I like Life of PI so much,particularly about how to conquer fear.I saw it a second time.Fear is life’s only true opponent.Only fear can defeat life.It is a clever,treacherous adversary.It repects no law and convention,shows no mercy.It goes for your weakness spot which it finds with unerring ease.我喜歡少年派的奇幻漂流，特別是關戰勝恐懼的道理，之后我又看了一遍?？謶质巧钗ㄒ徽嬲膶κ郑驗橹挥锌謶植拍艽驍∩??？謶质墙器镂ｋU的敵人，它無視法規也毫不留情。它輕易的就能找到你的軟肋。并發起進攻。

Fear begins in your mind.The movie also tells us that of every unfolding we experience takes us further along in life,then,we are truely experiencing what life is offering.What about American Beauty? 恐懼是源于你的內心，這部電影還告訴我們，如果我們在人生中經歷的每一次轉變都能使我們走的更遠，那么我們就體會到了生活真正想讓我們體會到的。I didn’t quite get the story.I dont quiet understand why the movie won the Oscar for the best picture of the year, either.Maybe the answer is the difference between the Chinese and American cultures.Or rather, it is due to the culture difference between the East and the West.我沒有完全看懂，我也不知道這部電影為何獲得了當年的奧斯卡最佳影片獎。沒有完全看懂可能是中美兩國的文化差異吧，或者叫做東西方文化差異。

This is a good topic and a broad topic, too.Let me talk a bit more about the film you mentioned.Actually, I have noticed a very interesting difference between many Chinese and American in understanding the title of the film.這是一個很好也是一個很大的話題。我想先從你提到的電影談起。事實上，我注意到許多中國人和美國人在理解此片名時有一個非常有趣的差別。Yes? 是嗎? In some Oriental countries, the translation of the film’s title goes as something like A Beautiful American Lady, or even Beauty is Guilty.While to most of the Americans, I’m afraid the reaction toward this title is mixed or confused, for they cannot decide what exactly the phrase might indicate.The film first and foremost refers to a type of rose bearing large, long-stemmed purplish-red flowers.And the flowers usually remind people of romance, love, beauty in its abstract sense, and vigor and vitality of a nation, etc.But this interesting image on the film’s poster has failed to make any sense to many Chinese viewers.一些東方國家將這部電影片名譯成《一個美麗的美國女士》，深甚至譯成《美麗有罪》。但大多數美國人對于這樣的片名反應頗為復雜，他們頗感困惑，難以斷定這些詞究竟意味著什么。其實American Beauty首先指一種美國紅玫瑰，一種生有長頸的紫紅色的大花。這種花會讓人想到浪漫、愛情、抽象意義上的美，它還表示民族的勃勃生機等。我認為，這種見于電影海報的有趣意象，許多中國觀眾卻未能理解其中的含義。

That’s right.At least I didn’t get that.Is this due to cultural differences? 你說的沒錯。至少我就沒注意到這個意思！難道這是文化差異造成的嗎？

Yes, absolutely.Such cultural differences arise from the differences in region, race, history, environment, and in the levels of economic, scientific and technological development.4 確實是這樣。這種文化差異是由地域、種族、歷史和環境的差異造成的，也是由經濟和科技水平的差異造成的。

Can you offer us some examples? For instance, during your stay in China, have you found any serious cultural differences or clashes with regard to life and work? 你能給我舉些例子嗎？比如說，你在中國的生活和工作中發現什么嚴重的文化差異或沖突嗎？ We emphasize efficiency, competition and originality while your management gives priority to careful planning and encourage close cooperation and altruistic dedication among team members.In daily contacts, we tend to be humorous and casual while some of you appear more serious and formal.In American schools, discussion is given top priority and seminar is the usual way of class.Good teachers are those who possesss flexible and adaptable talents, and are able to respond instantaneously at any moment to any questions that might arise among the students.That kind of capacity makes a popular teacher in the USA.But Chinese teachers like to lecture in class, and a lot of them are obsessed with examinations;they spend long hours planning and preparing lessons, and writing consistent and standardized teaching plans.All too often, they ‘re happy with bringing up identical and standardized talents.我們強調效率、競爭和獨創性，而你們則將嚴謹規劃放在首位，鼓勵團隊成員之間的密切合作和無私奉獻。在日常交往中，我們往往比較幽默和隨意，而你們則比較認真和嚴肅。在美國學校，討論享有至高無上的地位，討論就是課堂教學的主旋律。優秀教師具有靈活應變的才能，能隨時回答學生可能提出的各種問題。這樣的教師最受學生歡迎。而中國教師喜歡講課，喜歡考試，花許多時間去備課，編寫千篇一律的標準教案，培養整齊劃一的高材生。

I think Americans gives too much importance to individualism and personal gains, so much so that it might sacrifice collective benefits, hurt the agreeable relationship among group members and even bring harm to the harmony of the society.我感到美國人太看重個人主義，太看重個人利益，這樣可能會犧牲集體利益，影響群體之間的和睦，甚至會損害社會的和諧。

Yes , in many cases, you’re right.American working ethic seems to be more individual-oriented.We often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.Central to American political, economic and social thought is the concept of individual moral autonomy.If I’m not mistaken, traditional Chinese philosophical systems are based on Confucianism, which sings high praises for individual to uplift themselves for the benefit of communal harmony.That is, communal harmony takes precedence over individual freedom.你說得對，在很多情況下，確實如此。我們美國人的工作理念似乎更強調個人主義。我們一般重視的是結果和成就，而不是過程。美國的政治觀、經濟觀以及社會觀的核心就是個人道德自治觀。如果我沒理解錯的話，中國傳統的思想體系是以儒家學說為基礎的，這種思想強調整體和諧，強調整體和諧高于個人自由。

You may say so.I should say you’re partially correct on that.In spite of so many cultural differences, globalization has brought the world increasingly closer.Likewise, cultural exchanges have become more more extensive.可以這樣說，應該說是不分正確吧。盡管我們有如此多的文化差異，全球化浪潮正使世界變得越來越小，文化交流也隨之變得越來越廣泛。

Yes。The global integration of economy and the speeding information revolution have brought the world closer than ever before.Chinese learn English, Americans learn Chinese;we drink tea, you drink coca-cola;we exercise Kung Fu, you go to bowling;we enjoy Peking Duck, you like KFC;Titanic sailed into China, The Peony Pavilion has been performed on Broadway.Nowadays, easterners and westerners are walking side by side, talking face to face, living, working and studying in harmony.The whole world is becoming increasingly beautiful due to exchanges.是的。全球經濟一體化、不斷加速信息革命，等等，都使世界的聯系比以往更加緊密。中國人學習英語，美國人學習漢語；我們飲茶，你們喝可樂；我們練功夫，你們玩保齡球；我們品嘗北京烤鴨，你們喜歡肯德基；泰坦尼克號駛進中國，牡丹亭也在百腦匯上演了?，F在，東西方人肩并肩走，面對面交談，和諧的生活、工作和學習。整個世界由于文化的交流而變得越來越美麗。Yes, Chinese beauty and American beauty are walking together.I believe there’s still much room for further discussion on this topic.As time is limited, we have to stop here today.We’ll find some other time to continue our talk.Thank you.是的，中國歷任和美國麗人走到了一起。我想這個話題還有許多值得我們探討的地方，由于時間關系，我們今天暫且談到這里，以后我們再接著聊吧。謝謝。

My pleasure.Yes, we’ll do it some other time.不客氣。是呀，我們另找時間再接著聊吧。

4-3經營之道

Hi, Mr.Jackson.You have been working in China for three years.Can you tell us how you feel about the differences in business communication style between Chinese and American businessmen? 6 您好，杰克遜先生。你在中國已連續工作了三年，您能否談下中美兩國生意人在商務溝通方式上有何不同之處？

With pleasure.I think there are at least two differences in the way of businesspeople communication between Chinese and American businesspeople.First, Chinese businessmen tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner, as opposed to the more direct manner of American businesspeople.The Chinese take time to learn if their prospective business contacts are really reliable, for example, by inviting them to a party and socializing with them.In contrast, Americans usually act with the get-down-to-business-first mentality.Second, the decision-making process of Chinese companies is generally slow and time-consuming.This is because most Chinese companies keep to the “bottom-up, then top-down and then bottom-up” decision-making principle which involves many people at different levels.American companies, on the other hand, usually operate with quick decisions made by the top management.I hope American businesspeople in China will understand these differences in business practices and adjust to the Chinese way.我很樂意。我認為中美兩國生意人在商務溝通方式上至少有兩點不同。首先，中國人在商務談判時傾向于一種迂回婉轉的方式，而美國人則表現出一種直截了當的風格。中國人會花費時間來了解他們將要與之打交道的商人是否靠得住，例如邀請對方參加宴會，同時他們進行交流。與之相反，美國人則以公務為先的心態行事。第二，中國公司的決策過程耗時冗長。這是因為大部分中國公司遵循者一種“先自上而下、后自下而上、再自上而下”的決策原則，各個層次上的許多人士都會介入決策過程。而美國公司通常是由最高管理人士的快速決策運作。我希望在華的美國商人理解這些商務活動中的差異，適應中國人的經營之道。

The American way of doing business often strikes us Chinese as very aggressive.Were you aware of this in your collaboration With your Chinese colleagues? 美國式的經營之道在我們中國人看來往往顯得咄咄逼人。您在與中國同事的合作中有沒有注意到這一點？

Well, we are more direct and straightforward than most Chinese, I would say, due to our different cultural traditions.I notice that a lot of Chinese often avoid saying a clear “no” just to be polite.Sometimes my Chinese colleagues say “yes” not to express agreement, but only to show that they are listening.這個嘛，我我認為，由于我們有著不同的文化傳統，所以我們同大部分中國人相比，顯得較為直截了當、開門見山。我注意到許多中國人出于禮貌而經常不明確的說一聲“不”。有時我的中國同事道一聲“是”，這可布什表示贊同，只是表明他們在注意對方說話而已。

It is important for all of us to acknowledge and respect these cultural differences in order to avoid misunderstandings, isn’t it? 我們都應該承認這些文化差異，尊重這些差異，以免產生誤解，這很重要，不是嗎？ Yes, understanding these differences, I believe, will be a first step toward establishing affirm business relationship between American and Chinese companies.是的，我認為，理解這些差異是朝著在美國公司和中國公司之間建立穩固商務關系的方向邁出的第一步。

You mentioned the Chinese type of decision-making process earlier.Do you see any strength with this type of management and how do you compare it with the American type of management？

剛才您提到了中國式的決策過程，您認為這種管理模式有無優點？將其與美國式的管理模式相比，你有何看法？

I would say the American-type, or the top-down, management emphasizes efficiency, and competition among workers, while the Chinese-type management gives priority to careful planning and encourages cooperation among workers, and between workers and the management.Thus, while the American-type management often frustrates many workers, the Chinese-type management gives workers a joy of participation and fulfillment, and a sense of pride in their work.我感到美國式的自上而下的管理方式注重效率，注重員工間的競爭。而中國式的管理方式的特點就是，優先考慮周密的計劃，鼓勵員工間的合作，鼓勵員工與管理層之間的合作。因此，美國是的管理方式常常使許多員工感到沮喪，而中國式的管理方式能使員工有一種喜悅的參與感和成就感，對自己的工作抱一種自豪感。

Talking about worker’s attitude toward their work, how do the Chinese and the American differ in this respect? 談到員工的工作態度，中國人和美國人在這方面有何不同? I think most Chinese view work as essential for having membership in a community.They believe that work allows them to have the sense of belonging in a community.In other words, work is necessary for them to gain social acceptance in the society.That is why many Chinese managers and employees work so hard to maintain their positions in their companies.Also, they see work as the most important thing in life.That is, they have tried to find the meaning of life through their jobs.While the Chinese work ethic is based on social pressure and community belonging, the American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented.Traditionally, we work because it is the will of the God, and we often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.By the way, I’m very impressed by the obvious strong sense of dedication of the jobs among the older Chinese employees.我認為，大多數中國人將工作視為能使自己成為整個團體中的一分子的必不可缺的條件。中國人相信，工作是自己有了團體歸屬感。換言之，中國人為了得到社會的認可，必須工作。這就是為何許多中國經歷和員工會努力工作以保住自己在公司的職位的原因。中國人還將工作視為生活中最重要的大事。也就是說，他們想從工作中找到生活的意義。中國人的工作觀建筑在社會壓力和團體歸屬感的基礎上，而美國人的工作觀則有更強的個體取向性。我們一向認為，我們工作是秉承了上帝的意志，我們對工作成果的重視常常高于對工作過程的重視。復發is，年齡較大的中國員工對自己的工作有一種明顯的奉獻精神，我對此有很深的印象。

Returning to where we started, how do you comment on the merits and demerits of the two different approaches to business management? 回到我們一開始的話題，您如何評價中美兩種不同經營之道的利弊呢? It is difficult to decide which is better than which, because there are some merits and demerits to both types of management.My suggestion is that people of both countries should learn from each other.I will say that in recent years, the merits of the Chinese way, or rather , the Oriental way, of management are beginning to be recognized by an Oriental way of our American industries.很難判斷孰優孰劣，因為這兩種經營方式各有自己的長處與短處。我希望兩國人民應該相互學習，取長補短。應該說近年來中國人的經營方式，更確切的說是東方人的經營方式，開始為越來越多的西方人所認識。東方人的這種人情味更濃的經營方式似乎給我們美國差業界的管理人士以頗多的啟迪。

謝謝！謝謝您接受我的采訪。Thank you for sharing your time with me.5-4新的長征

詞匯部分

無與倫比、獨有的款待 incomparable hospitality 優美音樂 splendid music 融洽氣氛 congenial atmosphere

慷慨陳詞的演講 gracious and eloquent remarks

同等的尊嚴 equal dignity

不受外來干涉 free of outside interference 統治 domination 贊同 approve 抱怨 grumble 意識形態的本能 deeply rooted in the instincts of 強加 impose 評價 assess 同一種模式 in identical fashion 主席先生：

難以想象 inconceivable

彼此一致認為 see eye to eye on … 遺產 legacy 注定 destined 肆虐 plague

攀登崇高理想 rise to the heights of greatnes我謹代表我在座的所有同事，對你們那獨有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。我不僅要特別感謝為我們準備晚宴的人們，而且還要特別感謝演奏優美音樂的人們。

On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay contribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我們在中國度過了十分愉快的時光，我很高興我的訪問能在如此融洽的氣氛中結束。These have been very pleasant days in China, and I’m happy that my visit should conclude in such a congenial atmosphere.主席先生，我要感謝您那熱情洋溢、慷慨陳詞的演講。此時此刻，許多人正在通過神奇的電訊設備傾聽著我們的講話。然而，我們這里所說的話很快便會被人們遺忘。但是，我們在這里所做的事卻能改變世界。

Mr.President, I wish to thank you for your very gracious and eloquent remarks.At this very moment through the wonder of telecommunications, many people are hearing what we say today.Yet, what we say here will not be long remembered.But what we do here can change the world.所以，讓我們沿著通往共同目標的不同道路，一起開始新的長征。這個目標就是建設一個和平與正義的世界，在這個世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊嚴，所有國家不論其大小，都有權決定自己的政府形式，選擇自己的發展道路，而不受外來干涉或統治。

So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peach and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, lager or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.我國的社會制度和政治制度在許多方面都與貴國的社會制度和政治制度不同。這是我們不同的經歷和不同的傳統造成的。我們的制度并不總是帶來大家都贊同的結果。人們有時會抱怨這種制度、批評這種制度。但是這種制度根深蒂固，已成為我國人民的意識與行為本能。我們不想把自己的思想意識強加于人。我們認為，有著不同政治制度和社會制度的人們和平相處是正確而又必要的。我們沒有用同一種模式來評價當今世界的方方面面——由于我們有著截人=然不同的歷史、地理和文化，很難想象我們會對所有問題都有一只的看法——但是我們彼此一致認為，世界和平是我們的基本需求，各國決定自己的命運、規劃自己的未來也同樣使我們的基本需求。We have a social and political system which differs in many respects from your own.It is the result of different experiences and a different tradition.This system of ours does not always produce results of which we all approve.People sometimes grumble at it and criticize it.But it is a political system deeply rooted in the instincts of our people.We do not aim to impose our own ideas on other people.We believe that it is right and necessary that people with different political and social systems should live side by side.We do not assess in identical fashion all aspect of today’s world—with our distinct histories, geographies and cultures it is inconceivable that we could see eye to eye on all issues—but we do agree on the fundamental need for world peace, and the equally fundamental need for all countries to determine their own fate and design their own future.世界注視著我們，世界傾聽著我們，世界拭目以待我們的作為。

The world watches.The world listens.The world waits to see what we will do.我們要留給下一代什么遺產呢？他們是注定要痛苦地死于曾肆虐就世界的仇恨之中呢，還是一位我們曾有的締造新世界的遠見而必將要愉快地生活呢？

What legacy shall we leave our children? Are they destined to die painfully for the hatreds which have plagued the old world, or are they destined to live joyfully because we had the vision to build a new world? 時不我待，這是一個攀登崇高理想、創造更美好的新世界的時刻。

This is the hour.This is the day for us to rise to the heights of greatness which can build a new and better world.11 本著這種精神，我敬請各位與我一起舉杯，讓我們為能夠結合世界人民帶來有益與和平的我們兩國人民之間的友誼與合作而干杯。

In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peach for all peoples in the world.6-1 新春聯歡(Celebrating the Spring Festival)各位嘉賓：(Distinguished guests,)在這個美麗無比、繁星滿天的夜晚，我謹代表總經理歐陽女士，以及公司的全體同仁，感謝各位能在一年中最繁忙的季節，從百忙中撥冗光臨我們的新春聯歡晚會，并向你們表示歡迎。(On this most beautiful evening with numerous shining stars in the sky, on behalf of General Manager Madam Ouyang and all my colleagues of the company, I wish to thank you all the people here for taking the time of their busy schedule, at the busiest time of the year, to come to our Chinese New Year’s party.We really appreciate your presence here tonight with us.)特別有幸的是，今晚我們邀請到了從加拿大遠道而來的本森電子公司的朋友們。有如此杰出的貴賓與我們一起共同歡度春節，我深感自豪和榮幸。(In particular, we are very fortunate to have the attendance of our friends with the Benson’s Electronics Company, who came here all the way from Canada.I feel very proud and honored to have such a distinguished group of guests with us, in celebration of our Spring Festival.)我們盡自己之所能，并將繼續竭盡全力使各位度過一個最輕松、最快樂、最難忘的夜晚。我希望各位來賓能盡情品嘗中國的傳統佳肴與美酒。請不要客氣。(We have done and will continue to do our best to make this evening most relaxing, most enjoyable and most memorable for you.I hope you will have a good time enjoying the traditional Chinese cuisine and drinking the unique Chinese wine to your heart’s content.So help yourself.)各位還將欣賞由本公司一些才華橫溢的青年員工所表演的純正的中國味的文藝節目。今晚我們會過得非常愉快。平日在公司上班時，我們中外職員幾乎沒有時間坐下來交談。我希望這次晚會可以讓我們有極好的機會，無所拘束的了解彼此的情況，增進個人之間的友誼。(In a moment, you will enjoy the authentic Chinese performance given by some talented young employees of our company.We will have a lot of fun tonight.While at work in the company, we, Chinese as well as overseas staff of the company, hardly get to sit own and talk to each other.I hope this party will give us an excellent opportunity to get to know each other better in a more informal way and increase personal friendships.)女士們、先生們，我再次感謝各位嘉賓的光臨。最后，我祝愿各位新年身體健康、萬事如意。(Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to thank you again for coming to the party.And I wish every one of you good health and the very best of luck in everything in the new year.)16-4用筷技藝

Chopsticks, or kuaizi, are the most distinctive eating tool on the Chinese dining table.筷子是中餐桌上最有特色的用餐工具。

For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most effiient tool for transporting bite-sized morsels of food from a bowl to the mouth.幾千年來我們中國人一直視筷子為一種可以將飯從碗中逐口送入口中的最簡單同時也是最有效的工具。

As early as in the Zhou Dynasty, chopsticks were used for picking up meat and vegetables, while hands were used for rice.早在周朝時期，筷子便被人們用來夾取葷、蔬菜，而米飯在那時則用手來取食。The Chinese term for chopsticks during this period was zhu, a character whose sound was homonymous with another world meaning “to stop”.這一時期的筷子叫做“箸”，與“住”字諧音。

Since this character was taboo on ships, which were not supposed to stop en route, it was changed to kuai, a word homonymous with another word meaning “quick”.可這個“住”字在船上被視為禁忌語，因為船是不可以在航行途中打住不前的，人們因而改“箸”字為“筷”字，與“快”字諧音。

Then, another character zi was added as a sort of suffix, 此后，人們在“筷”字后又添加了后綴詞“子”。

as occurs with the names of many common objects in the kitchen, such as beizi(cup), panzi(plate), guozi(pot), zhuozi(table),etc.中國許多廚房用品的名稱都帶有后綴詞“子”，如“杯子”、“盆子”、“鍋子”、“桌子”等等。

The mastery of this survival tool requires a skillful coordination of fingers,which gives a child an opportunity to prove to his or her parents that he or she is no longer dependent on the spoon, and can reach out for his or her own food like everyone else.掌握好筷子這件與生存有關的工具需要手指的熟練協調，而用好筷子則可以給孩子一次機會，向父母親表明，自己已無需再依賴湯匙進食，可以同常人一樣獨立取食了。

Chopsticks, which are roughly uniform in size throughout China,can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, lacquer, jade, ivory, plastic, aluminum, silver and gold.全國各地的筷子大小基本一樣，而所用材料的種類則各有不同，所選材料有竹子、木材、漆器、玉石、象牙、塑料、鋁、銀、金等。

Special long bamboo chopsticks are generally used in the kitchen.特長的竹筷通常用于廚房中。

In the past, wooden chopsticks inlaid with silver thread were used to test whether poison was put in a meal, since silver reacts to a number of poisonous substances by changing its color.過去人們用嵌有竹器的木筷來測試是否有人在餐中下毒，因為銀器碰到一些有毒物品會起變色反應。

The way we Chinese handle our chopsticks is quite artistic and varied from person to person like one's signature.我們中國人使用筷子的方法很有藝術性，各人有各人的方法，就好像簽名一樣，不盡一致。An average Chinese can very easily pick up a single tiny grain of rice, or a tiny piece of peas, or a slippery button mushroom or sea cucumber.中國人一般都能隨心所欲地用筷子夾起一粒米飯、一粒豌豆、一只滑溜溜的蘑菇和海參。Some people are able to pick up a piece of bean curd that crumbles easily.有些人還能夾起一整塊易碎的豆腐。

For those Westerners who use only forks and knives for their meals, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging, and amusing, at the beginning.A lot of patience and concentrated practice is required.This is not only very necessary but also very entertaining if they wish to enjoy a real Chinese dinner.對于那些用餐時只會使用刀叉的西方人來說，掌握用筷的方法和技巧開始時難度也許很大，當然也很有趣，需要很大的耐心，需要用心練習。如果他們希望享用一頓真正意義上的中餐，那么花些時間耐心學習用筷技藝不僅很有必要，而且也是樂趣有加。

When using chopsticks, one should place both sticks between the thumb and forefinger.The point is to keep one stick still and move the other so as to make them work like pincers.There is no use using force.As a matter of fact, as long as one uses strength appropriately, he or she can pick up food effortlessly.使用筷子時，要把一雙筷子夾在大拇指和食指之間。要點是讓其中的一雙筷子保持不動，活動另一根筷子，以便能像鉗子那樣夾取食物。光靠蠻力是無濟于事的，所用之力只要恰到好處，就可以輕松自如地夾起食物。

As far as Chinese table manners are concerned, it is considered impolite to hold chopsticks throughout meal.The Chinese traditional table manners require the diner to lay down the chopsticks on the table parallel to one's rice bowl or plate when one has sent the picked food into his or her mouth..It is also considered impolite to point with chopsticks during a conversation over the meal.就餐時自始至終握筷不放，會被視為一種不禮貌的舉動，這與中國的用餐規矩不符。中國傳統的用餐規矩要求就餐者將夾取到的食物送入口中，而后即把筷子平行地放在飯碗或餐盤的一邊。餐間交談時用筷子指指點點也是一種不禮貌的行為。

In China, it is quite rare for a knife to appear on the table.For many people, a knife is associative with a menacing weapon that should not find itself on a friendly, warm dinner table.It is also a Chinese custom for all chopping and other “manual labor” to be performed behind the kitchen door.Thus, all food which appears on the table is bite-sized or smaller, with the exception of whole fish, chickens, or suckling pigs, of course, which are cooked in such a way that they can be served and eaten with chopsticks, and therefore there's no need for a knife to appear on the table.在中國，餐桌上放一把刀是極其少見的現象。在許多人看來，刀會使人聯想到虎視眈眈、咄咄逼人的武器，因而不應在友好溫暖的餐桌上占有一席之地。根據中國的傳統習俗，所有切割操作以及其他“體力性勞作”都應該放在廚房內進行。這樣，所有出現在餐桌上的食物皆可一口送入口中，當然整魚、整雞、整頭乳豬除外。這些菜經過一番烹調，可以用筷子夾開取用，因而也無需借助刀子切割。

What I have just introuduced may not be considered as something scientific and technological.But certainly, there is something that can be considered artistic, isn't there？

以上我所講的雖然談不上有多少科技含量，但也不能說沒有藝術含量吧？

8—2傳統節日(漢譯英)我很高興有機會向各位介紹中國的主要傳統節日，尤其是介紹中國最重要的傳統節日——春節。

I’m very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays and in particular about the Spring Festival ,the most important Chinese holiday.同世界其他地區一樣，節日在中國是人們勤于烹調、飽享口福的時候。菜市場魚肉滿架，購物和烹調成了人們的主要活動。但是節慶膳食除了在數量和質量上與平日不同之外，一些歷史悠久、具有象征意義的特色食物也是節日必不可缺的伴侶。

Like in the rest of the world , holidays in china are a time to enjoy good cooking and eating,Grocery markets are well stocked with all kinds of fish and meat and shopping and cooking become major activities.But in addition to the quantitative and qualitative differences apparent in holiday meals,some special traditional foods with their symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.16 例如農歷5月三日的端午節，人們過端午節是為了紀念被昏君貶官放逐而抱石投江自盡的古代詩人和忠臣屈原。最初人們將以蘆葦葉包扎好的糯米粽子投入屈原自盡的那條江，以祭祀亡靈。今天，人們在端午節時舉行龍舟比賽，而粽子則由活生生的人來享用。

The Dragon Boat Festival on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month(around early June)is celebrated in memory of Qu Yuan,an ancient poet and loyal minister who drowned himself while in exile from a corrupt court.Zongzi,a kind of glutinous rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves,were originally prepared as sacrificial offerings for Qu Yuan’s departed soul and droppd into the river where he drowned himself.Today,however,dragon boat races are held during the festival and the zongzi are consumed by the living.農歷8月15日的中秋節是觀賞滿月的日子。圓圓的月亮象征著圓滿，進而象征著家庭團聚。中秋節日的特制食品是一種圓形的月餅，內含核桃仁、蜜餞、豆沙或蛋黃等食物。

The Mid-autumn festival which occurs on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month(around mid-September)is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness,and by extension,family reunion.The specialty of the day is the yuebing(mooncake),a round pastry filled with nuts,candied preserved fruits,bean paste,duck egg yolks,etc.春節是中國最重要的傳統節日，標志著農歷新年的開始。春節的日期按農歷而定，通常出現在公歷2月份前半個月的某一天。過春節又叫做“過年”，意思是避開“年”這個怪物。相傳“年”是古時候的一種兇猛的怪物。它的樣子想強壯的公牛，長著獅子一樣的頭。這個怪物通常待在深山里。但每到冬末春初他在山里找不到足夠的食物就會闖入村莊找東西吃。村民們見之非常害怕，于是紛紛搬家，逃離這個怪物。后來人們發現，“年”非常害怕三樣東西：紅色、明亮火焰以及大聲喧嘩。人們為了阻止“年”進村，就把大門漆成紅色，還點火燒竹子，發出噼噼啪啪的響聲。從此以后，“年”再也不來村里了。一個傳統就這樣形成了。竹子燃燒時發出的這種響聲被后來的鞭炮聲所取代。這就是中國人燃放鞭炮歡慶春節的來歷。

The Spring Festival,the most important traditional Chinese festival,marks the beginning of the Chinese Lunar New year.The Spring Festival is celebrated according to the lunar calendar,and generally occurs some time in the first half of February.The Spring Festival is also called Guo Nian in Chinese,meaning keeping off the monster of Nian.The legend has it that Nian was a fierce monster back in ancient times.It looked liked a strong bull with a head like that of a lion.Usually the monster stayed deep in the mountains.But at the turn of each spring,the monster,unable to find enough food in the mountains,came out of its mountain lair and entered villages to eat whatever it could catch.Villagers were so scared that they moved away to escape the ferocious monster.Later people found that Nian was afraid of three things:red color,bright flame and loud noise.To prevent Nian from entering their villages,villagers painted their doors red, burned stalks of bamboo,which made cracking sounds.Ever since then,Nian never again came to the villages.Thus, a tradition was established.Later, the noise of the cracking bamboo was replaced by the bang of firecrackers for the Spring Festival.春節期間人們通常猛吃暢飲。春節的食物比較講究，除了常見的海鮮、家禽和肉類之外，人們還要按各自的地方習俗烹制一些傳統菜肴。因為春節標志著新年的第一天，所以第一頓飯是相當重要的。餃子、湯圓、年糕和八寶飯是過年時家家戶戶必不可少的吉祥食品。“年糕”這個詞里的“糕”字與“高”諧音，寓意來年“節節高”。香甜的湯圓則是合家團圓的象征。

Customarily,lavishly consuming food and drink is a major activity during the Spring Festival.People are usually particular about their food.In addition to the popular seafood,poultry and meat, regional custom dictates that traditional favorites should be prepared and consumed.Since the festival marks the first day of a brand new year,the first meal is rather important.Such foods as jiaozi(boiled dumplings),tangyuan(soup of small rice balls cooked with fillings),niangao(New Year cake,thick steamed pudding of glutinous rice flour)and babaofan(steamed sweet glutinous rice pudding)are signs of good luck and indispensable in every household.The Chinese character gao in the word niangao is homonymous with the word”tall”,suggesting “growing up and prospering”in the new year,and the round sweet dumpling is a symbol of family reunion.春節期間的娛樂活動多種多樣，豐富多彩。耍龍燈和舞獅子是春節期間的傳統項目。還有一種至今仍受人歡迎的傳統表演活動，叫踩高蹺。根據記載，中國人的祖先開始使用高蹺是為了從樹上采集水果。如今，熟練地高蹺表演者能夠在高蹺上展示驚人的技藝，表演高難度的動作。

The recreational activities during the Spring Festival are varied and colorful.The Dragon Dance and Lion Dance are traditionally performed during the festival.Walking on stilts is another traditional performance event popular in China.According to the archives, Chinese ancestors event began using stilts to help them gather fruits from trees.Today’s skillful performers can perform truly amazing feats and extremely difficult movements on stilts.18 現在，隨著生活水平的不斷提高，人們采用了新的方式慶祝新年。但不管慶祝方式怎么變，春節的精華不會變，那就是為了祈求新年吉祥如意，家家戶戶都會打掃得干干凈凈，門上都會貼上對聯，人人穿上新衣裳，拿出最精美的食物，團聚在一起，互道吉利，表示祝賀。最重要的是，春節是一個合家歡聚的日子，出門在外的人總要想方設法在除夕夜到來之前趕回家，吃上一年中最重要的一頓飯——“團圓飯”。

Nowadays,with the improvement of living standards,people have taken up new ways to celebrate the traditional Chinese New year.No matter what changes there might be, the traditional highlights of the Spring Festival will remain the same:hoping for a propitious and happy new year,each family will clean up the house and put up an antithetical couplet on each side of the door.Dressed up in their best,people will get together,treat each other to the most delicious foods and exchange auspicious greetings.Most important of all, the Spring Festival is the occasion for a family reunion.People away from home for various reasons will always try their best to come back home before the New Year’s Eve for the family reunion dinner,the most important meal of the year.從傳統意義上說，春節以元宵節為終結日。每年農歷正月十五的元宵節又被稱之為“燈節”，自古以來就是展覽和觀賞花燈的盛大節日。這一節日正如宋詞所描寫的那樣：“魚燈萬里耀長空，鬧燈元宵處處同。頂馬獅龍人物好，街歌巷舞盡兒童?！?/p>

Traditionally,the Spring Festival season ends with the Lantern Festival which falls on the 15th of the first lunar month.The Lantern Festival has been the great occasion to display and watch lanterns since antiquity.A poet of the Song Dynasty wrote these lines,”The sky is ablaze with myriads of fish-shaped lanterns.It is fun everywhere on the Lantern Festival.Lanterns in shape of horse,lion,dragon and human figure are all attractive.Streets and lanes are packed with singing and dancing children.”

我今天簡要介紹了一下中國的傳統節日，希望各位朋友有機會去親身體驗一下我國傳統節日的歡樂氣氛。

I have given a brief introduction of traditional Chinese festivals.I sincerely hope that you have the chance to experience for yourself the happy festival atmosphere in China.12-3書法藝術

我很高興有機會向諸位 介紹中國書法這一寶貴的文化遺產及其對中國旅游業的貢獻。I’m very glad to have this opportunity to talk about Chinese calligraphy, a highly-valued Chinese cultural heritage, and its contribution to Chinese tourism.中國有句古話是這樣 說的:“山不在高，有仙則名；水不在深，有龍則靈。”中國書法好似山上之 仙、水中之龍。

An ancient Chinese saying goes that” Any mountain can be famous with the presence of an immortal, and any river can be holy with the presence of a dragon”.Chinese calligraphy is like an immortal on a mountain and a dragon in a river.中國書法同其他書寫形式有很大區別。漢字在其漫長的發展史中演化成許多不同的藝術形式，其中包括甲骨銘文、青銅器銘文、篆書、隸書、楷書、行書和草書。

Chinese calligraphy is very different from other forms of writing.During their long history of development Chinese characters have evolved and been written into many different artistic styles, including the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells and in ancient bronze objects, the seal character, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script.許多漢字屬象形文字．常可從字的形狀揣知其義。無淪是刀刻書法還是筆墨書法都可以通過字形的夸張取得藝術效果。

Many Chinese characters are pictographs and often the meaning of a particular character is apparent in the pictorial form of the character.Calligraphy, whether done with a knife or brush, can be rendered in ways that exaggerate the form, consequently yielding effects of artistic beauty.因此書法一直是一門研究藝術。千百年來中國書法家傾 注了大量的心血研究書法藝術的形式、規則及理論。他們的成果對朝鮮、日本和東南亞國家的 漢字書法家產生了巨大的影響。這些國家的書法家經常不斷地訪問中國，探索書法藝術

Calligraphy, therefore, has been traditionally a subject of artistic study.Down through the centuries Chinese calligraphers have devoted substantive attention to studying the forms, principles and theories pertinent to the art of calligraphy.Moreover, their works have significantly influenced calligraphers of Chinese characters in Korea, Japan and Southeast Asian countries.People from these countries regularly visit China studying calligraphic art.20 漢字的傳統書法并未受到外界的影響，這是我國的一大旅游資源。中國大多數旅游區都有 不可勝數的銘文石碑(其中許多是刻在懸崖峭壁上的銘文)、匾額和廳堂卷軸對聯。以石碑聞名遐邇的桂林七星巖內各個朝代的銘文隨處可見。

Traditional Chinese calligraphy has not been influenced by the outside world.As a result, it constitutes a tourist resource Most of the Chinese tourist areas have numerous inscribed tablets, including inscriptions on precipices, horizontal inscribed boards and couplets written on the scrolls hung on the pillars of halls.The Seven-Star Cave of Guilin, widely known as a sea of stelae, contains everywhere inscriptions from various dynasties.旅游區的古代書法遺跡皆以碑林和石刻為主。例如建于1091年的 西安碑林”區還留有大量的周秦時期的石刻作品。

Ancient calligraphy relics found in tourist areas primarily consist of tablet forests and stone cuts, for example, the Xi’an Tablet Forset, which was built in 1091, including a large number of stone cuts from the periods of Zhou(11th century-256 BC)and Qin(221-206 BC).對于那些有興趣把書法作為一種藝術形式來研究的人士來說，曲阜孔廟和泰山岱廟里的石碑是必看無疑的。兩處都存有數百件書法風格各異的石刻碑匾。

The stelae in Qufu’s Confucius Temple and Mount Tai’s Dai Temple are undoubtedly visitors’ choice for those interested in studying calligraphy as an art form.Each location contains several hundred tablets inscribed with various styles.中國歷史上許多詩人和高僧在浪跡名山時皆 墨撒懸崖峭壁，以此抒發感情。所幸的是，他們的許多作品均被完好地保存下來。除了石碑巖崖作品外，絲綢和紙張上行文留 字則是更為常見的書法形式。

Historically, many poets and senior monks wrote inscriptions on precipices to express their feelings when they works have been well preserved.Fortunately, many of their works have been well preserved.In addition to stone tablets and inscriptions on mountain precipices, calligraphy has also been practiced as more popular forms of art with silk and paper.漢字書法無論以何種形式出現都將吸引海外游客。

Whatever the form, calligraphy of Chinese characters will continue to exert a magnetic influence on tourists to China.專利法規(英譯中)Today , we, pioneers and leaders of electronic commerce, are meeting here to call for changes in US patent laws.We believe such changes are needed to deal with new business models related to the growth of the Internet.今天，我們這些電子商務的創始人和領導人在此集會，共同呼吁修改美國專利法。我們認為互聯網的發展已形成了一些新商業模式，專利法必須加以修改才能應付這種新情況。share the same view with Jeff Bezos, chief executive of online bookseller Amazon.dot.com.Mr.Bezos argued in an open letter that current patent laws could end up harming all kinds of businesses if the laws were not adapted to new business methods used in e-commerce.我同在線書店亞馬遜電子商務公司的首席執行官杰夫 · 貝索斯持有相同的觀點.貝索斯先生在一封公開信中指出，現行的專利法若不加以修正以適應電子商務的新模式，最終將影響所有商務活動。think U.S.Patent laws are designed to protect the commercial rights of people who have invested in new products, systems or methods.Hereby 1 propose that the period of protection offered by patents should be cut from 17 years to about 4 years.1 also propose a one-month period of public consultation before patents are issued.The purpose of these changes is to ensure that patented business models and software are more quickly released into the public domain.我認為，制定美國專利法的根本出發點是為了保護那些投資開發新產品、新系統和新方法者的商業權利。我在這里提議，專利權的保護期應該從原來的 17年縮短為 4 年。同時我也建議，專利 22 發布前應該有一個月的公示咨詢期。這些改革的目的是為了確保獲得專利權的商務模式和軟件能更快地進入公共領域。

Amazon was once under criticism for allegedly abusing current laws by patenting business methods that are so general in scope they should be available to everyone.Two examples include Amazon's patent for the so-called one-click purchasing option on its World Wide Web site and its program for paying other web sites that refer customers to the Amazon site.亞馬遜公司曾遭到一些批評，有人指責亞馬遜公司濫用現行法律，使一些極其普通的商務方法得到專利保護，這些商務方法沒有任何特殊之處，所有人都有權使用。亞馬遜公司有兩個典型的專利保護例子，一是所謂的網上一次點擊購物法，一是對向亞馬遜公司轉讓客戶的其他網站支付費用的程序。

From my experience of working with hi-technology companies in California's Silicon Valley , the biggest problems arise when existing patent protections for business methods are combined with the Internet.憑我在加州硅谷高科技公司的工作經驗，當現行的商務模式專利保護與因特網聯系在一起時，就會出現最嚴重的問題。

When you combine the ability to patent business methods with the advent of the Internet you have a very interesting coincidence.The Internet provides a new way of doing just about everything.You can have electronic shopping carts on the Internet that mimic the shopping carts in the real world.But because it is in a new environment , a new medium , that is sufficiently novel to obtain a patent on that idea.當你把商務模式專利保護與因特網使用結合在一起時，你會發現一個十分有趣的巧合。因特網可以提供做事的新方法.你可以在網上使用電子購物手推車，所謂的電子購物手推車不過是對現實生活中的手推車的模擬，但由于出現在一個新的環境中，出現在一個新的媒介中，這種模擬方法因其新穎而可以申請專利保護。

If changes in the patent laws are going to have any real impact , they must be made soon , before too many more new business method patents are issued.Some of my colleagues in the industry have already begun lobbying lawmakers to make the changes.But we have to be a little bit more patient because it will take at least two years for any changes proposed now to be approved by lawmakers and established as law.如果想讓專利法的修改真正起到作用，那就必須加快修訂步伐，不然的話，等越來越多的商務模式新專利頒布之后再進行修改，為時也就太晚了。電子商務產業的一些同行已開始游說立法人士 23 修改法律.但是我們還得耐心等待，現在提出的修改建議至少要等上兩年才能被立法部門確定為正式的法律。

環境保護（漢譯英）女士們、先生們: 當今世界，環境保護已成為各國政府和各界人士共同關心的問題。過去 10 年，海平面升高和森林砍伐的速度都是前所未有的;生態惡化、物種滅絕、臭氧層被破壞、溫室效應、酸雨、土地沙漠化等一系列環境問題已經嚴重影響到人類的生存環境和身體健康.Ladies and gentlemen , Nowadays , environmental protection has become the common issue that concerns the governments of many countries and people of all walks of life.Sea level rose and forests were destroyed at an unprecedented rate during the last decade.A series of environmental problems , such as the deterioration of the ecosystem , the extinction of bio-species , damage to the ozone layer , the green-house effect , acid rain and desertification , have posed a serious threat to human living conditions and health.環境惡化造成的問題之-就是缺水。目前，全世界 40% 以上的人口，即 20 多億人，面臨缺水問題。據預測，未來 25 年全球人口將由 60 億增長到 80 億，環境保護面臨更大的壓力，解決環境與發展的問題面臨著重重困難。

Environmental crisis leads to one of the serious problems.namely, water shortage.Presently, more than 40 percent of the world's population, more than two billion people, now face water shortage.It is predicted that with the global population expected to increase from six billion to eight billion over the next 25 years.more pressure on environmental protection stress is expected.Many problems remain to be resolved in striking a balance between economic development and environmental protection.中國作為一個發展中國家，面臨著發展經濟與保護環境的雙重任務。從國情出發，中國在全面推進現代化的過程中，將環境保護視為一項基本國策，將實現經濟持續發展視為一項重要戰略，同時在全國范圍內開展污染防治工作和生態環境保護活動。

As a developing country.China is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment.Proceeding from its national conditions.China has.in the process of promoting its overall modernization program.made environmental protection one of its basic state policies.regarded the realization of sustained economic development as an important strategy and meanwhile, carried out nationwide campaigns for pollution prevention and treatment as well as environmental ecological conservation.我們認為保護環境是全人類的共同任務。中國積極發展環境保護領域的雙邊和多邊合作，在環境規劃與管理、污染控制與預防、森林和野生動植物保護、海洋環境、氣候變化、大氣污染、酸雨、污水處理等方面進行了交流與合作，取得了一批重要成果。

We consider environmental protection a common task for all people across the world.Thus.China has actively promoted bilateral and multi-lateral cooperation in the field of environmental protection.Significant achievements have been made in environmental planning and management , pollution control and prevention, forest protection.wild animal and.plant protection.as well as in the areas concerning marine environment, climate change, air pollution , acid rain and sewage disposal, etc.概括說來，我們選擇持續發展的實施戰略;逐步改進法律和行政制度;預防和控制工業污染，綜合整治城市環境;大規模進行國土控管和農村環保;保護生態環境，保護植被，退耕還林，退耕還草，封山綠化;加速對環境科技的開發;在人民中宣傳環保知識，提高人們對環保道德與行為準則的認識;采取強有力的措施促進環保工作的國際合作。

Briefly , here are the things that we have been doing to protect our environment: Choosing a 'sustainable development strategy for implementation;improving the legal and administrative systems in step-by-step manner;preventing and controlling industrial pollution and comprehensively working on the improvement of the urban environment;carrying out territorial control and rural environmental protection on a large scale;protecting ecological environment , protecting vegetation , returning cultivated land to forests or pastures , and closing off hi1lsides to facilitate afforestation;accelerating the development of environmental science and technology;popularizing environmental protection knowledge among the people and raising their awareness of environmental ethics and code of conduct;and finally taking vigorous action to promote international cooperation in environmental protection.工業污染防治是中 國環境保護工作的重點。我們通過調整產業、產品結構，通過結合技術改造推行清潔生產，完成了一大批污染治理項目。在治理工業污染的同時，政府加強了生態農業建設.把發展生態農業列為實現環境與經濟協調發展的重大對策。生態農業建設使犯監生態環境得到了明顯改善，荒山荒坡得到了治理，森林覆蓋率得到了大幅度提高，水土流失也有所控制。

Prevention and control of industrial pollution is a priority , concern in China's environmental protection efforts.We have completed a great number of pollution-control projects through the readjustment of the industrial structure and product mix , and promoted clean production through technical transformation.While addressing industrial pollution , China has promoted the development of eco-agriculture.The government has taken the development of eco-agriculture as an important means to realize the coordinated development of the environment and the economy.The practice of eco-agriculture has brought about striking improvements in the agricultural ecological environment-barren hi1ls greened , forest acreage greatly raised , soil erosion controlled to some extent.眾所周知，對生態環境和生物多樣性的保護是環保工作的重點.經過長期努力，我國的生態環保和建設取得了較大的成就。我國野生動植物物種豐富，僅脊椎動物就有 6000 多種左右，高等植物3 萬多種.為加快物種保護事業的發展，國家實施了”全國野生動植物保護及自然保護區建設工程'氣自然保護區的建立，使一批具有代表性、典型性、科學研究價值的自然生態系統和珍稀瀕危物種得到了有效保護.另外，全國還建立了野生動物拯救繁育基地 250 余處，野生植物基因保存中心 400 余處。我們欣慰地看到，200 多種珍稀瀕危的野生動物和 1000 多種野生植物在人工照料下保持了穩定的種群，有的已成功回歸大自然.It is known to all that protection of the ecological environment and biodiversity is the focal point of environmental protection work.Through protracted efforts China has made great achievements in the protection and nurturing of the ecological environment.China is rich in wildlife species.There are about 6,000 vertebrates alone and 30 ,000 species of higher plants.In order to accelerate the development of the conservation undertaking, the government implemented “the National Wildlife Conservation and Nature Reserves Development Program”.The establishment of nature reserves has put a number of representative and typical natural eco-systems with research value as well as rare and endangered species under effective protection.Moreover, we have established over 250 wild fauna rescue and breeding bases and 400 genetic reserves for wild flora.We are relieved by the fact that stable populations for 200 rare ' and endangered species of wild fauna and 1, OOO-odd rare and endangered species of wild flora are maintained under human watch.Some of the endangered species have been successfully reintroduced to nature.中國作為國際社會的成員，在努力保護自己的環境的同時，還積極參與國際環保事務，促進國際環保合作，并認真履行了國際義務。所有這些都充分表明了中國政府和人們保護全球環境的誠意和決心。

As a member of the international community, China, while making great efforts to protect its own environment, has taken an active part in international environmental protection affairs to promote international cooperation in environmental protection, and earnestly fulfilled its international obligations.All these efforts have fully demonstrated the sincerity and determination of the Chinese government and people to protect the global environment.26 女士們、先生們，人類在解決環境與發展的問題上仍然面臨著大量的難題，任重而道遠。中國將一如既往，與其他國家合作，為保護我們的生存環撓，為人類的幸福和繁榮，為造福下一代而奮斗.Ladies and gentlemen, humankind still faces a great many difficulties in solving the problems of the environment protection and development.There is a grand task to perform and a long way to go.China wil1, as it did in the past, work with other countries and strive for the protection of the environment for human survival , for the happiness and prosperity of humanity, and for the benefits of our children.2-3宴會招待......................................................................................................................................1 3-4文化差異......................................................................................................................................3 4-3經營之道......................................................................................................................................6 5-4新的長征......................................................................................................................................9 6-1 新春聯歡(Celebrating the Spring Festival).............................................................................12 16-4用筷技藝..................................................................................................................................13 8—2傳統節日(漢譯英)......................................................................................................................16 12-3書法藝術..................................................................................................................................19 9-3 大學精神 The University Spirit.........................................................................錯誤！未定義書簽。專利法規(英譯中)..............................................................................................................................22 環境保護（漢譯英）.........................................................................................................................24

第五篇：ARCGIS英漢對照

詞匯索引（英漢對照）

A Absolute X,Y

X,Y的絕對坐標 Abstract

抽象，抽象類 Access

數據庫文件

Activate

激活，使數據框架進入操作狀態 Alias

字段假名 Aligned，alignment

字符注記對齊

Allocation

空間配置，臨近分配 Animation

Annotation

Application

Attribute

Attribute table

Background

Band

Barrier

Basic tool bar

BMP

Border

Brightness

Buffer

Buffer zone

CAD feature dataset

Callout

Catalog

Categories

Cell

Cell size

Charts

Class

Classification

Clip

Coclass

Closest facility

Cluster tolerance

動畫

地圖注記、注記要素 應用，應用單元 屬性

屬性表 B

地圖顯示、制圖的背景

影像波段

網絡障礙

基本工具條

一種通用的圖像數據格式

地圖外框線、圖廓線

圖像顯示亮度 臨近、緩沖

臨近區、緩沖區

C

CAD數據集

引線式注記

ArcCatalog的目錄表、目錄窗口

定性分類

柵格單元

柵格單元大小

統計圖（同Graph）

類

分類

裁剪，一種疊合處理方式

visual basic 的組件類

最近設施

線簇容差

詞匯索引（英漢對照）

Edge match

地圖接邊 Element

圖形元素 Elevation

高程 End

端點 End node

線的終點 Endpoint

同End node Equal interval

等間距分類 Extend

線要素延伸 Extent(s)

數據的空間范圍

Extensions

擴展、軟件的擴展模塊

F Facility

設施

Feature

要素、地理要素 Feature attribute table

要素屬性表 Feature class

要素類

Feature dataset

要素數據集 Field

屬性表的字段 Fill symbol

填充符號 Fillet

加圓角

From end

網絡線段的起點、端點

G Geodatabase

地理數據庫、空間數據庫 Geographic coordinate system 地理坐標系

Geometric network

幾何網絡用于市政公用設施的網絡數據模型 Geoprocessing

地理處理、空間處理 Gradient fill symbol

漸變填充符號 Graduated color

顏色漸變圖 Graduated symbols

符號漸變圖 Graph

統計圖 Graphic

圖形 Graphic element

圖形元素 Graphic text

圖形注記 Grid

格網

H Histogram

直方圖（常用于影像分類）

詞匯索引（英漢對照）

Marker symbol

點要素符號 Map document

地圖文檔 Map elements

地圖制圖元素 Map template

地圖制圖模板 Map topology

地圖拓撲 Map units

地圖單位

Match to symbol in a style 匹配某個格式文件中的符號 Merge

要素合并 Metadata

元要素

Multi band

多波段影像

Multi-part feature

組合要素，一個要素有多部分合并而成 Multiple attributes

多重屬性

N Natural breaks

自然區分類

Neatline

圖廓線、圖框線、地圖分割線 Network

網絡

Network dataset

網絡數據集

No data

無值的柵格單元 Nodata

同No data Normalization

歸一化 North arrow

指北針

O Overlay

疊合、疊置 Overshoot

過長

OMDs(object model diagrams)對象模型圖

OLE(object linking and embedding)對象連接和嵌入 Oneway

交通單向行駛

P Pan

圖形平移

Path

基于柵格的路徑 Parallel

平行 Perpendicular

垂線

Personal Geodatabase

個人地理數據庫 Picture

圖片

Pixel

像元、像素

詞匯索引（英漢對照）

S Scale

地圖比例

要素縮放 Scale bar

比例尺、圖形比例尺 Scale range

比例范圍

Scale text

比例說明、文字型比例尺 SDE(spatial database engine)

空間數據引擎 Segment

線要素的某一段 Select

選擇

Selectable layer

Selected feature

Selected layer

Selection

Service area

Shape

Shapefile

Shortest path

Sketch

Slope

Snap，snapping

Spatial adjustment

Spatial join

Spatial reference

Split

Standard tool bar

Start node

Start point

Stop

Stretch

Style

Surface

Summarize

Symbol

Symbology

Symbol property editor

Table

Table of contents

Target(layer)

Template

Thiessen(polygon)

可選要素的圖層

被選要素、入選要素

被選圖層

選擇、選擇集

基于網絡的服務區 要素的幾何類型 一種空間數據格式

（基于柵格的）最短路徑、最佳路徑

任意線 坡度

捕捉

空間校正

空間連接

空間參照

線要素打斷，插入結點 標準工具條

線要素的起點、起結點

文字注記的起始點

（網絡）?？空?/p>

拉伸，調整影像的顯示灰度、顏色

地圖符號式樣

地面、地表

匯總統計

符號

符號規則，用于控制要素顯示符號的對話框

符號特征編輯器 T

表、屬性表

操作界面中的目錄表

編輯的目標圖層

模板、制圖模板

泰森多邊形

詞匯索引（英漢對照）

Z Zoom

圖形縮放 Zoom in

圖形放大 Zoom out

圖形縮小