第一篇：論簡愛的愛情觀

論簡愛的愛情觀

摘要：《簡愛》是英國文學(xué)史上一步驚世之作，自1847年發(fā)表以來一直保持著經(jīng)久不衰的魅力，深受各國讀者的喜愛。其中主人公簡愛自由平等的愛情觀，成為了當時女性的先導(dǎo)，影響了許許多多的女性追求獨立自主的人格和自身價值，受到世人的歌頌。她的愛情觀從她與羅切斯特和圣?約翰的交往過程中得到體現(xiàn)。從這個追求自由平等愛情的過程中，我們也不應(yīng)該忽視簡愛的自私和固執(zhí)。關(guān)鍵詞： 獨立平等 叛逆

《簡愛》是英國著名的女作家夏洛蒂?勃朗特的代表作。她通過簡愛的視覺，以自述的方式講述了一個受盡欺凌，堅貞不屈的孤女經(jīng)過重重波折成長為獨立自主的女性，并大膽追求屬于自己的愛情，突破了階層和社會地位的局限，不做男權(quán)的附庸，堅持自己的獨立自主，樹立了一個獨立自主，勇于抗爭的新女性形象。她堅貞不屈的性格，造就了她追求靈魂的交融碰撞和平等獨立的愛情觀。這從她與羅切斯特和圣?約翰的交往過程中得到了體現(xiàn)。但我們也能看到她沉溺于形式上的獨立，卻自私而固執(zhí)的傷害了深愛的戀人。

一 簡愛與羅切斯特

簡愛是孤女，出身低微，身材矮小，其貌不揚；羅切斯特出身名門，家財萬貫，受人仰慕。盡管地位懸殊，但在粗暴專橫的羅切斯特面前，簡愛表現(xiàn)得不卑不亢，落落大方，充分表現(xiàn)了她追求平等的反抗性格，而正是這一不尋常的性格深深地吸引了羅切斯特，對羅切斯特來說，可謂是前所未見的。

“要是這個陌生人哪怕只是對我的問話報以微笑并且態(tài)度和氣，要是他對我提出的幫助樂哈哈地加以謝絕，我也準會繼續(xù)走我的路，不再覺得自己有什么義務(wù)要進一步詢問下去了。可是這位過路人那種厭煩和無禮的態(tài)度，卻反而使我感到無拘無束。我不顧他揮手叫我走開，仍站著不動，并且斷然說道：‘在看到你確實能夠騎馬以前，先生，我是決不會讓你這么晚獨自留在這條荒涼的小路上的。’簡愛與羅切斯特偶遇時,羅切斯特的那種厭煩無禮的態(tài)度越激起了她的反抗性格。“但它畢竟是個主動的行為,而我對于完全被動的生活已經(jīng)感到乏味了”。簡愛不想被動接受,她有自已的思想,她要堅持自已的原則,她堅持在沒看到羅切斯特確實能騎馬前不會走開。“我說這話的時候，他看了看我，在這以前他的眼睛幾乎從來沒有朝我看過。”。其貌不揚的簡愛的古怪的不屈不撓的勁頭、不容違抗的神氣引起了羅切斯特的注意。

到了桑府，在羅切斯特與簡愛的第二次交談中，有這樣一句話：“要是他指望我只是為說話而說話，或者只是為了炫耀而說話，那他就會發(fā)現(xiàn)他是找錯了人啦”。羅切斯特認為自已有權(quán)擺點主人的架子，要簡愛和她多說話以使自已高興，但簡愛斷然拒絕了。她沒有察言觀色迎合主人的意圖，她更沒有因為自已地位低下而攀龍附鳳，甚至沒有因為自已未見過世面而在粗暴高傲的主人面前張惶失措、俯首貼耳。在后來的交往中，簡愛沉著應(yīng)對，繼續(xù)顯示出謹慎、自尊、真實、本分、善良、聰慧的獨特個性。羅切斯特在簡愛的身上看到了他夢寐以求的理想。簡愛像一顆火星一樣，把他熄滅了的希望之燈重新點燃。

羅切斯特為了考驗簡愛對他的愛情，引來了英格拉姆小姐。羅切斯特對英格拉姆的假裝親密、甚至是即將結(jié)婚的假消息對初涉愛河，也是深涉愛河的簡愛來說，是一個多么沉重的打擊。但她仍極力地保持自已的自尊。她把愛深深地埋藏在心底。在喝茶吃午餐和傍晚的散步，她盡可能地若無其事、平靜處之，盡管她內(nèi)心正處妒忌與絕望的煎熬之中。當羅切斯特要求她留下來時，就有了下面一段經(jīng)典的對白：“你以為我會留下來，做一個對你來說無足輕重的人嗎？你以為我是個機器人？━━━是一架沒有感情的機器？能受得了別人把我僅有的一小口面包從我嘴里搶走，把僅有的一滴活命水從我的杯子里潑掉嗎？你以為，就因為我貧窮、低微、不美、矮小，我就既沒有靈魂，也沒有心嗎？你想錯了！我跟你一樣有靈魂，——也完全一樣有一顆心！要是上帝曾賦予我一點美貌，大量財富的話，我也會讓你難以離開我，就像現(xiàn)在我難以離開你一樣。我現(xiàn)在不是憑習(xí)俗、常規(guī)，甚至也不是憑著血肉之軀跟你講話，這是我的心靈在跟你的心靈說話,就仿佛我們都已經(jīng)離開了人世，兩人一同站在上帝的跟前，彼此平等，——就像我們本來就是的那樣”。簡愛貧窮、低微、不美、矮小，但在愛情面前，她表現(xiàn)出了超凡的勇氣，驚人的大膽——她勇敢地向愛人表達愛意，但并不卑躬乞憐、阿諛獻媚。相反的，她義正辭嚴地表達了主張婚姻獨立自主以及男女平等的想法。正像羅切斯特所說的：“可是對于清澈的目光，流利的口齒，對于那種熱情如火的心靈，既多情又穩(wěn)重，既溫順又堅定的寧折不彎的性格，——我卻永遠溫柔而忠實的。”多么精妙的概括。羅切斯特正是深愛著簡愛那善良聰慧自尊堅定的性格。簡愛與羅切斯特要結(jié)婚了。羅切斯特帶著簡愛逛綢緞店、首飾鋪。“他給我買得越多，一種煩惱和屈辱的感覺就越使我臉上發(fā)熱。” “我不愿做你的賽莉納?瓦倫。我要繼續(xù)作為阿黛爾的家庭教師，我要憑這個來掙我的食宿，外加一年三十磅薪水。我要從這筆錢里開支我的衣著，你什么也不用給我，除了??” “你的敬重，而且反過來我也用我的敬重來回報你，要能這樣，這筆債就算兩抵了。”熱戀中的簡愛并沒有被愛情沖昏了頭腦，她時刻保持著清醒的頭腦，矜持的自尊，羅切斯特那“土耳其皇帝的全部后宮嬪妃”的比喻刺痛著她，她是有自尊有智慧而且有自知之明的簡愛，不是男人的玩物。在嫁給羅切斯特之前，甚至是結(jié)婚后，她始終是自尊獨立的簡愛，她不要那些一向用來討好女人的珠寶綢緞，她不是玩偶，所以那些東西給了她煩惱屈辱的感覺。她堅持不做賽莉納?瓦倫那一類的輕浮拜金的女人。在嫁給羅切斯特之前，她還要做自食其力的家庭教師。她是多么地希望獲得平等、獲得尊重，她也一定要羅切斯特對她尊重，這比什么珠寶都重要。

在教堂上，理查?梅森的出現(xiàn)使得婚禮被迫中止，一切真相大白之后，簡愛選擇了出走。雖然我不盡贊同簡愛出走的舉動，但不可否認的是這出走的舉動的確突顯了簡愛的反抗性格及其對平等自由的愛情的執(zhí)著追求。

在離開很久之后，簡愛知道羅切斯特先生深陷困境，雙目失明，幾乎殘廢。在所有人離他而去，漠視他，拋棄他的時候，她卻主動回到他的身邊，擔負起照料他的重則，并義無反顧的嫁給他。這時的簡愛認為他們是平等的，沒有財富和地位的差距，她不會成為他的附庸，所以她堅定地站在他的身邊。這種不離不棄的愛情值得我們感動，這樣純潔而真摯的愛情更是很多人無法企及的高度。這更是表達了她對于獨立平等愛情的追求。與金錢財富地位無關(guān)，只是心靈與心靈的碰撞和交流。二 簡愛與圣?約翰

簡愛離開了羅切斯特,她身無分文地飄到了荒原莊。在她幾乎被凍死餓死的時候，她被表兄圣?約翰救活了。圣?約翰把她當親妹子看待，并為她找了一份鄉(xiāng)村教師的工作。論人品，圣?約翰比羅切斯特漂亮，他身材修長、相貌堂堂，象尊大理石雕像。雖然簡愛對圣?約翰獻身宗教的精神表示敬佩，并對他的關(guān)懷與照顧時時懷著濃厚的情誼，但她并不愛圣?約翰，圣?約翰也不愛她。但圣?約翰卻向簡愛求婚，他說“上帝和大自然是打算讓你做傳教士的妻子的。他們給予你的不是外貌是而精神上的稟賦，你生來就是為了工作，而不是為了愛情的。你必須——你一定要成為我的，我要你，——并不是為了使我自已愉快，而是為了我主的事業(yè)。”。圣?約翰，一個英國殖民主義的忠實奴仆，他完全可以把自已的愛情歡樂獻給上帝，但簡愛怎么肯當一個“生來就是只為了工作”的傳教士的妻子呢？是的，她不美、矮小、低微，但這并不能泯滅她對平等自由美好的愛情的向往和追求。她有她的原則，她有她的尊嚴，她怎么能茍同圣?約翰“你生來就是為了工作，而不是為了愛情”的斷言呢？她是決不肯當圣?約翰完成他到印度傳教使命的工具的。“被一輩子和一個男人拴在一起，而他只是把你當作一件有用的工具，這不奇怪嗎？黛？” “明明知道他給予的每一個親熱表示都只是為了原則而作的一種犧牲，這我容忍得了嗎？不，這樣的殉道實在太可怕，我決不愿忍受。”簡愛清楚地知道圣?約翰不愛她，她如果以殉道的精神一輩子守在他的身邊，是永遠得不到自由平等的，這是她最不可忍受的。當圣?約翰步步逼她就范的時候，憤怒屈辱的她終于爆發(fā)了：“我瞧不起你對愛情的看法??我瞧不起你奉獻的這種虛假感情，是的，你奉獻它的時候我也瞧不起你。”。

簡愛和圣?約翰的愛情觀截然不同。圣?約翰可以把愛情獻給上帝，但簡愛則認為夫婦的結(jié)合應(yīng)以愛情為基礎(chǔ)，感情必須真實，否則不應(yīng)結(jié)合。而且婚姻必須是平等的，任何一方不能以另一方為工具去達到某種目的。因此，也是為了維護自己的人格尊嚴，追求愛情的平等，她斷然拒絕了那沒有愛情的結(jié)合，拒絕了圣?約翰的苦苦追求。

三 簡愛在追求自由平等愛情同時的自私和固執(zhí)

雖然簡愛追求自由平等的愛情的勇氣得到了大家的頌揚，但卻忽略了她在這個過程中過分追求形式上的平等，過分的自尊使得她自私而固執(zhí)的傷害了深愛她的戀人。集中體現(xiàn)在她知道羅切斯特先生還有一位瘋掉的妻子時不顧一切的離家出走。

（一）簡愛不該出走

教堂里，簡愛和羅切斯特的婚禮正在進行，理查?梅森突然出現(xiàn)，宣布了羅切斯特和簡愛的婚姻無效，因為羅切斯特的發(fā)妻還活著，婚禮被迫中止。事后，羅切斯特把自己的滿腔苦水一下子倒了出來，把事情原原本本地告訴了簡愛，并虔誠地向她表示懺悔。但簡愛經(jīng)過一番痛苦的掙扎后，還是毅然地出走了。“我自己在乎我自己，越孤單，越無親無友，越無人依靠，我越是要尊重自己。我要遵從上帝頒發(fā)，世人認可的法律。我要堅守我在清醒時，而不是像現(xiàn)在這樣瘋狂時所接受的原則??原定的想法，已下的快心，是我眼前唯一必須堅持的東西，我要牢牢守住這個立場”。簡愛的這段內(nèi)心獨白歷來被認為是簡愛維護自己人格尊嚴，追求自由平等的愛情及其反抗性格的最強烈的表現(xiàn)。的確，從某個方面講，簡愛出走這樣的行為，在一個多世紀以前的英國是應(yīng)大加贊賞的。

十八、十九世紀的英國，婦女受到歧視，這必然使她們喪失獨立自尊的地位，使她們淪為對男人在思想經(jīng)濟上的依附地位。簡愛的出走的確表達了一種理想，一種抗爭，能給人們鼓舞和力量，這樣的設(shè)計無疑是非常積極的，有意義的。但我們也不可否認隱藏在簡愛那自由平等的愛情觀背后的自私，冷漠和固執(zhí)。在簡愛得知內(nèi)情后，對羅切斯特隱瞞真情不無諒解和同情，也完全理解他的難言之苦。既然寄予了諒解與同情，又有那堅不可摧的愛情信念，為什么不留下來呢？就為了愛情的自尊與平等嗎？這種置愛人于絕境之中而不顧的自尊與平等，在出走的途中，簡愛自己都覺得可憎。“鳥兒們都忠實于它們的伴侶，鳥兒是愛的象征，可我呢？在我飽受內(nèi)心痛苦和瘋狂地堅持原則之中，我隱隱地對自己感到厭惡。我從自命正確，甚至從自尊自重中，絲毫得不到什么安慰。我損害了——傷害了——離棄了我的主人。我在我自己的眼里看來都覺得可恨”。為了堅決不處于羅切斯特的情婦的地位，為了維護自己人格的尊嚴，為了所謂的愛的平等，簡愛堅決地選擇了“損害”“離棄”。雖然她也十分清楚自己在羅切斯特心中的地位。“我可以回去，成為他的安慰者，——他的驕傲，把他從苦難中，甚至說不定是從毀滅中拯救出來。唉，擔心他會自暴自棄，還遠比擔心我自己更厲害得多，這種心情正在竭力驅(qū)使我這樣做！”在羅切斯特心中，簡愛是一位天使，是一位能引領(lǐng)她早走出地獄的天使，可這位天使最終還是為了維護自已的自尊，置他于“煉獄”“毀滅”“自暴自棄”之中而不顧。“這么說，你并不愛我？你看重的只不過是我的地位和作為我妻子的身分么？”看來，羅切斯特深愛的簡愛的確奉作為他妻子的身分為首要，甚至不惜可能毀滅愛人，把愛人逼上絕境。簡愛出走時，她應(yīng)該有想到十五年前，曾被自已發(fā)瘋的妻子折磨得要開槍自殺的羅切斯特也有可能因為失去至愛的人而讓冷冰冰的槍口再次對準自已的腦門吧。“他會痛苦，說不定會變得絕望。我也想到了這個”。為了所謂的自尊甚至不惜毀滅作賤愛人，這還不夠冷酷、自私嗎？

簡?愛應(yīng)該留下來，在當時那樣的情境中，她應(yīng)該留下來。她能諒解和同情羅切斯特是對的。我們的男主人公是多么的不幸、無辜。想當年剛走出大學(xué)的他，滿懷著對美好愛情的憧憬，但卻落入了父兄的圈套，受到了父兄和梅森一家的蒙騙，成就了一樁骯臟的婚姻，成為了家族利益的犧牲品。他也因此絕望了。他真真正正是一個無辜的受害者。愛要以自尊平等為基礎(chǔ)，但愛更需一種奉獻精神。奉獻能使美好愛情愈顯圣潔。羅切斯特因父兄的坑害而背負沉重的枷鎖，簡愛聲稱自已深愛著羅切斯特，也能理解他的苦難，但為什么不能退一步，犧牲一點自已所謂的自尊，去為愛人分擔一點苦難，去解救愛人于水深火熱，而是為了自已所謂的自尊，不顧羅切斯特的一再哀求，頑固地、狠心地把愛人逼上絕境呢？聰明的簡愛，你跟一個瘋女人在爭什么呢？自尊？為了自已所謂的自尊，你竟置愛人于絕境？你明明知道愛人才是真正的受害者呀！再來看看我們的男主人公是一個多么有情有義之人啊！真相大白后，在談到如何處置瘋女人時，羅切斯特講到“而我又不可能計劃把瘋子移到別的什么地方去，——盡管我有一所老屋子，芬丁莊園，甚至比這兒還要偏僻隱蔽，我滿可以十分安全地讓她住在那兒，可是顧慮到它地處森林中心，不利健康，良心上不忍作這樣的安排。那些潮濕的墻壁說不定就會讓我擺脫她這個負擔。不過同是壞蛋，壞處也各有不同，我的壞處并不在容易間接去謀殺別人，哪怕是我最恨的人。”。羅切斯特很有良心,盡管是對自已最恨的人.他說他不會去間接謀殺別人,而我們那可敬的追求自尊的可人兒呢?她的離去卻把自已的愛人逼到了愛人講良心,不想間接殺人的芬丁莊園。想想我們的男主人公是多么絕望，以至于打發(fā)走了尊敬的女管家，只留下兩個傭人，自我放逐到偏僻的莊園，過著慘淡的生活。當桑府著火后，我們的男主人公冒著生命危險去救在頂樓的瘋女人——法律上的妻子，他最恨的人，他的美好的愛情的障礙。正因為這個人，他失去了明亮的眼睛，強壯的手臂。多么善良的、有情有義的人啊！對他最恨的人尚且如此，何況是對他摯愛的天使呢？可這樣的不幸的好人卻最終不能讓摯愛他的天使為愛犧牲，為愛停留。聰明的簡?愛，善良的、真誠地愛著你的羅切斯特真的值得你停留啊！

簡?愛不該出走。她留下來，兩人都會過得幸福。誰也不敢過多地去指責他們。真相大白后，梅森畢竟心虛，料想幾個月前他親姐姐的“一刀一抓”一定讓他記憶猶新。要不是還受到簡愛的叔叔的囑托說不定他不敢來。羅切斯特再婚他又敢怎么樣，以致于律師問他還有沒有別的事的時候，他迫不及待地催促著律師快走。“牧師留下來跟他那位傲慢的教區(qū)居民談了幾句，不知是告誡呢還是責備。盡到了這個責任之后，他也走了”。從整本書中，筆者想找出幾句指責他們再婚的話卻始終找不到。人們不敢過多地指責他們再婚。但丁說過：“走自已的路，讓別人說去吧。”如果我們的簡愛有足夠的勇氣，肯為愛作一些犧牲，留下來救贖愛人，那只會讓羅切斯特更愛她，更珍惜她，更感激她。如果他們按羅切斯特的計劃，第二天就離開桑府，羅切斯特就不用留下來，瘋狂地絕望地去尋找著簡，最終造成又瞎又殘的悲劇。為了贏得愛情的自尊，竟不惜以愛人的傷殘甚至犧牲為代價，簡?愛夠狠心夠自私的。簡?愛歸來之前并不知道瘋女人已死。與其這樣不顧一切地再回到羅切斯特的身邊，不如根本就不用出走，也不致以讓愛人落得個又瞎又殘、吃盡苦頭的下場。“你的想法是多么是非顛倒！把一個同類逼到絕境，難道比違犯僅僅是人為的法律還好一些么？——這種違犯并不會損害到任何人，因為你既無親又無友，用不著擔心因為跟我一起生活而得罪了他們”。屈尊作為情婦，簡?愛起碼不用受親人的責難，難而她卻不愿退一步，寧愿把愛人逼上絕境。同時，憑簡愛的聰明、善良、熱情、智慧，她一定能贏得別人更多的尊重。當年在勞渥得學(xué)校，督學(xué)咯克爾赫斯特當眾羞辱她是一個撒謊者，她傷心地甚至想死掉的。后來她不是憑著她的智慧最終洗刷了恥辱，贏得了尊重，還在這學(xué)校當了兩年的教師嗎？簡?愛不該出走。

（二）如果瘋女人沒有死。

在簡?愛即將答應(yīng)圣的求婚的時候，冥冥之中，她受到了羅切斯特的召喚終于回到了羅切斯特的身邊。那時，瘋女人已死，羅切斯特成了一個又瞎又殘的落魄之人。而這時的簡愛則成了一個富翁，他們最終迎來了幸福的生活。這是讀者也是作者希望看到的圓滿結(jié)局。而問題是，如果瘋女人沒有被摔死呢？那么在羅切斯特與簡愛之間的愛情障礙就還存在著。那被簡愛看得比生命更重要的平等自尊將面臨更嚴峻的考驗。照簡愛那為求自由平等的愛情可以舍去一切，甚至不惜置愛人于絕境的愛情觀念，她應(yīng)該會選擇再次出走，至死維護自已的人格尊嚴、愛情的平等，不管愛人是瞎了、殘了還是死了。多么冷酷自私而又頑固不化的一顆心啊！簡愛要不要出走？簡愛出走更體現(xiàn)她敢于反抗、自尊獨立的女性形象，也才有后面她跟圣?約翰的故事，才能成就一本好書。但請清醒的讀者不要忽略了隱藏在簡愛那自尊獨立的愛情觀背后的那顆冷酷自私而又頑固不化的心。她極力維護的平等自由的愛情，有時是要以犧牲愛人作為代價的。

四 結(jié)合作者夏洛蒂的人生經(jīng)歷談簡愛的愛情觀 《簡?愛》1847是一部自傳成分很濃的小說，雖然書中的故事是虛構(gòu)的，但是女主人公以及其他許多人物的生活、環(huán)境，甚至許多生活細節(jié)，都是取自作者及其周圍人的真實經(jīng)驗。作者夏洛蒂?勃朗特1816年生于英國北部的一個牧師家庭。母親早逝，八歲的夏洛蒂被送進一所寄宿學(xué)校。在那里生活條件極其惡劣，她的兩個姐姐因染上肺病而先后死去。于是夏洛蒂和妹妹艾米利回到家鄉(xiāng)，在荒涼的約克郡山區(qū)度過了童年。15歲時她進了伍勒小姐辦的學(xué)校讀書，幾年后又在這個學(xué)校當教師。后來她曾作家庭教師，但因不能忍受貴婦人、闊小姐對家庭教師的歧視和刻薄，放棄了家庭教師的謀生之路。她曾打算自辦學(xué)校，為此她在姨母的資助下與艾米利一起去意大利進修法語和德語。然而由于沒有人來就讀，學(xué)校沒能辦成。但是她在意大利學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了她表現(xiàn)自我的強烈愿望，促使她投身于文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的道路。由此可以看出，作者的經(jīng)歷與簡愛的經(jīng)歷是多么相似，甚至連她們的外貌也相差無幾。作者是把自己的愛情理想投入在她所塑造的人物形象中去。簡愛的歷經(jīng)坎坷，平凡，堅強，都是作者自己的真實寫照。因此，這篇小說實際上是作者半真實半虛構(gòu)的愛情故事。也是她在現(xiàn)實生活中無法達成的愿望，到小說中來了卻吧！那么，簡愛的愛情觀，實際上也就是作者夏洛蒂的愛情觀。

五 分析《簡愛》對女性愛情觀的反映和影響，以及其反叛意識在當時社會的先進性。

簡?愛作為愛情小說的女主人公是以前所未有的女性形象出現(xiàn)在這部十九世紀的文學(xué)作品中的。以往愛情故事的女主人公都是些美麗溫柔、高貴賢淑的女子形象。而簡?愛，她“貧窮，低微，不美，矮小”，但她擁有的一顆智慧、堅強、勇敢的心靈，使那些外在的美在這內(nèi)在美面前黯然失色。更為可貴的是簡?愛并不因為自己的貧窮和外貌而自卑，相反，她勇敢堅定：“我和你的靈魂是平等的。”“我跟你一樣有靈魂，——也完全一樣有一顆心！”“我現(xiàn)在不是憑習(xí)俗、常規(guī)，甚至也不是憑著血肉之軀跟你講話——這是我的心靈在跟你的心靈說話，就仿佛我們都已離開了人世，兩人一同站立在上帝的跟前，彼此平等——就像我們本來就是的那樣！”

也正因為此，簡?愛敢于去愛一個社會階層遠遠高于自己的男人，更敢于主動向?qū)Ψ奖戆鬃约旱膼矍椤@在當時的社會是極其大膽的。幸福不再是某個人、某個階層的專利，她屬于蕓蕓眾生的每一個人。只有兩個相互對等的靈魂才能組成一份完整的愛情，所以簡?愛堅持，自身的獨立與追求愛情的完整是不能分離的。后來，簡?愛含著悲痛離開了羅切斯特，也是基于同樣的理由，她決不能允許自己和一個有婦之夫結(jié)合在一起。那會是一份不完整的愛。如果她繼續(xù)留在羅切斯特的身邊，那她也就不會還是原來那個獨立、平等的簡?愛了。如果說簡?愛的這次離去是由于無法改變的現(xiàn)實而不得不做出的一次理性選擇的話，那么她最后的歸來則是她出于堅持感情的追求的又一次理性選擇。

在這里，我們看到的不僅僅是一個如何贏得了男貴族愛情的平民女子的蒼白的灰姑娘的故事。而是簡?愛勇敢果決的走出了灰姑娘的童話，邁向一個有著新女性、真女性的文學(xué)道路的起步。簡?愛藐視財富、社會地位和宗教的威儀，她認為，“真正的幸福，在于美好的精神世界和高尚純潔的心靈。”她的信念和行動展現(xiàn)出來的力量,，深打動了一代又一代讀者的心，使生活在金錢萬能的社會中的人們的靈魂得到凈化。簡?愛是，一個對自己的思想和人格有著理性認識的女性，一個對自己的幸福和情感有著堅定追求的女性，一個不再只是盲從于男人和世俗要求的女性，一個對自己的價值和情感做出了獨立判斷的女性，一個堅強獨立的女性。夏洛蒂?勃朗特創(chuàng)造了一個前所未有的女性形象；簡?愛發(fā)出了一個屬于女性自己的聲音——對于平等、獨立、完整、自由的堅持和追求

第二篇：論簡愛的愛情觀2

論簡愛的愛情觀

十九世紀中期，英國偉大的女性存在主義先驅(qū)，著名作家夏洛蒂勃朗特創(chuàng)作出了她的代表作--《簡愛》，當時轟動了整個文壇，直到現(xiàn)在它的影響還繼續(xù)存在。在作品的序幕、發(fā)展、高潮和結(jié)尾中，女主人公的叛逆、自由、平等、自尊、純潔的個性都是各個重點章節(jié)的主旨，而這些主旨則在女主人公的愛情觀中被展露的淋漓盡致，它們?nèi)缤瑸踉粕戏降男菨h，灼灼閃耀著光芒，照亮著后來的女性者們追求愛情的道路。

讀過《簡·愛》，走近簡·愛，用心體會，從中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們該怎樣更好地去追求和實現(xiàn)女性自我價值，在歷史的輪回中學(xué)習(xí)那些優(yōu)秀女性身上閃光的品格，將它們延續(xù)到現(xiàn)代社會當下的生活中來，讓一代女性生存得更“美”。女性，除開男性的尊重外，我以為最為重要的是，應(yīng)該走一條自重、自尊、自強、自立的路，要知道，只有女性自己才能拯救自身，除此，沒有其他的路。

女性的愛猶如滔滔江水，綿延不絕。女性的身體就是這人間的締造者，是人類真正的依靠和母親。這個世界的一切，所有的文明，哪里沒有女性的影子?從中國古代的女媧和觀世音，西方古代的夏娃和瑪麗亞開始，到現(xiàn)代的幾乎所有形式的藝術(shù)作品，女性都是與人類的命運緊緊相連。在某種程度上，女性就是人類的代表，就是美的代名詞，實在是人類的重中之重。因此女性應(yīng)該為自己自豪，并因此而自重。如果自己輕薄自己，作賤自己，永遠不會得到別人的尊重！

女性應(yīng)該學(xué)會自己維護自己的尊嚴，自己懂得平等的意義和價值。如果有人要你當附屬品，你不但不反對，反而很樂意，這樣的奴顏媚骨自然使別人得寸進尺，把你視做玩偶，玩弄于鼓掌之間。但維護自身尊嚴的時候需實現(xiàn)自強，只有自己強大，才會使別人變得渺小。實現(xiàn)自強一是加強自身的學(xué)習(xí)，像男性一樣更加廣泛地認識這個世界，以免被無知所惑。要知道，我們女性也是撐起世界的半邊天。女性需有獨自生活的能力，且能忍受孤獨和苦難，才能做到臨危不亂，處亂不驚，才能完全不當附屬物，爭取男女之平等。學(xué)會維持生計的本領(lǐng)，自身有自我生活的能力，男子的輕慢和侮辱全都可以當頭棒喝回去，讓他好好地認識到，女性并不是靠男性才能生存，女性是勇敢而又力量的，現(xiàn)代女性不再是過去封建社會里的“裹腳婆，做飯女”，足不出戶，不問世事，我們擁有屬于自己的權(quán)力，我們同樣可以強大起來，自己養(yǎng)活自己，并且活得精彩。

簡·愛平凡的外表下面隱藏著不朽的靈魂，在這個平庸的世界上顯得異常珍貴，灼然奪目。她的不屈不撓，勇于抗爭的精神赫然指明了一條女性的道路，告訴天下所有的女性：“切勿在沉默中沉淪。”

簡·愛是一位自重、自尊、自強、自立的女性。她身處苦海，卻并沒有迷失自我純真的本性。她不漂亮，但善良、樸實、純潔、高尚，沒有絲毫的矯揉造作和偽善之辭。

簡·愛在外表上是夏洛蒂·勃朗特的自畫像，在精神上是夏洛蒂·勃朗特的理想。1847年，這個完整的、純粹的女性形象一出世就征服了當時的出版商，征服了當時如日中天的作家薩克雷，也征服了世界上數(shù)不清的讀者，成為人們心目當中真正具有現(xiàn)代意義的女性象征。

第三篇：簡愛的愛情觀的分析

河北師范大學(xué)

高等教育自學(xué)考試本科畢業(yè)論文

題目:簡愛的愛情觀的分析——解讀《簡愛》

專

業(yè):英語 考生姓名: 考生所在單位: 準考證號: 導(dǎo)師姓名: 聯(lián)系電話：

完成日期：

****年**月**日

An Analysis of Jane Eyre’s Love Value

——On Jane Eyre

BY

***

Prof.*****，tutor

Submitted to the B.A.Committee in Partial Fulfillment for the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the English Department of Hebei Teachers University

February 14, 2012

Contents 摘 要????????????????????? III Abstract ????????????????????IV Introduction ???????????????????1 Chapter I Jane Eyre’s Love Value???????? 4

A.Her Rebellion and Love Value???????????? 4 B.Her Attitude Towards Men?????????????? 5 C.Her Female Consciousness 6

Chapter II The Formation of Jane Eyre’s Love Value ?8

A.The Background of the Society????????????8 B.The Formulation of Her Character ??????????9 C.The Love of Jane Eyre and Rochester ?????????10

Chapter III The Significance of Jane Eyre’s Love Value ???????????????????? 16

A.Showing Her Unique Character ?????????? 16 B.Awakening Her Feminist Consciousness???????? 17 C.The Growth of A New Woman ??????????????19

Conclusion ??????????????????? 20 Notes ??????????????????????22 Bibliography ??????????????????23

摘 要

《簡?愛》是一部自傳體小說，它是英國女小說家夏洛蒂?勃朗特的第一部長篇小說。作者以第一人稱的自敘手法，為我們描述了一個反抗社會壓力，充滿反叛和獨立精神的女性形象。小說以其獨特的藝術(shù)魅力，展示其充滿愛、激情與理性的深刻內(nèi)涵。本文分析了文本的主要藝術(shù)形象，通過一系列例證揭示了作者的意圖和文本反映的主題。這種描述使文本人物形象豐滿，有血有肉，同時揭示了作者隱含在文本中的反叛思想。樸實的女主人公簡?愛，在傳統(tǒng)的社會壓力下，追求著自己的獨立和忠實的愛情。

關(guān)鍵詞 ：反抗，性格，愛情觀，女性意識

III

Abstract

Jane Eyre is a piece of autobiographical fiction, which is British woman novelist Charlotte Bronte’s first novel published in 1849.Creating a female image who is against social pressure with rebellion and independence.The novel is filled with love, passion and reason, and maintains its unique artistic charm.This thesis analyzes some major characters in the novel and takes a lot of examples to show the author’s intention and reflect the love theme.Bringing character to life also suggests the author’s resistant spirit.The heroine of Jane Eyre, a plain and little girl, lives under traditional pressure to pursue independence and love loyalty.This thesis aims at her sense of love.Under her rebellion and self-respect, she literally has got a fiery heart for her love.Key Words: Resistance, character, love value, female consciousness

IV

Introduction This thesis discusses the love value of Jane Eyre.Jane Eyre is Charlotte’s best literary production.In writing it, the author drew a great deal from her own life-experience.The novel shows us a new woman on 19th century in England.Jane Eyre is one with a long history of literary works.It has a history of 152 years, it successfully portrays a women image who is dare to struggle, to fight for freedom and equality of status of the society.It is Charlotte Bronte’s best literary production.Bronte uses her experience as teacher and governess to address certain social ambiguities common in the 1800s.Though often better educated than their employers, governesses were socially far below them, not quite servant but definitely not equal.Morally, our heroine is several notches above the man she refers to as Master.Jane’s assertion to Rochester on more than one occasion that she is his equal is especially poignant.She declines to become his mistress, preferring to choose a path that leaves her penniless but not morally bankrupt.She declares, “The more solitary, the more friendless, the more unsustained I am, the more I will respect myself.”【1】

Erik Knies’ introduction of his edition is rich with insight about Bronte’s life and the creation of this classic novel.This is a great book to visit for the first time during the long cold winter, or revisit for those of us who haven’t picked it up in a decade or so.Beautiful language never goes out of style.Erik Knies said in his essay: “Goodness, of all virtues and dignities of the mind, is the greatest, being the character of the Deity, and without it, man is a busy, mischievous, wretched thing, no better than a kind of vermin.”【2】

That is to say a person without goodness is destined to lose everything.In the novel some people seem to doubt the existence of the goodness in humanity.They attach importance to money and benefit.But in Jane’s opinion, money is not the only real object while emotions and morality are more important.She pays attention to honesty and kindness of people.And in this novel, the heroine’s adamancy, independent, rebellion fully displays her intense female consciousness.Female consciousness is woman’s self-consciousness of status in the objective world.It is a personal motive to stimulate women’s pursuit for independence, freedom, initiative, creativity.Concretely speaking, female consciousness means women wake up and fulfill her historical mission, social responsibility, personal obligation, meanwhile they know their self-feature well and take part in social activities in their own ways.This thesis aims at Jane Eyre’s sense of love.Under her rebellion 2 and self-respect, she literally has got a fiery heart for her love.3 Chapter I Jane Eyre’s Love Value

Love is the most beautiful characteristic of human beings’ life.And love cannot be measured by status, power or property.To most people, they like to seek a meaningful, romantic relationship resulting in love, commitment, companionship and happiness.For people, it is most important that a man and a woman have heart and feelings that find a perfect response, and also have mutual affinity.Jane and Rochester get true love after a lot of sufferings.After acquaintance, then attracting each other, and falling in love deeply, they meet many obstacles.A.Her Rebellion and Love Value Jane is poor, plain and diminutive, but in front of love, she displayed the unusual courage and astonishing bold.She expressed her love to her lover bravely instead of licking her shoes and currying favoring with him.On the contrary, she expressed in just and severe terms that should maintain independence and keep initiative as well as the equality of the sexes.Rochester has fallen in love with her special personality.Just like Rochester said:“but regarding limpid vision, fluent enunciation, regarding that enthusiasm like fire mind, both full of affection and steady, also docile firm prefers death to humiliation the disposition, I am actually gentle and faithful forever”.【3】 What an exquisite summary, Rochester loves Jane Eyre’s character with kind, wise, self—respect and firm.She announced that the true basis of marriage could not be other, except love.A true love dose not depend on external conditions, it is based only on the mutual understanding, respect and attraction.This reflected her views about the value of human, she believed that the value of a person was not relied on the property, status and qualification as well as other external factors but on the internal factors such as thought, moral character, and intelligence and so on.Jane Eyre resolutely proved that true love could break through the gap between age, and background experience of the different natural or man-made barriers, so long as men and women could achieve the spiritual conjunction, mind communication.Marriage without love is not only painful but also pitiful.True love is mutual communication between hearts as well as mutual contribution.When Jane Eyre knew that Rochester was ready to marry pretty and young lady but still wanted Jane Eyre to stay with him, she got greatly hurt.Therefore, she announced loudly to Rochester: “Is it only because I am penniless, have an ordinary look and can not attract public attention that I have no soul and heart? I have the same rich heart as yours.I’m not speaking to you according to the conventions and customs nor with my flesh body.It is my soul that is pouring out to your soul, as if we two are passing through the tombs standing under the feet of God, absolutely equal to each other.” [4] This is not only the love mainfesto of seeking freedom and equality.B.Her Attitude Towards Men Jane Eyre left when she found the secret of Rochester’s mad wife.Rochester’s mad wife became the main hindrance between Jane and Rochester.Bertha Mason.Obviously, the plot is the criticism on English marriage system.However, Jane refused to cohabit with Rochester after their marriage was disclosed.She would rather get a marriage which is permitted and admired by other members in the society than be a mistress, which is looked down upon according to the leading trend of thought.Love is importantto Jane Eyre, but character and esteem is more important.“The more I am single, alone and no one to depend on, the more I respect myself”[5] what Jane Eyre wants is the love with respect.So she, refusing herself as Rochester’s lover and defending for her own dignity, has chosen the latter.It is known that men are superior to women.They go to good school;they can be officer;they can be businessmen as well;and they also have right to do everything.Women are only the affiliate of men.Women have no status.The reason why Jane Eyre gets highly apprises is that it portrays an image out of ordinariness.Jane Eyre is not reconciled to play the role that the society appointed.She maintains her respect by her hard working, wisdom, and the strong individualism.She believes that human is equal at God’s feet.The relationship between Jane Eyre and Rochester changes from host and servant to equal couple.Jane Eyre struggles continually to achieve equality and to overcome oppression.In addition to class hierarchy, she must fight against those who believe women are inferior to men.Three central male figures threaten her desire for equality and dignity: Mr.Brocklehurst, Edward Rochester, and St.John Rivers, each try to keep Jane in a submissive position, where she is unable to express her own thoughts and feelings.In her quest for independence and self—knowledge, she must escape from Brocklehurst, reject St.John and come to Rochester only after ensuring that they may get married equally.She will not rely solely on Rochester for love and she can be financially independent.Jane rejects marriages to Rochester and St.John because she understands she will have to forfeit her independence in the unions, and marry Rochester only when she has attained the financial independence and self-respect to maintain a marriage of equality.Jane Eyre’s rejection to John’s propose has further indicate her love view: a genuine love is equal, a marriage with love is happy.C.Her Female Consciousness Jane Eyre’s women consciousness is far beyond Victorian times.In 19th century, women did not have any status.They were discriminated against and conceived of as a people inferior to men.That was why Jane Eyre was criticized by some people.Lionel Stevenson said, “Jane Eyre was an intolerable renegade from all the standards of behavior expected of respectable girls.”[6]

In Jane’s life, she never stops struggling against miserable life and misfortune.She has not noble position, an illustrious background, wealth or a beautiful appearance.The only proud thing for her is her self-respect which is supported by her self-confidence and her staunch independence.She never expects that Rochester can love her because she thinks there is a big gap between them forever.When they fall in love, Jane has to keep her self-respect and impendence in case of losing herself.What she can give to Rochester is only her love, her infatuation, her spiritual support and nothing else.However, what Rochester gives her is more than hers.He can also improve Jane Eyre’s social status and increase her wealth.This situation makes her feel that they are not quite equal and her independence is also threatened.Jane’s women consciousness and her struggling experience set a brilliant example for the female worldwide.Her spirit encourages women to fight for liberation.Jane Eyre tells not only what an independent woman is like but also what a successful woman should do.7 Chapter II The Formation of Jane Eyre’s

Love Value The most distinctive character of Jane is the resistance, the continuous resistance.As a young girl, she is ill treated by her aunt, however, Jane Eyre finds her boundless confidence and tough spirit, and a kind of inner power cannot be defeated.Her resistance is related to her life environment.She is poor but aspiring, small in body but huge in soul.In her opinion, everyone is the same at God’s feet.A.The Background of the Society In the nineteenth century, Britain was full of male hegemony, the whole social ideology was at the centre of the male position to maintain social order, the power system and the mainstream group of male interests, so that women are in the edge of society, in terms of ideology dominated by male gender in the mainstream society.It will violate the order of Nature and religious tradition if a woman trys to cultivate her intellect.Jane Eyre fails to escape from the trend of thought, which is illustrated by a lot of factors.The work initiated the spirit of women seeking self-autonomy, at the same time, it still has a profound impact of contemporary society, the spirit does not yield to pressure, courage to challenge setbacks, seem commendable today.During the period from 1830s to 1840s, the labor movement was vigorously forging ahead in the Northern Industry Zone.There appeared gatherings and demonstrations with numerous participants who yelled the revolutionary slogans in Manchester and its neighboring factories and urban areas;then England practiced the reform of the bourgeois democracy under which the government departments seemingly carried out a series of measures for democratic reform.For instance passed the bill, the females worked to ten hours.However, it was far from the acquisition of the so-called right of equality even if the chartist movement didn’t come up with the proposal for equality of the opposite sexes.So then in the England, it was impossible for females to find a niche in the society, particularly the women falling within the category of the petty bourgeoisie though they were educated, yet they had no proprieties, so they lacked the very competitiveness in the marriage market and tended to suffer from snubs and poverty, having depended on other persons for support and being left stranded penniless.For those female of upper society, the marriage or life-long accompanied the parents became their finally choice.For the poor female in the society, no matter married or unmarried, all must in the farm, the inn, store and so on.After the industrial development initially, they can work in the factory.The description is a cruel picture of the reality of the 19th century in England.B.The Formulation of Her Character Jane was extremely firm and unyielding in character, when she held the wedding ceremony with Rochester in church, the identity of Rochester’s crazy wife was exposed, Jane suffered a severe test, she realized: wedding can not carry on, leaving in secret as what Rochester required was immoral, leaving him such a painful choice, but there was only one answer—leave him “I care about myself.”[7]

In spite of Rochester’s retaining repeatedly, she insisted on leaving, having nobody to turn to or for help all the way, even to the point of begging for food, she did not return.Having experienced so many hardships and sufferings, she never changed ,the natural characters of honesty in her, when her aunt, Mrs Read, who had mistreated her and left a severe wound in her childhood heart, was badly ill and dying.Jane returned to Gateshead Palace, expressed her sympathy for the helpless old woman, she learned to forgive her enemy.When confronted with a huge legacy inherited from her overseas uncle, Jane came up with a very wise solution which was neither greedy nor out of just, she divided the legacy equally with her cousins.After returning to St.Field, faced with the ruins burnt by a big fire and the former lover who had become a blind man, Jane didn’t show any disappointment and sadness at all, she was loyal to her love, she married Rochester determinedly in adversity.The belief and action of seeking for freedom and equality showed in Jane reflected, in effect, the requests of the newly rising bourgeoisie after the Industry Revolution.Though, as industry was developing very quickly, the whole England was at the transition from an agricultural country to an industrious one, the position of noble class was in imminent danger.The noble were still maintaining their social position with the class idea.The bourgeoisie who became increasingly stronger in economy had to break the old class idea in order to establish its corresponding political position and to prove that “everyone is equal before God”[8].The heroin, Jane Eyre who saw the freedom and equality as her own life, was completely different from the traditional women who were mild, submitted and dependent on men in economy.Her most distinctive character was rebellion, her resistance and rebellion were challenges against the traditional ideas, taking a rather complicated love story as the holder, Jane Eyre presents us a woman figure that embodied some requests of the newly born bourgeoisie, portrayed the spirit of the Industry Revolution Age, the purpose of this book was not simply calling for the compassion of the readers, but expressing her thoughts and emotions.C.The Love of Jane Eyre and Rochester Love is the most beautiful characteristic of human beings’ life.And love cannot be measured by status, power or property.To most people, they like to seek a meaningful, romantic relationship resulting in love, commitment, companionship and happiness.For people, it is most important that a man and a woman have heart and feelings that find a perfect response, and also have mutual affinity.Jane and Rochester get true love after a lot of sufferings.After acquaintance, then attracting each other, and falling in love deeply, they meet many obstacles.The environment of which Jane Eyre worked as a governess makes her the only subject for the master — Rochester to communicate with.As we know, Jane was sent to a charity school and stayed there for eight years.During the period, Jane suffered a lot, but at the same time she gained a lot, especially enriched and accumulated her knowledge and it’s the knowledge and experience which she learnt at Lowood laid her good foundation for the future work.And at Thornfield, Jane is the only intelligent person for Rochester to talk to although he didn’t want very much to talk with her.However, Rochester is a communicative person, he needs a person to be his listener.In Rochester’s opinion, it’s not impossible for Jane to know many things and learn a lot at the limited place—Lowood , however, he is learned, old enough to be her father and much experienced.So he can order her to do everything he likes, and when he talks with her, the superiority and condescension expresses thoroughly.And Rochester himself felt strange that he said “ should choose you(refer to Jane)for the confidant of all this, young lady: passing strange that you should listen to me quietly, as if it were the most usual thing in the world for a man like me to tell stories of his operamistresses to a quaint, inexperienced girl like you!” “you, with your gravity, considerateness, and caution were made to be the recipient of secrets.”[9]

But Jane can understand Rochester, so he wants to communicate with her because they can share the common language.Although Ingram is 11 attractive, accomplished and has a honourable family, she is apathetic, lofty and looks down upon others including the governess — Jane Eyre.And Ingram “used to repeat sounding phrases from books;she never offered, nor had, an opinion of her own.She advocate a high tone of sentiment;but she did not know the sensations of sympathy and pity: tenderness and truth were not in her.”[10]

After she observed her master attentively, Jane thought that: “ he is not of their(refer to Ingram and other rich people around Rochester)kind.I believe he is of mine;I am sure he is, I feel akin to him, I understand the language of his countenance and movements: though rank and wealth sever us widely, I have something in my brain and heart, in my blood and nerves, that assimilates me mentally to him.” [11]

From the passage above, we can see that Mr.Rochester is not easy to approach, and looks down upon others, especially persons ignorant of knowledge.If she has not studied six years and taught two years at Lowood School.Jane can’t advertise in the newspaper and get the job as the governess and she has no chance to communicate with her master in Rochester’s home if she hasn’t studied so much knowledge at Lowood.If they can’t communicate with each, they can’t know each other and it’s impossible for them to understand each other and even love each other.So we can’t imagine the linking up and understanding without knowledge.We always say that bad luck is precious property to a person.And there is a very famous saying: No pains, no gains.I think that Jane can get her job and love because of the severe management and her own hard-working at Lowood.And it’s her knowledge and experience learnt and accumulated at Lowood that makes our heroin Jane get her seeking justice and independence and in the end the love she is long for.From the first meeting with Rochester, we can see Jane’s position as a helper in Mr.Rochester’s mind.When one afternoon she is on her 12 way to the post office, Jane meets with Mr.Rochester unexpectedly.And after, she offers him help several times since he falls from his horse;Mr.Rochester still “had hardly turned his eyes in Jane’s direction before”[12].From this sentence we can see that Mr.Rochester is very haughty, he is not a man who is amiable and easy to approach.As an ordinary person, we should express our good manners to a stranger if others offers us help, but Mr.Rochester shows his ideas quite different.From their first meeting unexpectedly, Mr.Rochester knows the girl who helps him out of the trouble on his way to his home Thornfield is his governess.However, let’s see how our hero-Rochester’s attitude to Jane at his own home as a master.One evening when she is told at last by Mrs.Fairfax to have tea with Mr.Rochester in the drawing-room, Jane regards his first invitation as a ceremony and prepares it stately.From these statements above, it’s not difficult to see Mr.Rochester is a haughty and indifferent man either to his servant or to a person，he does not know much perhaps as far as he is concerned, he has nothing to say to his employees except giving them orders because he does not think his employees have the same languages to talk with.As we know, he is a bachelor and he has traveled many nations of the world.Not only the knowledge but also the experiences can make him superior to them.So he seems to look down upon any persons in his home.Mr.Rochester and Jane fall in love concerns and have revealed a lot of problem of United Kingdom society and tell to reader: What is the amatory basis? How to gain happy marriage? What position should the woman have in the family? That is to say, it is most important that a man and a woman have heart and feelings that find a perfect response, and also have mutual affinity.Shakespeare says: “the course of true love never runs smooth.” Jane and Rochester get true love after a lot of sufferings.Jane loves Rochester 13 deeply always-from the beginning to the end.There should be no distinction of property, rank or age in true love.Jane falls in love with Mr.Rochester.He who has rich experience and wisdom is softhearted, wealthy and in high rank as well as having pride and rudeness.Jane loves him, but not for his wealth and high rank, because he treats her equally and in a friendly manner, although she is poor and in low position.She is such an excellent girl, good, intelligent, considerate that Rochester is attracted to her.It is Jane not someone else Rochester loves.In order to lead a life of independence, Jane works as a governess at Thornfield Hall.She is looked down upon by the rich ladies of the fashionable society, but she never despises herself, she never feels herself inferior.She is satisfied with, and even proud of her honest, independence work.Rochester is attracted to her qualification of mind, courage, independence, and strong personality, and falls in love with her.But it is Jane Eyre who declares her love to Rochester before he makes his sentiment clear to her: “Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless?” she cries, “You think wrong!-I have as much soul as you,-and full as much heart!And if god had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you.I am not talking to you through the medium of custom, conversation, nor even of mortal flesh;it is my spirit that addresses your spirit;just as if both had passed though the grave, and we stood at God’s feet, equal, as we are!”

[13]

Here, “equal” is the word, she loves Rochester just because he regards her as a human being, or more importantly, as an equal person.Equality is what she strives for, and in him she finds what she strives for.It shows that Jane is not very mature in mind.Without Rochester, her material life can’t be affected, but she can’t part from Rochester 14 in spirit and emotion.Rochester wins Jane’s heart, because she feels they are kindred spirits, and because he is the first person in the novel to offer Jane lasting love and a real home.Jane is honest, noble, pure, intelligent not to accept contaminating of common customs society, she has accepted his love just now, and has agreed to get married with Rochester.15 Chapter III The Significance of Jane Eyre’s

Love Value

A.Showing Jane Eyre is important history of English classical literature, and it successfully created the first female image who can take the aggressive attitude for the love and life, social and religious.At the same time, she also dares to fight for freedom and equality for the women status.A.Showing Her Unique Character Jane Eyre is Charlotte’s best literary production.In writing it, the author drew a great deal from her own life-experience.Jane Eyre, the daughter of a poor parson.She loses her parents shortly after her birth and the poor girl has to live in her aunt’s home.Her aunt, Mrs.Reed, is a very unsympathetic woman and treats her very badly.One day, unable to bear the maltreatment any longer, Jane tells straight to her what she thinks of her.Mrs.Reed is so angry that she gets rid of Jane by sending her to a charity school which is just for poor girls in Lowood.Maltreatmented again by the cruel masters there, Jane stays there for eight long years, six in studies, and two in the capacity of a teacher.Then she gets the position of governess for the daughter of Mr.Rochester, a rich squire.Mr.Rochester falls in love with Jane and she also loves him so much.They are about to get married when Jane gets to know that Mr.Rochester has a mad wife who is secretly kept under lock and key in the attic of the house.Jane is shocked by this and she finds she can not persuade herself to stay.So she goes through many hardships.Nearly dying on the moors, she is taken in and saved by the Reverend St.John Rivers who also helps her to get the job as a teacher in a village school.Meanwhile, a great misfortune befalls upon Mr.Rochester : he loses his sight during a fire which destroys the house, set by his mad wife who dies tragically by jumping off the roof in spite of his attempt to save her.Hearing that Mr.Rochester is penniless and disabled, Jane Eyre hurries back to him and becomes his wife eventually.As an orphan ,since her early childhood, Jane feels exiled and ostracized at the beginning of the novel, and the cruel treatment she receives from her aunt Reed and her cousins only exacerbates her feeling of alienation.Afraid that she will never find a true sense of home or community, Jane feels the need to belong somewhere, to find “kin,” or at least “kindred spirits.”

In her search for freedom, Jane also struggles with the question what type of freedom she wants.While Rochester initially offers Jane a chance to liberate her passions, Jane comes to realize that such freedom could also mean enslavement—by living as Rochester’s mistress, she would be sacrificing her dignity and integrity for the sake of her feelings.St.John Rivers offers Jane another kind of freedom: the freedom to act unreservedly on her principles.He opens to Jane the possibility of exercising her talents fully by working and living with him in India.Jane eventually realizes that this freedom would also constitute a form of imprisonment, because she would be forced to keep her true feelings and her true passions always in check.Charlotte Bronte may have created the character of Jane Eyre as a means of coming to terms with elements of her own life.Much evidence suggests that Bronte, who also struggled to find a balance between love and freedom and to find others who understood her.At many points in the book, Jane shows the author’s opinions on religion, social class, and gender.B.Awakening Her Feminist Consciousness The unyielding pursuit, self-confidence based on knowledge and conscience, and the capacity of criticizing the reality from Jane Eyre, are the rational severeign spirit of “I think therefore I am” from Cartesian.It is with wisdom, courage and knowledge to build a newly-free social relation that Jane opposed initially, was dignified and gained approval and respect later.And with her hard-working devoting of self-proved spirit since childhood, she actively fought for the basic severeign right for love and marriage while obeying the golden moral rule of “has the earnest and on others”.From Jane, we can't see the charming and sensuous qualities of women in Turgenev's book;we can't see the hesitated and submissive qualities in Zola's and Maupasant's book;we also can't see the slavery destiny in Hardy's book.“Passive, dedication, gentle, elegant,” which was strongly described by the writers in the old days to educate and mold their generation and beyond, but was not allowed to be appeared in modern women.Experienced the long-term excercise in public and society, the unstable situation can't make the modern women complain and the teasing of fate can't make them surrender.Jane owns what these modern women should have.In this period that men's leading culture exists in every corner of women's life, Jane sternly removed the great and the strong of men.She deeply revealed that the men's power was built beyond women's ignorance and submissive, and she clearly understood that it's impossible for men to be women's rescuer because in contrast, sometimes men are in more need of being rescured by women.It is because of her strong will and always-sensible mind as well as her patience and calmness, Rochester trusts her more than anyone.Every time faced with danger, he instinctively turns to Jane and tells her “I need you” to gain the power to live again.We can say that in the association with Jane, Rochester is totally attracted by Jane's noble characteristic that he entirely relies on Jane mentally and lively.18 C.The Growth of A New Woman As a foreign literature, most of women who have read Charlotte's Jane like it so much.If we think Charlotte's just to write this touching love and write Jane Eyre.We are wrong.The author is also a woman living in the UK fluctuation change in the middle of the 19th century, when thoughts have a brand new start.While in Jane Eyre ,the most important is the thought of women’s independent consciousness.Let us imagine, if Jane's independence, have been killed in her miserable childhood, If she didn't have the independence and live together with those terrible relatives , Rochester, who has much money to start a new life of status, If she wasn’t that pure, now we only have moving tears for this.Conclusion From the paper it is seen that Jane Eyre is worthy to love and to be loved.Her love is based on equality and independence, having nothing to do with status, power or property.She is not tempted with money and doesn’t want to be mistress of Rochester for money.Her love is loyal and steadfast.Jane Eye needs true love, and she overcomes the obstacles in the process of pursing true love.At last, she succeeds and lives a happy life with her lover.Through the detailed analysis of Jane Eyre’s character, it is known that whatever difficulties one encounters in his life, facing them bravely is the only way that one can do.Everybody has the rights to pursue happiness, to pursue the true spirit of life, which can be seen from Jane Eyre’s independence and toughness.So there is a independent woman who pursues true love and equality, and is a good example of all women.Jane Eyre is an orphan, and was ill-treated as a little girl.She strives for her life, which makes her tough character and strong self-respect.Because of her childhood’s life environment, she learns how to live.Also just for her growing experiences, it creates her strong personality, beautiful ideal and wisdom.Jane Eyre is a special image out of ordinary.She makes a life by herself, dares to express her own idea.Under the pressure of life, she always maintains her self-respect by hard work, intelligence and her tough individualism.She never gives in on her way.Though she has little figure, Jane Eyre is huge in soul.She pursues true love and is loyal and steadfast to her beloved man.Her kindness, intelligence, and independence attract the hero.At last she gets a perfect love.We can also say that Jane written by Charlotte is not flawed, but she conforms with human feelings, she is a woman rather than an angel, 20 a soul with and blood of the soul, With all kinds of human weaknesses and the advantages of a woman rather than a model.This is her psychological choice, her values, and she is actively to the struggle to fight, to fight for their own happiness, which is her right, as everyone should be allowed to own better.21

Notes [1] Bronet Charlotte, Jane Eyre(Oxford University ,1990),17-19 [2]Erik Knies,The Art of Charlotte Bronte,(Athens:Universty,1987),29-46 [3] Harris,Laurie Lanzen, Jane Eyre Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism,(Detroit: Gale Research Company,1982),42-43.[4] Harris,Laurie Lanzen, Jane Eyre Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism,(Detroit: Gale Research Company,1982),52.[5] Bronet, Charlotte, Jane Eyre(Oxford University ,1990),20-25 [6]Martin,Robert

Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），23-24 [7] Bronet, Charlotte, Jane Eyre(Oxford University ,1990),35-37 [8] Martin,Robert

Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），66 [9] Eagleton,Terry, Modern Critical Interpretation: Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre,(Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987),50-56.[10]Martin,Robert

Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），30-34.[11] Martin,Robert Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），41-44.[12] Bronet Charlotte, Jane Eyre(Oxford University ,1990)，54-62 [13]Martin,Robert

Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），53-57.Bibliography Bronte, Charlotte.Jane Eyre.Oxford University Press 1990.Eagleton, Terry.Modern Critical Interpretations: Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre.Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers,1987.Erik Knies.The Art of Charlotte Bronte.Athens:University,1969.Harris, Laurie Lanzen.Jane Eyre Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism.Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1982.Martin, Robert Bernard.Charlotte Bronte’s Novels.London:Faber, 1966.Oates, Joyce Carol.Introduction of Jane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte.New York: Bantam Books,1987.Patrica Thompson.The Noble Body of Governesses.London:Oxford University Press,1956.Williams M.Women in the English Novel.Macmillan Press Ltd,1984.陳圓圓，論《簡·愛》中的女性意識。湖北經(jīng)濟學(xué)院學(xué)校報,2007,(1)杜榮芳，從《簡·愛》中的愛情與婚姻看兩性關(guān)系中女性的屈從地位。重慶工學(xué)院學(xué)報,2006,(10)田兆耀，《西方文學(xué)鑒賞》。北京：中國廣播電視出版社，2002 陶德臻，《世界文學(xué)名著選讀》。北京：高等教育出版社，2002 王守仁，《英國文學(xué)選讀》。北京：高等教育出版社，2005 楊正和，《外國文學(xué)名作欣賞》。北京：科學(xué)出版社，1999

第四篇：論簡愛與現(xiàn)代女性愛情觀比較,開題報告

中文系畢業(yè)論文開題報告

題目：簡·愛與現(xiàn)代女性愛情觀比較 開題時間：2012年1月

一、選題意義

（一）研究的現(xiàn)狀綜述

簡·愛已成為唯美愛情的一個典型，是世界文學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域方面一個引人注目的方面。近年來研究更是層出不窮，并且出現(xiàn)一些專門研究簡·愛的專門學(xué)者，主要有這些周美池《論<簡·愛>不同時代的意義——以女主人公形象為例》、周雙《關(guān)于簡.愛雙重性格的分析》、譚蒙革《簡·愛女性形象分析》、黃興軍《<簡·愛>中的永恒魅力 ——解析小說<簡·愛>中女性反抗性格的形成》等等。這些都是國內(nèi)研究的主要狀況。

對簡·愛的研究主要集中在各個高校中，主要表現(xiàn)為在各大學(xué)學(xué)報以及出版社發(fā)表論文的形式，比如論黃岡師范學(xué)院刊載的龔玲的《<簡·愛>的女性哥特式特征》、泉州師專學(xué)報刊載的李紅萍的《論簡愛獨立人格形象的塑造》、牡丹江大學(xué)黃興軍《<簡·愛>中的永恒魅力 ——解析小說<簡·愛>中女性反抗性格的形成》等等。這一系列是對夏洛蒂作品中簡·愛這一人物形象的進一步挖掘，對后代人認識夏洛蒂和簡·愛以及她的其他作品都有很大的幫助。

（二）研究的理論價值

夏洛蒂·勃朗特是英國文學(xué)史上第一個表現(xiàn)女性追求獨立、自由主題的人，她的作品被視為“現(xiàn)代女性小說”的楷模。她的代表作《簡·愛》塑造了一個出身寒微，長相平庸的、矮小的簡愛，但她卻是一個有著強烈自尊個性魅力的女性，她的魅力在于個性的力量，她善于思考，捍衛(wèi)人格獨立，敢于表達自己的愛憎。簡·愛用自尊、自愛與自強的內(nèi)在美好人性喚醒了另一顆懂得珍惜女性的心靈，簡·愛的出現(xiàn)標志著歐洲文學(xué)史上新女性的誕生。

簡·愛這一形象一直被人們視為不甘屈辱、追求平等、為維護女性的人格尊嚴而勇于抗爭的精神典范，她雖然矮小，貧寒，長得又不美，但卻直爽，單純，倔強，自尊自立，敢于追求真正意義上的愛情。這種性格特征不知吸引了多少人，打動了了多少讀者的心。許多女權(quán)主義者都以簡愛為模范榜樣。

（三）研究的現(xiàn)實意義

而今社會中的“快餐愛情”，越來越讓人們瞠目結(jié)舌。愛情在本質(zhì)上沒有貴賤之分,也沒有貧富之差，更沒有地域之別。可在現(xiàn)實生活中自古以來就存在著“門當戶對”、“磚門對磚門、土門對土門”的不良習(xí)俗，愛情在金錢與權(quán)勢面前出現(xiàn)的悲劇司空見慣。時至今日，在當今市場經(jīng)濟的利益驅(qū)動下，拜金拜權(quán)主義的思潮滲透到婚姻和家庭之中，使愛情蒙上了灰暗的面紗，但這一切的背后現(xiàn)代女性渴望的卻是簡.愛般唯美的愛情。

愛情是個永恒不變的話題，細細品味就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論是簡·愛還是現(xiàn)代女性所追求的愛情都是以平等、以心靈的契合為前提的。一百多年前的簡·愛要求的愛情就是民主、平等的。同樣現(xiàn)代女性愛情的基礎(chǔ)也是平等與民主，而且對這方面的要求比簡·愛那個年代還要更高。在現(xiàn)代社會生活中，女人和男人是平等的，女人不再是家庭的附庸，她們不僅像男人一樣有自己的事業(yè)，同時擁有自己的朋友圈子，有自己的獨立空間。她們不僅要求物質(zhì)上的平等，更要求精神上的相互尊重、相互理解，使彼此成為心靈的依靠與歸宿。

二、前人研究的狀況（需較具體分類分析）：

（一）情感角度，比如許藝萍《簡·愛和現(xiàn)代女性愛情觀比較》、孫偉民《自卑情結(jié)造就了簡愛鮮明的人格魅力——解析<簡·愛>》等等，這些作品大體上是從愛情、親情上分析的。

（二）人物形象角度，譚蒙革《簡.愛女性形象分析》、胡晴《論<簡愛>的女性意識》等等，主要是從簡.愛和現(xiàn)代女性的角度來寫的。

（三）生命意識形態(tài)角度，胡晴《論<簡·愛>的女性意識》、李紅萍《論簡愛獨立人格形象的塑造》等等，都是從簡.愛堅強的生命意識方面的問題。

（四）創(chuàng)作意識角度，黃興軍《<簡·愛>中的永恒魅力 ——解析小說<簡·愛>中女性反抗性格的形成》，是從簡·愛的思想意識方面寫的。

三、我的研究角度、研究的主要內(nèi)容及創(chuàng)新之處：

（一）研究角度：從愛情的角度，對簡·愛與現(xiàn)代女性進行比較、歸納總結(jié)。

（二）研究的主要內(nèi)容：主要研究的是簡·愛與現(xiàn)代女性的愛情，這里主要針對的是夏洛蒂《簡·愛》中的唯美愛情的存在意義。論文要表現(xiàn)出的比較主要從這兩大方面來進行描述：一方面是時代的對比，簡.愛與現(xiàn)代女性她們生活在不同的時代。另一方面是歸納她們各自對愛情的執(zhí)著與自私。通過這兩大方面整體架構(gòu)這篇論文，使得全文條理清楚，目的明確，使自己加深對簡.愛愛情精髓的理解，同時從深層次上感受唯美愛情的真諦，使自己浮躁的心靈得到一次深刻的洗禮。

（三）創(chuàng)新之處：打破對簡.愛愛情原來的認識，以具體的作品為文本，在簡.愛的性格特征、人物形象、愛情觀等問題上以新的理論為依據(jù)，與當今社會中的“快餐愛情”進行比較，對簡.愛的愛情進行新的認識。

四、研究步驟、方法

（一）研究步驟：本篇論文是文學(xué)性的論文，針對它的特點，我采用的研究步驟主要有以下幾個：搜集資料、整理資料、撰寫論文。搜集資料是寫好一篇論文的必要準備，材料的多少直接關(guān)系到論文內(nèi)容的價值量的大小。我搜集資料的途徑主要是通過圖書館查詢、網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索等等。資料搜集好以后就要對資料進行篩選和整理，要緊緊扣住本篇論文的中心對資料進行整理，去除于論題無關(guān)的，保留與論題有關(guān)的，使資料更系統(tǒng)化。最后一個步驟就是對整理好的資料進行加工，即撰寫論文。這個階段是最重要的一部分，首先要確定文章的主題，再者要注意文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，另外遣詞造句也是必須要注意的問題。

（二）研究方法：文本分析、性格分析、比較分析等。

五、我的研究條件：

（一）基于我對簡.愛的了解。早在高中的時候我就讀了夏洛蒂的《簡·愛》，并在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了外國文學(xué)后，對她的《簡·愛》有了進一步的了解，當然，最大程度上還是基于我對簡.愛對羅切斯特真誠而執(zhí)著的愛而感動的，讀《簡·愛》使我對愛情的理解上升到另一個層次，所以我選擇了寫這個論題。

（二）相關(guān)資料比較豐富。國內(nèi)外文學(xué)研究中對《簡·愛》的研究有很多，這就對我查找資料提供了方便，同時，在本校的圖書館中有很多有關(guān)研究《簡·愛》的書籍，這在很大程度上也減輕了我收集資料的負擔。

（三）時間充裕。現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是大四了，相對以往課程量要小的多，所以可以認真的去做收集資料、整理資料這一類事情，力爭為寫好這篇論文做好充分的準備。

六、主要參考文獻（10種以上）： [1]譚蒙革.簡.愛女性獨立形象分析[J].讀與寫雜志，2011，（5）.[2]周美池.論《簡·愛》不同時代的意義——以女主人公形象為例[J].時代文學(xué)，2009,（18）.[3]吳珊.讀《簡·愛》有感[J].時代文學(xué)，2009，(12).[4]劉麗.一個時代的女性吶喊與追求——談《簡·愛》中的典型人物簡.愛[J].2009,(10).[5]龔玲.論《簡·愛》的女性哥特式特征[J].黃岡師范學(xué)院學(xué)報，2011，（2）.[6]胡晴.論《簡·愛》的女性意識[J].安徽文學(xué)，2008，（5）.[7]李紅萍.論簡·愛獨立人格形象的塑造[J].泉州師專學(xué)報，1998，（1）.[8]李曉霞.從女權(quán)主義的角度解讀《簡·愛》[J].2010，（5）.[9]毛竹生.簡·愛的出走與自我實現(xiàn)[J].2001，（6）.[10]王康英.論《簡·愛》中女主人公簡愛對真愛的追求[J].科技信息，2008.七、指導(dǎo)老師意見：

第五篇：簡愛與現(xiàn)代愛情觀對比

一、叛逆與追求 簡·愛和孫柔嘉她們都以大膽叛逆精神勇敢地沖破封建禁錮，大膽地追求真愛，尋找自己的幸福。

1、簡·愛勇敢地沖破封建（傳統(tǒng)觀念）的禁錮，大膽追求真愛。簡·愛是一個敢于向男權(quán)社會傳統(tǒng)觀念挑戰(zhàn)的女性，被女性主義者奉為反映被壓迫處于社會邊緣生存狀態(tài)的女性反抗男權(quán)社會，追求婚姻自由、平等地位的經(jīng)典人物。

二、自然層面，從女性自身特點研究女性自我；

三、以男性為參照，了解女性在精神文化方面的獨特處境。

2、孫柔嘉沖破世俗，大膽追求自己的愛情。這種既柔又嘉、卻暗自陰柔而且柔能克剛的人，就像一個甜蜜的圈套，卻掌控著自己的婚姻、生活和命運，也掌控著方鴻漸的婚姻、生活和命運。

四、迥異的歸宿 雖然簡·愛與孫柔嘉都是勇敢地沖破封建禁錮，大膽地追求真愛，開始走的道路是相似的，但是她們尋求真愛的結(jié)局卻是截然相反的：簡·愛守住了愛情，最終得到了幸福，而孫柔嘉卻是由幸福走進了無盡的痛苦之中。

2、簡·愛和孫柔嘉的性格不同也造成了她們愛情結(jié)局的不同。簡·愛是一個全方位尋求獨立、平等、自尊的女性。

3、簡·愛與孫柔嘉反封建的角度也是不同的。

簡·愛主要是反對男權(quán)主義，孫柔嘉主要是反對封建家庭的束縛。簡·愛與孫柔嘉反抗的本質(zhì)也是不同的。簡·愛是發(fā)自內(nèi)心自覺的反抗，而孫柔嘉是被迫的反抗。簡·愛的反抗心里是與生俱來的，年幼的簡·愛就和她的表哥約翰發(fā)生了沖突，驕橫殘暴的約翰把表妹簡· 簡·愛獨立自主的愛情觀

簡·愛的思想發(fā)展是這部小說的中心。從一開始，簡就有一種很強的自我意識——追求價值和尊嚴，勇敢地追求自由平等和獨立自主。在羅切斯特的面前，她從不因為自己是一個地位卑微的家庭教師而感到自卑，她認為他們是平等的。她的正直、高尚、純潔，她的心靈沒有受到世俗社會的污染，所以羅切斯特為之震撼，把她看成一個可以和自己在精神上平等交談的人。簡的獨立性在整部小說的情節(jié)發(fā)展中不斷地得到了驗證。

盡管羅切斯特的表白和求婚讓簡感到非常高興，但也不免憂慮和擔心。因為她一直渴望自由自在的生活，婚姻就意味著束縛和屈服，意味著她要對他負責、受他的控制。當羅切斯特揮金如土，為她添購絲綢、珠寶的時候，她變得更加敏 感，覺得自己就像是一個被蘇丹寵愛的奴隸。

離開桑菲爾德是簡作出的最大的決定。從羅切斯特那里，她找到了渴望已久的愛情，桑菲爾德是她第一個真正的家，離開了它仿佛就是離開了自己。但是，作為羅切斯特的情婦跟他生活在一起，卻又意味著自我妥協(xié)，那是她最不想要的。甚至在知道伯莎的存在以前，她就覺得嫁給羅切斯特是一種冒險，他們壓根兒就不會平等，她害怕羅切斯特把她當玩物一樣對待，更要命的是，嫁給一個地位比 她高的人，讓她有負債感。

在桑菲爾德遭遇大火之后，簡和羅切斯特重歸于好，找到了幸福的歸宿。離開了桑菲爾德以后，簡在莫爾頓過著簡樸的生活，給一群窮孩子們做老師。她在經(jīng)濟上是獨立的，并且擔當了一個重要的角色。

二、羅切斯特感性至上的愛情觀

羅切斯特出身于名門望族，因為不是長子，沒有財產(chǎn)繼承權(quán)。他的父親“既想使自己的家產(chǎn)不至于分散，又想讓他也有財產(chǎn)以保持家族的聲望”，和他哥哥一起幫他找了個對象，也就是后來發(fā)了瘋的伯莎·梅森，在他“還不知道是怎么回事時就和她結(jié)婚了”。婚后短暫的婚姻生活讓羅切斯特徹底看清了伯莎的性格品質(zhì)，使他意識到“自己從來沒愛過她，從來沒敬重過她，甚至從來沒有了解過她”。

三、圣約翰理性至上的愛情觀

與羅切斯特的感性至上的愛情觀形成鮮明對比的是圣約翰理性至上的愛情觀。在圣約翰身上，理智戰(zhàn)勝情感，為主工作的精神壓制了人類的正常感情，甚至可以拿圣潔的愛情來為之殉道。第二個體現(xiàn)就是圣約翰對伴侶的選擇。他承認自己“發(fā)瘋似地愛著羅莎蒙德·奧利弗”，可是同時“卻冷靜而清醒地意識到，她不會成為他的好妻子，她不是那種適合于他的伴侶”。對他來說，結(jié)婚不過是手段，是實現(xiàn)自己傳教理想的工具。在日常的相處中，圣約翰看到了簡·愛身上的“溫順、勤奮、無私、忠實、堅貞、勇敢，非常文雅，又頗具英雄氣概”等品質(zhì)。夏洛蒂通過刻畫這樣一個獨立自主的文學(xué)形象，并注入一些自己的親身經(jīng)歷以及宗教觀念，既表達了她對男性壓迫者的強烈抗議，又表達了她追求獨立自主、自由平等的女權(quán)主義思想。簡·愛作為一個以“獨立自主”而著稱的文學(xué)形象，吸引并激勵著越來越多的女性去效仿.一）研究的現(xiàn)狀綜述 簡·愛已成為唯美愛情的一個典型，是世界文學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域方面一個引人注目的方面。

（二）研究的理論價值 夏洛蒂·勃朗特是英國文學(xué)史上第一個表現(xiàn)女性追求獨立、自由主題的人，她的作品被視為“現(xiàn)代女性小說”的楷模。她的代表作《簡·愛》塑造了一個出身寒微，長相平庸的、矮小的簡愛，但她卻是一個有著強烈自尊個性魅力的女性，她的魅力在于個性的力量，她善于思考，捍衛(wèi)人格獨立，敢于表達自己的愛憎。簡·愛用自尊、自愛與自強的內(nèi)在美好人性喚醒了另一顆懂得珍惜女性的心靈，簡·愛的出現(xiàn)標志著歐洲文學(xué)史上新女性的誕生。簡·愛這一形象一直被人們視為不甘屈辱、追求平等、為維護女性的人格尊嚴而勇于抗爭的精神典范，她雖然矮小，貧寒，長得又不美，但卻直爽，單純，倔強，自尊自立，敢于追求真正意義上的愛情。這種性格特征不知吸引了多少人，打動了了多少讀者的心。許多女權(quán)主義者都以簡愛為模范榜樣。

（三）研究的現(xiàn)實意義 而今社會中的“快餐愛情”，越來越讓人們瞠目結(jié)舌。愛情在本質(zhì)上沒有貴賤之分,也沒有貧富之差，更沒有地域之別。可在現(xiàn)實生活中自古以來就存在著“門當戶對”、“磚門對磚門、土門對土門”的不良習(xí)俗，愛情在金錢與權(quán)勢面前出現(xiàn)的悲劇司空見慣。

（一）情感角度，比如許藝萍《簡·愛和現(xiàn)代女性愛情觀比較》、孫偉民《自卑情結(jié)造就了簡愛鮮明的人格魅力——解析<簡·愛>》等等，這些作品大體上是從愛情、親情上分析的。

（二）人物形象角度，譚蒙革《簡.愛女性形象分析》、胡晴《論<簡愛>的女性意識》等等，主要是從簡.愛和現(xiàn)代女性的角度來寫的。

（三）生命意識形態(tài)角度，胡晴《論<簡·愛>的女性意識》、李紅萍《論簡愛獨立人格形象的塑造》等等，都是從簡.愛堅強的生命意識方面的問題。

（四）創(chuàng)作意識角度，黃興軍《<簡·愛>中的永恒魅力 ——解析小說<簡·愛>中女性反抗性格的形成》，是從簡·愛的思想意識方面寫的。

三、我的研究角度、研究的主要內(nèi)容及創(chuàng)新之處：

（一）研究角度：從愛情的角度，對簡·愛與現(xiàn)代女性進行比較、歸納總結(jié)。

（二）研究的主要內(nèi)容：主要研究的是簡·愛與現(xiàn)代女性的愛情，這里主要針對的是夏洛蒂《簡·愛》中的唯美愛情的存在意義。論文要表現(xiàn)出的比較主要從這兩大方面來進行描述：一方面是時代的對比，簡.愛與現(xiàn)代女性她們生活在不同的時代。另一方面是歸納她們各自對愛情的執(zhí)著與自私。通過這兩大方面整體架構(gòu)這篇論文，使得全文條理清楚，目的明確，使自己加深對簡.愛愛情精髓的理解，同時從深層次上感受唯美愛情的真諦，使自己浮躁的心靈得到一次深刻的洗禮。

（三）創(chuàng)新之處：打破對簡.愛愛情原來的認識，以具體的作品為文本，在簡.愛的性格特征、人物形象、愛情觀等問題上以新的理論為依據(jù)，與當今社會中的“快餐愛情”進行比較，對簡.愛的愛情進行新的認識。