第一篇：如何應用虛擬語氣

如何應用虛擬語氣

朱可寶

我們在日常生活中經常會聽到這樣一些話，“要是我有足夠的資金，我會買一輛屬于自己的轎車。”“要是再仔細一點，我就會考滿分。”“我要是你的話，我就會接受她的邀請.”其實，諸如此類的句子就是我們英語學習中的一個重要的知識點——虛擬語氣。我們自覺不自覺地運用了虛擬語氣來我們的情感。

在新課標教材中虛擬語氣是一個很重要的語言知識點，在高考中也是必考內容之一。高三學生要重視對虛擬語氣的復習。我們復習這個語言點時重點要復習習慣用法，特殊句型，以及和情態動詞一起使用。我們先看非真實的條件句中的謂語動詞。有三種情況，（一）與過去事實相反的假設，其固定結構是條件（假設）部分謂語動詞用had done, 主句（結論）部分用would/should/could/might+ have done(主動)/have been done(被動).表示“要是過去（不）做了。。，就（不）會有。。發生或出現”這樣一種心情。例如，If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t have failed in the exam.（要是你真的努力了，你就不會考試不及格了。）言外之意就是說平時不努力，不及格自然是很正常的，表示一種既惋惜又責備的心情。

（二）與現在事實相反的假設，其固定結構為條件(假設)部分的謂語動詞用過去式，主句(結論)部分用would/should/could/might do（主動）/be done(被動).例如，If I were you, I would buy a new car rather than a second-hand one.(要是我是你的話，我就買一輛新車而不是二手車。)務必注意，虛擬語氣中只用能用were, 不能用was.（三）與將來事實相反的假設，其固定結構是這樣的，條件(假設)部分的謂語動詞用過去式/were to do/should do, 主句（結論）用would/could/should/might do(主動)/be done(被動).例如，If it were to rain/should rain/rained tomorrow, we would put off the visit to the Great Wall.(要是明天下雨的話，我們就推遲去長城。)特別要提醒的是，(一)如果條件句中有were/ had/should時，可以采用省略if的句式，方法就是將were/should/had調到句首。例如，Had we left earlier, we would have arrived there on time.(If we had left earlier, we would have arrived there on time.)

（二）Without…/But for…/otherwise….相當于一個非真實條件句，謂語動詞也要用虛擬語氣。例如，Without your help, I wouldn’t have finished this work.(If you hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have finished this work.)I really had so much work to do yesterday, otherwise I would have gone shopping with you.(I really had so much work to do.If I hadn’t been so much work to do, I would have gone shopping with you.)虛擬語氣在從句中的應用也較多。主要有以下幾個方面：1，用在wish 的賓語從句中。表示不能或難于實現的愿望。例如，I wish I could fly to the moon one day.（但愿有一天我能夠飛到月球上去。）2，用在suggest/order/command/demand等表示建議，要求，命令之后的從句中，用should do/should be done.Should可以省略，只保留do/be done例如，The teacher suggested that this plan(should)be discussed first.（老師建議這個計劃要先討論一下。）3, 用在as if/as though之后的從句中。例如，She danced as if she were a professional dancer.（她的舞跳得仿佛她就是一個職業舞蹈者。）4，用在it is(high)time之后的從句中。表示到了該做某個事情的時候了。例如，The big exam is coming, it is high time we should work harder.（大考臨近了，我們該努力了。）5，用在would rather 之后的從句中。表示一種愿望。例如，I would rather she didn’t miss the flight.（但愿她沒有錯過航班。）6，用在if only 之后的從句中。例如，If only I had worked harder.（我要是學習再刻苦一點就好了。）

當然，虛擬語氣的應用遠不止以上這些。在實際生活中的運用很復雜。要想熟練自如地使用虛擬語氣，我們必須在平時交流中盡可能多地運用虛擬語氣來表達我們的羨慕，嫉妒，批評，責備和愿望。只有這樣，我們才能熟諳虛擬語氣。

第二篇：虛擬語氣說課稿

我這節說課的題目是：高三英語虛擬語氣復習課。

一、說教材：（教學內容分析）

虛擬語氣是高中英語學習的重點以及難點內容，掌握虛擬語氣與客觀事實相反的三種情況，即與過去，現在和將來相反的三種情況下，從句和主句動詞的合適使用。虛擬語氣的內容多，學生容易混淆，處理難度大。因而課本也用了較多內容進行講解。本節選擇了虛擬語氣的兩種句式if條件從句與wish賓語從句進行講解。

虛擬語氣，在高考中這幾年出現的越來越頻繁，幾乎成了逢考必出的語法點。而學生的書面表達，若能用虛擬語氣造一兩個句子，顯然能夠提高寫作的檔次，所以，這個語法知識的練習總結也就顯得很有必要了。

二、說學生:（學情分析)就學生而言，基礎參差不齊。虛擬語氣在平時的考試訓練中一直都是他們感覺比較頭疼的一個問題。大多學生基礎薄弱，所以對于該語法知識的點我從最基礎的著手，涉獵的點大都是常考點。

三、教學目標：

1.了解并掌握虛擬語氣中與客觀事實相反的基本用法，學會解決高考中的試題，能夠將虛擬語氣運用到生活當中。2.通過語法練習和語言實踐練習，讓學生構建一個完整的語法知識體系以便能夠靈活所學到的知識，做到舉一反三。

本節課的目的是想通過對虛擬語氣專項的訓練和總結，讓學生能夠真正掌握虛擬語氣，以達到熟練做題，并在寫作中運用的目的。

四、教學重點：

了解和掌握虛擬語氣語法項目和基本原則。

重點句式：

（1）if 引導的條件從句的虛擬語氣；

（2）wish/as if /if only 后面賓語從句的虛擬用法；

五、教學難點：

能運用虛擬語氣去完成試題練習并能運用到情景對話當中

六、說教學模式： 教法采用的是任務型教學法。結合學生的自主學習，合作探究，利用1T4P教學模式，把各個任務由易到難分解到4個環節中 在各項任務的設計方面盡可能的簡化，但是也有個別難點需要滿足部分優秀學生的需要。

七、說教學設計： Step 1: Presentation 在Preparation環節，我通過展示幾幅圖片來引出幾個使用虛擬語氣的情景：我要是擁有很多線，我會買一棟別墅。他要是開車小心點，昨天就不會出車禍了。我要是明天能見到姚明，我要向他索要簽名。圖圖希望每天都是他的生日。和現在相反的虛擬，和過去相反的虛擬，和將來相反的虛擬，以及在賓語從句中的虛擬一一點出，讓學生去感知虛擬語氣的概念，了解虛擬語氣的使用。

Step 2: Presentation 在這個環節設計了五個任務：虛擬語氣在各種不同情境下的時態，混合型虛擬的使用，含蓄條件句中的虛擬，虛擬語氣的省略倒裝和虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的使用。后四個都是常考的重點，虛擬語氣的省略倒裝和在名詞性從句中的使用是難點。

在整個教學過程中，對于學生的學習活動前三個安排的都是自主學習，問題設計的也不難，旨在通過學生對語法知識的復習來鞏固他們以前所學的知識并進一步強化。對于虛擬語氣的省略設計的是同桌合作，小范圍的探究解決問題。而對于虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的運用則是分組討論總結，以求達到夯實語言基礎的目的。

Step3: Practice Practice環節是在近幾年的高考試題中選取了十道和虛擬語氣相關的單選題，讓學生去感知這個只是點在高考中的出題方向，并能在掌握知識后正確的做題來樹立自信心。這一部分他們獨立完成后核對答案并提出問題，如果有必要，我會為他們對本節知識做進一步的總結和補充。

Step4: Production 第四個環節，即production環節，我設計了七道糾錯題，這些錯誤也是學生在平時的寫作中常出現的問題，虛擬語氣在書面表達中具有舉足輕重的地位，所以，讓學生學會運用虛擬語氣寫出一些高質量的句子，我認為很有必要。Homework: 對于作業布置，一是讓學生再次認真復習學案上列出的有關虛擬語氣的知識點，而是給他們提供了三個漢語句子讓他們翻譯，讓他們再次感知虛擬語氣語法在句子中使用的奧妙。

七、設計理念及反思： 1.理念

本節課開始向學生講解英語語法中有關虛擬語氣的內容。虛擬語氣是英語學習中的重點內容，也是高考所要考查的重點內容。但由于其內容過多而且復雜，不利于被學生掌握。如果講解內容過多將不利于學生對其掌握。所以本節只講述虛擬語氣中最基本的情況，這樣既有利于學生理解與記憶，還可以在后邊的學習中進行類比。

由于學生在英語方面學得一般，因此課堂教學過程中要注意與學生互動，充分調動他們的積極性。多添加討論活動，讓他們在討論中加深對知識的理解。同時，情景對話也是非常必要的，讓他運用所學的知識去與別人溝通，將更有利于教學。

2.反思

在教學的過程中老師要注意引導學生成為學習的主角，通過對學生的引導讓他們學會主動學習。老師在講課過程中要多與生活實例結合，這樣更有利于吸引學生。另外，還要注意講課一定要講清楚，對于不容易理解的問題要多講，對于學生不會的問題一定要解答，幫助他們學習理解所學知識。最后，結合歷年高考題和各種練習題，夯實基礎。

第三篇：虛擬語氣學習心得

虛擬語氣難點分類總結

首先要確認是非真實的主觀愿望后遐想，才是虛擬語氣

一、什么情況從句必須用 sb.Should do 的形式

1）should不可以省略的情況：for fear that ,in case that ,lest引導的目的狀語。

Eg:

She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in.她又把門檢查了一遍，以防盜賊的進入。

He started out earlier lest he should be late.他很早就出發了以防遲到。

2）should可以省略的情況。有兩種

第一種：表情緒.觀點的形容詞或名詞也要用虛擬語氣.如:necessary.important.impossible.natural.strange.surprising.funny.right.wrong.better.a pity等。

句型：It is.......that 結構后的主語從句，從句的謂語動詞都要用 should+原型 或只用動詞原型.Eg：

第二種：

1、一想要(desire)

二寧愿(prefer)

三命令(order.command)

四建議(advice.suggest.propose)五要求(demand.require.request.desire.insist)中。無論主句謂語動詞為何種時態，從句的謂語動詞都用：“should + 動詞原形”或只用“動詞原形”。

如 He suggested that we(should)take the teacher’s advice

He insisted that we(should)take the teacher’s advice

He demand that we(should)take the teacher’s advice

He ordered that we(should)take the teacher’s advice。

二、在虛擬語氣中，不管什么人稱，be動詞都要用were的形式。If I were you, I would pay more attention to English idioms and phrases.三、虛擬語氣用在wish 后的賓語從句，一定都是過去式形態。(if only和as if/as though引導的讓步狀語從句，結構與之相同）a、與現在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時

eg.I wish I had your brains.(事實：我根本比不上你)

b、與過去事實相反，謂語動詞過去完成時

eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter.（事實：原來不知道）

c、表示將來難以實現的愿望，謂語動詞過去將來時 謂語動詞：should/would + 動詞原形

eg.I wish I should have a chance again.（事實：很難再有這樣的機會了）。

四、從句只接的過去時、過去完成時的情況。

①、would rather 從句謂語動詞：過去時（對應現在、將來）、過去完成時（對應過去）

I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday.我倒想你昨天看過了這場電影。

I’d rather you were here now.我倒想你現在在這兒。

We’d rather you went here tomorrow.我們倒想你明天去那兒

②、It is time that 從句：過去時。即從句用虛擬過去式。

如It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school.我該去學校接我的女兒了。

It is high time you should go to work.你早該上班了。

補充：而It is hignt time that從句：表示：“早該做某事了”，其虛擬語氣的結構為：It is high time that + 主語+ should + 動詞原形，It is high time you should go to work.你早該上班了。

含蓄條件句，在多數情況下，條件會暗含在短語中，如without?., but for?.等

But for his help, we would be working now.要不是他的幫助，我們還會在工作呢。

Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress.要是沒有你的指導，我不會取得如此大的進步。

五、在whatever，whichever，whenever，whoever, wherever，however, no matter wh-word 等引導的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結構比較特殊。① may +動詞原形(指現在或將來)。如：

We will finish it on time no matter what / whatever may happen.不管發生什么事，我們都要按時完成。

We will find him wherever / no matter where he may be.無論他在哪里，我們都要找到他。

I will wait for him no matter how late he may come.不管他來的多么晚，我都會等他。

② may +完成式(指過去)，主句結構不限。如：

You mustn’t be proud whatever / no matter what great progress you may have made.不管你取得了多么大的進步，你也不能驕傲

We must respect him no matter what / whatever mistakes he may have made.不管他犯過什么錯誤，我們必須尊敬他。

六、兩種特殊條件句需注意。

①、含蓄條件句，在多數情況下，條件會暗含在短語中，如without?., but for?.等

would +動詞原形(指現在或將來)、現在完成式(指過去)。Eg： 1）But for his help, we would be working now.要不是他的幫助，我們還會在工作呢。

2)Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress.要是沒有你的指導，我不會取得如此大的進步。

②、錯綜條件句。1）從句的動作與過去事實相反，而主句的動作與現在或現在正在發生的事實不符。如：

If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在學校學習刻苦的話，我現在也會成為一個工程師了。2）從句的動作與現在事實相反，而主句的動作與過去事實不符。如：

If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.如果他今天有空的話，我們會已經派他去北京了。

本文參考：虛擬語氣講解及練習題。

第四篇：小學英語教學-虛擬語氣

知識點總結

虛擬，在漢語中表示一種假設的，不存在的情況，同樣，英語中虛擬語氣是用來表示說話人的主觀愿望或假想，而不表示客觀存在的事實，所說的是一個條件，不一定是事實，或與事實相反。虛擬語氣通過謂語動詞的特殊形式來表示。在初中階段，虛擬語氣一般用于下列情況：

一、條件狀語從句

1、與現在事實相反

若與現在事實相反，虛擬語氣的條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were)，主句謂語用“should(would, could, might)+動詞原形”。如：

If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我會帶把傘。（事實上我不可能是你）

If I knew her number I could ring her up.要是我知道她的電話號碼，我就可以給她打電話了。(事實上我不知道)

2、與過去事實相反

若與過去事實相反，從句：主語+had done，主句：主語+should/would/could/might+have done，例如：

If I'd left sooner，I'd have been on time.要是我早點動身，我就準時到了。(但我動身太遲了)

If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.如果我早到那兒，我就會見到她。（事實：去晚了）

3、與將來事實相反

從句：①if+主語+were to do 主句：①主語+should/would/could/might+do

②if+主語+did/were ②主語+should/would/could/might+do

③if+主語+should+do ③主語+should/would/could/might+do

例如：If he went，would you go too? 如果他去，你也去嗎?(大概他不會去)If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天來這兒的話，我就跟他談談。（事實：來的可能性很小）注意與說明：對于與將來事實相反的情形，請注意以下幾點： 一是這里說的與將來事實相反，實為對將來情況的推測；

二是此用法中的條件從句謂語除用過去式外，有時也用“should+動詞原形”(表示可能性極小，常譯為“萬一”)或“were to+動詞原形”(表示與將來事實相反的假設)；

三是當條件從句使用“should+動詞原形”這樣的謂語時，主句謂語除可用“should(would, could, might)+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣外，也可用陳述語氣或祈使語氣。如：

I should see him, I'll tell him.萬一我見到他，我就告訴他。

If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me.萬一明天下雨，就別等我了。

二、wish 后賓語從句

1、表示與現在事實相反的愿望，謂語動詞用過去式。例如：

I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。(事實：我根本比不上你)

2、表示與過去事實相反的愿望，謂語動詞：had+done

例如：

I wish I had knownthe truth of the matter.我希望我那時就知道這件事情的真相。（事實：那時還不知道）

3、表示將來難以實現的愿望，謂語動詞：should/would（情態動詞）+ 動詞原形

I wish I should havea chance again.我希望我還能有一次這樣的機會。（事實：很難再有這樣的機會了）常見考法

對于虛擬語氣的考查，在單項和完形填空中出現的較多，在閱讀理解中，也常會出現虛擬語氣的句子。我們掌握了虛擬語氣的用法，會幫助我們更好的理解短文。

典型例題：Mary is ill today.If she _____，she ____ absent from school.A.were not ill，wouldn't be

B.had been ill，wouldn't have been

C.had been ill，should have been

D.hadn't been ill，could be 解析： 題干的意思是“ Mary今天病了，如果她沒生病，今天她就會去上學了”。因為第一句說，Mary今天病了，所以本題考查的是與現在情況相反的事情，因之，主句用would、should、could+動詞原型，從句用一般過去時。答案：A 誤區提醒

1、在學習虛擬語氣的時候，要對過去、現在、將來的虛擬的做出正確的判斷。

2、一定要記住，虛擬語氣的條件從句的謂語用過去式，動詞be要用were。典型例題：I ________ him the answer ________ possible，but I was so busy then.A.could tell，if it had been B.must have told，were it C.should have told，had it been D.should have told，should it be

解析：先分開看此題，由于設空處在主句，所以先看主句，因為由主句看不出題目所表達的具體時間，所以再看從句，此從句是由but引導的轉折句，所表達的時態是一般過去時，意為“我那時很忙”，所以，主句發生的事情是與過去事情相反的事情，因之，主句用could、should、would+動詞原形，從句用過去完成時。答案：C

第五篇：虛擬語氣連系動詞

基礎語法小練

虛擬語氣

用所給動詞的適當形式填空：

1.If people ___________________(drive)more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents.2.If you had worked carefully, you ___________________(not make)so many mistakes.3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we ______________________(tie)it up.4.If I had known you already _________________(have)a typewriter, I ___________________(not, buy)one

for your birthday.5.If he _________________(be)here this afternoon I would go with him.6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _________________(put off).7.But for your help, we ____________________(not be)able to finish the work in time.8.If it ___________________(not, be)for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much.9.I wish I __________________(study)hard while I was young.10.It is about time that fence __________________________(mend).11.My request is that we _____________________(hold)another session to discuss the problem.12.It is strange that the car ________________(break)down at exactly the same place where it

___________________(break)down yesterday.13.The baby smiled as if he ____________________(understand)what his mother ______________(say).14.He talked as if he ________________(do)all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _________________(do)

most of it.15.If only we _____________________(have)a phone!I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box.16.-----“Can we come in late tomorrow?”

-----“I’d rather you _____________(come)in on time.”

17.He looks as if he _________________(be)ill for a long time.18.He always talks as though he _____________________(address)a public meeting.19.If a metal ___________________(heat), it will expand.20.I _________________(stay)home if it rains this evening.選擇題：

1.If I _______ you, I’d join the army.A.amB.wasC.wereD.would be

2.“If the sun ______ tomorrow, what would we do?”

A.will not riseB.would not riseC.did not riseD.does not rise

3.If you ______ to see Mary, what would you tell her?

A.areB.will be goingC.mustD.were

4.I would have said “Hello” to him if I ______ your brother.A.could seeB.had seenC.will seeD.will have seen

5.If you had wanted to buy a record, what ________?

A.would you buyB.had you boughtC.would you have boughtD.would you be buying

6.If the tablets had dissolved, John ______.A.would probably dieB.had probably died

C.probably would be diedD.would probably have died

7.________ if you had lost your watch?

A.Hadn’t you been upsetB.Wouldn’t you be upset

C.Weren’t you upsetD.Wouldn’t you have upset

8.-----“I was so sorry to hear about Jack.”

-----“If he had made more friends here, he might ________.”

A.have stayedB.have stayC.stayedD.stay

9.If I had a bike, I ______ it to you yesterday.A.would have lentB.would lend

C.would have lendD.could lend

10.____________, John would not have failed.A.If he has listened to meB.Had he listened to me

C.If he listened to meD.As he listened to me

11.Had Alice been more hardworking, she ________.A.had not failedB.would not have failed

C.would not failD.could not be failed

12.-----“Steve made a reservation already.”

-----“______ he change his mind, he can cancel it.”

A.ShouldB.WouldC.IfD.So

13.I wished it _______ but it did.A.occurred notB.did not accur

C.had not occurredD.would not occur

14.I _______ Professor Jones had taught me this equation.A.believeB.deeply thinkC.wishD.suppose

15.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _____ around the earth.A.circlesB.is circlingC.be circlingD.were circling

16.The computer “teacher” was talking with his students as though it ______ a human teacher.A.wasB.wereC.had beenD.be

17.Jane appears as though she _______ the secret.A.knowsB.knewC.has knownD.had known

18.If only she _______ of Aunt Ruth!

A.was not terribly so frightenedB.were not terribly so frightened

C.be not so terribly frightenedD.were not so terribly frightened

連系動詞(20)1.______________ __________________

3.___________/____________ __________/___________ ________________/_______________

5_____________ ______________ _________________ __________________ ________________

7________________________________________________________________________

______________________ _______________________________________________ __________________ Practice：

1.What he said sounds_______.A.nicelyB.pleasantlyC.friendlyD.wonderfully

2.We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don’t want him to smell_____.A.well, wellB.bad, badC.well, badlyD.badly, bad

3.He turned ____ ten years ago but later he became _____.A.a teacher;a doctorB.teacher;doctorC.teacher;a doctorD.a teacher;doctor

4.The dog _____lost yesterday.A.gotB.becameC.turnedD.fall

5.The old man must have ____ mad.A.goneB.turnedC.fallenD.driven

6.I felt ____ that I should leave.A.strongB.stronglyC.to be strongD.very strong

7.—Do you like the material?—Yes, it _____ very soft.A.is feelingB.feltC.feelsD.is felt

8.I am afraid the weather will _____ hot for a few days.A.lastB.be lastedC.stayD.be stayed

9.Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _____ poor.A.provesB.remainsC.maintainsD.continues

10.I love to go to the seaside in summer.It _____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes

11.The cloth that ___________ smooth and soft ___________.A.feels;sells wellB.feels;is well soldC.is felt;sells wellD.is felt;sells good

12.___________ delicious, the food was soon sold out.A.TastedB.Being tastedC.TastingD.To taste

13.Happy birthday, Alice!So you have ____________ twenty-one already.A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.passed

14.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ___________ as the plane was making a landing.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.to be seating