第一篇：虛擬語氣教案

虛擬語氣Ⅱ教學案

于亞東

虛擬語氣除主要用于條件句（也就是狀語從句）外，還可用于主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、定語從句等。

1.虛擬語氣在主語從句中的應用

“常用在It is(was)+形容詞 / 過去分詞+that引導的主語從句”的句型中的主語從句要用虛擬語氣。主語從句的謂語用should+動詞原形(或should+have+過去分詞)或只用動詞原形(尤其是美國英語)。should在此是助動詞，本身并無實義，這種主語從句中的should有時有感情色彩。

It's important that we（should）work out a plan.（帶有“要求”的含義）

It's better that he go at once.（帶有“建議”的意思）

☆ 用于本句型的形容詞并不多，常見形容詞有：necessary，important，best, right, impossible，preferable，desirable, imperative, advisable，essential，reserved，urgent，等。

It is necessary that he（should）be sent there at once．

It's strange that he should say so.I was glad that he should go.It is important that we should speak politely.It is a pity that she should fare so badly.It's right that you should think that way.☆ 用于本句型中的過去分詞就是表示提議、要求、命令等動詞的過去分詞，如suggested，settled, required，requested，demanded，urged，decided, proposed，ordered，desired，advised等。

It is requested that Professor Liu（should）give us a lecture．

It is desired that we（should）get everything ready by tonight．

I’m ashamed you should have done such a thing.It has been suggested that the meeting（should）be put off．有人建議推遲會議。

It is settled that you leave us, then?

注意：這種句型中的主語從句也可用陳述語氣，如：It was important that he made an explicit statement on this score last week.他上個星期對于這一方面做了明確的說明，這是很重要的。

2.虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應用

1).賓語從句在表示提議、要求、命令、意志等動詞后，其謂語用should+動詞原形或只用動詞原形的虛擬語氣，作為suggest，request，demand，urge，propose，prefer，advise，insist，require，order，command，maintain，ask，object, arrange, desire等動詞的賓語。

如：

The doctor suggested that he not go there．醫生建議他不要去那里。

He suggested that we should leave early.他建議我們早點動身。

The judge ordered that the prisoner should be remanded.法官命令被告還押。

2).wish的賓語的從句，表示愿望，常省去連詞that。

☆ 從句的謂語動詞可用過去式，表示現在的愿望（與現在事實相反），雖實現的可能性不大，但仍有實現的可能。

I wish it were true．我但愿這是真的。

☆ 從句的謂語動詞還可用“could（would，might）+動詞原形”用來表示將來的愿望

I wish you would stay a little longer.我希望你再待一會兒。

☆ 表示無能為力的過去愿望（與過去事實相反），可用“had +過去分詞”或“could（would，might）+have+過去分詞”

I wish you had called yesterday．我希望你昨天來過電話。

We wish you had come to our New Year’s party.我們真希望你來參加了我們的新年聯歡會。

3).would rather, would sooner等表示愿望，其賓語從句常用虛擬過去式。

☆ 表示與現在和將來含義事實相反的虛擬語氣要用動詞的過去式

☆ 用過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)表示過去事實相反的含義

I would rather you came tomorrow.我寧愿你明天來。

I’d sooner she left the heavy end of the work to some one else.我寧愿她把重活留給別人。

4).有些動詞，如think, expect, believe,其否定式的賓語從句亦可用should+動詞原形。如：

I never thought he should refuse.我萬沒有想到他會拒絕。

She did not expect that you should come.她沒有預料你會來。

3.虛擬語氣在表語從句中的應用

名詞suggestion，proposal，order，advice，demand等作主語，其后的表語從句中的謂語動詞一般使用虛擬語氣，用should +動詞原形或省略should。

My suggestion is that we(should)send a few soldiers to help them.我的建議是我們應派幾個戰士去增援他們。

My advice is that you(should)treat her well.我的忠告是你應該善待她。

He makes the demand that she(should)leave the place at once.他提出一個要求，要求她立刻離開這個地方。

My suggestion is that we should tell him.我的建議是我們應該告訴他。

Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.我們唯一的請求就是盡快解決這個問題。

注意：虛擬語氣也可以用于同位語從句。

如：

There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一項建議是布朗應該離隊。

4.虛擬語氣在定語從句中的應用

常用在It is time(that)…句型中，定語從句常用虛擬過去式

It is time the children went to bed.孩子們早該上床睡覺了。（表示催促）

It's high time that he began to think how to deal with money.他早該開始考慮如何與錢打交道。

It is time we left.我們該走了。

It is time we went to bed.我們該去睡覺了。

5.虛擬式動詞原形亦常用在獨立句中，表愿望

Long live the Communist Party of China！中國共產黨萬歲！

God bless you!上帝保佑你。

God damn it!該死的！

The devil take you!見鬼去吧！

So be it then.就那樣吧。

6.虛擬時態與謂語動詞時態的關系：從句中的虛擬時態往往不受全句謂語時態的影響。

1)用于主語從句。試比較：

It is important that he should know about this.他必須知道此事。

It was important that he should know about this.他必須知道此事。

2)用于賓語從句。試比較：

I suggest that we should go tomorrow.我建議我們明天走。

I suggested that we should go the next day.我建議我們第二天走。

She said, “If I were a boy I would join the army.”她說，“我如是男孩，就參軍。”

She said that if she were a boy, she would join the army.她說她如是男孩就參軍。

但強調現在時刻的虛擬式在間接引語中需要遵守時態一致的原則。試比較：

“If I knew how it worked, I could tell you what to do,” he said.“假如我知道它是如何運行的話，我就會告訴你該怎么辦，”他說道。

He said that if he had known how it worked he could have told me what to do.他說假如他知道它是如何運行的話，他就會告訴我該怎么辦。

“If I knew the answer to all your questions I'd be a genius,” he said.“我如知道你所有問題的答案，我就是天才了。”他說道。

He said that if he knew the answer to all my questions, he’d be a genius.他說他如知道我所有問題的答案，他就是天才了。

但如果全句謂語是虛擬語氣，其后從句的時態則多受其影響，現在時態應隨之而變為過去時態。

如：

I would think he was wrong.我看他是錯了。(須用was,試比較：I think he is wrong)

It would seem that she was right.她似乎是對的。(須用was,試比較：It seems that she is right)

專項練習：

1．His doctor suggested that he ______ a short leave of absence．

A．will take

B．would take

C．take

D．took

2．The job would require that ______ at 7 o'clock every morning．

A．he will be at the factory

B．he be at the factory

C．he was at the factory

D．he has been at the factory

3．Your advice that she ______ till next week is reasonable．

A．will wait

B．is going to wait

C．waits

D．wait

4．The housemaster was strict．He requested that we ______ television on week nights．

A．not watch

B．must not to watch

C．not be watching

D．have not watched

5．It is necessary that a worker ______ his work on time．

A．accomplishes

B．can accomplish

C．accomplish

D．has accomplished

6．It is important that he ______ his decision before Friday．

A．will make

B．makes

C．make

D．must make

7．You look so tired.It's time you ______ ．

A．go to sleep

B．went to sleep

C．go to bed

D．went to bed

8．I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being．

A．do

B．didn't do

C．don't

D．didn't

9．But for water，it ______ impossible to live in the desert．

A．is

B．was

C．were

D．wouldn't be

10． ______ it______ for your help，I couldn't have made any progress．

A．Had；not been

B．Should；not been

C．Did；not been

D．Not；be

11．Long ______ the Party！

A．lives

B．live

C．will live

D．should live

12．Mary insisted that Tom ______ her the ring back．

A．gives

B．give

C．given

D．have given

13．My suggestion was that the meeting ______ off till next week．

A．to put

B．be put C．should put

D．be putting 14．Mother suggested that I ______ my homework first before watching TV．

A．did

B．do

C．shall do

D．have done 15．He insisted that nothing ______ till he arrived.A．must be started

B．ought to be started

C．could be started

D．should be started

16．Tom suggests that Ann ______ the house.A．can sell

B．sells

C．sell

D．sold

17．It's better that he ______ it from you.A．'ll hear

B．hears

C．should hear

D．heard

18．It was necessary that he ______ about what had happened.A．be told

B．was told

C．should tell

D．tell

19．It's astonishing that she ______ sad at news that it has nothing to do with her.A．felt

B．should feel

C．'ll feel

D．would feel

20．It was strange that we ______ short of water in the country where it was always raining.A．are

B．be

C．should be

D．both B and C

21．It is strange that she ______ marry such an ugly man.A．would

B．should

C．shall

D．must 22．It's not right that the meeting ______ off till tomorrow.A．must be put

B．must put

C．will be put

D．be put

23．It was impossible that he ______ the train, for he had started out very early.A．could have missed

B．must have missed

C．should have missed

D．should miss

24．It's a pity that he ______ such a good chance.A．should miss B．should have missed C．has missed D．all the above 25．He tried to find some excuse for the debt, but I insisted that he ______ it off at once.A．must pay

B．ought to pay

C．paid

D．pay

26．Mr.Ford insisted that he ______ right, though the others didn't think so.A．should do

B．should have done

C．had done

D．did

27．His pale face suggested that he ______ the sad news.A．should be told

B．should have been told

C．was told

D．had been told

28．He suggested that we ______ here at once.A．should leave

B．must leave

C．left

D．ought to leave

29．My order is that everyone ______ their own work in time.A．must complete

B．completed

C．completes

D．complete

30．We've made the decision that we ______ at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.A．will gather

B．are about to gather

C．would gather

D．should gather

31．----I'll be waiting for you at home.----______ I were busy and couldn't come?

A．What if

B．What when

C． How if

D．How when

32．After he was praised for what he had done, he said，“I ______ even better under harder conditions.”

A．would do

B．would have done

C．did

D．had done

33．It has been raining for a day, but even though it ______ , we ______ there by tomorrow.A．hadn't rained, couldn't get

B．hadn't rained, can't get

C．didn't rain, couldn't get

D．didn't rain, can't get

34．We could not have succeeded ______ your help.A．but for

B．without

C．if it had not been for

D．all the above

35．I dare say he is not your true friend, because a true friend ______ differently when you were in trouble.A．acted

B．had acted

C．would act

D．would have acted

參考答案：

1．C 2．B 3．D

4．A 5．C

6．C 7．D 8．B

9．D 10．A

11．B 12．B

13．B 14．B

15． D insist作“要求別人做某事”解，其賓語從句用should型虛擬語氣。

16． C 這種should型虛擬語氣，有時可將should省略，因此，C項的sell不能有人稱變化。

17．C 本句話有“要求”的意思，故選C。

18． A C、D為主動，在此不妥。

19． B 選B表示了說話人帶有一種十分驚訝的感情，選A項與she的人稱不相一致，是錯的。參見本章語法說明。

20． D

21．B should帶有感情色彩。

22．D 本句帶有要求之意，故從句謂語用should型虛擬語氣。D項中的should被省略。

23．C 本句帶有驚訝之意，故從句須用should型虛擬語氣。但由于是過去的事情所產生的驚訝，所以用should+不定式完成式。

24．D 如選A，這表達了說話人對將來的事所發出的感嘆，選B則是對已經過去的事情的感嘆。選C則是一個直陳語氣，即說話人對此并不一定感到十分惋惜，而是對此事的陳述。

25．D insist在作“堅持要求別人做某事”時，需要用should型虛擬語氣，should也可以省略。

26．C insist在作“堅持自己的觀點、看法等”解時，不需要用虛擬語氣，所以A、B兩項用在此處不當。D項時態不準確，故也應排除。

27．D suggest作建議解時，后接了should型虛擬語氣，但在本句中作“表明”解，這時不用虛擬語氣，A、B兩項都應排除，C項時態不當。

28．A 在本句中suggest作“建議”解，故選A。

29．D “建議”、“命令”、“要求”等動詞的名詞形式做主語時，其表語從句也須用should型虛擬語氣，本句中的should被省略。

30．D “建議”、“命令”、“要求”等動詞的名詞形式做主語時，后接同位語從句時也須should型虛擬語氣。

31．A What if…？常用于省略疑問句，既可以用于虛擬語氣，也可用于直陳語氣。本句不省略的形式為What would you do if。

32．B 本句的under引出一個非真實的條件，當然也可以是真實條件。根據上下文，應理解為與過去事實相反，故其謂語動詞用would have done。

33．B even though=even if意為“即使”。它同if一樣可以引出一個真實的讓步從句，也可以引出一個非真實的讓步從句。根據上文，even though是一個非真實的與過去事實相反的讓步從句。而主句we can't get there卻是一個真實的情況。

34．D

35．D 從全句的意思分析，a true friend-differently實際上是指一種假設，而when引導的從句又告訴我們，這是一個與過去事實相反的假設，故用would have acted。

第二篇：英語虛擬語氣教案

英語（高中）虛擬語氣教案

年級：高三

教師：張勇

2018年1月23日

一、教學主題：虛擬語氣

二、教學內容：if引導的虛擬條件句

三、教學目標：①掌握if引導的虛擬條件句的一般形式（與現在、過去、將來 事實相反的情況）

②掌握虛擬語氣中if引導的錯綜時間條件句 ③掌握if省略句的構成

虛擬語氣的含義：虛擬語氣表示說話人的主觀愿望、猜疑、建議與事實不符的假設等等，而不表示客觀存在的事實。

知識點一：表示與現在事實相反的情況

Eg: If I were you, I would take an umbrella.從例句得出相應的語法結構：

從句：If+主語+動詞一般過去時（be動詞用were）主句：主語+should/would/might/could+動詞原形

知識點二：表示與過去事實相反的情況

Eg: If I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.從例句得出相應的語法結構： 從句：If+主語+had+done 主句：主語+should/would/might/could+have done

知識點三：表示與將來事實相反的情況

從句：①If+主語+should+動詞原形

②If+主語+were to+動詞原形

③If+主語+動詞的過去式（be動詞用were）

主句：主語+should/would/might/could+動詞原形 Eg: If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.If you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.知識點四：

注意：①，錯綜時間條件句

含義：當條件狀語從句表示的動作或行為和主句表示的動作或行為所發生的時間不一致時，被稱為“錯綜時間條件句”，動詞的形式要根據它所表示的時間作出相應的調整。

Eg：If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.If they had informed us, we would come here now.②，if省略句

在虛擬條件狀語從句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，變為倒裝句式。

Eg: If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.變為：Should he come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.變為：were she to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.If you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.變為：Were you there next month, we would play basketball with you.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.Practice：習題講練

1, If he should not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the meeting.A.has come

B.have come

C.had come

D.come 2, If they were to ____ the research next Tuesday, I would come with them.A.did

B.do

C.have done

D.had done 3, If she worked hard next month, we would improve her salary.A.works

B.have worked

C.worked

D.had worked 4, If you had listened to my advice before, you ____ better now.A.are

B.were

C.would be

D.would have been 5, Should he not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the meeting.A.has come

B.have come

C.had come

D.come 6, Were they to ____ the research next Tuesday, I would come with them.B.did

B.do

C.have done

D.had done 7, Had you listened to my advice before, you ____ better now.A.are

B.were

C.would be

D.would have been 3

第三篇：英語語法教案第三章(虛擬語氣定稿)

虛擬語氣

第一部分：語氣的定義和種類 語氣(mood)語氣是動詞的一種形式，表示說話人對某一行為或事情的看法和態度。2 語氣的種類

陳述語氣：表示動作或狀態是現實的、確定的或符合事實的，用于陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。如： There are two sides to every question.每個問題都有兩個方面。Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙嗎？ How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老師啊！祈使語氣：表示說話人對對方的請求或命令。如： Never be late again!再也不要遲到了。

Don’t forget to turn off the light.別忘了關燈。

虛擬語氣：表示動作或狀態不是客觀存在的事實，而是說話人的主觀愿望、假設或推測等。如： If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鳥，我就能在空中飛行。I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通過考試。May you succeed!祝您成功！

虛擬語氣在語法里算得上是個難點。讓我們就從最簡單的開始吧。

第二部分：虛擬語氣的用法

I.簡單句中虛擬語氣的用法

一、動詞的過去式用于現在時態時，表示說話人的謙虛、客氣、有禮貌、或委婉的語氣，常用于日常會話中。如：Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office? 請你告訴我去郵局的路好嗎？

It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好別熬夜到很晚。

二、表示祝愿。

1、常用“may+動詞原形”表示祝愿，此時may須置于句首（多用于正式文體中）。May good luck be yours!祝你好運！May you be happy!祝你快樂！

May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！May you have a good time.祝愿你玩的痛快。

May the friendship between us last long.祝愿我們的友情天長地久。May you be happy.(注意那個be)祝你幸福。

2、用動詞原形。例如：

(1)Long live the people!人民萬歲！

(2).“God bless you,”said the priest.牧師說：“愿上帝保佑你！”

(3).Have a good journey!祝愿你旅途愉快！

3、表示強烈愿望。（該類型虛擬語氣謂語僅用動詞原形，第三人稱單數也不加“s”）(1).God save me．(2).Heaven help us．

第三部分：名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

I.賓語從句中的虛擬語氣

一、在動詞wish后的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣

在動詞wish后的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，常省去賓語從句的引導詞that。

1、表示與現在的事實相反，wish后賓語從句中的謂語動詞用過去式或過去進行式(時間上是同時的)。1)I wish(that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道這個答案。(事實上是不知道)2)I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家鄉四季如春。(事實上不可能)3).I wish I were a bird.但愿我是只小鳥。(事實上不可能)4).When she was at the party, she wished she were at home.(wished,過去虛擬動詞were)(事實上并不在家)5).Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,過去虛擬動詞understood)現在他在中國，他希望能懂得中文。(事實上并不懂)6).When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(事實上并不和我們在一起)

2、對過去情況的虛擬（和過去的事實相反）：Wish后賓語從句的謂語動詞用過去完成時，或would, could, might+現在完成時。例：

1）I wish(that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.我后悔不該浪費這么多時間。(事實上已浪費了)2）He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.他真希望沒有失去機會。(其實已失去)3）We wished he had spoken to us.(事實上他并沒同我們講)4）I wish you had called earlier.(事實上已遲了)5）They will wish they had listened to us sooner.(事實上并不如此)例題分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A.could have slept B.slept C.might have slept D.have slept 動詞wish后面接從句，表達不可能實現或與事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即用過去式（表示現在發生的動作）或過去完成式（表示過去發生的動作）。本題后半句謂語動詞have用的是過去時had to get up and come, 所以前面要用過去完成時表示過去發生的動作。所以, 選項A（could have slept）是答案

3）、對將來情況的虛擬(表示將來的主觀愿望)：

如果wish表示對將來事情的愿望。賓語從句謂語動詞用“would/should/could/might + 動詞原形”(時間上較后)(請注意：主句和從句的主語不相同)。

1）.I wish it would stop raining.我希望雨能停止。(事實上雨還在下著呢)2）.I wish you would be quiet 我希望你安靜一些。(事實上那家伙還在吵著呢)3）.You wished she would arrive the next day.你希望她第二天會到。(事實上她還沒到)4）.I wish she would change her mind.我希望她會改變主意。(呵呵，女孩子可沒那么容易就改變主意喔)5）.He will wish we would join him the following week.(只是希望我們和他在一起，實際上還沒在一起)注意：.如果將wish改為過去式wished, 其后that 從句中的動詞形式不變。例如： I wished I hadn't spent so much money.我要是那時沒有花掉那么多錢就好了。

2.如果wish后賓語 從句中用would , 一般表示對現狀不滿或希望未來有所改變或請求 I wish he would answer my letter.I wish prices would come down.I wish you would help me.I wish you would stop asking silly questions.二、在表示建議、命令、要求、忠告等動詞的后面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣的用法

由于這些動詞本身隱含說話者的主觀意見，認為某事應該或不應該怎樣，這些詞語后面的“that”從句應用虛擬語氣，且均以“should+動詞原形”表示這種語氣，但事實上“should”常被省略，故此從句中謂語動詞用原形，常用的此類動詞有：

表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg 表示“提議、勸告、建議”的：move, propose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote 表示“決定、命令”的：decide, order, command, demand 表示“主張”的：maintain, urge 表示“同意、堅持”的：consent, insist 例如：

1.The doctor suggested that he(should)try to lose his weight.2.He insisted that we(should)tell him the news.3.When I suggested that he(should)try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job.”(當我建議他用刮胡膏時，他說“剃刀和水就行了”。)4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work.(他費了幾天功夫尋找理論根據，直到我建議拆開看看它是如何轉動的。)

三、在expect, believe, think, suspect等動詞的否定或疑問形式后的賓語從句中，我們經常用“should＋動詞原形(或完成形式)”，表示驚奇，懷疑，不滿等。

I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier.我們從來沒想到他是個如此勇敢的小戰士。

四、在would rather，would sooner，had rather，would(just)as soon，would prefer之后的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣的用法

would rather , would sooner, had rather, would(just)as soon，would prefer（希望）也用來表達主觀愿望，它們之后的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成式表示與過去事實相反。表示”寧愿做什么”或“對過去做的事的懊悔”。

(1).I would rather he came tomorrow than today.(2).John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.(3).I would rather everything hadn' t happened in the past.(4).The manager would rather his daughter did not work in the same office．經理寧愿她女兒不與他在同一間辦公室工作。

(7).To be frank，I'd rather you were not involved in the case．坦率地說，我希望你不要卷入這件事。

(8).You don't have to be in such a hurry．I would rather you went on business first．你沒有必要這么著急，我寧愿你先去上班。

(9).I'd rather you didn't make any comment on the issue for the time being．我倒希望你暫時先不要就此事發表意見。

(10).Frankly speaking，I'd rather you didn't do anything about it for the time being．坦白地說，我寧愿你現在對此事什么也不要做。

(11).Wouldn't you rather your child went to bed early？為什么你不愿讓你的孩子早點上床呢？(12).I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday．我真希望你昨天把這本書還了。注：若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用動詞原形 I would rather stay at home today． would rather．．．than．．．中用動詞原形 I would rather stay at home than go out today．

II：主語從句中的虛擬語氣

一、“It is(was)+形容詞（或過去分詞）+that??”結構中的虛擬語氣的用法

在“It is(was)+形容詞（或過去分詞）+that??”結構中，某些表示愿望、建議、請求、命令、可能、適當、較好、迫切、緊近、重要等形容詞后的主語從句中的謂語也用虛擬語氣。其表達形式為should ＋動詞原形或省略should直接用動詞原形（美國英語中省去should）常用的形容詞： natural(自然的), appropriate(適當的), advisable(合適的), preferable(更可取的), better(更好的)，necessary(必須的), important(重要的), imperative(急需的), urgent(急迫的), essential(本質的), vital(必不可少的)probable(很可能的), possible(可能的)，desirable(極好的)，advisable（合理的），compulsory（必須的），crucial（緊急的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），incredible（驚人的），necessary（必要的），possible（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（緊迫的）。

常用的過去分詞(Past Participle): required(需要的), demanded(要求), requested(被請求的), desired(要求)，suggested(建議), recommended(推薦)，ordered(命令)1.It is necessary that we(should 可省略, 下同)have a walk now.2 It was necessary that we(should)make everything ready ahead of time.3.It is required that nobody(should)smoke here.(表示要求不要在此抽煙)4.It is important that every pupil(should)be able to understand the rule of school.(表示重要的是學生都能了解校規)5.It's important that we(should)take good care of the patient.6.It is natural that she should do so.7.It is essential that these application forms（should）be sent back as early as possible． 這些申請表應盡早地寄回，這是很重要的。

8.It is vital that enough money（should）be collected to fund the project． 重要的是募集足夠的錢，為這個項目提供資金。

9.It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening． 希望我們今晚一切都準備就緒。

注：在上述所列形容詞后面用that引出的賓語從句中，謂語動詞也要用虛擬語氣。

10.I don't think it advisable that Tom（should）be assigned to the job since he has no experiences.湯姆缺乏經驗，指派他做這項工作我認為是不恰當的。

二、在It is ＋名詞＋that?的主語從句中的虛擬語氣

在It is ＋名詞＋that的主語從句中，常用虛擬語氣，表示建議、命令、請求、道歉、懷疑、驚奇等。這類名詞有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，motion，order，pity，proposal, recommendation，requirement，resolution，shame，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad．我建議派他去國外進一步學習。III.虛擬語氣用在表語從句或同位語從句中

當某些表示建議、請求、命令等主觀意向的名詞作主語時，其后的表語從句或同位語從句需用虛擬語氣，其表達形式為should ＋動詞原形或直接用動詞原形。這類名詞常見的有：

demand(要求), desire(請求), requirement(要求), advice(勸告), recommendation(建議), suggestion(建議)order(命令)necessity(必要地), preference(優先)proposal(計劃), plan(計劃), idea(辦法)，recommendation等。

We are all for your proposal that the discussion be put off．我們都贊成你提出的將討論延期的建議。

The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes was accepted by everyone．由市長頒發獎金的建議被每個人接受。

The advice is that we(should 可省略，下同)leave at once.My idea is that we(should)get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we(should)hold a meeting next week.IV.虛擬語氣用在It is（about ／high）time ＋that定語從句中 在It is（about／high）time ＋that從句中需用虛擬語氣，表示“該做??的時候了”，其動詞形式用一般過去時或should ＋動詞原形。

It's already 5 o'clock now．Don't you think it's about time we went home？現在已經5點鐘了，你不認為我們應該回家了嗎？

注：在this is the first time ／second time that．．．句型中，從句中謂語動詞用陳述語氣完成時態。例如：

Is this the first time that you have visited Hongkong？這是你第一次參觀香港嗎？ V.虛擬語氣用在as if（as though）引導的方式狀語從句中。

（一）在as if（as though）引導的方式狀語從句中，常用虛擬語氣，其動詞形式與wish后接賓語從句中的形式相同。Alan talked about Rome as if he were a Roman．艾倫談起羅馬來好像他是個羅馬人一樣。2 He pretends as if he didn't know the thing at all, but in fact he knows it very well.（用過去式表示與現在事實相反的假設）

3．The old man looked at the picture, he felt as though he had gone back to 20 years ago.(用過去完成式表示與過去相反的事實)那老人看著照片，他覺得仿佛回到20年前了。

4。They talked and talked as if they would never meet again.(would + 原形動詞meet，表示與將來事實相反)他們談了又談，仿佛他們不會再相見的樣子。

（二）虛擬語氣用在lest，for fear that及in case引導的目的狀語從句中。

在由lest等引導的目的狀語從句中需用虛擬語氣，表示“以防，以免” 等意思，其謂語動詞多由should＋動詞原形構成，should也可省略。

He was punished lest he should make the same mistake again．他被處以懲罰以免他再犯。VI、虛擬語氣在條件從句中的用法： 條件從句有兩類：（1）真實條件句；（2）虛擬條件句。如果假設情況有可能發生的，就是“真實條件句”。如： If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有時間的話，我們就一起去釣魚。)如果假設的情況與事實相反，則為“虛擬條件句”。如：

If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.如果昨天下雨的話，我們就會留在家里。）

這種句子一般由“從句”（Subordinate Clause）和“主句”(Main Clause)組成。如上例：

If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.“If it had rained yesterday” 就是“從句”；“we would have stayed at home” 則為主句。無論從句或主句的謂語都要用虛擬語氣。它們所用的動詞有三種時態(Tenses)，就是： 現在時態、過去時態、將來時態。

.一、與現在事實相反的假設(事情的發生都在同一時間內): 從句中用：if + 主語 + 動詞的過去式(be 用 were)主句中用：主語 + would(should, could , might)+ 動詞原形

例如：1.If I were you, I would go with him.2.If I were you, I should buy it.3.If I had time, I would study French.(如果有時間，我會學習法文。)（從句用過去式動詞had，主句用動詞原形 study）

4.If she knew English, she would not ask me for help.(如果她懂英文，她就不必要我幫了。)(從句用過去式動詞knew, 主句用動詞原形ask)注意：如果動作在進行中，主句要用：“主語 + would be + 進行式動詞 ” 5.If they were here, he would be speaking to them now.(從句用過去式動詞were, 主句用 would be speaking)

二、與過去事實相反的假設(假設從句的事實為過去的事)： 從句用：If + 主語 + had +過去完成式動詞

主句用：主語 + would(should, could, might)+ have +過去完成式動詞 +?? 1.If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed exam.(從句動詞用had studied, 主句動詞用have passed)如果你在上個學期用功一些，你就會在考試中過關了。

2.If you had taken my advice, you wouldn't have failed in the exam.(從句動詞用had taken, 主句動詞用have failed)如果你當時聽從我的勸告的話，你就不會在考試中失敗了。

3.If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.(從句動詞用had got up, 主句動詞用 have caught)如果你起身得早一點，你就會趕得上火車了。

4.If it had snowed, I would have skied in the park.(從句動詞用had snowed, 主句動詞用 have skied)如果下雪的話，我就可在公園里滑雪了。

注意：如果動作在進行中，主句要用：“主語 + would + have + 完成進行式動詞 5.If they had been here, he would have been speaking to them.(從句動詞用had been, 主句動詞用 have been speaking)

三、與將來的事實可能相反(對將來的事實實現的可能性不大)： 句：If + 主語 + should(或were)+ 動詞原形 +??

句：主語 + would(could, should, might)+ 動詞原形 +?? 1.If it should rain, the crops would be saved.(從句動詞用should rain，主句動詞用 be)如果天下雨，莊稼可能就收獲了。

2.If he were to go tomorrow, he might tell you.(從句動詞用were to, 主句動詞用 tell)如果明天他走的話，他可能會告訴你。

3.If he were here, I would give him the books.(從句動詞用 were, 主句動詞用 give)如果他在這兒，我可能會把書給他。

注意：如果動作在進行中，從句(不是主句喔)要用：”If + 主語 + 過去進行式動詞+??“ 4.If she were staying here now, I would let her ride my horse.(從句動詞用 were staying, 主句動詞用 let)如果她現在留在這兒，我可能會讓她騎我的馬。

從句的 If 有時可省略，那么從句中的動詞(were, had, should)就得移到主語前面： 1.原句：If she were younger, she would do it.去If：Were she younger, she would do it.(把動詞were移到主語she的前面)2.原句：If he had tried it, he could have done it.去If：Had he tried it, he could have done it.(把had移到主語he的前面)

四、錯綜條件句（混合型條件句）中虛擬語氣的用法有時虛擬條件句的從句和主句的動詞動作時態會不一致：

（一）從句表示過去，主句表示將來：

If they had started the early morning yesterday, they would be here now.（二）從句表示將來，主句表示過去：

If I were not to make a preparation for my experiment this afternoon, I would have gone to see the film with you last night.（三）從句表示過去，主句表示將來： If we hadn't made adequate preparations, we shouldn't dare to do the experiment next week.（四）從句表示將來，主句表示現在：

If we shouldn't have an exam this afternoon, I would go shopping now.（五）省略了條件句的虛擬語氣的用法（隱含型條件句）

有時候句中省略了條件句，而用 without / but for / in the absence of ”要不是“、”如果沒有"，表示條件虛擬句：

1.Without air, nothing could live.要是沒有空氣，什么也不能生存。

2.But for your assistance, we could not accomplish it.要不是你的幫忙，我們是難有成就的。

3.In the absence of water and air, nothing could live.如果沒有水和空氣，什么也不能生存。

The exercises for subjunctive mood

1.He acted ____ he had never lived in China before.a.as though b.even if c.as d.since 2.____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive.a.If he went b.Were he gone c.Should he have gone d.Had he gone 3.If you were older, I ____ you to go there yesterday.a.will allow b.should allow c.would have allowed d.had allowed 4.The secretary suggested that they ____ the men in at once.a.had brought b.should have brought c.brought d.bring 5.I wish I ____ able to tell him all about it last night.a.was b.were c.had been d.should be 6.If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus.a.arrived/would catch b.arrived/would have caught c.had arrived/had caught d.had arrived/would have caught 7.If I ____ more time, I would have gone with him.a.had b.had had c.have had d.would have 8.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.a.would come b.came c.would have come d.had come 9.The Jade Emperor ordered that the Monkey King _____ right away.a.would be arrested b.must be arrested c.be arrested d.had to be arrested 10.Jane's uncle insisted ____ in this hotel any longer.a.not staying b.not to stay c.that he not stay d.staying not 11.Don't touch the sleeping tiger.If he woke up, he _____ you.a.would come to b.would come at c.would have come toward d.will come to 12.Without electricity human life _____ quite different today.a.is b.will be c.would have been d.would be 13.How I wish I ____ to repair the watch!I only made it worse.a.had tried b.hadn't tried c.have tried d.didn't try 14.He demanded that the laboratory report ___ immediately after the experiment was done.a.was written b.be written c.must be written d.would be written 15.The man insisted that he _____ there.a.should send b.would be sent c.sent d.be sent 16.If he had not gone out in the storm _____.a.he will be alive now b.he would be alive now c.he would have been alive now 17.If it ___ tomorrow, what would we do? a.rains b.were to rain c.would rain d.rain 18.It is required that you ____ at six.a.will arrive b.arrive c.arrived d.would arrive 19.If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.a.had known b.would know c.should know d.knew 20.He spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thought _____.a.was far away b.had been far away c.were far away d.went far away.21.If it ___ rain, we ___ get wet.a.is to, should b.were to, would c.were going to, would d.was going to, should 22.If he ___ to the teacher attentively, he ___ the answer to the problem now.a.had listened, would have known b.listened, would know c.listened, would have known d.had listened, would know 23.But for the party, he ___ of hunger 30 years ago.a.would have died b.would die c.must have died d.must die 24.___ today, he would got there for holiday.a.Was he leaving b.Were he to leave c.Would he leave d.If he leaves 25.I would have come earlier, but I ___ that you were waiting for me.a.didn’t know b.hadn’t know c.would have known d.haven’t known 26.It’s high time that we ___ to school.a.would to b.went c.go d.will go 27.It seems as if it ___ rain.a.will b.is going to c.is to d.were going to 28.I’d rather you ___ right away.a.leave b.left c.will leave d.to leave 29.He is working hard for fear that he ___.a.fails b.failed c.would fail d.fail 30.It is really strange that the girl ___ so early.a.has been married b.has married c.be married d.would marry 31.Supposing I ___ this gift, what would he say? a.accept b.accepted c.should accept d.would accept 32.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ___ two weeks to prepare for the exam.a.give b.should give c.be given d.would be given 33.I was busy yesterday, otherwise I ___ your birthday party.a.attended b.had attended c.would attend d.would have attended 34.He insisted that he ___ me before.a.see b.should see c.had seen d.saw 35.The two strangers talked as if they ___ friends for years.a.were b.would be c.have been d.had been 36.We ___ our lives had it not been for the policeman.a.would have lost b.should lose c.might lose d.could have lost 37.----I thought you would come back tomorrow.----I would if I ___ to attend a meeting.a.don’t have b.didn’t have c.will not have d.would not have 38.He wishes ___ mistakes.a.he doesn’t always make b.he isn’t always making c.he didn’t always make d.he wouldn’t always making 39.It ___ very nice if only it were possible.a.will be b.would be c.is d.were 40.Without your help, our team ___ the last match.a.won’t win b.will lose c.wouldn’t have won d.can’t win 41.I wish ___ I what to do.a.knew b.have known c.know d.would know 42.___, I would take an umbrella with me.a.Had I been you b.I were you c.Were I you d.I had been you 43.If I had hurried, I ___ the train.a.would catch b.could catch c.would have caught d.had caught 44.He insisted that John ___ it.a.do b.does c.did d.would do 45.It is high time we ___ off.a.are b.were c.be d.will be 46.He felt as if he ___ more time to study for the test.a.needs b.were needed c.needed d.need 47.It is important that I ___ with Mr.Willians immediately.a.speak b.spoke c.will speak d.to speak 48.James wishes he ___ the football game instead of the film.a.saw b.see c.had been seen d.had seen 49.I wish ___.a.he left b.he leaves me alone c.he be left d.he would leave me alone 50.If I had known that, I ___ so.a.wouldn’t do b.wouldn’t have done c.won’t do d.have not done 51.The doctor suggested that she ___.a.will not smoke b.not smoke c.would not smoke d.did not smoke 52.If I ___ you, I wouldn’t return the call.a.be b.am c.was d.were 53.You talk as if you ___ there.a.were really b.has really been c.had really been d.would really be 54.He suggested that the work ___ at once.a.would started b.would be started c.should started d.should be started 55.It is strange that such a thing ___ in your school.a.will happen b.happen c.should happen d.happened 56.It is imperative that you ___ on time.a.are b.will be c.be d.would be 57.I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ___ there.a.was b.were c.had been d.went 58.It is time we ___ up our results.a.sum b.summed c.will sum d.would sum 59.If the doctor had been available, the child ___.a.would not die b.would not have died c.could not die d.could not have died 60.Dr.Bethune worked hard as if he ___.a.never had felt tired b.had never felt tired c.never felt tired d.was tired never 61.I enjoyed the movie very much.I wish I ___ the book from which it was made.a.have read b.had read c.should have read d.am reading 62.You are late.If you ___ a few minutes earlier, you ___ him.a.came/ would meet b.had come/ would have met c.come/ will meet d.had come/ would met 63.I wish my husband ___ as well as yours.a.had dressed b.dress c.will dress d.dressed 64.Edison kept phosphorus carefully in a bottle lest it ___.a.would burn b.burned c.was burning d.should burn 65.He looked as if he ___ ill for a long time.a.was b.were c.has been d.had been 66.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child ___.a.would not have been lied there for two hours b.would not have laid there for two hours c.would not have lied there for two hours d.would not have lain there for two hours 67.I wish that I ___ with you last night.a.went b.could go c.have gone d.could have gone 68.Let’s say you could go there again, how ___ feel? a.will you b.should you c.would you d.do you 69.Mr.Brown left for London long ago.That’s pity.I wish ___.a.I meet him.b.I’ll have met him c.I’d had met him d.I’d meet him 70.I can’t stand him.He always talks as though he ___ everything.a.knew b.knows c.has known d.had known 71.I wish I ___.a.will tell him that b.didn’t tell him that c.told him not that d.had not told him that 72.If you had told me in advance, I ___ him at the airport.a.would meet b.would had meet c.would have met d.would have meet 73.Kunar can take his car apart and put it back together again.I certainly wish he ___ me how.a.teaches b.will teach c.has taught d.would teach 74.I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I ___ so busy then.a.had been b.were c.was d.would be 75.I wish I ___ able to tell him all about it last night.a.should be b.were c.had been d.was 76.If it ___ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.a.had rained b.would had rained c.have seen c.did see 77.He suggested that they ___ use a trick instead of fighting.a.should b.would c.do d.had 78.My father did not go to New York;the doctor suggested that he ___ there.a.not went b.won’t go c.not go d.not to go 79.I would have gone to the meeting if I ___ time.a.had had b.have had c.had d.would have had 80.John wished ___.a.he will study more b.he had studied more c.he studies d.he won’t have studied more 81.You look so tired tonight.It is time you ___.a.go to sleep b.went to sleep c.go to bed d.went to bed 82.“Why didn’t you buy a new car?” “I would have bought one if I ___ enough money.” a.had b.have had c.would have d.had had 83.I recommended that the student ___ his composition as soon as possible.a.finishing writing b.should finish the writing c.finish writing d.finished writing 84.If she could sew, ___.a.she make a dress b.she would have made a shirt c.she will make a shirt d.she would had made a coat 85.___ today, he would get there by Friday.a.Would he leave b.Was he leaving c.Were he to leave d.If he leaves 86.His doctor suggested that he ___ a short trip abroad.a.will take b.would take c.take d.took 87.The Bakers arrived last night, if they’d only let us know earlier, ___ at the station.a.we’d meet them b.we’ll meet them c.we’d have met them d.we’ve met them 88.If I __ you, I ___ more attention to English idioms and phrases.a.was/ shall pay b.am/ will pay c.would be/ would pay d.were/ would pay 89.We might have failed if you ___ us a helping hand.a.have not given b.would not give c.had not given d.did not give 90.The Law requires that everyone ___ his car checked at least once a year.a.has b.had c.have d.will have 91.I wish ___ I busy yesterday;I could have helped you with the problem.a.hadn’t been b.weren’t c.wasn’t d.have not been 92.Had I known her name, ___.a.or does she know mine? b.and where does she live? c.she would be beautiful d.I would have invited her to lunch 93.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ___ all about that.a.know b.knows c.known d.knew 94.If I ___ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.a.possessed b.owned c.had d.had had 95.I wish I ___ a young man again.a.am b.was c.were d.will be 96.The librarian insists that John ___ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he had borrowed.a.will take b.took c.take d.takes 97.I left very early last night, but I wish I ___ so early.a.didn’t b.hadn’t left c.haven’t left d.couldn’t leave 98.I do not have a job.I would find one but I ___ no time.a.had b.didn’t have c.had had d.have 99.I wish that you ___ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.a.hadn’t b.didn’t have had c.hadn’t had d.hadn’t have 100.He insisted that we all ___ in his office at one o’clock.a.be b.to be c.would be d.shall be 101.Helen couldn’t got to France after all.That’s too bad, I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if ___.a.she’s gone b.she’ll go c.she’d gone d.she’d go 102.I must go there earlier.John has suggested that I ___ an hour before the discussion begins.a.go b.shall go c.will go d.would go 103.If her husband had not liked the dress ___.a.she would be delighted b.he would get mad c.she would have returned it d.she must have taken it back to the store 104.If I ___ you, I ___ worry.a.were/ wouldn’t b.was/ wouldn’t c.been/ would have d.be/ would 105.We ___ delighted if the report ___ true.a.were/ were b.shall be/ were c.should be/ were d.were/ would be 106.If he ___ here, he ___ you.a.had been/ would have helped b.would have been/ should have helped b.were/ had helped d.would have been/ would had helped 107.If I ___ so busy, I ___ the lecture that day.a.were not be/ should attend b.should not/ should have attend c.was not/ would attend d.had not been/ would have attended 108.If I ___ the way to New York, I ___.a.knew / would drive b.knew/ will drive c.knew/ would have drive d.had known/ would drive 109.But for the leadership of our Party, we ___.a.shouldn’t succeed b.could not have succeed c.will not succeed d.should not have succeeded 110.You ___ the train if you ___ a little earlier.a.could take/ started b.could have taken/ had started c.could take/ had started d.could have taken / started

Key to the subjunctive mood exercises: 1.a 2.d 3.c 4.d 5.c 6.d 7.b 8.c 9.c 10.c 11.b 12.d 13.b 14.b 15.d 16.c 17.b 18.b 19.d 20.b 21.b 22.d 23.a 24.b 25.a 26.b 27.b 28.b 29.d 30.c 31.b 32.c 33.d 34.c 35.d 36.a 37.b 38.c 39.b 40.c 41.a 42.c 43.c 44.a 45.b 46.c 47.a 48.d 49.d 50.b 51.b 52.d 53.c 54.d 55.c 56.c 57.c 58.b 59.b 60.b 61.b 62.b 63.d 64.d 65.d 66.d 67.d 68.c 69.c 70.a 71.d 72.c 73.d 74.c 75.c 76.a 77.a 78.c 79.a 80.b 81.d 82.d 83.c 84.b 85.c 86.c 87.c 88.d 89.c 90.c 91.a 92.d 93.d 94.d 95.c 96.c 97.b 98.d 99.c 100.a 101.c 102.a 103.c 104.a 105.c 106.a 107.d 108.a 109.d 110.b

第四篇：如何應用虛擬語氣

如何應用虛擬語氣

朱可寶

我們在日常生活中經常會聽到這樣一些話，“要是我有足夠的資金，我會買一輛屬于自己的轎車。”“要是再仔細一點，我就會考滿分。”“我要是你的話，我就會接受她的邀請.”其實，諸如此類的句子就是我們英語學習中的一個重要的知識點——虛擬語氣。我們自覺不自覺地運用了虛擬語氣來我們的情感。

在新課標教材中虛擬語氣是一個很重要的語言知識點，在高考中也是必考內容之一。高三學生要重視對虛擬語氣的復習。我們復習這個語言點時重點要復習習慣用法，特殊句型，以及和情態動詞一起使用。我們先看非真實的條件句中的謂語動詞。有三種情況，（一）與過去事實相反的假設，其固定結構是條件（假設）部分謂語動詞用had done, 主句（結論）部分用would/should/could/might+ have done(主動)/have been done(被動).表示“要是過去（不）做了。。，就（不）會有。。發生或出現”這樣一種心情。例如，If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t have failed in the exam.（要是你真的努力了，你就不會考試不及格了。）言外之意就是說平時不努力，不及格自然是很正常的，表示一種既惋惜又責備的心情。

（二）與現在事實相反的假設，其固定結構為條件(假設)部分的謂語動詞用過去式，主句(結論)部分用would/should/could/might do（主動）/be done(被動).例如，If I were you, I would buy a new car rather than a second-hand one.(要是我是你的話，我就買一輛新車而不是二手車。)務必注意，虛擬語氣中只用能用were, 不能用was.（三）與將來事實相反的假設，其固定結構是這樣的，條件(假設)部分的謂語動詞用過去式/were to do/should do, 主句（結論）用would/could/should/might do(主動)/be done(被動).例如，If it were to rain/should rain/rained tomorrow, we would put off the visit to the Great Wall.(要是明天下雨的話，我們就推遲去長城。)特別要提醒的是，(一)如果條件句中有were/ had/should時，可以采用省略if的句式，方法就是將were/should/had調到句首。例如，Had we left earlier, we would have arrived there on time.(If we had left earlier, we would have arrived there on time.)

（二）Without…/But for…/otherwise….相當于一個非真實條件句，謂語動詞也要用虛擬語氣。例如，Without your help, I wouldn’t have finished this work.(If you hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have finished this work.)I really had so much work to do yesterday, otherwise I would have gone shopping with you.(I really had so much work to do.If I hadn’t been so much work to do, I would have gone shopping with you.)虛擬語氣在從句中的應用也較多。主要有以下幾個方面：1，用在wish 的賓語從句中。表示不能或難于實現的愿望。例如，I wish I could fly to the moon one day.（但愿有一天我能夠飛到月球上去。）2，用在suggest/order/command/demand等表示建議，要求，命令之后的從句中，用should do/should be done.Should可以省略，只保留do/be done例如，The teacher suggested that this plan(should)be discussed first.（老師建議這個計劃要先討論一下。）3, 用在as if/as though之后的從句中。例如，She danced as if she were a professional dancer.（她的舞跳得仿佛她就是一個職業舞蹈者。）4，用在it is(high)time之后的從句中。表示到了該做某個事情的時候了。例如，The big exam is coming, it is high time we should work harder.（大考臨近了，我們該努力了。）5，用在would rather 之后的從句中。表示一種愿望。例如，I would rather she didn’t miss the flight.（但愿她沒有錯過航班。）6，用在if only 之后的從句中。例如，If only I had worked harder.（我要是學習再刻苦一點就好了。）

當然，虛擬語氣的應用遠不止以上這些。在實際生活中的運用很復雜。要想熟練自如地使用虛擬語氣，我們必須在平時交流中盡可能多地運用虛擬語氣來表達我們的羨慕，嫉妒，批評，責備和愿望。只有這樣，我們才能熟諳虛擬語氣。

第五篇：虛擬語氣說課稿

我這節說課的題目是：高三英語虛擬語氣復習課。

一、說教材：（教學內容分析）

虛擬語氣是高中英語學習的重點以及難點內容，掌握虛擬語氣與客觀事實相反的三種情況，即與過去，現在和將來相反的三種情況下，從句和主句動詞的合適使用。虛擬語氣的內容多，學生容易混淆，處理難度大。因而課本也用了較多內容進行講解。本節選擇了虛擬語氣的兩種句式if條件從句與wish賓語從句進行講解。

虛擬語氣，在高考中這幾年出現的越來越頻繁，幾乎成了逢考必出的語法點。而學生的書面表達，若能用虛擬語氣造一兩個句子，顯然能夠提高寫作的檔次，所以，這個語法知識的練習總結也就顯得很有必要了。

二、說學生:（學情分析)就學生而言，基礎參差不齊。虛擬語氣在平時的考試訓練中一直都是他們感覺比較頭疼的一個問題。大多學生基礎薄弱，所以對于該語法知識的點我從最基礎的著手，涉獵的點大都是常考點。

三、教學目標：

1.了解并掌握虛擬語氣中與客觀事實相反的基本用法，學會解決高考中的試題，能夠將虛擬語氣運用到生活當中。2.通過語法練習和語言實踐練習，讓學生構建一個完整的語法知識體系以便能夠靈活所學到的知識，做到舉一反三。

本節課的目的是想通過對虛擬語氣專項的訓練和總結，讓學生能夠真正掌握虛擬語氣，以達到熟練做題，并在寫作中運用的目的。

四、教學重點：

了解和掌握虛擬語氣語法項目和基本原則。

重點句式：

（1）if 引導的條件從句的虛擬語氣；

（2）wish/as if /if only 后面賓語從句的虛擬用法；

五、教學難點：

能運用虛擬語氣去完成試題練習并能運用到情景對話當中

六、說教學模式： 教法采用的是任務型教學法。結合學生的自主學習，合作探究，利用1T4P教學模式，把各個任務由易到難分解到4個環節中 在各項任務的設計方面盡可能的簡化，但是也有個別難點需要滿足部分優秀學生的需要。

七、說教學設計： Step 1: Presentation 在Preparation環節，我通過展示幾幅圖片來引出幾個使用虛擬語氣的情景：我要是擁有很多線，我會買一棟別墅。他要是開車小心點，昨天就不會出車禍了。我要是明天能見到姚明，我要向他索要簽名。圖圖希望每天都是他的生日。和現在相反的虛擬，和過去相反的虛擬，和將來相反的虛擬，以及在賓語從句中的虛擬一一點出，讓學生去感知虛擬語氣的概念，了解虛擬語氣的使用。

Step 2: Presentation 在這個環節設計了五個任務：虛擬語氣在各種不同情境下的時態，混合型虛擬的使用，含蓄條件句中的虛擬，虛擬語氣的省略倒裝和虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的使用。后四個都是常考的重點，虛擬語氣的省略倒裝和在名詞性從句中的使用是難點。

在整個教學過程中，對于學生的學習活動前三個安排的都是自主學習，問題設計的也不難，旨在通過學生對語法知識的復習來鞏固他們以前所學的知識并進一步強化。對于虛擬語氣的省略設計的是同桌合作，小范圍的探究解決問題。而對于虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的運用則是分組討論總結，以求達到夯實語言基礎的目的。

Step3: Practice Practice環節是在近幾年的高考試題中選取了十道和虛擬語氣相關的單選題，讓學生去感知這個只是點在高考中的出題方向，并能在掌握知識后正確的做題來樹立自信心。這一部分他們獨立完成后核對答案并提出問題，如果有必要，我會為他們對本節知識做進一步的總結和補充。

Step4: Production 第四個環節，即production環節，我設計了七道糾錯題，這些錯誤也是學生在平時的寫作中常出現的問題，虛擬語氣在書面表達中具有舉足輕重的地位，所以，讓學生學會運用虛擬語氣寫出一些高質量的句子，我認為很有必要。Homework: 對于作業布置，一是讓學生再次認真復習學案上列出的有關虛擬語氣的知識點，而是給他們提供了三個漢語句子讓他們翻譯，讓他們再次感知虛擬語氣語法在句子中使用的奧妙。

七、設計理念及反思： 1.理念

本節課開始向學生講解英語語法中有關虛擬語氣的內容。虛擬語氣是英語學習中的重點內容，也是高考所要考查的重點內容。但由于其內容過多而且復雜，不利于被學生掌握。如果講解內容過多將不利于學生對其掌握。所以本節只講述虛擬語氣中最基本的情況，這樣既有利于學生理解與記憶，還可以在后邊的學習中進行類比。

由于學生在英語方面學得一般，因此課堂教學過程中要注意與學生互動，充分調動他們的積極性。多添加討論活動，讓他們在討論中加深對知識的理解。同時，情景對話也是非常必要的，讓他運用所學的知識去與別人溝通，將更有利于教學。

2.反思

在教學的過程中老師要注意引導學生成為學習的主角，通過對學生的引導讓他們學會主動學習。老師在講課過程中要多與生活實例結合，這樣更有利于吸引學生。另外，還要注意講課一定要講清楚，對于不容易理解的問題要多講，對于學生不會的問題一定要解答，幫助他們學習理解所學知識。最后，結合歷年高考題和各種練習題，夯實基礎。