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低級語法動詞的時態教案

時間:2019-05-12 18:08:24下載本文作者:會員上傳
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第一篇:低級語法動詞的時態教案

第十一章 動詞的時態教案.教學日期:2017.5.19

15:00-17:00

Teacher: Elaine 動詞的時態教學設計

一、學習者分析

這個班的學生的英語基礎比較低,對于語法的認識可能是一無所知或者是模模糊糊,所以通過學習本節內容,讓學生更系統的認識動詞的時態的使用。

二、教學內容分析

1、本節的主要內容及在本章中的地位

本節的主要內容有時態的定義,一般現在時,一般過去時,一般將來時,現在進行時,現在完成時,(過去完成時,過去進行時)過去完成時,從而再與之前所學的動詞的基本形式的對比,讓學生理解動詞的基本形式在動詞的時態中的運用,時態在語法中占非常重要的比例,在考試時也占據了重要比分。

本節課的內容比較容易模棱兩可,時態太多,動詞的基本形式難以區分。大多數學生學起來有一定難度,在教學中通過設疑提問,引導學生觀察、分析比較和歸納,使之逐步掌握動詞的時態的相關知識。

2、教學重點、難點

重點:時態的定義,一般現在時,一般將來時,一般過去時,現在進行時,現在完成時。

難點:動詞的基本形式在動詞的時態中的靈活運用,對時態的一個區分。

三、教學目標 【知識與技能】

1、理解時態的定義

2、掌握一般現在時的定義,理解一般現在時的構成,明白一般現在時中動詞的形式:動詞原形,第三人稱單數。

3、掌握一般將來時的定義,理解一般將來時的構成,明白一般將來時中動詞的形式:動詞原形。

4、掌握一般過去時的定義,理解一般過去時的構成,明白一般過去時中動詞的形式:動詞過去式。

5、掌握現在進行時的定義,理解現在進行時的構成,明白現在進行時中動詞的形式:動詞的現在分詞。

6、掌握現在完成時的定義,理解現在完成時的構成,明白現在完成時中動詞的形式:動詞過去分詞。【過程與方法】

1、通過讓學生觀察、比較,加深動詞時態的語法使用。

2、通過做練習,能靈活的判斷各個時態,并理解各個時態中動詞的形式。

【情感態度與價值觀】

1、通過感受時態在語法中的重要作用,激發對語法學習

2、通過對時態的學習,樹立主動學以致用的意識。

四、教學策略選擇與設計

本節課將以教學大綱為依據,采用“教師為主導、學生為主體”的教學系統設計模式,在教學過程中,通過設疑提問,引導學生自主發現問題,培養的學生主觀能動性;最后,通過課堂練習,進一步鞏固所學內容知識,并對學生當堂課學的情況進行反饋和補充。

五、教學過程設計

Step 1 : Pre-task preparation 1.Greeting T: Hello,boys and girls.Ss:Hello,Elaine.T:How are you today? Ss:I am fine, thank you.T:OK,good, 2.Roll call T:Very good.next , let’s have a roll call, when I call your name, please hands up and say “here” OK? Ss:OK T:Let’s begain.(點名)(板書加分機制)

Step 2 : while-task procedure 1.Lead-in T:Do you remember what we have learned last week ? Ss:Yes

T:What have we leaned? Ss:verb./ 動詞/ V.T:Wonderful!在講解動詞時,我們重點講解了動詞的形式,right? Ss:Yes!T:OK, good!Who can tell me something about it? S1:動詞原形/V原

T:Wonderful , anything else? S3:V-ing / 動詞的ing形式/動詞的現在分詞。。。。(復習動詞的各個形式,已經變化規則)T:那么今天我們繼續學習動詞的時態,tense,Do you know what is tense? S4:......S6:......S9:.....T: Very good!英語時態就是用動詞的形式變化來表示不同時間內發生的動作或存在的狀態。

在英語中,每一句話都至少包含一種時態,所以我們應該認識到時態的重要性,我們今天要學習五種時態。下面我們一一地來認識它們。2.一般現在時(主+do/does)用 法:

A)表示現在發生的動作、情況、狀態和特征。B)習慣用語。

C)經常性、習慣性動作。

例:He always helps others.(他總是幫助別人。)D)客觀事實和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前后文不是一般現在時,則無法保持 主句、從句時態一致。E)表示一個按規定、計劃或安排要發生的動作,(僅限于某些表示“來、去、動、停、開始、結束、繼續”等的動詞)可以與表示未來時間的狀語搭配使用。常見的用法是:飛機、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點運行的交通方式。

例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.(下一趟火車今天下午3點開車。)

How often does this shuttle bus run?(這班車多久一趟?)

F)在時間和條件狀語從句里經常用一般現在(有時也用現在完成時)表示將來事 情。例:When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成這份報告的時候,我就已經等了將近3個小時了。)

2.現在進行時(主+ be doing)用法:現在正在進行的動作。3.一般過去時(主+did)用法:

A)表示過去某個時間發生的動作或情況。

B)表示過去習慣性動作。特別是由would/ used to do表達的句型,本身表示的 就是過去時。例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人過去常常坐在寧靜的公園里的一條長椅上,看著其他的人,一坐就是數個小時,什么也不干,也不和任何人交談。)He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。)

C)有時可代替一般現在時,表達一種婉轉、客氣、禮貌、商量的語氣。

例:I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?(我想向您借車用一用,可以嗎?)Would you mind my sitting here?(您介意我坐在這里嗎?)注意事項:

A)注意時間狀語的搭配。一般過去時的時間狀語應該是表示過去某個時間的詞或詞組,如:yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等,絕對不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用因為這樣的時間狀語都與現在有關系,應該用現在完成時或一般現在時。

B)used to do的否定形式和疑問形式很特別:你怎么寫都正確。以否定形式為例:used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do

都對。Used to do經常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結構進行對比。前者表示“過去常?;蜻^去曾經”,要求加動詞原形;后者表示“習慣于”,要求加名詞或動名詞。一般將來時 用法:

A)基本結構是will / shall do, be going to do。例:We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.(我們將送給她一個玻璃的手工制品,作為給她的生日禮物。)B)有

詞,如

:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用于一般進行時,并且通常與一個表示將來時間的時間狀語連用,可以表示將來時。例g here until May.(我媽媽下周將來看我,并會呆到5月。)

C)表示“打算去……,要……”時,可用be going to do。例:This is just what I am going to say.(這正是我想說的。)

D)表示“即將、正要”時,可用be about to do。強調近期內或馬上要做的事。

:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.(別擔心,我馬上就給你做一次仔細的檢查。)E)“be to do”的5種用法:

a)表示“按計劃、安排即將發生某事或打算做某事”。

例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.(星期一你

:My mother is coming to visit me next week and is stayin準會在實驗室見到她。)

b)該做或不該做的事情(語氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to),表示一種命令規勸性語氣。

:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids.Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.(孩子們,你們必須 上床睡覺,不準吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內就要到了。)c)能或不能發生的事情(接近can, may)

例:How am I to pay such a debt?(我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢?)d)不可避免將要發生的事情,后來將要發生的事情。

:I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible.Have a little patience.A.will be attended B.will be attended to C.is attended D.is attended to will be attended to關鍵的一點是:attend表示“處理,解決”時是不及物動詞,必須與to連用。另外,從上下文看,事情顯然尚未解決,所以應該用將來時的被動語態。答案是B。e)用于條件從句“如果……想,設想”(接近if ……want to,或if ……should)

:Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.A)is to be B)can be C)will be D)has been 答案是A)is to be。全句的意思是:“如果要避免食品短缺,就必須作出更大努力來增加農業產量?!?F)同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。例our team has been scored 7 points.(教練想要放棄這場比賽了,因為對方已經射進了7個球。)

現在完成時(have done)用 法:

A)表示動作到現在為止已經完成或剛剛完成。例

:The coach is on the point of giving up the game because I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A)didn't sell B)sold C)haven't sold D)would sell 答案是C)haven't sold。

B)表示從過去某時刻開始,持續到現在的動作或情況,并且有可能會繼續延續下去。此時經常用延續性動詞。時間狀語常用since加一個過去的時間點,或for 加一段時間,或by加一個現在時間。例:Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A)are to challenge C)have been challenged B)may be challenged D)are challenging 全句的意思是:“雖然牛頓是個偉大的人物,但他的許多見解直到今天還在受到挑戰,并且被現代科學家的工作所修 正?!眂hallenge是及物動詞,在本句中應當是被動語態;其動作延續到今天,所以要用現在完成時態??梢姶鸢甘荂)have been challenged。A)are to challenge和D)are challenging都是主動語態,不可能是答案。B)may be challenged雖然是被動語態,但意思與全句內容不合,所以不對。C)表示發生在過去,但對現在仍有影響的動作或情況。通常用點動詞,如:arrive, begin, find, give, loseJohn has broken his left leg.(約翰摔斷了左腿。)注意事項

A)現在完成時是聯系過去和現在的紐帶?,F在完成時和過去時的區別在于:現在完成時強調動作的動態,或受動態的影響,是動態的結果,對現在有影響;過去時只表 示過去的某個具體時間里發生的動作,與現在沒有聯系。

例:He worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他曾經在那家醫院工作了8年。

這只是講述一個過去的事實,他現在已經不在那家醫院

等。例:了。)He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他已經在那家醫院里工作了8年。表示他從過去開始工作,一直工作到現在,現在仍在那家醫院工作。)B)因為含有for加一段時間或since加一個時間點這樣的時間狀語的完成時,有動態和延續性的特點,所以不能使用終端動詞或瞬間動詞。例:My sister has been married for 5 years.(過去分詞做表

態,可

延續)My sister has married.Don't disturb her.(終端動詞)

C)在“this is the first/ second/ third?? time that??”句型里要求用完成時。例

:This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.(這是我公司產品第二次參加國際展覽會。)

D)句型“It is/ has been??since”所使用的兩種時態都正確。例:It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.(從我上次見到他以來已經10年了。)

E)在“no sooner than”、“hardly/ scarcely ??when”、“before”、“prior to”等句型中,主句要求完成時。例:I haven't met that professor prior to today.(以前我從未見過那位教授。)

Step 3.練習題鞏固,總結 Step 4.家庭作業 Step 5.學生回憶 Step 6.學生對課程的反饋 Step 7.課后反思

第二篇:動詞時態和語態教案專題

動詞時態和語態教案

徐紅平2012-9動詞時態和語態

目標:1.掌握英語的八種基本時態和幾種??紩r態

2.了解并熟練掌握高考的幾種熱點時態

3.區分并正確運用幾種易混時態

一、英語的常見時態:

一般

進行

完成完成進行

現在

一般現在時

現在進行時

現在完成時

現在完成進行時

過去

一般過去時

過去進行時

過去完成時

過去完成進行時

將來

一般將來時

將來進行時

將來完成時 /

過去將來

過去將來時

/ / /

練兵場——穩操勝券

1.Look at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026 ______ off at 18∶20.A.takes

B.took

C.will be taken

D.has taken 答案 A 解析: 飛機、火車等按時刻表運行,表達時用一般現在時表將來。

2.The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous.She_before.A.hasn’t flown

B.didn’t fly

C.hadn’t flown

D.wasn’t flying

答案 C 解析: hadn’t flown動作發生在was nervous之前。

3.My cousin went to Canada two years ago.He ______ there for a few months and then went to America.A.worked

B.would work

C.would be working

D.has been working 答案 A 解析: 考查一般過去時的基本用法。句中并列連詞and連接兩個發生在過去的順承的動作,時態應該一致。

4.--Your job ______ open for your return.--Thanks.A.will be kept

B.will keep

C.had kept

D.had been kept 答案 A 解析: keep the job/the position open使工作、職位等處于空缺狀態,由句意“隨時歡迎你回來工作”可知用將來時。

5.--______ you ______ him around the museum yet?--Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have;shown

B.Do;show C.Had;shown

D.Did;show 答案 A 解析: 此處表示說話者詢問對方“有沒有帶領他參觀博物館”的結果,故用現在完成時。6.--I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.--Impossible.She ______ TV with me in my home then.A.watched

B.had watched

C.would watch

D.was watching 答案 D 解析: 考查動詞時態。句意為:“我昨晚8點鐘在公園看見簡和她男朋友了!”“不可能。她當時正在我家和我一起看電視。”此處時間狀語為then,指的是at eight yesterday evening,指過去某一時間點正在進行的動作,故應用過去進行時態。7.The flowers were so lovely that they ______ in no time.A.sold

B.had been sold

C.were sold

D.would sell 答案 C 解析: 由“were so...”可知此處用一般過去時態;flowers應該是“被賣光”,故用被動形式。8.--What’s that noise?

--Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine ______.A.was tested

B.will be tested C.is being tested

D.has been tested 答案 C 解析: 根據一對一的問答可知,“機器正在被檢測”,故選C項。

9.In a room above the store,where a party ______, some workers were busily setting the table.A.was to be held

B.has been held C.will be held

D.is being held 答案 A 解析: 考查動詞的時態與語態。根據“some workers were busily setting the table”判斷,聚會還沒舉行,應用將來時態,且整個句子用了過去時,故用過去將來時態。10.--I have got a headache.--No wonder.You ______ in front of that computer too long.A.work

B.are working

C.have been working

D.worked 答案 C 解析: 考查動詞的時態。由“I have got a headache”可知,空處應用現在完成進行時表示動作“從過去開始持續至今且還會進行下去”,體現過去開始的動作對現在的影響及結果。

二、熱點時態: 一般過去時,現在完成時,過去完成時,過去進行時 1.I ______ you not to move my dictionary--now I cannot find it.A.asked

B.ask

C.was asking

D.had asked 2.--The window is dirty.--I know.It ____ for weeks.A.hasn’t cleaned B.didn’t clear C.wasn’t cleaned D.hasn’t been cleaned 3.She was surprised to find the fridge empty;the child _____ everything!A.had been eating

B.had eaten

C.have eaten

D.have been eating 4.--Has Sam finished his homework today?

--I have no idea.He ______ it this morning.A.did

B.has done

C.was doing

D.had done 5.--Have you decided already?

--Yes, I______ at once.--Yes, I______ already.A.have decided

B.decided

C.will decide

D.had decided

三、易混時態辨析: 1.一般現在時和現在進行時

1).Listen to the two girls by the window.What language ____ they _______(speak)? 2).I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.A.will play

B.have played

C.played

D.play 一般現在時指經常性,習慣性的動作;而現在進行時則表示此刻或近一段時間正在進行的動作。

2.一般過去時和過去進行時

1).He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it.A.wrote;has finished

B.was writing;has finished C.was writing;had finished

D.wrote;will finish

過去進行時表當時正在進行而尚未完成的動作或狀態。2).As she _______ the newspaper, Granny _______ asleep.A.read;was falling

B.was reading;fell

C.was reading;was falling

D.read;fell

長動作在進行時,被一個短動作打斷,長動作用進行體,短動作用一般體。一般過去時表示一個已經完成的動作或過去習慣性的動作,過去進行時表示過去某時正在進行的動作,具有持續和未完成的含義。3.一般過去時與現在完成時

1).I _______(live)there for six years when I was a kid.2).He ________ abroad for ten years and now he is used to the life in Beijing.A.has lived

B.had lived

C.lived

D.was living 3).When I was at college I _______ three foreign languages but I ________ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten

B.spoke;have forgotten

C.had spoken;had forgotten

D.had spoken;have forgotten 二者所表示動作均發生在過去。一般過去時僅指動作在過去發生了,對現在沒有影響;現在完成時的動作雖發生在過去,但影響到現在仍然存在。

四、挑戰高考——信心滿滿

1.Ladies and gentlemen,please fasten your seat belts.The plane ______.A.takes off

B.is taking off

C.has taken off

D.took off 答案 B 解析: 考查動詞的時態。動詞go,come,leave及詞組take off等用現在進行時表示將要發生的動作。

2.John,a friend of mine,who got married only last week,spent $ 3,000 more than he ______ for the wedding.A.will plan

B.has planned

C.would plan

D.had planned 答案 D 解析: plan表示的動作發生在spend這一過去動作之前,故應該用過去完成時。句意為:我的朋友約翰上周結婚了,婚禮花去了3 000美元,超過了原計劃。3.--Did you see a man in black pass by just now?--No, sir.I ______ a newspaper.A.read

B.was reading C.would read

D.am reading 答案 B 解析: 由just now判斷應用過去時態,又由語境“穿黑衣服的人路過時,我正在看報,所以沒看見他”知空處要用過去進行時。

4.I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ______ there several years ago.A.are going

B.had been

C.went

D.have been 答案 C 解析: 句中several years ago是一般過去時的標志。5.--Have you got any job offers?--No.I ______.A.waited

B.had been waiting

C.have waited

D.am waiting 答案 D 解析: 句意為:“有人給你提供工作了嗎?”“沒有,我正在等著?!庇矛F在進行時態表示正在進行的動作或存在的狀態。

6.When you are home, give a call to let me know you ______ safely.A.are arriving

B.have arrived

C.had arrived

D.will arrive 答案 B 句意: 當你到家的時候,打電話給我讓我知道你已經到家了。

解答:根據選項此題考察時態。此題可以根據句意也可以使用排除法。句意為“當你到家的時候,打電話給我讓我知道你已經到家了”B選項使用現在完成時表示將來完成,譯為“已經??”。同時也可以使用排除法,arrive既可以使用現在進行時表示將來也可以用will + do表示將來,因此A和D同時排除,C為過去完成時,使用過去完成時時句中一定要有一般過去時,過去完成時是過去的過去,因此C也排除,選擇B.7.--Tommy is planning to buy a car.--I know.By next month, he _______ enough for a used one.A.saves

B.saved

C.will save

D.will have saved 答案 D 解析: 考查動詞的時態。句意為“——Tommy將計劃買車。——我知道,到下個月為止,他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了?!眀y next month是將來完成時的標志,全句表示在將來next month之前完成“積攢足夠錢”的動作,對將來的時間next month產生影響,能買一輛舊車。故選D。

8.--That must have been a long trip.--Yeah, it ______ us a whole week to get there.A.takes

B.has taken

C.took

D.was taking 答案 C 解析: 考查動詞的時態。句意為“——那一定是長途旅行?!堑模覀兓苏恢軙r間才趕到那兒?!鳖}干中must have done是對過去的肯定推測,提示時間在過去,描述過去的情況,排除A和B,D項was taking進行時態表將來,但事實上事情已發生,這與題意不符,因此選C。

9.When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ______ there.A.had been lying

B.has been lying

C.was lying

D.has lain 答案 A 解析: 考查動詞的時態。句意為“當Alice蘇醒過來時,她不知道她在那兒躺了多久了。”過去完成進行時主要表示持續到過去某時之前的動作。came to蘇醒過來是過去時,蘇醒前的情況是過去的過去,強調過去的過去里發生的事,故選A。

10.Planning so far ahead _ no sense--so many things will have changed by next year.A.made

B.is making

C.makes

D.has made 答案 C 解析: 考查動詞的時態。句意為“計劃這么超前毫無意義—到明年許多事情會發生變化的?!鼻熬浔硎粳F在的情況make no sense,后句表示到將來會產生的后果will have changed。一般現在時表示主語的特征或狀態。is making和has made表示具體的動作過程,故不選。因此選C。

第三篇:語法系列復習專題-----動詞時態,被動語態

語法系列復習專題-----動詞時態,被動語態 一、一般現在時

1.一般現在時表示經常發生、習慣性動作、客觀真理、科學事實、格言,目前的特征、狀態、能力等。

2.主句是一般將來時,時間、條件狀語從句中用一般現在時表示將來。如:

I′ll go there after I finish my work./ If it rains tomorrow,I won′t go there.3.在以here,there開頭的句子里,go,come等少數動詞的一般在時表示正在發生的動作。例如:There goes the bell.鈴響了。There comes the bus.汽車來了。Here she comes.她來了。

二、現在進行時

1.表示正在進行的動作。

2.表示按計劃安排即將發生的動作。例如:She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。

He is working as a teacher tomorrow.從明天起他要做老師。My father is coming to see me this Saturday.這個星期六我爸爸要來看我。3.代替一般現在時,描繪更加生動。例如:The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滾滾向東流。The sun is rising in the east.太陽從東方冉冉升起。

4.大多數動詞可用于進行時,但也有些動詞不用于進行時。常見的有:exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget,believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。

三、現在完成時

1.表示過去發生的動作對現在產生的影響或結果,或說話時已完成的動作。例如:I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.2.表示從過去開始,待續到現在的動作或狀態,往往和“for?”, “since?”表述的一段時間狀語連用。例如:He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.3.現在完成時與一般過去時的區別:

1)用兩種時態來表述發生在過去的某一動作,現在完成時強調這一過去動作對現在產生的影響或結果,而一般過去時只表達過去的動作或狀態,和現在關系不大。例如:She has cleaned the room.It′s very clean now.(此句has cleaned就不能改為cleaned.一是因為cleaned與現狀無關,二是因為一般過去時不可突然跳到It′s?這樣的一般現在時。)

2)漢語中的“了”、“過”、“曾”等詞常用完成表達,如:I have seen that film.(我看過那部電影了。)但是如果是在特定的過去時間“看了”、“做過”,就不可用完成時而必須用一般過去進來表達。例如:When did you see that film? I saw it yesterday.(你什么時候看了那部電影?我昨天看的。)不能說:When have you seen that film?I have seen it yesterday.4.表示“曾經到過某地(人已回來)”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了(還未回來)”用“have/has gone to”.例如:

——Where is Li Hua? -He has gone to the reading-room.——She knows a lot about Shanghai.-She has been there.5.短暫動詞(即瞬間動詞),join, lose, buy, borrow, leave, go, come, arrive, die, marry, finish, complete, begin, start, break out等,在完成時態中,其肯定式不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。例如不能說:He has finished the work for three hours.要翻譯“他已完成工作三小時了?!笨刹捎?)“ago法”:He finished the work three hours ago.2)“延續法”:He has been through(with)the work for three hours.3)“since法”:It is/has been three hours since he finished the work.四、現在完成進行時

1.用來表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續到現在(或今后還要繼續一去)的動作。例如:He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00./ It has been raining for two days.2.凡是不能用于現在進行時的動詞均不能用于現成完成進行時。五、一般過去時

表達特定的過去時間內發生的動作或存在的狀況,或過去某一時間內經常發生或反復發生的動作或行為。

六、過去進行時

1.表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行的動作(這一過去時間須用時間狀語表示)。例如:He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2.表示動作在另一過去動作發生時進行。例如:They were still working when I left.3.用在兩個過去進行時動作同時發生。例如:I was writing while he was watching TV.4.表示過去將來動作。例如:He said she was arriving the next day.七、過去完成時

1.表示在過去某一時間以前已經完成的動作。例如:He had shut the door before the dog came up./ Everything had been all right up till this morning.2.表示動作或狀態從過去某個時刻開始一直延續到另一個過去時刻才完成,甚至還要繼續下去。例如:At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.3.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等動詞的過去完成時來表示未實現的希望、打算或意圖。例如:We had expected that you would be able to win the match.八、一般將來時

一般將來時表示將來要發生的動作和存在的狀況。有下列一些形式: 1.will/shall do(側重將來行為,不突出計劃安排去做某事)2.be going to do(主觀上打算或客觀上可能發生)

3.be doing(按計劃將要發生,常和表示最近的將來時間連用)4.be about to do(按計劃即將發生)

九、將來完成時

用來表示在將來某個時刻(前)將完成的動作。常和by短語,when,before引起的時間狀語連用。例如:We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.時態考點分析

1.——Can I join your club,dad?

——You can when you______a bit older.(NMET)

A.get B.will get C.are getting D.will have got 析:“You can”是將來意,when引導的時間狀語從句要用一般現在時表將來所以此題答案為A.2.——Oh,it’s you!I______you.——I’ve just had my hair cut and I’m wearing new glasses.A.didn’t recognize B.hadn’t recognized C.haven’t recognized D.don’t recongnize

析:從“Oh,it’s you!”可知說話時已認出對方?!皼]有認出”是在此之前為過去情況,所以應選A.3.I don’t think Jim saw me;he______into space.(NMET)A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared

析:在空白處應選一個與“saw”相配,能解釋Jim didn’t see me 這一原因的選項,只有著眼于A、B。若選A不能體觀他“當時正在做”某事,故排除A而選B。這樣因為“他正在望宇宙天空”所以“未看到我”。4.——______my glasses?

——Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago.(NMET)

A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.Would you see D.Have you seen 析:現在完成時可表過去發生的事情對現在產生的影響或結果,問話人以這樣的時態發問可作現焦急的心情。故答案為D。

5.You don’t need to describe her.I______her several times.(NMET)A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet 析:答案B。道理同4。

6.——Do you know our town at all?

——No,this is the first time I______here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am going 析:根據this/it is the first/second/?time sb.has done sth.句型,可定答案為B。又如:This is the second time he has visited the Great Wall.7.I don’t really work here.I______until the new secretary arrives.(NMET)A.just help out B.have just helped out C.am just helping out D.will just help out 析:根據I don′t really work here.以及?until the new secretary arrives,可知說話人所要做的事是計劃安排行為,C、D兩個選項都表將來動作,但D非計劃安排,C則體現按計劃去做,所以此題答案為C。8.——Is this raincoat yours?

——No, mine______ there behind the door.(NMET)A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung

析:此題的“懸掛”是指現狀而言,故表過去“掛”的B、D項可排除。C項雖指“現在掛”,但側重在常規,習慣。為了突出“你所指的那件雨衣不是我的,我的正掛在門后”這一意思,選A是極為合情理的。

被動語態

一、被動語態的句型

1.常見句式是:主語(受動者)+be+過去分詞+(by+施動者)

例如:He was scolded by the English teacher.2.主語+get+過去分詞+其它成分 例如:The boy got drowned last summer./ She got fired because of her faults.注意:使用這種結構不能帶有“by+施動者”

3.帶有雙賓語(直接賓語和間接賓語)的主動句變為動句,其主語可以是直接賓語,也可以是間接賓語。例如:She lent me a bike.?被動:1)I was lent a bike(by her).2)A bike was lent to me(by her).4.情態動詞+be+過去分詞

例如:This problem must be worked out in half an hour.5.雙重被動式:主語+被動式謂語+不定式的被動式+其它成分

例如;These magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room./The murderer was ordered to be shot.二、主動表示被動的幾種情況

1.不及物動詞與狀語連用,用以表示主語的品質和狀態。常見動詞是:cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。例如:This knife cuts well.這把刀好切。These books sell well.這些書好賣。The pen writes smoothly.這支筆寫起來流暢。Meat won′t keep long in such hot weather.肉在這樣熱的天氣里放不長久。The cloth washes well.這種布好洗。

2.一些連系動詞的主動式+形容詞。常見動look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。例如:The apples taste good./The flower smells wonderful./The news proved/turned out true./Cotton feels soft.注:prove也可用于被動式,如:His answer(was)proved right.3.不定式在某些形容詞之后,且與主語有動賓關系。常見形容詞有:hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如:The problem is easy to do./The question is difficult to answer./The box is heavy to carry./The project is impossible to complete in a year.比較:The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.沒有形容詞時,雖然不定式與主語是動賓關系,但必須用被動式。

三、容易誤用被動語態的幾種情況:

1.I teach myself French.不可變為Myself is taught French.因為反身代詞不可作主語。

2.We help each other/one another.不可變為Each other/One another is helped by us.因為相互代詞不可作主語。

3.He lost heart.不可變為Heart was lost by him.因為象lose heart,make a face,keep silence,lose in thought這類動賓結構的固定短語只能用于主動式,不能用被動式。

4.She took part in the sports meet.不能變為The sports meet was taken part in by her.因為象take part in,belong to ,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表狀態動詞沒有被動語態。

被動語態考點分析

1.I need one more stamp before my collection______.(NMET)

A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed

析:complete是及物動詞,“郵集”是被人完成的,須從表被動意的C、D中選擇。又因before等引導的時間狀語從句中謂語要用一般現在時表將來,所以此題答案為D。

2.——Do you like the material?

——Yes,it______very soft.(NMET)

A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt

析:觀察題干,空白線后無賓語,可知feel是不及物動詞,表“(某物)摸起來?”意思,是連系動詞,不能用于被動式,也不用進行時。根據此題對話情景,是指某種材料的常規特性,要用一般現在時,不能用過去時,故答案為C。feel作“感覺”、“認為”、“摸”等意時是及物動詞,可帶賓語,有時態,語態等變化。

3.Great changes______ in the city, and a lot of factories______.(NMET)A.have been taken place?have been set up B.have taken place?have been set up C.have taken place?have set up D.were taken place?were set up

析:take place(發生)是不及物動詞,不可用于被動語態,于是可排除A、D,又因set up(建造)是及物動詞,在此題中應該用被動式,故排除C,答案為B。4.Most of the artists______to the party were from South Africa.(NMET)A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited 析:首先可排除B。因為它不表示“被邀請”。又因D項少引導詞who,也應排除。A項=who were invited,C項=who were being invited,由象invite這類短暫動詞的現在分詞被動式不可作后置定語,故也應排除。因而可定答案為A。5.I don′t know the restaurant,but it′s______to be quite a good one.(NMET)A.said B.told C.spoken D.talked

析:根據“某人/某物據說?”英文句式為“sb/sth.is said?”可定答案為A。又如:He is said to be a clever boy.據說他是一個聰明的男孩。6.The police found that the house______and a lot of things______.(NMET)A.has broken into?has been stolen B.has broken into?had been stolen C.has been broken into?stolen D.had been broken into?stolen 析:“房屋被人闖入”,“東西被偷”都是被動語態,故可排除A、B。因C項中的has been broken into不能置于found之后,則答案只能是D。7.I promise that the matter will______.(NMET)

A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of 析:take care of?是固定短語,若無of則不可帶賓語,只能跟that從句。所以此題答案為B。

8.If city noises______from increasing,people____shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.(NMET)

A.are not kept?will have to B.are not kept?have to C.do not keep?will have to D.do not keep?have to

析:觀察題干,第一處必須用被動式,答案只能在A、B中選一。條件句用一般現在時,主句應為一般將來時,故答案為A。

9.The Olympic Games,____in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.(NMET)

A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing

析;要表達“被舉行”,只能在B、C中選。B意“將要首次舉行”。顯然不合in 776 BC這一過去時間,只有C,first played(=which was first played)才合用。故答案為C。

10.This sentence needs______.A.a improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved 析:初看此題似手A、C皆可,但improvement是元音開頭詞,其前要用an,故排除。need作實義動詞,和require,want一樣,后面可跟doing或to be done 表“需要被?”意。如:The door needs/wants/requires painting/to be painted.(這扇門需要漆一下。)11.I should very much like to have gone to the party,but I______invited.A.am not B.haven′t been C.was not D.will not be

析:should/would like to have done sth.意“本想做某事”,例如:I should like to have seen the film,but it wasn′t possible.由于這種句式表示“過去想”,所以but后的句子也應該是過去時態與之相配合,故此題答案是C。12.——______the note______to Mr Smith?

——No,It is still in my pocket.A.Is?being given B.Was?given C.Has?been given D.Hasn′t?been given 析:根據問句與答句,問話人顯然是注重結果,故要用現在完成時。似乎D作為反詰句“難道條還沒給史密斯先生嗎?”也成立,但若是這種口氣發問,答話人就應答“Sorry.It is still in my pocket.”,所以此題答案應為C。13.We heard it______that he had gone to New York.A.say B.said C.to say D.be said

析:It was said that?可以改為We heard it said that?(都表示“據說?”之意)。前一種說法中It 是形式主語,后一種說法中it是形式賓語。故此題答案為B。

動詞時態、語態專練

1.The maths problem can be______.A.easy worked out B.easy to be worked out C.easily worked out D.easily to work out

2.Every possible means______,but none proves successful.A.has been tried B.tried C.is being tried D.has tried 3.The girl is to______a rich man.A.marry with B.be married C.marry to D.be married to 4.He received a telegram that______“Mother sick”.A.wrote B.says C.reads D.read

5.Who can you imagine______to his wedding party?

A.inviting B.being invited C.was invited D.to be invited

6.I______ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.(NMET)A.gave B.was given C.was giving D.had given 7.——Will somebody go and get Dr.White?

——He′s already been______.(NMET)

A.asked for B.sent for C.called for D.looked for

8.A conductor______to keep us in time in the singing yesterday.A.needs B.is needing C.was needed D.has been needed 9.When and where to build the new factory______yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided

10.Ways______to stop pollution by now.A.must find B.will be found C.are found D.have been found 11.I don′t want anything______about it.A.to say B.said C.saying D.having said 12.——______that the sports meet might be put off.——Yes,it all depends on the weather.A.I′ve been told B.I′ve told C.I′m told D.I told

13.A library with five thousand books______to the nation as a gift.(NMET)A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered 14.Betty has never been heard _______ill of others.A.speak B.spoken C.to speak D.was said

15.Tom______to have delivered the speech in their theatre room.A.said B.says C.is said D.was said 16.——What do you think of the book?

——Oh,excellent.It′s worth______a second time.(NMET)A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read

17.Little Jim should love______to the theatre this evening.(NMET)A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking.18.______more attention,the trees could have grown better.(NMET)A.Given B.to give C.Giving D.Having given 19.——where______the book?I can’t see it anywhere.——I______it right here but now it’s gone.A.did you put;have put B.have you put;put

C.had you put;was putting D.were you putting;have put 20.He would not fail so long as he______hard the next term.A.studied B.would study C.had studied D.studies 21.How long______the English party______?

A.has;been lasted B.did;last C.was;lasted D.will;be lasted 22.What______you______this time next Friday?

A.will;do B.have;been doing C.are;doing D.will;be doing 23.Hardly______the bell______when the teacher came in.A.did;ring B.would;ring C.has;rung D.had;rung 24.It______and the streets were still wet.A.had been raining B.rained C.had been rained D.would rain 25.The book____on the ground for ten minutes but no noe has picked it up.A.is lying B.has lain C.lay D.has been lying 26.We______there when it______to rain.A.were getting;would begin B.were about to get;began C.had got;had begun D.would get;began

27.The teacher said we______ten lessons by the end of this term.A.should have studied B.were going to study C.have studied D.should study

28.——she told me she had met you in London last year.——______you______her since?

A.Had;met B.Did;see C.Would;meet D.Have;seen 29.——When______again?

——When he______,I’ll let you know.A.will he come;will come B.will he come;come C.he comes;comes D.will he come;comes 30.Tom______for more than a week.A.has left B.had gone away C.went away D.has been away 31.——What happened to her teeth?

——She______the apple more than she could chew.A.has bitten B.bit C.had been bitting D.bites

32.Shakespeare was said______37 famous plays in his lifetime.A.finishing writing B.to finish writing C.having written D.to have written

33.——You’ve agreed to go.So why aren’t you getting ready?

——But I______that you______me to start at once.A.don’t realize;want B.don’t realize;wanted C.haven’t realized;want D.didn’t realize;wanted 34.——I missed the lecture last night.——Oh,what a pity!I wish______.A.you heared it B.you had heard it

C.you never heard it D.you hadn’t heard it

35.I’ll return the book to the library as soon as I______it.A.finished B.am going to finish C.will finish D.have finished 36.——Your phone number again?I______quite catch it.——It’s 9586442.(NMET)

A.didn’t B.couldn’t C.don’t D.can’t 37.——I’m sorry to keep you waiting.——Oh,not at all.I______here only a few minutes.A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be

38.When I was at college.I______three foreign languages,but I______all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten

C.had spoedn;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten

39.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______.A.will arrive B.arrives C.is going to arrive D.is arriving(NMET)

40.——Who is Jerry Cooper?

——______?I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.(NMET)A.Don’t you meet him yet B.Hadn’t you met him yet C.Didn’t you meet him yet D.Haven’t you met him yet 41.——We could have walked to the station.It was so near.——Yes,a taxi______at all necessary.(NMET)

A.wasn’t B.hadn’t been C.wouldn’t be D.won’t be

42.We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose______to her?(NEMT)

A.was happening B.to happen C.has haqqend D.having happened 43.On Saturday afternoon,Mrs Green went to the market,______some bananas and visited her cousin.(NMET)

A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.buy

44.As she______the newspaper,Granny______asleep.(NMET)A.read;was falling B.was reading;fell C.was reading;was falling D.read;fell

45.I______the bad cold for a week,still I can’t get rid of it.A.caught B.have caught C.have D.have had 46.I______the time______so quickly.A.didn’t realize;had passed B.don’t realize;passed

C.haven’t realized;passed D.hadn’t realized;had passed

47.——My watch______twelve o’clock.It’s so late.——Let’s hurry up.A.is said B.says C.is told D.tells

48.Helen______her key in the office so she had to wait her husband_____home.(NMET)

A.has left;comes B.left;had come C.had left;came D.had left;would come 49.The pen I______I______is on my desk,right under my nose.(NMET)

A.think;lost B.thought;had lost C.think;had lost D.thought;have lost 50.——Jane has just arrived.——I didn’t know she______.A.is coming B.was coming C.had been coming D.will come

動詞時態、語態專練答案

1-5 C A D D C 6-10 B B C A D 11-15 B A A C C 16-20 C A A B A

21-25 B D D A D 26-30 B A D D D 31-35 B D D B D 36-40 A A B B D

41-45 A C A B D 46-50 A B C B B

第四篇:英語語法—動詞時態(推薦)

動詞時態

英語語法中的時態(tense)是一種動詞形式,不同的時態用以表示不同的時間與方式。動詞時態是表示行為、動作和狀態在各種時間條件下的動詞形式。因此,當我們說時態結構的時候,指的是相應時態下的動詞形式。

所謂“時”就是行為發生的時段或狀態存在的時段,即:“現在、進行、過去、將來”四種;所謂“態”就是行為或狀態發生時所呈現的狀態,有一般狀態、進行狀態、完成狀態和完成進行狀態四種。由時態結合,便形成下列十六種時態: 一般現在時,一般過去時,一般將來時,一般過去將來時; 現在進行時,過去進行時,將來進行時,過去將來進行時; 現在完成時,過去完成時,將來完成時,過去將來完成時;

現在完成進行時,過去完成進行時,將來完成進行時,過去將來完成進行時. 一般現在時

1.概念:表示經常發生的情況、有規律出現的情況、總是發生的事和事實真理。2.時間狀語:Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month?),once a week(day, year, month?),on Sundays(on Mondays ?).3.基本結構:主語 + do/does +其他;(如主語為第三人稱單數,動詞上要改為第三人稱單數形式)。

4.否定形式:主語 + am/is/are + not + 其他(此時態的謂語動詞若為行為動詞,則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用doesn't,同時還原行為動詞)。5.一般疑問句:把be動詞放于句首;用助動詞do提問,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用does,同時,還原行為動詞。6.例句:(1)It seldom snows here.這里很少下雪。

(2)He is always ready to help others.他總是樂于幫助別人。(3)Action speaks louder than words.事實勝于雄辯。一般過去時

1.概念:過去某個時間里發生的動作或狀態;過去習慣性、經常性的動作、行為。

2.時間狀語:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month?),in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結構:主語 + 動詞的過去式或be的過去式+名詞。

4.否定形式:主語 + was/were + not + 其他(在行為動詞前加didn't,同時還原行為動詞)。5.一般疑問句:was或were放于句首;用助動詞do的過去式did 提問,同時還原行為動詞。6.例句:(1)She often came to help us in those days.那些天她經常來幫助我們。(2)I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是這么忙。一般將來時

1.概念:表示將要發生的動作、打算、計劃或準備做某事。

2.標志:Tomorrow, soon, in a few minutes,,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本結構:(1)主語 + am/is/are + going to + do sth(2)主語 + will/shall + do + do sth 4.否定句:在系動詞is/am/are或情態動詞will/shall后加not 5.一般疑問句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。{首字母大寫} 6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他們將有一場比賽和我們一起研究。

It is going to rain.天要下雨了。一般過去將來時

1.概念:立足于過去某一時刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中。2.時間狀語:The next day(morning , year?),the following month(week?),etc.3.基本結構:主語 + was/were + going to + do + 其它;主語 + would/should + do +其它 4.否定形式:主語 + was/were + not + going to + do;主語 + would/should + not + do.5.一般疑問句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。6.例句:(1)He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他說他第二天要去北京。(2)I asked who was going there.我問,誰要去那里?,F在進行時

1.概念:表示現階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。2.時間狀語:Now, at this time, days, etc.look, listen 3.基本結構:主語+ be + doing + 其它

4.否定形式:主語 + be + not +doing + 其它 5.一般疑問句:把be動詞放于句首。

6.例句:How are you feeling today? 你今天感覺如何? He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現得很好。過去進行時

1.概念:表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發生或進行的行為或動作。

2.時間狀語:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。

3.基本結構主語+was/were +doing +其它

4.否定形式:主語+was/were + not +doing+其它 5.一般疑問句:把was或were放于句首。(第一個字母大寫)

6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段時間她在人民解放軍部隊工作。When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他進來時,我正在讀報紙。將來進行時

1.概念:表示將來某一時間正在進行的動作,或表示要在將來某一時間開始,并繼續下去的動作。常用來表示詢問、請求等。

2.時間狀語:Soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,in two days, tomorrow evening 3.基本結構:主語 + shall/will + be + 現在分詞 + 其它

4.否定形式:主語 + shall/will + not + be + 現在分詞 + 其它

5.例句:This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的這個時間,他們正坐在電影院。

He won’t be coming to the party.他不去參加聚會了。過去將來進行時 1.概念:表示就過去某一時間而言,將來某一時刻或某一段時間正在進行的動作,主要用于賓語從句中,尤其多用于間接引語中。2.基本結構:should/would + be + 現在分詞

3.例句:They said they would be coming.他們說了他們將要來。

He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.他說他不能來因為要開會?,F在完成時

1.概念:過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果,或從過去已經開始,持續到現在的動作或狀態。2.時間狀語:yet, already ,just, never, ever, so far, by now, since + 時間點,for + 時間段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本結構:主語 + have/has + p.p(過去分詞)+ 其它

4.否定形式:主語 + have/has + not + p.p(過去分詞)+ 其它 5.一般疑問句:have或has放句首。

6.例句:I've written an article.我已經寫了一篇論文。

The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.在過去的幾年,農村發生了巨大的變化。過去完成時

1.概念:以過去某個時間為標準,在此以前發生的動作或行為,或在過去某動作之前完成的行為,即“過去的過去”。

2.時間狀語:Before, by the end of last year(term, month?),etc.3.基本結構:主語 + had + p.p(過去分詞)+ 其它

4.否定形式:主語 + had + not +p.p(過去分詞)+ 其它 5.一般疑問句:had放于句首。

6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.當我們到車站的時候,火車已經開走了。

By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.到上個月底,我們已經復習了四本書?;窘Y構:主語 + had + p.p(過去分詞)+ 其它 ①肯定句:主語 + had + p.p(過去分詞)+ 其它

②否定句:主語 + had + not + p.p(過去分詞)+ 其它 ③一般疑問句:Had +主語 + p.p(過去分詞)+其它 ④特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞 + 一般疑問句 將來完成時

1.概念:在將來某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態。

2.時間狀語:by the time of;by the end of + 時間短語(將來);by the time + 從句(將來)3.基本結構:主語 + be going to/will/shall + have + p.p(過去分詞)+ 其它 4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回來的時候,就將發生巨大的變化。過去將來完成時

1.概念:表示在過去某一時間對將來某一時刻以前所會發生的動作,常用在虛擬語氣中,表示與過去的事實相反。

2.基本結構:should/would have done sth.3.例句:I thought you'd have left by this time.我想這會兒你已經走了。

He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告訴他們他會在8點以前干完?,F在完成進行時

1.概念:表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續到現在的動作。這一動作可能剛剛開始,也可能仍在繼續,并可能延續到將來。

2.基本結構:主語 + have/has + been + doing + 其它 3.時間狀語:since + 時間點,for + 時間段等。

4.例子:I have been sitting here for an hour.我已經在這里坐了一個小時。

The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.從6點起,孩子們一直看電視。過去完成進行時

1.概念:表示某個正在進行的動作或狀態,持續到過去某個時刻,還未完成,一直持續到之后的當前才結束。

2.基本結構:主語 + had + been + doing + 其它

3.例子:She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考試之前一直患重感冒。

Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他們期待這個消息有一段時間了吧? 4.特殊含義:①尚未完成:He had been writing the novel.他已經在寫小說了。(他沒寫完)②企圖:He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾經學習過這個諺語。(他曾努力學習過它)③未得結果:We had been studying what our enemy had said.我們一直致力于敵人所說的。(但是我們沒有理解)

④最近情況:He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一場架。(最近)⑤反復動作:He had been asking me the same question.他一直問我相同的問題。(屢次)⑥情緒:What had he been doing?他做了什么 將來完成進行時

1.概念:表示動作從某一時間開始一直延續到將來某一時間。是否繼續下去,要視上下文而定。

2.基本結構:shall/will have been doing 3.例子:I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底,我將在這個工廠工作20年了。

If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there.咱們如不快一點兒,等我們到了那兒,店門就會關了。過去將來完成進行時

1.概念:表示從過去某時看至未來某時以前會一直在進行的動作。2.基本結構:should/would + have + been +現在分詞

3.例子:He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告訴我,到年底時,他就在那住了30年了。

第五篇:英語動詞時態講解教案

英語動詞時態講解(共5課時)

一:總述:動詞的構成(5種)與時態(8種)二:分述:

動詞的構成 1.be 動詞

1)be動詞的幾種形式: am is are

was were

being

Been 2)與名詞、數詞、形容詞、介詞連用 1)I am a doctor.2)He is ten.3)They are tired.4)The cat is under the table.3)There be 句型

用于不可數名詞和可數名詞單數之前

There is a pen on the desk.There is some water in the glass.用于復數名詞之前 There are some sheep in the hill.用于一般將來時 There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday.用于一般過去時 There was a book on the desk yesterday.注意:請根據時態和句中的名詞選擇適當形式。4)Be 動詞在時態中的運用

在現在進行時中 We are talking.在過去進行時中 We were talking at this time yesterday 2.助動詞

1)幾種形式

1.do /don’t 2.Does/ doesn’t 3.Did/ didn’t 4.will /won’t

5.have haven’t /has hasn’t/had hadn’t 2)對句子進行否定和疑問

1)Do you get up early every day? 2)I didn’t have lunch yesterday.3)Will you be back soon? 4)He hasn’t finished the work yet.在反意疑問句中

5)He works in a school, doesn’t he? 6)She has never been there,has she? 在倒裝句中

7)They helped the farmers , so did we.8)I won’t visit the famous singer,neither will he.3.情態動詞共同特點: 情態動詞后面跟動詞原型,無論否定、疑問、倒裝句、或反意疑問句都用情態動詞 1 只有時態變化,沒有人稱變化。解釋: can / could 在表示請求允許的時候兩者和互換,could比can語氣更委婉。

Can I help you?

Could you open the window? 在表示有能力作某事時,could是can的過去式。I can swim.I could swim at the age of five.Must /have to

Must 表示主觀意愿,否定句用Mustn’t,否定回答用needn’t

I must go now.You mustn’t play in the street.Must I clean the room now?

No,you needn’t.have to表示客觀條件的限制的“不得不”,它有時態和人稱變化,需要助動詞來否定和疑問。I don’t have to carry the big box.He had to wash his clothes.May

表示請求別人允許。May I use your bike? 表示可能性。

He may be a teacher.He may live in this building.4.系動詞

我們所學過的系動詞是

1.Get,turn,be come,be動詞

2.感觀動詞look,sound,smell,taste,feel 系動詞只和形容詞連用,構成系表結構

3.I feel hungry.4.The day gets longer and longer.5.He looked happy.5.實義動詞

實義動詞指的是有具體行為意思的動詞。

實義動詞在句中可以做謂語動詞和非謂語動詞。做謂語動詞的用法:

動詞會有四種形式:單三,現在分詞,過去式,過去分詞 注意:掌握四種形式的變化規律 1)He works in the office.2)We are dancing together.3)I caught a cold last week.4)She has watered the flower.做非謂語動詞的用法(指出現在謂語動詞之后的動詞,它受前面謂語動詞的限制)動詞會有三種形式:

1)原型(do)2)動名詞(doing)3)不定式(to do)1)用原型:let sb.do

make sb.do

help sb.(to)do

had better do 2)用動名詞:like doing

enjoy doing

finish doing 介詞之后用動名詞 be good at doing

what about doing

thank you for doing

3)用不定式:want to do

decide to do

plan to do

would like to do learn to do

tell sb.(not)to do

ask sb.(not)to do ? 注意下列詞不同形式的不同用法:

remember doing/to do

forget doing/to do

stop doing/to do

go on doing/to do

動詞的時態 一.一般現在時

表示一般情況和經常發生的動作。時間狀語為

1.every day 或 every 引導的時間狀語

2.often,always,usually 3.動詞碰到第三人稱單數時,要加 “s” work-> works 輔音字母和“y”結尾的詞,如carry-> carries 以s、x、ch、sh結尾的加“es”,如wash-> washes go-> goes

do-> does

have-> has 4.例句:

He goes to school on foot every day.We often have supper at home.She doesn’t do her work every Sunday.二.一般將來時

1.表示將來發生的動作。2.時間狀語:

5.next 引導的詞組

6.tomorrow 引導的詞組 7.the day after tomorrow 3.動詞變化:will + 動詞原型 4.例句

I will visit you tomorrow.He won’t come back next week.三.一般過去時

1.指過去發生的動作或事情 2.時間狀語:

動詞變化:動詞變成過去式,動詞加“ed”

Play-> played 輔音字母和“y”結尾的詞,如carry-> carried 重讀閉音節的單詞,雙寫最后一個字母,再加ed

stop-> stopped 不規則動詞見書后動詞表 4.例句

1)He bought a book yesterday.2)I watched a match last week.3)He left here two days ago.四.現在進行時:

1.表示正在發生的動作。

2.時間狀語:now /Look… /Listen… 3.由be動詞+動詞ing構成

4.動詞變化加ing

clean-> cleaning 3.1)2)3)4)yesterday 引導的詞組 ago 引導的詞組 last 引導的詞組

the day before yesterday 3 以不發音“e”結尾的,去掉字母“e”,再加ing

make-> making 重讀閉音節的單詞,雙寫最后一個字母,再加ing

swim-> swimming 5.例句

1)The boys are playing now.2)Look!They are planting trees.3)Listen!He is singing.五.現在完成時

1.動詞變化 動詞變成過去分詞加ed

Play-> played 輔音字母和“y”結尾的詞,如carry-> carried 重讀閉音節的單詞,雙寫最后一個字母,再加ed

stop-> stopped 不規則動詞見書后動詞表

2.動詞由have(has)+ 過去分詞 構成

表示動作已經完成 He has left.I have already had a rest.表示動作不僅已經完成,還要持續(在這個用法當中,動詞要用延續性動詞,與for引導的一段時間和since引導的短語連用)He has been away for two days.I have already taught in this school since 1990.The bird has been dead for a month.We have made lots of friends since we came here.六.過去進行時

1.指在過去的某一個時間正在發生的動作。2.時間狀語

1)at this time yesterday 2)at five o’clock yesterday afternoon 3.動詞由be動詞+動詞ing形式構成

4.例句:He was watching TV at this time yesterday.七.過去將來時

1.指對過去的某一個時間來講,將要發生的動作。2.動詞由would+動詞原型構成。3.例句:

He would go to the park the next day.He said he would work hard next term.八.過去完成時

1.指對過去的某一個時間來講,已經發生的動作。2.動詞由had+過去分詞構成。3.例句:

she had borrowed a book before she went to the park.We had learned many new words by the end of last term.教后反思:

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