第一篇：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)典型例題

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)典型例題

一．知識(shí)點(diǎn)鞏固

1.It is a fine day.The sun __________(shine)brightly.2.They ___________(visit)the Science Museum next Sunday.3.Mr Brown __________(live)in Beijing since he came to China.4.Mr Wang ___________(teach)us English two years ago.5.The Smiths _______________(watch)TV at this time last night.6.Bill isn’t here.He ___________(chat)with his friends in the classroom.7.The teacher said that the moon __________(go)round the earth.8.The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it ____________(not rain)this Sunday.9.Listen!They ____________(talk)about the new film.10 The host ____________(interview)the little boy just now.11.The Greens __________(watch)TV now.12.My sister is a student and she _____________(study)at a middle school nearby 13.My brother_____________(join)the League in 1997.14.The farmers __________(pick)apples when I saw them.15.The red skirt __________(cost)the girl forty yuan.二．常見考題與易錯(cuò)題

1.Tell Lily to call me as soon as she ____.A.will arrive

B.gets there

C.has gone

D.reach here 2.----Do you know when Dr White ____ for dinner this evening?----No, but I think he ____ when he is free.A.will come;comes

B.will come;will come

C.comes;comes

D.comes;will come 3.----Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.----Of course.But if it ____, we'll visit the museum instead.A.you have;will rain

B.you will have;will rain

C.you will have;rains

D.will you have;rains 4.Mr.White ____ the newspaper while his daughter ____TV.A.has read;was watching

B.was reading;watched

C.was reading;was watching

D.reading;watched 5.____ you ever____ Tom before?

No, I ___ him just two minutes ago.A.Did, know;met

B.Have, know;have met C.Have, know;met

D.Did, know;had met 6.Mr Smith ____ short stories, but he ____ a TV Play these days.A.is writing;is writing

B.is writing;writes

C.writes;is writing

D.writes;writes 7.How did the accident happen?

You know, it ____ difficult to see the road clearly because it ___.A.was;was raining

B.was;had rained

C.is;is raining

D.was;rained 8.How long ___ you ___ England, Sue?

Since two years ago.A.have;been to

B.have;gone to C.have;been in

D.have;moved to 9.It___ ten years since they ____ to France A.was;moved

B.was;have moved

C.has;have moved

D.has been;moved 10.He ____ wait until the rain ____.A.won't;will stop

B.won't;stop

C.will;stops

D.will;will stop 11.My sister ___ to see me.She’ll be here soon.A.comes

B.is coming

C.has come

D.come 12.____ you____ the text?

Yes, we____ it two hours ago.A.Did, copy;did

B.Have, copied;have copied C.Have, copied;did

D.Did, copy;had 13.I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.Oh, I am sorry.I ____ dinner at my friend's home.A.have

B.had

C.was having

D.have had 14.-Excuse me, look at the sign over there, please.Could you stop smoking?

----Sorry, I ____ that.A.didn’t see

B.don’t see

C.won’t see

D.can’t see 15.So you went to see the film with Tom.----Yes, but Bob ____ with us.A.won't go

B.isn't going

C.doesn't go

D.didn't go

第二篇：英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法—?jiǎng)釉~時(shí)態(tài)（推薦）

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)

英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中的時(shí)態(tài)（tense）是一種動(dòng)詞形式，不同的時(shí)態(tài)用以表示不同的時(shí)間與方式。動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是表示行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式。因此，當(dāng)我們說(shuō)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，指的是相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)下的動(dòng)詞形式。

所謂“時(shí)”就是行為發(fā)生的時(shí)段或狀態(tài)存在的時(shí)段，即：“現(xiàn)在、進(jìn)行、過(guò)去、將來(lái)”四種；所謂“態(tài)”就是行為或狀態(tài)發(fā)生時(shí)所呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，有一般狀態(tài)、進(jìn)行狀態(tài)、完成狀態(tài)和完成進(jìn)行狀態(tài)四種。由時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)合，便形成下列十六種時(shí)態(tài)： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)； 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，將來(lái)完成時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)；

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)． 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1.概念：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況、有規(guī)律出現(xiàn)的情況、總是發(fā)生的事和事實(shí)真理。2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month?），once a week(day, year, month?），on Sundays（on Mondays ?）.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + do/does +其他；（如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式）。

4.否定形式：主語(yǔ) + am/is/are + not + 其他（此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞）。5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。6.例句：（1）It seldom snows here.這里很少下雪。

（2）He is always ready to help others.他總是樂(lè)于幫助別人。（3）Action speaks louder than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。一般過(guò)去時(shí)

1.概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month?），in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式或be的過(guò)去式+名詞。

4.否定形式：主語(yǔ) + was/were + not + 其他(在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞)。5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。6.例句：（1）She often came to help us in those days.那些天她經(jīng)常來(lái)幫助我們。（2）I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是這么忙。一般將來(lái)時(shí)

1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

2.標(biāo)志：Tomorrow, soon, in a few minutes,，the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）主語(yǔ) + am/is/are + going to + do sth（2）主語(yǔ) + will/shall + do + do sth 4.否定句：在系動(dòng)詞is/am/are或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will/shall后加not 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。{首字母大寫} 6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他們將有一場(chǎng)比賽和我們一起研究。

It is going to rain.天要下雨了。一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

1.概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：The next day(morning , year?），the following month(week?），etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + was/were + going to + do + 其它；主語(yǔ) + would/should + do +其它 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ) + was/were + not + going to + do;主語(yǔ) + would/should + not + do.5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。6.例句：（1）He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他說(shuō)他第二天要去北京。（2）I asked who was going there.我問(wèn)，誰(shuí)要去那里。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Now, at this time, days, etc.look, listen 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+ be + doing + 其它

4.否定形式：主語(yǔ) + be + not +doing + 其它 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。

6.例句：How are you feeling today? 你今天感覺如何？ He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+was/were +doing +其它

4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was/were + not +doing+其它 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放于句首。（第一個(gè)字母大寫）

6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段時(shí)間她在人民解放軍部隊(duì)工作。When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我正在讀報(bào)紙。將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或表示要在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間開始，并繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常用來(lái)表示詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求等。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，in two days, tomorrow evening 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + shall/will + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞 + 其它

4.否定形式：主語(yǔ) + shall/will + not + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞 + 其它

5.例句：This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的這個(gè)時(shí)間，他們正坐在電影院。

He won’t be coming to the party.他不去參加聚會(huì)了。過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) 1.概念：表示就過(guò)去某一時(shí)間而言，將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，主要用于賓語(yǔ)從句中，尤其多用于間接引語(yǔ)中。2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：should/would + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞

3.例句：They said they would be coming.他們說(shuō)了他們將要來(lái)。

He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.他說(shuō)他不能來(lái)因?yàn)橐_會(huì)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1.概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yet, already ,just, never, ever, so far, by now, since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for + 時(shí)間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + have/has + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+ 其它

4.否定形式：主語(yǔ) + have/has + not + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+ 其它 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：have或has放句首。

6.例句：I've written an article.我已經(jīng)寫了一篇論文。

The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.在過(guò)去的幾年，農(nóng)村發(fā)生了巨大的變化。過(guò)去完成時(shí)

1.概念：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Before, by the end of last year(term, month?），etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + had + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+ 其它

4.否定形式：主語(yǔ) + had + not +p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+ 其它 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：had放于句首。

6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.當(dāng)我們到車站的時(shí)候，火車已經(jīng)開走了。

By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.到上個(gè)月底，我們已經(jīng)復(fù)習(xí)了四本書。基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + had + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+ 其它 ①肯定句：主語(yǔ) + had + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+ 其它

②否定句：主語(yǔ) + had + not + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+ 其它 ③一般疑問(wèn)句：Had +主語(yǔ) + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+其它 ④特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 + 一般疑問(wèn)句 將來(lái)完成時(shí)

1.概念：在將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：by the time of;by the end of + 時(shí)間短語(yǔ)（將來(lái)）；by the time + 從句（將來(lái)）3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + be going to/will/shall + have + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+ 其它 4例句：By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回來(lái)的時(shí)候，就將發(fā)生巨大的變化。過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)

1.概念：表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間對(duì)將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻以前所會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反。

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：should/would have done sth.3.例句：I thought you'd have left by this time.我想這會(huì)兒你已經(jīng)走了。

He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告訴他們他會(huì)在8點(diǎn)以前干完。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。這一動(dòng)作可能剛剛開始，也可能仍在繼續(xù)，并可能延續(xù)到將來(lái)。

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + have/has + been + doing + 其它 3.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for + 時(shí)間段等。

4.例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.我已經(jīng)在這里坐了一個(gè)小時(shí)。

The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.從6點(diǎn)起，孩子們一直看電視。過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示某個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，持續(xù)到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻，還未完成，一直持續(xù)到之后的當(dāng)前才結(jié)束。

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + had + been + doing + 其它

3.例子：She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考試之前一直患重感冒。

Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他們期待這個(gè)消息有一段時(shí)間了吧？ 4.特殊含義：①尚未完成：He had been writing the novel.他已經(jīng)在寫小說(shuō)了。（他沒(méi)寫完）②企圖：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)這個(gè)諺語(yǔ)。（他曾努力學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)它）③未得結(jié)果：We had been studying what our enemy had said.我們一直致力于敵人所說(shuō)的。（但是我們沒(méi)有理解）

④最近情況：He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一場(chǎng)架。（最近）⑤反復(fù)動(dòng)作：He had been asking me the same question.他一直問(wèn)我相同的問(wèn)題。（屢次）⑥情緒：What had he been doing？他做了什么 將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示動(dòng)作從某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間。是否繼續(xù)下去，要視上下文而定。

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：shall/will have been doing 3.例子：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底，我將在這個(gè)工廠工作20年了。

If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there.咱們?nèi)绮豢煲稽c(diǎn)兒，等我們到了那兒，店門就會(huì)關(guān)了。過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)看至未來(lái)某時(shí)以前會(huì)一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：should/would + have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞

3.例子：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告訴我，到年底時(shí)，他就在那住了30年了。

第三篇：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)教案專題

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)教案

徐紅平2012-9動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

目標(biāo)：1.掌握英語(yǔ)的八種基本時(shí)態(tài)和幾種常考時(shí)態(tài)

2.了解并熟練掌握高考的幾種熱點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)

3.區(qū)分并正確運(yùn)用幾種易混時(shí)態(tài)

一、英語(yǔ)的常見時(shí)態(tài)：

一般

進(jìn)行

完成完成進(jìn)行

現(xiàn)在

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

過(guò)去

一般過(guò)去時(shí)

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

過(guò)去完成時(shí)

過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

將來(lái)

一般將來(lái)時(shí)

將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

將來(lái)完成時(shí) /

過(guò)去將來(lái)

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

/ / /

練兵場(chǎng)——穩(wěn)操勝券

1.Look at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026 ______ off at 18∶20.A.takes

B.took

C.will be taken

D.has taken 答案 A 解析: 飛機(jī)、火車等按時(shí)刻表運(yùn)行，表達(dá)時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。

2.The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous.She_before.A.hasn’t flown

B.didn’t fly

C.hadn’t flown

D.wasn’t flying

答案 C 解析: hadn’t flown動(dòng)作發(fā)生在was nervous之前。

3.My cousin went to Canada two years ago.He ______ there for a few months and then went to America.A.worked

B.would work

C.would be working

D.has been working 答案 A 解析: 考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法。句中并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的順承的動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該一致。

4.--Your job ______ open for your return.--Thanks.A.will be kept

B.will keep

C.had kept

D.had been kept 答案 A 解析: keep the job/the position open使工作、職位等處于空缺狀態(tài)，由句意“隨時(shí)歡迎你回來(lái)工作”可知用將來(lái)時(shí)。

5.--______ you ______ him around the museum yet?--Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have;shown

B.Do;show C.Had;shown

D.Did;show 答案 A 解析: 此處表示說(shuō)話者詢問(wèn)對(duì)方“有沒(méi)有帶領(lǐng)他參觀博物館”的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。6.--I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.--Impossible.She ______ TV with me in my home then.A.watched

B.had watched

C.would watch

D.was watching 答案 D 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：“我昨晚8點(diǎn)鐘在公園看見簡(jiǎn)和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她當(dāng)時(shí)正在我家和我一起看電視。”此處時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為then，指的是at eight yesterday evening，指過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。7.The flowers were so lovely that they ______ in no time.A.sold

B.had been sold

C.were sold

D.would sell 答案 C 解析: 由“were so...”可知此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；flowers應(yīng)該是“被賣光”，故用被動(dòng)形式。8.--What’s that noise?

--Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine ______.A.was tested

B.will be tested C.is being tested

D.has been tested 答案 C 解析: 根據(jù)一對(duì)一的問(wèn)答可知，“機(jī)器正在被檢測(cè)”，故選C項(xiàng)。

9.In a room above the store，where a party ______, some workers were busily setting the table.A.was to be held

B.has been held C.will be held

D.is being held 答案 A 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“some workers were busily setting the table”判斷，聚會(huì)還沒(méi)舉行，應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，且整個(gè)句子用了過(guò)去時(shí)，故用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。10.--I have got a headache.--No wonder.You ______ in front of that computer too long.A.work

B.are working

C.have been working

D.worked 答案 C 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由“I have got a headache”可知，空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作“從過(guò)去開始持續(xù)至今且還會(huì)進(jìn)行下去”，體現(xiàn)過(guò)去開始的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響及結(jié)果。

二、熱點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài): 一般過(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1.I ______ you not to move my dictionary--now I cannot find it.A.asked

B.ask

C.was asking

D.had asked 2.--The window is dirty.--I know.It ____ for weeks.A.hasn’t cleaned B.didn’t clear C.wasn’t cleaned D.hasn’t been cleaned 3.She was surprised to find the fridge empty;the child _____ everything!A.had been eating

B.had eaten

C.have eaten

D.have been eating 4.--Has Sam finished his homework today?

--I have no idea.He ______ it this morning.A.did

B.has done

C.was doing

D.had done 5.--Have you decided already?

--Yes, I______ at once.--Yes, I______ already.A.have decided

B.decided

C.will decide

D.had decided

三、易混時(shí)態(tài)辨析: 1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1).Listen to the two girls by the window.What language ____ they _______(speak)? 2).I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.A.will play

B.have played

C.played

D.play 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)指經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示此刻或近一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

1).He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it.A.wrote;has finished

B.was writing;has finished C.was writing;had finished

D.wrote;will finish

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行而尚未完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2).As she _______ the newspaper, Granny _______ asleep.A.read;was falling

B.was reading;fell

C.was reading;was falling

D.read;fell

長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行時(shí),被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷,長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行體,短動(dòng)作用一般體。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，具有持續(xù)和未完成的含義。3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1).I _______(live)there for six years when I was a kid.2).He ________ abroad for ten years and now he is used to the life in Beijing.A.has lived

B.had lived

C.lived

D.was living 3).When I was at college I _______ three foreign languages but I ________ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten

B.spoke;have forgotten

C.had spoken;had forgotten

D.had spoken;have forgotten 二者所表示動(dòng)作均發(fā)生在過(guò)去。一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅指動(dòng)作在過(guò)去發(fā)生了，對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有影響；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作雖發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但影響到現(xiàn)在仍然存在。

四、挑戰(zhàn)高考——信心滿滿

1.Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts.The plane ______.A.takes off

B.is taking off

C.has taken off

D.took off 答案 B 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞go，come，leave及詞組take off等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

2.John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week，spent $ 3，000 more than he ______ for the wedding.A.will plan

B.has planned

C.would plan

D.had planned 答案 D 解析: plan表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在spend這一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前，故應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意為：我的朋友約翰上周結(jié)婚了，婚禮花去了3 000美元，超過(guò)了原計(jì)劃。3.--Did you see a man in black pass by just now?--No, sir.I ______ a newspaper.A.read

B.was reading C.would read

D.am reading 答案 B 解析: 由just now判斷應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，又由語(yǔ)境“穿黑衣服的人路過(guò)時(shí)，我正在看報(bào)，所以沒(méi)看見他”知空處要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

4.I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ______ there several years ago.A.are going

B.had been

C.went

D.have been 答案 C 解析: 句中several years ago是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志。5.--Have you got any job offers?--No.I ______.A.waited

B.had been waiting

C.have waited

D.am waiting 答案 D 解析: 句意為：“有人給你提供工作了嗎？”“沒(méi)有，我正在等著。”用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。

6.When you are home, give a call to let me know you ______ safely.A.are arriving

B.have arrived

C.had arrived

D.will arrive 答案 B 句意: 當(dāng)你到家的時(shí)候，打電話給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了。

解答：根據(jù)選項(xiàng)此題考察時(shí)態(tài)。此題可以根據(jù)句意也可以使用排除法。句意為“當(dāng)你到家的時(shí)候，打電話給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了”B選項(xiàng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)完成，譯為“已經(jīng)??”。同時(shí)也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)也可以用will + do表示將來(lái)，因此A和D同時(shí)排除，C為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)時(shí)句中一定要有一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，因此C也排除，選擇B.7.--Tommy is planning to buy a car.--I know.By next month, he _______ enough for a used one.A.saves

B.saved

C.will save

D.will have saved 答案 D 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“——Tommy將計(jì)劃買車。——我知道，到下個(gè)月為止，他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了。”by next month是將來(lái)完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，全句表示在將來(lái)next month之前完成“積攢足夠錢”的動(dòng)作，對(duì)將來(lái)的時(shí)間next month產(chǎn)生影響，能買一輛舊車。故選D。

8.--That must have been a long trip.--Yeah, it ______ us a whole week to get there.A.takes

B.has taken

C.took

D.was taking 答案 C 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“——那一定是長(zhǎng)途旅行。——是的，我們花了整整一周時(shí)間才趕到那兒。”題干中must have done是對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)，提示時(shí)間在過(guò)去，描述過(guò)去的情況，排除A和B，D項(xiàng)was taking進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來(lái)，但事實(shí)上事情已發(fā)生，這與題意不符，因此選C。

9.When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ______ there.A.had been lying

B.has been lying

C.was lying

D.has lain 答案 A 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“當(dāng)Alice蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)，她不知道她在那兒躺了多久了。”過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示持續(xù)到過(guò)去某時(shí)之前的動(dòng)作。came to蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)是過(guò)去時(shí)，蘇醒前的情況是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去里發(fā)生的事，故選A。

10.Planning so far ahead _ no sense--so many things will have changed by next year.A.made

B.is making

C.makes

D.has made 答案 C 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“計(jì)劃這么超前毫無(wú)意義—到明年許多事情會(huì)發(fā)生變化的。”前句表示現(xiàn)在的情況make no sense，后句表示到將來(lái)會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果will have changed。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)。is making和has made表示具體的動(dòng)作過(guò)程，故不選。因此選C。

第四篇：淺談初中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)教學(xué)

淺談初中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)教學(xué)

英語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)這一語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象與我們母語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法差別較大，學(xué)起來(lái)也較乏味。如何教學(xué)這些語(yǔ)法，從而使學(xué)生更好、更有效地掌握它們，是經(jīng)常困擾教師的問(wèn)題。筆者在教學(xué)實(shí)踐中進(jìn)行了努力的嘗試和探索，并依據(jù)信息加工的學(xué)習(xí)理論，總結(jié)出較為行之有效的“三元”教學(xué)法：從“標(biāo)志”信息輸入著眼，經(jīng)過(guò)“概念”思維加工，達(dá)成“結(jié)構(gòu)”形式輸出，從而使師生擺脫枯燥的時(shí)態(tài)教學(xué)，掌握動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的規(guī)律，形成有效的語(yǔ)法教學(xué)策略。

一、從“概念、結(jié)構(gòu)、標(biāo)志”三個(gè)方面把握動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)

“概念、結(jié)構(gòu)、標(biāo)志”三個(gè)方面是學(xué)習(xí)一種時(shí)態(tài)所必須把握的，三者相互聯(lián)系，相互制約，共同表述一個(gè)完整的時(shí)態(tài)含義。“概念”清楚地說(shuō)明了一種時(shí)態(tài)的用法。對(duì)于概念的把握一定要全面、準(zhǔn)確，表述嚴(yán)密，如對(duì)于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法，不能只表述為“表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)？

下面列舉兩種時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。

（一）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1、概念：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本用法有四種。（1）表示現(xiàn)在的狀況，如Mr、Green has two children、（2）表示主語(yǔ)所具備的性格或能力，如Ann enjoys listening to the radio、Miss White speaks Chinese very well、（3）表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性或反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，如I usually rest on Sundays、Mr、Brown always gets up early、LiLei goes to see Uncle Wang once a month、（4）表示客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理，如It never snows in Australia in December、Light travels faster than sound、2、結(jié)構(gòu)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)在一般情況下用動(dòng)詞原形，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要相應(yīng)變成單數(shù)形式，其否定式、疑問(wèn)式要加助動(dòng)詞do或does。例如：Miss Gao teaches us English、Does your mother work in a factory？

3、標(biāo)志：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與下列表示頻率的副詞或短語(yǔ)連用：always，usually，often，sometimes，seldom，never，twice a week，on Sundays等。

（二）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1、概念：基本用法有兩種。（1）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。（2）表示從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。

2、結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞have（has）+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。

3、標(biāo)志：用法（1）常與下列詞語(yǔ)連用：already，yet，just，ever，never，before，recently等；用法（2）常與“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”或“for+時(shí)間段”所構(gòu)成的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，也可與包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如this morning，these days等。

其他幾種時(shí)態(tài)不再一一列舉。在平時(shí)的教學(xué)中，只要我們從上述三個(gè)方面去把握動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，學(xué)生就會(huì)逐漸發(fā)現(xiàn)其規(guī)律，做到有章可循，主動(dòng)地學(xué)習(xí)，從而變以教師為主體的講語(yǔ)法為以學(xué)生為主體的學(xué)語(yǔ)法，收到事半功倍的效果。

二、要善于進(jìn)行各種時(shí)態(tài)的用法比較

學(xué)習(xí)了幾種時(shí)態(tài)以后，就容易出現(xiàn)混淆、錯(cuò)用的情況，這就要求我們要不斷地將一些時(shí)態(tài)加以比較，以便能夠更好地把握其本質(zhì)。其實(shí)，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的比較也是以“概念、結(jié)構(gòu)、標(biāo)志”三元為依據(jù)比較的。試看下面幾種時(shí)態(tài)的比較。

（一）一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法比較

1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)只單純表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，它可以和確定的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)既涉及過(guò)去又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和確定的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。試比較：I have posted the letter（說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在信不在這里）。I posted the letter yesterday（只說(shuō)明昨天寄信這一事實(shí)）。

2、有些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（標(biāo)志），如this morning，tonight等，既可用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，也可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但所表示的意義有所不同。用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的表示“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)，而用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)則與“現(xiàn)在”無(wú)關(guān)。例如：I have read the book this May（講話時(shí)仍是五月）。I read the book this May（講話時(shí)五月已過(guò)）。

（二）一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法比較

1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；而過(guò)去完成時(shí)則表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其標(biāo)志是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去另一動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，常用此時(shí)態(tài)。例如：The film had already begun when I reached the theatre、2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)都可以和確定的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所不同。試比較：They had done the work at five o’clock、They did the work at five o’clock、第一句說(shuō)明工作在五點(diǎn)鐘已完成，并未說(shuō)明是什么時(shí)候完成的；第二句說(shuō)明工作是在五點(diǎn)鐘做的。

3、在帶有before或after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，由于主、從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序已非常明確，所以可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)，如The train had left before I got to the station、也可以說(shuō)：The train left before I got to the station、其他時(shí)態(tài)的比較，如一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法比較不再列舉。時(shí)態(tài)的混合使用是以掌握好每一種時(shí)態(tài)的用法以及各時(shí)態(tài)的比較用法為基礎(chǔ)的，在中學(xué)階段使用較少，在此不做詳談。

三、注意時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間不一致的特殊情況

如前所述，判斷時(shí)態(tài)要從“標(biāo)志”（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）著眼，這是一般規(guī)律。但有些情況下，時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間（標(biāo)志）并不一致，在教學(xué)中應(yīng)引起足夠的重視，做到靈活使用，可視之為“特殊標(biāo)志”。

1、一些表示來(lái)往動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)向動(dòng)詞）常用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)，常見的這類動(dòng)詞有arrive，come，go，leave，set off，start等、例如：The Browns are leaving for Paris next month、2、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有時(shí)可以表示預(yù)定的近期將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如：Are you free tomorrow？ The train starts at 7：50 in the evening、Here comes the bus！There goes the bell！

3、一般過(guò)去時(shí)可以表示目前非真實(shí)的情況或不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望（即虛擬語(yǔ)氣）。例如：I wish I could fly to the moon by spaceship、It’s high time you went home、If I were you，I would go with him、4、在含有狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句是將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或是祈使句時(shí)，狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：I will go to town if it doesn’t rain tomorrow、He said he would come to see us if he had time、Please tell him about it as soon as he comes back、Are you going to play with us when you have finished your homework？

5、在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)有如下不一致情況。

（1）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示科學(xué)真理、客觀事實(shí)、格言或其他不受時(shí)間影響、限制的客觀存在的事物時(shí)，如：Long ago people didn’t know that the earth moves round the sun、She told hers on that practice makes perfect、（2）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)解釋、表達(dá)科技內(nèi)容時(shí)，如：The teacher told us that the attraction of the earth for all bodies is called gravity、（3）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或目前習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作時(shí)，如：He said he does morning exercises everyday、（4）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作在轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)仍在繼續(xù)，或表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻仍存在的狀態(tài)時(shí)，如：LiLei said his father is attending a meeting in Shanghai、She told me the other day that she is only seventeen、6、其他從句，如比較狀語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句等不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響，應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際需要，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)。例如：It was colder yesterday than it is today、Last night I read the book which you are reading now、對(duì)于這些特殊情況，在平時(shí)的教學(xué)中，應(yīng)特別注意。其實(shí)，我們也可以把上述情況視為一種特殊的“標(biāo)志”，進(jìn)而判斷相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)形式。

綜上所述，對(duì)于一種時(shí)態(tài)，我們可以從“概念、結(jié)構(gòu)、標(biāo)志”三個(gè)方面去把握，隨著所學(xué)時(shí)態(tài)的增多，要善于將一些時(shí)態(tài)加以比較，總結(jié)出差異，同時(shí)還要注意特殊情況。這些，整個(gè)中學(xué)階段英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)教學(xué)就系統(tǒng)化、規(guī)律化了。學(xué)好這些基本的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，可為學(xué)生將來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)更為復(fù)雜的時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣乃至進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)中、高級(jí)英語(yǔ)，打下扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

第五篇：典型例題

【典型例題】She had a great ___ for the town where she grew up.A.affection

B.affectation

C.infection

D.affectionate 【試題詳解】答案 A 她熱愛她長(zhǎng)大的那座小鎮(zhèn) have an affection for 對(duì)??有感情

affectation n.矯揉造作 infection n.傳染，感染 affectionate adj.深情的

【常用短語(yǔ)】have an affection for sbsth 【詞匯補(bǔ)充】affect v.喜愛 affectionate adj.深愛的

【典型例題】How to talk to Martin is rather an____ question.A.advanced

B.absolute

C.accurate

D.academic 【試題詳解】答案 D 如何讓與火星人交談是一個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)性很強(qiáng)的問(wèn)題。academic question 學(xué)術(shù)問(wèn)題;advanced 高級(jí)的accurate 準(zhǔn)確的 absolute 絕對(duì)的

【詞匯補(bǔ)充】academicals 博士服，碩士服 academic year 學(xué)年 academician 院士 academy 私立中學(xué) academicism 墨守成規(guī)

【典型例題】When you __ big , believe big , and pray big , big things happen!A.affirm

B.know C.agree

D.ensure 【試題詳解】答案是A。句意：當(dāng)你確認(rèn)偉大，相信你偉大，起到偉大，偉大的事情就會(huì)發(fā)生！

affirm肯定，斷言；know知道；agree同意；ensure保證，確保。

【典型考題】

The _____ of the past week had left her exhausted.A anxieties

B concerns

C expectations

D anticipation 解析：由同意詞辨析可知此題答案選 A 意為過(guò)去一個(gè)星期的擔(dān)憂使她筋疲力盡。

【典型考題】: Now,let us come to item No.5 on the __.A.plan

B.program

C.agenda

D.project 解析：答案是C。句意：現(xiàn)在讓我們討論議事日程上的第五項(xiàng)。

agenda待議諸事一覽表；program（行動(dòng)）計(jì)劃；project工程，項(xiàng)目；plan計(jì)劃。

【典型考題】

Age affects the range of a person’s ______ A capacities B capabilities

C capacious D capable 解析：答案選B 此題考查易錯(cuò)詞辨析。句意為年齡影響一個(gè)人能力的大小。Capacity 表示

容量容積明顯不符合題意。后兩個(gè)答案分別為他們的形容詞形式。【典型考題】

He’s had no end of bad luck but he just seems to ______ every time.A.bounce back

B.recover

C.reverse

D.come to 解析：答案選A 句意：他總是遇到不如意的事，但是好像每次都能恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。bounce back 指失意后恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。【典型考題】

Everyone is encouraged to ____ food and clothing for the refugees.A attribute

B contribute

C stimulate

D distribute 解析：答案為B ,此題考查對(duì)形近詞的區(qū)分。句意：鼓勵(lì)每個(gè)人為難民捐助食品和衣物。contribute 表示“捐贈(zèng)，出錢（力）”，因?yàn)楸绢}是鼓勵(lì)每個(gè)人，所以不可能是“分發(fā)”食品和衣物，只會(huì)是“捐贈(zèng)”

【Derivative】

contributor n.捐助者，投稿者 ； contribution n.貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn)物

contributive adj.有助的，促成的 ；contributory adj.促成的，捐助性的。【典型考題】

Everyone is encouraged to ____ food and clothing for the refugees.A attribute

B contribute

C stimulate

D distribute 解析：答案為B ,此題考查對(duì)形近詞的區(qū)分。句意：鼓勵(lì)每個(gè)人為難民捐助食品和衣物。contribute 表示“捐贈(zèng)，出錢（力）”，因?yàn)楸绢}是鼓勵(lì)每個(gè)人，所以不可能是“分發(fā)”食品和衣物，只會(huì)是“捐贈(zèng)”

Counsel/???????/ noun, verb ? Noun 1.(formal)advice, especially given by older people or experts;a peiece of advice(尤指老年人或?qū)＜业?勸告，忠告，建議：Listen to the counsel of your elders.2 a lawyer or group of lawyers representing sb in a court of law 律師：the counsel for the defence/prosecution.? Verb 1 to listen to and give support or professional advice to sb who needs help.為某人提供幫助：Therapists were brought in to counsel the bereaved.2 to advise sb to do sth 建議，勸告（做某事）Most experts counsel caution in such cases.【Common phrases】

a counsel of despair 知難而退的建議

； a counsel of perfection 聽上去完美卻難以實(shí)行的建議

； keep your own counsel 保留自己的意見。【Derivative】

counseling noun 咨詢，輔導(dǎo)

； counselor noun 顧問(wèn)，輔導(dǎo)顧問(wèn) 【易錯(cuò)詞】

Council;noun a group of people who are elected to govern an area such as a city or county.【典型考題】

The court then heard_____ for the dead woman’s father.A council

B councilor

C counsel

D counselor 解析：答案選C，句意為：法庭接著聽取了已死女人的父親所請(qǐng)律師的陳述。A項(xiàng)意為委員會(huì) 此題考查形近詞。[典型考題]

That is Taoist pragmatistic ___and positivist___.a.crisp b.crisis c.crises d.criminate [試題分析] 答案為b.[詳細(xì)解答] 這主要表現(xiàn)為道教的“實(shí)用主義危機(jī)”和“實(shí)證主義危機(jī).a.crisp是鈔票；c.crises是危險(xiǎn);d.criminate是指控，譴責(zé)的意思，均與原文不符。[典型考題]

I want an appointment for a___time and place.a.definitive b.definitely c.definite d.distinct [試題分析] 答案為c [詳細(xì)解答] 句意：我要有確切的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的約會(huì)。表示“明確的，不可能引起誤解的”；顯然約會(huì)的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)是不能含糊的，應(yīng)該明確無(wú)誤的。[典型考題] Believe in each child is own----potentiality.a.developmental b.experimental c.formative d.development [試題分析] 答案為a.[詳細(xì)解答] 句意為 相信每一個(gè)兒童都有發(fā)展的潛能。b.experimental多用于表達(dá)實(shí)驗(yàn)(性)的, 試驗(yàn)(性)的；而c.formative是(影響)形成〔構(gòu)成, 發(fā)展〕的，但developmental更貼近句意；d.development為名詞，詞性不符。

[典型考題]。

He could not give a ____explanation of his intention.A.distinct B.Obvious C.clear D.plain [試題分析] 答案為 A.[試題分析] 本題考查近義詞的辨析問(wèn)題。他不能清楚明白地解釋他的意圖。Distinct指人表達(dá)思想，概念清楚明白；指容易感受到或看到。本題的賓語(yǔ)是“解釋他的意圖”。Obvious指事物一目了然，含無(wú)可置疑之意。Clear范圍較廣，指事物清楚明白；plain注重作品等顯而易見的，淺顯易懂的。

[典型考題]：

I was most ____to hear the sad news for your father death.a.distressed b.distressing c.distressful d.distress [試題分析] 分析：答案為a.[試題詳解] distressed我聽到你父親去世的消息，十分難過(guò)。Distressed使某人感動(dòng)痛苦，難過(guò)。多用于修飾人。而b.distressing以形容事情令人痛苦為主；c.distressful與b.distressing 的用法相

同，多用于修飾事件；d.distress是動(dòng)詞，此處應(yīng)為形容詞，詞性不符。

[典型考題] In most universities, males and females live in the same____.a.room b.flat c.chamber d.dorm [試題分析]

分析：答案為d.[試題詳解] 在大部分高校，男生和女生住在相同的宿舍里。room指房間，顯然與原句不合邏輯；flat強(qiáng)調(diào)一套房間，公寓套房；c.chamber是指會(huì)議廳，會(huì)所。所以只有d.dorm最符合原文。而且學(xué)生公寓一般均用dorm表示。?典型考題?That old professor is a walking____.A.book

B.encyclopedia C.novel

D.fiction ?試題分析?本題為詞義辨析題。考查名詞的辨義。

?詳細(xì)解答?典型考題答案B。句意：那位老教授是一個(gè)活百科。book n.書本，書籍；encyclopedia n.百科全書；novel n.長(zhǎng)篇故事，小說(shuō)；fiction n.虛構(gòu)的文學(xué)作品，小說(shuō)。典型考題? His____ are limited, and scarcely fit him for his post.A.endorsement

B.engagement C.endowment

D.enlargement ?試題分析?本題是形近詞辨析題。?詳細(xì)解答?典型考題答案C。句意：他的天資很有限，不太適合擔(dān)任這項(xiàng)職務(wù)。endorsement n.1.(公開的)贊同，支持，認(rèn)可,2.(通常為名人在廣告中為某一產(chǎn)品的)宣傳，吹噓；engagement n.預(yù)約，約會(huì)，訂婚：enlargement n.擴(kuò)大物（尤指照片），擴(kuò)大，增大;endowment n.天資，天賦。?典型考題? Is it____ to promote cigarettes through advertising? A.ethereal

B.ethnic C.ether

D.ethical ?試題分析?本題是形近詞辨析題。

?詳細(xì)解答?典型考題答案D。句意：通過(guò)廣告推銷香煙合乎道德嗎？ethereal adj.輕飄的，靈氣的；ethnic adj.種族的，民族的；ether n.乙醚，太空；ethical adj.合乎道德的?典型考題?Students of social problems investigate the home, social and moral_____(s)of different classes of people.A.surroundings

B.conditions C.environment

C.situation ?試題分析?本題為詞義辨析題。考查名詞的辨義。?詳細(xì)解答?典型考題答案C。句意：研究社會(huì)問(wèn)題的學(xué)者調(diào)查各階層人民的家庭，社會(huì)和精神方面的生活環(huán)境。surrounding 多指 地理環(huán)境；condition 意為“情況，條件”；situation 指“情況，狀況”；environment指“環(huán)境”。

?典型考題?The teacher____ the performance of each student.A.evacuated

B.evaluated

C.equated

D.evoked ?試題分析?本題是詞義辨析題。?詳細(xì)解答?典型考題答案B。句意：老師對(duì)每個(gè)學(xué)生的成績(jī)進(jìn)行評(píng)估。evacuate vt.撤退，疏散；equate vt.同等看待，使相等,與equal是同根；evoke vt.喚起，激起；evaluate vt.對(duì)某物進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)估。

[典型考題]They complained about the ＿＿noise coming from the upstairs flat.A、overladen B、immoderate C、inordinate D、excessive ［試題分析］近義詞辨析 答案為D ［詳細(xì)解答］句意為他們抱怨樓上發(fā)出的噪音太大。A意為裝貨過(guò)多的;(房間)裝飾[擺設(shè)]過(guò)多的;(工作)負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)多的。B意為無(wú)節(jié)制的,極端的C意為紊亂的;放肆的，無(wú)限制的, 無(wú)節(jié)制的D excessive noise 表示噪音的音量很大

［詞形變換］exceed v.超過(guò) excess n.超過(guò)，超越，過(guò)量，過(guò)度 excessively adv.極端地，過(guò)分地

［典型考題］America has suffered the ＿＿crisis.A、economic

B、economical C、financial

D、monetary ［試題分析］近義詞辨析 答案為C ［詳細(xì)解答］固定搭配 financial crisis 金融危機(jī)。A意為經(jīng)濟(jì)的, 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的

合算的, 有經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的B意為節(jié)約的, 節(jié)儉的, 經(jīng)濟(jì)的 D意為貨幣的;通貨的;錢的;金融的;財(cái)政的

［詞形變換］finances n、財(cái)力、財(cái)源、基金；finance n、財(cái)政、金融；financer n、財(cái)政家、金融家；financially adv、在財(cái)政上、在經(jīng)濟(jì)上

【典型例題】It's the music to ____ the dramatic effect.A.enhance

B.heighten

C.intensify

D.aggravate 【試題詳解】答案 B

那是用于提高戲劇效果的配樂(lè)。

區(qū)別 enhanceheightenintensifyaggravate 這些動(dòng)詞均有“加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng)”之意： enhance：側(cè)重指增加價(jià)值，魅力或聲望等使人或物具有超科尋常的吸引力。

heighten：通常指使某物的某種性質(zhì)變得不同一般的顯著或突出。intensify：指深化或強(qiáng)化某事或某物，尤指其特別之處。aggravate：指加劇令人不快或困難的形勢(shì)。

【典型例題】She had no ___ about making her opinions known.A.fear

B.afraid

C.interest

D.inhibition 【試題詳解】答案 D 她敢于公開地談?wù)撟约旱南敕ā?/p>

fear “害怕” 常用搭配“fear of for sth”

afraid “恐懼的” 常用搭配 “be afraid of sth” interest “興趣”

常用搭配 “interest inon sth”

【詞形變換】inhibit v.阻止；使拘束

inhibited adj.拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?【典型考題】 He has ___his mother’s patience.A.inhabited

B.inhibited

C.inhered

D.inherited 【試題詳解】答案 D 這種耐心是母親遺傳給他的。

inhabit v.居住

inhibit v.阻止；抑制

inhere v.存在于??中；歸屬于 inherit v.繼承

【常用短語(yǔ)】 inherit(sth)from sb 【典型例題】Perfume____ with the skin’s natural chemicals.A.communicate

B.influence

C.affect

D.interact 【試題詳解】答案 D 香水和皮膚的天然化學(xué)物質(zhì)相互作用。communicate with sb “與某人溝通”

influence 僅指單方面的影響，對(duì)??起作用 affect 同上“influence”

【典型例題】There was a serious incident ___ a group of youths.A.including

B.revolving

C.involving

D.evolving 【試題詳解】答案C 有一起嚴(yán)重的事件涉及一群年輕人。include v.包含，包括 revolve v.旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)

evolve v.發(fā)展，演變

【常用短語(yǔ)】involve(sb)in sthdoing sth

beget involed in sth beget involed with sb 【詞形變換】involved adj.有關(guān)聯(lián)的；復(fù)雜的；關(guān)系密切的1)【典型考題】

The cherk of the House prepares the ___ of the House.A

journal B diary C

record 答案：A 解析：下議院的書記整理了下議院的議事錄。Journal 在這里的是議事程的意思，diary 是指日記，不僅記錄所發(fā)生之事，還強(qiáng)調(diào)包括個(gè)人情感與想法。

【典型考題】

As he reached ___ Bandit became more difficult to live with.A mature B ripe

C maturity

D matured 答案：D

解析：然而到了成年之后，邦就變得特別難相處。Reach

maturity 表示長(zhǎng)大成熟，為固定搭配，ripe通常表示作物和時(shí)機(jī)成熟。

【典型考題】He likes to show off his ___ physique.A.male

B.masculine

C.manly

D.man 答案：B

解析：句意：他喜歡顯示他強(qiáng)健的男子本色。Masculine指在心理上或身體上具有男子特征，本句中形容詞所修飾的名詞是physique(體魄)，所以，masculine 符合題意。

【典型考題】She has a deep ____of strangers, so she never lkes to talk to them.A.mistrust

B.distrust

C.trust

D.untrustworth 答案：A

解析:她對(duì)陌生人猜忌及深，她也從不喜歡跟陌生人搭訕。根據(jù)句意。C選項(xiàng)不符合題意，D為形容詞，所填選項(xiàng)必須為名詞，予以排除。distrust 和 mistrust 都有猜忌的意思，但差別很小。distrust 更為通用，語(yǔ)氣稍強(qiáng)，確信某人不誠(chéng)實(shí)或不可信常用distrust.表示并不信任則大概用mistrust.這里只是表示她對(duì)陌生人不信任所以選A.【典型考題】Have you listened to ___ this morning ? A newsagent B newspaper C newsdom D newscast 答案：D 解析：newsagent 意為報(bào)刊經(jīng)銷人，newspaper 不符合題意，newsdom 代表報(bào)界，固選D 代表新聞。

[典型考題] He ____ through themist，trying to find the right path.A.pecked B.peered C.peeped D.peeled [試題分析] 本題考查形近詞的辨析。pecked 啄；peered 仔細(xì)看；peeped 偷窺；peeled 削皮；可知正確答案為B

[典型考題] I ___his commment as a challenge.A． feeled B.observed C.perceived D.comprehend [試題分析] 本題考查近義詞辨析。perceive 的意思是interpret sth in a certain way，與as 搭配。選C 【典型考題】He was born in a ___ family.A single parent B single-parent C single-parents D single-parental 答案：B 解析：single-parent 為固定搭配意為“單親家庭的”。他出身在一個(gè)單親家庭。所填詞應(yīng)屬形容詞性質(zhì)，B符合題意。

parental 本身就是形容詞，所以D選項(xiàng)不符合題意，予以排除。

[典型考題] Mr.Smith had an unusual ___, he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.A.profession B.occupation C.position D.carrer

[試題分析] 本題考查近義詞辨析。A,B指所從事的職業(yè)，C 是指所在職位，D指職業(yè)生涯。正確答案為D。

[典型試題]

The next edition of the book is ___ for publication in March.A.projected B.propelled C.professed D.protected [試題分析] 本題考查形近詞辨析。project是計(jì)劃、規(guī)劃的意思。propel是推動(dòng)、迫使的意思。C 項(xiàng) 公開表明的。protect 保護(hù)。

[典型考題]

Few people will admit being racially ___.A.pride B.proud C.prejudiced D.pessimistic [試題分析] 本題考查形近詞辨析。A、B項(xiàng)的意思是驕傲的，自豪的；C項(xiàng)是有偏見的、有歧視的；D項(xiàng)的意思是悲觀的。根據(jù)句意，很少有人愿意承認(rèn)他們有種族歧視，正確答案為C。