第一篇：英語(yǔ)翻譯

378 STSRUCTURAL WALLS

（b）geometric modeling for cantilever walls it will be sufficient to assume that the sectional properties are concentrated in the vertical centerline of the wall.This should be taken to pass through the centroidal axis of the wall

section, consisting of the gross concrete area only.When cantilever walls are interconnected at each floor by a slab, it is normally sufficient to assume that the floor will act as a rigid diaphragm.Effects of horizontal diaphragm flexibility are discussed briefly in section 6.5.3.By neglecting wall shear deformations and those due to torsion and the effects of restrained warping of an open wall section on stiffness, the lateral force analysis can be reduced to that of a set of cantilevers in which flexural distortions only will control the compatibility of deformations.Such analysis, based on first principles, can allow for the approximatecontribution of each wall when it is subjected to deformations due to floor translations and torsion, as shown in section.it might be, will satisfy the requirements of static equilibrium, and hence it should lead to a satisfactory distribution also of internal actions among the walls of an inelastic structure.When two or more walls in the same plane are interconnected by beams, as is the case in coupled walls shown in figs.5.11 and 5.12,in the estimation of stiffnesses, it will be necessary to account for more rigid end zones where beams frame into walls.Such structures are usually modeled as shown in fig.5.14.standard programs written for frame analyses may then be used.It is emphasized again that the accuracy of geometric stiffness modeling may vary considerably.This is particularly true for deep membered structures, such as shown in fig.5.14.in coupled walls, for example, axial deformations may be significant, and these affect the efficiency of shear transfer across the coupling system.It is difficult to model accurately axial deformations in deep members

after the onset of flexural cracking.Figure 5.15 illustrates the difficulties that arise.Structural properties are conventionally concentrated at the reference axis of the wall, and hence wall frames.Under the action of flexure only, rotation about the centroid of the grossconcrete section is predicted, as shown in Fig.5.15, by line 1.After flexuralcracking, the same rotation may occur about the neutral axis of the crackedsection, as shown by line 2, and this will result in elongation△，measured atthe reference axis.This deformation may affect accuracy, particularly whenthe dynamic response of the structure is evaluated.However, its significancein terms of inelastic response is likely to be small.It is evident that if onewere to attempt a more accurate modeling by using the neutral axis of thecracked section as a reference axis for the model(Fig.5.14), additionalcomplications would arise.The position of this axis would have to changewith the height of the frame due to moment variations, as well as with thedirection of lateral forces, which in turn might control the sense of the axialforce on the walls.These difficulties may be overcome by employing finiteelement [P25] analysis techniques.However, in design for earthquake resistance involving inelastic response, this computational effort would seldom bejustified.(c)Analysis of Wall Sections The computation of deformations, stresses, orstrength of a wall section· may be based on the traditional concepts ofequilibrium and strain compatibility, consistent with the plane section hypothesis.Because of the variability of wall section shapes, design aids, such asstandard axial load-moment interaction charts for rectangular column sections, cannot often be used.Frequently, the designer will have to resort tothe working out of the required flexural reinforcement from first principles[Section 3.3.1(c)].Programs to carry out the section analysis can readily bedeveloped for minicomputers.Alternatively, hand analyses involving successive approximations for trial sections may he used such as shown in designexamples at the end of this chapter.With a little experience, convergence canbe fast.The increased computational effort that arises in the section analysis for flexural strength, with or without axial load, stems from themultilayeredarrangement of reinforcement and the frequent complexity of section shape.A very simple example of such a wall section is shown in Fig.5.16.Itrepresents one wall of a typical coupled wall structure, such as shown in Fig.5.11.The four sections are intended to resist the design actions at four different critical levels of the structure.When the bending moment(assumed to be positive)causes tension at the more heavily reinforced right-hand edge of the section, net axial tension is expected to act on the wall.On the other hand, when flexural tension is induced at the left-hand edge of the section by(negative)moments, axial compression is induced in that wall.Example calculations are given in sections 5.5.2 and 5.6.2.The moments are expressed as the product of the axial load and theeccentricity, measured from the reference axis of the section, which, as statedearlier, is conveniently taken through the centroid of the gross concrete arearather than through that of the composite or cracked transformed section.Itis expedient to use the same reference axis also for the analysis of the crosssection.It is evident that the plastic centroids in tension or compression donot coincide with the axis of the wall section.Consequently, the maximumtension or compression strength of the section, involving uniform strainacross the entire wall section, will result in axial forces that act eccentricallywith respect to the reference axis of the wall.These points are shown in Fig.5.16 by the peak values at the top and bottom meeting points of the four setsof curves.This representation enables the direct use of moments and forces,which have been derived from the analysis of the structural system, becausein both analyses the same reference axis has been used.Similar axial load-moment interaction relationships can be constructedfor different shapes of wall cross sections.An example for a channel-shapedsection is shown in Fig.5.I7.It is convenient to record in the analysis theneutral-axis positions for various combinations of moments and axial forces,because these give direct indication of the curvature ductilities involved indeveloping the appropriate strengths, an aspect examined in Section 5.4.3(6).Because axial load Pi will vary between much smaller limits than shown inFig.5.17, in design office practice only a small part of the relationships shownneed be produced.For walls subjected to small axial compression or axialtension, linear interpolations will often suffice.53.2 Analysis for Equivalent Lateral Static Forces

The choice of lateral design force level, based on site seismicity, structuralconfigurations and materials, and building functions has been considered indetail in Chapter 2.Using the appropriate model, described in precedingsections, the analysis to determine all internal design actions may then becarried out.The outline of analysis for two typical structural wall systems isgiven in the following sections.(a)Interacting Cantilever Walls The approximate elastic analysis for aseries of interacting prismatic cantilever walls, such as shown in Fig.5.18, isbased on the assumption that the walls are linked at each floor by aninfinitely rigid diaphragm, which, however, has no flexural stiffness.Therefore, the three walls shown and so linked are assumedto be displaced byidentical amounts at each floor.The stiffness of rectangular walls with respect to their weak axis, relativeto those of other walls, is so small that in general it may be ignored.It maythus be assumed that as for wall 1 in Fig.5.19, no lateral forces areintroduced to such walls in the relevant direction.A typical arrangement ofwalls within the total floor plan is shown in Fig.5.19.The analysis of this wallsystem is based on the concepts summarized in Appendix A.The shear force,V, applied in any story and assumed to act at the point labeled CV in Fig.5.19, may be resolved for convenience into components VxandVy·Uniformdeflection of all the walls would occur only if these component story shearforces acted at the center of rigidity(CR), the chosen center of the coordinate system for which, by analogy to the derivations of Eq.(A.20), thefollowing conditions are satisfied:

第二篇：英語(yǔ)翻譯[模版]

Unit 1

1.被警察詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)，杰夫極力保持冷靜，沉著地回答每個(gè)問(wèn)題。

Jeff tried to keep his composure and answer every question calmly when inquired by the policeman.2.油價(jià)不斷上漲，世界各國(guó)都不同程度地受到了影響。

With oil prices keeping on increasing, all the countries in the world have been affected(in)one way or another.3.他在會(huì)上提出了一系列可能避免環(huán)境污染的措施。

At the meeting he proposed a series of measures that might ward off the environmental pollution.4.邁克向他父親保證他一定會(huì)全身心投入到即將到來(lái)的比賽上。

Mike assured his father that he would put his whole heart into the coming competition.5.一旦瑪麗下定決心，就絕不會(huì)動(dòng)搖。

Mary will never waver once she makes up her mind.Unit 3

1.天氣驟然變壞，尋找傷員的工作要加緊進(jìn)行。

Efforts to reach the injured men should be intensified because of the sudden deterioration in weather conditions.2.有些人可能沉溺于網(wǎng)上沖浪，這會(huì)危害他們的身心健康。

Some people may be addicted to net surfing, which impairs their physical and mental health.3.地球和它表面的一切，不管是有生命的還是沒(méi)有生命的，相互作用來(lái)影響我們的生活。

The Earth and everything on it, living and nonliving, interact to exert influence on the life we have.4.窮人和殘疾人依靠政府的救濟(jì)維持生計(jì)。

Needy and handicapped people depend on government relief for their support.5.到目前為止，還沒(méi)有跡象表明人們對(duì)此品牌感到疲倦。So far there is no sign of fatigue with the brand.Unit 4

1.在一個(gè)沒(méi)有為高溫炎熱做好準(zhǔn)備的國(guó)家，這是緊急事件。

In a country that is not equipped for severe heat, this is an emergency.2.房間里鬧哄哄的，他不得不豎起耳朵來(lái)聽(tīng)電話。

It was so noisy in the room that he had to pull his ears to hear the phone.3.這是一項(xiàng)令人興奮的工作，但有幾分危險(xiǎn)。This is an exciting job, but kind of dangerous.4.很難預(yù)測(cè)這些事情的結(jié)果是什么。

It is hard to predict how these things will turn out.5.誰(shuí)也不知道怎么辦。即使知道也將會(huì)是摸著石頭過(guò)河。

Nobody knows how to figure them out.Even if somebody seems to know, it is still “crossing a river by feeling for the stones”.Unit 6

1.他用冷漠的態(tài)度面對(duì)別人的侮辱。

He reacted to the insult by acting as cold as ice.2.在生活中，有原則的人寧愿死得有尊嚴(yán)也不愿茍且偷生。

In life, a man of principle prefers to die with dignity instead of living in disgrace.3.幾個(gè)警察不得不護(hù)送這位裁判離開(kāi)足球場(chǎng)。

Several policemen had to escort the referee from the football field.4.她總覺(jué)得自己受制于人。

She always has the feeling that she is being manipulated.5.萬(wàn)一有特殊情況，學(xué)生們應(yīng)該向警察求助。

In case of exceptional circumstances, students should turn to the police for help.

第三篇：英語(yǔ)翻譯

精讀Unit1 1)Mrs.Smith complained to me that she often found it simply impossible to communicate with her 16-year-old daughter.史密斯太太對(duì)我抱怨說(shuō)，她經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)與自己十六歲的女兒簡(jiǎn)直無(wú)法溝通。2)I firmly believe that reading simplified English novels is an easy and enjoyable way of enlarging our vocabulary.我堅(jiān)信，閱讀簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)的英文小說(shuō)是擴(kuò)大我們?cè)~匯量的一種輕松愉快的方法。

3)I don’t think we’re doing enough to protect our environment from pollution.我認(rèn)為我們?cè)诒Ｗo(hù)環(huán)境不受污染方面還做得不夠。4)Apart from writing compositions on a weekly basis, our English teacher assigned us eight books to read during the summer vacation.除了每周寫(xiě)作文外，我們的英語(yǔ)老師還給我們布置了八本書(shū)在暑假里閱讀。

5)We’ve learned from reliable sources that a native English speaker is going to teach us spoken English next term/semester.我們從可靠的消息來(lái)源獲悉下學(xué)期一位以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人將要教我們英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。

6)Seeing English movies on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills.經(jīng)常看英語(yǔ)電影不僅會(huì)提高你的聽(tīng)力，而且還會(huì)幫助你培養(yǎng)說(shuō)的技能。

7)If you have any questions about these learning strategies, please feel free to ask me.And I’ll explain them in greater detail.如果你們對(duì)這些學(xué)習(xí)策略有什么問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)隨便問(wèn)我。我將更詳細(xì)地進(jìn)行講解。8)The Canadian girl is good at seizing every opportunity to speak Chinese.That’s why she has gained a good command of spoken Chinese in less than three years.那個(gè)加拿大女孩善于抓住每個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)講漢語(yǔ)。這就是她為什么三年不到就熟練地掌握了漢語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的原因。

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精讀Unit4 1)To take this job would involve working on weekends frequently, but John didn't mind。

接受這份工作就得經(jīng)常在周末上班，但約翰并不在意。2)It is well known that lung cancer is caused at least in part by smoking too much.眾所周知，肺癌至少部分地是由于吸煙過(guò)多而引起的。3)My grandparents said that the man who invented television had once lived in their neighborhood.我祖父母說(shuō)，發(fā)明電視的那個(gè)人曾住在他們那個(gè)地段。

4)I propose that we go to find Prof.Smith in his office right after the meeting and invite him to our English evening。

我提議咱們會(huì)后馬上去辦公室找史密斯教授，邀請(qǐng)他參加我們的英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)。

5)Having been operated on twice for the disease, she was so weakened that she could barely stand up.她因那病開(kāi)過(guò)兩次刀，身體十分虛弱，幾乎站不起來(lái)。

6)Educators think that the generation growing up with television spends so much of their time in front of the TV that they do not have enough time to study.教育家們認(rèn)為，伴隨著電視機(jī)長(zhǎng)大的一代人，在電視機(jī)前花的時(shí)間太多，以致沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)了。

7)I do hope that you can come up with a better solution than this one.我真希望你能拿出一個(gè)比這更好的解決辦法來(lái)。

8)At first glance the picture didn't look very good, but after examining it carefully, we found that it was indeed a masterpiece.乍一看，這幅畫(huà)并不好，但經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)觀察，我們才發(fā)現(xiàn)它的確是一幅杰作。

精讀Unit6 1)It was reported that the building of the railway had been held up by a

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flood.據(jù)報(bào)道，那條鐵路曾因洪水而停止修建。2)The strike resulted in the management's accepting the workers' demands.罷工結(jié)果，資方接受了工人的要求。3)The coalminers decided to go on strike for better working conditions.煤礦工人們決定為爭(zhēng)取更好的工作條件舉行罷工。

4)I'd like very much to buy the English dictionary.Unfortunately, I haven't got enough money on me.我很想買(mǎi)這本英文詞典，遺憾的是我身上帶的錢(qián)不夠。

5)I'd like to talk over with you about the English translation of the article before sending it to Mr.Hobbs.我想先和你討論一下這篇文章的英譯稿，然后再把它寄給霍布斯先生。

6)The foreign expert hopes to achieve all his aims in three years.那位外國(guó)專(zhuān)家希望在三年內(nèi)達(dá)到所有的目標(biāo)。

7)What do you think a scientist must do in order to keep up with the latest developments in his field? 一個(gè)科學(xué)家要跟上本領(lǐng)域的新發(fā)展，你認(rèn)為必須做些什么?

8)The author thinks that if excellent workers get frequent pay increases and promotions, they will have greater incentive to produce.作者認(rèn)為，如果優(yōu)秀工人經(jīng)常得到加薪和提拔，他們就會(huì)有更大的生產(chǎn)積極性。

精讀unit9 1)Gases such as carbon monoxide, emitted by factories and automobiles, have seriously polluted the atmosphere.工廠和汽車(chē)排出的一氧化碳一類(lèi)氣體嚴(yán)重污染了大氣。

2)The industrial engineer's letter indicates that he doubts the feasibility of the plan.那位工業(yè)管理工程師的來(lái)信表明，他對(duì)該項(xiàng)計(jì)劃是否可行有懷疑。3)Many parents in the United States set aside a fund for their children's

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education before they are born.在美國(guó)，許多父母在孩子出生之前就為他們的教育留出一筆專(zhuān)款。

4)I have made sure that her conclusion is based on facts.我已了解清楚，她的結(jié)論是以事實(shí)為根據(jù)的。

5)The medical team, composed of three doctors and two nurses, set off for the mountain area a few days ago.幾天前，由三位醫(yī)生和兩名護(hù)士組成的醫(yī)療隊(duì)出發(fā)到山區(qū)去了。

6)The village is named after the high mountain that stands in front of it.這個(gè)村莊是以矗立在它前面的那座高山命名的。

7)He was ill for about a month, which has really set him back in his studies.他病了一個(gè)月左右，這使他在學(xué)習(xí)上耽誤了很多。8)The war that broke out between the North and the South in 1861 is known in history as the American Civil War.南方和北方之間于一八六一年爆發(fā)的那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在歷史上稱(chēng)為“美國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)”。

泛讀text1 1)Faced with a lot of evidence, the man had to admit that he was the head of the drug ring.這些人面對(duì)許多證據(jù)，不得不承認(rèn)他是販毒團(tuán)伙的頭目。2)Tommy offered to drive us to the seaside in his car, but insisted we should share the petrol costs.湯米主動(dòng)提出開(kāi)他的車(chē)送我們?nèi)ズI，但堅(jiān)持要我們分擔(dān)汽油費(fèi)。

3)On-the-job smoking is not allowed in our company.So many employees have to give up smoking or reduce the amount they smoke.我們公司不允許上班時(shí)吸煙。于是許多雇員不得不戒煙或者減少吸煙量。

4)When you apply for a job, the first thing the employer sees is your resume.當(dāng)你申請(qǐng)職位時(shí)，雇主首先看到你的履歷。

5)When you find yourself often upset about small matters, you’d better

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cultivate a hobby.你如果發(fā)現(xiàn)自己常為一些小事煩惱，你最好培養(yǎng)一種興趣愛(ài)好。

泛讀text8 1）Those who expect to have a good command of English within a few months should bear in mind that there is no short cut in language learning.那些指望在幾個(gè)月內(nèi)就掌握英語(yǔ)的人應(yīng)該記住，語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)沒(méi)有捷徑可走。

2)It’s a great idea to stay overnight at your house, but I had better talk it over with my parents in case they don’t agree.在你家過(guò)夜是個(gè)好主意，但是我最好還是跟我父母商量一下，以防他們不同意。

3)He advised me to make sure that the second-hand car was in good condition before I made a decision to buy it.他忠告我在決定買(mǎi)那輛二手車(chē)前先弄清楚車(chē)況是否良好。

4)If you don’t cut in half the numbers of the courses you’re going to take next semester, I’m sure you will be weighed down.如果你不把下學(xué)期要選的課程門(mén)數(shù)減半，我肯定到時(shí)你會(huì)累垮。

5.As for my house in the countryside, I only live there every summer;I don’t intend to move in for good.至于我在鄉(xiāng)下的那套房子，我只是每年夏天去住一下，并不打算永久遷人。

泛讀text19

1)Employees hate seeing their boss walking in and out of their office without even giving them a glance

雇員們最討厭看見(jiàn)老板進(jìn)進(jìn)出出辦公室二不屑看他們一眼。

2)If we stay up till three in the morning, we’ll be able to hear the American election results.如果我們熬到凌晨3點(diǎn)，就能聽(tīng)到美國(guó)大選的結(jié)果。3)A policeman has to know as much law as a professional lawyer.He should know what actions are crimes and what evidence he should gather to prove the crimes in courts.一名警察必須像一位職業(yè)律師一樣通曉法律。

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他應(yīng)當(dāng)知道什么行為是犯罪，他應(yīng)當(dāng)收集什么樣的證據(jù)在法庭上證實(shí)這些罪行。

4)Your father is talking business with his colleagues in the study.So don’t bother him.你父親在書(shū)房里和他的同事談?wù)?，?qǐng)不要打撈他。5)Mary and I are good friends.We can read each other’s minds and know each other’s deepest secrets.瑪麗和我是好朋友。我們能看出彼此的心事，并知道對(duì)方心中深藏的秘密。

6)We have to increase our sales one way or another.We can sell our sportswear through big department stores and supermarkets instead of the small, specialist shops.無(wú)論如何我們得擴(kuò)大營(yíng)銷(xiāo)量。我們可以通過(guò)大百貨商場(chǎng)和超市而不是小的專(zhuān)賣(mài)店來(lái)出售我們的運(yùn)動(dòng)服。

泛讀text24 1)Each day there are a good number of people on their way to somewhere around the world.Some are travelling for pleasure, while others on business.每天都有很多人到世界各地旅行。有的外出游玩，有的因公出差。

2)When we were travelling in Europe, we usually rode in the train from one country to another.我們?cè)跉W洲旅行的時(shí)候，通常都是乘火車(chē)從一個(gè)國(guó)家到另一個(gè)國(guó)家。

3)He drew me a map to make sure I could easily find his apartment.為了確保我能輕松的找到他住的公寓，他給我畫(huà)了張地圖。

4)It’s good manners to tip a waiter or waitress for the service you have received when you dine out.在外用餐的時(shí)候，為你所得到的服務(wù)而付給服務(wù)生一些小費(fèi)是一種禮貌。

5)The worst thing about working in the shop is that you’re on your feet all day.商店里工作最讓人受不了的是你得整天站著。

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第四篇：英語(yǔ)翻譯

英譯中

1.At the foot of the Mt.Huangshan(黃山), in the bend of Xin’an River(新安江), lies the beautiful mountain town called “Tunxi”(“屯溪”).在黃山腳下，新安江灣，坐落著一個(gè)美麗的山鎮(zhèn)“屯溪”。

2.The Old Street of Tunxi(屯溪老街)is located in the old city.The street starts in the west at Zhenhai Bridge(鎮(zhèn)海橋), a stone arch bridge built during the Ming Dynasty, and ends in the east at the Memorial Archway(牌坊碑).Its total length is about 1.5km and the street is laid with slab stones(用石板鋪成).屯溪老街位于老街舊城，西起明代修建的石拱橋鎮(zhèn)海橋，東止牌坊碑，全長(zhǎng)1.5公里。街道全部用石板鋪成。

3.There are hundreds of old but well preserved rows of shops, evoking a bygone era in buildings that are simple and elegant(淡雅古樸).The shops, workshops and residences have continued to maintain the special layout of ancient stores such as shop in the front and workshop or house in the back(前店后坊、前店后戶).街道兩旁是數(shù)百家店鋪，鱗次櫛比，保存完好，透溢出一股過(guò)去那種淡雅古樸的建筑風(fēng)韻。店鋪、倉(cāng)庫(kù)和居所仍然保持了古代商鋪那種前店后坊、前店后戶的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)。

4.Situated at the confluence(交匯處)of the Dongting Lake(洞庭湖)and the Yangtze River(長(zhǎng)江)in the north-eastern Hunan Province, Yueyang is a celebrated ancient city of culture.It has been known for “the waters of Dongting are well-known across the land;the tower of Yueyang is simply beyond compare”(“洞庭天下水，岳陽(yáng)天下樓”)to the world.岳陽(yáng)位于湖南省東北部，洞庭湖與長(zhǎng)江交匯處，是一座文化古城，素有“洞庭天下水，岳陽(yáng)天下樓”之美譽(yù)。

5.Yueyang Tower stands on the west gate of the old city.It is a three-story wooden structure(純木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑), 19 meters tall, with upturned eaves and a helmet shaped roof(飛檐盔頂), supported by four pillars.The structure is a unique combination of artistic taste, mechanics, architecture, and craftsmanship.After you ascend the tower you will have a spectacular view of the Dongting Lake.岳陽(yáng)樓矗立在老城的西城門(mén)上，是一座三層純木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑，由4根大柱子支撐，有19米高，飛檐盔頂，工藝獨(dú)特，造型精美。登樓可以欣賞美麗的洞庭風(fēng)光。

6.The predecessor(前身)of Yueyang Tower was a structure built By Lu Su(魯肅)in the Three Kingdoms Period(三國(guó)時(shí)期)for reviewing military parades.It was expanded into a tower in 716 by Zhang Shuo(張說(shuō))and given its present name.岳陽(yáng)樓的前身是三國(guó)時(shí)期魯肅修建的閱兵臺(tái)。公元716年，張說(shuō)在此擴(kuò)建成樓，并命名為岳陽(yáng)樓。

7、The snow scene of the West Lake enjoyed very high praise, especially the view of “melting snow at broken bridge”(“斷橋殘雪”)is unique in the winter of the West Lake.西湖雪景最是為人稱(chēng)道，而“斷橋殘雪”又為西湖冬季的一處獨(dú)特景觀。

8.Why it is called as “malting snow on the broken bridge”, there are different sayings(眾說(shuō)紛紜).One of them is that it snows almost every winter in Hangzhou.“斷橋殘雪”得名由來(lái)，眾說(shuō)紛紜。一說(shuō)每至冬令時(shí)節(jié)，杭州必會(huì)白雪皚皚。

9.When the sun comes out after snowfall, the snow on the sunny side of the bridge(橋陽(yáng)面)melts first, while the snow on the shady side still lingers.每當(dāng)瑞雪初晴，橋陽(yáng)面冰雪消融，而橋陰面仍然玉砌銀鋪。

10.Zhouzhuang Town(周莊鎮(zhèn))is located 38 kilometers southeast of Suzhou City，33 kilometers southwest of Kunshan City(昆山市).With a history of more than 900 years, it is just like a pearl set near the bank of Dianshan Lake(淀山湖).周莊鎮(zhèn)位于蘇州城東南38公里，昆山市境內(nèi)西南33公里，宛如一顆燦爛明珠鑲嵌在淀山湖畔，已有九百余年的歷史。

11.The river course of the town takes the shape of Chinese Character “#”(呈井字型).Houses are all built along the river.Over sixty percent of dwelling-houses out of almost one thousand were built in the Ming or Qing dynasties.古鎮(zhèn)區(qū)內(nèi)河道呈井字型，民居依河筑屋，依水成街。鎮(zhèn)上近千戶人家明清建筑占百分之六十以上。

12.Over the river are 14 bridges built in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, among which there is a unique bridge in China-Fu’an Bridge(富安橋)and the world famous Double Bridge(雙橋).河道上橫跨14座建于元、明、清代的古橋梁，其中有國(guó)內(nèi)僅存的富安橋和聞名中外的雙橋。

13.The Zhang’s Residence was built by Xu Kui’s descendants.The folk sayings that “The sedans enter the front door while boats pass through the house” define its architectural characteristics.徐逵后裔(descendants)建有張廳(The Zhang’s Residence)，民間所說(shuō)“轎從前門(mén)進(jìn)，船從家中過(guò)”(“The sedans enter the front door while boats pass through the house”)生動(dòng)形象地描繪了其建筑特色。

14.The Shen’s Residence which has 7 courtyards with 5 doors was built by Shen Wansan’s descendants.In addition, there is Ye Chucang’s Former Residence.沈萬(wàn)山(Shen Wansan)后裔建有七進(jìn)五門(mén)樓的沈廳(The Shen’s Residence), 這里還有葉楚傖故居(Ye Chucang’s Former Residence)等。

15.Mt.Huangshan has all the charm of landscape in China while Zhouzhuang boasts all the beautiful features of Chinese water town.Zhouzhuang is worth of the fame as the “first water town in China.”

黃山集中國(guó)山川之美，周莊集中國(guó)水鄉(xiāng)之美。周莊被譽(yù)為“中國(guó)第一水鄉(xiāng)”(the “first water town in China”)，名不虛傳。

16.Mt.Taishan is located in the center of Shandong Province spanning(跨越)the cities of Taian(泰安)and Jinan(濟(jì)南), extending for total area of 250 kilometers.泰山位于山東省中部，跨越泰安、濟(jì)南兩市?？偯娣e250平方公里。

17.It boasts of a wealth of natural legacies(自然遺產(chǎn)).A large number of scenic spots were given names since ancient times.They include 112 peaks, 98 precipitous ridges, 18 rock caves, 58 odd shaped rocks, 102 streams and valleys, 56 pools and waterfalls, 64 springs.她擁有豐富的自然遺產(chǎn)。景區(qū)內(nèi)自古命名的山峰112座，崖嶺98座，巖洞18處，奇石58塊，溪谷102條，潭池瀑布56處，山泉64處。

18.There are 989 species of plants falling into 114 families, and vegetation coverage(植被覆蓋率)of 79.9 percent.泰山共有植物144科，989種，植被覆蓋率為79.9％。

19.Mt.Qingcheng(青城山)is situated 63 kilometers west of Chengdu(成都).Characterized by its secluded and quiet environment, the scenic area is surrounded by ring-shaped peaks(群峰環(huán)繞).青城山坐落于成都市西郊63公里處，群峰環(huán)繞，環(huán)境幽靜，盡顯清幽本色。

20.It enjoys equal fame for steepness with Jianmen(劍門(mén)), for elegance with Mt.Emei(峨眉)and for grandeur with Kuimen(夔門(mén)).It has been widely acclaimed as the “most secluded mountain under the heaven”(“青城天下幽”).青城山之幽，與劍門(mén)之險(xiǎn)，峨眉之秀，夔門(mén)之雄齊名，素有“青城天下幽”之美譽(yù)。

21.In Chinese Qingcheng literally means “green city”(“綠色的城郭”).Mt.Qingcheng gets its name because the main scenic spots such as the Tianshi Cave(天師洞)are all surrounded by 36 mountain peaks with their forests of lush evergreen trees encircling each spot like a city wall.青城山顧名思義，意為“綠色的城郭”，其主要景點(diǎn)如天師洞青山環(huán)列，樹(shù)木蔥翠，三十六座山峰層巒迭嶂，狀若城郭，故此得名。

中譯英

1.屯溪老街多數(shù)房屋僅為三層，具有鮮明的徽派建筑特色：白粉墻、小青瓦、雕梁畫(huà)棟。

Most of the buildings are only three stories high in the Old Street of Tunxi.They are decorated with white walls, small green tiles, wood carvings in the distinct Hui style.2.老街是一條商業(yè)步行街。安徽、江浙、福建的商人在此聚集，摩肩接踵，一派“清明上河圖”的景象。

The Old Street is a commercial street that is only for pedestrians.The merchants from Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Fujian provinces jostle each other in a crowd that resembles the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival”.3.一位西歐建筑家到老街時(shí)說(shuō)，在這里他找到了“東方古羅馬”。

An ancient Western-European architect once visited the Old Street and said that he had found “the Eastern Ancient Rome.”

4.1044年，宋代官員滕子京謫守巴陵郡，重修了岳陽(yáng)樓，并于翌年請(qǐng)當(dāng)時(shí)著名的政治家、文學(xué)家范仲淹撰文以記之。

In 1044, Teng Zijing, a Song Dynasty official, was banished to Baling Prefecture and renovated the tower.The following year he asked Fan Zhongyan, a well-known statesman and man of letters of the time, to write an essay to mark the renovated tower.5.這篇名為《岳陽(yáng)樓記》的文章語(yǔ)言精美，思想深邃，其文學(xué)成就無(wú)以倫比，因而名揚(yáng)四方。

The essay entitled Notes on Yueyang Tower, is considered matchless in literary achievement and profound thought, has made the theme of his writing famous far and wide.6.文中一幅對(duì)子“先天下這憂而憂，后天下之樂(lè)而樂(lè)”為每個(gè)中國(guó)人所熟悉。

One couplet in the essay, “Be concerned before anyone else becomes concerned;enjoy yourself only after everyone else finds enjoyment.” has become familiar to every Chinese

7.從附近小山上極目遠(yuǎn)眺，那小橋好似橋斷一般。

Looked at a distance or from a nearby hill, the little bridge appears to be broken.8.待到冬日雪霽，佇立橋頭，放眼四望，遠(yuǎn)山銀裝素裹，更加?jì)趁拿匀耍切蕾p西湖雪景之佳地。

On fine winter days after a snow, you may stand on the bridge to feast your eyes on the snow scene far and near.Distant hills, clad in white, grow more enchanting.It is a best venue for you to watch the snow scene of the West Lake.9.而中國(guó)民間傳說(shuō)“白蛇傳”又為斷橋景物增添了些許浪漫色彩。

The Chinese folk story “The Tale of White Snake” brings the broken bridge some romance.10.泰山古稱(chēng)岱山(Daishan)，春秋時(shí)期被尊為(revered as)東岳(East Sacred Mountain)。其山勢(shì)磅礴雄偉，峰巒突兀峻拔(abruptly rising)，景色壯麗。

Mt.Taishan was known in ancient times as Daishan and revered as the East Sacred Mountain in the Spring and Autumn Period.It presents the loftiness and grandeur with abruptly rising majestic peaks and crests.The sceneries are spectacular.11.中國(guó)歷代帝王秦始皇、漢武帝、唐玄宗、清帝乾隆等均曾到泰山封禪(hold grand sacrificial ceremonies)，歷代七十二君主到此祭告天地(offer sacrifices to heaven and earth)。

Many Chinese emperors including Qin Shihuang, Wu Di of the Han Dynasty, Xuan Zong of the Tang Dynasty and Qian Long of the Qing Dynasty held grand sacrificial ceremonies on its summit.All through the dynasties 72 emperors had come here to offer sacrifices to heaven and earth.12.風(fēng)景區(qū)擁有延續(xù)數(shù)千年的歷史文化遺產(chǎn)?，F(xiàn)有古建筑群22處，古遺址97處，歷代碑碣(commemorative stone tablets)819塊，歷代刻石(inscribed rocks)1800余處。

With Cultural legacies handing down through thousands of years, the scenic area houses 22 groups of ancient architectures, 97 ancient remains, 819 commemorative stone tablets and 1,800 inscribed rocks.13.青城山位于四川省西部，群峰環(huán)繞，清幽隱逸(tranquil and secluded)，林木清幽，是著名的旅游景點(diǎn)和避暑勝地(summer resort)。

The ring-shaped hills, tranquil and secluded, covered with luxuriant vegetation, make Mt.Qingcheng in the western part of Sichuan Province, a famous tourist site and summer resort.14.作為一座道教名山(a famous Taoist mountain)，道教的發(fā)祥地和道教發(fā)展的重要基地，青城山已有兩千多年的歷史了。青城山以其清幽的環(huán)境和其在道教中的重要性而獨(dú)具一格(unique)。

As the birthplace of Taoism and an important base of Taoism development, it has been a famous Taoist mountain for almost 2000 years.Mt.Qingching is unique for its secluded environment and for its Taoist significance.15.1982年，青城山被國(guó)務(wù)院(State Council)評(píng)定為全國(guó)首批重點(diǎn)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)(China National Key Tourist Resort)。2000年，青城山和都江堰(Dujiangyan Irrigation Project)聯(lián)名被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織(UNESCO)列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄(List of World Cultural Heritage)。

In 1982, it was ratified as one of first group of China National Key Tourist Resorts by the State Council.In 2000, together with the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project, it was inscribed on the List of World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.

第五篇：英語(yǔ)翻譯

1.你覺(jué)得什么時(shí)候最有可能在家里找到他? What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home? 2.由于受到原子輻射，他最終在工作時(shí)倒下了。

As a result of exposure to atomic radiation,he finally collapsed at work.3.千萬(wàn)別說(shuō)可能會(huì)被人誤解的話。(capable of)Be sure not to say anything capable of being misunderstood.4.她砰地關(guān)上門(mén)，一聲不吭地走了，他們之間那場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)執(zhí)就此結(jié)束。

Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.5.小約翰尼一見(jiàn)到媽媽下班回來(lái)就往前門(mén)跑去。

Little johnny made for the door at the sight of his mother coming back from work.6.他研究原子科學(xué)是為了我國(guó)的國(guó)防。他根本不在乎名望。He pursued atomic science for the defense our country.Fame meant nothing to him.7.三位教授被請(qǐng)來(lái)對(duì)新教員設(shè)計(jì)的教案做出評(píng)估。

Three professors were asked to make an evaluation of the teaching plans devised by the new teachers.8.不言而喻，青年人的教育對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家的未來(lái)是至關(guān)重要的。It is self-evident that the education of young is vital to future of country.9.一個(gè)衛(wèi)生組織促使地方政府為建造一所新的醫(yī)院籌措三百萬(wàn)美元的資金。

A health organization prompted the local government to raise a three-million-dollar fund for a new hospital.10.一切都表明他的計(jì)劃出了毛病。

Everything points to the fact/indicates that something has gone wrong with his project/plan.