第一篇：英語翻譯

My lords and Members of House of Commons, I am most grateful for your Loyal Address and the generous words of the Lord Speaker and Mr.Speaker.The great institution has been at the heart of the country and the lives of our people throughout its history.As Parliamentarians，you share with your forebears a fundamental role in the laws and decisions of your own age.Parliament has survived as an unshakeable cornerstone of our constitution and our life.History links monarchs and Parliament, a connecting thread from one period to the next.So, in an era when the regular, worthy rhythm of life is less eye-catching than doing something extraordinary, I am reassured that I am merely the second Sovereign to celebrate a Diamond Jubilee.As today, it was my privilege to address you during my Sliver and Golden Jubilees.Many of you were present ten years ago and some of you will recall the occasion in 1977.Since my Accession, I have been a regular visitor to the Palace of Westminster and at the last count, have had the pleasurable duty of treating with twelve Prime Ministers.Over such a period, one can observe that the experience of venerable old age can be a mighty guide but not a prerequisite for success in public office.I am therefore very pleased to be addressing many younger Parliamentarians and also those bringing such a wide range of background and experience to your vital, national work.During these years as your Queen, the support of my family has, across the generations, has beyond measure.Prince Philip is, I believe, well-known for declining compliments of any kind.But throughout he has been a constant strength and guide.He and I are very proud and grateful that the Prince of Wales and other members of our family are travelling on my behalf in this Diamond Jubilee year to visit all the Commonwealth Realms and a number of other Commonwealth countries.(節選自英國女王伊麗莎白二世登基60周年演講稿)

譯文：

各位上下議會的議員們，我非常感謝主議長和議長先生的衷心贊揚。

這個偉大的機構（議會）已經成為國家歷史的心臟和我們民眾生活的生命。作為國會議員，你分享了你的祖先的一個根本性法律。議會已經成為不可動搖的基石，存在于我們的憲法和生活方式中。

歷史聯系著君主和議會，像一個紐帶把一個時代和下一個時代連接起來。所以，在做不平凡事比平常生活更受關注的時代，我很高興我能成為第二份能夠慶祝鉆禧年的君主。

到今天為止，你們能參加我銀禧和金禧的盛典，我很慶幸。十年前你們中的很多人也出席了，你們中的一些人依然能回憶出1977年的情景。

我在為期間，我是威斯敏斯特宮的常客，至今為止，我和12位首相有過愉快的合作。在這樣一個時代，年長者的經驗很管用，但對于公職來說卻不是成功的先決條件。我很高興和很多年輕議員提建議，我也把廣泛的背景知識和經驗運用到日常國家事務中。當女王的這些年，來自我家庭幾代人的支持難以衡量。菲利普親王因為拒絕各種贊揚而出名。但是，他是一名堅定的支持者和向導。威爾士王子和其他家人將代表我在鉆禧年出訪所有的英聯邦王國和部分英聯邦國家，我和他都感到非常的高興和自豪。

評價：

顯然這篇英國女王登基60周年演講翻譯可以達到嚴復“信、達、雅”的特點，本篇節選翻譯大部分用直譯方式（Literal Translation），對于一篇正式場合的演講稿，我覺得直譯可以更加莊重，是對英國女王的尊重與敬仰。本篇節選翻譯很少運用了意譯方式（Free translation），但有音譯形式的出現，例如“Westminster”就音譯成“威斯敏斯特”。整篇譯文也有不足之處，例如：“As Parliamentarians，you share with your forebears a fundamental role in the laws and decisions of your own age.”譯成“作為國會議員，你分享了你的祖先的一個根本性法律。”其中的“and decisions of your own age”似乎沒有翻譯出來，我個人覺得把這句譯成“作為國會議員，你分享了你的祖先的符合我們這個時代的一個根本性法律”會better些。

12101010

生命科學與工程學院 張青

第二篇：英語翻譯

英語1-4單元翻譯

第一單元.這個嬰兒還不會爬，更不用說走了。The baby can not crawl,let alone walk.2 威爾聲稱謀殺案發生時他正在與一群朋友吃飯，但是我認為他在說謊。Will claimed that he was having a dinner with his friend when the murder happended,but in my opinion he is lying.he told lie.3 一定程度上閱讀速度與閱讀技巧密切相關；有了閱讀技巧，你就可以更好的應對課外閱讀了。

To a certain extent ,the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills;and reading skills, you can better cope with outside class readingafter class reading.4 根據規則他們倆都可以參加比賽。

According to the ruleregulation, they both can take part inparticipate the game.5 有些人想當然的認為日語中的每一個詞在漢語中都有對應的詞語。Some people assume that each word in Japanese has an equivalent in Chinese /Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for very Japanese word 6 我已將所有的相關信息告知了警方。

We have already reported all relevant information to the police We have already passed all relevant information on the police 7 關于那件事你問我再多的問題也沒用，因為我是不會回答你的。It is no use asking me any more questions because I won’t answer 8 事先沒有仔細閱讀合同就簽了名是吉姆的錯誤。

Singing the contract without reading it carefully was a mistake on Jim’s part It was a mistake on Jim’s part to sign the contract without reading carefully 9 他們拒絕向我們提供所需要的全部信息。

They refused to provide us with all information that we needed 10 這起事故與三年前發生的一起事故極為相似。

This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago 11 這部影片是根據莎士比亞的戲劇改編的。

The film /movies is based on a play of William Shakespeare 如果你過你的英語和電腦技能都掌握得好，那么你在謀職時一定比別人更有優勢.You’ll surely /certainly have advantage over others in finding a job ,if you are good at /if you have a good command of both English and computer skills

第二單元 很多老師不贊同這種做法

Many /A lot of /A large number of teachers frowned on this practice 2 當我想從草地上穿過去的時候，有位老人在旁邊怒視著我。

When I was about to /was trying to cross /cut across the lawn , an old man glared at me.3 當我提到我的父親，她臉上總是露出來認識我的笑容。

When I mentioned my father, she showed a smile of recognition on her face 4 我的大孩子比較聽話，而小的那個非常倔。我現在還回想起小的孩子在中學畢業后是如何執意要出國讀書的。

My older child/My firstborn was quit obedient, whereas my younger child was very stubborn.I can still recall how the younger child insisted on going abroad to study after his graduation from middle school.5 當海嘯襲來時，許多東南亞國家遭受了巨大的損失。

Countries in South East Asia sustained great losses when the tsunami struck the area.6 每當做母親的那弟弟跟哥哥作比較，弟弟就要抗議。

Every time the mother tries to compare the younger brother with his elder brother, the younger one will protest 7 當他初到這個新學校的時候，發現自己與其他同學格格不入。

He found himself unable to fit in with his classmates when he first came to this school 8 她臉上氣急敗壞的表情實在把我嚇壞了。我再也不敢說個不字。The fury on her face terrified me.I dared not say no to her again.9 怪不得你最后闖出禍來，原來你從來不聽你父母的管教。No wonder you ended up in trouble.You never followed your parents’ advice.10 他發了整整兩年的時間才慢慢適應了這個新環境。It took him two years to adapt to the new environment

第三單元 威廉非常喜歡那個女孩，所以他盡力討好她，并且很有信心可以贏得她的心。William likes the girl very much /a lot so he tires his best to impress her and is optimistic to min her heart.2 他有創造性，對未來也有很好的判斷力，可就是喜歡秘而不宣。He is creative and has a good vision of the future, but he likes keep things to himself.3 他們來自一個貧窮的小山村，那里的人們遠離現代文明。

They come from a poor little village where people were shut off from modern civilization.4 我們要努力工作，爭取達到我們是定下的目標.We must work hard and make an effort to achieve the goals that we have set.5 我們應滿足于我們所擁有的一切，不該對周圍的事情過分吹毛求疵。We should learn to be content with all that we have and should not be too critical about things around us.6 他們經常代表學校參加辯論比賽；今晚我們將聚會慶祝他們的成功。They often represent our school in debating competitions;tonight we will throw a party to celebrate their success.7 通過讀書，他不僅開闊了視野，而且學會了不斷完善自己的人格。Through reading ,not only has he expanded his horizons,but he also has learned to keep improving his character.8 為了把那個女孩從火中救出，兩名警察犧牲了他們的生命。

Two policemen sacrificed their lives in order to save that girl from the fire.9 穩定的；無沖突的夫妻關系對家庭中的孩子有好處。

A stable relationship without conflict between husband and wife benefits the children in family.3

第四單元 我們一知道成績就互相聯系吧！

Let’s get in touch as soon as we know the result of the testexam 2 那音樂激起他強烈的思鄉之情。

The music aroused an intense feeling of homesickness in him.3 你已經工作一個上午了，該休息一下了

You’ve been working all morning---you;deserve a rest now.4 我剛躺下，電話鈴就響了。

I had no sooner lain down than the telephone rangNo sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang.5 醫生說我疲勞過度，勸我不要在接受更多的工作

My doctor says I’m too tired and has advised me not to take on any more work 6 珍妮自愿負責聚會后的清潔工作。

Jenny volunteered to clear up after the gathering.7 演講的題目提前一個星期宣布，但是演講者的名字不會提前告知。The subject of the talk is announced a week in advance, but the name of the speaker is not.8 你的考試成績沒有達到所要求的標準，換句話說，你考試不及格。Your performance in the exam did not reach the required standard----in other words, you failed.9 她病得很厲害，必須停止工作。She was so ill that she had to leave off work.10 現在沒辦法知道結果會怎樣，案子的決定權在法官手里，我們所能做的就是等待

There is no way to tell what is going to happen.The case is in the hands of the judge, and all we could do is to wait.4

第三篇：英語翻譯

翻譯：

在2011年7月，我加入了海航集團這個大家庭并成為海南新生信息有限公司北京分公司的一員，領導給我的職位是客戶服務主管，在這個短短的半年中，我嚴格要求自己并較好的執行自己本職的工作，有收獲，也有不足的地方，在公司領導的幫助下，我從一個對自己的工作一知半解，到現在我可以自己獨當一面，現將自己的工作狀況以及個人體會總結如下：工作介紹:

在這半年中，我們公司主要的工作重點都放在北京錦繡大地物流港，我們的工作主要是在錦繡大地開展第三方支付業務，海航在2011年5月16日全國首批取得 《中華人民共和國支付業務許可證》，在2011年1月24日獲得《支付系統安全認證證書》并以此為基礎開發科一個支付系統簡稱“新生支付”系統。通過這個系統為錦繡大地的商戶們提供代收代付服務等相關金融服務。

而我的工作主要為：對商戶以及公司客戶進行新生支付系統的了解推廣以及介紹，為商戶及公司申請新生支付賬號，對新生支付進行使用以及對錦繡大地的一些正在使用新生支付系統的公司進行操作上的培訓以及解答，給錦繡大地管理員進行錦繡大地結算卡的培訓與使用介紹。

① 新生支付業務了解及推廣

在我剛開始接觸新生支付系統的時候我只是通過從大新華易物流總部那個得到的相關資料對新生支付系統僅有初步的了解，之后我通過聯系易物流總部運營部的蘇珊周嘉華等人，對新生支付系統有了更深刻的了解，同時，錦繡大地的一些公司對新生支付也比較有興趣，這正好可以讓我在實際操作中了解新生支付以及對其進行推廣，在推廣過程中，我了解到了客戶的信息，并準備通過他們提交的信息為他們申請支付平臺的賬號。

② 新生賬號的申請

從向總部的相關人員咨詢中我了解到，只有申請到了新生平臺賬號才能在新生平臺進行業務的使用。申請賬號時需要備其以下資料：商戶信息調查表完整填寫，營業執照副本，稅務登記證，組織機構代碼證，法人身份證（都需要復印件），同時要簽訂協議并上報公文，在協議中，要明確的是結算時間，這個主要跟客戶在使用平臺時付款的到賬時間有關，一般為T+1。了更好更快的推廣新生支付平臺，我通過以上的要求在1個半月的時間里為錦繡大地的5家公司開了新生平臺賬號。

③ 新生支付平臺的使用培訓

在申請完新生支付平臺賬號后，我將幫助客戶進行賬號的注冊，登陸密碼和支付密碼啊的設定，之后就可以在使用了。一般的客戶主要在平臺上進行大額款項的往來、單比付款、批量付款。單筆付款主要是面向個人或者是一家公司，批量付款則是這個系統的一大優點，在一張excel表里可以把所有付款信息填入里面，無論多少人，多少公司都可以，這時，需要在設置另一個操作員的賬號，由于批量付款涉及金融較大，數量較多，所有對系統會在批量付款時需要業務復核。在這半年里，這5家公司通過批量付款進行過工資發放，退付款的發放等等，而且他們每天都在新生平臺進行金額的代收代付業務。

④ 錦繡大地結算卡

我們在錦繡大地推廣新生系統的同時，為了給商戶們帶來更便利的金融服務，我們推出了錦繡大地結算卡，這是一張預付費卡，可記名可掛失。商戶們可以通過這張卡在錦繡大地的結算中心進行現金存取，存支票，轉賬等業務。在領導把這張結算卡的主要功能給我們講解完后，在半個月的時間里，我們基本上把這張卡的功能全部了解了。在領導的要求下，我們分層給錦繡大地的管理員們進行培訓，之后找到每層的大商戶，分層分批次的跟他們進行結算卡的推廣。我們以錦繡大地聯合農副產品批發市場有限公司名，為其申請了新生平臺賬號，結算中心通過錦繡大地的新生平臺進行代收代付的業務。

感受與不足

在進入海航集團的這半年里我感受到了海航大家庭的溫暖，體會到了海航精神，體會到了“共同理想、共同信仰、共同追求、共同理念”，體會到海航將追求品質貫穿到每位海航人的每件工作中，以“誠信、業績、創新”為理念，賦予了“海航”這個符號高品質的形象，奠定了海航事業長青不凋的基石。在領導和同事的幫助下，自己成長了許多也成熟了許多，領導交給自己的任務，自己可以獨立完成，做到獨當一面。體會到了海航精神里面的為自己做點事，為他們做點事。

自己在很多方面都有不足的地方，首先我認為我對第三方支付的這個概念了解的不是很全面，而且對金融這方面的知識了解的不是很多，自己應該在周末和休息時間多學一些金融方面的知識，多看一些金融方面的書籍。海航是一個競爭力很強的企業，如果不學習不總結經驗早晚會被海航淘汰，在海航一定要多學習，多總結經驗和教訓，使自己不斷成長，這樣才能讓自己站得住腳。自己在工作中可能還是有些馬虎大意，這在以后工作中是一定不行的，自己所涉及的都是金額較大的工作，所以一定要認真。

今年馬上就要過去了，明天可能會有更多更有挑戰性的工作等著我來完成，我自己也很期待去鍛煉自己，讓自己變的更成熟穩重，可以幫助領導和同事排憂解難，自已一定要積極貫徹“海航十則”精神，團結同事，聽取別人的意見和建議，多學習，多總結經驗和教訓，為海航的發展多出一份力！

In July 2011, I joined the Haihang group，and become a new member of Hainan new information co., LTD., Beijing branch, my position is customer service director.During this short half a year, I am strict with myself and do my job, I have learnt a lot as well as shortcomings.Under the leadership of firm, I change from a girl knows nothing about business to a girl who can make it, now I will share my working conditions and personal experience with all of you, as follows:

Work Introduction:

During this half year, our company mainly focuses on the Beijing big country logistics port, our main task is to develop the third party payment business in the big country.Haihang first obtains the People's Republic of China payment business license in the May 16, 2011 ,and in 2011 January 24th it wins payment system security authentication certificate and, on this basis, developing a payment system called” the new payment system”.By which big businessmen in the country are able to conduct collect and pay service and other related financial services

My work is mainly as follows: introduce the new payment system to merchants and customers, help them to apply for new payment account, operate the training for the new-pay-users as well as to the big country of new payment system, and introduce the using methods for the to big country managers.(1)understanding and promotion for the new payment business

I just started to contact new payment system via the Xinhuayi logistics headquarters and the relevant information, with the help of ZhouJiaHua, Susan and other acquaintances, I have a deeper understanding of the new payment systems.Meanwhile, some companies are interested in new payment, in which I am able to promote it and have a picture of clients in the real operation, and prepare to submit for their payment platform account through their information

(2)Application for the new account

By the relevant consulting from the heads, I learned that only apply for the new platform account can use it for business.Apply for the account calls for the following material: complete merchant information questionnaire, duplicate of business license, tax registration

certificate, organization code certificate, legal person's ID card(all need copy), and at the same time they need to sign the agreement, and hand in it.What shall be clearly is the main settlement time, which customers in the use of platform payment should account the time, generally for T + 1.In order to promote new payment platform, I opened new platform account for 5 big companies through the above requirements in one and a half months.(3)training for the use of new payment platform

In the application for the new account payment platform, I will help customers account registration, password, then can be in use.The general

customers are mainly in the platform of the large amount of money than current, single payment, batch payment.Single payment mainly is for an individual or company, batch payment system is the one of the great strengths and, a piece of excel list can put all the payment information inside, no matter how many people and company, at this time, we need to set up another operator account, due to the batch payment involves more quantity, all of the system in batch payment need business review.During this half year, the five companies made salary, pay back the issue, and so on through the batch payment, and they everyday in the new platform for amount of collection and payment business.(4)the big country debit card

We promote new system, at the same time, in order to bring more financial services to traders, we have launched the big country debit card, this is a prepaid card, which can be registered and can report the lost.Traders of the settlement center can have cash access, deposit check, transfer, etc through the card in the big country.After the leader introduces the functions of this debit card, we have a good grasp of it in the coming half month.Under the leadership, we give the detailed training to managers and big fishes about the debit card.Our big country,agricultural and sideline products wholesale market co., LTD., applies for the new platform account, settlement center collects and pays business through the new platform.Feeling and shortage

During the half year in Haihang group, I felt the warm of this family, and realize the process of spirit, “same ideal, same beliefs, same pursuit, and same idea”, realize to the Haihang will pursue the quality through the process of each piece of work, take “the faith, performance,innovation” for the concept, shape “Haihang” the image of high quality, laid the solid foundation of the development.With the help of leadership and colleagues, I grow up and become mature.I am able to finish the task on myself which realize the spirit “one for all, all for one”.I have some shortcomings, to begin with, I don’t have a clear picture of third party payment and also lack for financial knowledge, I should spare the weekend time to do more reading and learn more about them.Haihang is a very competitive enterprise, without learning and summing up experiences one is easily be eliminated.In this company, I must learn the lessons to make myself grow up, only in this way I will earn a position here.I am careless sometimes in the work, which is not allowed because it is involved in the large amount of money, so I must serious.This year will be the past, more challenges are waiting for me, I, myself, also looking forward to exercise myself, and learn to be more mature.I can help leaders and colleagues to solve problems, and I do stick for the spirit, I will unify colleagues, take their suggestions and advise, learn to sum up experience and lessons to make a contribution to Haihang!

第四篇：英語翻譯

“Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move，” said David Belle, the founder of parkour(跑酷)．

Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring.But what if making your morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale？Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way.It is just because of Bond’s wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.Yes, that’s parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body.Parkour is considered an extreme sport.As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that.Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念)behind parkour.This is the same as life.You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in your life, to reach the destination successfully.A parkour lover said, “I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything.” Another philosophy we’ve learnt from parkour is freedom.It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world.It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence.()1.Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of ________.A．its founder, David Belle B．the film Casino Royale C．its risks and tricks D．the varieties of participants()2.The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”． A．streets

B．objects

C．barriers

D．roofs()3.Which of the following is TRUE of parkour? A．It challenges human abilities.B．It is a good but boring sport.C．It needs special training.D．It is a team sport.()4.As its participants move around a city, ________.A．they can ask for help B．they may choose to escape C．they should run to extremes D．they must learn to survive()5.Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour? A．Sports and extremes.B．Excitement and popularity.C．Dreams and success.D．Determination and freedom “我們的目標是把我們的藝術走向世界，讓人們了解什么是移動的，說：”戴維貝爾，跑酷的創始人（跑酷）。你喜歡跑步嗎？這是一個很好的鍛煉，但許多人覺得很無聊。但如果你早上慢跑一個具有創造性的人？就像跳圍墻和差距，和地面卷嗎？就像在電影皇家賭場的杰姆斯邦德？鍵跳躍從屋頂到窗臺上，然后越過障礙的道路上幾塊。這是因為債券的精彩表演，體育已經成為風靡全球。是的，這是一個極端的街頭運動跑酷，旨在從一個點到另一個盡可能快，要在路上的一切障礙，只使用了人體的能力。跑酷是一項極端的運動。為參加短跑在城市周圍，他們可能會跳過柵欄，跑上墻，甚至從屋頂。跑酷也一樣令人興奮和迷人的聲音，但其參與者看到跑酷多。克服了所有困難的課程和生活哲理的部分（理念）在跑酷。這是一樣的生活。你必須確定你的目的地，筆直走，跳過所有的障礙，如在跑酷永不后退從他們在你的生活中，成功地達到目的地。一個跑酷愛好者說，“我愛跑酷因為其哲學已經成為我的生活，我做的一切。”另一種哲學，我們學會了從跑酷是自由的。它可以通過任何人，在任何時間，在世界的任何地方。它是一種信任自己，你獲得的能量和自信的表達。（）1.parkour風靡世界因為________。利用其創始人，戴維Belle該電影皇家賭場c.風險和技巧的品種的參與者（）2.下劃線的單詞“障礙”2段意思相近的“________”。b.objects街頭c.barriers d.roofs（）下列內容，是真正的跑酷？A.它挑戰人類的能力。這是一個很好的但無聊的運動。它需要特殊的訓練。這是一項團隊運動。（）4.as參與者將周圍的城市，________。他們可以尋求幫助，他們可能會選擇逃避他們應該走極端他們必須學會生存（）下列5.which是跑酷的哲學？A.體育和極端。B.興奮和普及。C.夢想與成功。D.確定和自由

【要點綜述】 電影中的邦德讓跑酷運動風靡全球，它既是對人體能力極限的挑戰，也是對人生意志與自由的追求。1．B 細節理解題。根據第二段可知跑酷之所以風靡全球是受《皇家賭場中主人公邦德精彩表演的影響。2．C 詞義猜測題。根據倒數第二段中間部分的“jump over all the barriers as if in parkour”可知畫線詞與C項“障礙”意思最接近。3．A 根據第三段中的“getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body”可知跑酷是對人體能力的挑戰。4．C 推理判斷題。根據第二、三段最后兩句中的內容可推測他們應該跑到極限。5．D 推理判斷題。結合倒數第二段中內容以及最后一段第一句中內容可知跑酷的理念是決心和自由

第五篇：英語翻譯

1.As is commonly acknowledged / It is commonly recognised that humans are social animals.Bonded together in a community, we naturally expect to have friends.As to what friendship is, people have different notions / ideas.Some make friends for mutual utility.Once the ground for such friendship disappears, the friendship also breaks up.However, a lot more people long for “soul pals”— those who possess virtues and with whom we can go through trials and tribulations together.Such friendships keep us away from greed and violence and encourage us to have the courage of our convictions.Such is what we call “true and perfect friendship”.2.After dinner, we all sat around the hearth.Aunt Susan was still in the grief of losing Uncle Robert.In her soft voice she told us about their past years.Uncle Robert joined the army shortly after they were engaged.Given the critical situation at the time when lots of army men didn’t return alive, you can imagine how much overjoyed Aunt Susan was to see Uncle Robert come back safe and sound from the European battlefield.Then they got married and brought up five children.For all those years, their affection for each other grew stronger in the course of overcoming difficulties and hardships in life.I was fascinated by Aunt Susan’s story, which was totally different from my ideal of love.They practiced giving and sharing in their daily life instead of pursuing passion and romance.Amazingly, such love lasted through their whole life.3.Happiness must have much to do with money.After all, a hard life will wear out one’s sense of joy.However, happiness doesn’t derive from money alone.Today’s society as a whole has seen dramatic improvement in the standard of living, and the majority of people are decently fed and clothed.However, are people happier today? In fact, when the mass media and commercial advertisements are still reinforcing the notion that to be happy is to possess more, people find themselves longing more earnestly than ever for a happy and healthy spiritual life: being loved, respected, feeling safe and proud of realizing their self-value.As a wise man once pointed out, happiness lies in the positive attitude one holds towards life other than how much money one earns.Those millionaires who view life as boring and empty serve as good negative examples.5.Scientific development has brought about global changes in educational thought.It not only generates such a new form of education as “virtual universities” but turns “lifelong learning” into a workable project.In addition, people today seem to be in favor of practical knowledge.But whatever changes there might have been, education must stick to its classic role: to enlighten learners.Confronted with the new problems of this century, we still expect that education should put more emphasis on cultivating learners' competence to think critically and to work collaboratively / with team spirit.Furthermore, we hope that education will take the responsibility of promoting traditional virtues by guiding learners to dispense with negative desires like greed, lust and violence.6.Once transplanted abroad, people will feel anxious and even lose the capacity to deal with daily routines.This problem is attributed to the disappearance of the surroundings we have been used to.Then, what should we do so as to change the life styles and patterns built up in us over so many years? First, we should be more tolerant towards people with cultural backgrounds different from ours.To get over frustrations caused by culture shock, we should try to adapt ourselves to the new environment and get along with our workmates harmoniously.Furthermore, we should never identify a person with the nationality he represents or proceed to hate the person’s culture only because we don’t like him.In fact, to preserve our national culture is not to resist foreign ones.8.In the modern society, how does competition work in combination with cooperation? Firstly, scarcity leads to competition.Players of the same football team compete for slots on the team, and this team competes against other teams for victory.In a work place, colleagues compete for higher positions.And also in business, firms become rivals for more consumers and a bigger market share.But meanwhile competition is inseparable from cooperation.Players have to cooperate efficiently with one another to win the championships for their team.Colleagues have to cooperate to accomplish their shared task.Firms try their best to cooperate to lobby the agencies of business administration for the greatest privileges.All in all, individuals as well as teams are subjected to both competition and cooperation.The two together nourish the social development so that we can enjoy a more prosperous and harmonious world.