第一篇：安徽省2012屆高考英語一輪復習 M3 Unit 8 Adventure精品學案 北師大版

Unit8 Adventure Module3 課堂點撥

on the fire與on fire ①on the/a fire在火上；

②on fire 著火

I'm hungry.Let's cook something to eat on a fire.我餓了。咱們在火上烤點東西吃吧。Look, the house is on fire.Let's call the police.瞧，房子著火了。咱們報警吧。

1、① play with fire 玩火 ② catch fire 著火 ③ make a fire 生火 ④ fire-alarm 火警警報器

⑤ fire-brigade 消防隊fire-fighter 消防隊員 ⑥ set sth.on fire＝set fire to sth.放火，縱火 完成句子。

1.幾個年輕人縱火焚燒警車。Several youths set fire to the police car.2.蠟燭把窗簾燃起來了。A candle set the curtains on fire.adventure與risk ① adventure n.強調“歷險”，指冒險經歷，奇遇 ② risk n.危險，風險，會帶來風險的人或事物；

vt.使……冒風險，冒……的風險

2、We had quite an adventure when we were on holiday in Europe.We got lost in the Alps.我們在歐洲旅行時遭遇了一次歷險。我們在阿爾卑斯山上迷路了。

If you go out in this weather, there is a risk of catching cold.用心

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在這種天氣外出有可能會感冒。① at one's own risk 自擔風險

② at the risk of doing sth.冒著做某事的危險 ③ risk one's health/fortune/life

冒喪失健康/財富/生命之險 ④ risk doing sth.冒險做某事 用risk, adventure的適當形式填空。

1.If you skate on thin ice there is a risk of your falling through.2.When you're a child, life is one big adventure.3.You're crazy to risk your money on an investment like that!完成句子。

4.我們受到忠告，在這種條件下不要冒險出行。We've been advised not to risk travelling in these conditions.5.湯姆在沙漠中有許多冒險經歷。Tom had a lot of adventures in the desert.3、prepare 準備；使適合 ① prepare sth.把某事準備好

prepare breakfast/lunch/supper(for sb.)② prepare sb.for 為……而輔導或訓練某人 ③ prepare to do sth.準備做某事

④ be prepared to do sth./be prepared for sth.準備好做某事

There was no news and we were prepared for the worst.由于沒有任何消息，我們做好了最壞的打算。漢譯英。

1.他正在準備明天集會的演說。

He is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow.2.你得承擔做這種工作的風險。

You have to be prepared to take risks in this kind of job.3.我愿意把書借給你，你得答應還給我。

I am prepared to lend you the book if you promise to return it.用心

愛心

專心

Does the key fit the lock? 4.他的經驗使他適合干這個工作。

His experience fitted him to do/for the job.用fit, match, suit的適當形式填空。5.The role does not suit him.6.The shoes do not fit me.You see, my feet hurt.7.It is difficult to find a time that suits everybody.8.The color of the shirt does not match that of the coat.9.They are equally matched in their knowledge of Chinese.10.You look nice in green.Green suits you.11.At golf they were very evenly matched.5、differ vi.不同，不一致

① differ from 表示“前者不同于后者”。Modern cars differ from the early ones.現代汽車不同于早期汽車。

② differ with表示“與……持不同意見”。We differ with him(on/over/about)that question.我們跟他在那個問題上意見不合。

③ differ in 表示“兩個以上的人或事在某個方面(如大小、顏色、價格、興趣等)有區別”。She and her sister differ in eye color.她跟她姐姐眼睛的顏色不同。① different adj.be different from/to與……不同

It was quite different from what I expected.它和我原來想的很不一樣。② difference n.make no difference(對某物)沒有影響；(對某人)不重要，無所謂 ③ tell the difference between…and… 分辨……和……的不同之處 漢譯英。

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她生病時受了不少罪。④ 完成，用光

He went through his salary in three days.他3天內把工資花光了。

① put sb./sth.through(to sb.)為某人接通(打給某個人的)電話 ② get through with sth.完成(工作等)③ look through sth.快速檢查/閱讀某事物 ④ look sth.through 仔細檢查某事物

⑤ see through sb./sth.看穿、識破某人/事

⑥ see sb.through sth.幫助、支持某人(渡過難關等)⑦ sweep through 蔓延，席卷 完成句子。

1.雨水濕透了我的上衣。The rain has gone through my coat.2.讓我們將這些論據再詳細討論一遍。Let's go through the argument again.3.既然我們已經開始干，我們就要干到底。

Since we have started it we shall have to go through with it.用through的有關短語的適當形式填空。

4.Her courage and good humour saw her through the bad times.5.I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn't get through.6.I looked/went through the newspaper but didn't find any ads for that product.7.You'd better go through the letters you received yesterday.8、get across 使理解(某事), 講清楚

The young scientist tried to get his new theory across.這位年輕的科學家設法讓人們理解他的新理論。Your meaning didn't really get across.你的意思并未真正為別人理解。

① get about/around/round(消息)傳播，走動 ② get along 進展，與……相處

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② break down(因故障等)失靈，失效 ③ break in 強行進入屋內；打斷 ④ break into 強行進入某處 ⑤ break out 突然發生

⑥ break through 突破，強行穿過 ⑦ break up 解散，瓦解

完成句子。

1.他們擺脫看守逃跑了。They broke away from the guards.2.機器壞了。

The machine broke down.3.注意聽，別老是插嘴。

Listen attentively;don't break in so often.4.我們把鑰匙丟了，只好破門而入。

We had to break into the house as we had lost the key.5.昨天此地附近發生了一場火災。A fire broke out near here yesterday.6.科學家們說，他們在防治癌癥方面開始有所突破。

Scientists say they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.7.警察制止了這場斗毆。The policeman broke up the fight.【提示】

英語中表示“爆發，發生，進行”等意義的詞或詞組均屬于不及物，因此均不能用于被動語態。常用的有：burst(感情等)突然發作；burst forth 向前迸發；burst out 突然發作(后常接doing)；burst into 突然發作(后常接名詞)；break out 爆發；happen 發生；take place 發生；go on 發生，進行；get on 進行。

11、prove vt.證明，證實 link-v.證明是…… ① prove sth.② prove(to sb.)that/what/where… ③ It is proved that-clause

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They carried on in spite of the difficult conditions.盡管條件困難，他們仍堅持下去。① carry out 進行，實行

We must carry out the plan to the full.我們必須不折不扣地執行計劃。

② carry through 完成，實現；使某人渡過難關 Having made a promise, you must carry it through.既已許下承諾，你必須履行它。完成句子。

1.繼續做你的針線活兒，我來給你讀一個故事。

Carry on with your sewing while I read you a story.2.他們堅決地執行了交給他們的任務。

They resolutely carried out the tasks assigned to them.3.他的勇氣會幫助他克服一切困難。His courage will carry him through all difficulties.4.進行這個實驗有些困難。

There is some difficulty in carrying out the experiment.5.我們明天繼續談。

We'll carry on our talk tomorrow.14、aim ① n.[C] 目標，目的；[U] 瞄準，射擊目標 His aim was to swim across the strait.他的目標是游過海峽。

② vi.目的是，打算；vt.& vi.瞄準

We aim at developing/to develop new models of machines.我們打算發展新式的機器。① take aim at sb./sth.The hunter took aim at the tiger.獵人瞄準了老虎。② with the aim of…為了……

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0

1.最近你注意到什么變化沒有？

Have you observed any changes lately? 2.有人看到他緊跟著她。

He was observed to follow her closely.16、But it's worth_waiting_for.(P25)

但是這值得等待。worth n.價值； 用處

worthy n.要人；知名人士 adj.值得尊敬的；值得贊賞的 worthless adj.無價值的；不重要的 worth, worthwhile與worthy ① worth表示“價值……”時，后接價值數量詞；當表示“值得”時，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞(不能接不定式)，常用well修飾，不用very。

② worthwhile意為“值得的”，指花時間、精力、金錢等去做某事是值得的。常見搭配： It's worthwhile doing sth.;It's worthwhile sb.doing sth.;It's worthwhile for sb.to do sth.③ worthy表示“有價值的；可尊敬的”時，常作定語；表示“值得”時，常作表語，結構為 worthy of sth., worthy后面還可接動名詞或不定式，結構分別是worthy of being done和worthy to be done。

用worth/worthy/worthwhile填空。

1.This vase was worth five hundred francs at the most.2.Everybody has roots.It is worthwhile to search for his roots.3.She proved herself a worthy successor of the former champion.4.This book is well worth reading and it is worthy of being read a second time.單項填空。

（）5.The scenery of Huangshan Mountain is so fantastic that it's worth______.A.to visit

B.visiting C.being visited

D.to be visited

（）1.(2010·四川卷)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling, ______turned out to be a wise decision.用心

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第二篇：安徽省2012屆高考英語一輪復習M5 Unit 13 People精品學案 北師大版

Unit13 People Module5 課堂點撥

1、concentrate vi.集中注意力；使集中

① concentrate(on/upon)把……集中在……上，專心致志于 You must concentrate on your work.你必須專心于你的工作。

② concentrate one's attention on/upon

I tried to concentrate my attention upon my chemical researches.我盡力專心于我的化學研究。

concentration n.專心，集中

This book will need all your concentration.讀這本書需要你專心。完成句子。

1.我決定全力以赴找個住的地方。

I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live.2.這本書需要全神貫注才能讀懂。

This book requires a great deal of concentration.2、draw up 草擬，制訂；(使)車、馬等停住 draw up a plan/a will/a contract 制訂計劃/寫下遺囑/起草合同 The car drew up at the door.汽車在門口停了下來。與draw相關的短語 draw apart分開，分手 draw away 拉開，離開；超過 draw in(火車等)進站 draw off 脫去(手套等)；撤退 draw on戴上(手套)；穿上(靴子等)draw out 拉長，拖長；提款；(火車等)離站

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3、predict vt.預言，預報

It is virtually impossible to predict the future accurately.精確預言未來的事實際上是辦不到的。prediction n.預言，預報

predictor n.進行預測的人(預言家)或者儀器 predictable adj.可預測的 predictable result 可預測的結果

4、deserve(＝be worthy of)vt.&vi.應受，值得；應該得到

① deserve punishment/reward 應受處罰/獎賞 ② You deserve it.這是你應得的。③ deserve to do/to be done ④ deserve to do 應該

⑤ to deserve ill/well of 有罪/功于 漢譯英。

1.他應該得到父母的表揚。

He deserves praise from his parents/to be praised by his parents.2.應該再給他一次機會。

He deserves another chance.5、end up 結束；最終成為；最后處于 The politician finally ended up his speech.這位政治家終于結束了演說。

① end up ＋ prep.② end up doing ③ end up ＋ adj.④ end up as… end up, end with與end in ① end up有“以……告終”之意，常暗含不好或指到達的最終狀態；② end with指“以……結束”(事先安排)； ③ end in指“在……當中結束”(不好的結果)。完成句子。

1.如果你繼續偷下去，終有一天你會坐牢的。

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求、索取，如：claim the right to manage one's own affairs 索回自己處理自己事務的權利； ④ request(正式或禮貌的)要求，請求

8、accuse vt.指責，控告

accuse sb.of carelessness指責某人粗心

He is accused of stealing money from his workplace.他被指控從單位偷錢。同義詞：charge sb.with sth.漢譯英。

他被指控犯了謀殺罪。

He was charged with murder./ He was accused of murder.missing與lost ① missing指“缺失的，失蹤的”。

The book has two pages missing.這本書缺了兩頁。

② lost指“迷途的；失去的，丟失的，喪失的”，與missing相比，lost表“丟失”時多指“已證實不能找回”。

a lost opportunity錯過的機會

one‘s lost youth逝去的青春

a lost pen遺失的鋼筆

9、用missing, lost的適當形式填空。

1.My dog has been missing for a whole day.Did you happen to see him anywhere? 2.Don't bother to search for it.It has been lost.glare at, glance at與stare at ①glare at 怒視

He glared at me as if I were his enemy.他怒視著我，似乎我是他的敵人。②glance at＝glimpse at 瞥一眼

He glanced at his watch, knowing it was time to leave.他看了下表，知道該離開了。③stare at 睜大眼睛盯著，也有凝視之意

Don't stare at others all the time.It's impolite.不要總盯著別人看，這是不禮貌的。

用心

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專心

漢譯英。

1.能和別人談談這件事，感到舒心多了。

It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.2.令我非常慶幸的是車并沒有損壞。

Much to my relief the car was not damaged.13、whisper vt.，vi.&n.耳語，密談；颯颯響 He said it in a whisper so I did not hear.他是悄聲說的，所以我沒有聽見。① whisper to sb.對某人竊竊私語 ② whisper about sth.密談某事

14、devote vt.奉獻

devote oneself/sth.to sb./sth., 表示為某物/人付出時間/精力 ① be devoted to(doing)sth.忠誠于；貢獻給；被用于 ② devoted adj.熱心的，全心全意的＝loyal ③ devotion(to)n.摯愛；關愛；奉獻；忠誠；專心 漢譯英。

1.他將一生奉獻給了音樂。(devote… to…)

He devoted himself entirely to music.2.她深愛著她的孩子們。(be devoted to)

She is devoted to her children.3.他對妻子和家人的關愛感人至深。(devotion)

His devotion to his wife and family is touching.4.她是一位全心全意奉獻的母親。(devoted)

She is a devoted mother.5.請把更多的時間用于工作。(devote)

Please devote more time to your work.15、influence n．&vt.影響，作用；感化力；勢力

She used her influence with the chairman to get me the job.她利用對主席的影響使我得到了這份工作。

① have an influence on 對……有影響

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D It為形式主語，that引導主語從句。

It's_generally_believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.(P9)（）3.(2010·浙江卷)Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun.Isn't it rather risky, ______？

A.though

B.also

C.either

D.too A 根據句意：在冰場上玩耍聽起來很有趣。然而會不會有危險呢？前后兩句之前是明顯的轉折關系，所以選擇though。

Let me tell you the rest of the story, though.(P14)如何增加亮點(Ⅰ)

要想把一篇文章寫好、寫完美，并列句、復合句的使用固然給文章潤色不少，但是高效詞匯和復雜句型的使用更能給文章增加亮點。具體說來，可以嘗試以下方法：

1.交叉使用長句與短句

根據實際情況在文章中交替使用長句與短句，使文章顯得錯落有致，這樣不僅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章讀起來鏗鏘有力。

[例]中午我們在太陽下吃野餐。休息一會兒后，我們唱歌的唱歌，跳舞的跳舞，還有的講故事、下棋，大家玩得很開心。

[一般句]At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine.Then we had a short rest.Then we began to play happily.We sang and danced.Some told stories.Some played chess.[優秀句]At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine.After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling stories and playing chess.2.避免同一詞語的重復使用

為了使文章更生動、更富表現力，同學們在寫作時應盡量避免重復使用同一詞語來表示同一意思，如有的同學一看到“喜歡”二字，就會立刻想起like，事實上，英語中表示類似意思的詞和短語很多，如love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。[例]我喜歡讀書，而我的弟弟喜歡看電視。

[一般句]I like reading while my brother likes watching television.[優秀句]I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.3.適當使用短語代替單詞 [例]他已決定長大了當老師。

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第三篇：安徽省2012屆高考英語一輪復習M6 Unit 17 Laughter精品學案 北師大版

Unit17 LaughterModule6 課堂點撥

1、amuse vt.娛樂，使……高興，使……發笑 ① amuse sb.by/with sth.用……取悅/逗樂

The teacher amused the children with a story.老師講故事取悅孩子們。

② amuse oneself by/with doing sth.靠……消遣，取樂，自娛，解悶 ③ amusement n.文娛活動，娛樂，消遣

Big cities have theatres, films, basketball matches and many other amusements.大城市有戲劇、電影、籃球比賽以及許多其他的娛樂活動。④ do sth.for amusement 做某事以消遣 ⑤ amusement park 游樂園 ⑥ amusing adj.有趣的 漢譯英。

1.小丑的滑稽表演逗得我們哈哈大笑。

We were all highly amused by the comedian's antics.2.體育運動不應純粹看成是娛樂。

Sports should not be treated only as amusements.3.他通過閱讀疑案故事來消遣。He amused himself by reading mysteries.4.他的主要消遣是看小說。His chief amusement is reading novels.2、overlook vi.俯瞰；忽視，不理會

He overlooked the spelling mistakes.他忽視了拼寫錯誤。類似組合的詞

overcome戰勝，克服，勝過，征服

overload 超載

overhang 懸掛

overhead 在頭頂上(的)

overweight超重的 over-optimistic 過分樂觀

overconfident過分自信

overanxious 過于急切

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專心overjoyed 十分高興的overcast陰云密布的 overproduction 生產過剩

overtime加班 漢譯英。

1.你不能小看那個問題。You can't overlook that problem.2.山上的房屋俯視村莊。

The house on the hill overlooks the village.3、delay ① vt.拖延，延誤，延遲，耽擱 The heavy rain delayed our journey.大雨耽擱了我們的行程。delay doing sth.推遲做某事 ② vi.延緩

I have again delayed long in answering your letter.我又遲遲沒給你回信。③ n.[U] 延遲

There must be no delay in forwarding the goods.發送貨物不得延誤。

without delay 毫不遲疑地，馬上 delay, postpone與put off ① delay強調因某種困難或障礙而延誤，動作主體是困難本身，延遲的時間不確定。② postpone或put off：動作主體是人，表示有意識地推遲、延遲，時間確定。完成句子。

1．索賠從速，逾期利益可能受損。

Don't delay claiming or you may lose benefit.2．得知母親生病的消息，她馬上趕回家。

Knowing that her mother was ill, she went back home without delay.用delay, postpone, put off的適當形式填空。

3.My father fell ill all of a sudden, which delayed our trip.4.Because of the heavy rain, we have decided to postponed/put off our sports meeting until next 用心

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It has got dark when he got home.用get的相關詞組填空。1.昨天我收到我兄弟的來信。

I got a letter from my brother yesterday.2.我正準備去理發。I'm going to get my hair cut.3.他到家時，天已黑了。

It has got dark when he got home.4.情況正在好轉。Things are getting better.5.我是1980年認識他的。I got to know him in 1980.6.這種生活我已經習慣了。

I've got used to this kind of life.6、from time to time 不時地

同義詞：occasionally, often, once in a while, now and then, now and again, at times time短語

① as time goes on 隨著時間的流逝

② save time 節省時間

③ at a time 同時(＝at the same time)；一次 ④ at any time 隨時；在任何時候 ⑤ at one time 過去；曾經 ⑥ for the time being 當前，暫時 ⑦ for a time 一時，一度

⑧ have a good time 過得很好，玩得開心 ⑨ in no time 很快地

⑩ all the time 一直，始終，老是

? at all times 隨時，不論什么時候；總是，始終 ? at no time 從不，從來沒有 ? in time 不太晚；及時；遲早

on time 準時；不早不晚

? kill time 消磨時間

? in spare time 業余時間 ? take your time 不要著急；慢慢地做

用心

愛心

專心

3.我們仍想不出怎樣去做這件事。

We still haven't figured out how to do it.8、resist vt.反抗，抵抗，抵制；忍得住 He is in good health — he is able to resist diseases.他身體健康，能抵抗疾病。① resist invasion 抵抗侵略 ② resist temptation 抵制誘惑

③ can't resist/help doing sth.禁不住干某事 ④ resist doing sth.抵制干某事 漢譯英。

1.巧克力太美味了，我真是無法抵擋。

Chocolates are so tasty that I can't resist them.2.她只要是在商場，就會忍不住買東西。

As long as she is in the store, she can't resist/help buying things.9、forbid(forbade, forbidden)vt.禁止，不許 ① forbid sth.Lack of time forbids any further discussion at the point.由于時間不夠，現在不能深入討論這個問題。

② forbid sb.to do sth/forbid sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 I forbid you to tell/from telling anyone.我不許你告訴任何人。③ Forbidden City 紫禁城 漢譯英。

1.這里不許停車。Parking is forbidden here.2.我的老師不準我上課睡覺。(一句多譯)My teacher forbade me to sleep in class.My teacher forbade me from sleeping in class.My teacher forbade my sleeping in class.10、run into(run，ran，run)跑進；陷入；偶然遇見(＝come across)用心

愛心

專心

I have nothing further to say in this regard.在這方面，我沒什么要說的了。

③ in/with regard to sb./sth.關于；至于 完成句子。

1.人們認為他是鎮里最好的牙醫。

He was regarded as the best dentist in the town.2.他不顧及我在此事上的感情繼續往下說。

He continued speaking, regardless of my feelings on the matter.12、astonish vt.使某人驚訝(賓語必須是人，相當于surprise)① astonishment n.吃驚 ② astonishing adj.令人驚訝的 ③ astonished adj.(感到)吃驚/驚訝的 用astonish的適當形式填空。

I find it absolutely astonishing that you didn‘t like it.2.She astonished us by saying she was leaving.3.My parents looked astonished at my news.13、convince vt.使(人)確信；使(人)信服(賓語必須是人，常用被動語態)① convince sb.of sth./convince that 使某人相信 ② convince sb.to do sth.說服某人做某事 完成句子。

1.他們試圖說服他買一輛更便宜的車。

They tried to convince him to buy a cheaper car.2.他終于相信他錯了。

He is finally convinced that he is wrong.14、starve ① vi.挨餓 starve to death 餓死 starve sb./into(doing)sth.斷絕食物(或資金)來源以迫使某人(做)某事

starve sb./sth.of sth.用心

愛心

專心

① for sb.'s good 為了某人好 I am telling you this for your good.我告訴你這個是為你好。② good of the public 公眾的利益 漢譯英。

這藥對你有好處。This medicine does you good.17、But before I could catch any of the creatures, I felt a hundred needles stick into my hand.(P26)

但我還沒來得及抓住任何一個小人，我就覺得有上百顆針扎進了我的手上。

before conj.在……之前；還沒來得及 …… 就；趁……(還沒有)prep.前面(＝in front of), 在……以前(＝earlier than)；adv.以前(＝at an earlier time/in the past)用于It ＋ be ＋ 時間段 ＋ before…句型中，意思是“在……之后才……”。如果主句中用否定式，則表示“不多久……就”。強調的是時間的先后順序；…not…until…句型則表示“……直到……才”，強調與以前的情況相反。完成句子。

1.不等我說一句話，她就沖出了房間。

Before I could say a word，she had stormed out of the room.2.他們不久就會互相了解的。

It won't be long before they understand each other.3.他們正在考慮趁房價未漲時把房子買下來。

They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.4.凡事在成熟前，都是有苦味的。

There is nothing that has not been bitter before being ripe.用before, until填空。

5.The noise of the street didn't stop until midnight.6.It will be some time before we know the full results.7.It was not until he told me that I knew it.8.The children played on the playground until/till it was dark.單項填空。

（）9.The American Civil War lasted four years ______ the North won in the end.A.before

B.when 用心

愛心

專心

0and mental health.A．of;at

B．by;in

C．of;on

D．on；at C be convinced of… “相信……”。

…Rowan was not convinced himself, until he met a group of talented people…(P25)

用心

愛心

專心

第四篇：安徽省2012屆高考英語一輪復習M7 Unit 20 New Frontiers精品學案 北師大版

Unit20 New Frontiers Module7 課堂點撥

1、conflict ① n.沖突，爭執，矛盾

The government has done nothing to solve the conflict over workers' pay.政府未采取任何措施來解決工人工資問題引起的沖突。come into conflict發生沖突/爭執

John often comes into conflict with his boss.約翰經常和他的老板發生爭執。② v．沖突，抵觸

conflict with sb./sth.與……有分歧 These results conflict with earlier findings.這些結果與早期的發現相矛盾。完成句子。

1.你的請求與我的職責相抵觸。Your request conflicts with my duties.2.這兩個室友經常鬧矛盾。

These two roommates often come into conflict.3.民主原則有時與政治現實發生沖突。

The principles of democracy are sometimes in conflict with political reality.2、electronic adj.電子的

The firm is Britain's main producer of electronic equipment.該公司是英國主要的電子設備制造廠家。

① electronic music 電子音樂/electronic organ 電子琴/electronic computer 電子計算機② electricity n．[U]電，電流 ③ electrician n．電工 electronic, electric與electrical ① electronic電子的，和電子有關的 electronic industry電子工業

用心

愛心

專心

② electric電的，用電的，帶電的

指任何電動的或發電的裝置，被修飾的物體本身可帶電。如：electric light，electric stove，electric piano，electric motor，electric bell。③ electrical電的，與電有關的，電氣科學的 指與電有關的事物，被修飾的詞本身并不能帶電。

如：electrical engineer, electrical energy, electrical engineering。用electric, electrical, electronic填空。

1.There are many electronic products in the supermarket.2.The killer was put to death in the electric chair in the film.3．All the electrical work is done by George.4．Please connect the two electric wires.5．He buried himself in an electronic book.6．This dictionary is available in electronic version.3、take over 接手，接替，接管；控制

The firm has been taken over by an American conglomerate.該公司已被美國一家企業集團接管。

take短語

① take after sb.與某人像 ② take care 小心 ③ take off 起飛 ④ take on 流行；呈現 ⑤ take in 收留；欺騙

⑥ take…by surprise 讓……大吃一驚，突然襲擊 ⑦ take up 填滿，占據；從事

⑧ take sth.for granted 想當然，認為某事是當然的 用take短語適當的形式完成句子。1.He was homeless, so we took him in.2.Don't trust that man;he'll take you in if he gets the chance.3.The factory has taken on a new look.4.I won't take up any more of your time.用心

愛心

專心

第五篇：高考英語一輪復習冠詞教學案

第一部分 語法知識及運用

專題1 冠詞 考綱展示 命題探究

考點一 冠詞的基本用法

基礎點 不定冠詞的基本用法

(1)不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式，常位于名詞或名詞的修飾語前。當緊跟不定冠詞的單詞的第一個音素為輔音音素(注意：不是輔音字母)時，用a；而當緊跟不定冠詞的單詞的第．．．．．．．．．．一個音素為元音音素(注意：不是元音字母)時，用an。．．．．．．．．．．a university student 一個大學生 a European writer 一位歐洲作家 an honest boy 一個誠實的男孩 an ugly man 一個丑陋的人

(2)泛指某個或某類人或物，或者未提到的，對方不熟悉的人或物。I was born in a small village in Hebei Province.我出生在河北的一個小村莊。

(3)用在第一次提到的人或物的名詞前，表泛指。

At that time, I was working in a factory.The factory produces car parts.那時，我在一家工廠工作。那家工廠生產各種汽車部件。(4)表示“一”“每一”“同一”或“某一”概念。I will return in a day or two.(＝one)我將在一兩天后返回。

The car can run 200 kilometres an hour.(＝per)這種車每小時能行駛200公里。They are of an age.(＝the same)他們年齡相同。

A Mr Smith is waiting for you.(＝a certain)一個叫史密斯的先生在等你。2 定冠詞的基本用法

(1)用于上文已經提到過的，或從語境中可判斷出談話雙方都知道的人或物前。

He bought a house.I've been to the house.他買了幢房子。我去過那幢房子。Take the medicine.把藥吃了。

(2)用于單數可數名詞或形容詞及分詞前，表“一類人或物”。Who invented the_telephone? 誰發明了電話？

After the explosion, people rushed to help the_injured.爆炸發生后，人們趕到現場幫助受傷的人。

(3)用于序數詞、形容詞/副詞最高級以及形容詞only, very, same等前面。Is this the_first_time you have visited Beijing? 這是你第一次游覽北京嗎？

He runs the_fastest in his class.他是他班跑得最快的。

That's the_very_thing I've been looking for.那正是我要找的東西。

特別提醒

(1)副詞的最高級前the可有可無。He runs(the)fastest in his school.他是全校中跑得最快的。

(2)序數詞前面也可用不定冠詞，但意義與用定冠詞不同。I have failed twice, but I'll try a third time.我失敗兩次了，但我還要再試一次。(強調再一次)March is the third month of a year.三月是一年的第三個月。(強調次序)(4)用于表示姓氏的復數名詞前，表示“一家人”或“夫婦倆”。The_Smiths lived in the apartment above ours.史密斯夫婦住在我們樓上的公寓里。

(5)用于宇宙中獨一無二的事物、西洋樂器名詞和方位名詞前。the moon月亮

play the piano 彈鋼琴 the west 西部

(6)用于表示朝代、年代的名詞前，或用于整十的數詞復數前，表示某個年代。the Ming Dynasty 明朝

in the 1990s或1990's 在20世紀90年代

特別提醒

表示“某人……歲”時，則用“in＋one's＋整十的數詞復數”。in his fifties 在他50多歲時

(7)用在表度量單位的名詞前，表示“按……計算”。

by the hour 按小時 by the day 按天

特別提醒

如size, weight, time這類名詞與by連用時不用冠詞。by size 按大小 by weight 按重量

(8)用于固定結構“動詞＋sb.＋介詞＋the＋身體部位”中。hit sb.on the head 打某人的頭 take sb.by the arm 抓某人的胳膊 3 零冠詞的基本用法

(1)用于不可數名詞、復數名詞或專有名詞前表示泛指，用零冠詞。Man needs air_and_water.人類需要空氣和水。They are teachers.他們是老師。Beijing 北京

特別提醒

高考中常見的純不可數名詞，它們是：baggage, luggage, furniture, health, weather, fun, space(太空), advice, word(＝news), progress, information, luck, wealth(財產)等。以上不可數名詞永遠不能與不定冠詞連用。

(2)用于表示無特指意義的季節、月份、日期、星期和三餐的名詞，及球類、棋類和學科名詞前。

in spring 在春天 on Sunday 在周日 have breakfast 吃早餐 play football 踢足球 play chess 下棋

I'm very interested in English.我對英語很感興趣。

(3)名詞前已有this, that, my, your, some, each, no, any等指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、限定詞以及名詞所有格等限定時不再用冠詞。

She is not my type of woman.她不是我心目中的那類女人。

His heart was beating wildly with fear.他的心因害怕而狂跳不已。

(4)表示獨一無二的頭銜和職位名詞作表語、補足語或同位語時。Mr Smith was elected president of our school.史密斯先生被選為我校校長。

重難點 不定冠詞的特殊位置

(1)如果名詞前用了many, such等具有限定意義的詞和表示感嘆的what等詞，a(an)必須放在這些詞后面，語序為：many/such/what a(an)．..I have never seen such_an interesting film.我從來沒看過這么有趣的電影。What_a clever boy he is!他是個多么聰明的男孩啊！

(2)副詞quite和rather同形容詞連用修飾名詞時，quite要置于不定冠詞a/an之前，rather可置于不定冠詞a/an之前，也可置于其后。

It's quite_a small house.這是一所相當小的房子。

That's rather_a/a_rather sudden change.那一變化相當突然。

(3)當單數可數名詞之前的形容詞有so, too, as, how等副詞修飾時，a(an)必須放在形容詞之后，詞序為：so/too/as/how/...＋形容詞＋a(an)．..She is so_good_a_girl that all the people like her.她是如此好的女孩，所有人都喜歡她。2 定冠詞的特殊位置

在名詞詞組中，定冠詞一般放在最前面，但名詞詞組中如果有exactly, just, half, double, twice, all, both等修飾語，定冠詞要放在這些詞后面。

exactly_the same color 完全相同的顏色 just_the right place 就是這個地方 half_the story 故事的一半 double_the amount 雙倍的量 3 零冠詞的特殊用法

(1)turn(變成)后的單數名詞作表語不用冠詞。但名詞前若有形容詞作定語時，則必須加冠詞。

His brother has turned_writer.他弟弟已成為一名作家。

Later she turned_a_successful_singer.后來她成了一名成功的歌手。

(2)在“表示類型的名詞＋of...”這一結構中of后的可數名詞單數前不用冠詞。This_kind_of_question often appears in the exam.此類問題在考試中經常出現。

(3)“零冠詞＋可數名詞單數＋as/though＋主語＋謂語＋主句”意為“盡管/雖然……但是……”。

Hero_as_he_is,_he has some shortcomings.盡管他是個英雄，但是他也有一些缺點。

(4)用在獨立主格結構中的某一形式中。

The teacher came in, book_in_hand(＝with a book in his hand)． 老師手里拿著一本書走了進來。

(5)與by連用的表示交通工具和通訊工具的名詞之前不用冠詞。It's quicker by_air than by_sea.乘飛機比乘船快。

[考法綜述] 冠詞的基本用法，尤其是冠詞的泛指和特指在語篇型語法填空和短文改錯中常會涉及，近五年就考查了48次之多，由此可見其重要性。

命題法1 考查冠詞的泛指和特指

典例1 I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilson's because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.[答案] the;a 句意：我不能告訴你去威爾遜家的路，因為我們村里沒有一個叫威爾遜的人。第一空特指去威爾遜家的路，故填the;第二空為泛指“一個叫威爾遜的人”，故填a。

典例2 Besides, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.________________________________________________________ [答案] average前的a改為an average以元音音素/?/開頭，故用an。

【解題法】 冠詞表泛指和特指時的必備知識和一般解題思路

(1)首先要了解冠詞的泛指和特指：不定冠詞用在首次提到的或不限定的單數可數名詞前表泛指；定冠詞用在上文提到的人或物前，或是被限制性修飾語加以限定的人或物前，也可指雙方所默認的特定的人或物的名詞前表特指。

(2)在語法填空中，考查冠詞時是不給提示詞的，因而可先從形式上去判斷，然后觀察空格后部分的中心詞是否是名詞或相當于名詞的詞或短語，因為冠詞唯一的作用就是用來修飾名詞的。

(3)在短文改錯中，當名詞前有不定冠詞時，要格外注意使用a還是an，以其后所跟單詞的開頭音素而不是其開頭字母為依據。因此在平時學習中，務必要注意掌握單詞的發音。

命題法2 考查冠詞與一些特定詞的基本用法

典例3 The adobe dwellings(土坯房)built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ________ most modern of architects and engineers.[答案] the 句意：由美國西南部的普韋布洛印第安人建造的土坯房甚至受到了(當今世界上)最前衛的建筑師和工程師的青睞。根據句意和空后的最高級標志詞most可知此處表示“最……的”，故填the。

典例4 Tomorrow is first day of school.________________________________________________________ [答案] first前加the 序數詞通常和定冠詞the搭配。

【解題法】 冠詞與特定詞搭配時的必備知識和一般解題思路

(1)通常情況下，形容詞比較級前不用冠詞；形容詞最高級、序數詞及表示世界上獨一無二的事物的名詞前用定冠詞the。

(2)在語法填空中，考查冠詞時是不給提示詞的，因而可以從形式上判斷，然后觀察空格后部分是否是形容詞最高級、序數詞或表示世界上獨一無二的事物的名詞。

(3)在短文改錯中，常考查冠詞的錯用和漏用，形容詞比較級前常不用冠詞；形容詞最高級，序數詞及表示世界上獨一無二的事物的名詞前常用定冠詞the。

A．單句填空

1．I just heard ________ bank where Dora works was robbed by ________ gunman wearing a mask.答案 the;a [句意：我剛聽說Dora工作的銀行被一個戴著面罩的持槍歹徒搶了。第一空，句中where引導的定語從句修飾bank，由此可知這里特指Dora工作的銀行，故用定冠詞；第二空，泛指“一個持槍歹徒”，因此用不定冠詞。] 2．He owned ________ farm, which looked almost abandoned.答案 a [句意：他擁有一家看起來幾乎荒蕪的農場。farm在句中是第一次出現，而且表示泛指，所以用不定冠詞。] 3．________village where I was born has grown into________ town.答案 The;a [句意：我出生的那個村莊已經變成一個城鎮了。由village后的定語從句where I was born可知這里特指“我”出生的村莊，用定冠詞the；第二空后town為可數名詞，在本句中表泛指，泛指一個城鎮，故用不定冠詞a。] 4．The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ________week, often long into ________night.答案 a;the [句意：論文下個月要上交了。我現在每周工作七天，經常工作到深夜。第一空表示“每一”，故用不定冠詞a；第二空是固定搭配long into the night，意為“直到深夜”，故用定冠詞the。] 5．They chose Tom to be ________captain of the team because they knew he was ________ smart leader.答案 the;a [句意：他們選擇湯姆為這個隊的隊長，因為他們知道他是一個聰明的領導。第一空后的名詞captain是特指，特指這個隊的隊長，故用定冠詞the；第二空后的名詞leader表示泛指，故用不定冠詞a。] 6．We can become ________ smart shopper by choosing for value, not for looks;in other words, choose good quality goods with plain packages.答案 a [句意：如果我們買東西是為了價值而不是為了包裝，那么我們就能成為一個明智的消費者；也就是說，應選擇普通包裝的質量好的產品。shopper為單數可數名詞，此處泛指“一個明智的消費者”，故填不定冠詞a。] 7．________ news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.答案 The [句意：市長來我們學校參觀的新聞昨天通過收音機發布了。名詞news后有介詞短語修飾，起限定作用，表特指，故填The。] 8．In Germany, ________ successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”，has been running with a great success.答案 a [句意：在德國，一個名為“領養祖父母”的項目已成功運行。project為單數可數名詞，此處意為“一個成功的項目”，表泛指，故填不定冠詞a。] 9．—Mom, why can't I have ________ new bike? —Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees.答案 a [句意：——媽媽，我為什么不能要一輛新自行車？——親愛的，你要知道，賺錢可不是件容易的事。bike為單數可數名詞，是首次提到，此處表泛指，故用不定冠詞a。] 10．________ wish always remains unrealistic that you can come first in the final exam when you make no efforts at all.答案 The [句意：你不付出任何努力而想在期末考試中得第一名的愿望是不現實的。wish后有that引導的同位語從句修飾，表特指，故填定冠詞The。] B．單句改錯

1．Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be Beethoven.________________________________________________________ 答案 在Beethoven前加a [此處表示泛指“一個像貝多芬的人”。] 2．She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on a top floor.________________________________________________________ 答案 把第二個a→the [floor前有top修飾，此處表示特指，故用the。] 3．Life is like a ocean;only the strong－willed can reach the other shore.________________________________________________________ 答案 a→an [ocean是以元音音素開頭的單詞，且此處表泛指，故用an。] 4．A best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.________________________________________________________ 答案 A→The [best為最高級，故用the。] 5．An exact year which Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.________________________________________________________ 答案 An→The [year后有定語修飾，表示特指，故用the。] 6．I think good habit that in our spare time we read more books of great use.________________________________________________________ 答案 good前加a [ habit意為“習慣”，是可數名詞，此處為泛指，故用不定冠詞a修飾。] 7．Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student in a ordinary school.________________________________________________________ 答案 第二個a→an [ordinary是以元音音素開頭的形容詞，故其前應用不定冠詞an。]

8．Last Sunday I saw a worst storm in years.It came suddenly and went on for over three hours.________________________________________________________ 答案 a→the [根據in years可知，此處表示“最嚴重的暴風雨”，形容詞最高級前應加定冠詞the。] 9．Rock climbing is great fun.You will get close to the nature and take adventures at the same time.________________________________________________________ 答案 第一個the去掉 [nature意為“自然，自然界”時，其前不能加冠詞。] 10．Once you click the button, a e－mail will be sent to you via your e－mail address.________________________________________________________ 答案 a→an [e－mail是以元音音素開頭的名詞，故其前應用不定冠詞an。]

考點二 冠詞的習慣用語或固定搭配

基礎點 不定冠詞的習慣用語或固定搭配 as a result 因此

as a rule 通常，照例 in a hurry 匆忙地 in a word 總之

at a loss 困惑，不知所措 for a while 暫時，一時 all of a sudden 突然 What a pity!真遺憾！

have a population of 有……人口 have a history of 有……的歷史 a collection of 一批…… a knowledge of(＝know)知道

an understanding of(＝understand)懂得 2 定冠詞的習慣用語或固定搭配 in the end 最后，終于

make the most/best of 充分利用 in the distance 在遠處 in the way 擋路 on the whole 總之

on the right/left 在右/左面 at the same time 同時

as a matter of fact 事實上 after a while 一會兒后 in a sense 在某種意義上 once in a while 偶爾 at a distance 離一段距離 once upon a time 從前 a waste of...……的浪費

at the moment 此刻

go to the doctor's 去看醫生 by the way 順便說，附帶地說說

the other day(＝a few days ago)幾天前 on the radio/phone 通過無線電/電話 on the spot在場，到場；立即，馬上；當場 to tell(you)the truth 說實話，老實說 go to the cinema 去看電影

on(the)one hand..., on the other hand...一方面……，另一方面…… 3 零冠詞的習慣用法或固定搭配 under repair處于維修中 day and night 整天整夜 out of control 失控

in danger 處于危險之中 at present 目前 in peace平靜 on purpose 故意 ahead of time 提前 by law 根據法律

有無冠詞意義不同的習慣用語或搭配

??sit at table 坐在桌旁吃飯???sit at the table 坐在桌子旁??at school 在上學???at the school 在學校

lose heart 灰心 out of work 失業 at risk 有危險 take part in 參加 by chance/accident 碰巧 on second thoughts 再一想 in advance 提前 by mistake 由于差錯 重難點

不一定在吃飯

不一定是上學

??in hospital 在住院??in the hospital 在醫院里???in prison 坐牢??in the prison 在監獄里???by sea 乘船由海路??by the sea 在海邊???in front of 在??in the front of 在?

不一定是病人

不一定是罪犯

外部的前面

內部的前面

??out of question 沒問題，毫無疑問??out of the question 不可能??in charge of 負責，掌管????in the charge of 在……的掌管之下

??in possession of 擁有??in the possession of 為……所擁有???go to church 去做禮拜??go to the church 去教堂???go to school 去上學??go to the school 去學校?

[考法綜述] 冠詞的習慣用語及固定搭配是高考語篇型語法填空及短文改錯的常考點，近五年考查了13次，是考查重點之一。

命題法 考查冠詞的習慣用語及固定搭配

典例1 Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half ________ hour.[答案] an 句意：簡非常匆忙，因為到達機場的列車將在半小時之后開車。half an hour為習慣用法，意為“半小時”。

典例2 Since then—for all these years—we have been allowing tomatoes to self－seed where they please.As result, the plants are growing everywhere.________________________________________________________ [答案] result前加a as a result為固定短語，意為“因此”，故在result前加a。

【解題法】 冠詞的習慣用語及固定搭配的必備知識和一般解題思路(1)首先要熟練掌握不定冠詞，定冠詞及零冠詞的習慣用語及固定搭配。

(2)在語法填空中，考查冠詞的習慣用語及固定搭配時，是不給提示詞的，因而可以根據語境來確定習慣用語及固定搭配的冠詞。

(3)在短文改錯中，考查冠詞的習慣用語及固定搭配，主要體現在考生因固定思維模式或漢語語言的影響而對冠詞的錯用、漏用和多用。

A．單句填空

1．Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in ________ countryside.答案 the [句意：現在我生活在一座城市，但是我想念農村的家鄉。in the countryside為固定短語，意為“在鄉下，在農村”。故填定冠詞the。] 2．________more learned a man is, ________ more modest he usually becomes.答案 The;the [句意：一個人越博學，他通常會變得越謙遜。根據句子結構來判斷，此句使用了“The＋形容詞/副詞比較級…，the＋形容詞/副詞比較級…”結構，意思是“越……，越……”。] 3．Jane's grandmother had wanted to write ________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way.答案 a;the [句意：多年來，簡的祖母一直想寫一本兒童讀物，但由于種種原因耽

擱下來了。第一空，book是可數名詞，此處表泛指，用不定冠詞a；第二空，in the way是固定詞組，意為“擋路，妨礙”。故填a;the。] 4．Starting your own business could be a way to achieve financial independence.On ________ other hand, it could just put you in debt.答案 the [句意：自己創業可能是使你獲得經濟獨立的一種方式。另一方面，它也可能讓你欠債。on the other hand為固定短語，意為“另一方面”，故填定冠詞the。] 5．We'll reach the sales targets in a month which we set at ________ beginning of the year.答案 the [句意：我們將在一個月內實現我們年初制訂的銷售目標。at the beginning of為固定短語，意為“在……之初”，故填定冠詞the。] 6．I thought I'd better have ________ word with you about the task to be done.答案 a [句意：我想我最好跟你談一下關于這項要做的任務。have a word with sb.“和某人談一談”為固定搭配。] 7．With the development of society, our country is badly in need of those with ________ better command of computer skills.答案 a [句意：隨著社會的發展，我們國家非常需要那些可以進行電腦操作的人才。with a command of...為慣用搭配，意為“掌握……”，故填不定冠詞a。] 8．We slept in a tent and took ________ long walk every day.答案 a [句意：我們睡在帳篷里，每天步行很長的路。take a walk為固定搭配，意為“散步；走路”。] 9．The tour will provide ________ unique opportunity to stay with a British family for a week in ________ hope that you will better understand the life there.答案 a；the [句意：這次旅游會提供給你一個和英國家庭生活一周的獨特機會，希望你對那里的生活有一個更好的了解。“機會”強調的是一次，所以填不定冠詞a；in the hope that為固定用法，意為“懷著……的希望”。] 10．If you don't have ________ good knowledge of English, it's out of the question for you to use it flexibly and fluently.答案 a [句意：如果你對英語的掌握不夠好，你就不可能靈活、流利地使用它。have a good knowledge of是固定短語，意為“精通；掌握”。] B．單句改錯

1．I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.________________________________________________________ 答案 hurry前加a [in a hurry是固定短語，意為“匆忙”。] 2．The next morning Jason went to the office for his papers as an usual.________________________________________________________ 答案 把an去掉 [as usual為固定短語，意為“像通常一樣”。] 3．Now, years later, this river is one of most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.________________________________________________________

答案 most前加the [根據one of知后面是形容詞的最高級，因此most前加定冠詞the。] 4．In the fact, hunters would stop and take pictures, because they had never seen anything like her.________________________________________________________ 答案 把the去掉 [In fact為固定短語，意為“事實上，實際上”。] 5.At an end of the day, she returned to take me back to my accommodation.________________________________________________________ 答案 an→the [at the end of為固定短語，意為“在……結尾，在……末端”。] 6．I tried to appear at the ease when the foreign guest greeted me by kissing me on the cheek.________________________________________________________ 答案 去掉第一個the [at ease“自由自在，無拘無束”，固定搭配。] 7．The driver was at loss when word came that he was forbidden to drive because of speeding.________________________________________________________ 答案 在loss前加a [at a loss是固定短語，意為“不知所措”。] 8．—Many people don't think much of the movie.—I think differently.In the way, it is a good film.And the photographed scenes are very beautiful.________________________________________________________ 答案 第二個the→a [句意：——很多人認為這部電影不好。——我不那么認為。在某種程度上，這是一部很不錯的電影。拍攝的場景非常美。in a way為固定短語，“在某種程度上”。] 9．I signed it “some thankful students” and slipped it into the envelope.________________________________________________________ 答案 the→an [根據句意表示把信裝進“一個”信封，故用不定冠詞，且envelope的始發音為元音，故改為an。] 10．—As a child, my father often spent all Sundays relaxing outdoors, even playing for hours at time.—That's my father's story, too.________________________________________________________ 答案 time前加a [at a time為固定短語，意為“一次”。]

考點三 冠詞的活用

基礎點

不定冠詞的活用

(1)不定冠詞可以用于某些具體化的抽象名詞前，可以具體化的抽象名詞有shame，surprise, pleasure, honour, success, help, beauty, failure等。

It's a_pleasure for me to work with you.和你一起工作我非常高興。

She was a famous beauty in her youth.她年輕時是個有名的美人。

(2)表示世界上獨一無二的事物的名詞前一般加定冠詞the，但如果名詞前有修飾語，可用不定冠詞。

the world, a peaceful world;the moon, a bright moon。世界，一個和平的世界；月亮，一輪明亮的月亮。

(3)表示一日三餐的名詞和專有名詞前如果有形容詞修飾，也可用不定冠詞。I had a wonderful supper yesterday.昨晚我吃了一頓美味佳肴。

(4)“a most＋形容詞”表示“很……”，most在此不表示最高級含義，為“很，非常”的意思，相當于very，而“the＋ most＋多音節形容詞”為多音節形容詞的最高級形式，表示“最……”。

This is a most interesting film.這是一部非常有趣的電影。

This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.這是我看過的最有趣的一部電影。

(5)不定冠詞用在表示地名的專有名詞前，表示“一個……的地方”。She is now a different China from what she was twenty years ago.現在的中國是一個與二十年前不同的國家了。

(6)knowledge, collection, understanding等名詞后加of...時其前常用不定冠詞a/an。

Her new book is a collection of short stories.她的新書是一部短篇小說集。He has a good knowledge of French.他精通法語。

重難點

序數詞前冠詞的活用

“the＋序數詞”表順序，而“a/an＋序數詞”表“又一，再一”；序數詞修飾動詞時，．．．．．．已成為副詞，因此不必與冠詞連用。如： ．．Can you give me a_second chance, please?(＝another chance)請再給我一次機會好嗎？

He was only 5 years old when I first saw him.(adv.)當我第一次見到他時，他只有5歲。

[考法綜述] 不定冠詞的活用，尤其是序數詞前加不定冠詞，冠詞的活用在語篇

型語法填空和短文改錯中常會涉及，近五年考查了10次，仍是高考考查的難點。

命題法 考查冠詞的活用

典例1 Being able to afford ________ drink would be ________ comfort in those tough times.[答案] a;a 句意：在那艱苦的歲月里能夠買得起一杯飲料將會是一種安慰。drink在此表示泛指“一杯飲料”；comfort作“安慰”講為不可數名詞，但在此是抽象名詞具體化指“一件令人安慰的事”，故都用a。

典例2 He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get the second chance in the long jump.________________________________________________________ [答案] 將第三個the→a 此處應該表示“又一次機會”，故用a。

【解題法】 分析名詞特點，注意冠詞活用

在英語中，我們要注意冠詞的一些靈活用法。常用的一些抽象名詞如success, failure, pity, surprise, pleasure等，當表示“具體的人或者事”時，這些抽象名詞具體化了，可轉化為可數名詞。

A．單句填空

1．—You are really crazy about music!—Sort of.I always find in music ________ peace which is missing in ________ world full of challenges.答案 the;a [句意：——你對音樂真癡狂！——有點吧。我總能在音樂中找到寧靜，而這種寧靜在一個充滿了挑戰的世界中是不存在的。peace后有定語從句修飾，表特指，加不定冠詞；第二空是泛指，意為“一個……的世界”，故用a。] 2．—Guess what? Tom has failed in the exam ________ second time.—How come? He is second to none in English in our class.答案 a [句意：——你猜怎么著？湯姆考試又沒通過。

——怎么會呢？他的英語在我們班名列前茅。此處表示“又一次，再一次”，故用不定冠詞a。] 3．When you finish reading the novel, you will have ________ better understanding of society.答案 a [句意：當你讀完這本小說后，你就會更好地了解社會。根據句意可知，此處表示讀前與讀后的比較，比較級前用不定冠詞表示“更……的”。故填不定冠詞a。] 4．It was by reading it ________ third time that Sammy got a thorough understanding of passage E.答案 a [句意：薩米又讀了一遍才對E篇文章有了徹底的了解。根據句意可知，此處不表順序，僅表“又一，再一”。故填不定冠詞a。] B．單句改錯

1．Although the experiment turned out to be failure, we decided to try a second

time.________________________________________________________ 答案 failure前加a [failure當“失敗”講為不可數名詞，在此處表示“一件失敗的事”，為可數名詞，故用a。] 2．—What do you think of the grammar book? —Oh, it really is a useful reference book, which is worth reading the second time.________________________________________________________ 答案 第二個the→a [second此處不表示次序，而表示“又一，再一”，故用a。] 3．When you finish reading the novel, you will have better understanding of society.________________________________________________________ 答案 在better前加a [understanding為抽象名詞，后面有of時前用不定冠詞a/an。] 4．“The match between two teams is great，” said Jim, “and I hope to see the second.”

________________________________________________________ 答案 第二個the→a [此處表示“又一，再一”，故用a。]

易錯題一：忽視抽象名詞或物質名詞具體化

[例1] Anyone who achieves success in this field can be ________success.[錯解] 不填

[錯因分析] 有些考生誤認為success只能為抽象名詞，無單復數形式，因而做錯本題。[答案] a [心得體會]

[例2] My parents approached the site, which was still wet from ________

heavy rain.[錯解] the [錯因分析] 在這道試題中，很多考生會誤填the，認為rain為物質名詞，前面不用冠詞，即便使用冠詞也應用the。

[答案] a [心得體會]

易錯題二：表示獨一無二的事物的名詞前冠詞的誤用

[例] We can never expect ________ bluer sky unless we create ________ less polluted world.[錯解] the;the [錯因分析] 雖然sky和world是表示獨一無二的事物的名詞，但是一些考生忽略了它們的一些特殊用法，而誤填the。

[答案] a;a [心得體會]

易錯題三：專有名詞前冠詞的誤用

[例] ________Shanghai of tomorrow is sure to create new splendor and spring up as another center of international economy.[錯解] 不填

[錯因分析] 很多考生看到這道題后認為Shanghai是一個表示地點的專有名詞，按照一般語法規則，專有名詞前不用冠詞，因此他們會感到無所適從或者誤填其他冠詞。

[答案] The [心得體會]

易錯題四：特殊情況下定冠詞、不定冠詞的誤用

[例1] An apple fell from the tree and hit him on ________ head.[錯解] his [錯因分析] 在解此題時，考生較容易受漢語思維的干擾而誤填his。[答案] the [心得體會]

[例2] As everybody knows, a plane is ________ machine that can fly.[錯解] the [錯因分析] 有些考生會想當然地認為machine為可數名詞，且后面有定語從句修飾，所以誤填定冠詞the。

[答案] a [心得體會]