第一篇：英國文學史及選讀 復習要點總結概要

《英國文學史及選讀》第一冊復習要點

1.Beowulf: national epic of the English people;Denmark story;alliteration, metaphors and understatements(此處可能會有填空,選擇等小題

2.Romance(名詞解釋

3.“Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4.Ballad(名詞解釋 5.Character of Robin Hood 6.Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry;The Canterbury Tales(main contents;124 stories planned, only 24 finished;written in Middle English;significance;form: heroic couplet 7.Heroic couplet(名詞解釋 8.Renaissance(名詞解釋 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10.Sonnet(名詞解釋 11.Blank verse(名詞解釋 12.Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13.Francis Bacon “essays” esp.“Of Studies”(推薦閱讀,學習寫正式語體的英文文章的好參照,本 文用詞正式優雅,多排比句和長句,語言造詣非常高,里面很多話都可以引用做格言警句,非常值 得一讀

14.William Shakespeare四大悲劇比較重要,此外就是羅密歐與朱立葉了,這些劇的主題,背景,情 節,人物形象都要熟悉,當然他最重要的是 Hamlet 這是肯定的。他的 sonnet 也很重要,最重要屬 sonnet18。(其戲劇中著名對白和幾首有名的十四行詩可能會出選讀

15.John Milton 三大史詩非常重要,特別是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。對于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse寫成的,故事情節來自 Old Testament,另外要知道此書 theme 和 Satan 的 形象。

16.John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’ s Progress

17.Founder of the Metaphysical school —— John Donne;features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images.18.Enlightenment(名詞解釋 19.Neoclassicism(名詞解釋 20.Richard Steele——“The Tatler”

21.Joseph Addison——“The Spectator” 這個比上面那個要重要, 注意這個報紙和我們今天的報紙不一 樣,它虛構了一系列的人物,以這些人物的口氣來寫報紙上刊登的散文,這一部分要仔細讀。22.Steel’ s and Addison’ s styles and their contributions 23.Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”;his workmanship(features and limitations 24.Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’ s Travels” 此書非常重要,要知道具體內容,就是 Gulliver 游歷過的四個 地方的英文名稱,和每個部分具體的諷刺對象;(我們主要講了三個地方 “A Modest Proposal” 比 較重要,要注意作者用的 irony 也就是反諷手法。

25.The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature.26.Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 當然是 Robinson Crusoe比較重要,劇情要清 楚, Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蘊涵的早期黑奴的原形, 以及殖民主義的萌芽。另外注意 Defoe 的 style 和 feature ,另外 Defoe 是 forerunner of English realistic novel。

27.Samuel Richardson ——“Pamela”(first epistolary novel, “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison”

28.Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones” 第一個和第三個比較重要,需要 仔細看。他是一個比較重要的作家,另外 Fielding 也被稱為 father of the English novel.29.Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy” 項狄傳 30.Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal”

31.Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem, “The Deserted Village”(poem(both two poems were written by heroic couplet, “The Vicar of Wakefield”(novel, “The Good-Natured Man”(comedy, “She stoops to Conquer”(comedy, “The Citizen of the World”(collection of essays

32.Sentimentalism(名詞解釋

33.Thomas Gray——“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”(英國詩歌里非常著名的一首,曾經被 譽為 “ 有史以來英國詩歌里最好的一首 ”(a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets 墓園派詩人

* Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom.The vogue resulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Gray’ s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”.The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets.34.In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-Romanticism;representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.35.Thomas Percy ——“Reliques of Ancient English poetry” 許多中古的民謠都是在這個時期重新收集 和整理起來的,這個集子是那個時代比較有名的一個民謠集。

36.William Blake 比較重要,需要對主要作品有所了解,特別是 Songs of Innocence 和 Songs of Experience, 這兩本集子的 contrast 一定要注意,另外 Blake 的寫作特點也要注意,比如語言的簡單 明了,神秘主義氛圍等。

37.Robert Burns偉大的蘇格蘭民族詩人 , A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名詩,寫 作特點 : Scottish dialect;a poet of peasant and Scottish people;plain language;influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads;musical quality of his poems.《英國文學史及選讀》第二冊練習題 I.浪漫主義時期

I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets.1.English Romanticism is generally said to have begun with_____in 1798.A.the publication of Lyrical Ballads B.the death of Sir Scott C.the birth of William Wordsworth D.the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament 2.The Romantic Period is first of all an age of_____.A.Novel B.poetry C.drama D.prose 3.Romanticism does not emphasize_____.A.the special qualities of each individual’ s mind B.the inner world of the human spirit C.individuality D.the features that men have in common 4._____ is not a Romantic poet.A.William Blake B.Sir Scott C.P.B.Shelley D.Lord Byron 5._____ is a Romantic novelist but is impressed with neo-classic strains.A.Walter Scott B.Mary Shelley C.Jane Austen D.Ann Radcliff 6._____ is not characteristic of William Blake’ s writing.A.plain and direct language B.compression of meaning C.supernatural quality D.symbolism 7.Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with _____.A.Byron B.Coleridge C.Shelley D.Keats 8.Wordsworth thinks that _____ is the only subject of literary interest.A.the life of rising bourgeoisie B.aristocratic life C.the life of the royal family D.common life

9.Don Juan is the masterpiece of_____.A.Lord Byron’ s B.P.B.Shelley’ s C.John Keats’ s D.Samuel Coleridge’ s 10._____ is not a novel written by Jane Austen.A.Jane Eyre B.Sense and Sensibility C.Pride and Prejudice D.Emma II.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.1.In essence, Romanticism designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the_____as the very center of all life and all experience.2.For the Romantics, _____ is not only the major source of poetic imagery, but also provides the dominant subject matter.3.Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of _____.”

4.According to the subjects, Wordsworth’ s short poems can be classified into two groups: poems about nature and poems about _____.5.Coleridge’ s achievement as poet can be divided into two remarkably diverse groups: _____ and the conversational.6.As a leading Romanticist, Byron’ s chief contribution is his creation of the “_____.”

7.“_____” is Shelley’ s representative work.8._____ are generally regarded as Keats’ s most important and mature work.9.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is a famous line in Keats’ s “_____.” 10._____is the most delightful of Jane Austen’ s work.III.Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets.(1.The Romantic period is also a great age of prose.(2.Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending their own literary heritage against the advocates of classical rules.(3.Coleridge has been rewarded as Poet Laureate.(4.Keats is one of the “Lake Poets.”(5.Jane Austen is a typical Romantic writer.IV.Name the author of each of the following literary work.1.“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” 2.Songs of Innocence 3.“Ode to a Nightingale” 4.“A Song: Men of England” 5.The Prelude V.Define the literary terms listed below 1.Romanticism 2.Ode

VI.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1….Be through my lips to unawakened Earth.The trumpet of a prophecy!O, Wind, If winter comes, can Spring be far behind? 2.For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.Keys: I.1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.A II.1.individual 2.human life 3.nature 4.human life 5.the demonic 6.Byronic hero 7.Ode to the West Wind 8.The odes 9.Ode on a Grecian Urn 10.Pride and Prejudice III.1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F IV.1.Coleridge 2.Blake 3.Keats 4.Shelley 5.Wordsworth

V.1.Romanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism.There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many different times and places.The leading features of Romantic movements are Wordsworth, Shelley, etc.2.Ode is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject.Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honour a person or a season or to commemorate an event.VI.1.It is taken from Shelley’ s Ode to the West Wind.In this poem, Shelley eulogizes the powerful west wind and expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality.In these last lines, the poet shows his optimistic spirit for the future.2.It is taken from Wordsworth’ s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” The poet thinks that it is a bliss to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind while he is in solitude.He expresses his strong affecting for nature in the poem.II.維多利亞時期

I.Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets 1.The Victorian period roughly began at the enthronement of Queen Victoria in_____.A.1835 B.1836 C.1837 D.1838 2.The critical realists like Charles Dickens in the Victorian period wrote novels_____.A.representing the 18th century realist novel

B.criticizing the society C.defending the mass E.all the above 3._____is not a Victoria novelist.A.Charles Dickens B.George Eliot C.William Makepeace Thackeray D.D.H.Lawrence 4._____ is not a work by Charles Dickens.A.Oliver Twist B.David Copperfield C.Middlemarch D.A Tale of Two Cities 5.Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by_____.A.Charlotte Bronte B.Emily Bronte C.Anne Bronte D.Branwell Bronte 6._____ is not Thomas Hardy’ s work.A.The Mill on the Floss B.Tess of the D’Urbervilles C.Jude the Obscure D.The Mayor of Casterbridge

7.“My Last Duchess” is _____.A.a dramatic monologue B.a short lyric C.a novel D.an essay 8.Tennyson’ s “Ulysses” gets its inspiration from the following works or writers except_____.A.Homer’ s Odessey B.Joyce’ s Ulysses C.Dante D.Greek Mythology 9.In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _____ appeared.And it flourished in the 1840s and in the early 1950s.A.romanticism B.naturalism C.realism D.critical realism 10.The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from_____.A.The Pilgrim’ s Progress B.Childe Harold’ s Pilgrimage C.Gulliver’ s Travels D.The Canterbury Tales II.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook 1.The aestheticists such as Oscar Wilde in the Victorian period advocated the theory of “_____.”

2.In the Victorian period, _____became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.3.Charles Dickens is one of the greatest _____ writers of the Victorian Age.4.Tennyson’ s poem “_____” is in memory of his bosom friend Arthur Hallam.5.Robert Browning is famous for his _____.6.George Eliot’ s _____ is one of the most mature works in English literature.7.Tennyson’ s famous dramatic monologue based on the story in Greek Mythology is “_____.”

8._____ is Dickens’ first child hero.9.Jane Eyre represents those_____-class working women who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.10.The most important poet of the Victorian Age was_____.Next to him were Robert Browning and his wife.III.Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets.(1.The Victorian period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history.(2.Tennyson is famous for his aesthetic viewpoint of “art for art’ s sake.”

(3.Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece of Charlotte Bronte’ s.(4.Browning’ s “Meeting at Night” and “Parting at Morning” were originally one poem in dramatic monologue.(5.Naturalism has played an important part in Thomas Hardy’ s work.IV.Name the author of each of the following literary works.1.The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club 2.The Tenant of Wildfell Hall 3.In Memoriam 4.The Mill on the Floss 5.The Return of the Native V.Define the literary terms listed below.1.Dramatic Monologue 2.Critical Realism VI.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1.That same evening the gentleman in the white waistcoat most positively and decidedly affirmed, not only that Oliver would be hung, but that he would be drawn and quartered into the bargain.Mr.Bumble shoot his head with gloomy mystery, and said he wished he might come to good;where — unto Mr.Gamfield replied, that he wished he might come to him---which, although he agreed with the beadle in most matters, would seem to be a wish of a totally opposite description.The next morning, the public were once more informed that Oliver Twist was again To Let, and that five pounds would be paid to anybody who would take possession of him.2.Thus, neither having the clue to the other’ s secret, they were respectively puzzled at what each revealed, and awaited new knowledge of each other’ s character and moods without attempting to pry into each other’ s history.Every day, every hour, brought to him one more little stroke of her nature, and to her one more of his.Tess was trying to lead a repressed life, but she little divined the strength of her own vitality.Keys: I.1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.A II.1.art for art’ s sake 2.the novel 3.critical realist 4.Break, Break, Break 5.dramatic monologue 6.Middlemarch 7.Ulysses 8.Oliver Twist 9.middle 10.Tennyson III.1.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T IV.1.Charles Dickens 2.Anne Bronte 3.Alfred Tennyson 4.George Eliot 5.Thomas Hardy V.1.Dramatic Monologue is a kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in the poem.The occasion is usually a crucial one In the speaker’ s personality as well as the incident that is the

subjects of the poem.An example of a dramatic monologue is “My Last Duchess” by Robert Browning.2.Critical Realism is a literary movement in the 19th century.It sticks to the principal of faithful representation of the 18th century realistic novel and carries its duty forward to the criticism of the society and the defense of the mass.The representative figures are Dickens, the Bronte’ s, etc.VI.1.It is taken from Charles Dickens’ s Oliver Twist.This part describes how Oliver is punished for asking for more to eat and how he is therefore sold at three pound ten to a notorious chimney-sweeper.It reveals that the pitiable state of the orphan boy and the cruelty and hypocrisy of the workhouse board.2.It is taken from Thomas Hardy’ s Tess of the D’Urbervilles.This part describes how Tess forgets about her past misfortune in the beautiful, pastoral dairy farm and unconsciously gives herself up to the attraction of Angel Clare.III.現代時期

I.Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets 1.Modernism takes_____as its theoretical base.A.the irrational philosophy B.the theory of psycho-analysis C.both A and B D.neither A nor B 2.Modernism rose out of_____.A.skepticism B.disillusion of capitalism C.irrational philosophy D.al the above 3.Modernism is, in many aspects, a reaction against_____.A.romanticism B.Realism C.post-modernism D.all the above

4._____is not a movement in the modern period.A.“the Angry Young Men” B.“the Beat Generation” C.“the Lost Generation” D.“the Theater of the Absurd”

5._____ is not a representative figure in applying the technique of “the stream of consciousness” in his/her writing.A.D.H.Lawrence B.James Joyce C.Virginia Woolf D.Dorothy Richardson 6.Waiting for Godot is regarded as the most famous and influential play of the Theater of Absurd.It is written by_____.A.George Bernard Shaw B.Samuel Beckett C.John Galsworthy D.Eugene O’ Neill 7.The Waste Land is_____’ s most important single poem.A.Ezra Pound B.William Butler Yeats C.Alfred Tennyson D.T.S.Eliot 8._____ is not D.H.Lawrence’ s work.A.Finnegans Wake B.Sons and Lovers C.Lady Chatterley’ s Lover D.The Rain Bow 9._____ is not James Joyce’ s novel.A.Ulysses B.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man C.Dubliners D.Finnegans Wake 10.“The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock” is written by_____.A.W.H.Auden B.D.H.Lawrence C.W.B.Yeats D.T.S.Eliot II.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook

1.The French_____, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.2.Modernism rejects_____, which is the theoretical base of realism.3.In stimulating the technical innovations of novel creation, the theory of the Freudian and Jungian_____played a particularly important role.4.Most of Bernard Shaw’ s plays are concerned with political, economic, moral, or religious problems, and, thus, can be termed as_____.5._____is famous for his frank discussion of “sex” in his works.6.John Galsworthy’ s trilogy is named_____.7._____, an American Poet, took English Citizenship in 1927, and became a devout member of Anglican Church.8._____is Eliot’ s most important poetry, revealing the spiritual decadency and meaninglessness of life of the 20th century.9.Most of Joyce’ s works are concerning the life of his hometown_____.10.Joyce’ s “Araby” is a short story in his collection_____.III.Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets.(1.The rise of modern poetry was, in some sense, a revolution against the conventional ideas and forms of the Romantic poetry.(2.Writers like E.M.Forster and D.H.Lawrence are still conventional writers, as in their works, old traditions are still there.(3.John Galsworthy has been awarded Nobel Prize for literature.(4.John Galsworthy is a conventional writer, inheriting the fine traditions of the great Victorian novelists of the critical realism such as Dickens.(5.James Joyce is a prolific writer, creating a great number of famous works.IV.Name the author of each of the following literary works.1.Modernism 2.Angry Young Men V.Define the literary terms listed below.1.Pygmalion 2.“Sailing to Byzantium” 3.Woman in Love 4.Ulysses 5.The Man of Property VI.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1.I will arise and go now, for always night and day I hear lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore;While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements gray, I hear it in the deep heart’ s core.2.Now she began to combat in his restless fretting.He still kept up his connexion with Miriam, could neither break free nor go the whole length of engagement.And this

indecision seemed to bleed him of his energy.Moreover.His mother suspected him of an unrecognized leaning towards Clara, and, since the latter was a married woman, she wished he would fall in love with one of the girls in a better station of life.But he was stupid, and would refuse to love or even to admire a girl much, just because she was his social superior.Keys: I.1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.D II.1.Symbolism 2.rationalism 3.psycho-analysis 4.problem plays 5.D.H.Lawrence 6.The Forsyte Saga 7.T.S.Eliot 8.The Waste Land 9.Dublin 10.Dubliners III.1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F IV.1.Modernism is a movement in the 20th century.It takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical base and in many aspects is a reaction against realism.2.Angry Young Men is a phrase applied to a number of British playwrights and novelists from the mid-1950s, who described various forms of social alienation and whose political views were radical and anarchic.V.1.Bernard Shaw 2.W.B.Yeats 3.D.H.Lawrence 4.James Joyce 5.John Galsworthy

VI.1.It is taken from Yeats’ s “The lake Isle of Innisfree.” In this poem, Yeats expresses his longing to escape from the city life and to live a secluded life by describing the peaceful, tranquil scene of the lake Isle of Innisfree, a legendary place for hermitage.2.It is taken from D.H.Lawrence’ s Sons and Lovers.Paul has love affairs with two girls, Miriam and Clara.But he is so dependent on his mother’ s love and help that he fails to achieve a fulfilling relationship with either girl.English Literature(Book II Romanticis 1.Romanticism(名詞解釋要對浪漫主義興起的時間,根源,主要特點,主要代表作家都有所了解。

2.William Wordsworth要知道他的 “Lyrical Ballads” 前言是英國浪漫主義時期開始的標志, 也是宣言。Lake Poets(名詞解釋。他詩歌的主要兩類題材:nature and common people’ s lives。

寫過的著名作品:I wandered lonely as a cloud;To the cuckoo;Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey;The solitary reaper;We are seven 等等。

3.Samuel Taylor Coleridge 兩首名詩:The Rime of the Ancient Mariner;Kubla Khan 主要寫作 supernatural 題材。

4.George Gordon Byron, Byronic Heroes(名詞解釋;著名作品:Child Harold’ s Pilgrimage要知道大 致內容,另外此詩用 Spenserian Stanza寫成;Don Juan要知道大致內容。

5.Percy Bysshe Shelley著名作品:Queen Mab;The Revolt of Islam;Prometheus Unbound(lyrical drama, 要知道大致內容及此劇與古希臘的 “ 被束縛的普羅米修斯 ” 不同之處及其意義。其它名作 : Ode to the

West Wind;To a skylark等等。

6.John Keats著名作品:Ode to Autumn;Ode to a Nightingale;Ode on a Grecian Urn”。注意 Keats 與 Byron 和 Shelley 的不同, Keats 的詩歌沒有兩人那么強的革命性,他的詩歌主要是為了締造一個唯 美的世界,為了追求美而寫作的。

7.Charles Lamb:The Essays of Elia(humorous, archaisms, quotations from other writers 8.Walter Scott: founder and great master of the historical novel;his death marks the ending of Romantic Period in English literature;famous novels: Rob Roy, Ivanhoe;features of his novels.English Critical Realism 9.Critical Realism批判現實主義,要知道它興起的時間,歷史背景,主要代表人物及主要特點。10.Charles Dickens主要作品 : The Pickwick Papers(first novel;Oliver Twist;Dombey and Son;David Copperfield;A Tales of Two Cities等等,對這些主要作品除了第一部以外剩下的要對情節,主要人物 形象,主題及其意義有所了解,另外要知道狄更斯的小說的特色。

11.William Makepeace Thackeray 主要作品即 Vanity Fair 要知道這個題目出自 John Bunyan 的 The Pilgrim’ s Progress,另外小說的副標題 “A novel without a hero” 的意思,小說的情節,主題,人物形 象都要了解。

12.Jane Austen主要作品:Pride and Prejudice其它 5部小說知道名字即可,對于《傲慢與偏見》簡 單看一下它的情節和主要人物。Austen 的寫作特點:thin plot, mostly everyday life of simple country society;good at writing young girls;modest satire;witty dialogues。

13.Charlotte Bronte主要作品 Jane Eyre,要知道其情節和意義,另外簡愛的人物形象也比較重要。14.Emily Bronte主要作品 Wuthering Heights,情節,人物形象及意

義。勃朗特姐妹的小說雖然寫作 在批判現實主義時期,但其作品有明顯的浪漫主義特色,比如包含的一些 supernatural elements,特 別體現在呼嘯山莊中。

15.George Eliot主要作品 : Adam Bede, The Mill on Floss.Prose-writers and poets of the mid and later 19th century 16.Alfred Tennyson主要作品 : In Memoriam, The Idylls of the Kings;有名的短詩 Break, Break, Break;Crossing the bar等,此人政治態度保守,作品追求形式上的完美,富于音樂性和色彩。

17.Robert Browning introduced dramatic monologue to poetry.His famous poems: “Home-thoughts from abroad” etc.Elizabeth Barrett Browning: “Sonnets from the Portuguese”.18.Aestheticism唯美主義(名詞解釋 Oscar Wilde主要作品,寫作特點及其意義簡要了解。Twentieth Century English Literature 19.John Galsworthy: 主要作品 “The Forsyte Saga” 注意這是兩個 trilogy 構成的,可不是一本小說, 其中比較重要的是 “The Man of Property” 就是書上介紹的那一部,要知道此部小說主人公的名字, 以及這個主人公的性格,和小說主題。

20.George Bernard Shaw主要作品 Mrs Warren’ s Profession和 Major Babara,對他作品的主要人物, 情節,主題和意義要了解,他是比較重要的一個作家。

21.T.S.Eliot比較重要,特別是他的 The Waste Land要知道包括哪幾個部分,大概是什么情節,有 什么象征意義,主題是什么,有什么寫作特點。另外他著名的文章 Tradition and the Individual Talent被認為是 manifesto of modernist poetry.22.Modernist fiction put emphasis on the description of the characters’ psychological activities under the influence of Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud’s theories.23.D.H.Lawrence 重點作品 Sons and Lovers 這個作品明顯受到弗洛伊德影響，特別是其中體現的 Oedipus complex，對其人物，主題要有了解；The Rainbow 及其續

篇 Women in Love 要有簡單了解，特別是對其主題。Lady Chatterley’s Lover 簡單了解即可。勞倫斯的思想特點以及局限性要了解。24.Stream-of-consciousness（名詞解釋）25.James Joyce 其它作品簡單了解，但 Ulysses 非常重要，需要知道題目來源，題目的含義，小說的 主人公和情節，以及主題。26.Virginia Woolf 重要的意識流作家，主要作品要指導。書上主要介紹的是 Mrs.Dalloway，其實她 的其它幾部作品特別是 To the Lighthouse 也比較出名，需要了解一下。

第二篇：英國文學史及選讀 復習要點總結

《英國文學史及選讀》第一冊復習要點

1.Beowulf: national epic of the English people;Denmark story;alliteration, metaphors and understatements（此處可能會有填空，選擇等小題）2.Romance（名詞解釋）

3.“Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story 4.Ballad（名詞解釋）

5.Character of Robin Hood 6.Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry;The Canterbury Tales(main contents;124 stories planned, only 24 finished;written in Middle English;significance;form: heroic couplet)7.Heroic couplet(名詞解釋)8.Renaissance（名詞解釋）9.Thomas More——Utopia 10.Sonnet（名詞解釋）11.Blank verse（名詞解釋）12.Edmund Spenser

“The Faerie Queene”

13.Francis Bacon “essays” esp.“Of Studies”（推薦閱讀，學習寫正式語體的英文文章的好參照，本文用詞正式優雅，多排比句和長句，語言造詣非常高，里面很多話都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一讀）

14.William Shakespeare四大悲劇比較重要，此外就是羅密歐與朱立葉了，這些劇的主題，背景，情節，人物形象都要熟悉，當然他最重要的是Hamlet這是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要屬sonnet18。（其戲劇中著名對白和幾首有名的十四行詩可能會出選讀）

15.John Milton 三大史詩非常重要，特別是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。對于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse寫成的，故事情節來自Old Testament，另外要知道此書theme和Satan的形象。16.John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress

17.Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne;features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images.18.Enlightenment（名詞解釋）19.Neoclassicism（名詞解釋）

20.Richard Steele——“The Tatler”

21.Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”這個比上面那個要重要，注意這個報紙和我們今天的報紙不一樣，它虛構了一系列的人物，以這些人物的口氣來寫報紙上刊登的散文，這一部分要仔細讀。

22.Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions

23.Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”;his workmanship(features)and limitations

24.Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此書非常重要，要知道具體內容，就是Gulliver游歷過的四個地方的英文名稱，和每個部分具體的諷刺對象;（我們主要講了三個地方）“A Modest Proposal”比較重要，要注意作者用的irony也就是反諷手法。

25.The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature.26.Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 當然是Robinson Crusoe比較重要，劇情要清楚，Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蘊涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主義的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。

27.Samuel Richardson——“Pamela”(first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison”

28.Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一個和第三個比較重要，需要仔細看。他是一個比較重要的作家，另外Fielding也被稱為father of the English novel.29.Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy”項狄傳

30.Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal”

31.Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted Village”(poem)(both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield”(novel), “The Good-Natured Man”(comedy), “She stoops to Conquer”(comedy), “The Citizen of the World”(collection of essays)32.Sentimentalism（名詞解釋）

33.Thomas Gray——“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”（英國詩歌里非常著名的一首，曾經被譽為“有史以來英國詩歌里最好的一首”）(a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets墓園派詩人)* Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom.The vogue resulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Gray’s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”.The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets.34.In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-Romanticism;representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.35.Thomas Percy——“Reliques of Ancient English poetry”許多中古的民謠都是在這個時期重新收集和整理起來的，這個集子是那個時代比較有名的一個民謠集。

36.William Blake比較重要，需要對主要作品有所了解，特別是Songs of Innocence 和 Songs of Experience, 這兩本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的寫作特點也要注意，比如語言的簡單明了，神秘主義氛圍等。37.Robert Burns偉大的蘇格蘭民族詩人, A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名詩，寫作特點: Scottish dialect;a poet of peasant and Scottish people;plain language;influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads;musical quality of his poems.《英國文學史及選讀》第二冊練習題 I.浪漫主義時期

I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets.1.English Romanticism is generally said to have begun with_____in 1798.A.the publication of Lyrical Ballads B.the death of Sir Scott C.the birth of William Wordsworth D.the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament 2.The Romantic Period is first of all an age of_____.A.Novel

B.poetry

C.drama

D.prose 3.Romanticism does not emphasize_____.A.the special qualities of each individual’s mind B.the inner world of the human spirit C.individuality D.the features that men have in common 4._____ is not a Romantic poet.A.William Blake

B.Sir Scott

C.P.B.Shelley

D.Lord Byron 5._____ is a Romantic novelist but is impressed with neo-classic strains.A.Walter Scott

B.Mary Shelley

C.Jane Austen

D.Ann Radcliff 6._____ is not characteristic of William Blake’s writing.A.plain and direct language

B.compression of meaning

C.supernatural quality

D.symbolism

7.Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with _____.A.Byron

B.Coleridge

C.Shelley

D.Keats 8.Wordsworth thinks that _____ is the only subject of literary interest.A.the life of rising bourgeoisie B.aristocratic life C.the life of the royal family D.common life 9.Don Juan is the masterpiece of_____.A.Lord Byron’s

B.P.B.Shelley’s

C.John Keats’s

D.Samuel Coleridge’s 10._____ is not a novel written by Jane Austen.A.Jane Eyre

B.Sense and Sensibility

C.Pride and Prejudice D.Emma II.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.1.In essence, Romanticism designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the_____as the very center of all life and all experience.2.For the Romantics, _____ is not only the major source of poetic imagery, but also provides the dominant subject matter.3.Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of _____.”

4.According to the subjects, Wordsworth’s short poems can be classified into two groups: poems about nature and poems about _____.5.Coleridge’s achievement as poet can be divided into two remarkably diverse groups: _____ and the conversational.6.As a leading Romanticist, Byron’s chief contribution is his creation of the “_____.” 7.“_____” is Shelley’s representative work.8._____ are generally regarded as Keats’s most important and mature work.9.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is a famous line in Keats’s “_____.” 10._____is the most delightful of Jane Austen’s work.III.Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets.()1.The Romantic period is also a great age of prose.()2.Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending their own literary heritage against the advocates of classical rules.()3.Coleridge has been rewarded as Poet Laureate.()4.Keats is one of the “Lake Poets.”

()5.Jane Austen is a typical Romantic writer.IV.Name the author of each of the following literary work.1.“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” 2.Songs of Innocence 3.“Ode to a Nightingale” 4.“A Song: Men of England” 5.The Prelude V.Define the literary terms listed below 1.Romanticism 2.Ode VI.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1….Be through my lips to unawakened Earth.The trumpet of a prophecy!O, Wind, If winter comes, can Spring be far behind? 2.For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.Keys: I.1.A

2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A

10.A II.1.individual

2.human life

3.nature

4.human life

5.the demonic

6.Byronic hero

7.Ode to the West Wind

8.The odes

9.Ode on a Grecian Urn 10.Pride and Prejudice III.1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F IV.1.Coleridge

2.Blake

3.Keats

4.Shelley

5.Wordsworth V.1.Romanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism.There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many different times and places.The leading features of Romantic movements are Wordsworth, Shelley, etc.2.Ode is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject.Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honour a person or a season or to commemorate an event.VI.1.It is taken from Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind.In this poem, Shelley eulogizes the powerful west wind and expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality.In these last lines, the poet shows his optimistic spirit for the future.2.It is taken from Wordsworth’s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” The poet thinks that it is a bliss to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind while he is in solitude.He expresses his strong affecting for nature in the poem.II.維多利亞時期

I.Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets 1.The Victorian period roughly began at the enthronement of Queen Victoria in_____.A.1835

B.1836

C.1837

D.1838 2.The critical realists like Charles Dickens in the Victorian period wrote novels_____.A.representing the 18th century realist novel

B.criticizing the society C.defending the mass E.all the above 3._____is not a Victoria novelist.A.Charles DickensB.George Eliot C.William Makepeace ThackerayD.D.H.Lawrence 4._____ is not a work by Charles Dickens.A.Oliver Twist

B.David CopperfieldC.Middlemarch

D.A Tale of Two Cities 5.Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by_____.A.Charlotte Bronte

B.Emily Bront C.Anne Bronte

D.Branwell Bronte 6._____ is not Thomas Hardy’s work.A.The Mill on the Floss C.Jude the ObscureD.The Mayor of Casterbridge 7.“My Last Duchess” is _____.A.a dramatic monologue

B.a short lyricC.a novel

D.an essay 8.Tennyson’s “Ulysses” gets its inspiration from the following works or writers except_____.A.Homer’s Odessey

B.Joyce’s Ulysses C.Dante

D.Greek Mythology

9.In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _____ appeared.And it flourished in the 1840s and in the early 1950s.A.romanticism

B.naturalism C.realism

D.critical realism 10.The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from_____.A.The Pilgrim’s Progress B.Childe Harold’s PilgrimageC.Gulliver’s TravelsD.The Canterbury Tales II.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook 1.The aestheticists such as Oscar Wilde in the Victorian period advocated the theory of “_____.”

2.In the Victorian period, _____became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.3.Charles Dickens is one of the greatest _____ writers of the Victorian Age.4.Tennyson’s poem “_____” is in memory of his bosom friend Arthur Hallam.5.Robert Browning is famous for his _____.6.George Eliot’s _____ is one of the most mature works in English literature.7.Tennyson’s famous dramatic monologue based on the story in Greek Mythology is “_____.” 8._____ is Dickens’ first child hero.9.Jane Eyre represents those_____-class working women who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.10.The most important poet of the Victorian Age was_____.Next to him were Robert Browning and his wife.III.Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets.()1.The Victorian period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history.()2.Tennyson is famous for his aesthetic viewpoint of “art for art’s sake.”()3.Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece of Charlotte Bronte’s.()4.Browning’s “Meeting at Night” and “Parting at Morning” were originally one poem in dramatic monologue.()5.Naturalism has played an important part in Thomas Hardy’s work.IV.Name the author of each of the following literary works.1.The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club 2.The Tenant of Wildfell Hall 3.In Memoriam 4.The Mill on the Floss 5.The Return of the Native V.Define the literary terms listed below.1.Dramatic Monologue 2.Critical Realism VI.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1.That same evening the gentleman in the white waistcoat most positively and decidedly affirmed, not only that Oliver would be hung, but that he would be drawn and quartered into the bargain.Mr.Bumble shoot his head with gloomy mystery, and said he wished he might come to good;where—unto Mr.Gamfield replied, that he wished he might come to him---which, although he agreed with the beadle in most matters, would seem to be a wish of a totally opposite description.The next morning, the public were once more informed that Oliver Twist was again To Let, and that five pounds would be paid to anybody who would take possession of him.2.Thus, neither having the clue to the other’s secret, they were respectively puzzled at what each revealed, and awaited new knowledge of each other’s character and moods without attempting to pry into each other’s history.Every day, every hour, brought to him one more little stroke of her nature, and to her one more of his.Tess was trying to lead a repressed life, but she little divined the strength of her own vitality.Keys: I.1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.A

7.A

8.B 9.D 10.A II.1.art for art’s sake

2.the novel

3.critical realist

4.Break, Break, Break

5.dramatic monologue

6.Middlemarch

7.Ulysses

8.Oliver Twist

9.middle

10.Tennyson III.1.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T IV.1.Charles Dickens

2.Anne Bronte

3.Alfred Tennyson

4.George Eliot

5.Thomas Hardy V.1.Dramatic Monologue is a kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in the poem.The occasion is usually a crucial one In the speaker’s personality as well as the incident that is the subjects of the poem.An example of a dramatic monologue is “My Last Duchess” by Robert Browning.2.Critical Realism is a literary movement in the 19th century.It sticks to the principal of faithful representation of the 18th century realistic novel and carries its duty forward to the criticism of the society and the defense of the mass.The representative figures are Dickens, the Bronte’s, etc.VI.1.It is taken from Charles Dickens’s Oliver Twist.This part describes how Oliver is punished for asking for more to eat and how he is therefore sold at three pound ten to a notorious chimney-sweeper.It reveals that the pitiable state of the orphan boy and the cruelty and hypocrisy of the workhouse board.2.It is taken from Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles.This part describes how Tess forgets about her past misfortune in the beautiful, pastoral dairy farm and unconsciously gives herself up to the attraction of Angel Clare.III.現代時期

I.Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets 1.Modernism takes_____as its theoretical base.A.the irrational philosophy

B.the theory of psycho-analysis

C.both A and B

D.neither A nor B 2.Modernism rose out of_____.A.skepticism

B.disillusion of capitalism

C.irrational philosophy

D.al the above 3.Modernism is, in many aspects, a reaction against_____.A.romanticism

B.Realism

C.post-modernism

D.all the above 4._____is not a movement in the modern period.A.“the Angry Young Men”

B.“the Beat Generation”

C.“the Lost Generation”

D.“the Theater of the Absurd” 5._____ is not a representative figure in applying the technique of “the stream of consciousness” in his/her writing.A.D.H.Lawrence

B.James Joyce

C.Virginia Woolf

D.Dorothy Richardson 6.Waiting for Godot is regarded as the most famous and influential play of the Theater of Absurd.It is written by_____.A.George Bernard Shaw

B.Samuel Beckett

C.John Galsworthy

D.Eugene O’ Neill 7.The Waste Land is_____’s most important single poem.A.Ezra Pound

B.William Butler Yeats

C.Alfred Tennyson

D.T.S.Eliot 8._____ is not D.H.Lawrence’s work.A.Finnegans Wake

B.Sons and Lovers

C.Lady Chatterley’s Lover

D.The Rain Bow 9._____ is not James Joyce’s novel.A.Ulysses

B.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man C.Dubliners

D.Finnegans Wake 10.“The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock” is written by_____.A.W.H.Auden

B.D.H.Lawrence

C.W.B.Yeats

D.T.S.Eliot

II.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook 1.The French_____, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.2.Modernism rejects_____, which is the theoretical base of realism.3.In stimulating the technical innovations of novel creation, the theory of the Freudian and Jungian_____played a particularly important role.4.Most of Bernard Shaw’s plays are concerned with political, economic, moral, or religious problems, and, thus, can be termed as_____.5._____is famous for his frank discussion of “sex” in his works.6.John Galsworthy’s trilogy is named_____.7._____, an American Poet, took English Citizenship in 1927, and became a devout member of Anglican Church.8._____is Eliot’s most important poetry, revealing the spiritual decadency and meaninglessness of life of the 20th century.9.Most of Joyce’s works are concerning the life of his hometown_____.10.Joyce’s “Araby” is a short story in his collection_____.III.Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets.()1.The rise of modern poetry was, in some sense, a revolution against the conventional ideas and forms of the Romantic poetry.()2.Writers like E.M.Forster and D.H.Lawrence are still conventional writers, as in their works, old traditions are still there.()3.John Galsworthy has been awarded Nobel Prize for literature.()4.John Galsworthy is a conventional writer, inheriting the fine traditions of the great Victorian novelists of the critical realism such as Dickens.()5.James Joyce is a prolific writer, creating a great number of famous works.IV.Name the author of each of the following literary works.1.Modernism 2.Angry Young Men V.Define the literary terms listed below.1.Pygmalion 2.“Sailing to Byzantium” 3.Woman in Love 4.Ulysses 5.The Man of Property VI.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1.I will arise and go now, for always night and day

I hear lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore;

While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements gray，I hear it in the deep heart’s core.2.Now she began to combat in his restless fretting.He still kept up his connexion with Miriam, could neither break free nor go the whole length of engagement.And this indecision seemed to bleed him of his energy.Moreover.His mother suspected him of an unrecognized leaning towards Clara, and, since the latter was a married woman, she wished he would fall in love with one of the girls in a better station of life.But he was stupid, and would refuse to love or even to admire a girl much, just because she was his social superior.Keys: I.1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A

6.B 7.D 8.A

9.C 10.D II.1.Symbolism

2.rationalism

3.psycho-analysis

4.problem plays 5.D.H.Lawrence 6.The Forsyte Saga

7.T.S.Eliot

8.The Waste Land 9.Dublin

10.Dubliners III.1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F IV.1.Modernism is a movement in the 20th century.It takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical base and in many aspects is a reaction against realism.2.Angry Young Men is a phrase applied to a number of British playwrights and novelists from the mid-1950s, who described various forms of social alienation and whose political views were radical and anarchic.V.1.Bernard Shaw

2.W.B.Yeats

3.D.H.Lawrence

4.James Joyce

5.John Galsworthy VI.1.It is taken from Yeats’s “The lake Isle of Innisfree.” In this poem, Yeats expresses his longing to escape from the city life and to live a secluded life by describing the peaceful, tranquil scene of the lake Isle of Innisfree, a legendary place for hermitage.2.It is taken from D.H.Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers.Paul has love affairs with two girls, Miriam and Clara.But he is so dependent on his mother’s love and help that he fails to achieve a fulfilling relationship with either girl.English Literature

(Book II)

Romanticis

1.Romanticism（名詞解釋）要對浪漫主義興起的時間，根源，主要特點，主要代表作家都有所了解。

2.William Wordsworth要知道他的 “Lyrical Ballads”前言是英國浪漫主義時期開始的標志，也是宣言。Lake Poets（名詞解釋）。他詩歌的主要兩類題材：nature and common people’s lives。

寫過的著名作品：I wandered lonely as a cloud;To the cuckoo;Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey;The solitary reaper;We are seven 等等。

3.Samuel Taylor Coleridge兩首名詩：The Rime of the Ancient Mariner;Kubla Khan主要寫作supernatural題材。4.George Gordon Byron，Byronic Heroes(名詞解釋);著名作品：Child Harold’s Pilgrimage要知道大致內容，另外此詩用Spenserian Stanza寫成；Don Juan要知道大致內容。

5.Percy Bysshe Shelley著名作品：Queen Mab;The Revolt of Islam;Prometheus Unbound（lyrical drama，要知道大致內容及此劇與古希臘的“被束縛的普羅米修斯”不同之處及其意義。）其它名作: Ode to the West Wind;To a skylark等等。

6.John Keats著名作品：Ode to Autumn;Ode to a Nightingale;Ode on a Grecian Urn”。注意Keats與Byron和Shelley的不同，Keats的詩歌沒有兩人那么強的革命性，他的詩歌主要是為了締造一個唯美的世界，為了追求美而寫作的。7.Charles Lamb：The Essays of Elia(humorous, archaisms, quotations from other writers)8.Walter Scott: founder and great master of the historical novel;his death marks the ending of Romantic Period in English literature;famous novels: Rob Roy, Ivanhoe;features of his novels.English Critical Realism 9.Critical Realism批判現實主義，要知道它興起的時間，歷史背景，主要代表人物及主要特點。

10.Charles Dickens主要作品: The Pickwick Papers(first novel);Oliver Twist;Dombey and Son;David Copperfield;A Tales of Two Cities等等，對這些主要作品除了第一部以外剩下的要對情節，主要人物形象，主題及其意義有所了解，另外要知道狄更斯的小說的特色。

11.William Makepeace Thackeray主要作品即Vanity Fair要知道這個題目出自John Bunyan的The Pilgrim’s Progress，另外小說的副標題 “A novel without a hero”的意思，小說的情節，主題，人物形象都要了解。

12.Jane Austen主要作品：Pride and Prejudice其它5部小說知道名字即可，對于《傲慢與偏見》簡單看一下它的情節和主要人物。Austen的寫作特點：thin plot, mostly everyday life of simple country society;good at writing young girls;modest satire;witty dialogues。

13.Charlotte Bronte主要作品Jane Eyre，要知道其情節和意義，另外簡愛的人物形象也比較重要。

14.Emily Bronte主要作品Wuthering Heights，情節，人物形象及意義。勃朗特姐妹的小說雖然寫作在批判現實主義時期，但其作品有明顯的浪漫主義特色，比如包含的一些supernatural elements，特別體現在呼嘯山莊中。15.George Eliot主要作品: Adam Bede, The Mill on Floss.Prose-writers and poets of the mid and later 19th century

16.Alfred Tennyson主要作品: In Memoriam, The Idylls of the Kings；有名的短詩Break, Break, Break;Crossing the bar等，此人政治態度保守，作品追求形式上的完美，富于音樂性和色彩。

17.Robert Browning introduced dramatic monologue to poetry.His famous poems: “Home-thoughts from abroad” etc.Elizabeth Barrett Browning: “Sonnets from the Portuguese”.18.Aestheticism唯美主義（名詞解釋）Oscar Wilde主要作品，寫作特點及其意義簡要了解。

Twentieth Century English Literature

19.John Galsworthy: 主要作品 “The Forsyte Saga”注意這是兩個trilogy構成的，可不是一本小說，其中比較重要的是 “The Man of Property”就是書上介紹的那一部，要知道此部小說主人公的名字，以及這個主人公的性格，和小說主題。

20.George Bernard Shaw主要作品Mrs Warren’s Profession和Major Babara，對他作品的主要人物，情節，主題和意義要了解，他是比較重要的一個作家。

21.T.S.Eliot比較重要，特別是他的The Waste Land要知道包括哪幾個部分，大概是什么情節，有什么象征意義，主題是什么，有什么寫作特點。另外他著名的文章Tradition and the Individual Talent被認為是manifesto of modernist poetry.22.Modernist fiction put emphasis on the description of the characters’ psychological activities under the influence of Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud’s theories.23.D.H.Lawrence重點作品Sons and Lovers這個作品明顯受到弗洛伊德影響，特別是其中體現的Oedipus complex，對其人物，主題要有了解；The Rainbow及其續篇Women in Love要有簡單了解，特別是對其主題。Lady Chatterley’s Lover簡單了解即可。勞倫斯的思想特點以及局限性要了解。

24.Stream-of-consciousness（名詞解釋）25.James Joyce其它作品簡單了解，但Ulysses非常重要，需要知道題目來源，題目的含義，小說的主人公和情節，以及主題。

26.Virginia Woolf重要的意識流作家，主要作品要指導。書上主要介紹的是Mrs.Dalloway，其實她的其它幾部作品特別是To the Lighthouse也比較出名，需要了解一下。

第三篇：西南大學英國文學史選讀總結

英國文學史

I.Early and Medieval Literature 1.England’s inhabitants are Celts.And it is conquered by Romans, the Teutonic tribes of Angle, Saxons and Jutes.In 1066, at the battle of Hastings(黑斯延斯), the Normans headed by William, Duke of Normandy, defeated the Anglo-Saxons.The Anglo-Saxons brought the Germanic language and culture to England, while Normans brought the Mediterranean civilization(地中海文明), including Greek culture, Rome law and the Christian religion.It is the cultural influence of these two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.2.Jutes lived and maintained close relations with kindred(相似)tribes.3.The old English literature extends from about 449 to 1066, the year of the Norman conquest of England.4.Three kinds of languages in the Anglo-Norman period: Norman---French, English---English, Religious---Latin.Two kinds of literature: Romans and Ballads.“Romans” is about upper class, and nothing to do with Romans.5.The old English poetry that has survived can be divided into two groups: The religious group and the secular one.6.The literature of this period falls naturally into two divisions――pagan and Christian.7.The national epic of the English people, which belongs to the primitive(原始，早期)literature;Romance cycles, which belong to the feudalist(封建)literature;Folk literature whose subjects are from the lower class 8.Caedom is the first known religious poet of England, he is known as the father of English song.9.The didactic poem The Christ was produced by Cynewulf.10.The Song of Beowulf It describes the most heroic man of the Anglo-Saxon times.It is a Denmark(丹麥)story which used alliteration , metaphors(隱喻)and understatements(輕描淡寫).It is the first literature, England’s national epic;it was written by an unknown scribe at the beginning of the 10th century and was not discovered until 1750 It consists of 3182 lines Telling a story about an ancient hero Beowulf’s fight against a lake monster, Grendel, and his mother, a monster, too;Beowulf’s battle against a fire dragon.The poem is an example of the mingling of the nature myths and heroic legends.12.The literature which they brought to England is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure, in marked contrast with the strength and somberness(嚴峻)of Anglo-Saxon poetry.The great majority of Romances mainly fall into 3 cycles.A.The matters of Britain: About King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table B.The matters of France: About Charlemagne and his peers C.The matters of Greece and Rome: About Alexander, and about the fall of Troy(特洛伊城的陷落)Of these three cycles, the matters of Britain is the most important one.There were many cycles of Arthurian romances, Chief of which are those of Gawain, Launcelot(朗斯洛特), Merlin(默林), the Quest of the Holy Grail(尋找圣杯), and the Death of Arthur Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 13.Geoffrey Chaucer He is the father of English poetry in that he introduces rhymed verse, especially couplet, into Britain to replace alliterative verse formerly prevailing in British poetry and making English the literary language.He is also the founder of English realism because The Canterbury Tales, his masterpiece, provides a panorama of the life in the medieval England.He is the forerunner of humanism for in his masterpiece the keynote is humanism.He praises human intellect, human beauty, human passion and human living environment, and affirms human rights to pursue earthly happiness.寫作的三個時期：Translate from French;French;Write in his own words: English The Canterbury Tales Three features: Plot;Prologue;Language(iambic pentameter)The Prologue is a splendid masterpiece of realistic portrayal, the first of its kind in the history of English literature.The Prologue is a splendid masterpiece of realistic portrayal, the first of its kind in the history of English literature.Heroic couplet is a rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter(五音步抑揚格).It is Chaucer who used it for the first time in English in his work The Legend of Good Woman.14.Popular Ballads Literature of the lower class in the feudalist society includes written folk literature and oral folk literature.As for the written folk literature, the most important writer is William Langland, whose masterpiece is The Vision of Piers, the Plowman.Among the ballads published, the Robin Hood ballads are of special significance.The best known of the earliest collections was given by Bishop Thomas Percy, named Reliques of Ancient English Poetry.Literature of the Renaissance Period 1.Renaissance: general spirit---humanism 2.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of Queen Elisabeth.3.Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe(克里斯托弗 馬洛)and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.4.Thomas More----Utopia;John Lyly----Eupheus(艷詞);Marlowe----The Jew of Malta;Robert Greene----Gorge Green 5.Edmund Spenser was the poet’s poet.The greatest epic poem of the time is The Fairy Queen.6.William Shakespeare produced 37 plays, 2 narrative poems and 154 sonnets.A basic form of poetry consists of 14 lines of iambic pentameter, intricately rhymed(abab, cdcd, efef, gg).His plays can be divided into four types: historical plays, comedies, tragedies and romantic tragic-comedies.His four writing period: Apprenticeship;Mature period;Great tragedies;Romantic drama

Sonnet 18: Theme---Art survives time Hamlet It praises humanists as represented by Hamlet.He is the scholar, a soldier and a statesman(政治家);it shows the inevitable problems faced by the humanists;Hamlet’s delay of action is due to his awareness of the possible national disaster which will be brought about by his personal revenge and his sense of responsibility to put the interests of his nation and his people before his own.7.Francis Bacon ○ Essayist, Scientist, Philosopher.○ His major works are The Advancement of Learning and New Instrument.○ He is also the first great English essayist.○ His works may be divided into three classes: the philosophical, the literary and the professional works ○ In 1597 Francis Bacon published his first collection of essays, the Essays Literature of the Revolution and Restoration Period 1.The government of James 1was based upon the theory of divine right of kings, but the Puritans offered another theory of divine right—the individual conscience.2.In 1649 Charles I was beheaded.England became a commonwealth under the leadership of Oliver Cromwell.He imposed a military dictatorship(軍事獨裁).In 1653 Oliver Cromwell imposed a military dictatorship on the country.It was called the period of the Restoration which was objectionable(討厭的)in monarchy.After Cromwell’s death, monarchy was again restored in 1660.3.Revolution of 1688(Glorious Revolution)means three things: The supremacy of Parliament(議會至上), the beginning of the modern England(現代英國的開端), the final triumph of the principle of political liberty for which the Puritan had fought and suffered hardship for a hundred years.4.Literary Characteristics In the literature also the Puritan Age was one of confusion, due to the breaking up of old ideals.The Puritan influence in general tended to suppress literary art.5.John Donne He was the founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry.Donne is best known by his The Songs and Sonnets.It contains most of his early lyrics.Love is the basic theme.Sometimes the “conceits(奇遇)”, as these extravagant figures are called, are so odd that we lose sight of the thing to be illustrated, in the startling nature of the illustration.Song(“Go and Catch a Falling Star”), the theme is “No where lives a woman true, and fair” 6.John Milton Paradise Lost consists of 12 books, containing about ten thousand lines in blank verse(unrhymed iambic pentameter).Based on the biblical legend of the imaginary progenitors of the human race----Adam and Eve, and tells God and his eternal adversary, Satan in its plot.Major poetical works: Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained and Samson Agonisters.7.John Bunyan He gives us the only great religious allegory(宗教寓言)Pilgrim’s Progress, Vanity Fair IV.Literature of the 18th Century 1.The age of reason 2.Two parties: the liberal Whigs and the conservative Tories came into being.However another party also existed, the Jacobites, who aimed to bring the Stuarts back to the throne.3.Characteristics of literature: Realism;Common people;Prose rapid development 3.Daniel Defoe

His works are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower-class people.Robinson Crusoe, colonial spirit(1)His marvelous(非凡的)capacity(才能)for work(2)His boundless(無窮的)energy and persistence in overcoming obstacles(障礙)(3)His hard struggle against nature and making all bend to his will 3.Jonathan Swift A Tale of a Tub(satirist)《木桶的故事》

Gulliver’ Travels(satire)Four places: Lilliput(厘厘普特), Brobdingnag(布羅卜丁奈格), the flying Island, Houyhnhnm(慧駰國).The first part tells about his experience in Lilliput, where the inhabitants are only six inches tall), twelve times smaller than the normal human beings.The emperor believed himself to be the delight and terror of the universe, but it appeared quite absurd to Gulliver who was twelve times as tall as he.In his account of the two parties in the country, distinguished by the use of high and low heels, Swift satirizes the Tories and the Whigs in England.Religious disputes were laughed at in an account of a problem which divided the Lilliputians: “ Should eggs be broken at the big end or the little end?”

About selected reading: The theme: exploration into human nature and satire to English and European life ①Main plot—part one:

His experiences in Lilliput where the inhabitants are only 12 times smaller than normal human being Author satire the weakness of human being and the absurd actions of the English government before the nature ②Main plot—part two: His experiences in Brobdingnag where are 10 times taller and larger than normal human being and superior in wisdom Here, the author gives a vivid description to the crankiness and arrogance(狂妄自大)of the authority in England ③Main plot—part three: The experiences in Flying Island where the philosophers and projectors devote all their time and energy to the study of some absurd problems Here is the criticism of the western civilization and false illustration about science, philosophy, history and even immortality ④Main plot—part four: The experience in Houyhnhnm where horses are endowed with reason and all good and admirable qualities, and are the governing class Here, the author compared the differences and similarities between horses and human being, lead readers to think about a problem: what on earth are human beings? ⑤Social achievement: The book is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life—socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically and morally.⑥Artistic achievement: In structure, the four parts make an organic whole, with each contrived upon an independent structure, and yet complementing the others and contributing to the central concern of study of human nature and life Summary of a Modest Proposal With bitter irony, that the poverty of the Irish people should be relieved by the sale of their children, “at a year old”, as food for the rich, the narrator put forward his so-called perfect proposal.With the utmost gravity, he set out statistics to show the revenue that would come if this idea were adopted.The remedy, Swift took care to point out, was only for the kingdom of Ireland, not for the whole England.The last proposal is a most heartbreaking piece of sarcasm that fiery indignation has given birth to and a most powerful blow at the English government’s policy of exploitation and oppression in Ireland.Masterpieces 4.Joseph Addison Sir Roger at Church鄉村禮拜日

5.Henry Fielding, the Father of the English Novel

The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling 6.Thomas Gray, Graveyard School, sentimentalist Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard The poem contains some of the best-remembered lines in English poetry and uses a graveyard at twilight to meditate on the lives of the ordinary people interred there.Gray laments not one particular death, but the obscurity into which death will plunge us all.There is nobility in all people, but that difficult circumstances prevent those talents from being manifested.Gray contrasts the simplicity and virtue of the English farmers of the past with the vain, boastful present.He speculates about the potential leaders, poets, and musicians who may have died in obscurity and been buried there.All life’s endeavors, positive or negative, are rendered useless by the shadow of the tomb.The poem ends with an epitaph which sums up the poet’s own life and beliefs.7.William Blake The first important Romantic poet Major Works: Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》 Songs of Experience The Chimney Sweeper《掃煙囪的孩子》 The Tiger The tiger means the power of destroy.The poet repeats the central question of the poem, stated in Stanza 1.However, he changes could(Line 4)to dare(Line 24).This is a significant change, for the poet is no longer asking who had the capability of creating the tiger but who dared to create so frightful a creature.8.Robert Burns

He wrote some ballads on the basis of old Scottish legends.He expressed his love for freedom and sang of the heroic spirit of the Scottish people.Burns is the only greatest English poet who writes outside the standard/London dialect.A Red, Red Rose, Auld Lang Syne, John Anderson, My Jo and A Fond Kiss Literature of the Romantic Period 1.The Romantic period is the period is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads(抒情歌謠集)and to have ended in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott’s death and the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament.It is emphasized the special qualities of each individual’s mind.2.Lake Poets and Passive romantic poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey;Positive romantic poets: Byron, Shelley, Keats 3.William Wordsworth I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802 4.Gorge Gordon, Lord Byron Main works: Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage 《恰爾德.哈羅德游記》 She Walks in Beauty Don Juan《唐。璜》

From Canto II(The Isles of Greece)Set a sharp contrast between the past and the present of Greece Freedom protects independence, allusion(用典)5.Percy Bysshe Shelley Ode to the West Wind What are the features of the stanza form in the poem?

1)run-on line(跨行/跨節的詩行)to imitate the unrestrained and free wind 2)a combination of Terze Rima(tercets 三行詩)and Shakespearian sonnet rhymed aba, bcb;cdc;ded;ee 3)one sentence forms a stanza: west wind as the breath of Autumn’s being, wild spirit, destroyer and preserver, thou hear!6.John Keats Ode on a Grecian Urn希臘古甕 Ode to a Nightingale夜鶯頌 Written in ten-line stanzas;The first seven and last two lines of each stanza are written in iambic pentameter;the eighth line of each stanza is written in trimeter.Its rhyme scheme is the same in every stanza: abab cdecde.Main Idea Throughout the narrator's journey, he used the nightingale to figure out what he did and did not want with his life.He convinced himself to reject suicide as a way out of his problems.If he had not, he would not be able to enjoy everything life has to offer.He realized he should be able to enjoy the niceties in life without the use of wine, drugs or even dreaming, which is why he stopped using the synesthetic imagery toward the end of his journey.Theme Fullest and deepest exploration of the themes of creative expression: The poet’s first thought is to reach the bird's state through alcohol but then he chooses instead “the viewless wings of Poesy.”

The rapture of poetic inspiration matches the endless creative rapture of the nightingale's music and lets the speaker imagine himself with the bird in the darkened forest.7.Walter Scott Ivanhoe Rob Roy 8.Jane Austen completed six novels： Northanger Abbey, Persuasion, Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park, and Emma.“Pride and Prejudice”

It is the story of a young girl who rejects an offer of marriage because the young nobleman who makes it has been rude to her family.It is a very plot but around it the authoress has woven vivid pictures or the everyday life of simple country society.Literature of the Victorian Age 1.since 1870s, critical realism 2.Victorian literature roughly coincides with the reign of Queen Victoria from 1836 to 1901.The period has been regarded as one of the most glorious in English History.3.The years between 1832 and the early 50’s saw an important series of events known as the Chartist Movement.4.Charles Dickens Oliver Twist, David Copperfield 5.William Makepeace Thackeray His novels mainly contain a satirical portrayal of the upper strata(社會階層)of society.Vanity Fair(Novel without a Hero)6.George Eliot, Mary Ann Evans Adam Bede《亞當-比德》

Its characteristics of writing: Provincial life(鄉村生活);Psychological description;Moral sense；Concern of women 7.Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte Jane Eyre;Wuthering Heights 8.Alfred, Lord Tennyson Ulysses Break, Break, Break Crossing the Bar Break, Break, Break is written in memory of Hallam.In this poem, the poet’s own feelings of grief stands in sharp contrast with the carefree, innocent joys of the children and the apathetic motion of the ship and the waves.9.Robert Browning Browning’s greatest contribution to English poetry is his “dramatic dialogue”.Home-Thoughts, from Abroad Literature of the 20th century 1.Tomas Hardy Tess of the D’Urbervilles《苔絲》

Far From the Madding Crowd《遠離塵囂》 Comment on Tess It is a fierce attack on the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society and the capitalist invasion into the countryside and destruction of the English peasantry at the end of the nineteenth century.Naturalistic tendency is strong in the novel.2.George Bernard Shaw Mrs.Warren’s Profession 3.D.H.Lawrence Sons and Lovers, Oedipus Complex(戀母情結)4.Virginia Woolf

Jacob’s Room(雅各布的房間)Mrs.Dalloway(達洛維夫人)To the Lighthouse The Waves 5.James Joyce Stream-of-consciousness 尤利西斯

第四篇：英國文學史及選讀中文版

英語專業《英國文學》復習要點

教材名稱：英國文學史主編：劉炳善出版社：上海外語教育出版社

第一章 古英語和中古英語時期

1、古英語時期是指英國國家和英語語言的形成時期。最早的文學形式是詩歌，以口頭形式流傳，主要的詩人是吟游詩人。到基督教傳入英國之后，一些詩歌才被記錄下來。這一時期最重要的文學作品是英國的民族史詩《貝奧武夫》，用頭韻體寫成。

2、古英語時期（1066—1500）從1066年諾曼人征服英國，到1500年前后倫敦方言發展成為公認的現代英語。文學作品主要的形式有騎士傳奇，民謠和詩歌。在幾組騎士傳奇中，有關英國題材的是亞瑟王和他的圓桌騎士的冒險故事，其中《高文爵士和綠衣騎士》代表了騎士傳奇的最高成就。中世紀文學中涌現了大量的優秀民謠，最具代表性的是收錄在一起的唱詠綠林英雄羅賓漢的民謠。

3、最重要的詩人是被稱為“英國詩歌之父”的喬叟，代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》，取得了很高的藝術成就。他首創了詩歌的雙韻體—每兩行壓韻的五步抑揚格，后被許多英國詩人采用。喬叟用倫敦方言寫作，奠定了用英語語言進行文學創作的基礎，促進了英語語言文學的發展。

第二章 文藝復興時期

1.文藝復興運動源于14世紀的意大利，后遍及歐洲各國，在英國興起較晚。“文藝復興”一詞原意是指古希臘，羅馬文學藝術的復蘇，但事實上決不是簡單的對古希臘羅馬文學藝術的學習模仿。文藝復興運動的核心思想是人文主義思想，表現為尊重人的尊嚴和力量，關注現世生活，鼓勵人們對幸福生活的追求。代表的是新興資產階級反封建，反教會的思想和要求。文藝復興運動的思想家，人文主義者是托馬斯·莫爾（Thomas More），他的作品《烏托邦》描繪了一個理想的未來社會，他因此被認為是空想社會主義的先驅。

2.文藝復興時期的英國文學得到了空前的發展，在詩歌，散文和戲劇方面尤其興盛。

詩歌方面，新的詩體形式如十四行詩，無韻體詩被介紹到英國。重要的詩人有Philip Sidney，他不僅寫了許多優美的十四行詩，還創作了最早的詩歌理論作品之一《詩辯》。Edmund Spenser用斯賓塞詩節創作了著名長詩《仙后》。莎士比亞除了戲劇創作之外也是一位偉大詩人，著有兩部敘事詩，兩部長詩和154首十四行詩。

英文的《圣經欽定本》作成于1611年，不僅具有重大的宗教意義，也是一部偉大的文學作品，并且對英國的語言文化產生了深遠的影響。它的純樸，平易，明晰的散文風格奠定了英國散文的傳統。一個著名的哲學家兼散文家是Francis Bacon，他的文學著作主要有《隨筆》，收錄了他在各個時期發表的58篇隨筆，思想深刻，文筆簡潔，富有警句格言。

3.戲劇代表文藝復興時期英國文學的最高成就。主要戲劇家有馬洛（Christopher Marlowe）, 莎士比亞（W.Shakespeare）。

4.分析莎士比亞的喜劇作品〈威尼斯商人〉中鮑西亞這一人物形象；分析哈姆雷特的人物性格特點及其所代表的人文主義思想。

第三章 17世紀的英國文學

1． 17世紀是英國社會劇烈動蕩的時期之一，由于君主專制和資產階級之間的矛盾，爆發了1642年的內戰并導致了1688年的“光榮革命”。與政治斗爭和資產階級革命思想緊密相連的是宗教斗爭和清教徒思想。因此這一時期的文學和藝術多展示革命思想的發展與成長，并帶有濃厚的清教主義傾向。兩個代表作家是彌爾頓和班揚。彌爾頓的代表作〈失樂園〉和班揚的代表作〈天路歷程〉都取材于〈圣經〉。〈天路歷程〉是一部寓言作品，用“基督徒”到達天國的歷程象征人類追求美好未來的進程。

2． 講述〈失樂園〉的故事梗概，分析撒旦的形象及其所表現的作者思想的雙重性。

第四章 18世紀的英國文學

1． 18世紀產生了一種進步思潮—啟蒙運動，這一時期的思想家和作家們崇尚理性，認為啟蒙教化是改造社會的基本手段，因此18世紀又被稱為“理性的時代”。在文學領域體現為18世紀上半期的新古典主義，代表作家有詩人蒲伯（A.Pope）和期刊隨筆的創始人斯梯爾(R.Steele)和艾迪生(J.Addison)。

2． 18中期興起了英國現代小說，出現了大批有影響的小說家。理查遜(Samuel Richardson)的小說

〈帕美拉〉(Pamela)采用書信體形式對人物的心理活動進行細致的描寫，大大豐富了小說的創作方法。哥爾德史密斯(Oliver Goldsmith)的〈威克菲牧師傳〉(The Vicar of Wakefield)是英國文學史上著名的感傷小說之一。勞倫斯斯特恩(Laurence Sterne)打破傳統的敘事方法，創作了〈項迪傳〉，而被認為是英國現代派文學的先驅。

3． 迪福（Daniel Defoe）是英國文學史上第一個現實主義小說家，代表作是〈魯濱遜漂流記〉。講述

故事情節并分析魯濱遜這一人物形象。

4． 斯威夫特是英國文學史上著名的諷刺小說家，以犀利的文筆對教會和社會的虛偽腐敗進行了辛辣的諷刺。代表作是〈格列佛游記〉，講述故事情節并分析作品的主題。

5． 菲爾丁是英國最杰出的小說家之一，在理論與實踐上都為英國小說的發展作出了貢獻。在他的代

表作〈湯姆·瓊斯〉中，他塑造了眾多栩栩如生的人物，展示了錯綜復雜的社會矛盾。講述故事情節，分析主題和主要人物形象

第五章 19世紀的英國文學

19世紀英國文學主要包括上半期的浪漫主義時期和中后期的批判現實主義小說。

1． 布來克和羅伯特·彭斯屬于前浪漫主義詩人。布來克的代表作品有〈天真之歌〉和〈經驗之歌〉。

彭斯是著名的蘇格蘭民族詩人，寫了很多膾炙人口的歌頌友誼，愛情，自由，平等的詩歌，其中〈一朵紅紅的玫瑰〉廣為流傳。

2． 浪漫主義全盛時期以華滋華斯與柯律維治聯合發表〈抒情歌謠集〉為開始，到瓦爾特斯各特的逝

世為止，主要文學成就為詩歌，涌現了華滋華斯為代表的“湖畔派”詩人和拜倫，雪萊，濟慈等富有革命理想，頌揚自由與解放的詩人。

3． 以〈抒情歌謠集〉序言為例，分析總結浪漫主義詩歌的藝術特點與原則。

4． 講述〈被縛的普羅米修斯〉的故事情節并分析主題思想。

5． 19世紀中后期的批判現實主義作家真實地描寫了英國資產階級的社會生活，暴露和批判了資產階

級社會的罪惡，對人民群眾寄予了深刻的同情。狄更斯是英國最杰出的批判現實主義小說家，善于描寫社會底層人們的生活和思想，作品題材廣泛，思想深刻；薩克雷則善于描寫上層社會形形色色的人物。

6． 概述Oliver Twist的故事情節并分析主題思想。

7． 概述〈名利場〉的故事梗概，分析主題思想并對比兩個主要的女性人物形象。

8． 批判現實主義女性小說家及她們的代表作品：Charlotte Bronte, Emily Bronte, Mrs.Gaskell,George Eliot。分析簡·愛這一人物形象并分析小說的主題思想。

9． 托馬斯·哈代是19世紀末20世紀初英國最偉大的現實主義小說家，他稱自己的作品是“性格與

環境的小說”。代表作品是〈德伯家的苔絲〉。概述故事情節并分析主題思想。

第六章 20世紀的現代派作家

人們對西方文明的危機感和第二次世界大戰的惡果促成了西方現代派文學的形成。主要表現為意識流小說，代表作家有詹姆斯喬伊斯和弗潔尼亞沃爾夫。喬伊斯的小說〈尤利西斯〉描寫的是現代都市居民庸俗，猥瑣的精神生活。弗潔尼亞的〈到燈塔去〉則運用了嫻熟的象征手法和意識流技巧。

第五篇：《英國文學史選讀》課程教學大綱

一．課程基本情況：

1．編號：01015065, 01015096(翻譯方向)； 02015055,02015106(教育方向)

2．層次與學制：本科, 四年制

3．總學時：68

4．學期與周學時：第五，六學期；周學時: 2

5．學分：2

6．執筆人：夏丹

二、課程性質與任務：

本課程為英語（翻譯，教育方向）專業必修課。

該門課程在英語專業人才培養中旨在使學生從英國歷史、語言、文化發展的角度，掌握英國文學各個時期的主要文學、文化思潮，文學流派，主要作家及其代表作，同時幫助學生對英國文學的發展有深刻的了解和認識，并通過介紹一些最基本的文化理論和批評方法，對部分在思想上藝術上有代表性，有影響的作家及作品進行分析、導讀，增強學生對英國文學的形成和發展的理解，提高他們對文學作品的鑒賞能力和文學修養。

三、課程的基本要求

1．課程的要求：學完本課程，學生應該掌握如下能力：

①對于英國文學史有整體性把握；

②掌握分析和鑒賞文學作品的能力；

③獨立完成千字左右的文學作品評析的英語論文；

④掌握文學概念和相關文學流派的專業知識。

2．質量標準：在第五學期完成英國文學史中從中古時期到啟蒙時期的文學流派及相關作家，完成兩篇以上的英文作品分析論文；第六學期完成從浪漫主義時期到現代主義文學相關內容的學習，并整體把握整個英國文學史的脈絡，完成三篇以上的英文作品分析論文。同時檢驗學生是否了解、認識英國文學各個時期的主要文化、文學流派、主要作家及其代表作品，了解英國文學的發展歷史，并能夠用最基本的文化理論和批評方法，理解、分析文學作品，提高文學鑒賞力、語言表達能力，提高文學修養。

四、課程內容與學時分配

第五學期：

第一章序言(2 學時)

使學生對英國文學史和主要流派具有提綱挈領的認識。

第二章 中古世紀時期（2學時）

使學生掌握英國文學的起源及其形式和主要代表作品

第三章 杰弗里?喬叟(2學時)

使學生對史詩《貝奧武甫》和杰弗里?喬叟的作品思想內容和藝術特色具有深入認識。

第四章 威廉?莎士比亞，培根(4學時)

使學生對威廉?莎士比亞和培根的思想內容和藝術特色具有深入認識。

第五章 17世紀文學：多恩，彌爾頓，班揚（8學時)

通過本章學習，概要了解資產階級革命及復辟時期的歷史、文化背景，認識《失樂園》與《圣經》的關系；重點了解彌爾頓的主要創作、藝術特色及其代表作品分析。討論《失樂園》片段，理解人物撒旦的反叛精神。

第六章 十八世紀文學：笛福，斯威福特，費爾汀，謝里丹，哥德史密斯等(14學時)通過本章學習，概要了解啟蒙運動、古典主義、感傷主義、英國小說的興起和小說的要素；了解十八世紀小說的主要藝術特色及其代表作品分析。同時了解前浪漫主義詩歌思想的發展；分析布萊克代表作中表現的對自然的熱愛及宗教色彩；介紹彭斯作品《紅玫瑰》。

第六學期：

第七章 浪漫主義：華茲華斯，拜倫，雪萊，濟慈，斯科特，奧斯丁，蘭姆（10學時）通過本章學習，主要了解浪漫主義詩歌的特點，著重分析 華茲華斯，拜倫，雪萊的代表作品，同時掌握《傲慢與偏見》的藝術創作手法和主要人物分析。

第八章維多利亞時期的文學：狄更斯，薩克雷，艾略特，博朗特姐妹，布朗寧夫婦，胡德，丁尼生（10學時）

通過本章學習，概要了解批判現實主義文學的特點和意義，著重分析《霧都孤兒》，《名利場》，《簡愛》等。

第九章 二十世紀文學：哈代，哥德史密斯，王爾德，蕭伯納，勞倫斯，伍爾夫，喬伊斯（12學時）

通過本章學習，主要了解現代主義文學的特點，以及意識流的寫作手法，同時分析《苔絲》，《福塞特世家》，《道林格雷的畫像》，《兒子與情人》等作品。

五、課程教學方法：

本課是一門英語專業文學技能訓練課,可以采用如下教學方法：

1．學生預習工作：學生針對教學進度，在教師的指導和安排下，分小組準備對于作家作品的介紹，以幻燈片結合英語講解的形式進行，由教師根據學生的準備情況和展示情況記錄平時成績。

2． 授課方法：多媒體授課

教師在上課前要精心準備教學課件，課件內容應全面，包括各時期文學的時代背景介紹，作品流派的分析和講解，作家的生平和作品介紹，主要作品分析，寫作手法介紹以及相關測試試題。教師的授課內容具體包括：

（1）關于文學史的講授（含歷史背景、文學流派、文學常識等知識性和理論性內容）；

（2）通過布置思考題，要求學生在講授每篇作品前對作品進行閱讀和思考；

（3）課上組織學生對作品進行討論，討論的問題將圍繞某個作家、作品的突出特點，以便學生對其有所體會；

（4）課后要求學生對討論加以總結。

3． 學生的參與：教師在講解過程中，結合文學作品要求學生積極進行個人發言或小組討論，同時形成書面的研究論文。

4． 課外材料的補充：教師在介紹到重點作家作品的時候，適當安排給學生閱讀書目，同時利用學生的課下時間組織安排英國文學名著改編的電影的放映，學生自愿參加。

六、課程作業要求

本課程要求每學期作業不少于三次，作業內容為學生定期撰寫對于文學作品的讀后感或文學評論，字數在800字左右。同時學生輪流準備對于作家作品介紹的幻燈片展示，同時在課堂上展示出來，教師記錄平時成績。此外，每學期完成兩次的單元測驗，測驗同作業以及幻燈片一起累計六次平時成績，占期末總成績的30%。

七、課程考核方式

1．本課程為各學期的考試課，采取閉卷筆試方式進行。它的總成績評定包括平時成績，其中包括課堂表現，課后作業和測驗，課后作業每學期不少于3次，測驗每學期不少于4次）（30%）及期末測試（70%）。

2． 期末考核：每學期期末安排一次考試，同一年級由學院組織任課教師統一命題。考試目的：全面檢查英語專業高年級階段學生是否了解了英國文學的發展史，獲得了閱讀、欣賞、理解英語文學原著的能力，以及掌握了文學批評的基本知識和方法。考試要考察以下方面：

（1）識記：學生應該掌握一定的文學常識，包括流派、思潮、作家作品，要求學生能夠識別有代表性的選文出處及作者。

（2）領會：學生能根據所學的文學基本常識對特定選文的語言特點進行初步分析。

（3）簡單應用：學生應能夠在對特定作家的時代有所了解的情況下，分析作品內容所傳達的思想理念等；

（4）綜合應用：要求學生能綜合多方面的文學常識和概念等知識，結合具體的文本，參考前人的研究成果對作家作品提出初步的個人見解，能用英語表述觀點，并寫出簡單的論文。

3．期末試題題型：選擇題（作家、作品連線，10%）；填空題（10%）；判斷正誤（10%）文學名詞解釋（20%）判斷作品片段出處并回答相關問題（20%）；問答題（30%）。

八、教材與教學參考書

1．教材：

吳偉仁《英國文學史及選讀》 1988年外語教學與研究出版社

2．教學參考書：

（1）陳嘉，《英國文學史》，1986年商務印書館

（2）劉炳善，《英國文學史》，2004年河南人民出版社

（3）張鑫友，《英國文學史及選讀學習指南》2002年湖北科學技術出版社

教材的刪減與增補

刪減：因本教材中作家作品的選用科學，內容適當，故沒有刪減。但教師在授課中可結合本課程教學大綱對于作家作品進行有詳有略的介紹。

增補：在教學過程中，教師可針對不同的重要程度的文學作品加入相關文學評論或文學經典電影片段欣賞的內容。