第一篇：英語國家概況課程教學大綱

《英語國家概況》課程教學大綱

一、課程基本信息

課程代碼：03050201222 課程類別：必修課

學 時：總36學時；2學時/周 學 分：2學分 適用專業：英語

開課院（系）：英語語言文化系 開課學期：2009～2010學年第一學期

二、教學目標及教學要求

教學目標：根據全國專業英語教學大綱的要求，英語專業二年級英語國家概況的教學目標是培養學生實際運用語言的能力，幫助學生打下堅實的專業基礎，達到專業四級水平；同時培養學生良好學習作風和正確學習方法，培養學生邏輯思維能力和獨立工作能力，豐富學生社會文化知識，增強學生對文化差異的敏感性，為學生升入三年級打下扎實基礎。

教學要求：本課程主要是為了使英語專業學生了解主要英語國家的地理、歷史、經濟、政治等方面的概況，了解主要英語國家的文化傳統，風俗習慣和社會生活的其他情況。本課程是一門實用性很強的文化知識課。一方面通過英語閱讀主要英語國家的背景材料擴大知識面，另一方面通過學習文化知識進行語言基本功的訓練，鞏固和提高英語水平。

三、教學內容及學時分配

1.第一章

Britain: Land and People(2學時)目的要求：掌握英國的自然、地理、人口概況。基本內容：英國的自然自然、地理、人口概況。重點難點：英國的國家名稱及其組成成分。

2.第二章

Britain: History I（2學時）

目的要求：英國的古代史。基本內容: 英國的古代史。

重點難點：英國歷史上主要的入侵者，如：盎格魯·薩克遜人；諾曼征服及其影響。

3.第三章

Britain: History II（2學時）目的要求：英國的形成。基本內容: 英國的形成。

重點難點：英國歷史上的大憲章，百年戰爭，及其黑死病等重要歷史事件。

4.第四章

Britain: History III（2學時）目的要求：英國的近代史。基本內容：英國的近代史。

重點難點：英國宗教改革，文藝復興，英國內戰，光榮革命。

5.第五章

Britain: History IV（2學時）目的要求：英國的現代史。基本內容：英國的現代史。

重點難點：工業革命，英國與兩次世界大戰。

6.第六章

Britain: Education, Social Affairs, Cultural Affairs（2學時）目的要求：英國的教育，社會與文化。基本內容：英國的教育，社會與文化。

重點難點：英國的教育制度，英國的政治制度與政黨，英國的主要節日。

7.第七章

U.S.A.: Land and People-（2學時）目的要求：美國的自然、地理、人口概況。基本內容：美國的自然、地理、人口概況。

重點難點：美國的主要山脈，河流，自然區域以及人口組成。

8.第八章

American History I(2學時)目的要求：美國的早期發展史。基本內容：美國的早期發展史。

重點難點：美洲發現，獨立戰爭，憲法的形成，領土擴張，西進運動，南北戰爭。

9.第十章 American History II(2學時)目的要求：美國的近現代發展史。基本內容：美國的近現代發展史。

重點難點：美國與兩次世界大戰，大蕭條，新政。

10.第十一章 American History III(2學時)目的要求：美國的現代史。基本內容：美國的現代史。

重點難點：冷戰，民權運動，越南戰爭。

11.第十二章 Political Institutions(2學時)目的要求：美國政治體制。

基本內容：美國政治體制。

重點難點：三權分離，三權制衡，兩黨制。

12.第十三章 American Education(2學時)目的要求：美國教育制度。基本內容：美國教育制度。

重點難點：美國高等教育基本特點與美國教育分類。

13.第十四章 American Literature and Holiday(2學時)目的要求：美國文學名家，社會與文化。基本內容：美國文學名家，社會與文化。

重點難點：美國主要文學家及其代表作品，美國重要節日。3

14.第十五章 Canada(2學時)目的要求：加拿大發展簡史，人口及其文化。基本內容：加拿大發展簡史，人口及其文化。

重點難點：七年戰爭，英國與法國在北美的爭奪，雙語制、多元文化。

15.第十六章 Australia(2學時)目的要求：澳大利亞簡史及其當代社會文化。基本內容：澳大利亞簡史及其當代社會文化。

重點難點：多元文化，澳大利亞的早期開發，英國殖民簡史。

16.第十七章 New Zealand(2學時)目的要求：新西蘭簡史及其當代社會文化。基本內容：新西蘭簡史及其當代社會文化。重點難點：新西蘭的早期開發，英國殖民簡史。

17.第十八章 The Republic of Ireland(2學時)目的要求：愛爾蘭簡史及其當代社會文化。基本內容：愛爾蘭簡史及其當代社會文化;總復習。重點難點：愛爾蘭歷史。

18.總復習((2學時)

四、考核方式

閉卷考試

五、教材及主要教學參考書

教

材：《英語國家概況》，余志遠主編，外語教學與研究出版社，2006。參考書：《英國社會與文化》 上，下冊，朱永濤主編，高等教育出版社，2003。BBC英國史的視頻網址:

http://www.tmdps.cn/search_video/q_BBC%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B2

任課教師： 段玲琍

大綱主撰人： 徐婷婷

大綱審核人： 趙平靜

英語學院

2011年3月

第二篇：英語國家概況名詞解釋

Terms

1.A-level: General Certificate of Education Advanced Level referred to as A-level, It is a British general secondary education certificate examination’ advanced courses, is the British national curriculum system, and the students of the university entrance exam courses.2.bible: The Bible is the holy book of Christianity.It consists of two testaments.The Old Testament contains the Jewish writings before the coming of Christ.The much shorter New Testament contains four accounts(“gospel”)of the life of Christ, followed by the writings of the early Christians, of whom St Paul was the greatest.3.WASP:White Anglo-Saxon Protestant of the original meaning is to point to the United States in power elite group and its culture, customs and moral behavior standard, can now be referring to the European American Protestant people.This group has a huge economic and political power, American society and for the most part of the upper middle class.Despite the increasingly diverse American society, but their cultural, moral and value orientation is to a great extent, affects the development of the United States.4.Independence Day: commonly known as the Fourth of July, is a federal holiday in the United States celebrating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain.5.wall street:Wall Street is the financial district of New York City, named after and centered on the eight-block-long, 0.7 miles(1.1 km)long street running from Broadway to South Street on the East River in Lower Manhattan.Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financial sector(even if financial firms are not physically located there), or signifying New York-based financial interests.Wall Street is the home of the New York Stock Exchange, the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies.Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including NASDAQ, the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, and the former American Stock Exchange.Anchored by Wall Street, New York City has been called the world's principal financial center.6.Hollywood:is a district in the central region of Los Angeles, California, in the United States.It is notable for its place as the home of the entertainment industry, including several of its historic studios.Its name has come to represent the motion picture industry of the United States.Hollywood is also a highly ethnically diverse, densely populated, economically diverse neighborhood and retail business district.Hollywood was a small community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903.It merged with the City of Los Angeles in 1910, and soon thereafter a film industry began to emerge, eventually becoming dominant in the world.7.Pilgrim Fathers: is a name commonly applied to early settlers of the Plymouth Colony in

present-day Plymouth, Massachusetts, United States.Their leadership came from the religious congregations of Brownist English Dissenters who had fled the volatile political environment in England for the relative calm and tolerance of 16th–17th century Holland in the Netherlands.Concerned with losing their cultural identity, the group later arranged with English investors to establish a new colony in North America.8.Great Charter:Magna Carta(Latin for Great Charter), also called Magna Carta Libertatum or The Great Charter of the Liberties of England, is an Angevin charter originally issued in Latin in June 1215.It was sealed under oath by King John at Runnymede, on the bank of the River Thames near Windsor, England at June 15, 1215.Magna Carta was the first document forced onto a King of England by a group of his subjects, the feudal barons, in an attempt to limit his powers by law and protect their rights.Question:

Melting pot: is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements “melting together” into a harmonious whole with a common culture.It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States.The melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.The exact term “melting pot” came into general usage in the United States after it was used as a metaphor describing a fusion of nationalities, cultures and ethnicities in the 1908 play of the same name.Separation of powers: Separation of Powers(三權分立)is the basic of thewestern capitalist countries.The origin of the principle of separation of powers can be traced back to(追溯到)the period of Aristotle(亞里士多德時期).It is proposed to avoid the abuse of power(濫用權力).The US Government is divided into three branches so that no one branch has all the power.Each branch has its own purpose:

Legislative Branch(立法機構)— to make laws;

Executive Branch(行政機構)—to executive laws;

Judicial Branch(司法)—interpret the laws;

Civil war(U.S.): was a civil war fought from 1861 to 1865, after seven Southern slave states declared their secession and formed the Confederate States of America(the “Confederacy” or the “South”, which grew to include eleven states).The states that remained in the Union were known as the “Union” or the “North”.The war had its origin in the fractious issue of slavery, especially the extension of slavery into the western territories.Foreign powers did not intervene.After four years of bloody combat that left over 600,000 soldiers dead and destroyed much of the South's infrastructure, the Confederacy collapsed, slavery was abolished, and the difficult Reconstruction process of restoring national unity and guaranteeing civil rights to the freed slaves began.Presidential Election: is an indirect vote in which citizens cast ballots for a slate of members of the U.S.Electoral College;these electors in turn directly elect the President and Vice President.Presidential elections occur quadrennially(the count beginning with the year 1792)on Election Day, the Tuesday between November 2 and 8, coinciding with the general elections of various

other federal, states and local races.The most recent was the 2012 election, held on November 6.The next election will be the 2016 election, which will be held on November 8, 2016.British Newspaper culture: Traditionally, UK newspapers could be split into more serious-minded newspapers, usually referred to as the broadsheets due to their large size, and sometimes known collectively as “the quality press ”, and less serious newspapers, generally known as tabloids , and collectively as “the popular press”, which have tended to focus more on celebrity coverage and human interest stories rather than political reporting or overseas news.Democracy with a constitutional monarchy : Initially after the American and French revolutions, the question was open whether a democracy, in order to restrain unchecked majority rule, should have an élite upper chamber, the members perhaps appointed meritorious experts or having lifetime tenures, or should have a constitutional monarch with limited but real powers.Some countries(as The United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, Scandinavian countries, Thailand, Japan and Bhutan)turned powerful monarchs into constitutional monarchs with limited or, often gradually, merely symbolic roles.Often the monarchy was abolished along with the aristocratic system(as in France, China, Russia, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Greece and Egypt).Many nations had élite upper houses of legislatures which often had lifetime tenure, but eventually these lost power(as in Britain)or else became elective and remained powerful.Industrial Revolution: was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, improved efficiency of water power, the increasing use of steam power, and the development of machine tools.It also included the change from wood and other bio-fuels to coal.

第三篇：英語國家概況選擇題

Chapter1 1.The two main islands of the British Isles are A.不列顛群島的兩個主要島嶼是

A.Great Britain and Ireland C.Great Britain and Wales

B.Great Britain and Scotland

D.Great Britain and England 2.B is the capital city of Scotland.是蘇格蘭的首府

A.Belfast

B.Edinburgh C.Aberdeen D.Cardiff 3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, D is the smallest.在英國的四個部分中，是最小的

A.England Ireland B.Scotland

C.Wales

D.Northern 4.English belongs to the C group of Indo-European family of languages.英語屬于印歐語系語系

A.Celtic

B.Indo-Iranian C.Germanic D.Roman 5.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of D words to English.基督教傳入英國，增加了英語的第一個元素。

A.Danish and Finnish C.French and Italian

B.Dutch and German D.Latin and Greek 6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the A influence.中間英語的演變因影響而增強 A.Norman

B.Dutch

C.German

D.Danish 7.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of C.塞繆爾約翰遜的字典對建立標準形式有很大影響

A.grammar

B.handwriting C.spelling

D.pronunciation 8.At present, nearly C of the world’s population communicate in English.世界上幾乎人都用英語交流。

A.half

B.a quarter

C.one third

D.one fifth Chapter2 9.The D attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.對羅馬的進攻在410年結束了羅馬在英國的占領

A.Norman

B.Danish

C.Celtic

D.Germanic 10.By the late 7th century, D became the dominant religion in England.到了7世紀晚期，成為英格蘭的主流宗教

A.Celtic Christianity

B.Anglo-Saxon Christianity D.Roman Christianity C.Germanic Christianity

11.The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England.標志著英國封建制度的建立

A.Viking invasion

B.signing of the Magna Carta D.Adoption of common law C.Norman Conquest

12.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule ofC.玫瑰戰爭的結束導致了統治的結束

A.the House of Valois

B.the House of York C.the House of Tudor

D.the House of Lancaster 13.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to A.宗教改革的直接原因是國王亨利八世的努力

A.divorce his wife

B.break with Rome C.support the Protestants church

D.declare his supreme power over the 14.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between B.英國之間的內戰于1642年爆發

A.Protestants and Puritans C.nobles and peasants

B.Royalists and Parliamentarians D.aristocrats and Christians 15.A was passed after the Glorious Revolution.在光榮革命之后頒布

A.Bill of Rights

B.Act of Supremacy

D.Magna Carta C.Provisions of Oxford 16.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the C century.工業革命是在英國在世紀中葉完成的。

A.17th

B.18th

C.19th

D.20th Chapter3 17.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the C.英國政府的特點是，在除了以下的三個分支機構。

A.judiciary

B.legislature C.monarchy D.executive 18.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on D.英國君主制的重要性體現在它對的影響上

A.passing the bills C.political parties

B.advising the government

D.public attitude 19.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to B the House of Commons.作為一個修訂，上議院將會作為下議院的

A.rival

B.complement C.criticize D.inspect 20.Aisat the center of the British political system.英國政治體系的中心

A.The Cabinet

B.The House of Lords D.The privy Council

C.The house of Commons

21.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to B.英國秘密委員會的主要職責是

A.make decisions Cabinet B.give advice

C.pass bills D.supervise the 22.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a B system.般來說，英國議會在系統上運行

A.single-party B.two-party

C.three-party D.multi-party 23.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and D.保守黨的政策以實用主義和為特征

A.government intervention C.social reform

B.nationalization of enterprises D.a belief in individualism 24.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every C years.在英國，議會大選每隔年舉行一次。A.three

B.four

C.five

D.six Chapter5 Null Chapter6 Null Chapter8 Null Chapter9 Null Chapter10 Null Chapter12 Null Chapter13 Null

第四篇：日本國家概況課程感想

日本國家概況課程感想

對于日本，除了高中歷史和地理課本上講過的關于日本的內容之外，就沒有更多的了解了。也許是因為歷史原因，以前既不看日本電視劇，也不看日本的文學作品, 雖然與日本只是一水相隔，反而覺的它是一個神秘的國家。現在，作為英語專業的學生，日語成了我們的二外，再加上平時與日語專業同學的相處，耳濡目染，漸漸的也少了對日本這個國家的偏見，學著用客觀的眼光去看待它和它的人民。

在這一學期的日本國家概況課上，老師用有限的課時為我們介紹了日本最為著名的茶道、相撲、節日、動漫、建筑與園林等內容，涵蓋了經濟、政治、文化各方面的情況，我對日本也有了進一步的認識。欣賞了日本秀美的風光，也見識了日本豐富精美的料理。

其中，給我留下印象最深的一節是茶道。日本的茶道分為兩大宗系，一為抹茶道，一為煎茶道。老師在兩節課上分別讓我們品嘗了她帶來的煎茶和親手點的抹茶，并看了一段關于茶道的視頻。再加上老師的講解，我驚訝于日本茶道禮節的嚴格與程序的繁瑣，比如要雙手接茶碗，再轉三次茶碗，喝茶時要發出聲音，再用手擦碗，用懷紙擦手。在驚訝之后，便是對其茶文化由衷的感嘆，日本茶道，已成為日本的文化標志。試想，我們若要深入的了解日本，可能當我們被邀請至日本人家中，欣賞過墻上別致的掛軸，再輪番品上一碗茶，再對茶具鑒賞和贊美一番后，就會有深刻的感受了吧。茶道正是體現日本性格的一種藝術。

日本人是如此可怕的一個民族，他們能將喝茶這樣的一件小事演

變成一種道，乃至為世界稱道的一種文化，足見他們的用心與認真。更加值得我們深思的地方在于茶道由中國傳入日本，而真正將其發揚光大的卻是日本人，世界人民提起茶道首先想到的也是日本，他們是善于學習的民族，當然這也是日本國強大的原因所在。

其次，日本的和服也對我有極大的吸引力。老師在上課時介紹了很多種和服，包括留袖、振袖、浴衣等，不同的和服有不同的特點，在我看來，每一件都很漂亮。想到和服也是從中國引進的，心里不禁有些酸溜溜的。和服現在是他們的民族服裝，在特殊的時節穿著和服，代表的是日本的文化，而我們的民族服裝早已在新文化運動和革命時期消逝了，我們結婚或參加別的鄭重場合時穿的是代表西方文明的婚紗和西服。也許現在只有唐裝可以代表我們的民族身份了。

我們中國的文化博大精深，只是，在我們迫切的發展經濟的同時，希望也別丟掉了我們華夏民族的身份和我們的文化，要將我們的文化推向世界。

第五篇：2014英語國家概況判斷題

In the early 20th century, those dominating American life were mostly WASPs.正確

In the US, scientific and economic advance and rising material progress have been accompanied by a decline in religious observance.錯誤

The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according to tradition.錯誤

In Britain, class and educational differences are reflected in the newspaper people read.正確

The world' s oldest daily newspaper is The Observer.錯誤 Horse racing is the true royal sport.正確

Under a Constitutional Amendament passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only one term.錯誤

The state of Hawaii is a big island in the central Pacific Ocean錯誤.Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics.正確

There is more violence in the US than in other industrialized countries.正確

According to the textbook, larger American universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive錯誤.Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials.錯誤

“ We Shall Overcome!” is a very famous song during the 1960s.錯誤

The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US now is the blacks, or Afro-Americans.錯誤

Drug abuse in the US has come to be regarded as one of the most challenging social problems facing the nation.錯誤

Yellowstone National Park is the oldest national park in the US正確.John F.Kennedy was the first Catholic elected as the US president正確.The theory of poltiics of the American Revolution came from John Locke, a French philosopher in the 17th century.錯誤

Britain has a written constitution like most countries.錯誤 Queen Elizabeth II is both the head of the state and the head of government in the UK.錯誤

Secrecy is an important part of the voting process.正確 The Labour Party is the oldest party in the UK.錯誤

By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe.正確

The British state actively interferes with the decision of when,where, how and what children are taught.錯誤

The tradition of having Sunday off derived from the Christian Church.正確

It takes at least four years to get a bachelor' s degree from an institution of higher education in the US.正確

You must have the A-level qualification to enter British university.錯誤

Britain is no longer an imperial country.正確

Scotland was never conquered by the Romans.正確

A great moment for the civil rights movement was the March on Washington on August, 1963 when President Kennedy gave the famous “ I Have a Dream” speech.錯誤

It is not very difficult to generalize about the American way of life.錯誤

The most exciting moment in baseball game is a homerun.正確 Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “ Gaelic”.錯誤

The British media play an important role in shaping a national culture.正確

To advertise in a British newspaper, the only thing you have to worry about is the cost.錯誤

Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday.錯誤

When the War of Independence was over, the US was on unified nation as it is today.錯誤

The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of

individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights.正確

Super Bowl will decide the champion baseball team of the year in the US.錯誤

Ireland is part of Great Britain錯誤

The Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1998.正確 Critics of the affirmative action programs are of the opinion that this results in reverse discrimination.正確

The anti-war teach-in by white students in Berkeley began the civil rights movement in the 1960s.錯誤

When the civil rights movement began, non-violent, direct action tactics like “ sit-ins” and boycotts were he chief vehicle for social protest.正確

George Washington, Banjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded as the founing fathers of the USA.錯誤

Hollywood films give the wrong impressions that all Americans are rich.正確

Thre are more than 100 Protestants sects in the US today.正確

Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.正確

It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involved the sport of boxing.錯誤

It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world.正確

The British Prime Minister is directly elected by the people.錯誤

According to the textbook, there are two major political parties in the UK.錯誤

The Conservative Party is the party that spent most time in power正確.The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children.正確

All secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised by the government.錯誤

The Open Univeristy uses many non-traditional ways to teach students, such as TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, videos, and a network of study centers.正確

The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of the British people.正確

Scotland was unified with England through violent means.錯誤 Segregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional after the decision of the Supreme Court in 1954.正確

The US was founded on the principle of human equality, and in reality the nation has lived up to that ideal.錯誤