第一篇：人教版高一英語上冊詞匯短語知識點總結.

Unit One必會習語 1.What is sb.like? What does sb.look like? What does sb.like? How does sb like/find sth? 2.argue with sb.about sth 因 … 和某人爭執 3.enjoy/hate sth/ doing sth 4.so / nor/ neither + 系動/助動/情動 + 主語 So it is with...;It is the same with...5.be into 對 … 深感興趣 =be interested in;have/show interest in 5.be fond of 喜歡 care for;like;enjoy;6.surf the internet 上網沖浪 7.all the time 一直 總是

8.imagine that...;imagine(sb/sb’ s doing sth imagine sb to be 想像某人是 CHUCK’S FRIEND 7.cast away 拋棄

8.so…that…/such…that… 如此 … 以致 … He was so excited that he could not speak.So excited was he that he could not speak.It was such a lovely day that we decided to go outing.It was so lovely a day that we decided to go outing.It is amusing that such little birds eat so much food.9.the Pacific Ocean;the Atlantic Ocean;the Indian Ocean;the arctic Ocean;10.survive the crash 在空難中幸存 11.a deserted island 荒島 12.all alone 獨自 = all by oneself 區別:alone 單獨的;獨自的 lonely 孤獨的;寂寞的 13.hunt for 搜尋 尋找 search for;12.make fire 生火

13.in order to 為了 so as to;in order that;so that 14.even though/even if 即使,縱然 as if / as though 15.treat…as/like… 把 … 當作 regard...as...;think of...as 16.share sth.with sb.與 … 分享 share(in sth 分享 17.care about/for 關心,照顧,喜歡

care to do sth 愿意做;care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做 care + 從句 愿意;介意 18.should have done 本來應該 =ought to have done

19.make friends with 與 … 交朋友 20.such as 例如 for example;for instance WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR 21.keep...as a pet 22.regard...as...;treat...as;think of...as;consider...as/to be 23.be loyal to;be faithful to;be devoted to 忠誠于

24.be quick in mind and action 思維敏捷行動迅速 INTEGRATING SKILLS 25.have fun;enjoy oneself;have a wonderful time 26.drop me a line 給某人寫短信 WORKBOOK 27.keep…in mind 把 … 記住 learn...by heart;remember 28.in error / by mistake 由于錯誤或疏忽 29.tie up(one’s hair 扎起來 do up 30.run into 偶然遇見;遭遇;與...相撞 come across;meet by chance;happen to meet 31.be proud of 以 … 而感驕傲 take pride in 32.run a restaurant 開餐館 start a restaurant run a business 做生意 33.skip classes 逃課

33.keep an eye on 照顧;注視;stare at 盯著看 34.make fun of 取笑某人;laugh at 35.It is possible(for sb to do;It is possible/probable/likely that...Sb.+ is(most likely to do sth.Sth.+ is probable 36.be curious about 對 … 感到好奇 be curious that...have the curiosity about 37.have problems with 在...有問題

38.even if you are thousand miles apart即使你們分別在幾千英里 39.despite = in spite of 盡管;不管 regardless of Unit 2 必會習語 Warming up 1.for the first time 第一次;首先 at first;first of all 2.have a good flight(坐飛機旅途愉快 3.all the way 一路

4.at all(否定:根本;疑問:到底;條件:竟然 above all 首先;首要的 after all 畢竟;in all 總共

5.make oneself at home 不拘束, 別客氣

6.There you are.你來了。Here you are.給你。ENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD 7.all around the world 世界各地 throughout the world 8.the majority of 大多數的 the minority of 9.in total;in all;altogether 總共

10.the number of … 的數量(large;small 謂語動詞單數 a number of 一些;許多

11.except for 除了...之外;要不是

except 除了...都;besides 除了...還;except +從句 except(除去指在整體中除去行為未發生者(不包括在內

except for(除了有 … 之外 指在一個整體中除去其中某個或某些因素,前后兩個名 詞性質不同。

except that(除去;除掉 后接從句,還有 except when, except what;except where等 besides(除了 … 還 包括在整體之內

but(除了...之外 和 except 同義,與否定詞或疑問詞連用 11.communicate with sb.與...交流,聯絡 12.have a good knowledge of 對...很熟悉;通曉 GRAMMAR 祈使句間接引語

Ask sb(not to do sth 請某人做 /不做某事

Tell sb(not to do sth 讓某人不做某事 Order sb(not to do sth 命令某人做 /不做某事 13.help sb.with sth 在某方面幫助某人 help sb do sth;help do sth;幫助 assist sb with sth;assist sb to do sth;assist in doing sth.協助某人做...14.stand still 站著不動;stay still;lie still 15.leave the door open 讓門一直開著 leave the light on 讓燈一直亮著

leave sb doing sth 留置 /聽任...保持...(做某事 的狀態 leave...done 留置 /聽任...保持...(被...的狀態 16.turn down /up the radio 把收音機聲音關小/開大 turn up 出現 turn down 拒絕 turn off / on 關掉/打開

turn in 上繳;turn out 結果是;被證明是 17.stay up 熬夜;不睡覺 Integrating skills 18.come about 發生;happen;take place;break out 19.There is no quick answer to this question.20.in the same way 用同樣的方式 in different ways 不同 in this way 這樣 in no way 決不

in the way 擋道;妨礙 out of the way 不擋道 in a way 在某種程度上;在某一點上 on the way 在路上;即將發生 by the way 順便說 /問一下;by way of 經由;經過

21.stay the same = remain the same.保持不變 22.at the same time 同時 =meanwhile 23.end up with 以...(形式告終 begin/start with end in failure 以失敗而告終 24.more or less 或多或少

25.have difficulty/trouble in doing sth 做某事有困難 26.a great many;many a;a great number of(可數 a great many factories 區分 a great many of the factories a great deal of;a large amount of;(不可數

a large quantity of;large quantities of;plenty of;lots of 27.bring in 帶來;引進 bring out 出版;生產;揭露 bring about 引起;導致 bring up 撫養;培養

WORKBOOK 29.shut up 閉嘴 30.pass away 去世

31.promise sb to do sth 答應某人做某事 promise that...make a promise 32.make a decision 做出決定 =decide 33.marry sb;與某人結婚 get married to sb be married to sb 34.at least 至少 at most 最多

35.a little bit 區分:a little;a bit;a bit of;not a bit;not a little 36.chat on line 網上聊天

37.stay in touch =keep in touch with sb.= keep track of 保持聯系

get in touch with;取得聯系 lose touch with 失去聯系 38.because of 區分 because thanks to 多虧了 as a result of 由于...的結果 due to 由于,因為 owing to 由于;因為

39.not only...but also..(用于句首時,前句倒裝

Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher, she also became very interested in Canada.(前句倒,后句不倒

Not only the students but also the teacher doesn’t understand this sentence.(并列 主語,不倒裝,謂語就近一致

40.as many as;as much as 和...一樣多 as many books as as much money as His son is as naughty a boy as he used to be when he was young.41.in the name of 以....的名義 Unit 3必會習語

WARMING UP & SPEAKING 1.consider...(as/to be...認為...是 consider sb to have done 認為某人做過某事 consider it +n./adj.for sb to do sth consider doing sth 考慮要做某事 consider +疑問詞 + to do sth 考慮...consider that從句 認為;考慮 in consideration of 報答;由于 take...into consideration 顧及,考慮到 under consideration 在考慮中,在研究中

2.means of transportation/transport 交通方式

Every possible means has been tried, but none worked.All possible means have been tried,...by all means 不惜一切 =in all ways by this means 用這種方法 =in this way by no means 決不;一點也不 =in no way by means of 通過, 借助于 = by 3.in time 及時;早晚;總有一天 travel in time 在時空中旅行 on time 準時 in no time 馬上;立刻

at that time 那時 at times 有時 for the time being 暫時的

4.prefer sth / to do sth / sb to do sth 更喜歡;較喜歡 prefer doing A to doing B 寧愿做某事

prefer A to B;喜歡 A 勝于 B = like A better than B prefer to do A rather than do B 寧愿做 A 而不愿做 B 5.in space 在太空 in outer space 在外部空間 ADVENTURE TRAVEL 6.get away(from 擺脫;離開 break away from 脫離 get rid of 去除 7.more and more 越來越 …

8.instead of 代替;而不是(區分:instead rather than

9.try doing 試驗做 try to do sth 努力去做;試圖作 manage to do sth = succeed in doing sth 設法做到了某事 attempt to do sth;make an attempt to do sth 企圖做某事 10.get close to 靠近;接近

11.experience life 體驗生活 experience C.n 經歷 U.n.經驗 12.take exercise 進行鍛煉 have sports;do sport exercise C.n 練習題(pl 體操 U.n 鍛煉 13.go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行 14.watch out(for...留神;提防

15.protect… from/against … 保護 … 免受 … 16.be careful(not to do sth 小心(不 做某事 be careful about 注意 be careful with 小心;17.as with....也一樣 as to / for 至于;關于 18.think about 考慮 think of 想到,想起 think over 仔細考慮 think out 想出 19.go rafting 去漂流

20.unless = if not 除非...否則...You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim.(條件 區分:until You must not get off the bus until it has stopped.(時間 GRAMMAR 現在進行時表示將來的計劃,打算

How are you getting to the airport? 一般現在時表示時刻表的將來 My plane leaves at seven this evening.21.go on separate holidays 分別去度假

22.in a few days’ time = in a few days =a few days later 幾天后 after 和 in 的區分 23.go off to;be off to 動身去 leave for;24.see sb off 給某人送行 meet sb 接某人 25.take a taxi to 乘出租車 go to...by taxi 26.have a nice / pleasant trip/journey 祝旅途愉快 27.say “Hi” to sb.for me 代我向某人問好 give my regards to sb remember me to sb.28.The same to you.我也祝愿你。對比:It’s the same with......也一樣

It’s all the same to sb 對某人而言是一樣的。I have the same pencil bag as yours/ you have.29.in the past 在過去 in the old days 30.at present 目前;at the present time;nowadays 31.in the future 在未來;將來 in future 以后

32.used to do sth 過去常做某事

be used to do sth 被用來做 be used for(doing sth be used to sth/doing sth習慣于 get used to doing INTEGRATING SKILLS 33.combine…with… 把 … 和 … 結合起來(為了共同目的合并 connect...with/to...把...和...連接起來(通過媒介物連接

link...with/to join...to...(直接連接

34.on(the one hand… , on the other hand … 一方面 …, 另一方面..35.so that = in order that 為了 …;以便 … 36.learn about 了解;學習有關 … 知識 37.as well as =and 也;又;以及 as well = too 38.by doing sth...通過作某事 by means of doing 39.make money 掙錢;賺錢 earn money 40.the four of you 你們四個人 four of you 你們其中的四個人

41.prepare(sth for...為 … 做準備...get ready for prepare sb for sth 使某人為某事做好準備

be well prepared(for;為...做好了充分的準備 =be ready for make preparations for 為...做準備

42.make notes 做筆記 take notes WORKBOOK 43.take off(飛機起飛;脫掉(衣帽鞋

44.go on holiday 去度假 go to(a place for a holiday INTEGRATING SKILLS 45.fill…with… 給 … 充滿 … be filled with;be full of 充滿了 46.the way(in which/that + 定語從句

the/a way of doing sth = the/a way to do sth 做某事的方法 47.catch up with 趕上 keep up with 跟上;不落后 48.reach out(for sth 伸手去(拿,碰

49.pay attention to 注意 focus one’s attention on

call /draw/attract one’s attention to 吸引某人的注意力于 WRITING 50.give away 贈送, 放棄, 泄漏(機密 give up 放棄 give in(to sb 屈服 give out 分發;發出(光,熱,氣,味等 give off 發出(光,熱,氣,味等 51.come up with 提出;想到(主意;Unit 4 必會習語

WARMING UP & LISTENING & SPEAKING

1.talk about 談論;議論 talk with sb;talk of 提到 2.host the 2008 Olympic Games 舉辦 2000年奧運會 3.take place = come about;happen 發生

4.be caught in(a rain;a traffic jam;the earthquake 偶然遇上(雨,交通堵塞 , 地震等

5.create a dialogue = make up a dialogue 編對話 6.play tennis 打網球

7.for fun = as a joke 開玩笑的;不是認真的;為了取樂的 8.I hope so.I hope not.9.shout /call for help 呼救

10.go on(a holiday 去度假 go to...for a holiday on holiday 在度假

11.on fire 著火 catch fire 著火;set fire to=set...on fire 縱火 make fire 生火 12.I’m afraid of +n.害怕 I’m afraid that...擔心

I’m afraid to do sth 不敢做某事 I’m afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 I’m afraid so.恐怕是這樣 I’m afraid not.恐怕不會。

THE RESCUE 13.a natural disaster 自然災害

14.hear/see sb.doing sth 聽見 /看見某人正在做某事 hear/ see sb do sth 聽見 /看見某人做過某事(五看二聽一感覺

15.look around 環顧;四處看 16.advance towards 朝 … 前進 17.before +從句 還沒來得及...18.be upon 逼近;臨近19.sweep sb down 把...沖到了

20.drag 拖拉(重物;(比較艱難緩慢,有阻力 drag oneself along 拖著沉重的步子走 pull 拉;扯(應用范圍比較廣

pull a tooth 拔牙 pull the door open 拉開門 pull at 拉扯 pull up 拉起來;拉上來 draw 拉(比較從容、平穩不費力

draw one’s attention 吸引注意;draw a conclusion 得出結論 draw back 后退 draw money from bank 從銀行取錢

draw near 就要來臨;逼近

21.get on one’s feet(艱難的站起來 get up;stand up 22.hold on to 抓住 23.pull up 拉起來;拉上來 24.against the wall 倚著墻

25.fight for 為 … 而戰 struggle for 為 … 而斗爭 26.look into 往 … 里面看;瀏覽;調查

look into one’s eyes 注視著某人 stare at;fix one’s eyes on;look sb in the mirror 照鏡子 look sb up and down 上下打量某人 20.with a look of fright 害怕的;恐懼的

21.around the corner 即將來臨, on its way;draw near;in store 22.cut down 砍倒;削減 cut up 切碎 cut off 切斷 cut in 插嘴;加塞 cut out 刪除;剪下來 cut away 剪掉 23.three meters deep 三米深 three metres in depth a three-meter-deep hole = a hole of three meters deep 24.sweep away(風 吹走;(浪 卷走;sweep down 吹倒;席卷;沖倒

25.work out 計算出;想出(辦法;制定(計劃;work at 從事;致力于 work on 繼續工作;從事于

26.refer to 指的是;談到;提到;查閱 WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR 定語從句:限制性定語從句,非限制性定語從句

27.strike ,普通用詞, “ 打一下;打幾下 ” ,不一定有意;“ 敲鐘 ”。hit , “ 擊中, 打,對準 ” ,著重敲打或打擊對方的某一點

beat ,連續的打擊;如毆打或體罰等;游戲競賽戰爭中擊敗 knock 敲;打;撞擊

27.advance the deadline 提前最后期限;28.pull at/on 拉一下

29.seize an opportunity/chance 抓住機會 = grasp/take/grab...chance 可能性 U.n.& C.n There is a chance/no chance of sb doing sth that 從句

The chances /chances are that...可能...by chance 偶然

30.(區分:pay;cost;spend;take sb pay money for sth sth cost sb money sb spend money on sth;sb spend time/money in doing sth

It takes sb time to do sth 31.in town 在城里 in the country(side 在鄉下 go to town 進城 go to the country(side 下鄉 INTEGRATING SKILLS 32.take a photo of sb / sb doing sth 給 … 照相 33.in a second = in a very shore time 34.a two-day trip 一次兩天的旅行 35.the next morning 第二天早上 WORKBOOK 36.on the morning of April 18th, 1906 37.as a result of 由于 … 的結果 as a consequence of 34.A +動詞 /be + ten times larger than+B 比 … 大十倍 A +動詞 /be +ten times as large as+B 是 … 的十倍 A +動詞 /be +ten times the size of+B 是 … 的十倍(number/amount/height/length/depth/width/age Unit 5 必會習語 SPEAKING 1.while still a student = while she was still a student 還是個學生的時候(狀語從句 的省略現象

(you Don’t talk while(you are eating.When(he was asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful.The boys will go out to play football whenever(it is possible.I won’t go to his birthday party unless(I am invited.2.play/act a role 扮演角色 play the role of...play a part/role in...在...中起作用

3.after graduating/graduation(from...畢業以后 4.work as an actress 做演員

5.during/in the 1980s 二十世紀八十年代 6.win a prize 獲獎 win a game/a battle/honour beat/defeat sb 打敗某人 win sb.把某人爭取過來 7.get married(to sb;結婚(瞬間 =marry sb.be married(to sb 結婚(延續

7.in the beginning = at first 開始的時候 反義;in the end = at last;finally;eventually 最后 8.make money 賺錢 earn money GETTING TO KNOW STEVEN SPIELBERG

9.make a film /blockbuster /follow-ups 拍電影 /巨片/續集 10.The reason……is that…..原因是 … This is because...這是因為...for this reason;for some reason;for some reasons the reason for +n./doing sth the reason why/ for which...定語從句 reason 與 cause 的區別 cause of the fire/accident 11.work on 從事于;制作

12.take off 起飛;脫掉;很快上升;開始流行/暢銷 13.by the sea 在海邊;by sea 乘船;in the sea 在海里 on the sea 在海面上 at sea 在海上;航海中;茫然 14.be afraid to do sth 不敢作某事 be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 be afraid that 擔心;恐怕

15.come from outer space 來自外部空間 16.cut/tear…in to pieces 把 … 切/撕成碎片 cut/tear...into halves 把...切 /撕成兩半 17.do research(in/into...搞研究

18.go wrong 出錯;出故障;走錯道 do a little wrong 19.in the end 最后;終于 at the end of在 … 末尾/盡頭 by the end of 到 … 末為止

19.meat-eating dinosaurs 食肉恐龍

20.owe sth to sb.= owe sb sth 把 … 歸功于;感謝;欠(債 WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR 21.can’t help doing sth 情不自禁, 忍不住做某事 can’t help do sth 不能幫忙做某事

22.pass the exam 考試及格 fail(in the exam 考試不及格 NOT ONE LESS 23.a thirteen-year-old girl 十三歲小姑娘

a girl of thirteen years old;a girl of thirteen years of age;a girl aged thirteen 24.stay/be away for a month 離開一個月 25.take one’s place;take the place of 代替 26.lock …up 把 … 鎖起來

27.run after 追趕;追求;追捕 be after 28.escape(from...從...逃離

escape from / flee(from /run away from a country escape doing sth;escape being caught 沒有被抓住 catch sb doing sth;be caught doing sth

29.run away from school 逃學 skip classes 30.determine to do sth;make up one’s mind;decide be determined to do sth 決意 / 決心做某事

31.go to town 進城 in town 在城里 go to the country in the country 32.on the air 正在廣播;播送 =be broadcast go on the air 開始廣播 go off the air 停止廣播 in the air在空中;(消息等 在傳播 , 懸而未決的 by air = by plane 33.live adj 活的(動物;現場直播的;adv.以實況的 living adj 活著的;有生命的;現行的(前置定語;表語 alive adj 活著的,(后置定語;表語

a living language 現行的語言

the greatest living poet 當代最偉大的詩人 a live fish 活魚

the live gala on New Year’s Eve 直播的新年除夕晚會 the only man alive 唯一還活著的人 34.all the other pupils 所有其他學生 35.together with 和 … 一起

36.in one’s own words 用自己的話 in other words 換句話說 37.make comments on / make a comment on 對 … 發表評論 38.give one’s opinions about 對 … 發表意見

39.think highly/well of =speak highly of 40.encourage sb to do sth WORKBOOK 39.lead to + n.通往;導致 result in;cause sb to do sth lead sb to do sth 導致某人作某事 lead to sb doing sth lead sb(in doing sth;帶領某人做

lead sb + 介詞短語 40.make/earn a living 謀生 41.at a high /low price 以高 /低價 42.make a decision 做出決定

43.accept one’s apology 接受某人的道歉 apologize to sb;make an apology to sb.向某人道歉

44.break down 出故障;壞了;分解 break up 拆散 45.at full / high speed 高速 at a speed of 100 miles per hour speed up 加速 speed by 飛馳而過

46.the World Cup Final 世界杯決賽

47.think highly/well of 對 … 高度評價 speak highly of 48.observe / obey the law 遵守法律 break the law 49.give sb a second look 再看某人一眼 50.make a fool of sb 愚弄某人 = fool sb.51.turn out 結果變成

52.depend on / rely on 依靠, 依賴

53.stand by sb 支持某人 support sb /take sb’s side 54.meet with 遇見

55.encourage sb to do sth 鼓勵某人干某事

56.lead the life of a real princess 過上真正的公主生活 57.make one’ s career 在事業上有所成就

58.be clear about 對 … 清楚

59.combine ….with… 把 … 和 … 結合起來 60.compare…with… 把 … 和 … 比較 compare...to...把...比作...compared to/with 與...相比

Compared to men, fewer women smoke in China.Unit 6 必會習語 Warming up & Speaking 1.apologize to sb.for sth/doing sth 因 … 向 … 道歉 make an apology to sb.for sth/ doing sth 2.mean + n./doing sth 意思是;意味著

mean +n./to do sth/ that-clause 打算;意欲;有 … 的意圖 mean sb to do sth.打算(使/讓某人作某事

He meant no harm to you./ He meant you no harm.He means his son to become a doctor.Table Manners At A Dinner Party 3.for the first time “ 第一次 ”(作狀語

the first time “ 第一次 ”(相當于連詞引導時間狀語從句

This is the first time that….“ 這是第 … 次作某事了 ”(從句中用完成時 On that day the scientist took us to the lab for the first time.The first time we met, she wore a pair of glasses.This is the first time that I have been here.4.make / leave / create a good impression(on sb 留下好印象 impress on sb 5.be impressed by/with 對...留下印象 6.drink a toast 祝酒 drink to+n.為...干杯 7.start with = begin with 以 … 開始 end up with 以 … 結束 end in failure 8.keep silent 保持沉默

9.for a moment(一會兒;in a moment(過一會兒;at the moment(此時;after a moment(過了一會兒 for the moment(暫時;at any moment(隨時

10.at the table 在桌前 at table 在吃飯 in the hospital / in hospital in the prison / in prison /go to the prison /go to prison in the church / in church / go to the church / go to church go to the school / go to school 11.will 作情態動詞 , 表意愿 , 決心 , 可用于 if 條件句中 You’d better not drink too much if you drive home after the party.He will come to see you if he has time.If you will turn down the TV.There is really too much noise.If you will read the book, I can lend it to you.11.all the time 一直

12.drink to sb’s health / drink to sb.13.raise one’s glass 舉杯 14.take a sip 呡一小口

15.change over time 經過一段時間 16.follow the fashion of the day 跟隨時尚 17.lay the table 擺桌子 18.serve the dishes 上菜

serve the people 為人民服務 serve in the army 服役

This restaurant serves Chinese food.(供應 LANGUAGE STUDY 19.mix…with 把 … 和 … 混合 be mixed with 20.extra information 額外信息 21.leave out 省略

22.wish you all the best = best wishes for you.Workbook Exercises 23.look forward to +n./doing 盼望;期盼 … 24.stare at 盯著看 25.pay the bill 買單;付帳單 May I have the bill, please? 26.behave oneself 注意自己的言行舉止 behavior 27.It is certain that… 肯定 … It is uncertain whether/when, etc….Sb +be sure/certain to do sth 一定會做某事 Sb +be sure/certain about/of...對...有把握 Sb +be sure/certain that...相信...Sb +be not sure/certain whether/what...28.fairy tales 童話

29.belong to 屬于(不用被動、進行時

30.direct the traffic 指揮交通

31.produce / make /generate electricity 發電

32.hang(hanged/hanged oneself vt.上吊;絞死 hang-hung-hung 懸掛;vi.& vt.33.The Hope Project 希望工程 Good Manners in the World 34.communicate with 與 … 交流 35.shake hands with sb 和 … 握手 36.look right into sb's eyes/face 直視著 37.blow one's nose 擤鼻涕

38.in public 在公共場所 make...public;the public 39.think…to be… 認為 … 是 …think of...as

40.at home and abroad 在國內外

41.give sb.some advice on sth / doing sth/how to do sth 給某人提建議 take/follow sb's advice 聽某人的勸告

42.lead sb to do sth 導致某人做某事 lead to sb doing sth 43.pay a visit to sb/a place 拜訪 , 參觀 call on sb / call at a place drop in(on sb /(at a place 44.make jokes about 拿 … 開玩笑;講笑話

play a joke on sb;have a joke about have a joke with sb;joke with sb 和...開玩笑 tell jokes 講笑話

make fun of 取笑 laugh at 嘲笑;譏笑 Unit 7 必會詞語 A CITY OF HEROES 1.cultural relics/sites 文化古跡 2.in one's opinion 以某人的意見 3.Where there is a river, there is a city.4.on the bank of a river 在河岸/畔 5.during/in one's lifetime;in all one's life;throughout one's life 在某人的一生中 6.look like something out of a fairy tale 像是從童話種走出來的一樣 7.in history 在歷史上

8.under attack/fire 被攻擊(under=in the process of under arrest;under discussion;under construction;

under consideration;under control;under examination;under investigation;under observation;under repairs;9.give in(to sb 讓步,屈服 give up 放棄 give out 發放;發出(光;熱;氣等;用盡 give off 散發(光;熱;氣 give away 拋棄;捐贈 give over 轉交,移交 =hand over 10.in ruins 廢墟 bring…to ruin 使 … 變成廢墟 =ruin sth come/go to ruin=fall into ruin 變成廢墟

11.lie in pieces on the ground 成為碎片撒了一地 12.We will do everything/all/what we can to save our city.13.It seems(to me that…;It seems as if …;There seems to be… S.+ seems/seemed to...14.bring…back to life 使 … 復蘇, 使 … 蘇醒 come back to life 復蘇;蘇醒

15.with the help of =with sb's help 在 … 的幫助下 16.including sth./ sth.included 包括 … 在內 區分:include 和 contain

This album contains 30 maps, including three of China.17.look out over the city 俯視這個城市 18.come true 實現(realize one’s dream come easy/right/loose 19.Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.形容詞做伴隨性狀語: Cruso returned home, full of fear.The policeman put down the telephone, satisfied with a smile on his face.I went to bed, hungry.LANGUAGE STUDY & GRAMMAR 19.over a period of 150 years 經過 150 年 19.change one's mind 改變主意

20.in men's table tennis singles / doubles event 在男子乒乓球單打比賽中 21.pull down 推倒;拆

21.send up 發射 send for;send out;22.set up 成立;建立;found;put up;build 23.turn/change…into… 把 … 變成

24.keep the same look 保持原貌 25.so far = up till now 到目前為止 INTEGRATING SKILLS 26.make + 賓語+賓語補足語 使的 … make + 賓語 + do sth =sb be made to do sth + n.+ adj.+ done make one's voice heard;make oneself known/understood WORKBOOK EXERCISES 27.provide / supply sth for sb = provide sb with sth.給 … 提供 offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 28.be careful with 對 … 小心/認真 29.have much /little/nothing in common 有很多/幾乎沒有/沒有共同之處 30.be made up of 由 … 組成 consist of 31.settle down 定居 settle a problem 32.keep in touch with 與 … 保持聯系 keep track of

get in touch with 與 … 取得聯系 be out of touch with 與 … 失去聯系 lose touch with 與 … 失去聯系

33.bring down/up the price 降價/提價 v.t go down /up v.i 34.put up a notice 張貼布告 35.the State Council 國務院 THE RESCUE OF ABU SIMBEL 36.for several reasons 由于一些原因

37.all through the year =all the year round 一年四季 throughout the year 38.rise by 63 meters 上升了 63 米 by 表示 “ 相差程度 ”

39.as a result /consequence of 由于 … 的結果 40.date from = date back to 追溯于;始建于 This temple dates from the Song Dynasty.The temple, dating back to the Song Dynasty, will be pull down.41.in danger 處于危險中;out of danger 脫離危險

42.be carved in rock 被刻在巖石上 43.make a plan for 為 … 制訂計劃

44.stone by stone 一塊石頭一塊石頭地 one by one 45.in all = in total =altogether 總共 46.be marked with 被標上 … 記號 47.Three Gorges Dam 三峽大壩 48.The Temple of Heaven 天壇 Unit 8 必會習語

WARMING UP & SPEAKING 1.the Olympic Games 奧運會

2.stand for 代表;容忍;支持 /擁護;為...候選人 區分:represent 和 stand for 3.the Olympic Torch Relay 奧運火炬接力 4.the host city 主辦城市

5.be worth +n.值 … sth.+ be worth doing … 值得做 be worthy of + n.be worthy of being done be worthy to be done It is worth while to do sth / doing sth 6.score 20 points 得 20分(v.a score of people 20人 two score of people 40人 three score and ten of people 70人 scores of people 許多人

注意:a dozen eggs 十二個雞蛋 two dozen eggs a dozen of these eggs 一打這種雞蛋 dozens of eggs 許多雞蛋 THE OLYMPIC GAMES 7.every four years 每四年;每隔三年 every fourth year 每第四年 every other year 每隔一年 every few years 每隔幾年

8.take part in = join in = participate in 參加

attend 出席 join sb(in doing sth 和某人一起做某事 9.compete in 參加(競賽 compete against/with 與 … 相對抗 compete for 為 … 而競爭

10.allow /permit/forbid sb to do sth 允許 /禁止某人做某事 allow/permit/forbid doing sth 允許 /禁止做某事

Nothing is permitted;everything is allowed.一切都不(明文準許;但也不(明文禁止。

11.in modern times 在現代 in ancient times 在古代 12.do /try one's best to do sth 盡力做某事

13.rank third/high/low 位居第三 /排名高(低 She ranks first in English study in our class.people of all ranks 各個階層的人 14.host the Olympic games 主辦奧運會

15.light the torch 點燃火炬(lit— lit;lighted— lighted He lit a candle and the lighted candle lit up the room.16.in preparation for 為 … 做準備

prepare for 為 … 做準備

make preparations for 為...作準備

17.have a good / bad effect on … 對 … 有好 /壞影響 =affect have influence on=influence LANGUAGE STUDY 18.tens of thousands of 成千上萬 19.pay …(to sb for sth 付錢給 … 買 …

20.at the opening /closing(ceremony of 在 … 開 /閉幕式上 21.by hand 手工 with one’s hands

22.spend…on sth 在 … 花費(錢;時間 spend….(in doing sth 花(錢;時間 做某事 spend(time +a place 在某地度過(一段時間

23.more than =not only 不僅

More than fifty people attended the conference.He dressed more than simply.他穿著極為樸素。We were more than pleased to hear of her coming.He is more than a teacher to me.She more than smiled, but laughed.(豈止是微笑,簡直是大笑 He is more brave than wise.(有勇無謀 more than不僅 no more than = only 僅僅

Yao Ming has more than just size;he also has great skill and speed and he is a team player.(不僅

He has no more than handsome look;he is neither wise nor polite.(僅僅 not more than = less than 不超過;至多

no more than = only 僅僅

There is no more than ten yuan in my pocket.(只有 There is not more than ten yuan in my pocket.(不到 He is no taller/no more careful than me.(并不比...更 He is not taller/more careful than me.(不如

24.live one's dream =try to realize one's dream 努力實現夢想 WORKBOOK EXERCISES

25.set /give a good example to sb 為 … 樹立好榜樣 copy / follow the example of 學習/效仿...的榜樣 26.the International Olympic Committee 國際奧委會 27.the spirit of the Olympic Games 奧林匹克精神 28.care about 關心

29.take up 占去(空間;開始從事;拿起;30.put on weight = gain weight 體重增加 lose weight 減肥 31.as follows 如下

FOR THE LOVE OF THE GAME 32.even if 即使 33.hear about/of 聽說 hear from sb 收到某人來信 hear that...聽說

34.I wish +從句(虛擬語氣;時態倒退一步 I wish I were twenty years younger.I wish I could make as much money as Michael Jordan.I wish I had seen my favuorite movie star the other day.35.deal with 對付;應付;處理;涉及;做生意

How did you deal with the rubbish? What did you do with the rubbish? 36.shoot the ball into the other team's goal 把球踢入對方球門 Unit 9 必會習語 SPEAKING 1.be used for 被用于 … be used as 被用作 … 2.It depends.要看情況而定。LIFE ON THE GO 3.live life on the go 過著忙碌的生活 4.on the go 忙忙碌碌的;四處奔走

5.make it possible for sb to do sth 使得某人做某事成為可能 6.throughout the world 遍及世界 7.more than 不僅, 多于;no more than 僅僅;只不過 not more than 少于, 不足

8.add to 增添;增加 add…to… 給 … 增加 … add up 加起來 add up to 加起來總共是 9.remind sb of/about sth 提醒某人某事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事

remind sb of doing sth 提醒某人已做過某事 remind that...10.have an appointment with sb.和 … 有預約 keep /break one's appointment 守約/違約 make an appointment with sb.和 … 約定 by appointment 按約定

11.obey /break the rules 遵守/違反規定 12.agree(not to do sth agree that sb can/will do sth agree with;agree to;agree on 13.dare not do = don't dare to do 不敢作 …(同 need 14.take sth/sb away from… 把 ….從 ….帶/拿走 14.stay/keep in touch with sb.;/keep track of be in touch with 與 … 保持聯系 get in touch with 與 … 取得聯系 lose touch with 與 … 失去聯系 be out of touch with 15.call for help 求救

16.in case(of an emergency 萬一;以免

in case +從句 萬一

17.do whatever he wants to do 想干什么就干什么 whatever 和 no matter what 區分 LANGUAGE STUDY 18.according to 根據

19.the negative/positive effect of ….的負面 /正面影響 INTEGRATING SKILLS 20.take over 接管

21.(in the way that/in which… … 的方法

The few surviving human beings are being used(in the way(that we use machines today.22.break down 出故障 23.dream of/ about 夢見;夢想

24.fail to do sth;fail in doing sth 沒能做到 … succeed in doing sth 成功的做某事 be successful in doing sth 25.force sb to do sth 強迫某人做某事 oblige sb to do sth by force 靠武力 26.come up with 想到;提出

27.take steps /measures/action to do sth 采取措施 28.look up the words in the dictionary 在字典上查單詞 29.go for a job interview 去面試找工作

30.unite as one 團結一致 31.hand in one's homework 交作業 32.suffer a serious defeat 遭慘敗 FUTURE TRAVEL:TELEPORTA TION 33.be based on 以 … 為基礎 34.take …apart 把 … 分解 =separate put…together

35.on the way 在路上 on one’s way to 在去...的路上 in the way 妨礙;擋道 in a way 在某種程度上

by the way 順便問一下(in this/that way 這樣 in the same way 用同樣的方法 in different ways 用不同的方法 in no way 決不;一點也不

the way to do/of doing sth 做...的方法 the way(that/in which定語從句 make one’s way to 朝...走去 all the way 一路上;從頭至尾 by way of 經由;通過...的方法

way of life 生活方式 36.so far 到目前為止

37.We are still a long way from being able to do sth.=It will take us a long time to be able to do sth.38.It is possible(for sb to do sth It is likely/possible/probable that...Sb is likely to do sth.39.The more we know, the more we can imagine.越..., 就越....The more you listen to English, the easier it will become.The longer you live in this place, the less you will like it.Unit 10習語必會

WARMING UP & LISTENING & SPEAKING 1.no longer;no more 1.There be… left 有 … 剩下

2.hunt animals for food 為得到 … 而捕獵 … hunt for 搜尋 hunt animals 狩獵

3.know of/about 對 … 了解

4.in danger 處于危險中 out of danger 脫離危險 in danger of 面臨...的危險 endanger vt.使...瀕危;危害

endangered animals 瀕危動物 become endangered 5.die out 滅絕;消失

die away;die off;die of;die from;die down be dying for 渴望;很想

6.It follows that… 由此得出 …;可見 …

People get sick because of air pollution.It follows that we must do something about it.人們生病是因為空氣污染。可見我們必須采取行動了。7.lead to 導致

8.take turns to do sth/ doing sth 輪流做某事 do sth in turn/by turns 9.act as 扮演 play a role of ARE WE ENDANGERED? 10.an environmental expert 一位環境專家

11.keep/stop/prevent sb from doing sth 阻止 … 做 … keep sb doing sth 使...一直做...keep(on doing sth 堅持做某事 protect...from/against 保護...免受...12.we don't do as we say.我們言行不一。13.(take sb on a tour of...(帶某人游覽...14.have a bright future 用有一個燦爛的未來

15.harm sb/ do harm to sb/ do sb harm/ be harmful to sb 傷害某人;對...有害 =be bad for do good to sb/do sb good/ be good for/ benefit sb./be of benefit to 對...有好處 /益 16.take measures/steps/action 采取措施 17.be used to sth/ doing sth習慣于 …

18.adapt to(改變以 適應 adapt oneself to 使自己適應于 adjust to(調整以 適應

19.become endangered 頻臨危險

20.the original species 原有的物種 species(單復數相同 21.first of all 首先 at first;above all 22.make a big difference 大改觀;影響大

23.If we know more about what causes endangerment, we may be able to take measures before it is too late.如果我們能更多地了解致使生物瀕危的原因,就能 及時采取補救措施。

? They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.他們正在考慮趁房 價未漲時把房子買下來。

? If you don’t like the present job, I suggest you look for another one before it is too late.如果你不喜歡目前的工作,我建議你趁早另謀出路。? He hung up before I could say a word.我還沒說一句話,他就掛了電話。LANGUAGE STUDY 24.devote oneself to sth/doing sth 致力于 … be devoted to sth/doing sth 投身于 a devoted friend / wife 25.at present 目前 at the present time be present at 出席

26.explain sth to sb 向某人解釋 …=explain to sb sth 27.set…free 釋放 =free 28.in the wild 處于野生狀態 INTEGRATING SKILLS

29.be careful with 細心;認真 be careful of/about 注意;留意

30.throw away 扔掉;throw about 四處亂扔 31.care about 關心 care for 喜歡;workboo k 32.go on a tour to 去 … 觀光/游覽 33.a large amount of(money 許多(錢 34.(translate word for word 逐字地 answer point for point 逐點答復 對比:one by one;little by little 35.up to(1正在做;從事于(2大約;多達(3理應;視為...的職責

? What’s he up to? 他在干什么?(常用作貶義 ? I guess the fellow is up to no good.我猜這個家伙要圖謀不軌。? The little boy can count up to twenty.這小孩能從一數到二十。

? The students are allowed up to two hours to finish the test.學生們有長達兩小時 的時間來完成試題。

? It’s up to you to decide what to do next.由你來決定我們下一步做什么。? The success of this project is up to us.這個項目的成敗取決于我們.36.become extinct = die out 37.keep…as a pet 把 … 當寵物養

38.common adj.常見的;共同的;普遍的(側重指共性;強調 “ 非特殊性,非優 秀性 ” 或 “ 不足為奇的 ” usual adj 通常的;尋常的;慣常的(多指 ”習慣性的,遵循常規的,一貫如此的 " 強調時間角度。

ordinary 通常的;普通的, 也指普遍的, 但不是因為大家所共有而普遍常見, 而 是因為符合事物的正常法則及一般規律而十分普遍;也可帶貶義,指低于一般 標準的事物或人。

popular 普及的;通俗的, 指為廣大群眾所接受或深受喜愛的

general 一般的;普通的;指屬于大部分人或大部分事物的屬性, 因此是一般 的,普通的,可能也包括了一些極少數的例外。

Unit 11習語必會

WARMING UP & SPEAKING 1.a piece of music 一支曲子

2.Can you help me to decide what to buy?

3.What do you have in mind? 你有什么主意? 4.dance to(a song/music 伴著(歌曲/音樂跳舞 5.What can/do you suggest? suggest sth suggest(sb doing sth suggest that...suggest +虛擬語氣(建議 insist +虛擬(堅決要求 suggest + 陳述語氣(表示 insist +陳述(堅決認為 6.Have you considered doing...? 你考慮過...嗎? consider...(as/to be...認為...是...consider sb to have done sth 認為...做過某事 THE SOUND OF THE WORLD 5.a musical instrument 樂器 6.musical styles 音樂風格 in style 流行的 out of style 過時的 7.have much/nothing in common with 和 … 有許多 /沒有相同之處 8.along with 和 … 一起

9.a variety of 各種各樣的 varieties of = various

第二篇：高一英語知識點總結(上冊)

高一英語知識點

重點詞組：

1.fond of “喜愛，愛好” 接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式。例如： He’s fond of swimming.他喜歡游泳。

Are you fond of fresh vegetables.你喜歡新鮮蔬菜嗎? He is fond of his research work.他喜愛他的研究工作。2.hunt for = look for尋找

I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的書。hunt for a job 找工作

3.in order to, so as to 這兩個詞組都可引導不定式作目的狀語, in order to可放于句首, so as to則不能, 其否定形式為in order not to / so as not to.如: He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.為了讓我們注意他, 他朝我們又是叫喊又是揮手。

4.care about 1)喜歡，對……有興趣 = care for She doesn’t care about money.她不喜歡錢。2）關心 = care for She thinks only of herself.She doesn’t care about other people.她只考慮自己。她不關心別人。

3）在乎，在意（接從句或不接任何成分）

These young people care nothing about what old people might say.這些年輕人根本不在乎老人說的話。

5.such as 意為“諸如……”，“像……”，是用來列舉人或事物的。

She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三門科目,像物理、化學。6.drop * a line 留下便條, 寫封短信

7、make yourself at home 別客氣；隨便；無拘束

（1）If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝點飲料，隨便一點。

8、stay up 不睡；熬夜

（1）I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我將回家很晚，不要等我了。

（2）He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看書直到凌晨兩點。

9、come about 引起；發生；產生（1）How did the accident come about? 這場事故是怎么發生的？

（2）They didn't know how the change had come about.他們不知道這個變化是怎樣產生的。

10、except for 除……之外

（1）except 與 except for 的用法常有區別。except 多用于引起同類事物中被排除的一項。如：

①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一個，他回答了所有問題。②We go there every day except Sunday.除了星期天，我們天天去那里。

（2）except for 用于引述細節以修正句子的主要意思。如： ①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.除去一個老太太，這輛公共汽車全空了。②Your picture is good except for the colours.你的畫兒很好，只是某些色彩有問題。

（3）但在現代英語中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一個例子可以是： He answered all the questions except for the last one.（4）另外，在介詞短語之前只能用except，不能用except for。如： We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我們通常十點之前上床睡覺。

11、end up with 以……告終；以……結束（1）The party ended up with an English song.聚會以一首英文歌結束。

12、more or less 幾乎；差不多；大約；大概；大體上（1）I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他們沒有。

（2）Our living condition has more or less improved.我們的生活水平或多或少提高了。

13、bring in 引進；引來；吸收（1）We should bring in new technology.我們應該引進新技術。

（2）He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一個月掙八百美元。

14、get away（from）逃離

（1）The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷帶著我們所有的錢從商店逃跑了。（2）I caught a really big fish but it got away.我釣到了一條好大的魚，可是它逃掉了。

15、watch out（for）注意；留心（1）Watch out!There is a car coming.小心！汽車來了。

（2）Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那個坑。

16、see sb.off 給某人送行

Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火車站給朋友送行。

17、on the other hand 另一方面（用以引出相互矛盾的觀點、意見等，常說on the one hand …… on the other hand一方面……另一方面）

I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道這份工作報酬不高，但從另一方面來說，我也不必工作太長時間。

18、as well as *

(sth)而且

He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是攝影師還是個天才的音樂家。

19、take place 發生 take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位 take sb’s place 或take the place of *

/ sth代替、取代 The Olympic Games take place / are held every four years.20、on fire 相當于burning, 意為“燃燒；著火；起火”，有靜態的含意。Catch fire有動態的含意。

Set… on fire / set fire to …用來表示“使……著火”、“放火燒……”。例如：

Look, the theatre is on fire!Let’s go and help.瞧，劇院著火了，咱們去幫忙救火吧。

21、on holiday 在度假，在休假中

When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle.我在度假的時候去看望了叔叔。

holiday(holidays)一般指“休假”

Tom and I are going to have a holiday.我和湯姆準備去度假。

I've already had my holidays this year.我今年已經度過假了。

22、travel agency

A business that attends to the details of transportation, itinerary, and accommodations for travelers.旅行社一種為旅行者提供細致的運輸、旅行和住宿方面服務的行業

Also called: travel bureau

23、take off 1)脫下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脫下了濕鞋子。

2）（飛機）起飛

The plane took off on time.It was a smooth take-off.飛機準時起飛。起飛非常順利。

3）匆匆離開

The six men got into the car and took off for the park.這六個人上了車，匆匆離開去公園。

24.go wrong v.走錯路, 誤入岐途,(機器等)發生故障

25.in all adv.總共

26.stay away v.外出

27.look up 查詢（如賓語為代詞，則代詞放中間）

Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查單詞。

相關詞組：look for 尋找；look after照顧，照料； look forward to期待；look into調查；

look on旁觀；look out注意；look out for注意，留心，提防；look over翻閱，查看，檢查；look around環視；look through翻閱，查看。

28、run after追逐，追求

If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同時追兩只兔子，你一只也抓不到。

29、on the air廣播

We will be on the air in five minutes.我們五分鐘以后開始廣播。

This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.這個節目每天在同一時間播出。

30、think highly/well/much of對……評價很高, 贊賞, 對……印象好

He was highly thought of by the manager.經理對他非常贊賞。

I think well of your suggestion.我覺得你的建議很好。

think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……認為不好, 好……不在意, 不贊成, 覺得……不怎么樣

I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我覺得他作為一個老師不怎么樣。

31.leave out 1)漏掉 You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出錯了—你漏掉了一個字母t.2)刪掉, 沒用 I haven’t changed or left out a thing.我沒有作出變動也沒有刪掉任何東西。

32.stare at（由于好奇、激動等張著嘴巴，睜大眼睛地）凝視，盯著看

Don’t stare at foreigners.It’s impolite.不要盯著外國人看，這樣不禮貌。

比較：glare at（to stare angrily at）怒視著

這兩個小男孩互相怒視著，隨時準備開戰。

33.make jokes about 就……說笑

They make jokes about my old hat.他們就我的舊帽子說笑我。

have a joke with … about …跟某人開關于某事的玩笑。He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下來跟我開玩笑。play a joke on…開某人的玩笑

We played jokes on each other.我們互相開玩笑。

v.joke about取笑 They joked about my broken English.他們取笑我蹩腳的英.45.take over 接管；接替；繼承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over(his job).我們的主席走了，因此杰克將接

管（他的工作）。

46.break down 1)破壞；拆散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人體中的化學元素把食物分解成有用的物質。

The peace talks are said to have broken down.(喻)據說和談破裂了。

2)（機器）損壞 Our truck broke down outside town.我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽車在到達目的地的中途拋錨了。

3)失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對意見打消了。

4)精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept.他不禁失聲痛哭。

5)起化學變化 Food is broken down by chemicals.化學物質引起食物轉化。

47、get on one’s feet 1）站起來;站起來發言

2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 經濟上獨立

3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了;(使)恢復, 復蘇(指企業)

48、go through 1)經歷；經受；遭到

These countries have gone / been through too many wars.這些國家飽經戰火。

2)完成；做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大學。

3）通過；批準 The law has gone through Parliament.議會已經通過了這項法案。

Their plans went through.他們的計劃得到了批準。

4）全面檢查；搜查

They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關他們檢查了我們的行李。45.take over 接管；接替；繼承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over(his job).我們的主席走了，因此杰克將接

管（他的工作）。

46.break down 1)破壞；拆散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人體中的化學元素把食物分解成有用的物質。

The peace talks are said to have broken down.(喻)據說和談破裂了。

2)（機器）損壞 Our truck broke down outside town.我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽車在到達目的地的中途拋錨了。

3)失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對意見打消了。

4)精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept.他不禁失聲痛哭。

5)起化學變化 Food is broken down by chemicals.化學物質引起食物轉化。

47、get on one’s feet 1）站起來;站起來發言

2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 經濟上獨立

3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了;(使)恢復, 復蘇(指企業)

48、go through 1)經歷；經受；遭到

These countries have gone / been through too many wars.這些國家飽經戰火。

2)完成；做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大學。

3）通過；批準 The law has gone through Parliament.議會已經通過了這項法案。

Their plans went through.他們的計劃得到了批準。

4）全面檢查；搜查

They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關他們檢查了我們的行李。重點句型

1．“So + be／have／助動詞／情態動詞＋主詞”的結構。此結構中的語序是倒裝的，“So”代替上句中的某個成分。如果上面一句是否定句，則使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助動詞/情態動詞+主語”的結構。

例如 He’s tired，and so am I．(＝I’ m also tired．)You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．)She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．)

Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．)A: I went to the park yesterday．

B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．)

2．“So +主語+be／have／助動詞／情態動詞”結構中的主謂是正常語序，so相當于indeed,certainly,表示說話人對前面或對方所說情況的肯定、贊同或證實，語氣較強，意思是“確實如此”。

例如 A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。B：So it was．的確如此。(＝Yes，it was．)A：You seem to like sports．

B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．)A：It will be fine tomorrow．

B：So it will．(＝Yes，it will．)

3．“主語+do/does/did + so”結構指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重復。

My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in my composition on time.)語文老師叫我按時交作文, 我照辦了。

4．So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情況)也是如此。”當前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語時，要表示相同情況，必須使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。

She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing.So it is with my sister.5、There you are.行了，好。

這是一句表示一種事情告一段落或有了最終結果的用語。如：

There you are!Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，還可以表示“瞧，對吧（果然如此）”的語氣。例如：

There you are!I knew we should find it at last.對吧！我就知道我們最終能找到的。

6、have some difficulty(in)doing sth.干某事有困難；接名詞時，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.①Do you have any difficulty(in)understanding English? 你理解英語口語有困難嗎？

②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她說她在發音方面有困難。

7、have a good knowledge of sth.“掌握……”，“對……有某種程度的了解”

①He has a good knowledge of London.他對倫敦有所了解。

②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.一棵又一棵的樹被水沖倒、沖斷。那水肯定有三米深。

“must have + 過去分詞”表示對已發生事情的猜測。在英語中，must，may，can三個情態動詞可用來表示對事情的猜測。Must意為“肯定”，語氣很有把握；may意為“可能”、“也許”，語氣把握性不大。兩者常用在肯定句中。Can意為“肯定”、“也許”，常用在否定句或疑問句中。Must，may，can三者用于表示猜測時，其后面可跟三種不同的動詞形式：1）跟動詞原形表示對現在事情的猜測；

2）跟be doing表示對正在發生事情的猜測；3）跟have done表示對已經發生的事情的猜測。例如：

Helen is Lucy’s good friend.She must know Lucy’s e-mail.海倫是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的電子郵件。

We can hear loud voices in the meeting room.They must be quarrelling.我們可以聽到會議

室很吵。他們肯定在吵架。

I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago.He can’t have gone to Australia.我剛才還在大門口見

過杰夫。他不可能去了澳大利亞。

9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看著猴子從他手上吃花生，很有趣。

fun “好玩，趣事”，不可數名詞，前面不加不定冠詞a。

You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight.今天晚上你肯定會玩得很開心。

make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因為他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。

funny adj.“可笑的，滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿著他父親的衣服，看上去很滑稽。

10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……

許多看過這部電影的人都不敢在海里游。

afraid 用法說明：

1）害怕人/ 物，如：be afraid of * / sth 2）不敢做某事，如：be afraid to do sth / of doing sth He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night.3)擔心會發生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into the river.4)給人不愉快的信息或不贊同某人意見時, 用I’m afraid …, 如: I’m afraid I’ve got bad news for you.I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.11、It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盤子里所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。

這是一個動詞不定式作主語的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主語，it是形式主語。

12、I wish you all the best.我祝你萬事如意.用wish來表示祝愿的結構是wish *

sth, 此外我們還可以用may來表示祝愿: May *

do sth如:

May you succeed.13、Where there is a river, there is a city.有河流的地方就有城市。

Where在這里引導的是地點狀語從句，相當于介詞in/ at/ to + the place + where從句9定語從句），意思是“在……地方”。例如：

Where there is smoke, there is fire.無風不起浪；事出有因。

He lives where the climate is mild.他住在氣候溫暖的地方。

14、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.圣彼得堡人民堅強不屈、充滿自豪、團結一致，他們是俄羅斯當代的英雄。

Strong, proud, and united為前置定語，在這里相當于一個非限制性定語從句：

The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes of Russia.當主語比較短時，這類短語常常放在句首。

15.Congratulations!是一句祝賀用語，在使用時要用復數形式。其他幾個通常以復數形式出現表達特定含義的名詞有：

manners（禮貌）：He is a little boy with good manners.這個小男孩很有禮貌。

regards(問候)：Please send my regards to your parents.請代我問候你父母。

16.Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.沒四年，世界各地的運動員們都要參加奧運會。

“every + 基數詞 + 時間/ 距離單位”詞表示“每多少時間/ 距離”。如：

every five days（每五天）, every three hours（每三小時）, every ten metres（每十公尺）

類似表達形式還有：every fifth day, every third hour

“每隔一天”的表達形式有：every second day, every two days, every other day.17、Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and to send e-mail or surf the Internet.現代的手機不僅僅是電話機—它們也當坐照相機和收音機使用，還可以發送電子郵件和上網。

use A as B 把A用作B。例如：

In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代，人們把石頭用作耕作的 工具。

use sth to do sth用某物來做某事。例如：

In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.在古代，人們用石頭來捕殺動物獲取食物。

18、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是：無論我們在何處或正在做什么，我們都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持聯系。

1)seem 似乎，好像，其用法及搭配有：

seem + adj., 如：

This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.這個問題看似復雜，其實很簡單。

seem to do

I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪兒見過他。

It seems that…，It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。

It seems as if…，It seems as if it’s going to rain.看來快要下雨了。

2)no matter無論，不管，后面常跟疑問詞引導的從句，其意相當于疑問詞后加ever。如 no matter what=whatever;no matter where=wherever;no matter how=however;no matter when=whenever例如：

No matter when(Whenever)I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat.不管我什么時候遇見他，他總是戴著那頂舊禮帽。

No matter how(However)expensive the cellphone is, I’ll buy it because I need one badly.無論這手機有多貴，我都要買。因為我急需有個手機。

第三篇：【強烈推薦】高一英語知識點總結(上冊)

陽光家教網www.tmdps.cn 高一英語學習資料

高一英語知識點

重點詞組：

1.fond of “喜愛，愛好” 接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式。例如： He’s fond of swimming.他喜歡游泳。

Are you fond of fresh vegetables.你喜歡新鮮蔬菜嗎? He is fond of his research work.他喜愛他的研究工作。2.hunt for = look for尋找

I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的書。hunt for a job 找工作

3.in order to, so as to 這兩個詞組都可引導不定式作目的狀語, in order to可放于句首, so as to則不能, 其否定形式為in order not to / so as not to.如: He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.為了讓我們注意他, 他朝我們又是叫喊又是揮手。4.care about 1)喜歡，對……有興趣 = care for She doesn’t care about money.她不喜歡錢。2）關心 = care for She thinks only of herself.She doesn’t care about other people.她只考慮自己。她不關心別人。

3）在乎，在意（接從句或不接任何成分）

These young people care nothing about what old people might say.這些年輕人根本不在乎老人說的話。

5.such as 意為“諸如……”，“像……”，是用來列舉人或事物的。

She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三門科目,像物理、化學。

6.drop * a line 留下便條, 寫封短信

7、make yourself at home 別客氣；隨便；無拘束

（1）If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝點飲料，隨便一點。

8、stay up 不睡；熬夜

（1）I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我將回家很晚，不要等我了。

（2）He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看書直到凌晨兩點。

9、come about 引起；發生；產生（1）How did the accident come about? 這場事故是怎么發生的？

（2）They didn't know how the change had come about.他們不知道這個變化是怎樣產生的。

10、except for 除……之外

（1）except 與 except for 的用法常有區別。except 多用于引起同類事物中被排除的一項。如：

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①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一個，他回答了所有問題。②We go there every day except Sunday.除了星期天，我們天天去那里。

（2）except for 用于引述細節以修正句子的主要意思。如： ①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.除去一個老太太，這輛公共汽車全空了。②Your picture is good except for the colours.你的畫兒很好，只是某些色彩有問題。

（3）但在現代英語中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一個例子可以是：

He answered all the questions except for the last one.（4）另外，在介詞短語之前只能用except，不能用except for。如： We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我們通常十點之前上床睡覺。

11、end up with 以……告終；以……結束（1）The party ended up with an English song.聚會以一首英文歌結束。

12、more or less 幾乎；差不多；大約；大概；大體上（1）I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他們沒有。

（2）Our living condition has more or less improved.我們的生活水平或多或少提高了。

13、bring in 引進；引來；吸收

（1）We should bring in new technology.我們應該引進新技術。

（2）He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一個月掙八百美元。

14、get away（from）逃離

（1）The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷帶著我們所有的錢從商店逃跑了。（2）I caught a really big fish but it got away.我釣到了一條好大的魚，可是它逃掉了。

15、watch out（for）注意；留心（1）Watch out!There is a car coming.小心！汽車來了。

（2）Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那個坑。

16、see sb.off 給某人送行

Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火車站給朋友送行。

17、on the other hand 另一方面（用以引出相互矛盾的觀點、意見等，常說on the one hand …… on the other hand一方面……另一方面）

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I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道這份工作報酬不高，但從另一方面來說，我也不必工作太長時間。

18、as well as *

(sth)而且

He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是攝影師還是個天才的音樂家。

19、take place 發生 take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位 take sb’s place 或take the place of *

/ sth代替、取代 The Olympic Games take place / are held every four years.20、on fire 相當于burning, 意為“燃燒；著火；起火”，有靜態的含意。Catch fire有動態的含意。

Set… on fire / set fire to …用來表示“使……著火”、“放火燒……”。例如：

Look, the theatre is on fire!Let’s go and help.瞧，劇院著火了，咱們去幫忙救火吧。

21、on holiday 在度假，在休假中

When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle.我在度假的時候去看望了叔叔。

holiday(holidays)一般指“休假”

Tom and I are going to have a holiday.我和湯姆準備去度假。

I've already had my holidays this year.我今年已經度過假了。

22、travel agency

A business that attends to the details of transportation, itinerary, and accommodations

for travelers.旅行社一種為旅行者提供細致的運輸、旅行和住宿方面服務的行業

Also called: travel bureau

23、take off 1)脫下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脫下了濕鞋子。

2）（飛機）起飛

The plane took off on time.It was a smooth take-off.飛機準時起飛。起飛非常順利。

3）匆匆離開

The six men got into the car and took off for the park.這六個人上了車，匆匆離開去公園。

24.go wrong v.走錯路, 誤入岐途,(機器等)發生故障

25.in all adv.總共

26.stay away v.外出

27.look up 查詢（如賓語為代詞，則代詞放中間）

Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查單詞。

相關詞組：look for 尋找；look after照顧，照料； look forward to期待；look into調查；

look on旁觀；look out注意；look out for注意，留心，提防；look over翻閱，查看，檢查；look around環視；look through翻閱，查看。

28、run after追逐，追求

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If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同時追兩只兔子，你一只也抓不到。

29、on the air廣播

We will be on the air in five minutes.我們五分鐘以后開始廣播。

This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.這個節目每天在同一時間播出。

30、think highly/well/much of對……評價很高, 贊賞, 對……印象好

He was highly thought of by the manager.經理對他非常贊賞。

I think well of your suggestion.我覺得你的建議很好。

think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……認為不好, 好……不在意, 不贊成, 覺得……不怎么樣

I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我覺得他作為一個老師不怎么樣。

31.leave out 1)漏掉 You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出錯了—你漏掉了一個字母t.2)刪掉, 沒用 I haven’t changed or left out a thing.我沒有作出變動也沒有刪掉任何東西。

32.stare at（由于好奇、激動等張著嘴巴，睜大眼睛地）凝視，盯著看

Don’t stare at foreigners.It’s impolite.不要盯著外國人看，這樣不禮貌。

比較：glare at（to stare angrily at）怒視著

這兩個小男孩互相怒視著，隨時準備開戰。

33.make jokes about 就……說笑

They make jokes about my old hat.他們就我的舊帽子說笑我。

have a joke with … about …跟某人開關于某事的玩笑。

He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下來跟我開玩笑。play a joke on…開某人的玩笑

We played jokes on each other.我們互相開玩笑。

v.joke about取笑 They joked about my broken English.他們取笑我蹩腳的英.45.take over 接管；接替；繼承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over(his job).我們的主席走了，因此杰克將接

管（他的工作）。

46.break down 1)破壞；拆散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人體中的化學元素把食物分解成有用的物質。

The peace talks are said to have broken down.(喻)據說和談破裂了。

2)（機器）損壞 Our truck broke down outside town.我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽車在到達目的地的中途拋錨了。

3)失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對意見打消了。

4)精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept.他不禁失聲痛哭。

5)起化學變化 Food is broken down by chemicals.化學物質引起食物轉化。

47、get on one’s feet

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1）站起來;站起來發言

2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 經濟上獨立

3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了;(使)恢復, 復蘇(指企業)

48、go through

1)經歷；經受；遭到

These countries have gone / been through too many wars.這些國家飽經戰火。

2)完成；做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大學。

3）通過；批準 The law has gone through Parliament.議會已經通過了這項法案。

Their plans went through.他們的計劃得到了批準。

4）全面檢查；搜查

They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關他們檢查了我們的行李。45.take over 接管；接替；繼承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over(his job).我們的主席走了，因此杰克將接

管（他的工作）。

46.break down 1)破壞；拆散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人體中的化學元素把食物分解成有用的物質。

The peace talks are said to have broken down.(喻)據說和談破裂了。

2)（機器）損壞 Our truck broke down outside town.我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽車在到達目的地的中途拋錨了。

3)失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對意見打消了。

4)精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept.他不禁失聲痛哭。

5)起化學變化 Food is broken down by chemicals.化學物質引起食物轉化。

47、get on one’s feet 1）站起來;站起來發言

2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 經濟上獨立

3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了;(使)恢復, 復蘇(指企業)

48、go through

1)經歷；經受；遭到

These countries have gone / been through too many wars.這些國家飽經戰火。

2)完成；做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大學。

3）通過；批準 The law has gone through Parliament.議會已經通過了這項法案。

Their plans went through.他們的計劃得到了批準。

4）全面檢查；搜查

They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關他們檢查了我們的行李。

重點句型

陽光家教網www.tmdps.cn 高一英語學習資料

1．“So + be／have／助動詞／情態動詞＋主詞”的結構。此結構中的語序是倒裝的，“So”代替上句中的某個成分。如果上面一句是否定句，則使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助動詞/情態動詞+主語”的結構。

例如 He’s tired，and so am I．(＝I’ m also tired．)You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．)

She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．)

Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．)A: I went to the park yesterday．

B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．)

2．“So +主語+be／have／助動詞／情態動詞”結構中的主謂是正常語序，so相當于indeed,certainly,表示說話人對前面或對方所說情況的肯定、贊同或證實，語氣較強，意思是“確實如此”。

例如 A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。

B：So it was．的確如此。(＝Yes，it was．)A：You seem to like sports．

B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．)A：It will be fine tomorrow．

B：So it will．(＝Yes，it will．)

3．“主語+do/does/did + so”結構指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重復。

My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in

my composition on time.)語文老師叫我按時交作文, 我照辦了。

4．So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情況)也是如此。”當前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語時，要表示相同情況，必須使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。

She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing.So it is with my sister.5、There you are.行了，好。

這是一句表示一種事情告一段落或有了最終結果的用語。如：

There you are!Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，還可以表示“瞧，對吧（果然如此）”的語氣。例如：

There you are!I knew we should find it at last.對吧！我就知道我們最終能找到的。

6、have some difficulty(in)doing sth.干某事有困難；接名詞時，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.①Do you have any difficulty(in)understanding English? 你理解英語口語有困難嗎？

②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她說她在發音方面有困難。

7、have a good knowledge of sth.“掌握……”，“對……有某種程度的了解” ①He has a good knowledge of London.他對倫敦有所了解。

②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.陽光家教網www.tmdps.cn 高一英語學習資料

8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.一棵又一棵的樹被水沖倒、沖斷。那水肯定有三米深。

“must have + 過去分詞”表示對已發生事情的猜測。在英語中，must，may，can三個情態動詞可用來表示對事情的猜測。Must意為“肯定”，語氣很有把握；may意為“可能”、“也許”，語氣把握性不大。兩者常用在肯定句中。Can意為“肯定”、“也許”，常用在否定句或疑問句中。Must，may，can三者用于表示猜測時，其后面可跟三種不同的動詞形式：1）跟動詞原形表示對現在事情的猜測；

2）跟be doing表示對正在發生事情的猜測；3）跟have done表示對已經發生的事情的猜測。例如：

Helen is Lucy’s good friend.She must know Lucy’s e-mail.海倫是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的電子郵件。

We can hear loud voices in the meeting room.They must be quarrelling.我們可以聽到會議

室很吵。他們肯定在吵架。

I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago.He can’t have gone to Australia.我剛才還在大門口見

過杰夫。他不可能去了澳大利亞。

9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看著猴子從他手上吃花生，很有趣。

fun “好玩，趣事”，不可數名詞，前面不加不定冠詞a。

You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight.今天晚上你肯定會玩得很開心。

make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因為他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。

funny adj.“可笑的，滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿著他父親 的衣服，看上去很滑稽。

10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea…… 許多看過這部電影的人都不敢在海里游。

afraid 用法說明：

1）害怕人/ 物，如：be afraid of * / sth

2）不敢做某事，如：be afraid to do sth / of doing sth He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night.3)擔心會發生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause

He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into the river.4)給人不愉快的信息或不贊同某人意見時, 用I’m afraid …, 如: I’m afraid I’ve got bad news for you.I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.11、It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盤子里所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。

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這是一個動詞不定式作主語的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主語，it是形式主語。

12、I wish you all the best.我祝你萬事如意.用wish來表示祝愿的結構是wish *

sth, 此外我們還可以用may來表示祝愿: May *

do sth如: May you succeed.13、Where there is a river, there is a city.有河流的地方就有城市。

Where在這里引導的是地點狀語從句，相當于介詞in/ at/ to + the place + where從句9定語從句），意思是“在……地方”。例如：

Where there is smoke, there is fire.無風不起浪；事出有因。

He lives where the climate is mild.他住在氣候溫暖的地方。

14、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.圣彼得堡人民堅強不屈、充滿自豪、團結一致，他們是俄羅斯當代的英雄。

Strong, proud, and united為前置定語，在這里相當于一個非限制性定語從句：

The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes

of Russia.當主語比較短時，這類短語常常放在句首。

15.Congratulations!是一句祝賀用語，在使用時要用復數形式。其他幾個通常以復數形式出現表達特定含義的名詞有：

manners（禮貌）：He is a little boy with good manners.這個小男孩很有禮貌。

regards(問候)：Please send my regards to your parents.請代我問候你父母。

16.Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.沒四年，世界各地的運動員們都要參加奧運會。

“every + 基數詞 + 時間/ 距離單位”詞表示“每多少時間/ 距離”。如：

every five days（每五天）, every three hours（每三小時）, every ten metres（每十公尺）

類似表達形式還有：every fifth day, every third hour

“每隔一天”的表達形式有：every second day, every two days, every other day.17、Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and

to send e-mail or surf the Internet.現代的手機不僅僅是電話機—它們也當坐照相機和收音機使用，還可以發送電子郵件和上網。

use A as B 把A用作B。例如：

In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代，人們把石頭用作耕作的 工具。

use sth to do sth用某物來做某事。例如：

In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.在古代，人們用石頭來捕殺動物獲取食物。

18、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no

陽光家教網www.tmdps.cn 高一英語學習資料

matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是：無論我們在何處或正在做什么，我們都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持聯系。

1)seem 似乎，好像，其用法及搭配有：

seem + adj., 如：

This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.這個問題看似復雜，其實很簡單。

seem to do

I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪兒見過他。

It seems that…，It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。

It seems as if…，It seems as if it’s going to rain.看來快要下雨了。

2)no matter無論，不管，后面常跟疑問詞引導的從句，其意相當于疑問詞后加ever。如 no matter what=whatever;no matter where=wherever;no matter how=however;no matter when=whenever例如：

No matter when(Whenever)I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat.不管我什么時候遇見他，他總是戴著那頂舊禮帽。

No matter how(However)expensive the cellphone is, I’ll buy it because I need one badly.無論這手機有多貴，我都要買。因為我急需有個手機。

重點語法

重點語法：

直接引語和間接引語

1.直接引語在改為間接引語時，時態需要做相應的調整。

eg: “I broke your CD player.”(一般過去時改成過去完成時)He told me he had broken my CD player.Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”(現在完成時改成過去完成時)Jenny said she had lost a book.Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”(一般將來時改成過去將來時)

Mum said she would go to see a friend.過去完成時保留原有的時態

He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.” He said they hadn’t finished their homework.注意 直接引語是客觀真理，過去進行時，時態不變。

2． 在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語時第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化。如：

Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.” Mary said her brother was and engineer.3． 直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句。如：

He said, “Can you run, Mike?”

He asked Mike whether/if he could run.陽光家教網www.tmdps.cn 高一英語學習資料

4.直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為“tell(ask, order, beg等)*(not)to do sth.”句型。如：

“Pass me the water, please.”said he.He asked him to pass her the water.5.直接引語如果是以“Let’s”開頭的祈使句，變為間接引語時，通常用“suggest+動名詞或從句”的結構。如：

She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.” She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.現在進行時表將來的動作

現在進行時表將來的動作，謂語通常為瞬間動詞。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。這些動詞的進行時后不能再接具體的時間。

（1）用現在進行時表示將來，指的是近期的，按計劃或安排要發生的動作。

（2）現在進行時表示將來與表示正在進行的動作的區別在于：前者通常用瞬間動詞（有時一些常用動詞也可以這樣用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持續性動詞。

He is reading a novel.他在看小說。

The train is arriving soon.火車就要進站了。

（3）用現在進行時表示將來的時間，在句中或上下文中通常有表示將來時間的狀語。

（4）現在進行時與一般現在時表示將來動作的區別在于：前者表示的將來的動作往往是可以改變的，而后者則是根據規定或時間表預計要發生的動作或事情，因此往往是不可改變或不可隨便改變的。

What are you doing next Friday? 下星期五你們打算干什么？

The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飛機今晚七點半起飛。

第四篇：高一英語知識點總結

必修I--unit 1 I---1 Friendship

一、知識點

1.be good to 對??友好

be good for 對??有益；be bad to?/be bad for? I will be good to other people.我會善良的對待其他人.It would be good for you to spend a holiday in the sun.在有陽光的地方度假會給你帶來很多好處。

The Olympics will be good for business.奧運會的召開將有利于商業的發展。be good at 擅長make good 有成就；成功as good as 實際上；幾乎等于

a good deal 許多，大量 徹底的；完全的；痛快的to have a good drink 喝個痛快 2.add up 加起來

add up to 合計，總計

add? to 把??加到?? add to 增加

Add up your score and see how many points you get? 把你的分數加起來，看看得多少？ Some people can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all.Good friends do not add up what they do for each other;instead they offer help when it is needed.The figures add up to 270.這些數字加起來是270。You shouldn't add fuel to the flame 你不應該火上加油

Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night.焰火使節日的夜晚更加生色。The bad weather added to the shipwrecked sailors’ difficulties.惡劣的天氣增加了失事船只的船員們的困難。

Your friend can not go until he finishes cleaning his bike.not?until/till 意思是“直到?才”，表示主句謂語所表示的動作直到until狀語所表示的時間才發生，主句的謂語動詞表示的是動作的開始，動詞既可以是延續性的，也可以是非延續性的。

They did not come back until eleven.他們會在十一點后回來。I did not notice it until yesterday.我一直到昨天才注重到它。4.You had to pay to get it repaired get sth done 使??完成/讓某人做某事

5.You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely!calm ?down使平息, 使平靜 calm down平息/平靜下來

The crying child soon calmed down.哭鬧的小孩不多一會就安靜下來。

It was a long time before he managed to calm himself down.過了很久他才努力使自己冷靜下來。

We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying.我們試圖讓他平靜下來，但他仍不停地哭著。

6.Tell your friend that you are concerned about him.be concerned about關心，掛念 He was very concerned about his children's education.他很關心他兒子的教育。Please don’t be concerned about me.請別為我操心。

Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她為什么那么關注他對她的工作的看法？ 7.Your friend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.go on holiday 度假 be on holiday 正在休假

What fun it will be when we all go on holiday together.我們大家一起去度假那可太有意思了.take care of 愛護，照料 take care 注意，當心

You are not(physically)strong, so you may as well take care of your health.你的體格不壯，因此最好注意健康。

8.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose.在遛狗的時候，你一粗心松開了手中的狗鏈。

當while, when, before, after 等引導的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時，可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。

walk sb home/ to a place: 為保證安全而陪某人去某地 It’s late----let me walk you home.9.take one’s end-of-term exam 參加期末考試? ??? 10.3)Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定語從句）cheat in the exam 考試作弊

11.look at someone else’s paper 看別人的試卷 12.make a list of reasons 列舉一些原因

13.Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位無話不談、能推心置腹的朋友嗎？ 14.go through遭遇；經歷；熬過；用光(錢)；獲準，通過 It can go through the test of the time.它能經受時間的考驗.She knew that she had got to go through all the difficulties with her family.He would go through fire and water for his country.他愿為國家赴湯蹈火。15.hide away??躲藏；隱藏

16.I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,?我不愿像大多數人一樣在日記中記流水賬，??

Why don't you set your ideas down on paper? We have had a series of stormy days when we were on the island.The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report.警察讓他在報告中寫下他所看見的事情。

16.I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。

17.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.??我記得非常清楚，曾有一段時間，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未使我心醉神迷過。

18.I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上，我熬到11點半故意不睡覺，為的是獨自好好看看月亮一次。

19.But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.但是因為月光太亮了，我不敢打開窗戶。

She speaks French far better than I, so I don't dare talk with her in French.20.I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.黃昏時我碰巧在樓上，那時窗戶是開著的。

sth happen to sb 某人發生某事 What happened to him? sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事? ?正巧 it so happened that。。

It happened that he was seen by his father.= He happened to be seen by his father.他碰巧被他父親看見了。

As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in.正當我打算出去找他時，他恰巧進來。

The street lights go on at dusk.街上的路段在傍晚時分亮起來。

21.It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。

It is the first(second?etc)that?(從句謂語動詞用現在完成時)It was the first(second?etc)that?(從句謂語動詞用過去完成時)the first time 可作從屬連詞用，引導時間狀語從句。The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.It was the first time that I talked with a foreigner face to face.I think we need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.I have often heard of her.Actually, I've never met her face to face.22.in one’s power 處于??的控制之中

I have got him in my power.I can ask him to do anything I want.我控制了他，我可以讓他為我做任何事。

23.It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.觀看這些已不再是樂趣，因為大自然是你必須親身體驗的。It’s no good/ use doing sth.做某事時沒用的。

24.She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.25.suffer from 患?病;受?苦痛;遭受

Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam.世界上大多數大城市都交通堵塞為患。

26.It was such fun to watch it run loose in the park.27.I’ve got tired of looking nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.28.I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.29.Mum asked her if she was very hot with so many clothes on.with+名詞/代詞(賓格)+分詞/形容詞/介詞短語/不定式/副詞在句中常作伴隨狀語。動詞形式的選擇取決于賓語同動詞之間的邏輯關系。

The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.30.have some trouble with sb or sth.在??上遇到了麻煩 I have some trouble with my studies.31.get along ? with sb/sth.與某人相處怎樣/某事進展如何？

If you have some trouble(in)getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice.如果你在和朋友的相處上有問題，你可以寫信給編輯向他征求建議。32.This has made me angry.?he made her diary her best friend…

make 后接復合賓語，賓語補足語須用不帶to 的不定式、形容詞、過去分詞、名詞等。常見的有以下幾種形式: make sb.do sth.讓(使)某人做某事。He was made to repeat it.(注意在被動句中，不定式前要加to)make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物?We should do our best to make our country stronger and more beautiful.make sb./ oneself +v-ed 讓某人/自己被?When you speak, you should make yourself understood.(4)make sb.+n.使某人成為?

make it n./adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.We made him leader of our team.(注意表示職位的名詞前不加冠詞)He made it easy for us to understand the text.33.I’m not good at communicating with people.34.Although I tried to talk to my classmates, I still found it hard to make friends with them.35.I do want to change this situation, but I don’t know how.36.Mr.Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.瓊斯先生單獨一人生活，常常感到孤獨。

37.I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.? ?如果您給我提些建議，我會非常感謝的。??（I would be grateful if???委婉客氣提出請求）38.join in discussions and show interest in other people’s ideas

39.It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary.? ?記日記對你來說是個好習慣。40.Why not have a try? 41.True friends are like wine;the older, the better.42.People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.43.A friend in need is a friend indeed.必修I--unit 2 I---II English around the world

一、知識點

1.go to the pictures去看電影（美）；go to the movies 去看電影（英）

2.?list the countries that use English as an official language 列舉把英語用作官方語言的國家 3.the road to ?通向??之路

4.at the end of在??末端，在??盡頭，by the end最后（=finally）5.because of 因為??（注意和because 的區別）

Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.因為污染嚴重，許多美麗的魚類正在面臨絕種。

An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much.爭論是不可避免的，因為他們彼此非常厭惡。6.native English speakers 以英語作為母語的人

7.even if(= even thoug)即使，用來引導一個讓步狀語從句，后面既可用陳述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣，但是even if/even though,引導的從句中不用將來時。如：Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we will leave for Beijing.8.come up 走上前來，走近，發生，出現 come up with 追上，趕上，提出

9.Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.事實上，當不同文化相互交流滲透時，所有的語言都會有所發展、有所變化。10.be different from? 與??不同 be different in ? 在??不同

Most of my projects will be wildly different in performance from one night to the next.我多數作品每天晚上的演奏風格都各不相同。

As we know, Britain English is a little different from American English.中所周知，英國英語和美國英語有點不同。

11.be based on 以??為基礎The relationship between our two countries is based upon mutual respect.兩個國家的關系以相互尊重為基礎。This book is based on a true story that happened in the 1930s.這本書以發生在20世紀三十年代的真實故事為基礎。The reporter asked the writer who he based his character on.記者問作家他作品的人物是以誰為原型的。

12.at present 目前，眼下be present at 在席；出席present sth to sb / present sb with sth把??推薦，呈現??for the present眼前；暫時present oneself 出席；到場 13.make(great/ good/better/full)use of We have a lot of work to do, so we have to make good use of time.我們有很多工作要做，所以要好好利用時間。

14.The latter gave a separate identity to Amerian English speaking.后者體現了美國英語的不同特色。

15.For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.比如說，印度擁有眾多講英語流利的人，這是應為英國于1765到1947年統治過印度。(A small number of friends came to help him when he was in trouble)16.such as 例如

for example In this paragraph there are many nouns, such as boy, girl, and book.這一段里面有很多名詞，例如男孩、女孩和書本。Many great men have risen from poverty---Lincoln, for example.許多偉人從貧困中崛起，例如林肯。You can take your research work for example.你可以拿你的研究工作做個例子。

17.Today, the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.目前在中學習英語的人數正在迅速增長。

18.the largest number of 大多數的

China has the largest number of people.中國有著世界上最多的人。

19.It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a native speaker.中國人說英語很難像以英語為母語的人說英語那么流利。

20.One reason is that English has a large vocabulary.一個原因是英語有很大的詞匯量。21.different English speaking countries 不同的說英語的國家 22.sing sb a song = sing a song for sb 23.turn off turn on turn up turn down 24.hold on 堅持住，握住不放；(打電話時)不掛斷，等—會hold on to vt.拉住(抓牢)25.believe it or not 信不信由你

26.those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English 人們期望新聞播音員所說的英語是最好的英語

27.? you will hear the difference in the way（that/ in which）people speak.你會聽出人們在說話時的差異。

28.play a role/ part(in)在?中擔任角色；在?中起作用;扮演一個角色；參與 play an important role/ part 在?中起重要作用

Deng Xiaoping played an important part in developing the economy in China.鄧小平在中國經濟的發展過程中起著重要作用。

29.from one place to another 從一個地方到另一個地方 30.the same ?as? 與??一樣

31.? they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.??他們仍然能夠辨別、理解彼此的方言。

32.No problem.沒問題

33.a nice fall day = a lovely autumn day 34.at the top of?在?頂上，在最高位，at the bottom of 在??底部 35.keep fit 保持健康

You need exercise and keep fit.你需要運動和保持體形。36.build up逐漸積聚，集結；逐步建立；增進，增強 bring up 教養，養育；提出

37.When you learn English, try to have fun with the language.當學英語的時候，努力找出語言的樂趣。

38.Visitors are requested not to take photos in the museum.博物館要求參觀的旅客不得在館內拍照。

39.by candle light 借助于燭光

40.be satisfied with?對??感到滿意，滿足于

Never be satisfied with just a little success.不要有一點成績就滿足。

41.She suggested using CDs to listen to English songs and learn English expressions, watching the news and interviews on CCTV 9, and trying to listen to native speakers.她建議用CD來聽英語歌曲和學習英語短語，看新聞和中央電視臺9套訪談，努力聽以英語為母語的人說話。It is suggested that...有人提議...I suggest that...我覺得[認為] I suggested you do what he says.我建議你按照他說的去做。I suggest you not go tomorrow.我想你明天還是不要去了。

His pale face suggested that he was in bad health.他蒼白的臉色暗示了他身體不好。42.at sea在海上 當海員 迷惑, 茫然by sea乘船，經海路 by the sea 在海邊, 在海岸邊 in the sea在海里 on the sea 在海上

beyond/over the sea在海外

She tried to understand the instructions, but she was completely at sea.她費盡力氣想看懂那些說明文字，卻全然不知所云。

43.according to ? 按照?? He lives according to her means他按他的方式生活

必修I--unit 3 I---III Travel journal

一、知識點 1.prefer prefer doing to talking 喜歡做而不喜歡說

Which of these two dresses do you prefer? 這兩套衣服你喜歡哪一套？

I prerer to go to America for my fruther study.我更愿意選擇去美國進修學習。Anne prefers me to replace her at the meeting.安妮更愿意我代替她去參加會議。1.advantages and disadvantages 優劣

2.How do they make use of it in their daily life? 在日常生活中他們是如何利用它的 3.flow through 流過，流經

4.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.從高中起，我姐姐王維和我就一直夢想做一次偉大的自行車旅行。? ?連詞since 引導的時間狀語從句用一般過去時，介詞since 與表示過去某一點時間的詞語連用，副詞since 后不用從句或詞語。

It is/has been+一段時間+since+一般過去時(從句中的動作不能延續)自從??至今已經多久了。

since then 自從那時至今 ever since 從那以后一直

5.persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 說服某人做某事

He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上學，他還是說服她去。

6.grow up in western Yunnan 在云南西部長大

7..After graduating fro college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.大學畢業以后，我們終于有了機會騎自行車旅行。

8.It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.首先想到沿湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅游的是我的姐姐。強調句型It is/was?that/who 的用法歸納如下：

強調句型可以強調除謂語動詞以外的任何句子成份。一般來說，如果被強調部分是人時，用連詞that或who；如果被強調部分是物，只能用連詞that。強調句型應避免使用when, where, which 等連詞。

含一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的強調句句型: ① 含一般疑問句的強調句型，其結構為：Is it+被強調部分+that/who+句子的其余部分？ ② 特殊疑問句的強調句型結構形式為：特殊疑問詞+is/was it that/who+句子的其余部分？ 9.schedual for the trip 旅行計劃 10.be fond of 喜歡，喜愛

Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.盡管她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她堅持要自己把這次旅行安排得盡善盡美。（注意1：Although conj.“盡管，雖然”，引導讓步狀語從句。拓展：

① although 從句多在句首，though 從句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though 可以作副詞用于句末，作“但是，不過”講，而although 無此用法。

② although 用來陳述事實而不用于假設，所以as though(仿佛，好像)，even though(即使，盡管)中不能用although。

③ though 引導的讓步狀語從句可以倒裝(將表語、狀語、情態動詞后的動詞原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而 although 不可以。注意2：insist 在這里的意思是“堅持要求”后面的that從句用虛擬語氣；如果insist 意為“強調，堅持認為”的時候，從句可以用任何所需要的時態。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她強調她沒撒謊。另外，還可以用insist on doing sth/ sth.一定要、堅持主張，如：She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly她老是一大早起來把收音機音量開大。）

11.care about details 考慮細節（The only thing he cares about is money.他唯一在乎的就是金錢。

care for 喜歡，照料，照顧 I don’t really care for red wine.我其實并不喜歡紅葡萄酒。Who will care for your child if you are out? 如果你外出了，誰來照顧你的孩子？ 12.give me a determined look給了我一個堅定的眼神 13.change one’s mind 改變主意

14.?she seemed to be excited about it.似乎顯得興奮 15.an interesting experience一次有趣的經歷

16.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.Finally, I had to give in.她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步了。Once 可作為從屬連詞，作“一(旦)??就??”解，連接一個表示時間的狀語從句。從句中常用一般現在時，現在完成時表將來。如：Once you have begin you must continue.Once printed，the book will be very popular。

17.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across wetern Yunnan Province.它穿過深谷時就變成了急流，流經云南西部。

18.It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows.河水蜿蜒緩慢地穿過低谷，流向生長稻谷的平原。

19.He is so stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything.他太固執，沒有一人能勸動他做事。

20.A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.不論工作多難，一個堅決的人總是努力地去完成它。

21.My grandapa is fond of fishing and sometimes he fishes all day in the river.我爺爺喜歡釣魚，有時他整天在河邊釣魚。

22.I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.我喜歡那件紅色的衣服不喜歡那件綠色的，因為紅色的更合我的身。

23.The concert went like clockwork because Li Pei organized it so well.音樂會順利地進行，因為李佩組織地相當好。

24.I wanted to pay the train fare, but my friend insisted.Finally I gave in.我想付火車票費用，但我朋友堅持他付。最后我讓步了。

25.She persuaded all of us to cycle to work instead of taking the bus.她說服了我們不做公共汽車而是騎車去工作。

26.As neither of them would give in, no decision was taken that day.由于雙方都不讓步，那天沒有形成決議。

27.The task was difficult, but Helen’s determined expression let me know that she would not give up.雖然工作很難，但海倫的堅定神情使我知道她不會放棄。

28.How I wish I could make a journey into space and see the stars up close.我多么希望我能夠進行太空旅行，近距離地看看星星啊。

29.The very first time that Joe saw the film “ET” directed by Steven Spieberg, he made up his mind to become a director too.第一次看Steven Spieberg執導的電影“ET”時，他就下定決心也要當一名導演。

30.a large parcel of 一大包

31.We are taking out insurance to cover any problems.我們要投保給一切問題保險。32.Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.我們的腿又冷又沉，感覺就像大冰塊。

33.Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.一路上，一些身著羊毛大衣的孩子們停下來看我們。

34.However, the lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful.然而，湖水在落日的余暉下閃亮如鏡，景色迷人。35.as usual 像往常一樣

36.At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds.在某個時刻，我們發現自己置身高處，仿佛騎車穿越云層。

37.We saw many sheep eating green grass.我們看到羊群在吃草。38.make camp宿營

39.put up our tent 搭帳篷 40.stay awake 睡不著，醒著 41.at midnight 在半夜 42.for company 做伴

43.lie beneath the stars 躺在星空下

44.We can hardly wait to see them.我們迫不及待地想要見到他們。45.Good luck on your journey.祝你旅途愉快

46.When you go on a journey, why not keep a travel journey? 當你出游的時候問什么不記旅行日記呢？

47.see the world through somebody else’s eyes 通過別人的眼睛看世界

48.go in the right direction 走正確的方向

49.The tortoise moves at a very slow pace.烏龜以很慢的速度行進。If you pace yourself, you will be able to work efficiently.如果你為自己定好了速度，你就會高效地工作。50.be similar to 類似于

51.afford to do sth 付得起，能承擔 52.be tired from 因??而疲勞

be tired of 對??厭倦

53.be in high spirits 喜氣洋洋，興高采烈 54.come true 實現，成真

55.Ask them to give you some advice on improving it.要他們就如何改進提一些建議。56.a guide to? ??的指南

57.on a tour 在游覽中，在巡演中 58.in detail 詳細地

必修I---unit 4 I---IV Earthquakes

一、知識點

1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake.現在，假設有一次大地震。

“There +be +主語+其它成分”結構中there為引導詞，本身無意義，謂語動詞按照就近一致原則。其它相似句型還有： There happen to be 碰巧有

There seems/appears to be 好像有 There is likely to be 可能有 There may/might be 也許有 There must be 一定有 There can’t be 不可能有

There is said/reported to be 據說/據報道有 There used to be 曾經有

There is sure/certain to be 一定有 2.happen to.It(so)happened that…

Did you hear what happened to David last night? 你聽說大衛昨天晚上發生什么事了嗎? What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up? 如果彼得和愛麗絲離婚孩子們將怎么辦? I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去書店的路上碰巧遇見了彼得。

It so happened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去書店的路上碰巧遇見了彼得。

I happened to be out when he called.他來訪時，恰巧我出去了。(= It happened that I was out when he called.)I happened on just the thing I had been looking for.我偶然發現了我所要找的東西。3.right away毫不遲疑，立刻

He is ill;you should call in the doctor right away.他病了, 你應該立即請大夫來。4.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.裂縫里冒出臭氣。

5.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.農家大院里，雞甚至豬都緊張得不想吃食。

6.But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.但是，這個城市的一百萬居民都沒有把這些情況當一回事，當天晚上照常睡著了。7.It seemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。從句表示“(在某人)看來好像；似乎”

① It seems/looks/appears as if/though?看起來好像? ② Sb./Sth.looks as if/though?(不用seem/appear)③ There seems/appears(to be)?(不用 look)

There appears to have been a mistake.=It appears that there has been a mistake.④ It seems so.=So it seems.看來似乎是這樣。

8.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒鐘內，一座大城市就淪落為一片廢墟之中。

9.Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake.三人之二的人在地震中死去或受傷。

10.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.死傷的人數達到40多萬。

10.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些醫生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。

11.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。該句為部分否定。All, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以及every+名詞都表示全部肯定；但當not 在它們之前或之后都表示部分否定。no one, none nobody, nothing, not?any, 以及 no+名詞都表示全部否定。如： ① Both of them haven’t read this story.并非他們二人都看過這個故事。

② All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem.這些男孩都很聰明，但沒有一個人能解出這道題。

③ All bamboo doesn’t grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall.并非所有的竹子都長的高。12.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.救援人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所。13.under the weight of 在??重壓下，迫于

14.in the open air 在戶外，在野外，露天 in the air 在空中，懸而未決

15.take turns to do sth依次，輪流做某事 in turn 依次地，輪流地

It is your turn now.現在輪到你了。

No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn.任何人都不準不按次序買票。16.be shocked at 對??感到震驚 17.be proud of 以??為自豪

18.Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 19.express one’s thanks to sb /for sth… 對/因??表示感謝

20.without warning 毫無預兆 21.next to緊接著，相鄰，次于 22.get away from… 避免，擺脫，離開

23.disarster-hit areas災區 24.raise money 募捐，籌款

25.Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.聽英語是一項很重要的技能，因為只有當我們懂得別人給我們說什么我們才能與他交談。

26.It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.人們認為地球表面是一些板塊。

27.hold up舉起；托住；支撐；使停滯;耽擱；提出；阻擋；列舉，推舉；(理論等)經得住 Women can hold up half of the sky.婦女能頂半邊天。

28.make up彌補, 虛構, 縫制, 整理, 包裝, 和解, 編輯, 化妝,補足,拼湊

Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.農民只占人口的一小部分.The boy made up a story;it was not true.男孩編了個故事，這故事不是真的。

29.The judge gave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who won the competition.裁判把獎金頒給贏得比賽的自行車選手，并向他祝賀。

30.The miners who had been trapped in the mine for two days were finally rescued.被困在煤礦里兩天的礦工們最后得到了營救。

31.The reporter recognized that the girl who was so frightened was trying to avoid the question.記者意識到女孩很害怕，而且盡力地回避問題。32.The big fire destroyed two shops which are about four blocks from here.大火摧毀了離這兒四個街區的兩個商店。

33.I can’t express how I am feeling at the moment.我無法表達我現在的感覺。

34.It is said but true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks.據說但是真實的，在地震中人們死于倒落的家具和磚塊。35.be fixed to?被固定到?? 36.be tied to ? 被綁在??

必修 I---Unit 5 I---V Nelson Mandela—a modern hero

一、知識點

1.A great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.偉人是把自己的生命奉獻給幫助別人的人。（He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.他開始研究生態學，并決心將他的一生獻身于這門科學。He devoted himself entirely to music.他將一生奉獻給了音樂。）

2.fight against 對抗，反對，與??作斗爭

We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice.在共同反對非正義行為的斗爭中, 我們都是同志.People often have to fight for their liberty.人們往往不得不為自由而戰。

He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.他與他妻子總是在為由誰來照看孩子而吵架。

3.He worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese soldiers.作為一個醫生他無私地在中國工作，并且拯救了很多中國戰士。

4.He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism;people’s rights;people’s livelihood.他主張三民主義：民主、民權、民生。5.be free from 免于，不受

A judge must be free from prejudice.法官必須不抱成見。6.in a peaceful way 以和平的方式 7.be in prison 入獄，在獄中服刑 in the prison 在監獄

8.the same?as?和??一樣

9.the first man to land on the moon 第一個登上月球的人

10.The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.第一次見到他的時候是在我一生中非常艱難的時期。（定語從句）

11.He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨地給予我時間，我為此非常感激。（He is generous with his money.他花錢大方。I am grateful to you for helping me.感謝你的幫助。Our grateful thanks are due to you.我們衷心感謝你。）12.have little education 受的教育少

13.I could not read or write well.我既不會讀也不會寫。

14.I worried about whether I would become out of work.我擔心我是不是會失業。15.I became more hopeful about my future.我對自己的未來充滿了希望。（I am hopeful that she will come tomorrow.我對她明天要來抱著希望。）16.as soon as I could 盡快，馬上

17.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.（定語從句）過去30年來所出現的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權利都沒有的階段。（The 19th century saw many changes.許多變革發生于19世紀。at an early stage in our history 在我們的歷史早期）

18.?we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.我們被置于這樣一個境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現實，要么跟政府作斗爭。

19.Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。（Only 位于句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句時，句子采用部分倒裝的語序；修飾狀語從句時，只有主句采用部分倒裝的語序。

如：① Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.只有這樣，你才能想出解決這個問題的辦法。

② Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三次他才來參加會議。③ Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.病的很重時，他才臥床休息。Only then did I realize my mistake.直到那時我才知道我的錯誤.）

20.as a matter of fact 事實上（As a matter of fact，it is health that counts.事實上，健康才是最重要的。As a matter of fact, parents don’t want their children to be in trouble.事實上，父母都不希望子女有麻煩。）

21.In 1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings.在1963年，我幫助他炸毀了一些政府大樓。（Can you lend me a pump to blow up my bicycle tyres? 你能借給我個打氣筒給車胎打打氣嗎? Then it turned out that some stars, like our own sun will blow up one day.然后，事實上有些恒星，就像我們自己的太陽，有朝一日會爆炸。）

22.?I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.??我知道這是為了實現我們的黑人和白人平等的夢想。23.in trouble 處于困境 遇到麻煩? ? Do as you're told, otherwise you'll be in trouble.叫你怎麼做就怎麼做, 否則有麻煩.24.be willing to do sth.愿意，樂于Only very few people would be willing to share with him their opinions.很少有人愿意跟他分享他們的見解。

25.What was his attitude towards the unfair situation black people faced? 他對黑人面臨的不公平處境什么態度？

26.turn to 變成；求助于，借助于, 翻到，轉向?? She had no one to turn to for advice.她沒有一個可以商量的人。

Who can I turn to in my hour of need? 在我需要的時候我能向誰求助呢？

As they were out of work,??Mr and Mrs Black had to turn to their relatives for help.布萊克夫婦由于失業，不得不向親戚求幫助。

27.? the quality of life for black people got worse.?? 黑人的生活質量更糟糕。

28?.many people remember me as one of the first active black fighters for human rights 很多人認為我是為人權而戰的第一批積極的黑人戰士之一。29.lose heart 灰心;泄氣, 喪失勇氣,失去信心

Difficulties were increasing.Even then we did not lose heart.盡管困難在增加，但我們毫不灰心。

You will succeed sooner or later while you don't lose heart.只要你不失去信心，你遲早會成功。If you fail, you should not lose heart but just keep on going.如果你失敗了，你也不該灰心。30.escape from 逃脫，逃離，從??逃出

He listens to music as an escape from the pressures of work.他聽音樂以緩解一下工作的壓力.He stayed in the background to escape from the public attention.他呆在幕后為了避開公眾的注意。

The couple had a narrow escape from the fire.這對夫妻從火災中死里逃生。

31.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.在午餐的休息時間和晚上我們本應該睡覺的時候他教授我們。should have done 本應做而未做 needn’t have done 本不應做而做了 can’t have done 過去不可能做過

32.He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.他說他們不應該被剝奪通過學習獲得學位的權利。

33.?but they did pass their exams.但是他們確實通過了考試。34.That made me feel good about myself.這讓我覺得自己還不錯。35.be better educated 受到良好教育 36.I didn’t work again for twenty years until the ANC came to power in 1994.在非國大于1994年執政之前，我有20年沒有工作。（After Mandela came to power and became president, his government did their best to change the unfair situation for black people.曼德勒掌權成為總統后，他的政府盡力為黑人改變不平等的狀況。）37.All the terror and fear of that time came back to me.我回憶起那時的所有的恐怖和令人畏懼的情景。

After the attack , her eyes filled with terror every time when she saw a dog.自從遭遇襲擊之后，她每次看見狗，眼睛里都滿是恐懼。38.be proud to do sth.I'll be proud to be part of it 我會以成為其中一份子而自豪。be proud of sth You should be proud of what you have achieved.你們應當為自己所取得的成績而自豪。39.set up創立，建立，為?作準備；豎立，架起，建造；開業，開始經商 The company was set up ten years ago.公司是十年前建立的。

He plans to set up his own business.他決定自己做生意。

He begged me to let him join the club we have just set up.他懇求我讓他加入我們剛建立的俱樂部。

40.be sentenced to ? 被判處??

He suggested that the murderer referred to be sentenced to death at once.他建議所涉及到的殺人兇手立刻被判處死刑。

Robert was sentenced to three years in prison for stealing and released a month ago.羅伯特因偷竊被判處三年監禁，于一個月前被釋放。41.Do you have any thoughts on that? 你認為那怎么樣？ 42.to my understanding 按我的理解

43.He was in poor health in his youth so he had to be educated at home.他年輕時身體不好，所有只得在家接受教育。

44.be accepted by ? 被??錄取、接受 45.give free medical care to people there 給那兒的人免費醫療

As far as I know, in some developed countries people enjoy free medical care.就我所知，在一些發達國家人們享有免費醫療。46.He died from blood poisoning.他死于敗血癥。

47.At that time the war between China and Japan was under way.那時中日戰爭正在進行之中。48.Mao Zedong praised Bethune’s excellent qualities in this article.毛澤東在這篇文章了贊揚了白求恩的優良品質。

49.point of view 觀察點；觀點

It depends on your point of view.這將因個人觀點而異。50.compete with? 與??競爭?? If you want to compete with someone, compete with yourself.如果你想同別人競爭，先同自己競爭。51.advise 常用搭配

advise + n./pron.advise + doing advise sb.to do sth.advise + that從句（從句的謂語用“should + v原”，should 常省略）

注：1）與advise用法類似的動詞如forbid, ,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接動詞作賓語時要用動名詞，但接賓補（主補）時，賓補（主補）要用不定式。

如：We forbid smoking here.（賓語，用動名詞）We forbid you to smoke here.（賓補，用動詞不定式）You are forbidden to smoke here.（主補，用動詞不定式）2）區別：advise（勸說）/persuade（勸服）

1)我勸過他，但未能勸服他。_______________________________

Unit 1 Friendship

be good to

對….友好

add up 合計

another time 改時間

get sth done 使…被做 calm down 鎮定下來

have got to 不得不

be concerned about 關心；掛念

walk the dog 遛狗 make a list of

列出 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 go through 經歷；仔細檢查

hide away 躲藏；隱藏 set down 放下；記下

a series of 一系列；一套 be crazy about 對…著迷

on purpose 故意

in order to/ so as to 為了

face to face 面對面地

according to 按照；根據…所說

get along with 與…相處 pack up 收拾，打理行裝

have trouble with sb/sth 同某人鬧意見；做…有困難 fall in love 相愛

throw away the friendship 放棄/終止友誼 try out 試驗；試用

join in 參加（活動）

communicate with sb 和…交際

far and wide

到處

look to sth 注意，留心某事

cheat sb(out)of sth 騙取某人某物

have the/a habit of doing sth 有做…的習慣

be ignorant of

無知的

1.I wonder if… 我想知道是否….2.It’s because… 這是因為….此從句中because不能用since或as 代替

3.What do you think a good friend should be like? 你認為一個好朋友應該是什么樣的呢？ 4.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.=While you were walking the dog, …在遛狗時，你不小心讓狗掙脫了繩子，結果狗被車撞了。（當while, when, before, after 等引導的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時，可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。）

5.Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位無話不談、能推心置腹的朋友嗎？

6.I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我已經很久不能去戶外，所以我變得對自然界的所有東西都很感興趣。

7.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我記得非常清楚，曾有一段時間，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未使我心醉神迷過。

8.It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。

9.I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.如果您給我提些建議，我會非常感謝的。

（I would be grateful if… 委婉客氣提出請求）

10.It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary.記日記對你來說是個好習慣。11.She found it difficult to settle and… 12.This series of readers is very interesting.13.A friend in need is a friend indeed.14.People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.Unit2 English around the world

in…ways 在…方面

be different from 與…不同

play a role/ part(in)在…中擔任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一個角色；參與 play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用

because of 因為；由于 such as 例如

believe it or not 信不信由你

come up(vi)走進；上來；發生；被討論 come up with 提出

come up to a place 參觀某地 ever before 從前

at the end of 在…末期 even if/ though 即使

be based on 在...基礎上 close to 距離…近

make(good/ full)use of（好好/充分）利用 change…into 把…變成 in the early days 在早期

from one place to another 從一處到另一處 take…with…隨身攜帶 the same…as 與…相同的 at present 目前

as a rule 通常；照例 be present at 在席；出席 carry out a rule 執行規則 be absent from 缺席 be a native of 是…人

present sth to sb / present sb with sth be native to 是…的土產動物/植物

at sb’s request 應某人的要求 have a command of掌握 make a request 請求 give commands 命令

request that …(should)+v原形 in one direction 朝一個方向

an international language 一門國際語言

an international organization 一個國際組織 in the 1600’s = in the 1600s as we know 正如我們所知

1.However, they may not be able to understand everything.（然而，他們可能不是什么都懂。）

2.This is because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.(這是因為英國于1765年到1947年統治過印度。)3.All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.(當不同文化互相溝通時，所有的語言都會發生變化。)4.What the British call “petrol” the Americans call “gas”.(美國人把被英國人稱作“petrol”的東西稱作“gas”。此處what引導賓語從句)5.Actually, it was based more on German than present day English.(實際上，當時的英語更多地是以德語為基礎的，而現代英語不是。)6.…those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.7.The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.(in which= where, 其引導定語從句。美國是一個大國，國內說著許許多多的方言。)8.…there is more than one kind of English in the world.(more than one+單數可數名詞，作主語時，謂語用單數)

9.It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as well as a native English speaker.(對于一個中國人來說把英語說得跟以英語為母語的人一樣好是不容易的。)句型：It is + adj/n+ for sb to do sth 對于某人來說做某事是… 擴充：It is + adj+ of /for sb to do sth 當句式中形容詞修飾to do sth 時用for;若形容詞修飾sb，則用of.eg: It’s kind of you to help me carry the box.附：

1.either…or…和neither…nor…連接兩個名詞作主語，謂語動詞采取就近原則。2.be different in 強調在某方面的不同

be different from

強調在各方面的不同 3.in the end 最后，最終

后無of 結構 三個表示最后最終的用法：

⑴finally: 按照順序的最后，常與first, secondly 等連用 ⑵at last: 經過長時間等待直到最后

⑶in the end: 經過長期曲折斗爭努力，終于…

如：戰爭等

4.與人交談，常會有聽不清楚或聽不懂的情形，遇到這種情況該如何開口呢？ ⑴Pardon? ⑵I beg your pardon? I don’t understand./ Sorry, I can’t follow you.對不起，我沒聽懂，請再說一遍好嗎？

⑶Could you say that again, please? / Could you repeat that, please? 請再說一遍好嗎？ ⑷Could you speak more slowly, please? 請你說得慢一點好嗎？ 5.include ─ including;included identity ─ identify

actually ─ actual(adj);

rapidly ─ rapid(v)government(n)─ govern(v)

wide(adj)─ widen(v);

broad(adj)─ broaden(v)foreign ─ foreigner;solve(v)─ solution(n)6.petrol------gas;lift------elevator;flat------apartment film------movie;

sweets----candy;post------mail

Unit3 Travel Journal

one-way fare 單程票

round-trip fare 往返票

dream of/ about doing sth 夢想做某事

graduate from 從…畢業

go for long bike rides 做長途自行車旅行

persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 說服某人做某事

persuade sb not to do sth= persuade sb out of doing sth 說服某人不做某事 get sb interested in 使某人對… 感興趣

insist on(one’s)sth/ doing sth 一定要；堅持要

the best way of doing sth/ the best way to do sth 干某事的最好辦法 at an altitude of 在…海拔上

attitude to/ toward(s)對…態度

care about 憂慮，關心

care for喜歡，照顧

care to do愿意/同意做某事

change one’s mind 改變主意

to my mind = in my opinion make up one’s mind to do 決心干某事

determine to do sth(動作)/ be determined to do sth（心理）決心干某事 give in(to)投降；屈服；讓步

give in(vt)上交

give up 放棄

give up doing/sth as usual 像往常一樣

at midnight 午夜

make camp 野營，宿營

put up one’s tents 搭起帳篷

sth be familiar to sb某事為某人所熟悉

sb be familiar with sth某人熟悉某事

can’t wait/ can hardly wait to do sth 迫不及待想干某事

for one thing… for another（用來引出某事的理由）一則… 二則… take one’s breath away 使某人大吃一驚

1.It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River.強調句基本句型：it is/ was….that….其中指人時可用who(主)，whom(賓)。

2.Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that we(should)find the source of the river.insist that….(should)+ v原形

堅持要；堅持要求 insist that….陳述語氣

堅持說；堅持認為

3.Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles?(metaphor)4.To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hills was great fun.5.Good luck on your journey.6.The lake shone like glass in the moonlight.(simile)

Unit4 Earthquakes

have time to do 有時間做某事

happen to do 碰巧做某事

shake hands with sb 握手

burst into tears/ laughter

burst out crying/laughing 突然哭/笑起來

in ruins 成為廢墟

cut across 穿過、橫穿

blow away 吹走、刮走

fall down 倒塌

rescue workers 救援人員

be pleased to do 樂意做某事

make/ give a speech 發表演說

judging….from 根據……來判斷

tens of thousands of 成千上萬

dig out 挖掘

a great/ large number of =a great many/good 大量的 be trapped in/ under 陷入……/ 陷在……下面

the high school speaking competition 高中演講比賽

have sb do sth= make sb do sth= let sb do sth 讓某人做某事

come to an end(vi)= put/ bring sth to an end = put/ bring an end to sth 結束某事 be proud of / take pride in 以……而自豪

invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事

think little of 對……評價低

invite sb for/ to sth

think highly of 對……評價高

one-third 1/3

two-thirds 2/3

seventy-five percent

75% agree with sb

give out 發出（氣味等）；分發；耗盡

agree to sth

give off 發出（氣味等）

agree to do sth

give away 贈送；泄露

agree on sth 達成一致意見

give back 歸還

right away= right now= at once= immediately 立刻 as you know 正如你所知道的be known as 作為……而知名

as is known to all 眾所周知

be known for 因……而出名

as could be expected 正如可以預料到的 it is useless doing sth 干某事是無用的 happen= take place= come about= break out 偶發

有計劃

偶發

戰爭等爆發

1.It is always calm before a storm.2.Now, imagine there has been a big earthquake.此句為There be 句型 3.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.現在分詞表伴隨 4.It seemed that the world was at an end.5.Water, food and electricity were hard to get.句型：主語+ be + adj + to do

其中to do 用主動形式表示被動含義 6.All hope was not lost.all 與not 連用 表示部分否定 7.It’s never too late to learn.活到老，學到老。附：分詞用法 之

作定語

falling leaves 正在落的葉子

fallen leaves

已經落在地上的葉子

Unit5 Nelson Mandela----a modern hero

lose heart 喪失勇氣

worry about 擔心（動作）

lose one’s heart to sb/sth 愛上，喜歡上 be worried about 擔心（狀態）in trouble 處于不幸中 be sentenced to 被判處

be out of work = lose one’s job 失業 be equal to 相等的，平等的

as a matter of fact = in fact = actually 事實上 blow up 充氣，爆炸

set up 建立，創立；設置，豎起 send up 發射，使上漲

set about 著手做某事(set about doing sth)go up 上升，增長；被興建 set off 出發，動身

set up 設立，建立；設置，豎起

boiling water 正在沸騰的水 boiled water 開水

beg for 乞討

set out 陳列，擺出；開始（set out to do sth）

be active in = take an active part in 積極參與，在……活躍

keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事

die for 為……而死 stop sb(from)doing sth die from 死于（外因）prevent sb(from)doing sth die of 死于（內因 如：饑餓，寒冷，疾病等）

put sb in prison= throw sb into prison= send sb to prison 把……投入監獄 advise sb to do sth 建議某人做某事 advice 不可數

a piece of advice advise doing sth fight for 為爭取……而斗爭 advise sb on sth fight against 為反對……而斗爭 advise that(should)+ v原

fight with 同……并肩作戰/ 同……斗爭 have problems/ difficulty/ trouble with sth work out 算出

have problems/ difficulty/ trouble(in)doing sth

have a go= have a try be willing to do sth 樂于做某事

realize one’s dream of 實現…… 的夢想 answer violence with violence 以暴制暴 break the law 違反法律 come to power 當權，上臺 social activities 社會活動

equal(adj)------equally(adv)------equality(n)

violence(n)------violent(adj)cruelty(n)------cruel(adj)------cruelly(adv)educated(adj)------education(n)willing----unwilling 不愿意的 active----inactive 不活躍的

1.Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.only 放在句首且后接狀語時（作狀語：副詞；介詞短語；狀語從句），要使用部分倒裝------才用一般疑問句語序。

Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth.Only when his father came back did he go to bed.（從句無需倒裝，主句要倒裝）

2.He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism;people’s rights;people’s livelihood.他主張三民主義：民主、民權、民生。

3.I felt bad the first time I talked to the group.the first time 用法相當于連詞用法，用來引導從句 鏈接：It’s the first time that 現在完成時 It was the first time that 過去完成時

4.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.should have done 本應做而未做 needn’t have done 本不應做而做了 can’t have done 過去不可能做過

第五篇：高一英語知識點總結(上冊)教學知識點歸納總結

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

高一英語知識點總結（上冊）教學知識點歸納總結

重點詞組：

1.fond of “喜愛，愛好” 接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式。例如：

He’s fond of swimming.他喜歡游泳。

Are you fond of fresh vegetables.你喜歡新鮮蔬菜嗎?

He is fond of his research work.他喜愛他的研究工作。

2.hunt for = look for尋找

I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的書。

hunt for a job 找工作

3.in order to, so as to 這兩個詞組都可引導不定式作目的狀語, in order to可放于句首, so as to則不能, 其否定形式為in order not to / so as not to.如:

He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.為了讓我們注意他, 他朝我們又是叫喊又是揮手。

4.care about

1)喜歡，對……有興趣 = care for

She doesn’t care about money.她不喜歡錢。

2）關心 = care for

She thinks only of herself.She doesn’t care about other people.中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

她只考慮自己。她不關心別人。

3）在乎，在意（接從句或不接任何成分）

These young people care nothing about what old people might say.這些年輕人根本不在乎老人說的話。

5.such as 意為“諸如……”，“像……”，是用來列舉人或事物的。

She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三門科目,像物理、化學。

6.drop *

a line 留下便條, 寫封短信

7、make yourself at home 別客氣；隨便；無拘束

（1）If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝點飲料，隨便一點。

8、stay up 不睡；熬夜

（1）I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我將回家很晚，不要等我了。

（2）He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看書直到凌晨兩點。

9、come about 引起；發生；產生

（1）How did the accident come about?

這場事故是怎么發生的？

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

（2）They didn't know how the change had come about.他們不知道這個變化是怎樣產生的。

10、except for 除……之外

（1）except 與 except for 的用法常有區別。except 多用于引起同類事物中被排除的一項。如：

①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一個，他回答了所有問題。

②We go there every day except Sunday.除了星期天，我們天天去那里。

（2）except for 用于引述細節以修正句子的主要意思。如：

①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.除去一個老太太，這輛公共汽車全空了。

②Your picture is good except for the colours.你的畫兒很好，只是某些色彩有問題。

（3）但在現代英語中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一個例子可以是：

He answered all the questions except for the last one.（4）另外，在介詞短語之前只能用except，不能用except for。如：

We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我們通常十點之前上床睡覺。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

11、end up with 以……告終；以……結束

（1）The party ended up with an English song.聚會以一首英文歌結束。

12、more or less 幾乎；差不多；大約；大概；大體上

（1）I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他們沒有。

（2）Our living condition has more or less improved.我們的生活水平或多或少提高了。

13、bring in 引進；引來；吸收

（1）We should bring in new technology.我們應該引進新技術。

（2）He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一個月掙八百美元。

14、get away（from）逃離

（1）The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷帶著我們所有的錢從商店逃跑了。

（2）I caught a really big fish but it got away.我釣到了一條好大的魚，可是它逃掉了。

15、watch out（for）注意；留心

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

（1）Watch out!There is a car coming.小心！汽車來了。

（2）Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那個坑。

16、see sb.off 給某人送行

Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火車站給朋友送行。

17、on the other hand 另一方面（用以引出相互矛盾的觀點、意見等，常說on the one hand …… on the other hand一方面……另一方面）

I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道這份工作報酬不高，但從另一方面來說，我也不必工作太長時間。

18、as well as *

(sth)而且

He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是攝影師還是個天才的音樂家。

19、take place 發生 take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位

take sb’s place 或take the place of *

/ sth代替、取代

The Olympic Games take place / are held every four years.20、on fire 相當于burning, 意為“燃燒；著火；起火”，有靜態的含意。Catch fire有動態的含意。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

Set… on fire / set fire to …用來表示“使……著火”、“放火燒……”。例如：

Look, the theatre is on fire!Let’s go and help.瞧，劇院著火了，咱們去幫忙救火吧。

21、on holiday 在度假，在休假中

When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle.我在度假的時候去看望了叔叔。

holiday(holidays)一般指“休假”

Tom and I are going to have a holiday.我和湯姆準備去度假。

I've already had my holidays this year.我今年已經度過假了。

22、travel agency

A business that attends to the details of transportation, itinerary, and accommodations

for travelers.旅行社一種為旅行者提供細致的運輸、旅行和住宿方面服務的行業

Also called: travel bureau

23、take off 1)脫下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脫下了濕鞋子。

2）（飛機）起飛

The plane took off on time.It was a smooth take-off.飛機準時起飛。起飛非常順利。

3）匆匆離開

The six men got into the car and took off for the park.這六個人上了

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

車，匆匆離開去公園。

24.go wrong v.走錯路, 誤入岐途,(機器等)發生故障

25.in all adv.總共

26.stay away v.外出

27.look up 查詢（如賓語為代詞，則代詞放中間）

Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查單詞。

相關詞組：look for 尋找；look after照顧，照料； look forward to期待；look into調查；

look on旁觀；look out注意；look out for注意，留心，提防；look over翻閱，查看，檢查；look around環視；look through翻閱，查看。

28、run after追逐，追求

If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同時追兩只兔子，你一只也抓不到。

29、on the air廣播

We will be on the air in five minutes.我們五分鐘以后開始廣播。

This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.這個節目每天在同一時間播出。

30、think highly/well/much of對……評價很高, 贊賞, 對……印象好

He was highly thought of by the manager.經理對他非常贊賞。

I think well of your suggestion.我覺得你的建議很好。

think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……認為不好, 好……不在意, 不贊成, 覺得……不怎么樣

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我覺得他作為一個老師不怎么樣。

31.leave out 1)漏掉 You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出錯了—你漏掉了一個字母t.2)刪掉, 沒用 I haven’t changed or left out a thing.我沒有作出變動也沒有刪掉任何東西。

32.stare at（由于好奇、激動等張著嘴巴，睜大眼睛地）凝視，盯著看

Don’t stare at foreigners.It’s impolite.不要盯著外國人看，這樣不禮貌。

比較：glare at（to stare angrily at）怒視著

這兩個小男孩互相怒視著，隨時準備開戰。

33.make jokes about 就……說笑

They make jokes about my old hat.他們就我的舊帽子說笑我。

have a joke with … about …跟某人開關于某事的玩笑。

He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下來跟我開玩笑。

play a joke on…開某人的玩笑

We played jokes on each other.我們互相開玩笑。

v.joke about取笑 They joked about my broken English.他們取笑我蹩腳的英.45.take over 接管；接替；繼承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over(his job).我們的主席走了，因此杰克將接

管（他的工作）。

46.break down

1)破壞；拆散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人體中的化學元素把食物分解成有用的物質。

The peace talks are said to have broken down.(喻)據說和談破裂了。

2)（機器）損壞 Our truck broke down outside town.我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽車在到達目的地的中途拋錨了。

3)失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對意見打消了。

4)精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept.他不禁失聲痛哭。

5)起化學變化 Food is broken down by chemicals.化學物質引起食物轉化。

47、get on one’s feet

1）站起來;站起來發言

2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 經濟上獨立

3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了;(使)恢復, 復蘇(指企業)

48、go through

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

1)經歷；經受；遭到

These countries have gone / been through too many wars.這些國家飽經戰火。

2)完成；做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大學。

3）通過；批準 The law has gone through Parliament.議會已經通過了這項法案。

Their plans went through.他們的計劃得到了批準。

4）全面檢查；搜查

They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關他們檢查了我們的行李。

45.take over 接管；接替；繼承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over(his job).我們的主席走了，因此杰克將接

管（他的工作）。

46.break down

1)破壞；拆散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人體中的化學元素把食物分解成有用的物質。

The peace talks are said to have broken down.(喻)據說和談破裂了。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

2)（機器）損壞 Our truck broke down outside town.我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽車在到達目的地的中途拋錨了。

3)失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對意見打消了。

4)精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept.他不禁失聲痛哭。

5)起化學變化 Food is broken down by chemicals.化學物質引起食物轉化。

47、get on one’s feet

1）站起來;站起來發言

2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 經濟上獨立

3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了;(使)恢復, 復蘇(指企業)

48、go through

1)經歷；經受；遭到

These countries have gone / been through too many wars.這些國家飽經戰火。

2)完成；做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大學。

3）通過；批準 The law has gone through Parliament.議會已經通過了這項法案。

Their plans went through.他們的計劃得到了批準。

4）全面檢查；搜查

They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關他們檢查了我們

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺 的行李。

重點句型

1．“So + be／have／助動詞／情態動詞＋主詞”的結構。此結構中的語序是倒裝的，“So”代替上句中的某個成分。如果上面一句是否定句，則使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助動詞/情態動詞+主語”的結構。

例如 He’s tired，and so am I．(＝I’ m also tired．)

You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．)

She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．)

Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．)

A: I went to the park yesterday．

B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．)

2．“So +主語+be／have／助動詞／情態動詞”結構中的主謂是正常語序，so相當于indeed,certainly,表示說話人對前面或對方所說情況的肯定、贊同或證實，語氣較強，意思是“確實如此”。

例如 A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。

B：So it was．的確如此。(＝Yes，it was．)

A：You seem to like sports．

B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．)

A：It will be fine tomorrow．

B：So it will．(＝Yes，it will．)

3．“主語+do/does/did + so”結構指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重復。

My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in

my composition on time.)語文老師叫我按時交作文, 我照辦了。

4．So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情況)也是如此。”當前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語時，要表示相同情況，必須使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。

She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing.So it is with my sister.5、There you are.行了，好。

這是一句表示一種事情告一段落或有了最終結果的用語。如：

There you are!Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，還可以表示“瞧，對吧（果然如此）”的語氣。例如：

There you are!I knew we should find it at last.對吧！我就知道我們最終能找到的。

6、have some difficulty(in)doing sth.干某事有困難；接名詞時，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.①Do you have any difficulty(in)understanding English?

你理解英語口語有困難嗎？

②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她說她在發音方面有困難。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

7、have a good knowledge of sth.“掌握……”，“對……有某種程度的了解”

①He has a good knowledge of London.他對倫敦有所了解。

②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.一棵又一棵的樹被水沖倒、沖斷。那水肯定有三米深。

“must have + 過去分詞”表示對已發生事情的猜測。在英語中，must，may，can三個情態動詞可用來表示對事情的猜測。Must意為“肯定”，語氣很有把握；may意為“可能”、“也許”，語氣把握性不大。兩者常用在肯定句中。Can意為“肯定”、“也許”，常用在否定句或疑問句中。Must，may，can三者用于表示猜測時，其后面可跟三種不同的動詞形式：1）跟動詞原形表示對現在事情的猜測；

2）跟be doing表示對正在發生事情的猜測；3）跟have done表示對已經發生的事情的猜測。例如：

Helen is Lucy’s good friend.She must know Lucy’s e-mail.海倫是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的電子郵件。

We can hear loud voices in the meeting room.They must be quarrelling.我們可以聽到會議

室很吵。他們肯定在吵架。

I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago.He can’t have gone to Australia.我剛才還在大門口見

過杰夫。他不可能去了澳大利亞。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看著猴子從他手上吃花生，很有趣。

fun “好玩，趣事”，不可數名詞，前面不加不定冠詞a。

You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight.今天晚上你肯定會玩得很開心。

make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a

strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因為他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。

funny adj.“可笑的，滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿著他父親 的衣服，看上去很滑稽。

10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……

許多看過這部電影的人都不敢在海里游。

afraid 用法說明：

1）害怕人/ 物，如：be afraid of *

/ sth 2）不敢做某事，如：be afraid to do sth / of doing sth He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night.3)擔心會發生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause

He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into the

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

river.4)給人不愉快的信息或不贊同某人意見時, 用I’m afraid …, 如:

I’m afraid I’ve got bad news for you.I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.11、It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盤子里所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。

這是一個動詞不定式作主語的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主語，it是形式主語。

12、I wish you all the best.我祝你萬事如意.用wish來表示祝愿的結構是wish *

sth, 此外我們還可以用may來表示祝愿: May *

do sth如:

May you succeed.13、Where there is a river, there is a city.有河流的地方就有城市。

Where在這里引導的是地點狀語從句，相當于介詞in/ at/ to + the place + where從句9定語從句），意思是“在……地方”。例如：

Where there is smoke, there is fire.無風不起浪；事出有因。

He lives where the climate is mild.他住在氣候溫暖的地方。

14、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.圣彼得堡人民堅強不屈、充滿自豪、團結一致，他們是俄羅斯當代的英雄。

Strong, proud, and united為前置定語，在這里相當于一個非限制性定語從句：

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes

of Russia.當主語比較短時，這類短語常常放在句首。

15.Congratulations!是一句祝賀用語，在使用時要用復數形式。其他幾個通常以復數形式出現表達特定含義的名詞有：

manners（禮貌）：He is a little boy with good manners.這個小男孩很有禮貌。

regards(問候)：Please send my regards to your parents.請代我問候你父母。

16.Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.沒四年，世界各地的運動員們都要參加奧運會。

“every + 基數詞 + 時間/ 距離單位”詞表示“每多少時間/ 距離”。如：

every five days（每五天）, every three hours（每三小時）, every ten metres（每十公尺）

類似表達形式還有：every fifth day, every third hour

“每隔一天”的表達形式有：every second day, every two days, every other day.17、Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and

to send e-mail or surf the Internet.現代的手機不僅僅是電話機—它們也當坐照相機和收音機使用，還可以發送電子郵件和上網。

use A as B 把A用作B。例如：

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代，人們把石頭用作耕作的

工具。

use sth to do sth用某物來做某事。例如：

In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.在古代，人們用石頭來捕殺動物獲取食物。

18、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no

matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是：無論我們在何處或正在做什么，我們都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持聯系。

1)seem 似乎，好像，其用法及搭配有：

seem + adj., 如：

This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.這個問題看似復雜，其實很簡單。

seem to do I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪兒見過他。

It seems that…，It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。

It seems as if…，It seems as if it’s going to rain.看來快要下雨了。

2)no matter無論，不管，后面常跟疑問詞引導的從句，其意相當于疑問

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

詞后加ever。如 no matter what=whatever;no matter where=wherever;no matter how=however;no matter when=whenever例如：

No matter when(Whenever)I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat.不管我什么時候遇見他，他總是戴著那頂舊禮帽。

No matter how(However)expensive the cellphone is, I’ll buy it because I need one badly.無論這手機有多貴，我都要買。因為我急需有個手機。

重點語法

重點語法：

直接引語和間接引語

1.直接引語在改為間接引語時，時態需要做相應的調整。

eg: “I broke your CD player.”(一般過去時改成過去完成時)He told me he had broken my CD player.Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”

(現在完成時改成過去完成時)Jenny said she had lost a book.Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”

(一般將來時改成過去將來時)

Mum said she would go to see a friend.過去完成時保留原有的時態

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”

He said they hadn’t finished their homework.注意 直接引語是客觀真理，過去進行時，時態不變。

2． 在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語時第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化。如：

Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”

Mary said her brother was and engineer.3． 直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句。如：

He said, “Can you run, Mike?”

He asked Mike whether/if he could run.4.直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為“tell(ask, order, beg等)*

(not)to do sth.”句型。如：

“Pass me the water, please.”said he.He asked him to pass her the water.5.直接引語如果是以“Let’s”開頭的祈使句，變為間接引語時，通常用“suggest+動名詞或從句”的結構。如：

She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”

She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.現在進行時表將來的動作

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

現在進行時表將來的動作，謂語通常為瞬間動詞。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。這些動詞的進行時后不能再接具體的時間。

（1）用現在進行時表示將來，指的是近期的，按計劃或安排要發生的動作。

（2）現在進行時表示將來與表示正在進行的動作的區別在于：前者通常用瞬間動詞（有時一些常用動詞也可以這樣用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持續性動詞。

He is reading a novel.他在看小說。

The train is arriving soon.火車就要進站了。

（3）用現在進行時表示將來的時間，在句中或上下文中通常有表示將來時間的狀語。

（4）現在進行時與一般現在時表示將來動作的區別在于：前者表示的將來的動作往往是可以改變的，而后者則是根據規定或時間表預計要發生的動作或事情，因此往往是不可改變或不可隨便改變的。

What are you doing next Friday?

下星期五你們打算干什么？

The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飛機今晚七點半起飛。

用現在進行時表示將來

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

意為：“意圖”、“打算”、“安排”、常用于人。常用詞為 come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。

I'm leaving tomorrow.Are you staying here till next week?

比較過去時與現在完成時

1）過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。

2）過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。

一般過去時的時間狀語:

yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語

共同的時間狀語:

this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately

現在完成時的時間狀語

for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always，不確定的時間狀語

3）現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

舉例：

I saw this film yesterday.（強調看的動作發生過了。）

I have seen this film.（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）

Why did you get up so early?

（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）

Who hasn't handed in his paper?

（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）

She has returned from Paris.她已從巴黎回來了。

She returned yesterday.她是昨天回來了。

He has been in the League for three years.(在團內的狀態可延續)

He has been a League member for three years.(是團員的狀態可持續)

He joined the League three years ago.(三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

I have finished my homework now.---Will somebody go and get Dr.White?

---He's already been sent for.句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。

（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.since的四種用法

1)since +過去一個時間點(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、1980, last month, half past six)。

I have been here since 1989.2)since +一段時間+ ago I have been here since five months ago.3)since +從句

Great changes have taken place since you left.Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.4)It is +一段時間+ since從句

It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.延續動詞與瞬間動詞

1)用于完成時的區別

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

延續動詞表示經驗、經歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結 果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。

He has completed the work.他已完成了那項工作。(表結果)

I've known him since then.我從那時起就認識他了。(表經歷)

2)用于till / until從句的差異

延續動詞用于肯定句，表示“做……直到……” 瞬間動詞用于否定句，表示“到……，才……”

He didn't come back until ten o'clock.他到10 點才回來。

He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到10點。

典型例題

1.You don't need to describe her.I ___ her several times.A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet

答案B.首先本題后句強調對現在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發生的動作，因此用現在完成時。

2.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.---Oh, not at all.I ___ here only a few minutes.A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be

答案A.等待的動作由過去開始，持續到現在，應用現在完成時。

用一般過去時代替完成時

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

1)兩個動作如按順序發生，又不強調先后，或用then，and，but 等連詞時，多用一般過去時。

When she saw the mouse，she screamed.My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.)兩個動作相繼發生，可用一般過去時；如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。

When I heard the news, I was very excited.3)敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.不用進行時的動詞

1)事實狀態的動詞

have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue

I have two brothers.This house belongs to my sister.2)心理狀態的動詞

Know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate

I need your help.He loves her very much.)瞬間動詞

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.I accept your advice.4)系動詞

seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn You seem a little tired.虛擬語氣

1）概念

虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀愿望或假想，所說的是一個條件，不一定是事實，或與事實相反。

2）在條件句中的應用

條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實條件句，一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語氣。

真實條件句

真實條件句用于陳述語氣，假設的情況可能發生，其中 if 是如果的意思。

時態關系

句型： 條件從句 主句

一般現在時 shall/will + 動詞原形

If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例題

The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is rained 答案B。真實條件句主句為將來時，從句用一般現在時。

注意：

1）在真實條件句中，主句不能用be going to表示將來，該用shall, will.(錯)If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(對)If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理時，主句謂語動詞便不用shall(will)+動詞原形，而直接用一般現在時的動詞形式。

非真實條件句

1）時態：可以表示過去，現在和將來的情況。它的基本特點是時態退后。

a.同現在事實相反的假設。

句型 ： 條件從句 主句

一般過去時 should(would)+動詞原形

If they were here, they would help you.b.表示于過去事實相反的假設。

句型： 條件從句 主句

過去完成時 should(would)have+ 過去分詞

If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.含義：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.含義： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.c.表示對將來的假想

句型： 條件從句 主句

一般過去時 should+ 動詞原形

were+ 不定式 would + 動詞原形

should+ 動詞原形

If you succeeded, everything would be all right.If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.混合條件句

主句與從句的動作發生在不同的時間，這時主，從句謂語動詞的虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同，這叫做混合條件句。

If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.（從句與過去事實相反，主句與現在事實相反。）

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

If it had rained last night(過去), it would be very cold today(現在).虛擬條件句的倒裝

虛擬條件句的從句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可將if省略，再把were, should或had 移到從句句首，實行倒裝。

Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help us.Had you come earlier, you would have met him

=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Should it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.注意：

在虛擬語氣的從句中，動詞'be'的過去時態一律用“were”，不用was，在從句中be用were代替。

If I were you, I would go to look for him.如果我是你，就會去找他。

If he were here, everything would be all right.如果他在這兒，一切都會好的。

典型例題

_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A.If were I B.I were C.Were I D.Was I

即

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

答案C.在虛擬條件狀語中如果有were, should, had這三個詞，通常將if省略，主語提前, 變成 were, should, had +主語的形式。但要注意，在虛擬條件狀語從句中，省略連詞的倒裝形式的句首不能用動詞的縮略形式。如我們可說 Were I not to do., 而不能說 Weren't I to do.特殊的虛擬語氣詞：should

1）It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…結構中的主語從句的謂語動詞要用should 加動詞原形，should 可省略。

句型：

(1)suggested

It is(2)important that…+(should)do

(3)a pity

(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； +(should)do

(2)important, necessary, natural, strange a pity, a shame, no wonder(3)It is suggested that we(should)hold a meeting next week.It is necessary that he(should)come to our meeting tomorrow.2）在賓語從句中的應用

在表示命令、建議、要求等一類動詞后面的從句中。

order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +(should)do

I suggest that we(should)hold a meeting next week.31

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

He insisted that he(should)be sent there.注意： 如suggest, insist不表示“建議” 或“堅持要某人做某事時”，即它們用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“堅持認為”時，賓語從句用陳述語氣。

The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.判斷改錯:

（錯）You pale face suggests that you(should)be ill.(對)Your pale face suggests that you are ill.(錯)I insisted that you(should)be wrong.(對)I insisted that you were wrong.3）在表語從句，同位語從句中的應用

在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should）+動詞原形。

My idea is that we(should)get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we(should)hold a meeting next week.比較if only與only if

only if表示“只有”；if only則表示“如果……就好了”。If only也可用于陳述語氣。

I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.只有鬧鐘響了，我才會醒。

If only the alarm clock had rung.當時鬧鐘響了，就好了。

If only he comes early.但愿他早點回來。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）

2)Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。

Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

3）which, that

它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）

The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語）

關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

1）when, where, why

關系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于“介詞+ which”結構，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結構交替使用，例如：

There are occasions when(on which)one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。

Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？

2）that代替關系副詞

that可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介詞+ which”引導的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略，例如：

His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place(that / where / in which)he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。

方法一：用關系代詞，還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.判斷改錯（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。）

（錯）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對）This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.34

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

（對）I'll never forget the days(which)I spent in the countryside.習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞 where, when聯系在一起。此兩題錯在關系詞的誤用上。

方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。

例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A.where B.that C.on which D.the one

例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.A.where B.that C.on which D.the one

答案：例1 D，例2 A

例1變為肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2變為肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關系代詞，所以應選D。

而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。

關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應選擇關系副詞(where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語)。

限制性和非限制性定語從句

1)定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺 的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開，例如：

This is the house which we bought last month.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）

2)當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的，例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.這本小說很動人，我已經讀了三遍。

3)非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數，例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液態水變為蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。

說明：關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。

由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.36

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

典型例題

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it B.that C.which D.he

答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it

答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which C.as D.it

答案B.as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：

(1）as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。

(2）as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which.。

在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項應為B。

As 的用法

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

例1.the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結構, 和……一樣……。

I have got into the same trouble as he(has).例2.as可引導非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是關系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。

基礎知識

1.單詞和詞組

have sports shooting horse-riding in modern times take part in gold hand in sailing exciting compete unusual prize

wrestling

Olympic Games athlete AD BC Greece

competitor competition Barcelona motto

swift medal Carl Lewis

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

Ball 2.日常交際用語：

Which do you prefer....or...? I prefer...to...3.語法：

學習由who/that/which(介詞+which)/whom(介詞+whom)引導的定語從句。

知識點精析與應用

1.單詞和詞組

(1)compete:v.—take part in a race,contest,examination,etc.(參加賽跑、比賽、考試等)競爭、比賽

e.g.①Some of the games in which the young men competed are running, jumping and wrestling.（青年男子參加的競賽項目有賽跑、跳高和摔跤。）

②The two football teams are competing for the European Championship.（這兩個足球隊正爭奪歐洲冠軍。）

③The two girls competed with each other for the highest mark.（這兩個女孩為取得最高分互相競爭。）

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

(2)prize:n—sth.(to be)awarded to one who succeeds in a competition;

sth.struggled for;worth struggling for;

獎品、獎金（比喻）奮斗爭取的東西或值得奮斗爭取的東西

e.g.①To hold the Olympic Games is a rich prize for a country.（承辦一次奧林匹克運動會，對一個國家來說就是一份豐厚的獎品。）

②My sister won first prize for her singing.（我姐姐贏得唱歌一等獎。）

③In 1921 Albert Einstein won the Nobel Prize for physics.（在1921年，阿爾伯特＊愛因斯坦獲諾貝爾物理獎。）

note: prize與reward區別

1)prize作名詞用意為獎，因比賽或因某事受到贊揚而給予的獎勵。

2)reward因為工作或服務受到的報答，或協助警方尋找或歸還失物被給與的酬金。

e.g.A large reward is offered for the return of the ring.（找到戒指可得一大筆酬金。）

(3)in modern times—“times”means period of time,more or less definite.(often pl.)時代，時期(常復數)。此短語意為“在現代”

e.g.The first Olympic Games in modern times happened in 1896.（現代首屆奧林匹克運動會1896年舉行。）

other example: in ancient times在古代

(4)take part in:have a share(in)

e.g.①Women were not allowed to take part in the games.婦女不允許

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

參加這些項目。

②Are you going to take part in the discussion?你準備參加討論嗎?

notes:1)take part in作“參與，參加”講。part前無形容詞時則不加冠詞。若有，則需要加冠詞a(an)。

e.g.①All of us took part in the sports meet last year.去年我們大家都參加運動會了。

②He takes an active part in many school activities.（他積極參加學校的許多活動。）

2)take part in,join及attend區別，漢語都可譯成“參加”，但意思不同。

①join是指以平等地位“加入”到某一組織團體或人群中，并成為其中一員。

join sb.sth.—become a member of…

e.g.She joined the Young Pioneers.（她加入了少先隊。）

②take part in是指參加到某一活動中去(如群眾性活動、會議等)。

e.g.We should take part in the political activities.（我們應該參加政治活動。）

③attend是指參加、出席會議、聚會、講座等。

e.g.attend a meeting,attend the concert,attend the lecture

參加會議也可說take part in the meeting

3)join in又可等于take part in

e.g.Will you join in the discussion?（你愿意參加討論會嗎?）

2.知識點測試

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

()(1)“Do you know what was wrong with her?”“_______tell you.”

A.I‘d not rather

B.I wouldn’t rather

C.I‘d rather not to D.I’d rather not()(2)Is this factory _______you visited last Saturday?

A.the one B.that C.where D.in which

()(3)We don‘t have physics on Tuesday,Thursday and Saturday.We have it _______.A.every other day

B.every three days

C.every day

D.every other days

()(4)_______number of books in our library is going up.A.Large B.The C.A D.A large()(5)It’s spring now and the weather is getting _______.A.warmer and warmer

B.warmest and warmest

C.warmer and warm

D.the warmer and warmer()(6)While we were walking along the river,we heard someone_______for help.A.shouting B.shout C.shouted D.having shouted

()(7)That day Tom hit Bob_______head.A.in the B.on the C.in Bob‘s D.on his

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

()(8)Mary’s been done a great wrong,_______her brother.A.so does B.also did C.so has D.so is()(9)Has all_______can be done_______?

A.what,done B.that,been done C.which,be done D.what,be done()(10)They decided_______their strike.A.to continue B.to go on C.to go with D.going on

()(11)He________the work of the Trade Union.A.joined B.takes a part in C.took an active part in D.joined to

()(12)He paid much money________the bank every month.A.to B.for C.in D.by

()(14)I ________50 yuan________this coat.A.cost,on B.spent,on C.spent,of D.paid,on

()(15)They________to carry out the______which had been made ten days before.A.decide,decision

B.decided,decision

C.decided,decisive

D.decided,decided

()(16)I shall________to help you in every way.A.do the best B.try the best C.do my best D.try a best

()(17)She didn‘t understand________.A.times of spirits

B.the time

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

C.the spirits of the time

D.the spirit of times()(18)He talled about New York ________he________there.A.as although,were

B.as though,had been

C.even though,were

D.even as,had been()(19)Praise makes good men________and________men worse.A.better,bad B.well,bad C.better,badly D.the best,the worst

()(20)They prefered________with them.A.she to go B.her not to go C.her going D.she not going

3.語法

(The Attribution clause)定語從句(Ⅱ)關系代語的用法。

關系代詞whom,which在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時,可以跟介詞一起放在主句和從句之間為了使關系代詞緊跟它所修飾的先行詞，也可以把介詞放在從句中相關動詞的后面。

e.g.①This is the room in which we lived last year.（=This is the room which we lived in last year.）

②Who’s the comrade whom you just shooked hands with?（=Who‘s the comrade with whom you just shook hands?）

note:(1)含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在動詞的后面。

e.g.Is this the book which she was looking for?

(2)關系代詞that在定詞從句中作介詞的賓語時，介詞不能放在它的前面，只能放在從句中相關動詞的后面。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

e.g.①The man that you were talking about has come to our school.②The room that she lives in is a large one.(3)當介詞位于從句中相關動詞的后面時，關系代詞that,whom,which在口語中和非正式文體中經常省略。

e.g.This is the room we lived in last year.4.定語從句練習。

()(1)Can you lend me the novel________the other day?

A.that you talked

B.you talked about it

C.which you talked with

D.you talked about

()(2)Please pass me the dictionary________cover is black.A.which B.which of C.its D.whose

()(3)The doctor ________stepped in.A.Della was waiting for him

B.whom Della was waiting

C.Della was waiting for

D.who Della was waiting

()(4)The two things___Marx was not sure were grammar and some of the idioms.A.about which

B.which

C.with which D.on which

()(5)In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person__she could turn for help.A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom

()(6)The room________there is a machine is work-shop(車間)。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

A.in which B.that C.which D.in that()(7)This is the person________you are looking________.A.which,for B.for,whom C./,for D.for,which()(8)All________has to be done is to practise every day.A.who B.that C.which D.what

()(9)The first lesson________I learned will never be forgotten.A.that B.about that C.which D.what

()(10)I was the only one of the people in my office________invited.A.which was B.who were C.that were D.that was

答案

(1)-(5)DAABA(16)-(20)CDBAB

高一英語復習

一）、基本句型

(6)-(10)ABCBA

(11)-(15)CCCBB

1: S + V---主語是動作的發出者

2：S+V+O---賓語謂語發現問題的承受者

3：S+V+C-表語是對主語的補充說明

4：S+V+O+C-賓補是對賓語的補充說明

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

5：S+V+O+O-謂語動作有直接和間接（即人和物）兩個賓語。

例句：

Mr.Green died(in the afternoon).I love you(very much).He became a lawyer(at last).I want you to study English harder(in high school).Lucy gave me a present(last year in the street).句子的基本特征：主

謂(動詞)

上述五種基本句型都可加上狀語：時間狀語、地點狀語、方式狀語、原因狀語、條件狀語、伴隨狀語、目的狀語、結果狀語等、程度狀語。

二）、主語的歸納

1、位于謂語動詞的前面

2、由名詞（n）、名詞詞組、代詞的主格或相當于名詞的短語和句子充當。

名詞：可數名詞（1）單數：名詞的原形

（2）復數：規則變化和不規則變化

名詞詞組：以名詞為中心的詞組，帶有前置修飾語或后置修飾語

Eg.a big river;a map of China;a beautiful bird in the tree

三）、謂語（由動詞來充當）

1.情態動詞不可單獨作謂語，助動詞也不可單獨作謂語

2.非謂語形式不可作謂語（不定式：to+動原；動詞的-ing形式；過去分詞）

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

3.謂語有時態和數的變化

時態： 一、一般現在時：謂語用動詞的第三人稱單數（-s，-es）或動詞原形

表示經常發生的動作（習慣性的動作）或存在的狀態（能力、特征、性質、職務、身份、籍貫等）。常與always, usually, often ,sometimes ,every day等時間狀語連用。如：

It often rains here.We are in Grade One.表示永恒的真理。

The sun rises in the east.When is the moon round?

表示按預告計劃或安排的發生的動作。主要用于come , go, leave, start, begin, return等瞬間動詞。句中常用表示將來 的時間狀語。

School begins in September.在時間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中表示將來的動作。

Even if it rains, I will go tomorrow.二、一般過去時：謂語動詞用過去式，即-ed或不規則變化

表示在過去某一時間內發生的動作或存在的狀態。與過去時連用的時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, in 1980, in the old days, the other day, just now.等。如

I called on my teacher last week.48

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

表示服從過去接連發生的一系列動作。

The boy opened his eyes for a moment , looked at his father, and then died.在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中表示過去將來發生的動作。

He said he wouldn’t go with us if it rained.表示從過去某一時間考慮，已經預告計劃或安排的發生的動作。

He told us that school started on the following morning.表示過去經常或反復發生的動作。

Mary always got up too late and never had enough time for breakfast.三、一般將來時：（will +動原）

表示將要發生的動作或存在的狀態。常與將來時連用的霎時間狀語有tomorrow, next time, in three days等。如

I’ll go and see her on Friday.表示將來經常發生的動作動作

Some birds will fly away to the south when the weather turns cold.注意：其他一些表示將來時的方式。

①“be going to+動原”常用來表示已決定或安排要做的事，于表示必然或很可能發生的事。

It’s going to rain.此用法與瞬間動詞進行時表示將來時的用法可交替使用，意義相同。

中國首家中小學在線學習會員制服務平臺

I am going to meet him at six.= I am meeting him at six.②“be to +動原”表示約定的、計劃中的或按職責、義務要示即將發生的動作，還可表示注定要發生的動作。

The sports meeting is to take place on Sunday.③“be about to+動原”,表示“即將…；將要…”。

The film is about to begin.用be about to 時，不可再加時間副詞。

④某些瞬間動詞的一般現在時和現在進行時都 可表示預定的或即將要發生的動作。

The train is arriving.四、過去將來時：（would +動原）

表示從過去某一時間來看將要發生的動作或將要存在的狀態。

He said he would help me.注意：表示過去將來時的一些其他方式與一般將來時一樣，只是有關動詞要用過去時形式。

五、現在進行時：（am/is/are +動詞的ing形式）

表示說話時正在進行的動作，如

What are you doing there?

表示現階段正在進行的動作的動作，但不一定說話時正在進行。

The population of the earth is increasing very fast.在時間、條件狀語從句中代替將來進行時：