第一篇:brocade DCX 幾種微碼升級方法總結(jié)
BROCADE DCX 微碼升級
注意事項(xiàng):
1、在微碼升級之前,務(wù)必先備份好當(dāng)前的配置信息;
2、盡管Brocade交換機(jī)支持在線進(jìn)行微碼升級,但是,如果有條件停機(jī)的話,建議離線進(jìn)行升級。(在實(shí)際升級的時(shí)候,發(fā)現(xiàn)升級切換CP的時(shí)候,全部端口會閃亮一次黃燈,端口狀態(tài)在log中會發(fā)現(xiàn)有斷開的記錄;之后用光纖線連接交換機(jī)跟存儲,再進(jìn)行升級操作和手動切換CP板進(jìn)行測試,在log中發(fā)現(xiàn)連接有光纖線的端口在此過程中沒有斷開的記錄。)
一 U盤升級
DCX隨機(jī)器附帶的U盤是升級微碼最快最方便的模式,將需要升級的微碼版本下載解壓縮到U盤根目錄下的firmware目錄內(nèi),插到active CP板上。(經(jīng)過測試,只有brocade附送的U盤可以被交換機(jī)正確識別加載,該U盤芯片型號為:STEC 2.0 USB)
命令行模式
如果用命令行模式,登錄之后使用命令usbstorage-e 激活U盤;
具體升級過程
激活之后,使用命令firmwaredownload-U來從U盤進(jìn)行微碼升級
使用firmwareshow確認(rèn)升級狀態(tài),直到各CP板都升級完成之后,usbstorage-d刪除U盤,完成升級。
圖形界面WEB TOOL升級方法
使用IE瀏覽器登錄交換機(jī)GUI
進(jìn)入switch admin界面
選擇firmware download
進(jìn)入微碼升級界面
選擇mount usb device加載U盤
加載firmware完成,右擊相應(yīng)firmware選擇copy開始升級。完成之后重新登錄進(jìn)行確認(rèn)。
二 使用命令行以及傳統(tǒng)FTP模式升級
準(zhǔn)備工作
將相應(yīng)微碼文件解壓縮放入筆記本ftp server的根目錄中備用。使用hub、交換機(jī)將2個(gè)CP板網(wǎng)口都與筆記本連接。
具體升級過程
登錄交換機(jī)
swd77 login: admin Password:
檢查當(dāng)前firmware版本
swd77:admin> version Kernel: 2.6.14.2 Fabric OS: v6.4.2b Made on: Tue Sep 20 17:45:13 2011 Flash: Thu Jun 7 09:11:14 2012 BootProm: 1.0.15 備份交換機(jī)的配置信息
swd77:admin> configupload //backup the switch configuration Protocol(scp or ftp)[ftp]: ftp Server Name or IP Address [host]: 202.134.79.36 //ftp server ip-address User Name [user]: admin //ftp server user name File Name [config.txt]: config.txt // specify configuration file name Password: //ftp server user password Upload complete
開始下載并升級firmware
swd77:admin> firmwaredownload //download new version firmware You can run firmwareDownloadStatus to get the status of this command.This command will cause the switch to reset and will require that existing telnet, secure telnet or SSH sessions be restarted.Do you want to continue [Y]: y
Server Name or IP Address: 202.134.79.36 //ftp server ip-address User Name: admin //ftp server user name
File Name: /v6.4.2b/release.plist // file “release.plist” location Password: //ftp server user password Firmwaredownload has started.Start to install packages......dir
# ldconfig
# glibc
# bash
# readline
# terminfo
# termcap
# setup
# swbd12-setup
# which
# findutils
# bzip
# zlib
# chkconfig
# fileutils
# sed
# textutils
# procps
# psmisc
# modutils
# sin
# rcinit
# misc
# pam
# util-linux
# sh-utils
# popt
# grep
# rpm
# sysvinit
# man
# less
# gzip
# tar
# rsync
# cpio
# dev
# swbd23-bootenv
# wdtd
# wget
# fwdl
# swbd23-prom
# Please avoid powering off the system during prom update.kernel
# swbd21-drivers
# pcmcia-cs
# sysklogd
# getty
# net-tools
# vixie-cron
# uucp
# bcm
# binutils-libs
# binutils
# ksymoops
# portmap
# inetd
# iptables
# tcpd
# telnet-server
# rsh-server
# rsh
# openssl-libs
# openssh
# openssh-server
# rusers-server
# rdate
# logrotate
# ntp
# pciutils
# strace
# ftp
# ncftp
# sendmail
# iproute2
# libxml2
# fabos-fss
# fabos-setup
# fabos-drivers
# fabos-libs
# fabos-diag
# fabos-man
# fabos
# fabos-zoning
# fabos-fw
# fabos-hmon
# fabos-wwnhs
# fabos-swbd32
# mmlib
# apache
# fastcgi
# fabos-webtools
# tz
# mtracer-tool
# lkcd
# sysstat
# Write kernel image into flash...............................Verification SUCCEEDED Removing unneeded files, please wait...Finished removing unneeded files.All packages have been downloaded successfully.Firmwaredownload has completed successfully.HA Rebooting...// waiting for upgrade another controller Fabric OS(swd77)swd77 login: admin Password:
檢查升級后的版本狀態(tài)
Slot Name Appl Primary/Secondary Versions Status------------6 CP0 FOS v6.4.2b ACTIVE * v6.4.2b 7 CP1 FOS v6.4.1b STANDBY unknown
大概經(jīng)過10分鐘以后,另外一個(gè)CP的firmware也升級到了目標(biāo)版本
Slot Name Appl Primary/Secondary Versions Status------------6 CP0 FOS v6.4.2b ACTIVE * v6.4.2b 7 CP1 FOS v6.4.2b STANDBY v6.4.2b 完成升級
三 手動單獨(dú)對CP板輪流升級
在沒有U盤,也沒有HUB交換機(jī)同時(shí)連接筆記本時(shí),可以在firmwaredownload命令后面加參數(shù)-s單獨(dú)對鏈接的CP板進(jìn)行升級微碼操作;注意需要先升級standby的CP板。待完成之后,手動切換到另一塊CP再進(jìn)行升級。
具體升級過程
升級stanby CP 準(zhǔn)備工作跟傳統(tǒng)FTP模式相同。首先連接登錄stanby CP板,備份配置之后,輸入firmwaredownload-s命令,當(dāng)提示如下字符時(shí)輸入相應(yīng)選項(xiàng):
Answer Y to perform a full install.Answer N to autocommit Answer N to reboot system.這樣firmware只會下載到stanby CP。
完成之后,使用firmwareshow來確定兩個(gè)區(qū)都升級到新微碼。
Slot Name Appl Primary/Secondary Versions Status------------6 CP0 FOS v6.4.2b ACTIVE * v6.4.2b 7 CP1 FOS v6.4.2b STANDBY v6.4.2b 重啟CP,輸入reboot 命令。
手動切換Active CP 連接到active CP,使用hashow命令查看HA狀態(tài),直到確認(rèn)之前升級中的CP板狀態(tài)同步正常,再firmwareshow查看微碼升級是否正確完畢。最后使用hafailove切換CP板 swd77:admin> hashow Local CP(Slot 6, CP0): Active, Warm Recovered Remote CP(Slot 7, CP1): Standby, Healthy HA enabled, Heartbeat Up, HA State synchronized
驗(yàn)證切換
使用hashow確認(rèn)切換正常 swd77:admin> hashow Local CP(Slot 7, CP1): Active, Warm Recovered Remote CP(Slot 6, CP0): Standby, Healthy HA enabled, Heartbeat Up, HA State synchronized
連接到切換之后的stanby CP 確認(rèn)同步狀態(tài)之后,使用firmwaredownload-s升級微碼;如有如下提示,鍵入相應(yīng)選項(xiàng): Enter Y to perform a full install.Enter N to autocommit.Enter N to reboot the system.確認(rèn)升級完成之后reboot。
升級各CP板的另一個(gè)區(qū)
等待5分鐘左右確保微碼升級完成;首先連接stand CP,firmwareshow可以看到另一個(gè)分區(qū)還是舊的微碼版本,使用firmwarecommit升級到新微碼版本,最后使用firmwareshow檢查;鏈接到active CP 進(jìn)行相同操作。完成升級
第二篇:路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)
IOS升級方法一
在對能夠正常啟動的CISCO路由器的IOS進(jìn)行升級時(shí),比較簡單。具體步驟如下:
1、尋找一種TFTP服務(wù)器軟件(有CISCO公司的TFTPServer或3COM公司的3Cserver等,在升級較大IOS映象文件時(shí),建議用3Cserver),安裝在一臺計(jì)算機(jī)上,將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中(例:D:),并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄(如D:)。假設(shè)該計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址為10.32.10.1;
2、連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1,使用PC的超級終端軟件訪問路由器,將路由器的地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32(與計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址同網(wǎng)段即可)。建議在進(jìn)行IOS升級前將原有IOS文件備份下來,防止待升級的IOS文件存在問題不可用;
QUOTE: Router# dir flash:(查看目前IOS映象文件名,也可用Router#Show version)
Directory of flash:/
1-rw-5998292 C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN
8388608 bytes total(2390252 bytes free)
Router#copy flash tftp(備份IOS文件)
Source filename []?c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin
Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服務(wù)器地址)Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
5998292 bytes copied in 324.071 secs(18509 bytes/sec)
Router#
3、對路由器進(jìn)行IOS升級;
QUOTE: Router#copy tftp flash
Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服務(wù)器地址)
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin(需升級的新IOS映象文件名)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
Do you want to over write? [confirm]
Accessing tftp://10.32.10.1/c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin...Erase flash: before copying? [confirm]
Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue? [confirm]
Erasing device...eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee...erasedee
Erase of flash: complete
Loading c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin from 10.32.10.1(via Ethernet0/0):!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OKRestricted
Rights clause at FAR sec.52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c)(1)(ii)of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec.252.227-7013.cisco Systems, Inc.170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M), Version 12.2(11)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
TAC Support: http://www.tmdps.cn/tac
Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong
Image text-base: 0x8000809C, data-base: 0x80A68B48
cisco 2610(MPC860)processor(revision 0x203)with 22528K/2048K bytes of memory
Processor board ID JAD03483395(1128032249)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
Serial(sync/async)network interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.8192K bytes of processor board System flash(Read/Write)
Press RETURN to get started!
*Mar 1 00:00:05.652: %PA-2-UNDEFPA: Undefined Port Adaptor type 100 in bay 1
*Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:00:09.458: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from memory by console
*Mar 1 00:00:11.245: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to administratively down
*Mar 1 00:00:12.275: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted--Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M), Version 12.2(11)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
TAC Support: http://www.tmdps.cn/tac
Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong
*Mar 1 00:00:12.279: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host NE16 is undergoing a cold start
Router> 采用這種方法時(shí),由于使用console口來傳送,速率為9600bps,需要時(shí)間較長。因此可修改console口速率利用xmodem命令實(shí)現(xiàn)快速升級IOS。具體方法如下:
QUOTE: rommon 1 > confreg 回車
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails
console baud: 9600
boot: image specified by the boot system commands
or default to: cisco2-C2600
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “use net in IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
disable “l(fā)oad rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
enter rate: 0 = 9600, 1 = 4800, 2 = 1200, 3 = 2400
= 19200, 5 = 38400, 6 = 57600, 7 = 115200 [0]: 7(選擇 7,用最大的11520
速率的xmodem傳輸)
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails
console baud: 115200
boot: image specified by the boot system commands
or default to: cisco2-C2600
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect
rommon 2 > reset 回車
注意:在按reset鍵前,需要修改串口速度(我的電腦---端口屬性----串口速度調(diào)為115200),然后再修改超級終端里設(shè)置速率為115200,記住,一定要這么做,否則會出現(xiàn)亂碼!然后關(guān)閉這個(gè)超級終端,重新建立一個(gè)超級終端連接,重新啟動系統(tǒng)后,出現(xiàn) QUOTE: rommon 1> 提示符
然后,輸入
QUOTE: rommon 1> xmodem-r
Do not start the sending program yet...Invoke this application only for disaster recovery.Do you wish to continue? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
Ready to receive file...此時(shí),在超級終端的菜單上的“傳送”---“發(fā)送文件”----選擇IOS映像文件所在地以及選擇使用“xmodem”協(xié)議,點(diǎn)擊“發(fā)送”即可。等待10-20分鐘左右就可升級完3-6M的IOS文件!待升級完成后,請記住修改回計(jì)算機(jī)串口與超級終端、路由器confreg下的xmodem等傳輸速率為9600bps。
方法如下:
QUOTE: Router>en 進(jìn)入新IOS的特權(quán)模式
Router#reload 重啟系統(tǒng)
Proceed with reload? [confirm] 回車
00:01:04: %SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested
System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
Copyright(c)1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.TAC:Home:SW:IOS:Specials for info
PC = 0xfff0a530, Vector = 0x500, SP = 0x680127b0
C2600 platform with 24576 Kbytes of main memory
PC = 0xfff0a530, Vector = 0x500, SP = 0x80004684
monitor: command “boot” aborted due to user interrupt 30秒內(nèi)按ctrl+break鍵
rommon 1 > confreg(輸入“confreg”命令)
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails
console baud: 115200
boot: image specified by the boot system commands
or default to: cisco2-C2600
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “use nn IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
disable “l(fā)oad rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
enter rate: 0 = 9600, 1 = 4800, 2 = 1200, 3 = 2400
= 19200, 5 = 38400, 6 = 57600, 7 = 115200 [7]: 0(選擇 0,改回用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)速率速率9600的xmodem傳輸)
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails
console baud: 9600
boot: image specified by the boot system commands
or default to: cisco2-C2600
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect
rommon 2 > 此時(shí)手工改回計(jì)算機(jī)串口與超級終端2者傳輸速率為9600
然后敲入
QUOTE: rommon 2 >reset 最好關(guān)掉電源后,重新啟動。利用xmodem命令實(shí)現(xiàn)路由器IOS升級速度較慢,往往等上很長時(shí)間,為了快速升級,可以采用下列方法。
二)通過tftpdnld命令升級IOS,具體步驟如下:
1、用Cisco原配的線纜連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1,使用PC機(jī)的超級終端軟件訪問路由器;用一根雙絞線連接路由器的eth0/0口與PC機(jī)的網(wǎng)卡。
2、將路由器的eth0/0口IP地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32;PC機(jī)的IP地址設(shè)為10.32.10.1。將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中,并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄。
3、通過set 命令查看配置參數(shù)
QUOTE: rommon 2 > set
PS1=rommon!>
BOOT=
BSI=0
RET_2_RTS=
?=0
4、在 rommon 狀態(tài)下輸入:(注意大小寫)QUOTE: rommon 3 >IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1(路由器的ip地址)
rommon 4 >IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0(路由器的掩碼)
rommon 5 >DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32(缺省網(wǎng)關(guān),是pc機(jī)的ip地址)
rommon 6 >TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32(是pc機(jī)的ip地址)
rommon 7 >TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN(上傳ios文件的名稱)
rommon 8>sync(保存參數(shù)配置)
rommon 9 >set(查看)
rommon 10 > set
PS1=rommon!>
BOOT=
IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1
IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0
DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32
TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32
TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN
BSI=0
RET_2_RTS=
?=0
rommon 11 >tftpdnld 執(zhí)行tftpdnld命令進(jìn)行ios升級,有時(shí)可能會報(bào)錯(cuò)或命令不執(zhí)行,這時(shí)只要用sync命令保存配置后,重新啟動路由器(最好關(guān)掉電源再開機(jī))后,再執(zhí)行tftpdnld命令就可以了。QUOTE: rommon 11 >tftpdnld(傳送文件)出現(xiàn)提示選擇y
IP_ADDRESS: 10.32.10.1
IP_SUBNET_MASK: 255.255.255.0
DEFAULT_GATEWAY: 10.32.10.32
TFTP_SERVER: 10.32.10.32
TFTP_FILE: C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN
Invoke this command for disaster recovery only.WARNING: all existing data in all partitions on flash will be lost!
Do you wish to continue? y/n: [n]: y
Receiving C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN from 10.32.10.32!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
File reception completed.Copying file C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN to flash.Erasing flash at 0x607c0000
program flash location 0x605b0000
rommon 13 >
在rommon 13 >提示符下鍵入reset,或重新啟動路由器(power-cycle),進(jìn)入正常引導(dǎo)狀態(tài),即:
Router> 筆者在Cisco2500、2600、7200等系列路由器上均實(shí)際操作過,以上為在Cisco2610路由器上實(shí)際操作捕獲或截屏,所配地址只是特例,大家可根據(jù)實(shí)際需要予以修改。最后建議:大家在作正常路由器系統(tǒng)升級時(shí),為防止不正確操作等引起的升級失敗,請先把路由器原有的系統(tǒng)備份下來。
第三篇:CISCO路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)
CISCO路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)
前不久,朋友在對一臺帶語音模快的CISCO2610進(jìn)行IOS升級時(shí),由于路由器的內(nèi)存(flash)為8M,IOS軟件為7M多,升級后路由器無法正常啟動。啟動后到rommon 1 >狀態(tài),請求幫助。由于本人長期從事計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理工作,在對CISCO路由器的長期日常維護(hù)和管理實(shí)踐中積累了一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。現(xiàn)總結(jié)歸納出CISCO路由器IOS映像升級的幾種方法,供廣大網(wǎng)絡(luò)愛好者或同仁參考。在介紹CISCO路由器IOS升級方法前,有必要對Cisco路由器的存儲器的相關(guān)知識作以簡單介紹。路由器與計(jì)算機(jī)相似,它也有內(nèi)存和操作系統(tǒng)。在Cisco路由器中,其操作系統(tǒng)叫做互連網(wǎng)操作系統(tǒng)(Internetwork Operating System),常簡稱為IOS.路由器的存儲器主要有:
ROM:只讀存儲器包含路由器正在使用的IOS的一份副本;
RAM:IOS將隨機(jī)訪問存儲器分成共享和主存。主要用來存儲運(yùn)行中的路由器配置和與路由協(xié)議有關(guān)的IOS數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu);
FLASH(閃存):用來存儲IOS軟件映像文件,閃存是可以擦除內(nèi)存,它能夠用IOS的新版本覆寫,IOS升級主要是閃存中的IOS映像文件進(jìn)行更換。
NVRAM:非易失性隨機(jī)訪問存儲器,用來存儲系統(tǒng)的配置文件。
IOS升級方法一
在對能夠正常啟動的CISCO路由器的IOS進(jìn)行升級時(shí),比較簡單。具體步驟如下:
1、尋找一種TFTP服務(wù)器軟件(有CISCO公司的TFTPServer或3COM公司的3Cserver等,在升級較大IOS映象文件時(shí),建議用3Cserver),安裝在一臺計(jì)算機(jī)上,將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中(例:D:),并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄(如D:)。假設(shè)該計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址為10.32.10.1;
2、連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1(有文檔說明),使用PC的超級終端軟件訪問路由器,將路由器的地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32(與計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址同網(wǎng)段即可)。建議在進(jìn)行IOS升級前將原有IOS文件備份下來,防止待升級的IOS文件存在問題不可用; 也可用Router#Show version)QUOTE:Router# dir flash:(查看目前IOS映象文件名,Directory of flash:/ 1-rw-5998292 C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN 8388608 bytes total(2390252 bytes free)
Router#copy flash tftp(備份IOS文件)Source filename []?c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(指定TFTP服務(wù)器地址)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
…
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
5998292 bytes copied in 324.071 secs(18509 bytes/sec)Router#
3、對路由器進(jìn)行IOS升級;
QUOTE:Router#copy tftp flash Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(指定TFTP服務(wù)器地址)
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin(需升級的新IOS映象文件名)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
Do you want to over write? [confirm]
(確認(rèn))
Accessing tftp://10.32.10.1/c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin……
Erase flash: before copying? [confirm] Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue? [confirm] Erasing device…… eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ……erasedee
Erase of flash: complete
:!!!!!!!Loading c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin from 10.32.10.1(via Ethernet0/0)!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OKRestricted Rights clause at FAR sec.52.227-19 and subparagraph(c)(1)(ii)of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec.252.227-7013.cisco Systems,Inc.170 West Tasman Drive San Jose,California 95134-1706 Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software,(11)IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M)Version 12.2T9,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
TAC Support: http://www.tmdps.cn/tac
Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems,Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong Image text-base: 0x8000809C,data-base: 0x80A68B48 cisco 2610(MPC860)processor(revision 0x203)with 22528K/2048K bytes of memory Processor board ID JAD03483395(1128032249)
M860 processor: part number 0,mask 49 Bridging software.X.25 software,Version 3.0.0.1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
Serial(sync/async)network interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.8192K bytes of processor board System flash(Read/Write)
Press RETURN to get started!
*Mar 1 00:00:05.652: %PA-2-UNDEFPA: Undefined Port Adaptor type 100 in bay 1 *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0,changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0,changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:09.458: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from memory by console *Mar 1 00:00:11.245: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1,changed state to administratively down *Mar 1 00:00:12.275: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted ——Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software,(11)IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M)Version 12.2T9,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
TAC Support: http://www.tmdps.cn/tac
Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems,Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong *Mar 1 00:00:12.279: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host NE16 is undergoing a cold start Router采用這種方法時(shí),由于使用console口來傳送,速率為9600bps,需要時(shí)間較長。因此可修改console口速率利用xmodem命令實(shí)現(xiàn)快速升級IOS.具體方法如下:
QUOTE:rommon 1 > confreg 回車
Configuration Summary enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails console baud: 9600
原始的速率9600bps boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “use net in IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
disable “l(fā)oad rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
enter rate: 0 = 9600,1 = 4800,2 = 1200,3 = 2400 4 = 19200,5 = 38400,6 = 57600,7 = 115200 [0]: 7(選擇 7,用最大的11520 速率的xmodem傳輸)
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
Configuration Summary enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails console baud: 115200 boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect rommon 2 > reset 回車注意:在按reset鍵前,需要修改串口速度(我的電腦——端口屬性——串口速度調(diào)為115200),然后再修改超級終端里設(shè)置速率為115200,記住,一定要這么做,否則會出現(xiàn)亂碼!然后關(guān)閉這個(gè)超級終端,重新建立一個(gè)超級終端連接,重新啟動系統(tǒng)后,出現(xiàn)
QUOTE:rommon 1> 提示符然后,輸入
QUOTE:rommon 1> xmodem-r
Do not start the sending program yet……
Invoke this application only for disaster recovery.Do you wish to continue? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
Ready to receive file ……
此時(shí),在超級終端的菜單上的“傳送”——“發(fā)送文件”——選擇IOS映像文件所在地以及選擇使用“xmodem”協(xié)議,點(diǎn)擊“發(fā)送”即可。等待10-20分鐘左右就可升級完3-6M的IOS文件!待升級完成后,請記住修改回計(jì)算機(jī)串口與超級終端、路由器confreg下的xmodem等傳輸速率為9600bps.方法如下:
QUOTE:Router>en 進(jìn)入新IOS的特權(quán)模式
Router#reload 重啟系統(tǒng)
Proceed with reload? [confirm] 回車
00:01:04: %SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested System Bootstrap,Version 11.3(2)XA4,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
Copyright(c)1999 by cisco Systems,Inc.TAC:Home:SW:IOS:Specials for info PC = 0xfff0a530,Vector = 0x500,SP = 0x680127b0 C2600 platform with 24576 Kbytes of main memory PC = 0xfff0a530,Vector = 0x500,SP = 0x80004684 monitor: command “boot” aborted due to user interrupt 30秒內(nèi)按ctrl+break鍵 rommon 1 > confreg(輸入“confreg”命令)
Configuration Summary enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails console baud: 115200
boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “use nn IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
disable “l(fā)oad rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)
enter rate: 0 = 9600,1 = 4800,2 = 1200,3 = 2400 4 = 19200,5 = 38400,6 = 57600,7 = 115200 [7]: 0(選擇 0,改回用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)速率速率9600的xmodem傳輸)
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)
Configuration Summary enabled are:
load rom after netboot fails console baud: 9600 boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect rommon 2 > 此時(shí)手工改回計(jì)算機(jī)串口與超級終端2者傳輸速率為9600 然后敲入:
QUOTE:rommon 2 >reset
最好關(guān)掉電源后,重新啟動。利用xmodem命令實(shí)現(xiàn)路由器IOS升級速度較慢,往往等上很長時(shí)間,為了快速升級,可以采用下列方法。
(二)通過tftpdnld命令升級IOS,具體步驟如下:
1、用Cisco原配的線纜連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1,使用PC機(jī)的超級終端軟件訪問路由器;用一根雙絞線連接路由器的eth0/0口與PC機(jī)的網(wǎng)卡。
2、將路由器的eth0/0口IP地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32;PC機(jī)的IP地址設(shè)為10.32.10.1.將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中,并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄。
3、通過set 命令查看配置參數(shù)
QUOTE:rommon 2 > set PS1=rommon!> BOOT= BSI=0 RET_2_RTS= ?=0
4、在 rommon 狀態(tài)下輸入:(注意大小寫)
QUOTE:rommon 3 >IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1(路由器的ip地址)
rommon 4 >IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0(路由器的掩碼)
rommon 5 >DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32(缺省網(wǎng)關(guān),是pc機(jī)的ip地址)rommon 6 >TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32(是pc機(jī)的ip地址)
rommon 7 >TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN(上傳ios文件的名稱)
rommon 8>sync(保存參數(shù)配置)
rommon 9 >set(查看)
PS1=rommon!> BOOT= IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1 IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0 DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32 TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32 TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN BSI=0 RET_2_RTS= ?=0 rommon 10 >tftpdnld執(zhí)行tftpdnld命令進(jìn)行ios升級,有時(shí)可能會報(bào)錯(cuò)或命令不執(zhí)行,這時(shí)只要用sync命令保存配置后,重新啟動路由器(最好關(guān)掉電源再開機(jī))后,再執(zhí)行tftpdnld命令就可以了。
QUOTE:rommon 10 >tftpdnld(傳送文件)出現(xiàn)提示選擇y IP_ADDRESS: 10.32.10.1 IP_SUBNET_MASK: 255.255.255.0 DEFAULT_GATEWAY: 10.32.10.32 TFTP_SERVER: 10.32.10.32 TFTP_FILE: C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN Invoke this command for disaster recovery only.WARNING: all existing data in all partitions on flash will be lost!Do you wish to continue? y/n: [n]:
y
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Receiving C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN from 10.32.10.32!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
…
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
File reception completed.Copying file C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN to flash.Erasing flash at 0x607c0000 program flash location 0x605b0000 rommon 11> 在rommon 11>提示符下鍵入reset,或重新啟動路由器(power-cycle),進(jìn)入正常引導(dǎo)狀態(tài),即:
rommon 11 >reset 筆者在Cisco2500、2600、7200等系列路由器上均實(shí)際操作過,以上為在Cisco2610路由器上實(shí)際操作捕獲或截屏,所配地址只是特例,大家可根據(jù)實(shí)際需要予以修改。最后建議:大家在作正常路由器系統(tǒng)升級時(shí),為防止不正確操作等引起的升級失敗,請先把路由器原有的系統(tǒng)備份下來。
第四篇:路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)
路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)
本人長期從事計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理工作,在對CISCO路由器的長期日常維護(hù)和管理實(shí)踐中積累了一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。現(xiàn)總結(jié)歸納出CISCO路由器IOS映像升級的幾種方法,供廣大網(wǎng)絡(luò)愛好者或同仁參考。在介紹CISCO路由器IOS升級方法前,有必要對Cisco路由器的存儲器的相關(guān)知識作以簡單介紹。路由器與計(jì)算機(jī)相似,它也有內(nèi)存和操作系統(tǒng)。在Cisco路 由器中,其操作系統(tǒng)叫做互連網(wǎng)操作系統(tǒng)(Internetwork Operating System),常簡稱為IOS。路由器的存儲器主要有: ROM:只讀存儲器包含路由器正在使用的IOS的一份副本;
RAM:IOS將隨機(jī)訪問存儲器分成共享和主存。主要用來存儲運(yùn)行中的路由器配置和與路由協(xié)議有關(guān)的IOS數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu);
FLASH(閃存):用來存儲IOS軟件映像文件,閃存是可以擦除內(nèi)存,它能夠用IOS的新版本覆寫,IOS升級主要是閃存中的IOS映像文件進(jìn)行更換。NVRAM:非易失性隨機(jī)訪問存儲器,用來存儲系統(tǒng)的配置文件。
IOS升級方法一
在對能夠正常啟動的CISCO路由器的IOS進(jìn)行升級時(shí),比較簡單。具體步驟如下:
1、尋找一種TFTP服務(wù)器軟件(有CISCO公司的TFTPServer或3COM公司的3Cserver等,在升級較大IOS映象文件時(shí),建議用3Cserver),安裝在一臺計(jì)算機(jī)上,將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中(例:D:),并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄(如D:)。假設(shè)該計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址為10.32.10.1;
2、連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1,使用PC的超級終端軟件訪問路由器,將路由器的地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32(與計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址同網(wǎng)段即可)。建議在進(jìn)行IOS升級前將原有IOS文件備份下來,防止待升級的IOS文件存在問題不可用; QUOTE: Router# dir flash:(查看目前IOS映象文件名,也可用Router#Show version)
Directory of flash:/
1-rw-5998292 C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN
8388608 bytes total(2390252 bytes free)
Router#copy flash tftp(備份IOS文件)
Source filename []?c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin
Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服務(wù)器地址)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
…
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
5998292 bytes copied in 324.071 secs(18509 bytes/sec)
Router#
3、對路由器進(jìn)行IOS升級; QUOTE: Router#copy tftp flash
Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服務(wù)器地址)
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin(需升級的新IOS映象文件名)
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?
Do you want to over write? [confirm]
Accessing tftp://10.32.10.1/c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin...Erase flash: before copying? [confirm]
Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue? [confirm]
Erasing device...eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee...erasedee
Erase of flash: complete
Loading c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin from 10.32.10.1(via Ethernet0/0):!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
…
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OK-5998292 bytes]
Verifying checksum...OK(0xA0C0)
5998292 bytes copied in 318.282 secs(18846 bytes/sec)
Router# IOS升級方法二
由于升級失敗后或者路由器的config-register寄存器值為0x2101時(shí),開啟路由器時(shí)、或者在開啟(某些型號)Cisco路由器的電源開關(guān)后30秒內(nèi)按下Ctrl+break鍵,中斷路由器的正常啟動,路由器都會進(jìn)入rom監(jiān)視模式,即Router(boot)>,在這種情形下,對路由器的IOS進(jìn)行升級,也比較簡單。首先進(jìn)入特權(quán)模式下,即
QUOTE: Router(boot)>en
Router(boot)# 其他升級步驟同方法一,即:執(zhí)行copy tftp flash命令,對IOS進(jìn)行升級。升級完成后,不要忘了修改config-register寄存器值為0x2102(恢復(fù)正常值)。QUOTE: Router(boot)# t
Router(boot)(config)# config-register 0x2102
Router(boot)(config)#exit
Router(boot)#wr
Router(boot)#reload
重啟即可。
第五篇:公務(wù)員管理信息系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版補(bǔ)丁升級方法
公務(wù)員管理信息系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版補(bǔ)丁升級方法
1、公務(wù)員管理信息系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版(單機(jī))升級方法:
雙擊運(yùn)行升級程序“公務(wù)員標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版升級程序(TD52120727).exe”。
2、信息采集軟件升級方法:
運(yùn)行采集軟件升級程序“公務(wù)員信息采集軟件升級程序(T54120727).exe”。
請各省按照補(bǔ)丁升級方法對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版軟件進(jìn)行升級,并對升級后程序使用中出現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行及時(shí)反饋。