高中英語語法主語從句講解及練習

D.it 6._____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.A.That occurred to her

C.how

B.She occurred that

C.To her that occurred

D.It occurred to her that 7.I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.A.which

B.all

C.this

D.what 8.We lost our way in the forest, and ____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.A.that

D.What 9._____ or not is still uncertain.A.He’s coming

C.it

B.If he is coming

C.That coming

D.Whether he’s coming 10.It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.A.doubt whether B.doubtful

C.doubt it

D.doubtful whether 11.______ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet

suburb, Dick’s life is tied to machines.A.Whether

B.Till

C.If

D.Unless 12._____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.A.That

B.When

C.What

D.Which 13._____ is warm sunshine.A.What do we all need.B.What all we need

C.What we need

D.What we all need 14._____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.A.What

B.That

C.He

D.It 15._____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon.A.Remarkable

B.Quite remarkably

C.It is remarkable that

D.It is remarkable fact that 16._____ you nominate will be elected.A.Who

B.Whom

C.Whomever

D.That’s 17._____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.A.What

B.Which

C.Whichever

D.That’s 18._____ of us gets home first starts cooking.A.Who

B.Which

C.Whichever

D.Anyone

1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for 3.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not known 4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late 5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A.That?that you had expected B.What ?that you had expected C.That?what you had expected D.What?what you had expected 6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 7.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.if B.that C.whether D.how 9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That B.What C.How D.Which 10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that C.That, that D.That, what 11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That B.Why C.How D.Who 14._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When B.Why C.What D.That 15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What C.Why D.This 16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where C.That D.What 17._______you come or not is up to you.A.What B.If C.Why D.Whether 18._______makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Anybody 19._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which B.That C.If D.How 20.Who is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 21.Is this factory you visited the other day? A.that B.where C.in which D.the one 22.________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who

表語從句

1、概述

用作表語的從句叫作表語從句，它位于主句中的連系動詞之后。引導表語從句的詞有從屬連詞that、whether、as though(if)；關系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；關系副詞when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。可以接表語從句的連系動詞由be, look, remain, seem等。That引導表語從句時，在口語中，間或可以省略。

The trouble is that we are short of money.困難是我們資金短缺。

That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.這就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。

At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.當時,我似乎怎么也想不出一個恰當的字眼來。

2、由從屬連詞that，whether引導的表語從句。

that在引導表語從句時無詞義，而whether有詞義，意為、“是否”。這時主句的主語常常是些抽象名詞，如question(問題)，trouble(麻煩)，problem(問題)，result(結果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建議)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表語從句對主句主語進行說明、解釋，使主語的內容具體化。

The trouble is(that)she has lost his money.麻煩的事是他丟了錢。

The question is whether we need more ice cream.問題是我們是否還需要一些冰淇淋。The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.問題是它作為日常之用太貴重了。

What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.我們不能理解越來越少的學生對他的課不感興趣。

3、由關系代詞引導的表語從句。

關系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引導表語從句，在句中作主語、賓語、表語，關系代詞不能省略。The question is which of us should go.問題是我們哪一個應該去。The problem was who could do the work.問題是誰能做這項工作。That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在擔心的事。That's what we should do.那是我們應該做的。

4、由關系副詞引導的表語從句。

Go and get your coat.It's where you left it.去把雨衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That’s why I got wet through.我們既沒傘也沒雨衣，這是我們淋濕的原因。

That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎樣每年損害大量糧食的。

That is what he is worried about.那就是他所擔心的。

5、由連詞because，as if/as though等引導的表語從句。

It looked as if it was going to snow.看起來好像要下雪了。

That's because we never thought of it.這是因為我們從未想過此事。It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.好像他不知道答案。可以接表語從句的系動詞有：

1：be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell 3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay 4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall 5: prove, turn out 系動詞的固定搭配: come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad, come right, run wild 連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though(if不引導表語從句)連接代詞：who / whom / whose / which / what 連接副詞：when / where / why / how / because 注：引導表語從句的連詞that間或可以省略。

The truth is（that）I didn't go there.事實是我沒去那兒。

［考題1］ The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.A.when B.why C.whether D.that

［答案］ D

［解析］下劃線處之后是包含一個原因狀語從句的表語從句，如果看不出它是充當整個句子結構的表語從句將難以把握整個句子的意思。因此，應選擇可引導名詞性從句且不充當任何成分的that。

［考題2］ You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.A.why B.where C.what D.how

［答案］ B

［解析］下劃線處的引導詞引導系動詞is后的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當地點狀語(“disagree”屬于不及物動詞，“I disagree”本身是完整的主謂結構)，下劃線應填入引導詞where，表語從句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之處、我不同意的地方”。

［考題3］ — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.— Is that ____ you had a few days off?

A.why B.when C.what D.where

［答案］ A

［解析］下劃線處的引導詞引導與系動詞is連用的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當原因狀語，下劃線應填入表示“因此??”(指因某種原因所造成的結果)的引導詞why。

［考題4］ ____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that

［答案］ A

［解析］第一個下劃線處的引導詞引導主語從句并在該主語從句中充當賓語，特指她所不理解的事情，應填入關系代詞型的引導詞what；第二個下劃線處表示“因此??”(指因某種原因所造成的后果，由why引導對應的名詞性從句)而不是“為什么??”(指原因、理由，由because引導對應的名詞性從句)，應填入引導詞why。

［考題5］ ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.A.What;because B.What;that

C.That;what D.That;because

［答案］ B

［解析］第一個下劃線處的引導詞引導主語從句并在該主語從句中充當主語，特指令校方驕傲的事情，應選用關系代詞型的引導詞what；第二個下劃線處引導表語從句表示原因、理由，應由that引導對應的名詞性從句。

［考題6］ — Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

— Oh, that’s ____.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about

C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited

［答案］ A

［解析］ A選項的意思是“令我感覺激動的事物”； B選項的意思是“我覺得激動的任何事物”； C選項的意思是“我對它感覺的方式”； D選項的意思是“令我感覺激動的時間”。四個選項中A最適合跟代表“game”的主語that對應，充當表語從句。

表語從句與賓語從句的關系

不屬于的

賓語從句和表語從句都屬于名詞性從句。其作用跟名詞在句中的作用相同。故充當賓語的句子叫賓語從句，充當表語的句子叫表語從句。

賓語從句

(1)對于賓語從句要掌握以下三點

①語序: 從句的語序必須是陳述句語序, 即“主語 + 謂語”這種形式。

②時態: 當主句是一般現在時或一般將來時的時候, 從句可以是任何時態, 而當主句是一般過去時的時候, 從句, 從句時態必須是過去時范圍的時態, 即(一般過去時, 過去進行時, 過去完成時, 過去將來時)。

③連接詞: 當從句意思完整, 主句意思肯定時, 連接詞用that, 且可以省去, 當從句意思完整, 主句意思不確定或含否定含意時, 常用if或whether(是否), 當從句意思不完整時, 連接詞則是代替不完整部分的特殊疑問詞。

表語從句

在句子中起表語作用的從句叫做表語從句，位于主句系動詞的后面。表語從句的引導詞和主語從句的引導詞相同。也是名詞性從句的一種。

如： What the police want to know is when you enred red the room警察想知道的是你什么時候進的房間。

The The trouble is that we are short of funds困難是我們缺乏資金。

This This is what we should do這是我們應當做的。

That”s s why I want you to work there那就是我要你在那兒工作的原因。

His His first question was whether Mr.Smith had arrived yet他的第一個問題是史密斯先生到了沒有。

注意：從句中的疑問句用正常語序，即陳述語序。

as as if, as though, becau也可用來引導表語從句。

She She seems as if she had done a great thing她看起來好像做了一件大事。

It It is because you eat too much那是因為你吃得太多了。

表從練習一

1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that

D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because

D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it A.where

C.for

B.there

C.there where

D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted A.who can we get

B.what we can get C.who we can get

D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that

D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that

C.whether

D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that

D.what 8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like

C.as D.as though 9.—I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why

D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill

C.what

B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill

D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that

D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what

1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you

B.That；how you are

C.How；that you are

D.What；how you are 2.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what

D.why that 3.America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A.what

C.how

B.where

C.the place

D.there where 4.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be

B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being

D.what it was used to be 5.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that

B.That … what C.What … what

D.That … what 6.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.Such

三

1.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？

A.why

D.where 2.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why

D.It’s how 3.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.A.when

D.what 4.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

C.where

---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited

B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it

D.when I feel excited 5.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.A.the way

B.in the way that

C.in the way

D.the way which

1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that

D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because

D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it

C.for

A.where

B.there

C.there where

D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted A.who can we get

B.what we can get C.who we can get

D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that

D.不填 6.The reason is_________ I missed the bus.A.that

C.whether

D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that

D.what 8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like

C.as

D.as though 9.—I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why

D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill

C.what

B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill

D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that

D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what

B.where

C.that

D.why 13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you

B.That；how you are C.How；that you are

D.What；how you are 14.The trouble is__________ we are short of tools.A.what

D.why that 15.America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A.what

C.how

B.where

C.the place

D.there where 16.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be

B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being

D.what it was used to be 17.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that

B.That … what C.What … what

D.That … what

18.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such 19 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？

A.why

D.where 20.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why

D.It’s how

21.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.A.when

D.what 22.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

C.where

---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited

B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it

D.when I feel excited 23.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.A.the way

B.in the way that

C.in the way

D.the way which

綜合練習

1.It has been proved _________ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.A.if B.because C.when D.that 2.The last time we had great fun was ________ we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why 3.________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which 4.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make use do so.A.when B.why C.whether D.that 5.______ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.That B.Which C.What D.As 6.________ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.A.As B.That C.This D.It 7.______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A.No matter what B.No matter which C.Whatever D.Whichever 8.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree.A.why B.where C.what.D how 9.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A.where B.what C.that D.how 10.I think Father would like to know ______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A.which B.why C.what D.how 11.Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is ______ makes me feel so proud.A.what B.which C.that D.why 12.________ puzzles the scientists how these creatures can survive in such severe conditions.A.What B.As C.That D.It 13._____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.Who C.Whoever D.The person 14.Inside the White House, there is a room called the Oval Office.That’s _______ the president works.A.whey B.when C.what D.where 15.______ you will be admitted to York University will be decided by the Admission Committee.A.That B.Whether C.What D.If 16.The reason ____ I plan to go is _____ she will be disappointed if I don’t.A.why;that B.that;because C.which;because D.why;for 17.We sell handmade gifts._____gift you order from us is unique for the special person!A.Which B.That C.Whichever D.What

第二篇：主語從句講解及其練習

名詞性從句講義

在復合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句是中學階段的一個重要語法項目，在歷年的高考中幾乎都涉及到，并且每年的命題各有變化。分析歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點主要有以下六個方面 1.考查名詞性從句的語序問題

2.考查引導詞that與what的區別

3.考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法

4.考查whether與if的區別

5.考查名詞性從句中的疑問詞+ever引導的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導的狀語從句的區別

6.考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題語法要點剖析

一、名詞性從句

主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個句子中所起的作用，相當于一個名詞因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞：that, whether, if（不充當從句的任何成分）連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：when, where, how, why 連接代詞和連接副詞在句子中既保留疑問意義，又充當句子成分。

主語從句

主語從句知識點：

①主語從句的連接詞

②主語從句，it做形式主語（細化：it做形式主語和it做強調句的區別）③主語從句的時態（主語從句的時態不受主句時態影響和控制）

④其他：如，主語從句是陳述句；what和tha在引導主語從句的區別；that是否可以省略的問題

一、主語從句的連詞分三類

（1）從屬連詞引導的主語從句（that whether /if）

that引導的主語從句:引導詞that無含義/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That 引導主語從句通常用it 作形式主語。

例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That she survived the accident is a miracle.whether 引導的主語從句: whether有含義(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。注意：引導主語從句，不能用if不能在開頭，只能用whether。

Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.（2）用連接代詞引導的主語從句

在由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導的名詞性從句中，其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用，擔當一定成分.例如：What you need is more practice.Whatever we do is to serve the people.注：whatever / whoever的功用

whatever, whoever在主語從句中不含疑問意義。它引導主語從句，并在從句中作主語、賓語、表語等。

whatever = anything that;whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引導的讓步狀語從句的區別。

如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主語從句）（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.）

Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（讓步狀語從句）（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）

（3）用連接副詞when, where, why, how引導的名詞性從句(其連接副詞有含義,在句中作狀語。)例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.二、it 作形式主語的主語從句

有時為了考慮句子平衡，通常在主語從句處使用形式主語it，而將真正的主語從句移至句末。這分四種情況：

(1)對于以連詞that引導的主語從句，通常用形式主語it替代主語從句： It is +名詞+從句

It is a fact that? 事實是??； It is good news that ? ??是好消息； It is a question that ? ??是個問題； It is common knowledge that ? ??是常識

類似的名詞還有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game. It is +形容詞+從句

It is necessary that ? 有必要??； It is clear that ? 很清楚??； It is likely that ? 很可能??； It is important that ? 重要的是??

類似的形容詞還有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer.需要注意的是這類主語從句中，謂語動詞很多為“（should）＋動詞原形”，即要用虛擬語氣。另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that ? It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that?

It is +過去分詞+從句 It is said that ? 據說??； It is reported that ? 據報道??； It has been proved that ? 已證明??； It must be proved that? 必須指出??

類似的過去分詞還有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.例如：It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic. It seems不及物動詞（happened / appears / doesn’t’t matter / makes no difference / occurred ?）that ?主語從句不可提前

It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.It does not matter if I missed my train.It happened that I saw him yesterday.(2)對于以連接代詞(副詞)引導的主語從句，可以使用形式主語代主語從句，也可直接在句首使用主語從句：

Whether they would support us was a problem.他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。It was a problem whether they would support us.他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。(3)對關系代詞型what引導的主語從句，通常直接將主語從句放在句首。如： What we need is money.我們需要的是錢。

What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是這一點。

有時也可將助用形式主語。如：It is clear enough what he meant.他是什么意思很清楚。(4)如果句子是疑問句，則必須用帶形式主語it的結構：

Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父親，是真的嗎？ How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又遲到了？

三、主語從句的時態，從句時態不受主句時態的影響和控制

（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.（4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）Whose watch was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小結: 連詞位于句首不能省略

主語從句大多數情況下視為三單,但也有例外,如例9

四、主語從句其他知識點

（一）連詞that的省略問題引導主語從句的連詞that 有時可省，有時不能省，其原則是：若that引導的主語從句直接位于句首，則that不能省略；

若that引導的主語從句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主語it，則that可以省略： That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity.很遺憾你沒去聽報告。(that不可省)It was a pity(that)you didn’t go to the talk.很遺憾你沒去聽報告。(that可省)

（二）what 與that 在引導主語從句時的區別

what 引導主語從句時在從句中充當句子成分，如主語、賓語、表語，而that 則不然。What you said yesterday is right.That she is still alive is a consolation.（三）whethwe和if引導名詞性從句區別

whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，只可用whether 1.whether引導主語從句并在句首。

eg:Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic。2.引導表語從句。eg:The question is whether we can get in touch with her.3.whether從句作介詞賓語。eg:I am thinking about whether I should quit my present job.4.if與whether都可以與or not 連用，但后面緊跟or not 時只能用whether。

We didn't know whether or not she was ready.（此時只能用whether）5.Whether可以引導同位語從句，if不引導同位語從句。

五、高考題：

1、It never occurred to me___you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(陜西高考)A．which B．what C．that

D．if

2、It's obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.(天津卷)A．as B．that C．which D．whether

3、________some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plug by many others.(2010·北京)A．Whether B．What C．That D．How 主語從句練習題

1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for 3.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not known 4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late 5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A.That?that you had expected B.What ?that you had expected C.That?what you had expected D.What?what you had expected 6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 7.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.what B.that C.whether D.how 9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That B.What C.How D.Which 10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that C.That, that D.That, what 11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That B.Why C.How D.Who 14._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When B.Why C.What D.That 15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What C.Why D.This 16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where C.That D.What 17.._______you come or not is up to you.A.What B.If C.Why D.Whether 18.._______makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Anybody 19.._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which B.That C.If D.How 20..________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who

第三篇：主語從句講解與練習

主語從句

一、概述：在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句統稱為名詞性從句。根據它們在句中的語法作用，這類從句又可分為主語從句、同位語從句、表語從句和賓語從句。二.主語從句主要有三類：

（1）由連詞that引導的主語從句:引導詞that無含義,在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想獲得獎牌看起來是不可能的。That you are so indifferent bothers me.你如此冷淡使我很煩惱。

That she survived the accident is a miracle.她在事故中幸免于難簡直是奇跡。

（2）用連詞 whether 引導的主語從句:whether有含義(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.她來不來都無關緊要。

（3）用連接代詞引導的主語從句(在由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導的名詞性從句中，其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用，擔當一定成分).例如：What you need is more practice.你所需要的是更多的訓練。

What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是這事。Whatever we do is to serve the people.我們無論做什么都是為人民服務。

（4）用連接副詞when, where, why, how引導的名詞性從句(其連接副詞有含義,在句中作狀語。)eg:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.他們什么時候來還不知道。三.注意點: 1.it 做形式主語,而將主語從句放在句末（尤其是當謂語較短時）。例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.光沿直線傳播，這是眾所周知的事。

=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.眾所周知光沿直線傳播。

When the plane is to take off has not been announced.飛機何時起飛還沒有宣布。

= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.還沒有宣布飛機何時起飛。

(當what引導的主語從句表示“…的東西”時，一般不用it作形式主語。)錯:It is a book what he wants.對:What he wants is a book.他想要的是本書。

例如：Has it been settled who will be sent to carry out the task ? 誰將被派去執行這項任務決定了嗎？固定用法和譯法

（1）It is +名詞+從句

It is a fact that… 事實是……

It is good news that … ……是好消息 It is a question that … ……是個問題

It is common knowledge that … ……是常識

類似的名詞還有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.這一切是怎么發生的是個謎。

It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.鯨魚不是魚，這是常識。

It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.鮑勃會贏得這場比賽，這不足為奇。（2）It is +形容詞+從句

It is necessary that … 有必要…… It is clear that … 很清楚…… It is likely that … 很可能……

It is important that … 重要的是……

類似的形容詞還有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.例如：It is obvious that conductors and insulators are both important in industry.很明顯導體和絕緣體在工業中都很重要。It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她是否能來令人懷疑。

It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you.他拒絕和你說話真是令人驚訝。

It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.周末之前，他應該到這里是必要的。

It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.很明顯我們不能這樣下去了。（3）It is +過去分詞+從句 It is said that … 據說……

It is reported that … 據報道……

It has been proved that … 已證明…… It must be proved that… 必須指出……

It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.據估計這個花瓶有2000年的歷史。

It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.過去一直認為新星是由于兩顆星星之間碰撞產生的。

It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.還沒弄清楚這條路將開始通車。

It does not matter if I missed my train, because there is another later.沒有趕上這趟火車沒有關系，稍晚還有一趟。It happened that I saw him yesterday.碰巧我昨天看見他了。

當“及物動詞 + 賓語”較短時，也可用這種結構。

例如：It shocked me that Peter did not tell anybody where he was.讓我吃驚的是彼得沒有告訴任何人他在哪里。It does not interest me whether you go or not.我對你去不去不感興趣。

2.只用whether不用if引導主語從句.二、主語從句與形式主語it 有時為了考慮句子平衡，通常在主語從句處使用形式主語it，而將真正的主語從句移至句末。這分三種情況：

(1)對于以連詞that引導的主語從句，通常用形式主語代主語從句： It’s a pity that he didn’t come.很遺憾他沒來。

It is important that he should know about this.他必須知道此事。It’s vital that we be present.我們出席是至關重要的。

It was intended that you be the candidate.大家的意圖是讓你當候選人。It is important that this mission not fail.這項使命不失敗至關重要。

It is essential that a meeting be convened this week.本周開一次會非常重要。It is appropriate that this tax be abolished.廢除這個稅是恰當的。

It’s unfair that so many people should lose their jobs.竟有這么多人失業這是不公平的。It’s amazing that she should have said nothing about it.她竟未談及此事令人驚訝。

It’s unthinkable that they should deny my request.他們竟然拒絕我的請求，這是不可思議的。That they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage.他們拒絕在請愿書上簽字這是需要很大勇氣的。

(2)對于以連接代詞(副詞)引導的主語從句，可以使用形式主語代主語從句，也可直接在句首使用主語從句：

Whether they would support us was a problem.他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。It was a problem whether they would support us.他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。

It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good.它對我們是利是害，還得看看再說。(3)對關系代詞型what引導的主語從句，通常直接將主語從句放在句首。如： What we need is money.我們需要的是錢。

What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是這一點。有時也可將助用形式主語。如：

It is clear enough what he meant.他是什么意思很清楚。(4)如果句子是疑問句，則必須用帶形式主語it的結構：

Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父親，是真的嗎？

How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又遲到了？(from www.tmdps.cning B.If he is coming C.That coming D.Whether he’s coming 11.It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.A.doubt whether B.doubtful C.doubt it D.doubtful whether 12._____ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dick’s life is tie

d to machines.A.Whether B.Till C.If D.Unless 13._____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.A.That B.When C.What D.Which 14._____ is a spell of warm sunshine.A.What do we all need.B.What all we need C.What we need D.What we all need 15._____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.A.What B.That C.He D.It 16._____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon.A.Remarkable B.Quite remarkably C.It is remarkable that D.It is remarkable fact that 17._____ you nominate will be elected.A.Who B.Whom C.Whomever D.That’s 18._____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.A.What B.Which C.Whichever D.That’s 19._____ of us gets home first starts cooking.A.Who B.Which C.Whichever D.Anyone 20._____orders he gives are obeyed.A.Whichever B.Which C.Whatever D.What 21.____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.(浙江 2008)A.Anyone

B.The one

C.Whoever

D.Who 22.____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.(2007 全國卷Ⅱ)A.What

B.Why

C.Where

D.Which 23.____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.(上海 2002 春)A.What

B.That

C.This

D.Which 24.____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.(NMET 1996)A.If

B.Whether

C.That

D.Where 【鞏固練習】

1.__________________________________ hasn’t been decided yet.(pick)誰將去接他還沒有確定。

2.__________________________________ remains unknown.(finish)我們是否能按時完成工作還不知道

3._____________________________________ is none of my business.(like)你不喜歡他與我無關。

4._________________________________________ is being discussed.(abroad)他將何時出國正在討論之中。

5.____________________________ in learning English is enough practice.(matter)英語學習中最重要的是足夠的練習。

6.It worried her a bit ______________________________________________.(turn)她的頭發正在變白讓她有些擔憂。

7.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, what our astronauts desire to do ______________________________.(walk)

楊利偉成功地環繞地球后，我們的宇航員所想做的是在太空漫步。

8.________________________________________ should be punished.(break)任何違法的人都應該被懲罰。

9.______________________________ we can learn four foreign languages at the same time.(seem)我們能同時學四門外語似乎不可能。

10._______________________________ was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to the key universities.真題：

1、The Foreign Minister said, “______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”

A.This is B.There is C.That is D.It is

2、After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A.where B.what C.that D.how

3、____ is not known yet.A.When she has gone B.Where she has gone C.How did she leave D.Why did she go

4、______ is unfit for the office.A.It seems to me that

B.It seems to me that he C.That seems he

D.That seems to him that

5、_______man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.A.Which B.How C.What D.That

6、_______ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known.A.Whom

B.Whoever

C.Who

D.What

7、________matters much ________ the headmaster supports our activity.A．It;whether B．What;whether C．As;that D．That;if

8、________ is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.A．As

B．It C．That

D．What

9、________ Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States led to the closer relationship between the two countries.A．Which B．What C．That D．As

10、It is obvious to the students ________ they should get well prepared for their future.A．as B．which C．whether D．that

11、It is uncertain________side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.A.that B.what C.how D.whether

12、The villagers have already known ______ we'll do is to rebuild the bridge.A．this B．that C．what D．which

13、It is still under discussion________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A．whether B．when C．which

D．where

14、________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom

15、It was never clear ________ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.A.that

B.how C.when D.why I.用適當的詞填空，使句子意思完整。

1.______ he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday wasn’t quite clear.2.The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope

______ the two sides will work towards peace.”

3.______ team will win the match is still unknown.4.______ comes to the party will receive a present.5.______ Mary has left is still a question.6.It’s reported ______ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.7.______ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us.8.We usually think ______ we can’t get seems better than what we have.9.It is a fact ______ English is being accepted as an international language.10.______ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasn’t been decided.II.下列各句中均有一處錯誤，請改正。

1.That the old man’s son wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden.2.It is reported when China has successfully sent Shenzhou VI spaceship into space.3.If he can finish his task on time is of great importance.4.Whether the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing excited the whole nation.5.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, which our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.6.Whatever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.7.Why they will solve the serious problem today has not been decided.8.When will win the English competition is still a problem.9.How our spring sports meet will be held or not this week is not known yet.10.It’s strange when he should have gone away without telling us.1.Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.2.If she’s coming or not doesn’t matter much.3.That the professor said is of great importance.4.Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.5.No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.6.When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.7.What were your problems a year ago has now become mine.8.It was requested that everyone made a speech at the meeting.1、D。此句為it 放在句首作形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導的從句。

2、B。考查主語從句。從句中動詞do缺少賓語，故選what，what引導的從句在句中作主語。

3、B

4、B

5、【解析】C.考查主語從句，并在主語從句中作fear的賓語what的用法。

6、C

7、A解析：it 是形式主語，真正的主語是whether 引導的從句。句意：校長是否支持我們的活動很重要。故選A項。

8、D解析：what 在這里引導主語從句，選D項。此題要注意分析句子結構，如果題目改為：①________ is known to us all, the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.該句空處應用As, As 引導非限制性定語從句；②________ is known to us all that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.該句空處則應用It, It 作形式主語。

9、C解析：句意：溫家寶總理訪問美國讓兩國之間的關系更加密切。“That Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States”是主語從句，that 在從句中只起連詞作用，不作句子成分，本身沒有詞義，但是不可省略。

10、D解析：it是形式主語，代替后面的主語從句。主語從句結構完整，故用that引導。that在主語從句中不作成分，但不能省略。

11、B解析：句意：盡管大約有兩千名病人已經服用了這種藥物，但是它會產生什么樣的副作用現在還不能確定。根據句意可知應該選擇B項引導主語從句。what在這里實際上是作為形容詞來修飾后面的“side effect副作用”。一起作從句中bring about的賓語。

12、C解析：句意：村民們已經知道我們要重建這座橋。分析句子結構可知，known后跟賓語從句，省略了連接詞that。此賓語從句中又包含一個主語從句，主語從句中do缺少賓語，所以用what引導該從句作整個賓語從句的主語，答案為C項。

13、A解析：whether“是否”；when“當??時候”；which“哪一個”；where“哪兒”。句意：舊車站是否要被現代化的旅館所代替仍在討論中。根據句意可知選A項。

14、B解析：句意：“巴巴拉·瓊斯給予她粉絲的是誠實和快樂。”“________Barbara Jones offers to her fans”在句中作主語，為主語從句。what引導主語從句并且在從句中作offers的賓語，故選B項。which表示“哪一個”；whom表示“誰”。均不符合句意。

15、D解析：句意：這名男子沒有早點報告這次事故的原因根本沒有搞清楚。it在句中是形式主語，真正的主語是why引導的主語從句。

16、C

17、C

18、D

19、A

【答案】

1.Who will pick him up 2.Whether we can finish the work on time 3.That you don’t like him 4.When he will go abroad 5.What matters most

6.that her hair was turning grey 7.walk in space 8.Whoever/Anyone who breaks the law 9.It seems impossible that 10.What made the school proud Key:

I． 1.Why

2.that 3.Which 4.Whoever

5.Whether 6.that 7.How

8.what

9.that

10.Who

II． 1.That → What

2.when → that

3.If → Whether

4.Whether → That

5.which → what

6.Whatever → Whoever

7.Why → How

8.When → Who

9.How → Whether

10.when → that 1.在句首加That（并將Light改為light）。that雖無詞義但引導主語從句位于句首時不能省略。

2.將If改為Whether。if, whether都可表示“是否”，但if不能引導位于主句之前的主語從句，它可以引導位于主句之后帶有形式主語it的主語從句。

3.將That改為What。that引導主語從句時無詞義。What the professor said表示“教授所說的”。

4.將will置于trees之后。主語從句要用陳述句語序。

5.將No matter who改為Whoever。引導讓步狀語從句時二者可互換，但引導名詞性從句時

只能用whoever。

6.將remain改為remains。主語從句表示單一概念時，謂語要用單數形式。

7.has要改為have。主語從句表示復數概念時，謂語要用復數形式。

8.將made改為（should）make。在“It is requested / ordered / suggested + that從句”中，從句要用虛擬語氣，即謂語用“should + 動詞原形”，should可省略

第四篇：高二主語從句練習

二.主語從句主要有四類：（1）由連詞that引導的主語從句:引導詞that無含義/在句中不做成分/不可以省。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That you are so indifferent bothers me.That she survived the accident is a miracle.（2）用連詞 whether 引導的主語從句: whether有含義(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。

注意：引導主語從句，不能用if，只能用whether。

例如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.（3）用連接代詞引導的主語從句

whatever, whoever在主語從句中不含疑問意義。它引導主語從句，并在從句中作主語、賓語、表語等。

whatever = anything that;whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引導的讓步狀語從句的區別。

如： Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主語從句）

（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.）

Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（讓步狀語從句）

（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）

（4）用連接副詞when, where, why, how引導的名詞性從句(其連接副詞有含義,在句中作狀語。)例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.三.由 it構成的主語從句

（1）由連詞that引導的主語從句，在大多數情況下會放到句子的后面，而用代詞it作形式主語。

例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.When the plane is to take off has not been announced.= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.(但當what引導的主語從句表示“…的東西”時，一般不用it作形式主語。)錯:It is a book what he wants.對:What he wants is a book.另外，需要注意的是，it作形式主語代替主語從句時，要注意和as引導的定語從句的區別。試比較：

It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack.As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.（2）常見用it作形式主語的復合句結構 It is +名詞+從句

It is a fact that… 事實是……

It is good news that … ……是好消息 It is a question that … ……是個問題

It is common knowledge that … ……是常識

It is necessary that … 有必要…… It is clear that … 很清楚…… It is likely that … 很可能……

It is important that … 重要的是……

類似的形容詞還有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;

unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.例如：It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you.It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer.It is important that a student learn English well.It’s clear that they badly need help.It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.需要注意的是，這類主語從句中，謂語動詞很多為“（should）＋動詞原形”，即要用虛擬語氣。

It is +過去分詞+從句 It is said that … 據說……

It is reported that … 據報道……

It has been proved that … 已證明…… It must be proved that… 必須指出……

It seems that they will win the game.It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.It does not matter if I missed my train.It happened that I saw him yesterday.練習

1._____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.A.The estimate

B.The estimated C.They are estimated D.It is estimated that 2._____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.A.Which B.Since C.Although D.How 3._____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.A.Whoever B.Whatever C.However D.That 4._____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.A.For the reason that he is B.Just because he is C.The reason of being D.That he is 5.Although ___ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.A.which B.what C.how D.it 6._____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.A.That occurred to her B.She occurred that C.To her that occurred D.It occurred to her that 7.I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.A.which B.all C.this D.what 8.We lost our way in the forest, and ____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.A.that B.which C.it D.what 9._____ or not is still uncertain.A.He’s coming B.If he is coming C.That coming D.Whether he’s coming 10.It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.A.doubt whether B.doubtful C.doubt it D.doubtful whether 11.______ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dick’s life is tied to machines.A.Whether B.Till C.If D.Unless 12._____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.A.That B.When C.What D.Which 13._____ is warm sunshine.A.What do we all need.B.What all we need C.What we need D.What we all need 14._____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.A.What B.That C.He D.It 15._____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon.A.Remarkable B.Quite remarkably C.It is remarkable that D.It is remarkable fact that 16._____ you nominate will be elected.A.Who B.Whom C.Whomever D.That’s 17._____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.A.What B.Which C.Whichever D.That’s 18._____ of us gets home first starts cooking.A.Who B.Which C.Whichever D.Anyone

1.It remains unknown ________ the peace talk between the two countries is going to lead.A．where

B．when

C．how

D．why 2.It is ________ the pupils do in their spare time ________ really prepares them to take their place in society as citizens when they grow up A.which;that

B.that;what

C.what;that

D.that;which 3._______ _ he can work abroad next year will depend on his parents' will.A.That

B.When

C.What

D.Whether

4.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as