第一篇：高中英語語法定語從句教案及練習
高中英語語法--定語從句
定語從句在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常
出現在先行詞之后，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。
關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關系副詞有：when, where, why等。
18.1 關系代詞引導的定語從句
關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語和賓語。例如：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）
2）whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）。例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3）which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）
The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作賓語）
18.2 關系副詞引導的定語從句
關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1）關系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于“介詞+ which”結構，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結構交替使用。例如：
There are occasions when（on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？
2）that代替關系副詞，可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介+which”引導的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略。例如：
His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。
及物動詞和不及物動詞
A 有些動詞只是及物動詞;它們不可以單獨用，后面必須跟賓語。
{ False: They always want after lunch.Right: They always want a cup of tea after lunch.{ False: He is sending now.Right: He is sending a letter now.B 有些動詞只是不及物動詞；它們可以單獨用，如果后面想接賓語，動詞后面必須加上介詞。
18.6 as, which 非限定性定語從句
由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.太陽使地球暖起來，這對我們人類很重要。
典型例題
1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it
B.that
C.which
D.he
答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。
2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it
答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。
3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which
C.as
D.it
答案B.as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：
（1）as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。
（2）as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which.。在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項應為B。
as 的用法
例1.the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結構, 和……一樣……。例如：
I have got into the same trouble as he（has）.我碰到了跟他一樣的麻煩。
例2.as可引導非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。例如：
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。
As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是關系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。
18.7 先行詞和關系詞二合一
1）Whoever spits in public will be punished here.（Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）
2）The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用all that代替）
18.8 what/whatever;that/what;who/whoever
1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如：
What you want has been sent here.你要的動詞都送來了。
Whatever you want makes no difference to me.不管你要什么，跟我沒什么關系。
2）who= the person that
whoever= anyone who。例如：
（錯）Who breaks the law will be punished.（錯）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.（對）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.王子犯法，與庶民同罪。
（對）Who robbed the bank is not clear.誰搶了銀行還不清楚。
3）that 和 what
當that引導定語從句時，通常用作關系代詞，而引導名詞性從句時，是個不充當任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that常可省略。What只能引導名詞性從句，用作連接代詞，作從句的具體成分，且不能省略。例如：
A.of whom B.from whom C.about that D.who 14.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.A.where
B.who
C.in which D.which 15.Have you read the book ____ I lent to you? A.that B.whom C.when D.whose 16.Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.A.that
B.which
C.whatever D.all 17.The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.A.most of them B.most of that C.most of whom D.most of those 18.This is the very letter ____came last night.A.who
B.which
C.that D.as 19.I know only a little about this matter;you may ask ____ knows better than I.A.whoever B.whomever C.anyone D.the one 20.This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.A.where
B./
C.when 21.This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.A.where
B.that C.which A.which B.in which
C.that
D.what D.on which 22.Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.D./ 23.Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.A.that, what B.what, that C.which, what D.that, which 24.Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow? A.that B.which
C.its
D.whose 25.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.A.whom B.who
C.to whom D.form whom 26.Is this school ____ we visited three years ago? A.the one B.which
C.that
D.where 27.Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago? A.the one B.where
C.in which D./ 28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country? A.whose
B.who C.whom D.which 29.Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.A.it
B.which
C.that D.he 30.The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.A.when there were B.which there were C.that there were D.where there were 31.I live in the house ____ windows face south.A.which
B.whose
32.----What game is popular with them?
C.where
D.in that
----The ____ most is tennis.A.game they like it B.game they like C.best game they like D.best game they like it 33.They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.A.which
B.which time C.during which time D.during which 34.The room ____ Mr.White lives is not very large.A.that B.which
C.where
D.when 35.Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.A.when B.that C.at which D.where 36.I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.A.that B.what C.which
D.when 37.He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.6-
第二篇：高中英語語法定語從句小結
定語從句
1.① 關系代詞（who,whom,whose,which,that,as）
A.從句中謂語動詞的人稱和數與先行詞一致
one of +動詞復數-------He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai
the only one +動詞單數-------He is the only one of the students who has been to ShanghaiB.who/whom
介詞放在句尾，二者都可用------This is the girl(who/whom)we have been looking for.C.whose=of which
The classroomare broken is unoccupied.The classroomare broken is unoccupied.D.介詞+關系代詞
⑴v.+prep.which he had been⑵n.+prep.They are still living in the little house ’ve been⑶adj.+prep.The woker E.只用that
⑴.先行詞是最高級、序數詞
⑵.先行詞是all,some/any/no/every+thing ,none
或only,any,few,little,no,all,none of,the very+先行詞
⑶.先行詞既有人又有物
⑷.who/which…….that…..?
⑸…… which…….that……
② 關系副詞(when,where,why)
A.when=on which
先行詞：occasion
B.where=in which
先行詞：case,point,situation,condition,stage
C.why=for which
先行詞：reason
2.A． when=and thenwhere=and there
B． as/which
(1)as在句前、句中、句后------which在句后
(2)非限制性定語從句放在主句之后，用as
定語從句是否定句或表示否定時，用which---He came here very late, which was unexpected
(3)As anybody can see
As we had expected
As often happens
As has been said before
As is mentioned above
As I understand
As appears
(4)As+被動語態------Which+主動語態
第三篇：高中英語語法總結-定語從句
嘉興英語教學網收集整理 歡迎使用
高中英語語法總結大全之定語從句
定語從句
定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之后，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。
關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關系副詞有：when, where, why等。
關系代詞引導的定語從句
關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）
2)Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3）which, that
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）
The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語）
關系副詞引導的定語從句
關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1）when, where, why
關系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于“介詞+ which”結構，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結構交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when(on which)one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？
2）that代替關系副詞
that可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介詞+ which”引導的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。He is unlikely to find the place(that / where / in which)he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。
判斷關系代詞與關系副詞
方法一： 用關系代詞，還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.判斷改錯（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。）
（錯）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對）This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.（對）I'll never forget the days(which)I spent in the countryside.習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞 where, when聯系在一起。此兩題錯在關系詞的誤用上。
方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A.whereB.thatC.on whichD.the one
例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.A.whereB.thatC.on whichD.the one
答案：例1 D，例2 A
例1變為肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2變為肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關系代詞，所以應選D。
而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。
關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語時，選擇關系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應選擇關系副詞(where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語)。
限制性和非限制性定語從句
1)定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開，例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）
2)當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的，例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.這本小說很動人，我已經讀了
三遍。
3)非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液態水變為蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。
說明：關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。
介詞+關系詞
1）介詞后面的關系詞不能省略。
2）that前不能有介詞。
3）某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的“介詞+關系詞”結構可以同關系副詞when 和where 互換。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
as, which非限定性定語從句
由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.典型例題
1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he
答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。
2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it
答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。
3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.thatB.whichC.asD.it
答案B.as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：
(1）as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。
(2）as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which.。
在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項應為B。
As 的用法
例1.the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結構, 和……一樣……。
I have got into the same trouble as he(has).例2.as可引導非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是關系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。
先行詞和關系詞二合一
1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)
what/whatever/that...1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)
關系代詞that的用法
1）不用that的情況
a)在引導非限定性定語從句時。
(錯)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.b)介詞后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2)只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況
a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b)在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時，只用that，不用which。
c)先行詞有the only, the very修飾時，只用that。
d)先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that。.e)先行詞既有人，又有物時。
舉例：
All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問題。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察
第四篇：高中英語語法專題復習專題十二 定語從句教案
高中英語語法專題復習教案專題十二——定語從句
一、考點聚焦
1、功能：相當于形容詞，修飾名詞或代詞，在句中作定語
2、位置：定語從句置于被修飾詞之后
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞稱為先行詞
（1）先行詞一般是名詞和不定代詞，如:some-, any-, every-和no與-boy,-thing的合成詞；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代詞。數詞也可以作先行詞，人稱代詞也同樣可作先行詞。
（2）先行詞與關系詞是等量關系。必須注意兩點：
①先行詞在從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的數由先行詞而定。This is the place which is worth visiting.②關系詞在從句句子中充當了成分，其意思就是先行詞的意義，所以在從句中不能重復其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.4、關系詞：引導定語從句的都稱關系詞
關系代詞：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。關系副詞：when, where, why。that偶爾也作關系副詞。
5、確定關系詞的步驟
（1）先找關系詞，看先行詞指的是什么。（2）看關系詞在從句中所充當的成分。
6、在定語從句中，當先行詞指物時，下列情況的關系詞宜用that而不用which（1）先行詞被①形容詞最高級 ②序數詞 ③數詞幾種詞修飾或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修飾時。
（2）先行詞為all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代詞時。
（3）先行詞中既有人又有物時。
He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.用心 愛心 專心 1
（4）先行詞在主句中作表語關系詞在從句中作表語時。The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.（5）當主句中含有疑問詞which時。
Which are the books that you bought for me ?
7、宜用which而不用that的情況（1）在非限制性定語從句中（2）在關系詞前有介詞時（3）當先行詞本身是that時（4）當關系詞離先行詞較遠時
8、關系詞who與that指人時，也有不同情況分別用不同的關系詞（1）當主句是there be句型時，關系詞用who。
（2）先行詞是為anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等詞時，關系詞用who。（3）當主句是who作疑問詞時，關系詞用that。Who is that girl that is standing by the window?（4）whom在從句中只作賓語，可被who取代。
9、whose作關系詞既指人又指物，在從句中作定語。如： Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ? There is a room, whose window faces the river.There is a room, the window of which faces the river.10、關系代詞as,在從句中作主語、賓語和表語。
（1）先行詞被such和the same修飾，或句型as many（much）中，從句都用as 引導。Such books as you bought are useful.The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.注意：區別①such ? that ? 引導的結果狀語從句。They are such lovely children that we love them much.②the same ? that ? 引導定語從句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.（2）無先行詞的定語從句用as和which引導。
區別：①意義上：as 含有“這點正如??一樣”。②位置上：as 從句可置句首，也可在另處。
He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.用心 愛心 專心
There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.As is known, the earth is round, not flat.11、關系副詞when與where、why、that when 指時間 = in / at / on / during which where指地點 = in / at / from / which why指原因 = for which 當先行詞為way、day、reason、time時，可用that作關系副詞。（非正式場合）I don’t like the way that / in which / he talks.當time作先行詞時，關系詞可以省掉。
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.12、必須注意的問題
（1）關系詞作主語時，從句中謂語的數。（2）注意區別定語從句與強調句。①定語從句中關系詞作從句成分，復合句。②強調it無意義，that / who不是引導詞。
③強調it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思講得通則是強調句，講不通則不是。It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定語從句)It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（強調句）（3）定語從句與同位語從句的區別。
①定語從句引導詞被稱為關系詞，that充當主語、賓語、表語。有時可省略。②同位語從句引導詞被叫做連詞，that不能充當任何成分，不可省。Word came that their army was defeated.(同位語)We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定語)（4）關系詞在從句中省略的情況。①關系詞作賓語，前無介詞時。②關系詞作表語。
（5）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的翻譯。
（6）關系詞前有介詞或復雜介詞，關系詞只能是which和whom。（7）幾個特殊的定語從句句型：
①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks
用心 愛心 專心
in the match.（句中one為先行詞）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students為先行詞）
②Is this place the one(that)we visited yesterday? Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ? ③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.二、精典名題導解 選擇填空
1.The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.（NMET 2001）
A.until B.that C.when D.where 解析：答案為C。本題考查分隔定語從句的關系詞的選擇。作好本題的關鍵是要能辨認出該定語從句的先行詞the hours和關系詞被介詞短語to me所分隔。定語從句的先行詞是表時間的名詞hours, 并且關系詞在從句中用作狀語，故應選擇表示時間的關系副詞when。
2.___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)A.It B.As C.That D.What 解析：答案為B。本題考查as引導的非限制定語從句。as作“正如??”解時，引導的非限制性定語從句來修飾整個句子。當as在從句中作主語時，常用于下列短語：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。要注意掌握作關系代詞引導定語從句的用法。
3.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.(NMET 1996)A.which B.where C.that D.when 解析：答案為B。本題考查限制性定語從句中關系詞的選擇。定語從句的先行詞是表示地點的名詞短語the small town, 且關系詞不作定語從句中的主語和賓語而作地點狀語，因此定語從句必須用關系副詞where引導。要注意分清先行詞在從句中充當的成分，然后選擇適當的關系詞。
4.The English play my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great
用心 愛心 專心
success.A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which 解析：答案為C?？级ㄕZ從句。主句部分應是The English play at the New Year’s party was a great success.從句補全為獨立句子應是my students acted in the play。所以應選in which，其余介詞不妥。
5.There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands.A.where B.which C.when D.that 解析：答案為A。本題考地點狀語從句，用where引導。句意是“她的褲子上她擦過手的地方有臟痕”。此處不能用時間狀語從句，排除C，本題易被誤認為考定語從句，意為“在她擦過手的褲子上有臟痕”。定語從句修飾trousers，也只能用where。B和D可引導定語從句，但只作主、賓等成分。定語從句缺少狀語，不缺主語、賓語，故不可用。
6.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, the sailing time was 226 days.A.of which B.during which C.from which D.for which 解析：答案為A。本題考定語從句，關系代詞which指代the journey，定語從句恢復為獨立句子應是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days,故選of which。
用心 愛心 專心 5
第五篇：高中英語語法教學設計 定語從句
高中英語語法教學設計：定語從句講解與練習
定語從句在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常
出現在先行詞之后，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。關系副詞有：when, where, why等。
18.1 關系代詞引導的定語從句
關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。1）who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語和賓語。例如：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）2）whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）。例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。3）which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）
The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作賓語）
18.2 關系副詞引導的定語從句
關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。1）關系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于“介詞+ which”結構，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結構交替使用。例如：
There are occasions when（on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？
2）that代替關系副詞，可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介+which”引導的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略。例如：
His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。
18.3 判斷關系代詞與關系副詞
方法一：用關系代詞，還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.這是我去年呆過的山村。
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永遠不會忘記與你共事的日子。
判斷改錯：
（錯）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對）This is the mountain village（which）I visited last year.（對）I'll never forget the days（which）I spent in the countryside.習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞 where, when聯系在一起。此兩題錯在關系詞的誤用上。
方法二：準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分（主、謂、賓、定、狀），也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A.where B.that C.on which D.the one
例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.A.where B.that C.on which D.the one 答案：例1 D，例2 A
例1變為肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2變為肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關系代詞，所以應選D。
而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。
關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關系代詞（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應選擇關系副詞（where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語）。
18.4 限制性和非限制性定語從句
1）定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開。例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）
2）當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理?史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.這本小說很動人，我已經讀了三遍。3）非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液態水變為蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。說明：關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。
18.5 介詞+關系詞
1）介詞后面的關系詞不能省略。2）that前不能有介詞。
3）某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的“介詞+關系詞”結構可以同關系副詞when 和where 互換。例如：
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.這是我兩年前住過的房子。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？
Do you remember the day when you joined our club? 18.6 as, which 非限定性定語從句
由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.太陽使地球暖起來，這對我們人類很重要。典型例題
1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it B.that C.which D.he
答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。
2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it
答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。
3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which C.as D.it 答案B.as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：
（1）as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。（2）as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which.。在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項應為B。
as 的用法
例1.the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結構, 和……一樣……。例如：
I have got into the same trouble as he（has）.我碰到了跟他一樣的麻煩。例2.as可引導非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。例如：
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。
As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是關系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。
18.7 先行詞和關系詞二合一
1）Whoever spits in public will be punished here.（Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）
2）The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用all that代替）
18.8 what/whatever;that/what;who/whoever
1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如：
What you want has been sent here.你要的動詞都送來了。
Whatever you want makes no difference to me.不管你要什么，跟我沒什么關系。2）who= the person that whoever= anyone who。例如：
（錯）Who breaks the law will be punished.（錯）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.（對）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.王子犯法，與庶民同罪。
（對）Who robbed the bank is not clear.誰搶了銀行還不清楚。3）that 和 what
當that引導定語從句時，通常用作關系代詞，而引導名詞性從句時，是個不充當任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that常可省略。What只能引導名詞性從句，用作連接代詞，作從句的具體成分，且不能省略。例如：
I think（that）you will like the stamps.我想你會喜歡這些郵票的。
What we need is more practice.我們需要的是更多的實踐。
18.9 關系代詞that 的用法 1）不用that的情況
a）引導非限定性定語從句時。例如：
（錯）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.b）介詞后不能用。例如：
We depend on the land from which we get our food.我們依賴土地獲得食物。
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2）只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況
a）在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b）在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時，只用that，不用which。
c）先行詞有the only, the very修飾時，只用that。
d）先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that。.e）先行詞既有人，又有物時。例如：
All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問題。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。定語從句練習:
1.This is the train ____ we went to Shanghai.A.by which B.by that C.whose D.where 2.--Have you ever been to Rome?
--No, but that's the city________.A.where I most like to visit B.I'd most like to visit
C.which I like to visit most D.where I'd like most to visit 3.He keeps a record of everything
he had seen there.A.he
B.that
C.which
D.what
4.Mr.John said that Suzhou was the first city
he had visited in China.A.that
B.where
C.which
D.what
5.The TV play I watched last night is the best one I have watched this year.A.which
B.what
C.whose
D.that 6.Is this the museum you visited the other day?
A.that
B.where
C.in which
D.the one 7.This is the very film
I've long wished to see.A.which
B.that
C.who
D.whom
8.There is no difficulty
can't be overcome in the world.A.that
B.which
C.who
D.what
9.Who is the person
is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?
A.who
B.that
C.which
D.whom
10.As a teacher, I seldom give my students so difficult a problem ______they can not work out.A.that B.if C.in order that D.as
11.The house the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery（托兒所）.A.that
B.where
C.what
D.when
12.This is the last time
I shall come here to help you.A.that
B.which
C.when
D.what
13.My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, was very kind of them.A.who
B.that
C.which
D.whom 14.I now know why Mao impresses everyone who meets him whit the way _________-he behaves.A.which
B.what
C.／
D.how 15.This is the baby
tomorrow.A.after whom I shall look B.whom I shall look after
C.whose I shall look after D.after whom I shall look after 16.She was no longer the woman
she was.A.that
B.which
C.what
D.her 17.That's the hotel last year.A.which we stayed B.at that we stayed C.Where we stayed at D.where we stayed 18.The doctor did all to save the wounded boy.A.what he could B.That he could
C.everything which he could D.for which he could do 19.Anyone
this opinion may speak out.A.that againsts B.that against C.who is against D.who are against 20.The place
you are standing used to be an old church.A.which
B.where
C.that
D.when 21.You've made the same mistake you made last time.A.as
B.like
C.which
D.that
22.It is not such an interesting magazine
I thought.A.as
B.that
C.which
D.／ 23.you know, he is a famous musician.A.As
B.which
C.That
D.／
24.Mr Zhou，native language was Chinese, could read and write several foreign languages.A.whose
B.his
C.which
D.that
25.I took my friend to the Summer Palace，we had some photos taken.A.where
B.which
C.that
D.／ 26.Do you remember the day your sister graduated as a Master of Arts? A.which B.on which C.about which
D.／
27.The bus, was already full, was surrounded by an angry crowd.A.which of most
B.most of which C.which of the most D.most of that 28.We all remember the days we studied together at school.A.which B.that C.when D.／
29.Do you know the reason
he didn't come? A.that
B.which
C.for
D.why
30.He is the only one of the three got the new idea.A.who have B.whom have C.who has D.whose had 31.I'm one of the students well in English in my class.A.who does
B.who do
C.which does
D.who did 32．-Have you read the books?
-Yes, I’ve read all the books _____ you gave me.A.which B.what C.that D.who
33.This is the very place _____ the anti-Japanese soldiers fought over sixty years ago.A.that B.which C.where D.there
34.That young girl is not the one _____ she used to be.A.that B.who C.whom D.what
35.He has four dogs, the biggest _____ is called Wang Wang.A.that B.about which C.of which D.which
36.The old lady had one son and two daughters, _____ treated her well, ____ made her very sad.A.all of them;which B.none of whom;which C.both of whom;which D.neither of whom;that
37.The hard-working farmers and their happy life_____ we saw in the countryside made a wonderful impression on us.A.whom B.who C.which D./ 38.The young fellow standing under the tree, ____ is good at English, is from Beijing.A.who B.which C.when D.that
39.We visited the factory _____ makes toys for children.A.where B.which C.in which D.at which
40.They said that the host had enough glasses for each guest, _____ were handed down from his grandfather.A.who B.that C.which D.Whose 41.This is all_____I know about the matter.A.that B.what C.which D.whether 42.This is the job _____they laughed.A.which B.that C.at that D.at which
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