第一篇：定語從句講解及練習

定語從句用法小結

概念: 在復合句中，修飾一個名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句；被定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞；定語從句必須放在先行詞之后；引導定語從句的詞叫關聯詞。如：

關聯詞: 關系代詞that，which，who，whom，whose和關系副詞where，when，why等。關系代詞和關系副詞在定語從句中都充當一定的句法成份。關系代詞在從句中充當動詞的賓語時一般可以省略。

關系代詞的選用比較復雜，受下列條件的制約：

(1)要看先行詞是指人還是指物，(2)要看關系代詞在從句中句法功能，(3)要看定語從句是限定性的還是非限定性的。

在定語從句中充當的成分

指人

指物

指人或指物

主語 who

which

that 賓語 whom which

that 謂語 whose whose(of which)

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that 只能用在限定性定語從句中，而who, whom, which既可用于限定性定語從句中，也可用于非限定性定語從句。

I know that he is a man who means what he says.I know that he is a man that means what he says.我知道他是一個守信用的人。

The gentleman whom she met addressed her with courtesy.The gentleman that she met addressed her with courtesy.她遇到的那位先生很有禮貌地向

她打了招呼。

The watch which was lost has been found.The watch that was lost has been found.丟了的表找到了。

Here is the material that you need.Here is the material you need.你要的材料在這兒了。

You are the only one whose advice he might listen to.他也就是聽你的話吧。

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關系副詞的選用: 如果先行詞是表示時間的名詞，如time, day 等，則用when, 如先行詞為表示地點的名詞，如place, house, area 等等，則選用where。如果先行詞為reason 則選用why

I will never forget the mountain village where I spent my childhood.I will never forget the mountain village in which I spent my childhood.我永遠也不會忘記我度過童年的那個小山村。

I don’t know the reason why he did that.I don’t know the reason for which he did that.我不知道他為什么這么做。

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當先行詞是all, something, nothing 等不定代詞時，或者先行詞的前面有first, last, few 1 only, , much, some, any, no 等詞修飾時，或者先行詞的前面有最高級修飾時，一般只用that 而不用which 來引導定語從句：

I have explained everything that I can to you.我已經盡一切可能把事情向你解釋得一清二楚。

That’s all that I know.我知道的就是這些。

Can you tell me something that you know? 你能把你知道的一些情況告訴我嗎？ There is nothing that I cannot tell you.我沒有什么不能告訴你的事情。

The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.我們應該做的頭一件事就是訂一個計劃。

The last place that we visited was the farm.我們最后參觀的地方是農場。

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還有一種定語從句，它的結構是：the same … as… , such … as

這里的as 可以指人或物，且引導的是限定性定語從句：

Such furniture as is very popular is expensive.一種很受歡迎的家具價錢昂貴。

We have successfully done the same experiment as you did.你做過的那個試驗我們已經成功地做完了。

It wasn’t such a computer as the advertisement had promised.這種電腦可不是廣告中說的那種電腦。

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限定性定語從句與主句關系密切，為句中不可缺少的部分，如去掉，則主句意思不完整。而非限定性定語從句與主句關系松散，如果去掉了，主句內容仍然完整。在書面語中非限定性定語從句一般用逗號隔開。非限定性定語從句一般不用that 引導。引導非限定性定語從句的關系詞不可省略。

His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on.他的講話沒完沒了，真讓人煩。

The general’s daughter, whose name is Jane, gave me a sweet smile.將軍的女兒名叫珍妮。她沖我笑了笑，笑得好甜啊。

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非限定性定語從句中，先行詞也可以是整個句子，一般用which 或as 來引導定語從句；which在從句中可充當主語、賓語等，而as 在從句中一般只充當主語；which 與as 引導這類定語從句的區別在于：which 只能放在句子當中或句子末尾，而as 的位置比較靈活，可以放在句子當中、句子末尾，也可以放在句首。

As is known to all, too much stress can cause disease.Too much stress can cause disease, as is known to all.Too much stress can cause disease, which is known to all.眾所周知，壓力太大了，人會得病的。

Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which is known to all.Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, as is known to all.眾所周知，水是由氫和氧組成的。

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關系代詞在定語從句中有時也作介詞的賓語。如果介詞被置于關系代詞前，一般只用介詞加which 或介詞加whom，而不用介詞加that來引導定語從句。如果介詞被置于從句句末，則可以使用that來代替which或whom，這時的that可以省略。

This is the ring on which she spent 1,000 dollars.這就是她花了一千美元買的那枚戒指。

One of my students whom you are familiar with will come.將要來的那個學生你也認識。1.In an hour, we can travel to places __________ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A.where B.when C.which D.what 2.His movie won several awards at the film festival, __________ was beyond his wildest dream.A.which B.that C.where D.it 3.We went through a period __________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A.which B.whose C.in which D.with which 4.Mozart’s birthplace and the house __________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.A.where B.when C.there D.which 5.Wind power is an ancient source of energy __________ we may return in the near future.A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which 6.Children who are not active or __________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A.what B.where C.what D.that 7.As a child, Jack studied in a village school, __________ is named after his grandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.that 8.I refuse to accept the blame for something __________ was someone else’s fault.A.who B.that C.as D.what 9.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of __________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.A.whom B.which C.them D.those 10.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister __________ she would stay for an hour.A.where B.who C.which D.what 11.The newly-built cafe, the walls of __________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.A.that B.it C.what D.which

12.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school __________ I met in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which 13.— What do you think of teaching, Bob?

— I find it fun and challenging.It is a job __________ you are doing something serious but interesting.A.where B.which C.when D.that 14.It’s helpful to put children in a situation __________ they can see themselves differently.A.that B.when C.which D.where 15.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone __________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A.if B.when C.which D.since 16.Gun control is a subject __________ Americans have argued for a long time.A.of which B.with which C.about which D.into which 17.I have reached a point in my life __________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.which B.where C.how D.why 18.The man pulled out a gold watch, __________ were made of small diamonds.A.the hands of whom B.whom the hands of C.which the hands of D.the hands of which 19.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A.where B.when C.who D.which 20.It is reported that two schools, __________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year.A.they both B.which both C.both of them D.both of which 4

第二篇：定語從句講解及練習

定語從句講解及練習

一、定義：在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。如：1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2)You must do everything that I do.上面兩句中的man和everything是定語從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語從句放在先行詞的后面。* 引導定語從句的詞有關系代詞that, which, who(賓格whom, 所有格whose)和關系副詞where, when、why * 關系詞常有三個作用：

1、引導定語從句

2、代替先行詞

3、在定語從句中擔當一個成分

二、關系代詞引導的定語從句 * 1.who指人，在從句中做主語(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.* 2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當賓語，?？墒÷?。(1)Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about.注意：關系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。(2)The man(who/whom)you met just now is my friend.* 3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(which 在句子中做主語)(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中做賓語)* 4.that指人時，相當于who或者whom；指物時，相當于which，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(1)The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主語)(2)Where is the man（that/whom）I saw this morning?(在句子中做賓語)* 5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時，常用以下結構來代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? * 具體使用時還要注意下列問題：

1、只能使用that,不用which 的情況：

* 1）當先行詞是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它們修飾

時。Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以為你做的嗎？

All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必須做。* 2）當先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是這家書店出售的最有趣的書之一。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我們該做的第一件事是弄點吃的。

* 3）當先行詞有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修飾時。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的項鏈不僅是丟掉的東西。* 4）當主句以who或which開頭時，定語從句中引導詞用that ,不用which 或 who，以避免重復。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件紅色外套的女孩子是誰？ * 5）當先行詞既有人又有物時，用that。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你剛才談起的那位作家以及他的小說確實很著名。

2、只用which不用that的情況： * 1)關系代詞前有介詞時； e.g.This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.* 2)非限定性定語從句中；作賓語用的關系代詞也不能省略。e.g.That necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.* 3)先行詞本身是that時；

e.g.The clock is that which tells the time 非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常是引導詞和先行詞之間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。（非限)There is somebody here who wants to speak to you這里有人要和你說話(限制性)* 4)which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數情況下意思是與and this 相似，并可以指人。

He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy.* 關系代詞 whom，which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間，有時為了關系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書寫，的工廠。(引導詞that作定語從句“(that)they visited last month”的賓語，that可以省略)

* 注意：不要以為在時間名詞后就一定用關系副詞when，在地點名詞后就一定用關系而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.* 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.三、關系副詞引導的定語從句

*

1、when：當主句中的先行詞(即主句中被后面定語從句修飾的詞)是表示時間意義的名詞時，它只能作定語從句的時間狀語，放在定語從句句首。如果定語從句的引導詞是作該定語從句的主語或賓語，則要改用關系代詞that或which來引導。例如：

I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.The days when we used foreign oil are gone.我們用洋油的日子一去不復返了。I'll never forget the day when I was born.(=I'll never forget my birthday.)我永遠不會忘記我出生的日子。

It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.這事發生在天氣又濕又冷的十一月。

The day(that)I always remember in all my life is my birthday.我一生中最難忘的日子是我的生日。(that作定語從句“that I always remember in all my life”的賓語，that可以省略)*

2、where：當主句中的先行詞是表示地點意義的名詞時，它只能作其所在的定語從句的地點狀語，放在定語從句的句首。如果定語從句的引導詞作該定語從句的主語或賓語時，也要改用關系代詞that或which來引導。例如：

The factory where his father works is in the east of the city This is the room where(＝in which)I lived last year.這就是我去年住過的房間。

Is this the classroom where(=in which)the old worker is going to make/give us a report? 這就是那位老工人要給我們做報告的教室嗎？

Let's look for a place where we can swim.咱們找一個可以游泳的地方吧。The building that is being built over there will be a new hospital.正在那邊建的樓房將是一家新醫院。(引導詞that作定語從句“that is being built over there”的主語)That is the factory(that)they visited last month.那就是他們上個月參觀過

副詞 where，在表示原因的the reason后就一定用關系副詞why。到底選用關系副詞還是關系代詞，關鍵是看它們在從句中是用作狀語(用關系副詞)還是用作主語或賓語(用關系代詞)。

如：Don’t forget the time(that)I’ve told you.不要忘記我告訴你的時間。(that用作told的賓語)

I’ll never forget the days when I worked with you.我永遠不會忘記我與你共事的日子。(when用作狀語)

He works in a factory that /which makes radio parts.他在一家制造無線電零件的工廠工作。(that/ which 在從句中用作主語，且不能省略)

He works in the factory where his father worked.他在他父親工作過的那家工廠工作。(where作狀語)

That’s the reason(that /which)he explained to us.那就是他向我們解釋的理由。(that或which在從句中用作explained的賓語)

That’s the reason why she left home.那就是她離家出走的原因。(why在從句中作狀語)

* 英語中的關系副詞主要是 when, where, why三個，不要想當然地將how用作關系副詞修飾the way。

如不說 This is the way how he spoke，可改為 This is how he spoke(how引導的是表語從句)，當然也可說成 This is the way(that/ in which)he spoke.(其中的that/ in which可省略)

* 另外，when和where可引導限制性和非限制性定語從句，而why則只用于引導限制性定語從句，不用于引導非限制性定語從句。

Sunday is a holiday , when people do not go to work.星期天是假日，（這天）人們不上班。

He took us into the classroom , where there were only a few students.他把我們帶進教室，那兒只有少數幾個學生。

* 在定語從句的使用中，one of后面的名詞是復數，這個復數名詞制約后面的定語從句的謂語動詞，用復數； 而在one of 前面有the或 the only時，后面引導的定語從句中的謂語動詞則用單數形式。

He is the only one of the students who is elected?

Jasper is one of those people who know about the accident.定 語 從 句 練習

一、用關系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whose 1.This is the man ________ wants to see you.2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man __________ you went to see has come.4.The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.5.The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher.6.The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there.7.The person ______________ you should write to is Mr.Ball.8.The man ___________was passing by saw what happened.9.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.10.These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.11.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12.A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time.13.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.14.A dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the word.15.The book ____________ is on the table is mine.16.The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting.17.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.18.Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? 19.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.20.The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English.二、單項選擇

()1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose()2.What’s the name of the program________.A.which are listening B.you are listening to C.to that you are listening D.that you are listening()3.The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.A.in which B.in that this C.all that D.in everything()4.He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A.whom B.whose C.that D.which()5.This is the museum______ we visited last year.A.where B.in which C.which D.in that()6.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.that B.what C.which D.who()7.Do you know the student_____? A.whom I often talk B.with who I often talk

C.I often talk with D.that I often talk()8.I like the house_____ windows face south.A.whose B.who’s

C.it's D.its()9.Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?

A.what I need B.I need C.which I need it D.that I need it()10.The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A.who B.to whom C.whom D.that（）

11、Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?

A.that

B.where

C.in which

D.the one（）

12、Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one（）

13、Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one（）

14、Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ______ in China.A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working（）

15、Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn

B.who

C.that learns D.who learn（）

16、We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.A.which

B.whom

C.who

D.that

（）

17、He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what

第三篇：定語從句講解和練習

定 語 從 句

在復合句中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。它的作用相當于形容詞, 用來修飾主句中的某一個名詞或代詞或整個主句，所以也稱之為形容詞性從句。引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞, 關系詞除起連接作用外還在句中擔當一定的句子成分.被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。根據關系詞在從句中充當成分的不同,關系詞可分為

關系代詞: who, whom(people), which(things), that, whose 關系副詞: when, where, why。

Who 指人, 在從句中作主語

e.g.Your friend who studies in the college came to see you yesterday.This is the man who helped me.Whom 指人, 在從句中作動詞或介詞的賓語 e.g.The man whom you want to see has come.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.注：whom 通常被省略或用who/that 替換。常用于非限制性定于從句。Which 指物, 在從句中作主語,賓語，Which 在作賓語時可省略。e.g.Here is the book which tells about grammar.I have found the car which you lost yesterday.有時候，定語從句指的不是它前面的名詞，而是整個句子 e.g.He showed me a photo which upset me.He tore up my photo, which upset me.正確使用關系代詞, a.關系代詞前要有名詞(代詞)b.關系代詞在所引導的定語從句中要充當主語,賓語 c.否則,關系代詞前要接介詞, 該介詞可移至句尾.e.g.He is a man whom I enjoy working with.Whom 前有名詞, whom是賓格, 在從句中作賓語。Enjoy 後的動名詞working是由不及物 動詞轉化Whom 不能直接作賓語, 所以要加介詞。e.g.He is a man for/ with whom I enjoy working.For 可移至句尾：e.g.He is a man whom I enjoy working with/ for.Whom/ which 作介詞后作賓語時不能省略.限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句

非限定性定語從句用于對主句先行詞的補充說明，沒有它不影響主句意思的完整，常用逗號把主句和從句分開。從句中作賓語的關系代詞不能省略。

e.g.We were given a lovely double room, which had a sea view.I, who am blind, advise you to use your eyes well.專有名詞, 如: John, Peter, Beijing 獨一性名詞, 如: my father/mother, my school 被定語從句修飾時, 由于本身具有特殊性,不需被定語從句加以限定。e.g.I like John, who works hard.I like my school, which is famous.限定性定語從句用于對主句先行詞加以限制或分類，是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間不能用逗號分開。

普通名詞不具有特殊性,定語從句為先行詞不可缺少的定語,省

去了則主句的意思就會不完整.從句前不可加逗號.e.g.I like the boy who studies hard.Is this the book which you were looking for.作關系代詞的 that 的用法: that 可以代替who, whom, which, 可指人,物，在從句中作主語, 賓語, 表語。e.g.Who is the man that is reading the newspaper.He is the man(whom/ that)I can trust.The letter(that /which)I received was from my father.注：作表語表身份時只能用that: e.g.He is not the man(who ×)that he was ten years ago.He is not the happy boy that he used to be.The teacher that you are should know how to teach grammar.在限制性定于從句中，用that替換其他關系代詞who, whom, which 應注意: 1.其前不可置介詞

2.其前不可有逗點(不可用于非限定性定語從句)e.g.The earth on which we live is a big ball.The earth that / which we live on is a big ball.由that 引導的定語從句

1.先行詞為不定代詞：all/ both/ neither/ none/ either/ each/ other/ others/ another/ much/ many/ few/ little/ one/ some/ anything/ nothing/everything等 e.g.All that we can do is to believe her.Is there anything that I can do for you.Much you have read is nonsense.2.先行詞被形容詞最高級, 序數詞, 修飾時

e.g.The first lesson that he gave was interesting.It is the most beautiful park that I have ever been to.This is the best that can be done now.3.先行詞被不定代詞all, every, no, some, any, little, few, much, each等, 和the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時 e.g.This is the very dictionary that I want.The only thing that we could do was to wait.You may borrow any book that interest you.I have read all the books(that)you gave me.4.先行詞為數詞時

e.g.I caught two fish yesterday.Now you can see the two that are still alive.5.先行詞既有人又有物

e.g.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are well known.6.如果有兩個定語從句, 應避免重復

e.g.The student that was punished is the monitor who studies hard.He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.7.當句中已有who/ which時,定語從句要用that 而不用who(m)/ which e.g.Who is the person that is standing at the gate.Who is the man that is reading the newspaper? Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this.Of whom/which, etc.名詞和不定代詞(some, any, none, all, both, several, enough, many and few)可以和 of whom/ of which 連用

e.g.It’s a family of eight children, all of whom are studying music.He has written a book, the name of which I have forgotten.We’ve tested these boots, none of which is completely waterproof.這種結構也可以和表數量（quantity）和最高級（the superlatives）連用 e.g.a number of whom/three of which/half of which The majority of whom/the youngest of whom Of whom/which 在從句中作主語時，有以下兩種結構

e.g.Do you see the house the windows of which are all broken?(of which the windows)The eighty passengers, ten of whom were British, all escaped.(of whom ten)

定語從句和不定式

介詞 + 關系代詞 可以和不定式連用

e.g.We moved to the country so the children would have a garden in which to play.沒有介詞，不能用這種結構 I can’t think of anybody whom to invite.即使有介詞，這種結構也非常正式和不常見的，我們常用更簡單的結構。(?a garden to play in;?neighbours to quarrel with).Which as determiner 有時用抽象名詞(case, point, reason, situation, time等)來總結主句的內容時，which 可以用作限定詞，構成‘介詞+which+抽象名詞’ 構成定語從句?？梢院兔~連用的這種結構很正式，常用在介詞之后，對所提的事進行不從說明。

e.g.He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go home.Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight.It rained all night, during which time the ship broke in pieces.Whose 為關系代詞所有格, 由his/ her/ their/ my/ your/ its 等所有格變化而成.在引導的定語從句中作定語,可指人/物

e.g.This is John, whose father is a teacher.People whose home are in town want to live in the country.使用whose時要遵守下列原則

1.whose之前要有名詞

2.whose之后的名詞在從句中要做主語,賓語 3.否則, whose 之前要有介詞,介詞可移至句尾 e.g.I like John, whose father I don’t like.I like John, whose brother I want to make friends with.可用 the...of which/ of which...the 替換

e.g.I don’t like the building whose roof is blue.I don’t like the building the roof of which is blue.I don’t like the building of which the roof is blue.Of which除可以表示所屬關系外，還可用來表示整體和部分的關系，而whose 不能。e.g.He borrowed a book of which the author was a peasant.The Chinese team got 16 gold medals, of which 12 were won by women.What 關系代詞 that 指代其前面的名詞，重復其語義.what 不是重復前面名詞，而是包括名詞的語義what = the things that?

e.g.I gave her just the money she needed.I gave her just what she needed.The thing that I’d like is a digital watch.What I’d like is a digital watch.As 關系代詞,常用在 the same...as/ such...as/ as...as 句型中 The same...as e.g.(主)He is the same person as come here yesterday.(賓)I have the same book as he is reading.(表)He is not the same man as he used to be.Such...as e.g.He is not such a man as will tell a lie.He is not such a bad man as you just talked about.Such a good student as he is will succeed.As...as e.g.He has as much money as is required.I have as many books as you(do).He is as good a student as Mary(is).Such...as引導定語從句/such...that結果狀語從句

e.g.They talked in such simple English as children could understand.They talked in such simple English that children could understand it.I will provide you with such things as you may need.He shut the window with such a force that the glass broke.The same...as 兩物相似/the same...that描述的是同一物 e.g.This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.As引導非限定性定語從句，代表主句或主句的一部分所表達的意思（通常不能指代某個名詞或代詞），可以放在主句前、后或中間，在從句中作主語、賓語或表語，表示 ‘正如.../ 正像...’ A主語

e.g.As be said(announced, reported, known, seen, mentioned)As was reported on TV, the plane crashed.B賓語 e.g.As we know/as we all can see...C表語 e.g.As he is, he seems clever.which 引導非限定性定語從句一般不能放在主句前，而as 引導非限定性定語從句可放在句未，也可放在句中、句首。在句首時不能用which 替換。e.g.Crusoe lost his dog, which made him very sad Taiwan is part of China, as/which is known to all.As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.3.as引導非限定性定語從句時，意為“這一點、這件事”，常與 see，hope，expect，know，guess等動詞搭配；which引導非限定性定語從句與主句有一種因果關系，可譯為“所以??”。e.g.Cyprus, as you all know, is in the Mediterranean.Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light.非限定性定語從句中，謂語動詞是連系動詞時，可以用as/which作主語。如果從句謂語動詞 是行為動詞，則必須用which。

e.g.He married her, as was natural.She refused to take the medicine, which made her mother angry.It rained hard yesterday, which prevented her from going to Shenyang.He is absent, as is often the case.But 的用法

But本身具有否定意義，相當于who/which/that...not But的先行詞往往是否定意義的代詞或名詞詞組，用雙重否定表強烈肯定 But的這一用法常見于在從句中作主語

There is no one but knows about this affair.(who doesn’t know about)There are few dictionaries but have a misprint or two.(that don’t have)

Than 的用法

用作關系代詞時，可在從句中作主語，其后直接接謂語。Don’t give him more money than is necessary.He smoked fewer cigarettes than were available.先行詞被比較級修飾,用關系代詞than連接 He did more than was required.The room is much bigger than suited my purpose.沒有明確的先行詞，有時把than看作連詞，其后省略了it。但實際使用中，than后從來不補上it，因為than本身在從句中可用作主語。

定 語 從 句 練習

用適當的詞填空

1.He is the teacher usually helps us out.2.Who’s the teacher is in a red dress? 3.He is the teacher daughter won the first prize yesterday.4.I’ll tell you all he told me last month.5.I’ll tell you he told me last month.6.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.7.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.8.There are 2,000 workers here, two thirds of are women.9.we know now, bats come out only at night.10.Crousoe’s dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.單句改錯

1.This is one of the best books which have ever been written.2.She is the girl whom I guess is a good student.3.This is the mountain which the top is always covered with snow.4.All is needed is a supply of oil.5.This is the new type of plane which parts are made in China.6.They talked about the people and things which they saw on their way to school.7.Is this museum the one which you visited last Saturday? 8.The boy with who John spoke is my brother.9.Will you please lend me the very book which you bought yesterday? 10.He lived in London for 3 years, during that time he learned some English.單項填空

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.Where C.What D./ 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 4.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The thief handed everything he had stolen to the police.A.which B.what C.whatever D.that 7.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.--Why does she always ask you for help?--There is no one else , is there? A.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom to turn D.for her to turn 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./ 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 20.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who

參考答案及解析

1.ACDBA DCAAA CBDAD DDBAD

第四篇：高中英語-定語從句講解及練習

定語從句

定語從句及相關術語

1.定語從句：修飾一個名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。2.關系詞：引導定語從句的關聯詞稱為關系詞，關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；關系副詞有where, when, why等。關系詞常有3個作用：1，引導定語從句。2，代替先行詞。3在定語從句中擔當一個成分。

定語從句是由關系代詞或關系副詞引導的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個名詞性成分，相當于形容詞，所以又稱為形容詞性從句．

２ 定語

（一）限定性定語從句

1.that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們在從句中作主語或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時?？墒÷躁P系詞，which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置

2.which作賓語時，根據先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟

3.代表物時多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括當先行詞是anything, everything, nothing ,few, all, none, little, some等代詞時，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時等，這時的that常被省略

4.who和whom引導的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時，要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語

5.where是關系副詞，用來表示地點的定語從句

6.when引導定語從句表示時間［注］值得一提的是，表示時間“time“一詞的定語從句只用when引導，有時不用任何關系代詞，當然也不用that引導

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是關系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當于所修飾成分的前置所有格.它引導的從句可以修飾人和物, 當它引導的從句修飾物體時, 可以與 of which 調換,表達的意思一樣.8.當從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時，常用there is來引導

There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.這里有人要和你說話。

（二）非限定性定語從句

非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常是引導詞和先行詞之間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1.which引導的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句的某一部分

2.當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的，例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.這本小說很動人，我已經讀了三遍。

3.非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數，例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液態水變為蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。

4.有時as也可用作關系代詞

5.在非限定性定語從句中，不能用關系副詞why和關系代詞that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物.；

（三）關系代詞引導的定語從句

1.who指人，在從句中做主語

(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當賓語，常可省略。

(1)Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about on the bus.(2)Mr.Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：關系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。

(3)The man who/whom you met just now is my friend

3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略

(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.如果在從句中做賓語,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.如果是在從句中作主語就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book.4.that指人時，相當于who或者whom；指物時，相當于which。

在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。

(5)The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6)Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語

(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時，常用以下結構來代替

(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4)The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

(6)Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

（四）注意

介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句關系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時

從句常由介詞+關系代詞引導

(1)The school(that/which)he once studied in is very famous.(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine(that/which)you asked for.(4)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5)We’ll go to hear the famous singer(whom/that/who)we have often talked about.(6)We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：1.含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

(1)This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(T)

(2)This is the watch for which I am looking.(F)

2.若介詞放在關系代詞前，關系代詞指人時用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時用which，不能用that；關系代詞是所有格時用whose

(1)The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)

(2)The man with that you talked is my friend.(F)

(3)The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.(T)

(4)The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.(F)

3.“介詞+關系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數詞

(1)He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2)In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3)There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.（五）關系副詞引導的定語從句

1.when指時間，在定語從句中做時間狀語

(1)I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2)The time when we got together finally came.2.where指地點，在定語從句中做地點狀語

(1)Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2)The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3.why指原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語

(1)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2)I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：關系副詞引導的從句可以由“介詞+關系代詞”引導的從句替換

(1)The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear，(2)From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3)Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.（六）判斷關系代詞與關系副詞

方法一： 用關系代詞，還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。不及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關系副詞或者是介詞加關系代詞；而及物動詞后接賓語，則要求用關系代詞。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.判斷改錯（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。）

（錯）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對）This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.（對）I'll never forget the days(which)I spent in the countryside.習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞 where, when聯系在一起。此兩題錯在關系詞的誤用上。

方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?

A.where B.that C.on which D.the one

例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held?

A.where B.that C.on which D.the one答案：

例1 D，例2 A

例1變為肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2變為肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關系代詞，所以應選D。

而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。

關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose)；

先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應選擇關系副詞(where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語)。

（七）介詞+關系詞

1）介詞后面的關系詞不能省略。

2）that前不能有介詞。

3）某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的”介詞+關系詞“結構可以同關系副詞when ,where和why 互換。This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

This is the reason why he came late.This is the reason for which he came late.（八）先行詞和關系詞二合一

1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)

（九）as,which引導的非限定性定語從句

由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.典型例題

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it B.that C.which D.he

答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it

答案B。

which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which C.as D.it

答案B.as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：

(1）as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。

(2）as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which.。

在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項應為B。

As 的用法例

1.the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結構, 和……一樣……。

I have got into the same trouble as he(has).例2.as可引導非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As is knew, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是關系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；

例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。

（十）關系代詞that 的用法

(1)不用that的情況

(a)在引導非限定性定語從句時。

(錯)The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.(b)介詞后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.(2)只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況

(a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

(b)在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時，只用that，不用which。

(c)先行詞有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修飾時，只用that。

(d)先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that。.(e)先行詞既有人，又有物時。

(f)先行詞指物，在主句中作表語時．

(g)為了避免重復．

(h)先行詞是the way時

舉例：

Is this the book that you borrowed in the library?

這是你在圖書館借的那本書嗎？

Who that break the window should be punished．

誰打碎了窗戶都要受到懲罰．

All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問題。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。

（十一）難點分析

（一）限制性定語從句只能用that的幾種情況

1．當先行詞是anything, everything, nothing(something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代詞時，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時

(1)Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li has said?

(2)There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.(3)All that can be done has been done.(4)There is little that I can do for you.注意：當先行詞指人時，偶爾也可以用who

(4)Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.2.當先行詞被序數詞修飾

(1)The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3.當先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時

(1)This is the best film that I have seen.4.當形容詞被the very, the only 修飾時

(1)This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy，(2)After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.當先行詞指人時，偶爾也可以用who

(3)Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting？

5.當先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時

(1)Who is the man that is standing there?

(2)Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?

6.當先行詞既有人，也有動物或者物體時

(1)Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

（二）關系代詞as和which引導的定語從句as和which引導非限制性定語從句，有相同之處也有不同之處。具體情況是：

1．As和which都可以在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，代表前面整個句子。

(1)He married her, as/which was natural.(2)He was honest, as/which we can see.2.as 引導非限制性定語從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個主句；which引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思

(1)As is known to all, China is a developing country.(2)He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.(3)John, as you know, is a famous writer.(4)He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.注意：當主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關系時，常用which

(5)Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.3.當先行次受such, the same修飾時，常用as

(1)I have never heard such a story as he tells.(2)He is not such a fool as he looks.(3)This is the same book as I lost last week.注意：當先行詞由the same修飾時，偶爾也用that引導定語從句，但是和由as所引導的定語從句意思不同

(4)She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.她穿著她在MARY婚禮上穿過的一條裙子。

(5)She wore the same dress as her young sister wore.她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。

(三）以the way為先行詞的定語從句通常由in which, that引導，而且通?？梢允÷?。

(1)The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.(四)but有時也可以做關系詞引導定語從句

(1)There are very few but understand his idea.(but= who don’t)

(五)區分定語從句和同位語從句

1．定語從句修飾先行詞，它和先行詞是修飾關系；

同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內容，是補充說明的關系

(1)The plane that has just taken off is for London.定語從句

(2)The fact that he has been dead is clear.同位語從句

2．定語從句由關系代詞或者關系副詞引導，關系詞在句中充當成分，有時可以省略；

同位語從句主要由that引導，在句中一般不做成分；

句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等詞引導，充當成分

(1)The news he told me is true.(2)The news that he has just died is true.(3)The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.定語

(4)The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.3.同位語從句和先行詞一般可以用be動詞發展成一個完整的句子，而定語從句不可以

(1)The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.同位語

(2)The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.(3)The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.(4)The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.18.定語從句

定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之后，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。

關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

關系副詞有： when, where, why等。

18.1 關系代詞引導的定語從句

關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）

2)Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。

Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

3）which, that

它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）

The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語）

［定語從句］介詞+關系詞

1）介詞后面的關系詞不能省略。

2）that前不能有介詞。

3）某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的”介詞+關系詞"結構可以同關系副詞when 和where 互換。例如：

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.這是我兩年前住過的房子。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？ 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club？

第五篇：定語從句講解與練習

定語從句講解與練習

在復合句中修飾名詞和代詞的從句叫做定語從句.被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞.引導定語從句的關系代詞有who, which, that,關系代詞在定語從句中做主語,賓語,定語.(作賓語時可省略，放在介詞后不可省。)

一.由 who, 引導的定語從句,who在從句中做主語(口語中也可做賓語),修飾表示人的先行詞.例如:

This is the man who helped me.Do you know the comrade who spoke just now ?

The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.二.that引導的定語從句,that在從句中做主語或賓語,修飾表示人或物的先行詞,作賓語時可省略,不能放在介詞后面作賓語.The letter(that//which)I received was from my father.I can’t find the letter that//which came this morning.Do you still remember the days(that//which)we spent together ? This is the man that//who helped me.The house(that//which)we live in is not large.=The house in which we live is not large.The doctor(that//whom //who)you are looking for is in the room.三.which引導的定語從句,which在從句中做主語,也可做賓語,或介詞的賓語,修飾表示物的先行詞.先行詞可以是詞、短語、句子。

This is the book(which/that)you want.The building which//that stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(介詞后面的which不能省略)

The house(which/that)we live in is not large.This is the watch(which/that)he was looking for.(在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中,介詞只能放在動詞之后,不能放在which之前)

四、that 和which 都可以修飾表示物的先行詞,1.但是下列情況只能用that.①.先行詞為不定代詞all, few, little, much, everything, nothing 等.All(that)you have to do is to practise every day.There isn’t much(that)I can do.②.先行詞被序數詞或形容詞的最高級所修飾時.The first lesson(that)I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.③.先行詞被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等不定代詞修飾時.I have read all the books(that)you gave me.④.先行詞被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修飾時.The white flower is the only one that I really like.This is the very book that I want to read.This is the same book that I want to read.(同一本書)

----This is the same book as I want to read.⑤.當主句以who或 which 開頭的特殊疑問句時,定語從句that 引

導.Who is the man that is standing there ?

Which of us that knows something about physics doesn’t know this ?

⑥先行詞既有人又有物時。

We talked about the persons and things that we could remember.⑦time做先行詞，前面如果有序數詞或 last 來修飾時，定語從句用 that 來引導或省略；如果沒有序數詞或 last 來修飾時，既可用 when也可用that來引導。

This is the last time(that)I shall give you a lesson.The first time(that)I saw him was in 1972.It’s time(that)we got up.2.that不能置于介詞之后（介詞后指物用which,指人用whom）The person to whom I am speaking just now is our English teacher.The prize for which he worked so hard was a new bicycle.五．定語從句中的主謂一致

引導詞在定語從句中作主語時，其謂語動詞人稱和數要根據引導詞所指內容而定。

1.Here are some sentences that are often used by the students.(as指代sentences，謂語動詞用are)。

2.I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.(who指代I, 謂語用am.)。

3.He was one of the students who were praised for it.(who指代the students)他是被表揚的學生之一。

4.He was the only one of the students who was praised for it.(who 指the only one)他是唯一被表揚的學生。

I、用that、which、who、填空

This is the man ____wants to see you.The man ___ you went to see has come.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.The first thing ___________ we should do is to clean the room.You should do all _________I told you to do.The book has nothing_____________interests me.This is the best film ________ has been shown this year.He took away everything __________ belonged to him.This is the very person___I need.I have read all the books__you gave me.He is the only person _____is right.I have read every book ___I can find.They talked much _________ had nothing to do with the matter.There is little ________ I can give you.I will never forget the day ____________ I spent with you.二、單項選擇

1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose

2.The students were all interested ____ you told them

yesterday.A.in whichB.in that thisC.all thatD.in everything

3.He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which

4.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who

5.Would you tell me where to get the dictionary_____?

A.what I needB.I needC.which I need itD.that I need it

6.The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A.who is singingB.is singingC.sangD.was singing

7.Didn’t you see the man ________?

A.I nodded just nowB.whom I nodded just now

C.I nodded to him just nowD.I nodded to just now

8.Is there anything else______ you require ?

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what

9.The last place _______ we visited was the Great Wall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it

10.He talked happily about the men and books ______ interested him greatly in the school.A.whichB.that

C.whoD.when

11.Do you know the man _________?

A.whom I spokeB.to who I spokeC.I spoke toD.that I spoke

12.This is one of the best films ________ this year.A.have been shownB.that have shown

C.that have been shownD.which has been shown

13.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn ?

A.thatBxC.whichD.it

14.I’ve read all the books ______ were borrowed from the library.A.thatB.xC.whichD.they

15.Jack is the only one of my friends who ______ helping me paint my house.A.isB areC.wasD.were

16.This is the last time _________ I shall give you a lesson.A.whenB thatC whichD in which

牛津初三英語賓語從句專項練習試卷

賓語從句專項訓練

I．從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。

1．I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow．_________ he comes，I'll tell you．

A．if；Whether B．whether；Whether

C．if；That D．if；If

2．I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow．

A．when does he come B．how will he come

C．if he comes D．whether he'll come

3．Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is？

A．what B．how C．whether D．where

4．Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help？

A．how did he mend B．what did he mend

C．how he mended D．what he mended

5．I want to know _________ ．

A．whom is she looking after B．whom she is looking

C．whom is she looking D．whom she is looking after

6．Do you know where _________ now？

A．he lives B．does he live C．he lived D．did he live

7．Do you know what time _________ ？

A．the train leave B．does the train leave

C．will the train leave D．the train leaves

8．I don't know _________ ．Can you tell me，please？

A．how the two players are old B．how old are the two players

C．the two players are how old D．how old the two players are

9．The small children don't know _________ ．

A．what is their stockings in B．what is in their stockings

C．where is their stockings in D．what in their stockings

10．I can't understand _________ ．

A．what does Christmas mean B．what Christmas does mean

C．what mean Christmas does D．what Christmas means

II．按要求轉換句型。

1．Does Mr．Brown enjoy living in China？Could you tell us？（改寫句子）

→Could you tell us _________ Mr．Brown _________ living in China？

2．“Does the girl need any help？”he asked me．（變為復合句）→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．

3．Jim is not a student．Tom is not a student，either．（合并為一個句子）

_________ Jim _________ Tom is a student．

4．When does the train leave？I want to know．（改為含賓語從句的復合句）

I want to know _________ the train _________ ．

5．They went home after they had finished their homework．（用not．．．until改寫）

They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．

6．Did Peter come here yesterday？Li Lei wants to know．（改為含賓語從句的復合句）

Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday．

賓語從句專項訓練參考答案：

I．1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD

II．1．if／whether；enjoys 2．if／whether；needed 3．Neither；nor 4．when；leaves 5．didn't；until 6．whether；came