第一篇：定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

一、定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2)You must do everything that I do.上面兩句中的man和everything是定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞的后面。* 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(賓格whom, 所有格whose)和關(guān)系副詞where, when、why * 關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用：

1、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句

2、代替先行詞

3、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分

二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 * 1.who指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.* 2.whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替，可省略。(2)The man(who/whom)you met just now is my friend.* 3.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(which 在句子中做主語(yǔ))(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中做賓語(yǔ))* 4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。(1)The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主語(yǔ))(2)Where is the man（that/whom）I saw this morning?(在句子中做賓語(yǔ))* 5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? * 具體使用時(shí)還要注意下列問(wèn)題：

1、只能使用that,不用which 的情況：

* 1）當(dāng)先行詞是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它們修飾

時(shí)。Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以為你做的嗎？

All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必須做。* 2）當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是這家書(shū)店出售的最有趣的書(shū)之一。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我們?cè)撟龅牡谝患率桥c(diǎn)吃的。

* 3）當(dāng)先行詞有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修飾時(shí)。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的項(xiàng)鏈不僅是丟掉的東西。* 4）當(dāng)主句以who或which開(kāi)頭時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞用that ,不用which 或 who，以避免重復(fù)。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件紅色外套的女孩子是誰(shuí)？ * 5）當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，用that。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你剛才談起的那位作家以及他的小說(shuō)確實(shí)很著名。

2、只用which不用that的情況： * 1)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)； e.g.This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.* 2)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中；作賓語(yǔ)用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。e.g.That necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.* 3)先行詞本身是that時(shí)；

e.g.The clock is that which tells the time 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。（非限)There is somebody here who wants to speak to you這里有人要和你說(shuō)話(限制性)* 4)which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語(yǔ)，也可以作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，多數(shù)情況下意思是與and this 相似，并可以指人。

He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy.* 關(guān)系代詞 whom，which 在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間，有時(shí)為了關(guān)系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書(shū)寫(xiě)，的工廠。(引導(dǎo)詞that作定語(yǔ)從句“(that)they visited last month”的賓語(yǔ)，that可以省略)

* 注意：不要以為在時(shí)間名詞后就一定用關(guān)系副詞when，在地點(diǎn)名詞后就一定用關(guān)系而將介詞置于定語(yǔ)從句的后面，That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.* 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中一般不宜將介詞與動(dòng)詞分開(kāi)。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

*

1、when：當(dāng)主句中的先行詞(即主句中被后面定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞)是表示時(shí)間意義的名詞時(shí)，它只能作定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，放在定語(yǔ)從句句首。如果定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞是作該定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則要改用關(guān)系代詞that或which來(lái)引導(dǎo)。例如：

I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.The days when we used foreign oil are gone.我們用洋油的日子一去不復(fù)返了。I'll never forget the day when I was born.(=I'll never forget my birthday.)我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我出生的日子。

It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.這事發(fā)生在天氣又濕又冷的十一月。

The day(that)I always remember in all my life is my birthday.我一生中最難忘的日子是我的生日。(that作定語(yǔ)從句“that I always remember in all my life”的賓語(yǔ)，that可以省略)*

2、where：當(dāng)主句中的先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)意義的名詞時(shí)，它只能作其所在的定語(yǔ)從句的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，放在定語(yǔ)從句的句首。如果定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞作該定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，也要改用關(guān)系代詞that或which來(lái)引導(dǎo)。例如：

The factory where his father works is in the east of the city This is the room where(＝in which)I lived last year.這就是我去年住過(guò)的房間。

Is this the classroom where(=in which)the old worker is going to make/give us a report? 這就是那位老工人要給我們做報(bào)告的教室嗎？

Let's look for a place where we can swim.咱們找一個(gè)可以游泳的地方吧。The building that is being built over there will be a new hospital.正在那邊建的樓房將是一家新醫(yī)院。(引導(dǎo)詞that作定語(yǔ)從句“that is being built over there”的主語(yǔ))That is the factory(that)they visited last month.那就是他們上個(gè)月參觀過(guò)

副詞 where，在表示原因的the reason后就一定用關(guān)系副詞why。到底選用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞，關(guān)鍵是看它們?cè)趶木渲惺怯米鳡钫Z(yǔ)(用關(guān)系副詞)還是用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(用關(guān)系代詞)。

如：Don’t forget the time(that)I’ve told you.不要忘記我告訴你的時(shí)間。(that用作told的賓語(yǔ))

I’ll never forget the days when I worked with you.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我與你共事的日子。(when用作狀語(yǔ))

He works in a factory that /which makes radio parts.他在一家制造無(wú)線電零件的工廠工作。(that/ which 在從句中用作主語(yǔ)，且不能省略)

He works in the factory where his father worked.他在他父親工作過(guò)的那家工廠工作。(where作狀語(yǔ))

That’s the reason(that /which)he explained to us.那就是他向我們解釋的理由。(that或which在從句中用作explained的賓語(yǔ))

That’s the reason why she left home.那就是她離家出走的原因。(why在從句中作狀語(yǔ))

* 英語(yǔ)中的關(guān)系副詞主要是 when, where, why三個(gè)，不要想當(dāng)然地將how用作關(guān)系副詞修飾the way。

如不說(shuō) This is the way how he spoke，可改為 This is how he spoke(how引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句)，當(dāng)然也可說(shuō)成 This is the way(that/ in which)he spoke.(其中的that/ in which可省略)

* 另外，when和where可引導(dǎo)限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而why則只用于引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，不用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

Sunday is a holiday , when people do not go to work.星期天是假日，（這天）人們不上班。

He took us into the classroom , where there were only a few students.他把我們帶進(jìn)教室，那兒只有少數(shù)幾個(gè)學(xué)生。

* 在定語(yǔ)從句的使用中，one of后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，這個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞制約后面的定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，用復(fù)數(shù)； 而在one of 前面有the或 the only時(shí)，后面引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用單數(shù)形式。

He is the only one of the students who is elected?

Jasper is one of those people who know about the accident.定 語(yǔ) 從 句 練習(xí)

一、用關(guān)系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whose 1.This is the man ________ wants to see you.2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man __________ you went to see has come.4.The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.5.The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher.6.The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there.7.The person ______________ you should write to is Mr.Ball.8.The man ___________was passing by saw what happened.9.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.10.These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.11.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12.A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time.13.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.14.A dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the word.15.The book ____________ is on the table is mine.16.The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting.17.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.18.Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? 19.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.20.The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English.二、單項(xiàng)選擇

()1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose()2.What’s the name of the program________.A.which are listening B.you are listening to C.to that you are listening D.that you are listening()3.The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.A.in which B.in that this C.all that D.in everything()4.He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A.whom B.whose C.that D.which()5.This is the museum______ we visited last year.A.where B.in which C.which D.in that()6.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.that B.what C.which D.who()7.Do you know the student_____? A.whom I often talk B.with who I often talk

C.I often talk with D.that I often talk()8.I like the house_____ windows face south.A.whose B.who’s

C.it's D.its()9.Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?

A.what I need B.I need C.which I need it D.that I need it()10.The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A.who B.to whom C.whom D.that（）

11、Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?

A.that

B.where

C.in which

D.the one（）

12、Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one（）

13、Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one（）

14、Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ______ in China.A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working（）

15、Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn

B.who

C.that learns D.who learn（）

16、We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.A.which

B.whom

C.who

D.that

（）

17、He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what

第二篇：定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

定語(yǔ)從句用法小結(jié)

概念: 在復(fù)合句中，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句；被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞；定語(yǔ)從句必須放在先行詞之后；引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)聯(lián)詞。如：

關(guān)聯(lián)詞: 關(guān)系代詞that，which，who，whom，whose和關(guān)系副詞where，when，why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中都充當(dāng)一定的句法成份。關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)一般可以省略。

關(guān)系代詞的選用比較復(fù)雜，受下列條件的制約：

(1)要看先行詞是指人還是指物，(2)要看關(guān)系代詞在從句中句法功能，(3)要看定語(yǔ)從句是限定性的還是非限定性的。

在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?/p>

指人

指物

指人或指物

主語(yǔ) who

which

that 賓語(yǔ) whom which

that 謂語(yǔ) whose whose(of which)

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that 只能用在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，而who, whom, which既可用于限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，也可用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。

I know that he is a man who means what he says.I know that he is a man that means what he says.我知道他是一個(gè)守信用的人。

The gentleman whom she met addressed her with courtesy.The gentleman that she met addressed her with courtesy.她遇到的那位先生很有禮貌地向

她打了招呼。

The watch which was lost has been found.The watch that was lost has been found.丟了的表找到了。

Here is the material that you need.Here is the material you need.你要的材料在這兒了。

You are the only one whose advice he might listen to.他也就是聽(tīng)你的話吧。

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關(guān)系副詞的選用: 如果先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如time, day 等，則用when, 如先行詞為表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，如place, house, area 等等，則選用where。如果先行詞為reason 則選用why

I will never forget the mountain village where I spent my childhood.I will never forget the mountain village in which I spent my childhood.我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記我度過(guò)童年的那個(gè)小山村。

I don’t know the reason why he did that.I don’t know the reason for which he did that.我不知道他為什么這么做。

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當(dāng)先行詞是all, something, nothing 等不定代詞時(shí)，或者先行詞的前面有first, last, few 1 only, , much, some, any, no 等詞修飾時(shí)，或者先行詞的前面有最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，一般只用that 而不用which 來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句：

I have explained everything that I can to you.我已經(jīng)盡一切可能把事情向你解釋得一清二楚。

That’s all that I know.我知道的就是這些。

Can you tell me something that you know? 你能把你知道的一些情況告訴我嗎？ There is nothing that I cannot tell you.我沒(méi)有什么不能告訴你的事情。

The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.我們應(yīng)該做的頭一件事就是訂一個(gè)計(jì)劃。

The last place that we visited was the farm.我們最后參觀的地方是農(nóng)場(chǎng)。

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還有一種定語(yǔ)從句，它的結(jié)構(gòu)是：the same … as… , such … as

這里的as 可以指人或物，且引導(dǎo)的是限定性定語(yǔ)從句：

Such furniture as is very popular is expensive.一種很受歡迎的家具價(jià)錢(qián)昂貴。

We have successfully done the same experiment as you did.你做過(guò)的那個(gè)試驗(yàn)我們已經(jīng)成功地做完了。

It wasn’t such a computer as the advertisement had promised.這種電腦可不是廣告中說(shuō)的那種電腦。

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限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句關(guān)系密切，為句中不可缺少的部分，如去掉，則主句意思不完整。而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句關(guān)系松散，如果去掉了，主句內(nèi)容仍然完整。在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中非限定性定語(yǔ)從句一般用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句一般不用that 引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞不可省略。

His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on.他的講話沒(méi)完沒(méi)了，真讓人煩。

The general’s daughter, whose name is Jane, gave me a sweet smile.將軍的女兒名叫珍妮。她沖我笑了笑，笑得好甜啊。

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非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，先行詞也可以是整個(gè)句子，一般用which 或as 來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；which在從句中可充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等，而as 在從句中一般只充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)；which 與as 引導(dǎo)這類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別在于：which 只能放在句子當(dāng)中或句子末尾，而as 的位置比較靈活，可以放在句子當(dāng)中、句子末尾，也可以放在句首。

As is known to all, too much stress can cause disease.Too much stress can cause disease, as is known to all.Too much stress can cause disease, which is known to all.眾所周知，壓力太大了，人會(huì)得病的。

Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which is known to all.Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, as is known to all.眾所周知，水是由氫和氧組成的。

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關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中有時(shí)也作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。如果介詞被置于關(guān)系代詞前，一般只用介詞加which 或介詞加whom，而不用介詞加that來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如果介詞被置于從句句末，則可以使用that來(lái)代替which或whom，這時(shí)的that可以省略。

This is the ring on which she spent 1,000 dollars.這就是她花了一千美元買(mǎi)的那枚戒指。

One of my students whom you are familiar with will come.將要來(lái)的那個(gè)學(xué)生你也認(rèn)識(shí)。1.In an hour, we can travel to places __________ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A.where B.when C.which D.what 2.His movie won several awards at the film festival, __________ was beyond his wildest dream.A.which B.that C.where D.it 3.We went through a period __________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A.which B.whose C.in which D.with which 4.Mozart’s birthplace and the house __________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.A.where B.when C.there D.which 5.Wind power is an ancient source of energy __________ we may return in the near future.A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which 6.Children who are not active or __________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A.what B.where C.what D.that 7.As a child, Jack studied in a village school, __________ is named after his grandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.that 8.I refuse to accept the blame for something __________ was someone else’s fault.A.who B.that C.as D.what 9.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of __________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.A.whom B.which C.them D.those 10.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister __________ she would stay for an hour.A.where B.who C.which D.what 11.The newly-built cafe, the walls of __________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.A.that B.it C.what D.which

12.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school __________ I met in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which 13.— What do you think of teaching, Bob?

— I find it fun and challenging.It is a job __________ you are doing something serious but interesting.A.where B.which C.when D.that 14.It’s helpful to put children in a situation __________ they can see themselves differently.A.that B.when C.which D.where 15.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone __________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A.if B.when C.which D.since 16.Gun control is a subject __________ Americans have argued for a long time.A.of which B.with which C.about which D.into which 17.I have reached a point in my life __________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.which B.where C.how D.why 18.The man pulled out a gold watch, __________ were made of small diamonds.A.the hands of whom B.whom the hands of C.which the hands of D.the hands of which 19.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A.where B.when C.who D.which 20.It is reported that two schools, __________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year.A.they both B.which both C.both of them D.both of which 4

第三篇：高中英語(yǔ)-定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

定語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句及相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)

1.定語(yǔ)從句：修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句稱(chēng)為定語(yǔ)從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。2.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱(chēng)為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；關(guān)系副詞有where, when, why等。關(guān)系詞常有3個(gè)作用：1，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。2，代替先行詞。3在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。

定語(yǔ)從句是由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語(yǔ)修飾主句的某個(gè)名詞性成分，相當(dāng)于形容詞，所以又稱(chēng)為形容詞性從句．

２ 定語(yǔ)

（一）限定性定語(yǔ)從句

1.that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們?cè)趶木渲凶髦髡Z(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略關(guān)系詞，which在從句中作賓語(yǔ)則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動(dòng)詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語(yǔ)，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來(lái)的位置

2.which作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間的語(yǔ)義關(guān)系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟

3.代表物時(shí)多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括當(dāng)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing ,few, all, none, little, some等代詞時(shí)，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時(shí)等，這時(shí)的that常被省略

4.who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來(lái)修飾人，分別作從句中的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，whom作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意它可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)也可以作介詞的賓語(yǔ)

5.where是關(guān)系副詞，用來(lái)表示地點(diǎn)的定語(yǔ)從句

6.when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間［注］值得一提的是，表示時(shí)間“time“一詞的定語(yǔ)從句只用when引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo)

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是關(guān)系代詞，修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格.它引導(dǎo)的從句可以修飾人和物, 當(dāng)它引導(dǎo)的從句修飾物體時(shí), 可以與 of which 調(diào)換,表達(dá)的意思一樣.8.當(dāng)從句的邏輯主語(yǔ)是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時(shí)，常用there is來(lái)引導(dǎo)

There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.這里有人要和你說(shuō)話。

（二）非限定性定語(yǔ)從句

非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1.which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)說(shuō)明前面整個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分

2.當(dāng)先行詞是專(zhuān)有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句通常是非限制性的，例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買(mǎi)的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.這本小說(shuō)很動(dòng)人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。

3.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞, 對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒(méi)抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝@就叫做蒸發(fā)。

4.有時(shí)as也可用作關(guān)系代詞

5.在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，不能用關(guān)系副詞why和關(guān)系代詞that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物.；

（三）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

1.who指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)

(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2.whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，常可省略。

(1)Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about on the bus.(2)Mr.Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替，可省略。

(3)The man who/whom you met just now is my friend

3.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略

(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.如果在從句中做賓語(yǔ),就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.如果是在從句中作主語(yǔ)就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book.4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。

在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。

(5)The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6)Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)

(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替

(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4)The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

(6)Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

（四）注意

介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)

從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)

(1)The school(that/which)he once studied in is very famous.(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine(that/which)you asked for.(4)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5)We’ll go to hear the famous singer(whom/that/who)we have often talked about.(6)We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：1.含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)一般不拆開(kāi)使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

(1)This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(T)

(2)This is the watch for which I am looking.(F)

2.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時(shí)用which，不能用that；關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose

(1)The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)

(2)The man with that you talked is my friend.(F)

(3)The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.(T)

(4)The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.(F)

3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞

(1)He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2)In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3)There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.（五）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

1.when指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

(1)I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2)The time when we got together finally came.2.where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

(1)Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2)The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3.why指原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)

(1)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2)I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換

(1)The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear，(2)From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3)Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.（六）判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞

方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。不及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，就必須要求用關(guān)系副詞或者是介詞加關(guān)系代詞；而及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ)，則要求用關(guān)系代詞。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.判斷改錯(cuò)（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。）

（錯(cuò)）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯(cuò)）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對(duì)）This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.（對(duì)）I'll never forget the days(which)I spent in the countryside.習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。

方法二： 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?

A.where B.that C.on which D.the one

例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held?

A.where B.that C.on which D.the one答案：

例1 D，例2 A

例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語(yǔ)，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語(yǔ)的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語(yǔ)，又可做從句的賓語(yǔ)，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選D。

而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語(yǔ)表地點(diǎn)，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對(duì)，所以選A。

關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose)；

先行詞在從句中做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，when 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，why 原因狀語(yǔ))。

（七）介詞+關(guān)系詞

1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。

2）that前不能有介詞。

3）某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)的”介詞+關(guān)系詞“結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when ,where和why 互換。This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

This is the reason why he came late.This is the reason for which he came late.（八）先行詞和關(guān)系詞二合一

1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)

（九）as,which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句

由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，as和which可代整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.典型例題

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it B.that C.which D.he

答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連接。況且選he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it

答案B。

which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號(hào)連接的兩個(gè)句子并在一起在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which C.as D.it

答案B.as 和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，這兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)意思，且在定語(yǔ)從句中都可以作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。但不同之處主要有兩點(diǎn)：

(1）as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可置于句首，而which不可。

(2）as 代表前面的整個(gè)主句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)必須是系動(dòng)詞；若為行為動(dòng)詞，則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.。

在本題中，prevent由于是行為動(dòng)詞，所以正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為B。

As 的用法例

1.the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu), 和……一樣……。

I have got into the same trouble as he(has).例2.as可引導(dǎo)非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As is knew, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是關(guān)系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語(yǔ)；

例2中，它充當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞know要用被動(dòng)式。

（十）關(guān)系代詞that 的用法

(1)不用that的情況

(a)在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。

(錯(cuò))The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.(b)介詞后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.(2)只能用that作為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況

(a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

(b)在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。

(c)先行詞有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修飾時(shí)，只用that。

(d)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that。.(e)先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。

(f)先行詞指物，在主句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)．

(g)為了避免重復(fù)．

(h)先行詞是the way時(shí)

舉例：

Is this the book that you borrowed in the library?

這是你在圖書(shū)館借的那本書(shū)嗎？

Who that break the window should be punished．

誰(shuí)打碎了窗戶(hù)都要受到懲罰．

All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問(wèn)題。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。

（十一）難點(diǎn)分析

（一）限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能用that的幾種情況

1．當(dāng)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing(something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代詞時(shí)，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時(shí)

(1)Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li has said?

(2)There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.(3)All that can be done has been done.(4)There is little that I can do for you.注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可以用who

(4)Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾

(1)The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)

(1)This is the best film that I have seen.4.當(dāng)形容詞被the very, the only 修飾時(shí)

(1)This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy，(2)After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可以用who

(3)Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting？

5.當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)

(1)Who is the man that is standing there?

(2)Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?

6.當(dāng)先行詞既有人，也有動(dòng)物或者物體時(shí)

(1)Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

（二）關(guān)系代詞as和which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，有相同之處也有不同之處。具體情況是：

1．As和which都可以在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，代表前面整個(gè)句子。

(1)He married her, as/which was natural.(2)He was honest, as/which we can see.2.as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個(gè)主句；which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思

(1)As is known to all, China is a developing country.(2)He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.(3)John, as you know, is a famous writer.(4)He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.注意：當(dāng)主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，常用which

(5)Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.3.當(dāng)先行次受such, the same修飾時(shí)，常用as

(1)I have never heard such a story as he tells.(2)He is not such a fool as he looks.(3)This is the same book as I lost last week.注意：當(dāng)先行詞由the same修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但是和由as所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句意思不同

(4)She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.她穿著她在MARY婚禮上穿過(guò)的一條裙子。

(5)She wore the same dress as her young sister wore.她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。

(三）以the way為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句通常由in which, that引導(dǎo)，而且通常可以省略。

(1)The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.(四)but有時(shí)也可以做關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句

(1)There are very few but understand his idea.(but= who don’t)

(五)區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句

1．定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞，它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系；

同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容，是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的關(guān)系

(1)The plane that has just taken off is for London.定語(yǔ)從句

(2)The fact that he has been dead is clear.同位語(yǔ)從句

2．定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在句中充當(dāng)成分，有時(shí)可以省略；

同位語(yǔ)從句主要由that引導(dǎo)，在句中一般不做成分；

句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等詞引導(dǎo)，充當(dāng)成分

(1)The news he told me is true.(2)The news that he has just died is true.(3)The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.定語(yǔ)

(4)The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.3.同位語(yǔ)從句和先行詞一般可以用be動(dòng)詞發(fā)展成一個(gè)完整的句子，而定語(yǔ)從句不可以

(1)The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.同位語(yǔ)

(2)The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.(3)The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.(4)The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.18.定語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。

關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

關(guān)系副詞有： when, where, why等。

18.1 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想見(jiàn)的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ)）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）

2)Whose 用來(lái)指人或物，(只用作定語(yǔ), 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車(chē)壞了，大家都跑過(guò)去幫忙。

Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書(shū)。

3）which, that

它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語(yǔ)）

The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語(yǔ)）

［定語(yǔ)從句］介詞+關(guān)系詞

1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。

2）that前不能有介詞。

3）某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)的”介詞+關(guān)系詞"結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when 和where 互換。例如：

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.這是我兩年前住過(guò)的房子。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？ 還記得你加入我們俱樂(lè)部的那一天嗎？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club？

第四篇：第八章 定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

金牌教研中心

2012秋季高三英語(yǔ)

第八章 定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

I believe I can do it best!我相信我可以做到最好!

主講老師：曾琳寧

學(xué)生：______ 【簡(jiǎn)介】

定語(yǔ)從句在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。

關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。

【關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 】

關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who, whom, that 這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。例如：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想見(jiàn)的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ)）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）

2）whose 用來(lái)指人或物，（只用作定語(yǔ), 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）。例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車(chē)壞了，大家都跑過(guò)去幫忙。

Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書(shū)。

3）which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語(yǔ)）

The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作賓語(yǔ)）

【關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句】

關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。

1）關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例如：

There are occasions when（on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。

Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？

2）that代替關(guān)系副詞，可以用于表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介+which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在口語(yǔ)中that常被省略。例如：

His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過(guò)的地方。

【判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞 】

方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，就必須要求博學(xué)精教 成就學(xué)生

金牌教研中心

2012秋季高三英語(yǔ)

用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.這是我去年呆過(guò)的山村。

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記與你共事的日子。

判斷改錯(cuò)：

（錯(cuò)）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯(cuò)）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對(duì)）This is the mountain village（which）I visited last year.（對(duì)）I'll never forget the days（which）I spent in the countryside.習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。

方法二： 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分（主、謂、賓、定、狀），也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。

例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A.where B.that

C.on which

D.the one 例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.A.where B.that

C.on which

D.the one

例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語(yǔ)，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語(yǔ)的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語(yǔ)，又可做從句的賓語(yǔ)，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選D。

而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語(yǔ)表地點(diǎn)，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對(duì)，所以選A。

關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行詞在從句中做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞（where 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，when 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，why 原因狀語(yǔ)）。

【限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 】

1）定語(yǔ)從句有限制性和非限制性?xún)煞N。限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，去掉了也不會(huì)影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。例如：

This is the house which we bought last month.這是我們上個(gè)月買(mǎi)的那幢房子。（限制性）

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個(gè)月買(mǎi)的。（非限制性）

2）當(dāng)先行詞是專(zhuān)有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句通常是非限制性的。例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理.史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買(mǎi)的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.這本小說(shuō)很動(dòng)人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。

3）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞, 對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。例如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒(méi)抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝@就叫做蒸發(fā)。博學(xué)精教 成就學(xué)生

金牌教研中心

2012秋季高三英語(yǔ)

說(shuō)明：關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。【介詞+關(guān)系詞 】

1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。

2）that前不能有介詞。

3）某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)的“介詞+關(guān)系詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when 和where 互換。例如This is the house in which I lived two years ago.這是我兩年前住過(guò)的房子。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂(lè)部的那一天嗎？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club? 【as, which 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 】

由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，as和which可代整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.太陽(yáng)使地球暖起來(lái)，這對(duì)我們?nèi)祟?lèi)很重要。

典型例題

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.he

答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連接。況且選he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it

答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號(hào)連接的兩個(gè)句子并在一起在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which

C.as

D.it

答案B.as 和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，這兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)意思，且在定語(yǔ)從句中都可以作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。但不同之處主要有兩點(diǎn)：

（1）as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可置于句首，而which不可。

（2）as 代表前面的整個(gè)主句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)必須是系動(dòng)詞；若為行為動(dòng)詞，則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.。在本題中，prevent由于是行為動(dòng)詞，所以正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為B。

as 的用法

例1.the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu), 和……一樣……。例如：

I have got into the same trouble as he（has）.我碰到了跟他一樣的麻煩。

例2.as可引導(dǎo)非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。例如：

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。

As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是關(guān)系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語(yǔ)；例2中，它充當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞know要用被動(dòng)式。

【 關(guān)系代詞that 的用法 】 1）不用that的情況

a）引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。例如：

（錯(cuò)）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.博學(xué)精教 成就學(xué)生

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b）介詞后不能用。

例如：We depend on the land from which we get our food.我們依賴(lài)土地獲得食物。

We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2）只能用that作為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況

a）在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

b）在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which.c）先行詞有the only, the very修飾時(shí)，只用that。

d）先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that。.e）先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。例如：

All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問(wèn)題。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。

【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which

B.where

C.what

D.in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke

B.to who spoke

C.I spoke to

D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed

B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at

D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which

B.that

C.when

D.on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which

B.on which

C.in which

D.when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.where

B.to which

C.which

D.in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where

B.that

C.which

D.there 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year

B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year

D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked

B.which you talked C.about that you talked

D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which

B.in which

C.on which

D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom

B.on whom

C.with which

D.with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? 博學(xué)精教 成就學(xué)生

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A.who

B.who's

C.which

D.whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that

B.all what

C.that

D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which

B.who

C.what

D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who

B.whom

C.that

D.as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.that

B.as

C.whom

D.what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with

B.with whom I went

C.with who I went

D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.the novels

B.the such novels

C.such novels

D.same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A.which

B.that

C.whom

D.what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A.which

B.that

C.whom

D.who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A.them

B.which

C.whom

D.who 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/

B./;whom

C.whom;/

D./;who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title

B.its title

C.the title of it

D.the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which

B.for that

C.in which

D.what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A.that

B.which

C.as

D.it 27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;which

B.which;when

C.what;that

D.on which;when 28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which

B.whose

C.what

D./ 29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which

B.with which

C.that

D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked

B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after

D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that

B.that;why

C.for that;that

D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that

B.which

C.for which

D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.博學(xué)精教 成就學(xué)生

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A./

B.which

C.for which

D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which

B.either of which

C.both of that

D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was

B.which was

C.as were

D.which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who

B.which

C.that

D.it

37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that

B.which

C.from that

D.from which 38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that

B.which

C.who

D.as

39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./

B.why

C.when

D.whose

40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that

B.which

C.it

D.though

41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?

---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that

B.what;what

C.which;which

D.that;that 42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who

B.that;which

C.which;that

D.when;which 43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;are

B.owns;is

C.own;is

D.own;are

44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed

B.following

C.to follow

D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that

B./

C.which

D.it

46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A.which;what

B.through which;what

C.through that;what

D.what;that 47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school

B.this the school

C.this school one

D.this school where 48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.as

B.that

C.what

D.who 49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A.none of them

B.neither of them

C.neither of which

D.none of which 50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A.are being

B.has been

C.had been

D.have been

參考答案及解析

1.A.which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。

2．C.“和誰(shuí)講話”要說(shuō)speak to sb.本題全句應(yīng)為Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。

3.D.where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。博學(xué)精教 成就學(xué)生

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4.C.when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

5．A.which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語(yǔ)。其他幾個(gè)答案都不能作賓語(yǔ)。6．C.解析同第5題。7.A.解析見(jiàn)第3題。

8.A.本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則the one應(yīng)該視為先行詞。

9.A.“談到某事物”應(yīng)說(shuō)talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語(yǔ)，不能用that。10.A.with which是”介詞+關(guān)系代詞“結(jié)構(gòu),常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.with有”用“的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在從句中作狀語(yǔ).12.D.with whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.with whom放在從句中即為:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ)family的定語(yǔ).14.A.that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo).15.D.the same……..as是固定用法, as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ).在本句話中,as作從句的主語(yǔ).16.D.such……… as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ).在本題中,as作表語(yǔ).17.B.as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨(dú)用來(lái)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。這時(shí)as所指代的不是主句中某個(gè)名詞，而往往指代整個(gè)主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語(yǔ).18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定語(yǔ)從句.with whom放在從句中為:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常構(gòu)成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時(shí),要用such a……..,本題中such books, such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞.20.B.things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時(shí),其關(guān)系代詞要用that.21.D.who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,who作從句的主語(yǔ).22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行詞person后有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,第一個(gè)從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因?yàn)? whom作從句中met的賓語(yǔ),可以省略.第二個(gè)從句who could do it.who在從句中作主語(yǔ),不可省略.24.A.whose title引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,whose title也可以說(shuō)成the title of which 25.A.for which 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,使用介詞for,是來(lái)自于從句中的固定短語(yǔ) be famous for ”以……..而聞名".26.C.當(dāng)先行詞被such修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞要用as.As在本從句中作主語(yǔ).27.A.兩個(gè)先行詞the day都是表示時(shí)間的名詞,但第一個(gè)空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),因此要用關(guān)系副詞when.第二個(gè)空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動(dòng)詞spent的賓語(yǔ),因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等詞后的定語(yǔ)從句中，常用that來(lái)代替“in(或其他介詞)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。

29.D.for which在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ),可用why 來(lái)替代.30.B.which I have looked after 構(gòu)成一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.31.A.The reason why… was that….已成為一種固定句型，這一句中的why和that不能隨意換位，也不博學(xué)精教 成就學(xué)生

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能將that改成because，盡管that這個(gè)詞在譯文中可能有 “因?yàn)椤钡暮x。32.B.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個(gè)含義.33.A.解釋見(jiàn)28題.34.D.主句中的two表明不能選A.從句中的are表明不能選B.both of which用來(lái)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.35.C.as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常構(gòu)成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。本題中as作從句的主語(yǔ).36.B.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個(gè)含義.37.D.38.D.解析見(jiàn)35題.39.A.he makes是定語(yǔ)從句, 從句前省略了關(guān)系代詞that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.41.A.what happened是賓語(yǔ)從句.all 之后that he knew是定語(yǔ)從句.先行詞是all,所以關(guān)系代詞只能用that.42.D.years是表示時(shí)間的名詞,用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,是因?yàn)閣hen在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).第二個(gè)空選用which,引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.43.C.本句話的定語(yǔ)從句是who own cars.其先行詞是people,因此,定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)的own。本句話主句的主語(yǔ)是The number of指“…..的數(shù)目”，是單數(shù)概念。因此，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用is。44.D.that followed是定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作主語(yǔ)。45.A.先行詞gas被only修飾，關(guān)系代詞要用that，而不用which。

46.B.through which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，through which即through the hole,在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。What引導(dǎo)的是see的賓語(yǔ)從句，并作從句的主語(yǔ)。

47.B.為便于理解，改寫(xiě)本句話：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不難看出，作表語(yǔ)的the school是先行詞。that引導(dǎo)了定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)閠hat同時(shí)又作visited的賓語(yǔ)，所以被省略了。其它選項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)。

48.A.解釋見(jiàn)35題。

49.C.因?yàn)槭莟wo ballpens, 并且定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)writes是單數(shù)概念。因此，C是正確選項(xiàng)。

50.B.本句話中，主句的主語(yǔ)是all,為抽象概念。因此，其謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用單數(shù)的has been。關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。博學(xué)精教 成就學(xué)生

第五篇：定語(yǔ)從句講解與練習(xí)

定語(yǔ)從句講解與練習(xí)

在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞和代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句.被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who, which, that,關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),定語(yǔ).(作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略，放在介詞后不可省。)

一.由 who, 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,who在從句中做主語(yǔ)(口語(yǔ)中也可做賓語(yǔ)),修飾表示人的先行詞.例如:

This is the man who helped me.Do you know the comrade who spoke just now ?

The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.二.that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,that在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),修飾表示人或物的先行詞,作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略,不能放在介詞后面作賓語(yǔ).The letter(that//which)I received was from my father.I can’t find the letter that//which came this morning.Do you still remember the days(that//which)we spent together ? This is the man that//who helped me.The house(that//which)we live in is not large.=The house in which we live is not large.The doctor(that//whom //who)you are looking for is in the room.三.which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,which在從句中做主語(yǔ),也可做賓語(yǔ),或介詞的賓語(yǔ),修飾表示物的先行詞.先行詞可以是詞、短語(yǔ)、句子。

This is the book(which/that)you want.The building which//that stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(介詞后面的which不能省略)

The house(which/that)we live in is not large.This is the watch(which/that)he was looking for.(在含有介詞的動(dòng)詞固定詞組中,介詞只能放在動(dòng)詞之后,不能放在which之前)

四、that 和which 都可以修飾表示物的先行詞,1.但是下列情況只能用that.①.先行詞為不定代詞all, few, little, much, everything, nothing 等.All(that)you have to do is to practise every day.There isn’t much(that)I can do.②.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)所修飾時(shí).The first lesson(that)I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.③.先行詞被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等不定代詞修飾時(shí).I have read all the books(that)you gave me.④.先行詞被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修飾時(shí).The white flower is the only one that I really like.This is the very book that I want to read.This is the same book that I want to read.(同一本書(shū))

----This is the same book as I want to read.⑤.當(dāng)主句以who或 which 開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句that 引

導(dǎo).Who is the man that is standing there ?

Which of us that knows something about physics doesn’t know this ?

⑥先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。

We talked about the persons and things that we could remember.⑦time做先行詞，前面如果有序數(shù)詞或 last 來(lái)修飾時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句用 that 來(lái)引導(dǎo)或省略；如果沒(méi)有序數(shù)詞或 last 來(lái)修飾時(shí)，既可用 when也可用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。

This is the last time(that)I shall give you a lesson.The first time(that)I saw him was in 1972.It’s time(that)we got up.2.that不能置于介詞之后（介詞后指物用which,指人用whom）The person to whom I am speaking just now is our English teacher.The prize for which he worked so hard was a new bicycle.五．定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致

引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞人稱(chēng)和數(shù)要根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞所指內(nèi)容而定。

1.Here are some sentences that are often used by the students.(as指代sentences，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用are)。

2.I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.(who指代I, 謂語(yǔ)用am.)。

3.He was one of the students who were praised for it.(who指代the students)他是被表?yè)P(yáng)的學(xué)生之一。

4.He was the only one of the students who was praised for it.(who 指the only one)他是唯一被表?yè)P(yáng)的學(xué)生。

I、用that、which、who、填空

This is the man ____wants to see you.The man ___ you went to see has come.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.The first thing ___________ we should do is to clean the room.You should do all _________I told you to do.The book has nothing_____________interests me.This is the best film ________ has been shown this year.He took away everything __________ belonged to him.This is the very person___I need.I have read all the books__you gave me.He is the only person _____is right.I have read every book ___I can find.They talked much _________ had nothing to do with the matter.There is little ________ I can give you.I will never forget the day ____________ I spent with you.二、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose

2.The students were all interested ____ you told them

yesterday.A.in whichB.in that thisC.all thatD.in everything

3.He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which

4.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who

5.Would you tell me where to get the dictionary_____?

A.what I needB.I needC.which I need itD.that I need it

6.The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A.who is singingB.is singingC.sangD.was singing

7.Didn’t you see the man ________?

A.I nodded just nowB.whom I nodded just now

C.I nodded to him just nowD.I nodded to just now

8.Is there anything else______ you require ?

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what

9.The last place _______ we visited was the Great Wall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it

10.He talked happily about the men and books ______ interested him greatly in the school.A.whichB.that

C.whoD.when

11.Do you know the man _________?

A.whom I spokeB.to who I spokeC.I spoke toD.that I spoke

12.This is one of the best films ________ this year.A.have been shownB.that have shown

C.that have been shownD.which has been shown

13.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn ?

A.thatBxC.whichD.it

14.I’ve read all the books ______ were borrowed from the library.A.thatB.xC.whichD.they

15.Jack is the only one of my friends who ______ helping me paint my house.A.isB areC.wasD.were

16.This is the last time _________ I shall give you a lesson.A.whenB thatC whichD in which

牛津初三英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)試卷

賓語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

I．從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。

1．I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow．_________ he comes，I'll tell you．

A．if；Whether B．whether；Whether

C．if；That D．if；If

2．I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow．

A．when does he come B．how will he come

C．if he comes D．whether he'll come

3．Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is？

A．what B．how C．whether D．where

4．Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help？

A．how did he mend B．what did he mend

C．how he mended D．what he mended

5．I want to know _________ ．

A．whom is she looking after B．whom she is looking

C．whom is she looking D．whom she is looking after

6．Do you know where _________ now？

A．he lives B．does he live C．he lived D．did he live

7．Do you know what time _________ ？

A．the train leave B．does the train leave

C．will the train leave D．the train leaves

8．I don't know _________ ．Can you tell me，please？

A．how the two players are old B．how old are the two players

C．the two players are how old D．how old the two players are

9．The small children don't know _________ ．

A．what is their stockings in B．what is in their stockings

C．where is their stockings in D．what in their stockings

10．I can't understand _________ ．

A．what does Christmas mean B．what Christmas does mean

C．what mean Christmas does D．what Christmas means

II．按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型。

1．Does Mr．Brown enjoy living in China？Could you tell us？（改寫(xiě)句子）

→Could you tell us _________ Mr．Brown _________ living in China？

2．“Does the girl need any help？”he asked me．（變?yōu)閺?fù)合句）→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．

3．Jim is not a student．Tom is not a student，either．（合并為一個(gè)句子）

_________ Jim _________ Tom is a student．

4．When does the train leave？I want to know．（改為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句）

I want to know _________ the train _________ ．

5．They went home after they had finished their homework．（用not．．．until改寫(xiě)）

They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．

6．Did Peter come here yesterday？Li Lei wants to know．（改為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句）

Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday．

賓語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練參考答案：

I．1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD

II．1．if／whether；enjoys 2．if／whether；needed 3．Neither；nor 4．when；leaves 5．didn't；until 6．whether；came