第一篇：高中二輪英語語法復(fù)習(xí)講解-名詞性從句

嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

高中英語語法之名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句(Noun Clauses）。名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

一、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連詞：that（無任何詞意）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性）as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在從句中均不充當(dāng)任何成分

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, whichever,whomever 連接副詞：when, where, how, why,how many,how much,how often 不可省略的連詞： 1.介詞后的連詞

2.引導(dǎo)主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。

That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比較：whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，只可用whether：

1.whether引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首2.引導(dǎo)表語從句 3.whether從句作介詞賓語4.從句后有“or not”

Whether he will come is not clear.大部分連接詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當(dāng)形式主語。

It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.二.主語從句

1、作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如：

What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。Who will win the match is still unknown.誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。

It is known to us how he became a writer.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。

有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：

（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句（4）It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句

另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that …

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…

2、嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）Who the watch belongs to was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小結(jié):（1)引導(dǎo)主語從句連詞有that,whether,who,what,whatever等（2)連詞位于句首不能省略（3)主語從句大多數(shù)情況下視為三單,但也有例外,如例9

嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

(3)It happens…, It occurs… 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(5)含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時，主語從句不可提前。例如：

Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?

4.What 與that 在引導(dǎo)主語從句時的區(qū)別

What 引導(dǎo)主語從句時在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語．賓語．表語，而that 則不然。例如： What you said yesterday is right.三、賓語從句

名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1.由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時, 嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳木渲械姆穸ㄐ问揭频街骶渲小＠纾?We don’t think you are here.我們認為你不在這。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不會這樣做。

6.時態(tài)：1.主句用一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可用任意時態(tài)。2.主句用過去時，從句用過去某個時態(tài)。3.主句用過去時，從句是客觀真理時，只用一般現(xiàn)在時。7.賓語從句的連接詞

從屬連詞：連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,whether.that引導(dǎo)表示陳述句的賓語從句,而if和whether引導(dǎo)表示“是否”的賓語從句.He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告訴我他明年上大學(xué).I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否還會有公交車.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.沒人知道他是否會通過考試.連接代詞：連接代詞主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.連接代詞一般指疑問,但what, whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?

你知道是誰贏得了紅色警報的游戲？

The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.這本書會告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎? 連接副詞：連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他沒有告訴我什么時候我們能再見面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?你能告訴我怎么用這個新的操作盤嗎? None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.8.動詞的賓語從句

大多數(shù)動詞都可以帶賓語從句

We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我們都預(yù)料他們會贏,因為他們的隊員更強壯.He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告訴我們在整個工作中,他都會幫忙的.部分“動詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)也可以帶賓語從句

I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這場音樂會的所有票都賣光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 你能計算出這次旅行我們將花費多少錢嗎? 動詞短語也可以帶賓語從句

常見的這些詞有:make sure確保 make up one’s mind下決心 keep in mind牢記 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交試卷前確保沒有任何錯誤.可運用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句

①動詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有賓語補足語的時候,則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的.嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天寫日記成了習(xí)慣.We all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this mater.我們都認為對這件事馬上做出決定很重要.②有些動詞帶賓語從句時需要在賓語與從句前加it 這類動詞主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他會認為我們的計劃確實可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我們認為你會同意我們的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.開啟發(fā)動機時, 一定要使汽車的離合器處于空擋位置.③若賓語從句是wh-類,則不可用it代替

We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我們都認為你所說的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們所學(xué)到的東西都是有用的.9.介詞的賓語從句

用wh-類的介詞賓語從句

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我們正在討論是否讓學(xué)生加入我們的俱樂部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.這本新書是關(guān)于神州6號載人航天飛船是如何升入太空的.用that,if引導(dǎo)的介詞賓語從句

有時候except,but,besides三個介詞后可見到that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.對于我的新鄰居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一無所知.10.形容詞的賓語從句

常用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句的形容詞有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I am sure I will pass the exam.我確信我會通過考試.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我這么長時間在打擾你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高興在他生病的時候李明能去看望他.11.if,whether在賓語從句中的區(qū)別

① if和whether在作“是否”解時,引導(dǎo)賓語從句常放在動詞know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介詞后一般不用if② 少數(shù)動詞,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的賓語從句常用whether.③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④ 在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。）⑤ 避免歧異時,我們常用whether而不用if.12.哪些賓語從句不可以省略引導(dǎo)詞that 1.當(dāng)that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時;2.當(dāng)賓語從句較長時;3.當(dāng)主語狀語置于主句尾,賓語從句之前時;4.當(dāng)主語謂語動詞(包括非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時;5.當(dāng)一個動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時,此時 嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是 嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

定義：A 表語從句就是用一個句子作為表語。說明主語是什么或者怎么[1]樣，由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語充當(dāng)，和連系動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。The problem is puzzling.這問題令人困惑 主語 連系動詞 形容詞作表語

The problem is when we can get a pay rise.問題是什么時候我們可以得到加薪.主語 連系動詞 一個句子作表語---表語從句

B 連接表語從句的連接詞有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether,how.He has become a teacher.他已經(jīng)成為一名教師。

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.他已經(jīng)成為了他10年前想成為的。She has remained there for an hour.她曾在那里停留了一個小時。

She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一個小時。His suggestion is good.他的建議是好的。

His suggestion is that we should stay calm.他的建議是，我們應(yīng)該保持冷靜。The question is confusing.這個問題令人困惑.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.問題是，他什么時候可以到達酒店。

who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.誰與我明天將前往北京。

why he cried yesterday.昨天他為什么哭。

how I can persuade her to join us in the party.我怎么能說服她加入我們的派對。

whether the enemy is marching towards us.是否敵人正向我們行進.注意：

A 表語從句一定要用陳述語序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B 不可以用if，而用whether 連接表語從句(as if 例外）。

引導(dǎo)賓語從句時可以互換if/whether 位于介詞后要用whether 位于句首時要用whether

引導(dǎo)表語從句，主語從句，同位語從句時要用whether False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.C 不像賓語從句，在有表語從句的復(fù)合句中，主句時態(tài)和從句時態(tài)可以不一致。Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.D that在表語從句中不可以省掉。

3、基本用法

表語從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動詞只能是聯(lián)系動詞。名詞性從句在be等系動詞后作表語時被稱為表語從句，例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.問題是我們怎樣能弄到我們需要的東西。(how 在表語從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語)// The scissors are not what I need.這把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表語從句中充當(dāng)賓語)// What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告訴他的是我會給他找個好劇本。(what在主語從句中作直接賓語，that作為表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，不能省略)// That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要對你講的。(what在表語從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語)// That is why she failed to pass the exam.那就是她考試不及格的原因。(why 在表語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語)

嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

注意： “That is why...”是常用句型，意為“這就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中作表語，該句型通常用于針對前面已經(jīng)說明過的原因進行總結(jié)，又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.珍妮，這就是現(xiàn)在這個老太婆出現(xiàn)在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne對老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫異，說話人對她講述了其中的原因之后，用這一句來進行概括)。// That is why I came.這就是我來的原因。

下面是兩個與“That is why...”形式相似的結(jié)構(gòu)，它們與“That is why...”結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系要能夠辨析清楚：

(1)“That is why...”與“That is the reason why...”同義，只不過從語法結(jié)構(gòu)上講，“That is the reason why...”中why引導(dǎo)的是—個定語從句，將其中的the reason去掉則與“That is why...”結(jié)構(gòu)一樣，例如： That is(the reason)why I cannot agree.這就是我不能同意的理由。

(2)“That is because...”句型中從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在此作表語，這也是個常用句型，意為“這就是為什么……/因為……”。“That is because...”與“That is why...”之間的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果，例如： He did not see the film last night.That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他沒有去看電影，那是因為他得幫助他的妹妹做作業(yè)。(嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

l have no idea when he will be back．我不知道他什么時候回來。

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個問題。

四、有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。如：

Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．

幾年以后，有消息傳來說拿破侖要親自視 察他們。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．

他突然想起可能敵人已經(jīng)逃出城了。

六、名詞性that-從句

1）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當(dāng)主 語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語，例如：

主語：That she is still alive is her luck.他還活著全靠運氣。

賓語：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。表語：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。同位語：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近來誰也沒有見過他，這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。

形容詞賓語：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你對工作滿意我感到很高興。2）That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末，例如：

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個計劃注定要失敗。It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系： a.It + be +形容詞+ that-從句

It is necessary that… 有必要……

It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明顯…… b.It + be +-ed 分詞+ that-從句

It is believed that… 人們相信……

It is known to all that… 眾所周知…… It has been decided that… 已決定…… c.It + be +名詞+ that-從句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常識

It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事實是…… d.It +不及物動詞+ that-從句

It appears that… 似乎……

It happens that… 碰巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……

七、名詞性wh-從句 1）由wh-詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當(dāng)介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等，例如： 主語： How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。直接賓語：In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。間接賓語：The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱樂部將給得勝者設(shè)獎。表語： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。

賓語補足語：She will name him whatever she wants to.她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。

嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

同位語： I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么時候回來。

形容詞賓語：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。

介詞賓語： That depends on where we shall go.那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?/p>

2）Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語，而將wh-從句置于句末，例如： It is not yet decided who will do that job.還沒決定誰做這項工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時結(jié)婚依然不明。

八、if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句 1）yes-no型疑問從句

從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉(zhuǎn)化而來的，因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同，例如： 主語：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。賓語：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。

表語：The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。同位語：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調(diào)查他是否值得信賴。

形容詞賓語： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。介詞賓語： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔(dān)心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。2）選擇性疑問從句

選擇性疑問從句由關(guān)聯(lián)詞if/whether…or或whether…or not構(gòu)成，例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。if和whether的區(qū)別：

1、在動詞不定式之前只能用whether。如：

例8 I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。

2、在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如：

例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not.我想知道是否是好消息。、在介詞后，只能用whether。如：

例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work.他的父親擔(dān)心是否會失去工作。

4、賓語從句放在句首表示強調(diào)時，只能用whether。如：

Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know.這是否真的，我真的不知道。

（例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem.他們是否能準(zhǔn)時完成這項工作還是個問題。－－此例為主語從句，有誤，感謝指出）

5、用if會引起歧義時，只用whether。如：

例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ? 這句話有兩種意思：“你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎？”或“如果你知道答案，請告訴我，好嗎？”。如用whether可避免歧義.九、否定轉(zhuǎn)移

1)將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。I don't think I know you.我想我并不認識你。

嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。

注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。I hope you weren't ill.我想你沒有生病吧。

2)將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到前面。

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看來他們不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。3)有時將動名詞，介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷χ^語動詞的否定。I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我記得從未見過這樣一個人。(not否定動名詞短語 having…)

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在這里，人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。(anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。)4)有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉(zhuǎn)移到謂語動詞前。

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.(否定狀語)螞蟻不只是為自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.(否定because狀語)他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.(否定狀語many weeks)她結(jié)婚還不到幾個月，這個人的弟弟就看見她了，并對她的美貌著了迷。

十、高考熱點透視

1.___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995)A.There B.This C.That D.It 答案D。當(dāng)名詞從句在句中作主語時，為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it作形式主語置于句首，而將真正的主語從句放在句尾。此時it只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無實義。此句也可以改寫為：That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.2．A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）

A．how B．a(chǎn)fter C．what D．when

答案C。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的空白處應(yīng)該填引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞，做主句謂語動詞do的賓語，同時該連接詞還是從句中的do的賓語，因此，此處的連接詞應(yīng)該用what。3.He asked ____ for a violin．（MET1992）

A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid 答案：D。賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，句子語序要用陳述語序。

4.What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．（上海2001年春季招生）

A.when B.how C.whether D.why

答案C。這是一個表語從句。根據(jù) doubt一詞可知，所懷疑的應(yīng)是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。這句話的意思是“醫(yī)生真的懷疑我媽媽是否能很快從重病中恢復(fù)過來。” 5．It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants.(NMET1997)A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 答案B。根據(jù)句意“一般認為孩子要什么就給什么是不好的。”可以看出后面的從句應(yīng)是一個賓語從句，而從句中wants缺少賓語，A.however 和D.whenever是不能作賓語的；排除A和D，whichever表示“無論哪一個，無論哪些”，應(yīng)表示一定范圍內(nèi)的人或物，此處沒有涉及事物的范圍，所以應(yīng)選 B．whatever，表示“無論什么”。

6.______leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.(MET1988)

嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 答案C。本題句子的意思是：無論誰最后離開房間一定要把燈關(guān)掉。本題考查連接代詞whoever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，連接代詞whoever可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，并在從句中作主語，相當(dāng)于any person who或The person who, 意為“一切……的人”。而anyone和the person均非連詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句，況who leaves the room last意為“某個最后離開房間的人”，與題意不符，如果要選A.Anyone或B.The person，都必須在它們后面再加上引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞who。如果要選D.Who就體現(xiàn)不出“無論誰”的含義了。

7.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______shares her interests.(Shanghai1995)A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 答案為C。本題句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同愛好的人交朋友。疑問詞+ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句的區(qū)別是：前者既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；后者只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。首先排除A和D，從句中需要的是主語，所以whomever也不行。

8.----I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.----Is that ______ you had a few days off ?(NMET1999)A.why B.what C.when D.where

答案A。根據(jù)語境，甲說上周驅(qū)車去珠海觀看航模展覽。乙據(jù)此來詢問甲這是否是請幾天假的原因，故答案是A。答案B,C, D均與該題語境不符。根據(jù)上句提供的語境，下句應(yīng)該問“那就是你為什么離開幾天的原因嗎？”

9.I still remember ______ this used to be a quiet village.(NMET1993)A.when B.how C.where D.what

答案A。根據(jù)從句中缺少的句子成分是狀語，排除D．what，而答案C, D均與題意不符，所以應(yīng)選A．when。used to be表示一種過去存在的狀態(tài)，本句的意思是“我仍然記得這里在什么時候是個寧靜的地方。”

10．I read about it in some book or other，does it matter ____ it was？（2001春季招生）

A．where B．what C．how D．which

答案D。這是一個主語從句。主語從句中缺少表語。從上句的意思分析，應(yīng)是哪本書，所以要填which，這句話的意思是“我在某本書中讀到過有關(guān)這方面的內(nèi)容，是哪一本書重要嗎？”。

11.Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C when D.as(2001年上海)答案B。該題考查that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。同位語從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message名詞后，用來解釋或說明名詞的內(nèi)容。12.—I think it is going to be a big problem.—Yes, it could be.—I wonder ______ we can do about it.(北京 2002春季)A、if B、how C、what D、that 答案C。本題考察名詞性從句的連接詞的用法。wonder后面應(yīng)跟賓語從句，而從句中的謂語動詞do是及物動詞，可見從句缺少一個代替賓語的成分，我們可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引導(dǎo)方式狀語的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我們能就此做些什么”。

十一、專項考點練習(xí)

1.________that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A.It is said B.They are said C.It said D.It says 答案A：句型It is said that+主語從句。類似的還有It is believed that……etc 2._____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

A.What B.That C.How D.Where

答案A：觀察此從句中缺少主語，而能在主語從句中即充當(dāng)主語成分又引導(dǎo)的就只有what了 3.It worried Mary a lot _____ she would pass the college entrance examination.A.whether B.if C.that D.how

4.Shanghai has taken on a new look.It isn’t like _____ it used to be.A.what B.how C.that D.which

5.____ is no possibility ______ Bob will win the first prize in the match.A.There, that B.It, that C.There, whether D.It, whether

6.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before.A.that B.how C.what D.where

7.The old man smiled when he saw how pretty _____ up to be during the past few years.A.had his daughter grown B.would his daughter grow C.his daughter would grow D.his daughter had grown

8.Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to know _______.A.how she is getting along B.how is she getting along C.what she is getting along D.what is she getting along 9.____surprised me most was _____such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A.That;what B.What;that C.That;that D.What;what 10.These wild flowers are so special I would do ______ I can to save them.A.whatever B.which C.that D.whichever 11._____ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.The person

12.Eat _____ you like and leave the others for _____ comes in late.A.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever

13.____ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What;why B.That;why C.What;because D.Why;that 14.It was ____ he said ___ disappointed me.A.What;that B.That;that C.What;what D.That;what 15.It was ordered that all the soldiers _______to the front.A.should send B.must be sent C.should be sent D.must go 16.The true value of life is not in ______, but _______.A.which we get;what give we B.what we get;what we give C.which do we get;what do we give D.how we get;that we give 17.We are all for your proposal that the discussion _______.A.be put off B.was put off C.should put off D.is to be put off 18.Go and get your coat．It's ____ you left it．

A.where B.there C.here where D.where there

19.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who

20.You can’t imagine ______ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited

Keys:1---5 A A A A A 6---10 C D A B A 11----15 C C A A C 16---20 B A A C B

嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

名詞性從句練習(xí)(一)1.His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.A.that B.the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact 2.“Is Mary from New York City ” “I don't know _______.” A.from what city does she come from

B.from what city she come C.what city does she come from

D.what city she comes from 3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 4.The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.A.because I got B.because of getting C.I got D.that I got 5.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while

B.that

C.if

D.for 6.Henry killed the dog.I'll ask him why ________.A.did he do that

B.he did that C.he did

D.he has done so 7.Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.A.how he is getting along

B.how is he getting along C.what he is getting along

D.what is he getting along 8.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 9.He asked me ________ with me.A.what is the trouble B.what wrong was C.what was the matter D.what trouble it is 10.I am sure ________ he said is true.A.that B.about that C.of that D.that what 11.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not bee 12.I wonder how much ________.A.does the watch cost B.did the watch cost

C.the watch costed D.the watch costs 13.Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.A.afraid of B.afraid about C.afraid that D.afraid for 14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late

B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late

D.Being a few minutes late 15.They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.A.that not all things can be done

B.because of not all things be done C.being not all things can be done D.because not all things can be done 16.Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A.for B.because C.since D.that 17.I don't doubt ________ he'll come.A.that

B.if

C.what

D.whether 18.“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr.Wang ”

“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.”

A.which the room B.which room C.what was the room D.what room was it 19.Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.A.that B.which C.what D.of which 20.Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.Carol: Yes.Because she's always saved ________.A.what little she earns B.how little she earns C.for little she earns D.with little she earns 21._______ surprised me most was ________ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A.That...what B.What...that C.That...which D.What...which

嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

22.We gave him ________ help we could.A.which B.what C.that D.this 23.She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.A.that

B.which

C.all what

D.all that 24.Excuse me would you please tell me ________

A.when the sports meet is taken place

B.when is the sports meet going to be held C.when is the sports meet to begin

D.when the sports meet is to take place 25.Do you happen to know ________

A.what size shoes he wears

B.how big shoes he wears C.what is the size of his shoes D.what number shoes are his 26.This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.A.how you have observed

B.how what you have observed C.that you have observed

D.how that you have observed 27.Where do you think ________

A.has he gone

B.has he been

C.he's gone

D.was he 28.Do you know ________

A.how many populations there are in the world B.how much population there is in the world C.how many the population of the world is

D.what the population of the world is 29.Would you go and see ________ outside

A.what to take place B.what Tom has happened C.what is happening D.what the matter had been 30.The subject of “What is interesting is that I do not even know him.” is_______.A.what B.interesting C.What is interesting D.I 31.________ I think he is Charles.A.Who do you think he is

B.Do you think who he is

C.Whom do you think he is D.Do you think who he is 32.He didn't know which room ________.A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 33.The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.A.that B.which C.whatever D.no matter what 34.The city is no longer ________.A.what it is B.that it used to be C.which it was D.what it used to be 35.My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.A.which B.that C.what D.all what 36.______ we go swimming every day _____ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of A.What...that B.That...what C.How...why D.Why...how 38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do

A.That...what B.What...that C.Where...which D.Which...where 39.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.A.what that B.that what C.that which D.which that 40.I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 41.“Do you know ________ ” “His father is a doctor.” A.what is his father B.who is his father

C.what his father is D.who his father is 42.Is this ________ we met each other two years ago

嘉興英語教學(xué)網(wǎng) www.tmdps.cn 收集整理 歡迎使用

A.place B.place in which C.where D.place which 43.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 44.We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A.where B.wherever C.that D.that wherever

45.They discussed _______ they could settle the problem without others' help.A.if B.that C.what D.whether 46.She asked ________.A.what I was doing when she rang me up

B.what was I doing when she rang me up C.when she rang me up what I was doing

D.when did she ring me up what I was doing 47.161718192021-頁 共 21 頁

第二篇：名詞性從句講解

名詞性從句講解

在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點主要有以下5個方面 1.考查名詞性從句的語序問題

2.考查引導(dǎo)詞that與what的區(qū)別

3.考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法

4.考查whether與if的區(qū)別

5.考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題 語法要點剖析

一、名詞性從句

主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個句子中所起的作用，相當(dāng)于一個名詞。因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞：that, whether, if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：when, where, how, why 1.主語從句

作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。It is known to us how he became a writer.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。

有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句

（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句

（4）It + 不及物動詞 + that從句 It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that?

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that ? It is said(reported, believed, known, etc.)that? It does not matter(seems,appears etc)? 2.賓語從句

名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1.由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時,第二個分句前的that不可略，且并列句之間由and連接。He has told me(that)he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。He found(that)he lost himself in the forest and that he had no way to dicide the right directions.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在樹林里迷路了，而他又無法確定正確的方向。

注意：在demand、order、suggest、insist, desire,等表示要求、命令、建議、等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“（should）+ 動詞原形”。

I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我堅持要她自己工作。2.用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告訴了你什么。

She always thinks of how she can work well.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。3.用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句實為一般疑問句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：

a.引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時；b.引導(dǎo)表語從句時；

c.引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時；

d.從句后有“or not”時；

Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。

4.注意賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用 不同時態(tài)。

I know(that)he will study English next year.（從句用一般將來時）

當(dāng)主句動詞是過去時態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，如一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。

The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America． Our teacher told us that the earth runs around the sun

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳木渲械姆穸ㄐ问揭频街骶渲小e don’t think you are here.我們認為你不在這。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不會這樣做。3.表語從句

在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用as if引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。

The fact is that we have lost the game.事實是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場比賽。That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.那就是他為什么不到會的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，當(dāng)主語是reason時，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 4.同位語從句

同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如： The news that we won the game is exciting.我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么時候回來。同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。

試比較下面兩個例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life ？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

第三篇：名詞性從句講解

名詞性從句與高考試題

名詞性從句的界定與分類：

名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句中的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。從屬連詞that, if, whether;

連接代詞who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whose;連接副詞where, when, why, how。

其中, 從屬連詞只起連接作用, 在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句法成分，而連接代詞和連接副詞既起連接作用, 在從句中又充當(dāng)一定的成分.名詞性從句均不能用逗號和主句分開。

一、主語從句：

定義：一個從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語，這個從句就叫主語從句。

二、主語從句的表現(xiàn)形式： １.由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句：

a.Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss.b.That light travels in straight line is known to all.２.由連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句： a.What we need is more time.b.Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.c.Whoever comes will be welcome.３.由連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句：

a.When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced ． b.Where he has been is still a puzzle.c.How much water is flowing can be measured easily.三、關(guān)于形式主語 it

主語從句放在句首往往顯得頭重腳輕，不太平衡，因此，在大多數(shù)情況下都是在主語的位置上用一個形式主語 it，而把主語從句移到句未去。

關(guān)于形式主語 it: 以 it 作形式主語，把主語從句后置的常用句型有：（1）It + be + 形容詞 + that/wh-從句

It is quite clear that Tom was fond of music.（2）It + be + 名詞 + that/wh-從句

It is a pity that she has made such a foolish mistake.可應(yīng)用于此句型的名詞還有fact / shame / honor / question等。（3）It + be + 過去分詞 + that/wh-從句

It’s not yet decided that when the test will be given.（4）It seems, happens 等不及物動詞 + that/wh-從句 It happened that I didn’t take any money with me.但以下情況往往必須用it作形式主語，主語從句一般不能放在句首。a.It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not.b.It’s said that the highway will be open to traffic next year.c.Is it likely that it will snow in the afternoon? 練習(xí)：

1． ____ you don't like him is none of my business．（92上海）A．What B．Who C．That D．Whether A．What B．That C．This D．Which

2． ____ she couldn't understand was _____fewer and fewer students showed interests in her lessons．（2000上海）

A．What；why B．That；what C．What；because D．Why；that

3． ____has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising．（99上海）A．Who B．The one C．Anyone D．Whoever

4． ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have．（NMET96）A．What；what B．What；that C．That；that D．That；what

5． ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather．（NMET96）A．If B．Whether C．That D．Where

6． ____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present．（MET93）A．What B．That C．The fact D．The matter 二, 表語從句：

定義：一個從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的表語，這個從句就叫作表語從句。可以接表語從句的連系動詞有 be, look, remain, seem 等。

1.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.2.The question remains whether we can win the people.3.That’s just what I want.4.This is where our problem lies.5.The difficulty is how I can help smokers kick their habit.值提注意的是：

1.表語從句的表現(xiàn)形式除了用從屬連詞，連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)以外，還可以由as, as if ,as though引導(dǎo).Things were not as they seemed.It looks as if it is going to rain.2、另外還要注意以下常用的兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：

The reason why…is that …(而不用 because。)It(this, that)is because…

The reason why he was dismissed is that he didn’t work hard.It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.練習(xí)：

1.What the doctors really doubt is____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．

A．when B．how C．whether D．why

2.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week． —Is that ____ you had a few days off？（NMET99）A．why B．when C．what D．where

3.Go and get your coat．It's____ you left it．（MET92）A．there B．where C．there where D．where there

4.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella．____I got wet all through．（98上海）A．It's the reason B．That's why C．There's why D．It's how 三，同位語從句：

定義：在復(fù)合句中，用作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。

同位語從句一般由 that, whether 等連詞引導(dǎo)，常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名詞的后面，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。

l.The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.2.I have no idea when he will be back.3.The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.4.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。

試比較下面兩個例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

練習(xí)：

1.Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities．（2001上海）

A．while B．that C．when D．a(chǎn)s

2.______ is no possibility _______.Bob can win the first prize I the match.(上海2001春)A、There;that B、It;what C、There;whether D、It;whether 四，賓語從句

定義：一個從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，這個從句就叫作賓語從句。賓語從句可以作及物動詞的賓詞，介詞的賓語，某些形容詞的賓語以及非謂語動詞的賓語。1．及物動詞后的賓語從句：

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.I wonder why she refused my invitation.2．介詞后的賓語從句：

I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.The teacher is satisfied with what she has said.3．某些形容詞后的賓語從句：

I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.關(guān)于形式賓語it

We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.練習(xí)：

1.When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule：Always give the monky exactly____ he wants．（2002年春季上海）A．what B．which C．when D．that

2.—I think it's going to be a big problem ． —Yes，it could be．

—I wonder ____ we can do about it．（2002春季北京、安徽、內(nèi)蒙古）A．if B．how C．what D.that

3.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）A．how B．a(chǎn)fter C．what D．when

4.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster____ he had done the day before． A．that B．how C．where D．what

5.These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them（2000春季北京、安徽）A．whatever B．that C．which D．whichever

6.Eat ____ cake you like and leave the others for ____ comes in late．（2000春季上海）A．a(chǎn)ny；who B．every；whoever C．whichever；whoever D．either；whoever

7.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants．（NMET97）A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever

8.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____shares her interests．（95上海）A．a(chǎn)nyone B．whom ever C．whoever D．no matter who

學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句時要注意以下幾點：

1.在名詞性從句中，疑問句要用陳述句的語序。例如：

Someone is ringing the doorbell．Go and see ____．（2000上海）A．who is he B．who he is C．who is it D．who it is Can you make sure ____the gold ring ？（MET90）

A．where Alice had put B．where had Alice put C．where Alice has put D．where has Alice put

You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents．（94上海）A．how they were excited B．how excited they were C．how excited were they D．they were how excited

2.動詞 doubt 用在疑問句或否定句時，其后賓語從句常用 that 作連接詞；用在肯定句時，連接詞用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用 that。

Do you doubt that he will win ? I don't doubt that your proposition is wrong.He doubt whether I know it.3.否定轉(zhuǎn)移問題。在主句為第一人稱主語后跟 think , believe , suppose , expect , guess , imagine 等動詞時，賓語從句的否定形式應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。We don't expect he will come tonight , will he ? 4.主謂一致問題。

What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world． What I bought were three English books． 5.語氣問題

a.在含有 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，that從句常用“（should）+ 動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)

I suggest we(should)set off at once.b.在It is ＋過去分詞＋that的主語從句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested，required等。It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening． c.在表語從句或同位語從句中。

The suggestion that the mayor(should)present the prizes was accepted by everyone．

d.在It is（was）＋形容詞＋that從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should ＋）動詞原形，表示建議或不滿、驚奇等情緒。常用于此類的形容詞有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。It is necessary that a college student ________ at least a foreign language．（上海1993）

A．masters B．should master C．mastered D．will master 6．What引導(dǎo)名詞從句的特殊含義:

What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．

(what為“所……的事”，相當(dāng)于“the thing that．．．；all that．．．；everything that．．．”)After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．

A．what B．when C．that D．which

He is not what he was a few years ago． Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？ What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world． Our income is now double what it was ten years ago

第四篇：高二英語語法復(fù)習(xí)—名詞性從句（定稿）

高二英語語法復(fù)習(xí)—名詞性從句

英語組鐘昌亮

一、翻譯：臺灣屬于中國。

1.我們都知道臺灣屬于中國。

2.事實是臺灣屬于中國。

3.臺灣屬于中國是大家都知道的。

4.我們都知道這個事實—臺灣屬于中國。

名詞性從句相當(dāng)于一個名詞短語,在復(fù)合句中分別充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語和同位語,所以被稱為以上四種從句。

二、名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞

1.從屬連詞

2.連接代詞（既起連接作用，本身又作從句中的主語，賓語，表語或定語）

3.連接副詞（既起連接作用，本身又作從句的狀語）

三、名詞性從句考點：

1、連接詞的選用

we can’t get seems better than ___we have.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;that

2.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that _____you had a few days off?

A.whyB whenC.whatD where

A.forB.thatC.at whichD.which

解題技巧:連接詞的選用看從句所缺的成分----缺什么補什么

2、that/what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別

that:引導(dǎo)四種名詞性從句。在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，只起連接作用。

what:引導(dǎo)主，賓，表語從句。在從句中充當(dāng)主，賓，表語成分，還起連接作用（“什么，…東西/事情”).Ex._____ made the school proud was______ more than

90％ of the students had been admitted to key universities

A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because 找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出考點：

1.Can you tell me how many students are there in your class?

2.I don't know where has he gone.3.The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.４.He wondered why he doesn’t come.3.名詞性從句用陳述語序解題技巧：找準(zhǔn)從句的主語和謂語—S+V（從句為陳述語序）

5.We suggested that we would go to the cinema.6.My suggestion is that we must do our homework first.7.His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.4.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

判斷正誤

1.If we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet.（）

2.The question is whether the film is worth seeing.（）

3.The news if our team has won the match is unknown.()

4.It all depends on if they will support us.()

5.He asked me whether I could go with him or not.()

6.I didn’t know whether to go there.()

7..It is doubtful whether/if he will come here.()

5.whether,if 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別

選擇正確答案

1.He didn’t make _____ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these

2._____ felt funny watching myself on TV.A.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That

3.It is obvious to the students _____ they should get well prepared for their future.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that

6.it作形式主語，賓語的情況.解題技巧:觀察句末是否有真正的主語或賓語

7.連詞that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句與關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別.觀察：

1）The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.()

2)The news(that)you told me yesterday was true.()

解題技巧:觀察先詞與從句之間的關(guān)系---先行詞與同位語從句是同等關(guān)---n.=從句 關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句時，一方面起引導(dǎo)定語從句的作用，另一方面，that在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，賓語或表語，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句時殘缺的。

Summary：

一.名詞性從句的種類及其定義。

二.名詞性從句考點：

1.名詞性從句連接詞的選擇

2..that/what

3.名詞性從句用陳述語序

4.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

5.whether/if

6.it作形式主語和形式賓語。

7..that引導(dǎo)同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別

名詞性從句試題：

1.The doctor thought ______would be good for you to have a holiday.（全國Ⅱ）

A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it

2.We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.(全國I）

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

is in charge of International Sales please?(全國I）

A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever

that haman beings are naturally equipped to speak.（全國Ⅱ）

A.saidB.to sayC.sayingD.being said

5.It is necessary that a college student____ at least a foreign language.A.mastersB.should masterC.masteredD.will master

6.See the flag on the top of the building?That is ____ we did this morning(全國卷I)

A.whenB.whichC.whereD．what

7.The fact has worried many the earth is becoming warmer andwarmer these years.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though

（全國Ⅱ）

A.WhatB.whyC.whereD.Which.9.One reason for her preference for city life is places like shops and restaurants.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why.10.Please remind me he said he was going.I may be in time to see him off.（全國I）

A.whereB.whenC.howD.what

he goes with, whether his friend or relatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why

12.----How about camping this weekend,just for a change?

you want.A.whichever B.howeverC.whateverD.whoever

13.---What did your parents think about your decision?

---They always let me do _______ I think I should.（全國II）

A.whenB.thatC.howD.what

14It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although

about two thousand patients have taken it.A．thatB．whatC．howD．whether

15.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew _____she was so angry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why

16.—Have you finished the book?（全國Ⅱ）

---No, I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.A.whichB.whatC.hatD.where

第五篇：高考英語語法：名詞性從句

www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句。名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。17.1 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞： that, whether ,if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 連接副詞：when, where, how, why 不可省略的連詞：

1.介詞后的連詞

2.引導(dǎo)主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。例如：

That she was chosen made us very happy.她被選上了，我們很高興。

We heard the news that our team had won.我們聽到消息說我們隊贏了。

比較：whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，whether 不能被if 取代：

1.whether引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首

2.引導(dǎo)表語從句

3.whether從句作介詞賓語

4.從句后有“or not”

大部分連接詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當(dāng)形式主語。例如：

It is not important who will go.誰去，這不重要。

It is still unknown which team will win the match.到底誰贏呢，形勢尚不明朗。17.2 名詞性that-從句 www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

1）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語。例如：

主語：That he is still alive is sheer luck.他還活著全靠運氣。

賓語：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。表語：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。同位語：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近來誰也沒有見過他，這一情況令辦公室所有的人不安。

形容詞賓語：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你對工作滿意我感到很高興。2）That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末。例如：

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個計劃注定要失敗。

It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系：

a.It + be +形容詞+ that-從句

It is necessary that…

有必要……

It is important that…

重要的是……

It is obvious that…

很明顯…… b.It + be +-ed 分詞+ that-從句

It is believed that…

人們相信……

It is known to all that…

從所周知……

It has been decided that…

已決定…… c.It + be +名詞+ that-從句

It is common knowledge that…

……是常識

www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

It is a surprise that…

令人驚奇的是……

It is a fact that…

事實是…… d.It +不及物動詞+ that-分句

It appears that…

似乎……

It happens that…

碰巧……

It occurred to me that…

我突然想起…… 17.3 名詞性wh-從句

1）由wh-詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。

Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當(dāng)介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等。例如：

主語： How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。直接賓語：In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。

間接賓語：The club will give whoever wins a prize.獲勝者俱樂部將頒獎。

表語： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。

賓語補足語：She will name him whatever she wants to.她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。

同位語：

I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么時候回來。

形容詞賓語：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。

介詞賓語： That depends on where we shall go.那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?）Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語，而將wh-從句置于句末。例如：

It is not yet decided who will do that job.還沒決定誰做這項工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時結(jié)婚依然不明。17.4 if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句

1）yes-no型疑問從句 www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉(zhuǎn)化而來的，因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同。例如：

主語：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。

賓語：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。

表語：The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。

同位語：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調(diào)查他是否值得信賴。

形容詞賓語： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。

介詞賓語： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔(dān)心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。

2）選擇性疑問從句

選擇性疑問從句由關(guān)聯(lián)詞if/whether…or或whethe…or not構(gòu)成。例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。

I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。17.5 否定轉(zhuǎn)移

1）將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。例如：

I don't think I know you.我想我并不認識你。

I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。

注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。例如：

I hope you weren't ill.我想你沒有生病吧。

2）將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到前面。例如：

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看來他們不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。www.tmdps.cn 解決高考問題，就上高考圈

3）有時將動名詞，介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷χ^語動詞的否定。例如：

I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我記得從未見過這樣一個人。（not否定動名詞短語 having…）

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在這里，人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。（anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。）

4）有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉(zhuǎn)移到謂語動詞前。例如：

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.（否定狀語）螞蟻不只是為自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.（否定because狀語）

他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struckby her beauty.（否定狀語many weeks）她結(jié)婚還不到幾個月，這個人的弟弟就看見她了，并對她的美貌著了迷。