第一篇：卡梅倫首相在北京大學的演講全文

【唐寧街10號】卡梅倫首相在北京大學的演講全文

Twenty five years ago I came to Hong Kong as a student.The year was 1985.Deng Xiaoping and Margaret Thatcher had recently signed the historic Joint Declaration.The remarkable story of the successful handover of Hong Kong and the great progress Hong Kong has continued to make is an example to the world of what can be achieved when two countries cooperate in confidence and with mutual respect.Since then, China has changed almost beyond recognition.China’s National Anthem famously calls on the people of China to stand up…

Qi lai qi lai(stand up, stand up)Today the Chinese people are not just standing up in their own country.They are standing up in the world.No longer can people talk about the global economy without including the country that has grown on average ten per cent a year for three decades.No longer can we talk about trade without the country that is now the world’s largest exporter and third largest importer.And no longer can we debate energy security or climate change without the country that is one of the world’s biggest consumers of energy.China is on course to reclaim, later this century, its position as the world’s biggest economy, the position it has held for 18 of the last 20 centuries, and an achievement of which the Chinese people are justly proud.Put simply: China has re-emerged as a great global power.Threat or Opportunity Now people can react to this in one of two ways.They can see China’s rise as a threat or they can see it as an opportunity.They can protect their markets from China or open their markets to China.They can try and shut China out or welcome China in, to a new place at the top table of global affairs.There has been a change of Government in Britain and a change of Prime Minister.But on this vital point there is absolute continuity between my government and the Governments of Tony Blair and Gordon Brown.We want a strong relationship with China.Strong on trade.Strong on investment.Strong on dialogue.I made that clear as Leader of the Opposition when I visited Beijing and Chongqing three years ago.And I repeat it as Prime Minister here in China’s capital today.In the argument about how to react to the rise of China, I say it’s an opportunity.I choose engagement not disengagement.Dialogues not stand-off.Mutual benefit, not zero-sum game.Partnership not protectionism.Britain is the country that argues most passionately for globalization and free trade.Free trade is in our DNA.And we want trade with China as much of it as we can get.That’s why I have with me on this visit one of the biggest and most high-powered delegations a British Prime Minister has ever led to China.Just think about some of the prizes that the rise of China could help to bring within our grasp.Strong, and sustainable growth for the global economy.Vital progress on the Doha trade round which could add $170 billion to the global economy.A real chance to get back on track towards a legally binding deal on emissions.Unprecedented progress in tackling poverty.China has lifted 500 million people out of poverty in just thirty years.Although there is still a long way to go – that’s more people lifted out of poverty than at any time in human history.You can see the results right across this enormous country.When I worked in Hong Kong briefly in 1985, Shenzhen was barely more than a small town, surrounded by paddy fields and waterways.Today it is a city larger than London.It makes most of the world’s iPods and one in ten of its mobile phones.And there are other benefits too in tackling the world’s most intractable problems.I welcome the fact, for example, that more than 900 Chinese doctors now work in African countries and that in Uganda it is a Chinese pharmaceutical firm that is introducing a new anti-malarial drug.So I want to make the positive case for the world to see China’s rise as an opportunity not a threat.But China needs to help us to make that argument to demonstrate that as your economy grows, so do our shared interests, and our shared responsibilities.We share an interest in China’s integration into the world economy, which is essential for China’s development.If we are to maintain Europe’s openness to China, we must be able to show that China is open to Europe.So we share an interest in an international system governed by rules and norms.We share an interest in effective cooperative governance, including for the world economy.We share an interest in fighting protectionism and in a co-ordinate rebalancing between surplus and deficit countries.These interests, those responsibilities are both economic and political.Let me take each in turn.Economic Responsibilities First, economic responsibilities.Let’s get straight to the point.The world economy has begun to grow again after the crisis.But that growth is very uneven.Led by China, Asia and other emerging markets are growing quickly.But in much of the advanced world growth is slow and fragile and unemployment stubbornly high.We should not be surprised at this.The crisis has damaged many advanced economies and weakened their financial sectors.They face major structural and fiscal adjustments to rebalance their economies.This is true of my own country.We know what steps we need to take to restore the public finances and rebalance our economy towards greater saving and investment and greater exports.And we have begun to take them.But for the world economy to be able to grow strongly again – and to grow without creating the dangerous economic and financial instabilities that led to the crisis, we need more than just adjustment in the advanced world.The truth is that some countries with current account surpluses have been saving too much while others like mine with deficits have been saving too little.And the result has been a dangerous tidal wave of money going from one side of the globe to the other.We need a more balanced pattern of global demand and supply, a more balanced pattern of global saving and investment.Now sometimes when you hear people talk about economic imbalances, it can seem as though countries that are successful at exporting are being blamed for their success.That’s absolutely not the case.We all share an interest and a responsibility to co-operate to secure strong and balanced global growth.There is no greater illustration of this than what happened to China as the western banking system collapsed.Chinese exports fell 12 per cent.Growth dropped to its lowest point in more than a decade and some 20 million jobs were lost in the Chinese export sector.Changes in the structure of our economies will take time.What is important is that the major economies of the world have a shared vision of the path of this change: what actions countries should avoid;what actions countries need to take and, crucially, over what period it should happen.This is why the G20 – and the meeting in Seoul – is so important.Together we can agree a common approach.We can commit to the necessary actions.We can agree that we will hold each other to account.And just as China played a leading role at the G20 in helping to avert a global depression, so it can lead now.I know from my discussions with Premier Wen how committed China is to actions to rebalance its economy.China is already talking about moving towards increased domestic consumption, better healthcare and welfare, more consumer goods as its middle class grows, and in time introducing greater market flexibility into its exchange rate.This cannot be completed overnight, but it must happen.Let’s be clear about the risks if it does not, about what is at stake for China and for the UK – countries that depend on an open global economy.At the worst point of the crisis, we averted protectionism.But at a time of slow growth and high unemployment in many countries those pressures will rise again, already you can see them.Countries will increasingly be tempted to try to maximise their own growth and their own employment, at the expense of others.Globalization – the force that has been so powerful in driving development and bringing huge numbers into the world economy could go into reverse.If we follow that path we will all lose out.The West would lose for sure.But so too would China.For the last two decades, trade has been a very positive factor in China’s re-emergence on the world stage.It has driven amazing growth and raised the living standards of millions.Trade has helped stitch back China’s network of relations with countries across the world.We need to make sure that it does not turn into a negative factor.Just as the West wants greater access to Chinese markets, so China wants greater access to Western markets, and it wants market economy status in the EU too.I had very constructive talks with Premier Wen on exactly this issue yesterday.I will make the case for China to get market economy status in the EU, but China needs to help, by showing that it is committed to becoming more open, as it becomes more prosperous.And we need to work together to do more to protect intellectual property rights, because this will give more businesses confidence to come and invest in China.UK companies are uniquely placed to support China’s demand for more high value goods for its consumers.Our Pavilion at the World Expo in Shanghai – which won the Gold Award for the best Pavilion design – was a showcase for so many of Britain’s strengths from advanced engineering to education, from great brands to great pharmaceutical businesses, from low carbon to financial services to the creative industries.In all these areas and many more, British companies and British exports can help China deliver the prosperity and progress it seeks.We can be part of China’s development strategy, just as China is part of ours.A true partnership of growth, in recent days, Britain has won new business worth billions of pounds involving companies across the UK and cities all over China.Including a deal between Rolls Royce and China Eastern Airlines for 16 Airbus 330 aero engines worth ￡750 million, and inward investments worth in excess of ￡300 million

This is all in addition to at least ￡3bn of business which British companies have secured as part of the Airbus contract concluded with China last week,and a further ￡2 billion of investments by Tesco to develop new shopping malls over the next five years.And with nearly 50 of Britain’s most influential culture, education and business leaders joining me on this visit.I hope these deals can be just the beginning of a whole new era of bilateral trade between our countries.Achieving this would be a real win-win for our two countries.So if China is prepared to pursue further opening of its markets and to work with Britain and the other G20 countries to rebalance the world economy and take steps over time towards internationalising its currency that will go a long way towards helping the global economy lock in the stability it needs for strong and sustainable growth.And just as importantly, it will go a long way in securing confidence in the global community that China as an economic power is a force for good.Political Responsibilities

But China does not just have new economic power.It has new political power.And that brings new political responsibilities too.What China says – and what China does – really matters.There is barely a global issue that needs resolution, which does not beg the questions: what does China think, and how can China contribute to a solution? China has attempted to avoid entanglement in global affairs in the past.But China’s size and global reach means that this is no longer a realistic choice.Whether it’s climate change or development, health and education or global security, China is too big and too important now not to play its part.On climate change, an international deal has to be fair.And that means that countries with different histories can’t all be expected to contribute in exactly the same way.But a fair deal also means that all countries contribute and all are part of an agreement.And there’s actually a huge opportunity here for China.Because China can really profit from having some of the most efficient green energy in the world.On international security, great powers have a bigger interest than anyone in preserving stability.Take development for example, China is one of the fastest growing investors in Africa with a vital influence over whether Africa can become a new source of growth for the world economy.We want to work together to ensure that the money we spend in Africa is not supporting corrupt and intolerant regimes.And the meeting of the UN Security Council which the British Foreign Secretary will chair later this month provides a good opportunity to step up our co-operation on Sudan.As China’s star rises again in the world, so does its stake in a stable and ordered world, in which trade flows freely.Today, China is the world’s second biggest importer of oil, and Sudan is one of your most important suppliers.So China has a direct national interest in working for stability in Sudan.And four fifths of your oil imports pass through the Malacca Straits.So like Britain and the other big trading nations, you depend on open sea lanes.And like us, your stability and prosperity depends in part on the stability and prosperity of others.Whether it’s nuclear proliferation, a global economic crisis or the rise of international terrorism, today’s threats to our security do not respect geographical boundaries.The proliferation of nuclear material endangers lives in Nanjing as well as New York.China is playing an active role in helping to prevent conflagration over North Korea.We have been working with China in the UN Security Council to keep up the pressure on Iran, and China’s continuing role here is vital if we are to prevent Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapon.In your own region, I believe China can work with us to improve the situation for the Burmese people.And China is one of the few countries that Burma will listen to on this point.But political responsibilities are not just about how one country interacts with another, those responsibilities also apply to the way a country empowers its own people.Political Perspectives It is undeniable that greater economic freedom has contributed to China’s growing economic strength.As China’s economy generates higher living standards and more choice for Chinese people, there is inevitably debate within China about the relationship between greater economic freedom and greater political freedom.I recognise that we approach these issues with different perspectives.I understand too that being in government is a huge challenge.I’m finding that running a country of 60 million people.So I can only begin to imagine what it is like leading a country of 1.3 billion.I realise this presents challenges of a different order of magnitude.When I came here last I was Britain’s Leader of the Opposition.Now we’ve had a General Election.It produced a Coalition Government, which combines two different political parties – the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats – with different histories and political philosophies, working together for the good of our country.The Labour Party is now the official Opposition, with a constitutional duty to hold the new Government publicly to account.Indeed if I were not in Beijing this Wednesday afternoon, I would be preparing for my weekly session of Prime Minister’s questions in the House of Commons, where MPs question me freely about the whole range of government policy.All the time the government is subject to the rule of law.These are constraints on the government, and at times they can be frustrating when the Courts take a view with which the government differs, but ultimately we believe that they make our government better and our country stronger.Through the media, the public get to hear directly from people who hold different views from the government.That can be difficult at times, too.But we believe that the better informed the British public is about the issues affecting our society, the easier it is, ultimately, for the British government to come to sensible decisions and to develop robust policies that command the confidence of our people.I make these observations not because I believe that we have some moral superiority.Our own society is not perfect.There is still injustice which we must work hard to tackle.We are far from immune from poverty and the ills that afflict every nation on earth.But in arguing for a strong relationship between our countries, I want a relationship in which we can be open with each other, in which we can have constructive dialogue of give and take in a spirit of tolerance and mutual respect.The rise in economic freedom in China in recent years has been hugely beneficial to China and to the world.I hope that in time this will lead to a greater political opening because I am convinced that the best guarantor of prosperity and stability is for economic and political progress to go in step together.In some respects it already has.Ordinary Chinese people today have more freedom over where they live, what job they do, and where they travel than ever before.People blog and text more.It’s right to recognise this progress.But it’s right also that Britain should be open with China on issues where, no doubt partly because of our different history and culture, we continue to take a different view.There is no secret that we disagree on some issues, especially around human rights.We don’t raise these issues to make to us look good, or to flaunt publicly that we have done so.We raise them because the British people expect us to, and because we have sincere and deeply held concerns.And I am pleased that we have agreed the next human rights dialogue between our two governments for January.Because in the end, being able to talk through these issues – however difficult – makes our relationship stronger.Conclusion So let me finish where I began.China’s success – and continued success – is good for Britain and good for the world.It’s not in our national interests for China to stumble or for the Chinese economy to suffer a reverse.We have to make the case.and I hope China will help us make the case that as China gets richer, it does not follow that the rest of the world will get poorer.It is simply not true that as China rises again in the world, others must necessarily decline.Globalisation is not a zero sum game.If we manage things properly, if we win the arguments for free trade, if we find a way to better regulation, we can both grow together.But if we don’t, we will both suffer.I referred earlier to Britain’s Pavilion at the Shanghai Expo, “the Dandelion” We are extremely proud that it won a coveted prize, and that it proved so popular with Chinese visitors.It is, in its way, a symbol of the strength and the potential in our relationship.Two different countries, past and future Olympic hosts, on far sides of the world, sowing the seeds of a flourishing relationship in the future, a relationship which has the potential to grow and to bloom.Proof, perhaps, that Confucius was right when he said

“within the four seas all men are brothers” Yes, there we will be storms to weather.Yes, there will be perils to overcome.Yes, we will have to persevere.But it will be worth it – for Britain, for China and for the world.

第二篇：卡梅倫在北京大學演講全文

卡梅倫今天下午在北京大學演講之全文

David Cameron ’s speech at Beida University

China

Tuesday 9 November 2010

Twenty five years ago I came to Hong Kong as a student.The year was 1985.Deng Xiaoping and Margaret Thatcher had recently signed the historic Joint Declaration.The remarkable story of the successful handover of Hong Kong… …and the great progress Hong Kong has continued to make…

…is an example to the world of what can be achieved when two countries cooperate in confidence and with mutual respect.Since then, China has changed almost beyond recognition.China’s National Anthem famously calls on the people of China to stand up…

Qi lai qi lai(stand up, stand up)

Today the Chinese people are not just standing up in their own country… …they are standing up in the world.No longer can people talk about the global economy…

…without including the country that has grown on average ten per cent a year for three decades.No longer can we talk about trade…

…without the country that is now the world’s largest exporter and third largest importer… And no longer can we debate energy security or climate change…

…without the country that is one of the world’s biggest consumer of energy.China is on course to reclaim, later this century, its position as the world’s biggest economy… …the position it has held for 18 of the last 20 centuries.…and an achievement of which the Chinese people are justly proud.Put simply: China has re-emerged as a great global power.Threat or Opportunity

Now people can react to this in one of two ways.They can see China’s rise as a threat… …or they can see it as an opportunity.They can protect their markets from China… …or open their markets to China.They can try and shut China out…

…or welcome China in, to a new place at the top table of global affairs.There has been a change of Government in Britain and a change of Prime Minister.But on this vital point there is absolute continuity between my government and the Governments of Tony Blair and Gordon Brown.We want a strong relationship with China.Strong on trade.Strong on investment.Strong on dialogue.I made that clear as Leader of the Opposition when I visited Beijing and Chongqing three years ago.And I repeat it as Prime Minister here in China’s capital today.In the argument about how to react to the rise of China… …I say it’s an opportunity.I choose engagement not disengagement.Dialogue not stand-off.Mutual benefit, not zero-sum game.Partnership not protectionism.Britain is the country that argues most passionately for globalisation and free trade.Free trade is in our DNA.And we want trade with China.As much of it as we can get.That’s why I have with me on this visit one of the biggest and most high-powered delegations a British Prime Minister has ever led to China.Just think about some of the prizes that the rise of China could help to bring within our grasp.Strong, and sustainable growth for the global economy.Vital progress on the Doha trade round which could add $170 billion to the global economy.A real chance to get back on track towards a legally binding deal on emissions Unprecedented progress in tackling poverty.China has lifted 500 million people out of poverty in just thirty years.Although there is still a long way to go – that’s more people lifted out of poverty than at any time in human history.You can see the results right across this enormous country.When I worked in Hong Kong briefly in 1985, Shenzhen was barely more than a small town, surrounded by paddy fields and waterways.Today it is a city larger than London.It makes most of the world’s iPods and one in ten of its mobile phones.And there are other benefits too in tackling the world’s most intractable problems.I welcome the fact, for example, that more than 900 Chinese doctors now work in African countries and that in Uganda it is a Chinese pharmaceutical firm that is introducing a new anti-malarial drug.So I want to make the positive case…

…for the world to see China’s rise as an opportunity not a threat.But China needs to help us to make that argument…

…to demonstrate that as your economy grows, so do our shared interests, and our shared responsibilities.We share an interest in China’s integration into the world economy, which is essential for China’s development.If we are to maintain Europe’s openness to China, we must be able to show that China is open to Europe.So we share an interest in an international system governed by rules and norms.We share an interest in effective cooperative governance, including for the world economy.We share an interest in fighting protectionism…

…and in a co-ordinated rebalancing between surplus and deficit countries.These interests, those responsibilities are both economic and political.Let me take each in turn.Economic Responsibilities First, economic responsibilities.Let’s get straight to the point.The world economy has begun to grow again after the crisis.But that growth is very uneven.Led by China, Asia and other emerging markets are growing quickly.But in much of the advanced world growth is slow and fragile and unemployment stubbornly high.We should not be surprised at this.The crisis has damaged many advanced economies and weakened their financial sectors.They face major structural and fiscal adjustments to rebalance their economies.This is true of my own country.We know what steps we need to take to restore the public finances and rebalance our economy towards greater saving and investment and greater exports.And we have begun to take them.But for the world economy to be able to grow strongly again – and to grow without creating the dangerous economic and financial instabilities that led to the crisis, we need more than just adjustment in the advanced world.The truth is that some countries with current account surpluses have been saving too much… …while others like mine with deficits have been saving too little.And the result has been a dangerous tidal wave of money going from one side of the globe to the other.We need a more balanced pattern of global demand and supply, a more balanced pattern of global saving and investment.Now sometimes when you hear people talk about economic imbalances, it can seem as though countries that are successful at exporting are being blamed for their success.That’s absolutely not the case.We all share an interest and a responsibility to co-operate to secure strong and balanced global growth.There is no greater illustration of this than what happened to China as the western banking system collapsed…

…Chinese exports fell 12 per cent…

…growth dropped to its lowest point in more than a decade… …and some 20 million jobs were lost in the Chinese export sector.Changes in the structure of our economies will take time.What is important is that the major economies of the world have a shared vision of the path of this change: what actions countries should avoid;what actions countries need to take and, crucially, over what period it should happen.This is why the G20 – and the meeting in Seoul – is so important.Together we can agree a common approach.We can commit to the necessary actions.We can agree that we will hold each other to account.And just as China played a leading role at the G20 in helping to avert a global depression… …so it can lead now.I know from my discussions with Premier Wen how committed China is to actions to rebalance its economy.China is already talking about moving towards increased domestic consumption… …better healthcare and welfare…

… more consumer goods as its middle class grows…

…and in time introducing greater market flexibility into its exchange rate.This can not be completed overnight… …but it must happen.Let’s be clear about the risks if it does not…

…about what is at stake for China and for the UK – countries that depend on an open global economy.At the worst point of the crisis, we averted protectionism.But at a time of slow growth and high unemployment in many countries those pressures will rise again…

….already you can see them.Countries will increasingly be tempted to try to maximise their own growth and their own employment, at the expense of others.Globalisation – the force that has been so powerful in driving development and bringing huge numbers into the world economy could go into reverse.If we follow that path we will all lose out.The West would lose for sure.But so too would China.For the last two decades, trade has been a very positive factor in China’s re-emergence on the world stage.It has driven amazing growth…

…and raised the living standards of millions.Trade has helped stitch back China’s network of relations with countries across the world.We need to make sure that it does not turn into a negative factor.Just as the West wants greater access to Chinese markets… …so China wants greater access to Western markets… …and it wants market economy status in the EU too.I had very constructive talks with Premier Wen on exactly this issue yesterday.I will make the case for China to get market economy status in the EU…

…but China needs to help, by showing that it is committed to becoming more open, as it becomes more prosperous.And we need to work together to do more to protect intellectual property rights… …because this will give more businesses confidence to come and invest in China.UK companies are uniquely placed to support China’s demand for more high value goods for its consumers.Our Pavilion at the World Expo in Shanghai – which won the Gold Award for the best Pavilion design – was a showcase for so many of Britain’s strengths… …from advanced engineering to education…

…from great brands to great pharmaceutical businesses…

…from low carbon to financial services to the creative industries.In all these areas and many more, British companies and British exports can help China deliver the prosperity and progress it seeks.We can be part of China’s development strategy, just as China is part of ours.A true partnership of growth.In recent days, Britain has won new business worth billions of pounds… …involving companies across the UK and cities all over China.…including a deal between Rolls Royce and China Eastern Airlines for 16 Airbus 330 aeroengines worth ￡750 million…

…and inward investments worth in excess of ￡300 million

This is all in addition to at least ￡3bn of business which British companies have secured as part of the Airbus contract concluded with China last week…

…and a further ￡2 billion of investments by Tesco to develop new shopping malls over the next five years.And with nearly 50 of Britain’s most influential culture, education and business leaders joining me on this visit…

…I hope these deals can be just the beginning of a whole new era of bilateral trade between our countries.Achieving this would be a real win-win for our two countries.So if China is prepared to pursue further opening of its markets…

…and to work with Britain and the other G20 countries to rebalance the world economy and take steps over time towards internationalising its currency…

…that will go a long way towards helping the global economy lock in the stability it needs for strong and sustainable growth.And just as importantly, it will go a long way in securing confidence in the global community that China as an economic power is a force for good.Political Responsibilities

But China does not just have new economic power.It has new political power.And that brings new political responsibilities too.What China says – and what China does – really matters.There is barely a global issue that needs resolution, which does not beg the questions: what does China think, and how can China contribute to a solution?

China has attempted to avoid entanglement in global affairs in the past.But China’s size and global reach means that this is no longer a realistic choice.Whether it’s climate change or development, health and education or global security, China is too big and too important now not to play its part.On climate change, an international deal has to be fair.And that means that countries with different histories can’t all be expected to contribute in exactly the same way.But a fair deal also means that all countries contribute… …and all are part of an agreement.And there’s actually a huge opportunity here for China.Because China can really profit from having some of the most efficient green energy in the world.On international security, great powers have a bigger interest than anyone in preserving stability.Take development for example, China is one of the fastest growing investors in Africa… …with a vital influence over whether Africa can become a new source of growth for the world economy.We want to work together to ensure that the money we spend in Africa is not supporting corrupt and intolerant regimes.And the meeting of the UN Security Council which the British Foreign Secretary will chair later this month provides a good opportunity to step up our co-operation on Sudan.As China’s star rises again in the world, so does its stake in a stable and ordered world, in which trade flows freely.Today, China is the world’s second biggest importer of oil, and Sudan is one of your most important suppliers.So China has a direct national interest in working for stability in Sudan.And four fifths of your oil imports pass through the Malacca Straits.So like Britain and the other big trading nations, you depend on open sea lanes.And like us, your stability and prosperity depends in part on the stability and prosperity of others.Whether it’s nuclear proliferation, a global economic crisis or the rise of international terrorism, today’s threats to our security do not respect geographical boundaries.The proliferation of nuclear material endangers lives in Nanjing as well as New York.China is playing an active role in helping to prevent conflagration over North Korea.We have been working with China in the UN Security Council to keep up the pressure on Iran … …and China’s continuing role here is vital if we are to prevent Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapon.In your own region, I believe China can work with us to improve the situation for the Burmese people.And China is one of the few countries that Burma will listen to on this point.But political responsibilities are not just about how one country interacts with another… …those responsibilities also apply to the way a country empowers its own people.Political Perspectives

It is undeniable that greater economic freedom has contributed to China’s growing economic strength.As China’s economy generates higher living standards and more choice for Chinese people, there is inevitably debate within China about the relationship between greater economic freedom and greater political freedom.I recognise that we approach these issues with different perspectives.I understand too that being in government is a huge challenge.I’m finding that running a country of 60 million people.So I can only begin to imagine what it is like leading a country of 1.3 billion.I realise this presents challenges of a different order of magnitude.When I came here last I was Britain’s Leader of the Opposition.Now we’ve had a General Election.It produced a Coalition Government, which combines two different political parties – the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats – with different histories and political philosophies, working together for the good of our country.The Labour Party is now the official Opposition, with a constitutional duty to hold the new Government publicly to account.Indeed if I were not in Beijing this Wednesday afternoon, I would be preparing for my weekly session of Prime Minister’s questions in the House of Commons, where MPs question me freely about the whole range of government policy.All the time the government is subject to the rule of law.These are constraints on the government, and at times they can be frustrating when the Courts take a view with which the government differs…

…but ultimately we believe that they make our government better and our country stronger.Through the media, the public get to hear directly from people who hold different views from the government.That can be difficult at times, too.But we believe that the better informed the British public is about the issues affecting our society… …the easier it is, ultimately, for the British government to come to sensible decisions and to develop robust policies that command the confidence of our people.I make these observations not because I believe that we have some moral superiority.Our own society is not perfect.There is still injustice which we must work hard to tackle.We are far from immune from poverty and the ills that afflict every nation on earth.But in arguing for a strong relationship between our countries, I want a relationship in which we can be open with each other, in which we can have constructive dialogue of give and take in a spirit of tolerance and mutual respect.The rise in economic freedom in China in recent years has been hugely beneficial to China and to the world.I hope that in time this will lead to a greater political opening…

…because I am convinced that the best guarantor of prosperity and stability is for economic and political progress to go in step together.In some respects it already has.Ordinary Chinese people today have more freedom over where they live… …what job they do… …and where they travel… …than ever before.People blog and text more.It’s right to recognise this progress.But it’s right also that Britain should be open with China on issues where, no doubt partly because of our different history and culture, we continue to take a different view.There is no secret that we disagree on some issues, especially around human rights.We don’t raise these issues to make to us look good, or to flaunt publicly that we have done so.We raise them because the British people expect us to, and because we have sincere and deeply held concerns.And I am pleased that we have agreed the next human rights dialogue between our two governments for January.Because in the end, being able to talk through these issues – however difficult – makes our relationship stronger.Conclusion

So let me finish where I began.China’s success – and continued success – is good for Britain and good for the world.It’s not in our national interests for China to stumble… …or for the Chinese economy to suffer a reverse.We have to make the case…

….and I hope China will help us make the case…

….that as China gets richer, it does not follow that the rest of the world will get poorer.It is simply not true that as China rises again in the world, others must necessarily decline.Globalisation is not a zero sum game.If we manage things properly, if we win the arguments for free trade, if we find a way to better regulation, we can both grow together.But if we don’t, we will both suffer.I referred earlier to Britain’s Pavilion at the Shanghai Expo, “the Dandelion”

We are extremely proud that it won a coveted prize, and that it proved so popular with Chinese visitors.It is, in its way, a symbol of the strength and the potential in our relationship.Two different countries, past and future Olympic hosts, on far sides of the world, sowing the seeds of a flourishing relationship in the future, a relationship which has the potential to grow and to bloom.Proof, perhaps, that Confucius was right when he said… …“within the four seas all men are brothers” Yes, there we will be storms to weather.Yes, there will be perils to overcome.Yes, we will have to persevere.But it will be worth it – for Britain, for China and for the world.From: November 10 http://www.number10.gov.uk/

第三篇：卡梅倫演講

卡梅倫深情挽留蘇格蘭演講

We meet in a week that could change the United Kingdom forever.Indeed, it could end the United Kingdom as we know it。

On Thursday, Scotl and votes, and the future of our country is at stake.On Friday, people could be living in a different country,with a different place in the world and a different future ahead of it。This is a decision that could break up our family of nations, and rip Scotland from therest of the UK.And we must be very clear.There’s no going back from this.No rerun.This is a once-and-for-all decision。If Scotland votes yes, the UK will split, and we will go our separate ways forever。When people vote on Thursday, they are not just voting for themselves, but for their children and grandchildren and the generations beyond。So I want to speak directly to the people of this country today about what is at stake。

I speak for millions of people across England, Wales and Northern Ireland and many in Scotland, to who would betterly heartbroken by the breakup of the United Kingdom。

Utterly heartbroken to wake up on Friday morning to the end of the country we love, to know that Scots would nolonger join with the English, Welsh and Northern Irishin our Army, Navy and AirForce, in our UK-wide celebrations and commemorations, in UK sporting teamsfrom the Olympics to the British Lions。The United Kingdom would be nomore.No UK pensions, no UK passports, no UK pound。

The greatest example of democracy the world has ever known, of openness, of peopleof different nationalities andfaiths coming together as one, would be no more。It would be the end of a countrythat launched the Enlightenment that abolished slavery that drove the industrial revolution that defeated fascism.The end of a country that peoplearound the world respect and admire the end of a country that all of us call home。

And we built this home together.It’s only become Great Britain because of the greatness of Scotland。Because of the thinkers, writers,artists, leaders, soldiers, inventors who have made this country what it is。It's Alexander Fleming and DavidHume;J.K.Rowling and Andy Murray and all the millions of people who have played their part in this extraordinary success story, the Scots who led thecharge on pensions and the NHS and on social justice。We did all this together。

For the people of Scotland towalk away now would be like painstakingly building ahome – and then walking out the door and throwing away the keys。SoI would say to everyone votingon Thursday, please remember.This isn't just any old country.This is the United Kingdom.This is our country。

And you know what makes us truly great?It's not our economic might or military prowess, it's our values。British values.Fairness.Freedom.Justice。The values that say wherever youare, whoever you are, your life has dignity and worth。The values that say we don't walk on by when people are sick, that we don't ask for your credit card in the hospital, that we don't turn our backs when you get old and frail。That we don't turn a blind eye ora cold heart to people around the world who are desperate and crying out for help。This is what Britain means。This is what makes us the greatest country on earth。And it's why millions of us could not bear to see that country ending – for good,for ever – on Friday。

NowI know that there are many people across Scotland who are planning to vote Yes。I understand why this might sound appealing。It's the promise of something different。I also know that the people who are running the Yes campaign are painting a picture of a Scotland that is better in every way, and they can be good at painting that picture。But when something looks too goodto be true – that's usually because it is。And it is my duty to be clear about the likely consequences of a Yes Vote。Independence would not be a trial separation;it would be a painful divorce。And as Prime Minister I have totell you what that would mean。

It would mean we no longer share the same currency。It would mean the armed forces we have built up together over centuries being split up forever。It would mean our pension fundssliced up – at some cost。It would mean the borders we have would become international and may no longer be so easily crossed。It would mean the automatic support that you currently get from British embassies when you’re travelling around the world would come to an end。It would mean over half of Scottish mortgages suddenly, from one day to the next,being provided by banksin a foreign country。It would mean that we no longer pool resources across the whole of the UK to pay for institutions like the NHSor our welfare system。It would mean that interest rates in Scotland are no longer set by the Bank of England – with the stability and security that promises。It would mean – for any banksthat remain in Scotland – if they ever got introuble it would be Scottish taxpayers and Scottish taxpayers alone that would bear the costs。This is not guess work.There are no question marks, no maybe this or maybe that。The Nationalists want to break up UK funding on pensions, the UK funding of healthcare,the UK funding and comprehensive protection on national security。These are the facts.This is what would happen。An end to the things we share together。And the people of Scotland must know these facts before they make this once-and-for-all decision。To warn of the consequences is not to scare-monger it is like warning a friendabout a decision they might take that will affect the rest of their lives – and the lives of their children。Is ay all this because I don't want the people of Scotland to be sold a dream that disappears。

Now I know that some people say:we've heard about the risks and the uncertainties but we still want change。Look.The United Kingdom is not a perfect country-no country is。Of course we must constantly change and improve people's lives。No one is content while there are still children living in poverty。No oneis content while there arepeople struggling, and young people not reaching their potential。Yes,every political party is different。But we are all of us –Conservatives, Labour, Lib Dems, Nationalists – on aconstant mission to change our country for the better。The question is: how do you get that change? For me it's simple。

You don't get the change you wantby ripping your country apart。You don't get change by undermining your economy and damaging your businesses and diminishing your placein the world。But you can get real, concrete change on Thursday: if you vote No.’Businessas usual' is not on the ballot paper.The status quo is gone。This campaign has swept it away。There is no going back to the waythings were。

A vote for No means real changeand we have spelled that change out in practical terms, with a plan and a process。If we get a No vote on Thursday,that will trigger a major, unprecedented programme of devolution with additional powers for the Scottish Parliament.Major new powers over tax,spending and welfare services。Wehave agreed a timetable forthat stronger Scottish Parliament: a time-table to bring in the new powers thatwill go ahead if there is a No vote...a White Paper by November, put into draft legislation by January。This is a time table that is now agreed by all the main political parties and set instone and I am prepared towork with all the main parties to deliver thisduring 2015.So a No vote actually means faster, fairer, safer and better change。And this is a vital point:Scotland is not an observer in the affairs of this country。Scotland is shaping and changing the United Kingdom for the better – more so today than at any point in the last three hundred years and will continue to help shape the constitution of ourcountry。And Scottish people can enjoy the additional powers its Parliament gives without losing the UK pension, the UK pound or the UK passport。Real change is Scotland's for the taking。The power to set your own courseand make your own decisions with the security of being in the UK without the risks of going it alone。

It's the best of both worlds。

Scotland’s identity is already,strong Scottish culture, strong Scottish arts, a strong Church of Scotlandand in the last 15years you have built a strong Scottish Parliament not afleeting institutionbut a permanent one。

So the vote on Thursday is not about whether Scotland is a nation.Scotland is aproud, strong, success fulnation.The vote on Thursday is about two competing visions for Scotland’sfuture。

The Nationalists’ vision of narrowing down, going it alone, breaking all ties with the UK。

Or the patriotic vision of astrong Scottish nation allied to the rest of the United Kingdom with its ownstronger Scottish Parliament at its heart, and with the benefits of working together in the UK on jobs, pensions, healthcare funding,the currency, interestrates。

It really is the best of both worlds and it's the best way to get real change and secure a better future for your children and grand-children，which is what this vital debate all about。

And speaking of family – that is quite simply how I feel about this.We are afamily.The United Kingdom is no tone nation.We are four nations in a single country。

That can be difficult but it is wonderful.Scotland, England, Wales and NorthernIreland are different nations,with individual identities competing with each other even at times enraging each other while still being so much stronger together。

We are a family of nations。

Why should the next generation ofthat family be forced to choose whether to identify only with Edinburgh or only with London choose which embassy they want to go to when they are in trouble abroad or pack their passport when they're going to see friends and loved ones?

A family is not a compromise, or a second best, it is a magical identity, that makes us more together than we can ever be apart。

So please do not break this family apart。

In human relations it's almostnever a good thing to turn away from each other,put up walls, score new lines on the map。

Why would we take one Great Britain and turn it into separate smaller nations?

What is that an answer to?

How will that help the ambitious young people who want to make their mark on the world or the pensioner who just wants security or the family relying on jobs make in the UK?

Let no one fool you that ‘Yes' isa positive vision.It's about dividing people,closing doors, making foreigners of our friends and family。

This isn't an optimistic vision。

The optimistic vision is of ourfamily of nations staying together there for each other in the hard timescoming through to better times。

We've just pulled through a greatrecession together.We’re moving forward together.The road has been long but it is finally leading upwards and that's why I ask you to vote No to walking away。

Vote No , and you are voting for a bigger and broader and better future for Scotland, and you are investing in the future for your children and grandchildren.So this is our message to the people of Scotland:

We want you to stay.Head and heart and soul, we want you to stay。

Please don't mix up the temporary and the permanent。

Don't think: “I'm frustrated with politics right now, so I'll walk out the door and never come back?！?/p>

If you don't like me – I won't be here forever.If you don't like this Government– it won't last forever.But if you leave the UK – that will be forever。

Yes,the different parts of the UK don't always see eye-to-eye。

Yes,we need change– and we will deliver it but to get that change, to get a brighter future, we don't need to tear our country apart。

In two days, this long campaign will be at an end.And as you stand in the stillness of the polling booth, I hope you will ask yourself this。

Will my family and I truly be better off by going it alone? Will we really be more safe and secure? Do I really want to turn my back on the rest of Britain, and why is it that so many people across the world are asking: why would Scotland want to do that? Why? And if you don't know the answer to these questions –then vote No。

At the end of the day, all the arguments of this campaign can be reduced to a single fact: we are better together.So as you reach your final decision,please don't let anyone tell you that you can't be a proud Scot and a proud Brit。

Don't lose faith in what this country is – and what we can be.Don’t forget what a great United Kingdom you are part of.Don’t turn your backs on what is the best family of nations in the world and the best hope for your family in this world.So please, from all of us: Vote to stick together, vote to stay, vote to save our United Kingdom。

第四篇：卡梅倫就任首相發表講話

英保守黨領袖卡梅倫就任首相發表講話

5月11日，在英國倫敦，保守黨領袖卡梅倫在唐寧街10號首相官邸前發表講話?？穫惍斖斫尤问紫嗦殑?，他應女王伊麗莎白二世的要求著手組建新一屆政府。以下為他的講話全文：

“Her Majesty the Queen has asked me to form a new government and I have accepted.女王陛下已經授權予我組建新政府，我已接受了這一任命。

”Before I talk about that new government, let me say something about the one that has just passed.在談論新政府之前，請允許我談一談最近剛剛發生過的一件事情。

“Compared with a decade ago, this country is more open at home and more compassionate abroad and that is something we should all be grateful for and on behalf of the whole country I'd like to pay tribute to the outgoing prime minister for his long record of dedicated public service.與十年前相比，這個國家對內更加開放，對外更加富有同情心，我們都應該為此感到高興。我謹代表這個國家，對長期致力于公共服務的前任首相深表贊揚?！盜n terms of the future, our country has a hung parliament where no party has an overall majority and we have some deep and pressing problemsand that the politicians are always their servant and never their masters.很明顯，我們的任務之一就是重建對政治體系的信任。是的，這就要求我們清理開支、改革議會、保證對人民的管理并確保政治家始終是人們的公仆，而非主人?！癇ut I believe it is also something else.It is about being honest about what government can achieve.Real change is not what government can do on its ownthat those that can should, and those who can't we will always help.為了實現這樣的社會，不管是對那些能夠做到、愿意做到還是不能做到的人，我們都應該始終給與幫助。

”I want to make sure that my government always looks after the elderly, the frail the poorest in our country.我希望你們知道，我的政府一直在照顧我們國家的老者、弱者和貧困者。

“We must take everyone through with us on some of the difficult decisions we have ahead.我們必須讓大家和我們一起面對一些我們之前曾面對過的困難決定。

”Above all it will be a government that is built on some clear values.Values of freedom, values of fairness, and values of responsibility.總而言之，這將是一個建立在有著清晰價值觀上的政府——這個價值觀就是自由、公平和責任?！癐 want us to build an economy that rewards work.I want us to build a society with stronger families and stronger communities.And I want a political system that people can trust and look up to once again.我希望我們能夠打造這樣一個讓工作有所回報的經濟體制，我希望我們能夠建設一個擁有更堅固家庭、更完善社區的社會，我希望帶來一個人民能夠信任并且再次令人民尊敬的政治體系。”This is going to be hard and difficult work.A coalition will throw up all sorts of challenges.這需要艱苦卓絕的工作。聯合政府將面對各種各樣的挑戰?！癇ut I believe together we can provide that strong and stable government that our country needs based on those values-rebuilding family, rebuilding community, above all, rebuilding responsibility in our country.但是我堅信，基于這樣的價值觀——重建家庭、重建社區、重建我們國家的責任感，我們能夠提供我們國家所需要的堅強而穩定的政府。

”Those are the things I care about.Those are the things that this government will now start work on doing.這些是我關心的事情，也是這個政府即刻開始致力于處理的事情。“Thank you very much.” 謝謝！

附：戴維·卡梅倫于1966年出生在一個英國貴族家庭，是國王威廉四世的直系后裔。2009年6月，戈登·布朗領導的工黨政府的支持率持續下跌。2010年4月6日，英國宣布解散議會，于5月6日舉行大選。結果雖然保守黨獲勝，但未能取得過半數議席。由于執政工黨未能成功與自由民主黨合組聯合政府，2010年5月11日倫敦時間晚7時，布朗向英女王辭職，并舉薦反對黨領袖卡梅倫組建新政府。在覲見女王后，卡梅倫接任英國首相，并于7時45分于唐寧街10號門外召開記者會，宣布就職，成為英國近二百年來最年輕的首相。

第五篇：卡梅倫在唐寧街10號發表就任首相后首次演講

卡梅倫在2010年5月11日就職首相的演說詞全文如下（中英文對照）：

卡梅倫在唐寧街10號發表就任首相后首次演講

HER MAJESTY the queen has asked me to form a new government and I have accepted。Before I talk about that new government, let me say something about the one that has just passed.Compared with a decade ago, this country is more open at home and more compassionate abroad, and that is something we should all be grateful for。

女王陛下邀請我組建新一屆政府，我接受了這一邀請。在談論新政府之前，我先說一些上一屆政府的事情。與十年前相比，我們英國在國內更加開放，對外更富有同情心，我們應該為此感到高興。

On behalf of the whole country I would like to pay tribute to the outgoing prime minister, for his long record of dedicated public service。

我代表整個國家，對長期致力于公共服務的前首相表示贊揚和感謝。

In terms of the future, our country has a hung parliament where no party has an overall majority and we have some deep and pressing problems – a huge deficit, deep social problems and a political system in need of reform。

談到未來，我們國家現在有一個任何黨派都不占絕對議席優勢的議會，我們還面臨著一些深刻而迫切的問題：巨額的赤字，深層次的社會問題和需要改革的政治體制。

For those reasons, I aim to form a proper and full coalition between the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats.I believe that is the right way to provide this country with the strong, the stable, the good and decent government that I think we need so badly。

因此，我的目的是聯合保守黨和自由民主黨，建立一個同心協力的聯盟。我相信，這是我們能形成一個強大、穩定、良好和受尊敬的政府的正確途徑，而且我們太需要這樣了。

Nick Clegg and I are both political leaders who want to put aside party differences and work hard for the common good and for the national interest.I believe that is the best way to get the strong government that we need, decisive government that we need today。

尼克克萊格和我都想成為撇開各自政黨利益，為公眾利益和國家利益而努力奉獻的政黨領袖。我相信，這是我們能夠得到我們今天需要的強政勵治的新一屆政府的最好途徑。

I came into politics because I love this country, I think its best days still lie ahead and I believe deeply in public service.And I think the service our country needs right now is to face up to our really big challenges, to confront our problems, to take difficult decisions, to lead people through those difficult decisions, so that together we can reach better times ahead。

我之所以從政是因為我熱愛這個國家。我認為最好的時代近在眼前并且我深信公共服務。我認為服務我們的國家，此刻需要面對真正的挑戰，直面困難，作出艱難的決定，并帶領國民克服這些困難，這樣我們才能共同邁向美好的明天。

One of the tasks that we clearly have is to rebuild trust in our political system.Yes, that is about cleaning up expenses;yes, that's about reforming parliament;and yes, it's about making sure people are in control and that the politicians are always their servants and never their masters。

很明顯，我們的任務之一就是重建對我們政治體系的信任。是的，這就要求我們精簡開支、改革議會、保證對國民的妥善管理并確保政治家始終是人民的公仆而非主人。

But I believe it's also something else.It's about being honest about what government can achieve.Real change is not what government can do on its own.Real change is when everyone pulls together, comes together, works together, when we all exercise our responsibilities to ourselves, to our families, to our communities and to others。

但是我相信還有其他方面。就是要誠實地表現政府可能達到的業績。真正的變革不是僅靠政府之力就能完成的。真正的變革需要所有人齊心協力、眾志成城，需要我們每個人各守本分，為自己，為家庭，為社會，也為其他人。

And I want to help build a more responsible society here in Britain, one where we don't just ask ?what are my entitlements?? but ?what are my responsibilities??.One where we don't just ask ?what am I just owed?? but more ?what can I give??.And a guide for that society, that those who can, should, and those who can't, we will always help。

我希望幫助不列顛建立一個更有責任心的社會。一個不是僅僅問“我們的權利是什么”而是“我們的責任是什么”的社會。我們不應該問“我應該得到什么”而是問“我能給這個社會貢獻什么”。為了實現這些責任，不管是那些能夠做到，應該做到和那些不能做到的人，我們會始終愿意去幫助。

I want to make sure that my government always looks after the elderly, the frail, the poorest in our country.We must take everyone through with us on some of the difficult decisions that we have ahead。

我希望確保我的政府總能照顧關心我們國家的老弱病殘和最貧窮的人。我們必須讓大家每個人與我們一起走過我們即將面對的困難。

Above all, it will be a government that will be built on some clear values – values of freedom, values of fairness, and values of responsibility。

最重要的是，我們將組建一個具有清晰價值觀的政府。這些價值觀就是自由，公平和責任。

I want us to build an economy that rewards work, I want us to build a society with stronger families and stronger communities, and I want a political system that people can trust and look up to once again。

我希望，我們會組建一個多勞多得的經濟體制，一個有更強的家庭和社會責任心的社會，一個重新讓民眾可以期待和信任的政治體制。

This is going to be hard and difficult work.A coalition will throw up all sorts of challenges.But I believe together we can provide that strong and stable government that our country needs, based on those values – rebuilding family, rebuilding community, above all rebuilding responsibility in our country。

這將是一個艱巨的工作。聯合政府將會面臨各種挑戰。但是，我堅信，基于這樣的價值觀-重建家庭，重建社會，尤其是重建我們的責任感，我們能夠共同創建一個我們國家需要的強大而穩定的政府。

Those are the things that I care about, those are the things that this government will now start work on doing。

這些就是我關心的事情，這些事情也正是我們這一屆政府眼下要著手處理的。

Thank you。

謝謝大家。