第一篇：2015考研英語復(fù)習(xí) 小作文高分秘籍
http://www.tmdps.cn/ 2015考研英語復(fù)習(xí)小作文高分秘籍
小作文考察的一般是應(yīng)用文文體，多是辭職信、道歉信、感謝信等20多種類型。小作文不需要華麗的詞藻和吸引閱卷人眼球的文采，它著重考察的是考生能否以言簡意賅的詞句及一定的邏輯性，它需要考生將題目中的要求表達(dá)清楚，這非常考驗(yàn)考生的總結(jié)概括能力，換言之就是看考生能否將事情敘述清楚，表意明確。大家在英語小作文的備考過程中，不能認(rèn)為只要看兩篇就可以了，同大作文一樣，小作文也需要你下一番功夫，真真正正地去練習(xí)，才能讓自己能夠把握小作文的寫作精髓。
格式多變需警惕
小作文滿分為10分，因?yàn)槠浔容^套路化，所以比大作文更加容易得分。但是，得高分的前提是要在格式、語言和要點(diǎn)等方面下功夫。小作文的格式多變，大家要引起重視，單純因?yàn)楦袷降膯栴}而拿不到高分，這對任何考生來說都是非常可惜的。例如稱呼方面，英語應(yīng)用文稱呼有這樣的特點(diǎn)，如果是不認(rèn)識(shí)的人，一般稱呼為敬詞加尊稱，像是Dear Sir or Madam，如果是寫給關(guān)系正式的某團(tuán)體或個(gè)人，稱呼就要變?yōu)榫丛~加尊稱加名，像是Dear Mr.xx或Dear Ms.Xx，另外對于關(guān)系較親密的人可以直呼其名。正文格式一般是首段開頭空四個(gè)字母，段落之間不空行，但是現(xiàn)在流行的格式是每段開頭不空格，但是各段之間空一行。所以在格式方面大家可以根據(jù)自己的習(xí)慣進(jìn)行選擇，只要讓閱卷人看得舒服，且完全符合應(yīng)用文要求的文體就沒有問題。
用詞準(zhǔn)確是基礎(chǔ)要求
用詞準(zhǔn)確是作文寫作最基礎(chǔ)的要求之一。在一篇作文當(dāng)中，句子的句型可以多變，例如既有并列句，也有復(fù)合句，還有從句，只要語法運(yùn)用正確就沒有問題，但大家的用詞一定要準(zhǔn)確，否則一切都是空話。另外，正式語言一般是寫給具有正式的團(tuán)體或機(jī)構(gòu)，這種情況不能使用縮略語和口語用法。除了正式的文體以外，其他的文體皆為非正式文體，像寫給朋友的書信等。一般來說，小作文的考查要求中會(huì)體現(xiàn)出寫該篇的目的和場合，所以考生在寫作時(shí)要注意針對不同場合使用不同語言，使交流得以進(jìn)行。另外，考生也要注意不同的應(yīng)用文有不同的用語。建議考生對某些應(yīng)用文的格式和習(xí)慣用語加以熟悉和背誦，以便運(yùn)用自如。
第二篇：考研英語作文最新高分秘籍
考研英語作文最新高分秘籍
一、背誦、默寫范文
背誦不能不說是積極備戰(zhàn)快速提高寫作成績的一條捷徑。考生可以選擇歷年真題的范文和一些與真題作文相近的文章進(jìn)行背誦。同時(shí)，基礎(chǔ)稍好些的同學(xué)，可以背一下小作文的優(yōu)秀模板，及大作文的模板框架和句式，然后依據(jù)模板進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。
語言要求：
用詞準(zhǔn)確：用詞準(zhǔn)確是最基本的要求之一。
語法正確：語法錯(cuò)誤是考試的失分點(diǎn)所在，在小作文的寫作中應(yīng)盡量少用縮略語和口語。句型多變：既有并列句，也有復(fù)合句，還有從句。
小作文的考查要求中會(huì)體現(xiàn)出文章的背景場合和寫作目的，考生應(yīng)針對不同情境選擇不同表達(dá)。不同的應(yīng)用文有不同的用語，建議2015年的考生對某些應(yīng)用文的格式和習(xí)慣用語加以熟悉和背誦，以便運(yùn)用自如。
二、活用模板，注重素材的積累，適當(dāng)加入自己的內(nèi)容。
我們在初練寫作的時(shí)候套用模板是正常的事情，也是一個(gè)必經(jīng)的過程，只有先試用別人的東西，才能學(xué)習(xí)和積累寫作素材。模板要活學(xué)活用，不要一字不差的照抄無誤，而是要根據(jù)自己所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行更改。寫作不一定要字字句句都是難詞，長句，而是要學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用一些常見詞的常見短語去表達(dá)，這樣才能真正顯示寫作的水平。這就要求學(xué)生在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累常用的短語或者詞組，以備寫作之用。
另外，關(guān)于寫作素材，不僅僅指寫作常用的詞匯，句型或者語法結(jié)構(gòu)，還要包括所用的事例。比如：2001年的寫作真題，要求寫“愛心”，第二段要求用實(shí)例證明主題。有的考生見題就寫“我考試面臨很大的壓力，我的朋友是如何幫助我排解壓力的”，這顯然就是素材貧乏造成的后果。題目中的“愛心”是指“大愛”，陌生人互幫互助的心態(tài)。如果寫“汶川地震，希望工程”這類事例，顯然非常符合題目要求，而且事例又廣為人知，比寫“朋友如何幫助我”更生動(dòng)，更有說服力。因此，在平常的練習(xí)中要注意從閱讀中積累素材，積累詞句，而不要僅僅局限于模板之中。
三、使用諺語，增加閃光點(diǎn)
有些意志品質(zhì)類的文章，如果加入一句相關(guān)的諺語會(huì)讓你的文章大放光彩。但是不能直接寫句子。加一個(gè)模板句型：An ancient oriental philosopher said，“諺語”：一位古老東方的先哲曾經(jīng)說過，??有同學(xué)說西方的諺語為什么用東方的先哲呢?比如：Where there is a will, there is a way.是西方的諺語，中國也有有志者，事竟成的語句。文化都是相通的，可以放心來用。建議大家在閑暇的時(shí)候多翻看一下英文的諺語，積少成多，相信對大家一定有所幫助。
第三篇：2011考研英語寫作高分秘籍 應(yīng)用文
2011考研英語寫作高分秘籍 應(yīng)用文
2011年考研臨近，考研教育專家根據(jù)2011年考研寫作的命題要求，特別整理了寫作高分秘籍與大家分享，希望能在最后的時(shí)間里幫助大家最大限度的提高寫作能力！
第四篇 應(yīng)用文
滿分策略：
4.1信函寫作：個(gè)人書信
語域使用：正式—使用禮貌表達(dá)，不用縮略語（對公）
半正式—可以使用縮略和口語表達(dá)（對私）
非正式（一般不考）——It depends
組成部分：稱呼、正文、落款
4.1.1格式：稱呼、落款、正文
4.1.2內(nèi)容
三段（8句）：寫作目的段、細(xì)化段、感謝或者期待。
4.1.3各種信函內(nèi)容安排
建議信：2007年及2009年P(guān)artA真題及解析：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)和常用句型：
Dear?
自我介紹，贊揚(yáng)在先，仍需改進(jìn)，提出建議。
建議細(xì)節(jié)
期望改進(jìn)，表示感謝。
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
與投訴信比較：仍然以提建議為主：無需贊揚(yáng)，直接表明寫信目的—即提建議：最后無需感謝，只需表示期待改進(jìn)。
常用句型：
I am writing with my suggestion about???
I would like to suggest that?
I hope you will find these suggestions helpful
I would like to extend my appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration
We would like to draw your attention to something you have obviously failed to notice（投訴信）
I am writing to express my concern|dissatisfaction|disappointment about?（投訴信）
To improve the situation，it is advisable for you to take the following measures（投訴信）
We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind（投訴信）
致歉信：2008PartA真題及解析
基本結(jié)構(gòu)和常用句型：
Dear?
表明寫信目的：道歉
闡述道歉原因，并提出解決方法。
再次道歉。
常用句型：
I am writing to apologize to you for my failing to ?
Here is my deepest apology for ??
I would like to express my apologies for not being able to?
I am writing to you with some embarrassment and many apologies.Excuse me for my carelessness in making such a mess
I am really sorry for the trouble.Would you mind if I ?。？
Would it be convenient for you ?？
To make up for the inconvenience caused，I would like to ??
Once again，I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.申請信：2006年P(guān)artA 真題及解析（申請信）
基本結(jié)構(gòu)和常用句型：
Dear?
告知信息來源及寫信目的突出重點(diǎn)的自我介紹，附簡歷
表示感謝。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I learnt from the newspaper that you are wanting an accountant and I would like to apply for the job
Sb，suggested me to write to you about the medical physicist position at ABC Med-Instrument Corporation
Enclosed is my resume to provide additional information about my undergraduate work.I would appreciate the opportunity to meet with you to discuss further how my qualifications meet the needs of your organization.Thank you for your time and consideration.辭職信：2005年P(guān)artA真題及解析（辭職信）：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)和常用句型：
Dear?，寫信目的表明要辭職。
給出辭職原因。
感謝栽培并表示抱歉。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I am sorry to tell you that I decided to quit the job of being a ?職業(yè)。
I am writing to inform you of my decision： I am going to quit my present job.Please accept my apology.I have been trying in vain to convince myself that the job is interesting.I highly appreciate the invaluable experience and happy days working here.Thank you for your patience，understanding，and trust.詢問信：考研英語大綱樣題應(yīng)用文部分（詢問信）：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)和常用句型：
Dear ?，自我介紹，表明寫信目的是咨詢某事。
詢問細(xì)節(jié)。
感謝及相關(guān)信息。
Your sincerely
Li Ming
常用句型：
27.I am writing this letter to inquire about ?
28.I want to/would like to know ?
29.I wonder if ?
30.Would it be possible for you to ?？
31.How should I pay for these books ？—by cash or by other means ？
32.Finally，if I order these books now，when can I get them ？ How will these books be delivered to my house？
33.I should be grateful if you could give me an early reply.邀請信：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
Dear?，發(fā)出邀請。
為何邀請細(xì)節(jié)。
期望參加。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
We are having a farewell party/a gather together/meeting/seminar in（place）on（date）at（time）。Would you like to come？（不太正式）
It is my honor to inform you that there is an academic meeting in（place）on（date）at（time）。（正式）
We would be too glad to invite you as an expert to our school for the inquiry of studying abroad.If you have no other plans for this weekend night，will you do us a favor of going to our party？
接收邀請與謝絕邀請的表達(dá)法：都要表示感謝。
Accept the invitation：
Success is the last persistence at the toughest moment.成功是最艱難時(shí)刻的堅(jiān)持。
Thank you very much for your invitation.It‘s our great pleasure to accept your invitation.Nothing would give us greater pleasure than accepting your kind invitation.Refuse the invitation：
Thank you so much for your invitation，but I have had plans at the time.If you don‘t mind，let’s make an appointment next time when you are available.I regret that I can‘t make it because of a sudden illness/full schedule/business trip.范文解析：
Dear Professor Wang，It is my honor to inform you that there is a “Culture Festival” held in mu school.Would you like to give us an excellent lecture on Phychology in the auditorium of our campus on sept.13th at 6：30 P.M.？
Since phychology has caused more and more concerns among the students，and you are an expert in the area，we all expect your acceptance and your wonderful lecture.I very much hope than you will be able to attend and give us a talk in your branch.If you have any question.Please contact me.Look forward to hearing your lecture.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
感謝信：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)
Dear?，表示感謝。
感謝緣由及內(nèi)心感受。
再次感謝，寄予希望。
常用句型：
I sincerely appreciate your kindness and generosity.Thank you ever much for the latest information.Please accept out sincerest thanks for what you have done for us.（heartfelt gratitude）
I don‘t know how to thank you for such generous behavior.It is something that I will cherish for a long time to come.I am now writing to express my great appreciation for the timely help you offered.It was considerate of you to do me a great favor.I wish there were a better word than “thanks” to express my appreciation.Many thanks again for your generous hospitality.Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude to you.范文解析：
Dear Jim，I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day，when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi.If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid，I fear that the Consequences might have been much more serious.Everynoe agrees that it was your quick-witted 9 response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome??
Although nowdays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish，we see very few people practice what they preach.If there were more people like you，this world would be a much nicer place.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
祝賀信：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
Dear?。，表示祝賀，為之高興。
祝賀緣由，勞有所獲。
寄予期望，取得更大成就。
再次祝賀。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
Congratulations to you no getting the scholarship.I am just as proud as you can be of you and send my sincerest congratulations no your achievement/success/graduation.10
What wonderful news！I know how happy you must be at the news of your promotion/election.Please accept my heartiest congratulations on your graduation/getting such a good job.I am looking forward to hearing more good news in your studies and research work.范文解析：
Dear Mr.Smith，I was very happy to learn that you have been elected President of the Seotland-China Associatioin and Iwould like，on behalf of the Chinese People‘s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and in my own name，to express to you our warmest congratulations.I hope that during your tenore of office the relations of friendship and cooperation that already exist between our two organizations will be further developed.Let us join our efforts to make greater contributions to the promotion of mutual understanding and friendship between the people‘s of China and Scotland.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
慰問信：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
Dear?，表示同情，進(jìn)行安慰，11
鼓勵(lì)其努力，在此表示同情，并希望其早日復(fù)原。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I just can not tell you how sorry I was to learn of your unhappy experience/injury/accident/divorce.I felt very sorry indeed when I was informed of your sickness.I wish there were something I could say or do to ease your sense of loss/to soften your grief.I know there were no words that can be a comfort to you now.I hope that you will soon be completely restored to health/get well again.Please don‘t hesitate to call on me if there is anything I can do now and always.范文解析：
Dear Li Gang，I was really shocked andsaddened to hear of your unhappy experience in the earthquake.There is little that anyone can say or do at a time like this to ease your grief，but I would express my deepest sympathy.In the next day or so you will receive a little package from me.I hope you like it，and that it 12 will be useful ai your present moment.What‘s more，please don’t hesitate to contact me if there is anything else I can do now and always.I do hope you will soon get well again and be able to come back to school.Be assured of my availability and eagerness to help in any way I can.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
4.2 備忘錄/告示類應(yīng)用文寫作（Memorandum/Notice）
基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
TO：
FROM：
SUBJECT：
DATE：（month day，year）
正文
簽名
模擬題及范文：
Directions：
You are an active member of the student newspaper.The newspaper is currently looking for journalists for the summer semester.Write a memo that will appear in the newspaper next week describing the position available.Date： August 10，2005
To： All students
From： Li Ming
4.3 摘要寫作（Abstract）
This article focuses on the ?。
This thesis discuss/analyzes?。
This paper provides an overview of ?
This paper presents up-to-date information on ?
1、簡單概括
2、描寫畫面內(nèi)容，兩句話描寫一幅圖。
3、點(diǎn)明中心：重點(diǎn)又是新起點(diǎn)。
This is a very interesting and though-provoking picture.1 as is vividly depicted in the picture，the goal keeper thought he was too small for the gate and was afraid that he could not keep the ball from entering the gate.But what the player，who was ready to shoot，thought about the goal keeper could not help us thinking the truth of the picture it conveys.In his eyes，the goal keeper was so strong that he had almost covered the whole gate.And little did he have the chance to win.2 obviously，the two players looked at the same thing in a different angle.3（in different angles）
簡單概括
描寫畫面內(nèi)容，每幅圖分開描述，并遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。
點(diǎn)明中心，從不同視角看待同一問題。
2.現(xiàn)象簡介
Today，advertisements is mounting numbers are appearing on the TV screen.1 they are not only shown before and after all kinds of programs —— news，weather forecasts and quiz shows，etc.—— but even interrupt dramas and movies，2 and annoy the viewers.3
1、概括介紹
2、細(xì)節(jié)介紹：怎么個(gè)多法兒——是節(jié)目前后和中間都有
3、帶來的后果就是激怒觀眾。
3.寓意象征
What a vivid and accrate picture it is when describing the meaning of love in the dark.1 As is shown in the picture，the love is just like the light in the picture，which seems insignificant in the sun，but it certainly shines brighter in the dark.2 in other words，the darker the place is，the more precious the light will be.3 love is somewhat the same.It surely means much moer to the man who is in great difficulty than to the one who is in comforts.4
簡要評價(jià)
對畫面的簡單描述。（結(jié)合love對畫面進(jìn)行分析）
寓意說明，符合題目要求
結(jié)論：燈光在越微弱的地方越明亮，愛心在越需要的地方越有價(jià)值
Species‘extinction in America.Facing the figures，we can only admit that America’s population growth has had undesirable effect on its wildlife and will still pose a formidable threat to its wildlife resources if sufficient care is not given.3
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1、總括介紹了圖畫內(nèi)容（運(yùn)用對比，強(qiáng)調(diào)后者）
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2、特別好的過渡方式：不是描述勝過描述
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3、結(jié)論：如果不足以重視，結(jié)果不堪設(shè)想
4、原因分析
（As far as I am concerned，there are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon.）1 First and foremost，the reasons for this phenomenon are that TV is the most efficient and rapid way of dissemination（傳播）information.2 As China develops its highly competitive market economy，manufacturers and sales people（salespersons）need to inform the general public of the latest commodities that are available.3 Furthermore，TV stations use the money that they earn from showing the advertisements to produce more programs.Last but not least，it is necessary to keep consumers informed of the range of（the）products that they may choose from.（原文的過渡出現(xiàn)在下一段）
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1、闡述中心，或者引導(dǎo)本段。
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2、例舉原因
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3、對已經(jīng)提出原因的拓展
However，the tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease，1 According to the given figures，the tobacco production in 1994 was 14.364 billion pounds while in 1995 it reduced to 14.2 billion pounds.This is mainly because 2 more and more people have become aware of the harm of smoking to human brings.Many of them resist the addiction to tobacco and advise people around not to smoke.Furthermore，governments of many countries realizing the serious effects of tobacco have taken effective measures to call on people to give up smoking.So I believe a healthy tomorrow of less tobacco will be achieved through efforts of every person.3
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1、闡述中心
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2、列舉原因，this 作過渡詞
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3、如果減少吸煙人群，可能產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果（注意命題的積極傾向，展望未來式很合命題者口味）
5、利弊分析
In the country，on the other hand，one can enjoy the advantages of fresh air and food，and a more relaxed（relaxing）life style.Housing is usually spacious and inexpensive in the country.I and，as for recreation，what could be more relaxing than a stroll down a country lane amid beautiful scenery？ 2 However，there are disadvantages of living in either the city or the country.3 City air tends to be polluted，and the streets are always crowded and noisy.In the country，on the other hand，the lack of stimulating activities can make a person feel bored and isolated.4
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1、列舉鄉(xiāng)村居住的優(yōu)勢
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2、對優(yōu)勢的拓展說明
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3、過渡說明：劣勢開始
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4、列舉無論城鄉(xiāng)居住皆有劣勢
6、舉例說明
It seems reasonable when people laugh at the cartoon，but it would no longer be laughable when people find similar things taking place in our daily life.1 Recently there is a trend of making promises in various fields of our society.From departments of government to common shopping centers，many businesses who supple products of offer services have made various promises to their customers or service receivers.2 They assert their products to be of good quality or promise to offer excellent service.3 As a matter of fact，many of these businesses claim in the same way that（比較）the hen in the above cartoon promises to lay eggs.4
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1、過渡：第一段說到可笑，下面就談不可笑——連接
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2、例子：商場、政府的承諾行為
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3、拓展：深化承諾行為的細(xì)節(jié)
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4、結(jié)論：同母雞下蛋的承諾一樣虛無沒有價(jià)值
※表示性質(zhì)，代替adj.=of +n.（小作文高分必殺）
e.g.helpful=of any help assistant=of any assistance good=of any good harmful=of any harm
The following examples will support this point.1 In schools，a unit-exam not only declares the end of the former unit，but also acts as a reminder of the preview work for the next unit.In the business field，what a CEO needs to do at the end of a year is more than review and summarize（review and summarizing）。It is the time to formulate and effective and efficient development plan for next year.2 Just turn back to the sports ground.（句號(hào)結(jié)束）although in front of the end there isn‘t a real start——arrowhead，there surely exists an invisible one sprouting（appearing）in every athlete’s mind，blooming（being）the training strategy of the preparation for next competition.3
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1、承上啟下
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2、舉例論證
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3、舉例的同時(shí)說明結(jié)論：終點(diǎn)又是新起點(diǎn)，正是這種心態(tài)成為下次比賽成功的技巧或策略。
7、判斷評論
It is clear that promise is what you claim you can do or you will do，not what you really are or you are expected to be.1 Generally speaking，it is good and sometimes necessary to make commitment to people，but promising what you must or should do can be considered a kind of cheating.2 What the cartoon really aims at is not the funny picture itself but to criticize this popular phenomenon existing in our society.3
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1、既點(diǎn)名了本段主題：談承諾，又是一個(gè)定義，起承上啟下作用。
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2、自己的建議。
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3、再次強(qiáng)調(diào)“承諾”這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。
8、問題建議
Child education has become one of the most popular topics discussed not only by educational experts，but also by people in all walks（職業(yè)、行業(yè)）of life.1 The failure of child education does more harm to the development of our society and our civilization than to the children themselves.Thus，it‘s high time that parents，educators and the government made concerted（共同努力的，同心協(xié)力的，conert得來）efforts to put an end to this situation.2（家長，老師和政府應(yīng)該怎么做）
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1、引出本段主題，兒童教育的現(xiàn)狀，用婉轉(zhuǎn)的方式表達(dá)。
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2、本段結(jié)論：三方行動(dòng)
In our life，what we need most is self-insurance and a proper view of challenges before us.1 Therefore，we should bear in mind that our competitors may not be as terrible（frightening）as expected，and our painstaking efforts will pay off as long as we arm ourselves with courage and confidence.2 Only in this way can we overcome any difficulties and challenges.3
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1、從自己角度提出意見
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2、具體行動(dòng)的方法
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3、only 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，以及建議的價(jià)值。
9、個(gè)人選擇
All in all，I would say that living in the city is best（better），1 for the convenience the city offers in terms of education and work（job opportunities）；2 after all，one can always spend 19 vacations in the country——and get the best of both.3
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1、選擇結(jié)果
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2、選擇原因
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3、總結(jié)
As for me，I have always led a regular life.1 By everyday exercises，I build up a strong body，2 and by reading intensively I learn to acquire a proper attitude toward life.3
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1、個(gè)人選擇或?qū)嵺`
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2、選擇帶來的好的后果
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3、拓展
10、現(xiàn)實(shí)運(yùn)用
As we all know，children are the future of our country，Their healthy growth has therefore become a serious concern among many people.1 It should be made clear that too much care is not love.The real love and care for them are to prepare them for the future.When faced with difficulties，they can summon up the courage and exert their strength to overcome the difficulties.When faced with fierce competition，they can employ their knowledge，skills and experience to confront with their rival.2 This is the younger generation we can expect.3
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1、價(jià)值體現(xiàn)：孩子關(guān)乎祖國的未來。
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2、啟示：重要的原因
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3、寄予希望
2007年范文寫作
首段：圖畫描述：
This is a series of interesting and thought-provoking pictures.A goalkeeper，who is trying hard to keep the ball from the goal，sees himself as a dwarf.What‘s funnier is that the football-player，preparing to kick the ball，regards the goalkeeper as huge as the goal.The meaning conveyed by the picture is clear but profound.Both of them lack courage and confidence in front of challenges.中間段：寓意象征+舉例說明
The majority of people would agree that everyone may feel challenged when a powerful rival appears in his/her mind.What divides them into successes and losers is their attitude towards confidence.（We can easily find the equivalent of the topic discussed here in our surroundings.）We，undergraduates girding ourselves for the NETEM（the Examination for postgraduate candidates），provide a good illustration.Some of us feel depressed when thinking that they are not able to prepare well，so they even give up the chance of participating in the examination.In fact，the exam is not as difficult as they suppose，and a little more courage and confidence will motivate them to achieve the final successs.尾段：建議+展望
Accordingly，it is the time that we placed great emphasis on building up our confidence.What we should bear in mind is that no one can overcome difficulties without confidence.（In other words，We should be honest about the challenges we face.）only in this wa we can se a right goal.challenge it，and achieve it.Tips：
1.穩(wěn)重下體的部分是精彩的語言，即文章的高分點(diǎn)，希望同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)。
2.文中有下劃線的部分是范文的錯(cuò)誤，希望大家思考，然后改正，避免自己在寫作時(shí)犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤。
3.再次強(qiáng)調(diào)，希望大家不要背范文，學(xué)習(xí)精彩的句式表達(dá)，背會(huì)，通過多練習(xí)掌握這些 21 句型。
小作文范文及解析
2007年P(guān)art A 真題及解析（投訴信
Directions：
Write a letter to your university library，making suggestions for improveing its service.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the den of the letter.Ues “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.To Whom It May Concern，I am a student in this university who regularly comes to the library to spend ma spare time.Generally speaking，the services you offer here are quite good； however，I have some suggestions for you to adopt.And I would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration.To begin with，will you please prolong the time for reading？ In the daytime，most of the students are having classes，so they can‘t come to the library.Moreover，some of the books on shelves are out of date.If you are so kind as to provide us some books such as the latest magazines，we will be very pleased.I really wish to have a more comfortable library.Thank you for your time and consideration.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
2008 Part A 真題及解析（致歉信）：
Directions：
You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob，your landlord there.Write him a letter to
make an apology，and
suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the den of the letter.Ues “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.解析
Dear Bob，I am writing to express my apology to you.Several days ago，I borrowed your music CD when I lived in your house.Unfortunately，after I came back from Canada，I found it in my luggage.Was in such an hurry that I forgot to return it to you.I will send it to you by post of expose as soon as possible.If necessary，I will compensate for any troubles it may cause.Once again，I feel so sorry for any inconvenrence caused.Please accept my apologies.Sincerely yours，Li Ming
2006年P(guān)art A真題及解析（申請信
Directions：
You want to contribute to project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area.Write a letter to the department concerned，asking them to help find a candidate.You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter，use“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.（10points）
解析：
To Whom It May Concern，I am writing this letter to you to ask if there is a child in need of financial sponsorship through the Hope Foundation.I am willing to give financial aid to those children who have not had a chance to receive education in poverty-stricken area.I would like to help two kinds of children：first，those who do not have a stable source which can cover their education fees，and second，those whose academic performance in school is excellent.I have decided to commit myself to save the necessary
financial aid required to accomplish my goal.I would also like to be kept informed as to the academic progress of each student every term.I have not doubt（There is not doubt）that I meet the criteria required for a sponsor and look forward to hearing from you.Thank you for your consideration.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
推薦信：
Dear，寫作意圖：簡單介紹，自己與被推薦人關(guān)系，推薦他做什么。
推薦原因：被推薦人的相關(guān)工作經(jīng)歷或個(gè)性特點(diǎn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)突出與寫信人的相關(guān)性。
感謝與期待。
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
解析：
Dear Sir，It is with a great pleasure that I recommend to you Mr.Li Lei，an outstanding accountant，for working in your firm.Mr.Li graduated from China Financial University in 1991，majoring in accountancy，After graduation，he came to our firm to be an accountant.In 1996 he obtained the certificate of a certified accountant，and in 2001 he was promoted to the one of the chief accountants of our firm because of his excellent work.In association with me，mr.li impressed me that he was a friendly and pleasant gentleman，devoted to his firm and profession.it is surely a huge loss for our firm that he has to leave us for some personal reasons.I recommend mr.li without reservation and believe you will find him a real treasure very soon??
Yours sincerely，Li ming
2005年part a 真題及解析（辭職信）：
Directions：
Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine design and fashion.but now you find that the work is not what you expected.You decide to quit.Write a letter to your boss，mr.wang，Telling him your decision，stating your reason（s），and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than 100 words.Wrte it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter； use “l(fā)i ming”instead.You do not need to write the adress.解析：
Dear mr.wang，I am writing this letter to apologize that I will quit the position as an editior for you are your magazine for the reason of myself.Two months ago，I was accepted by the design and fashions，as a member of it.I was deeply impressed by the kindness，diligence of all staff members around me.But during the span of working here，I have come to realize that the job probably is not suitable for me because I want a more pesceful life，such as a teacher.And you know that I am not an outgoing girl.I find that I am not able to devote all my efforts to a job which I do not reslly like.So I am awfully sorry to tell you my decision to quit.please accept my apology.Yours sincerely，26
Li ming
2009年考研英語大綱樣題應(yīng)用文部分（詢問信）
Directions：
You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books.Write a letter to
the sales department of bookstore to ask for：
detailed information about the books you want，methods of payment，time and way of delivery.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end
Of the letter.Use“Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address.解析：
Dear Sir/Madam，As a student preparing for TOEFL in the coming May，I am writing to ask if you have
Appoches to TOEFL complied by professor Wamg Sming and published by University College
Press in 2006（注意次序）
If you have the book for sale，I‘d like to mail order it.Pleasel let me know if I can pay for it.by money order or do you accept the credit card？
I‘d appreciate it if you could send me the book at your earliest convenience by EMS to the following address：
Li Ming
Room 158，student dormitory no.8
West campus，Beijing university
Beijing，100081
Sincerely yours
Li Ming
第四篇：考研英語小作文常用高分句型
考研小作文常用高分句型 應(yīng)用文高分句型
辭職信 開頭常用句式
This is to inform you that I intend to resign from my current potion.I am writing to inform you about my decision of resignation.I feel very sorry for having to give up my position as … I feel reluctant to give up my present job, but I …
I am sure it will come as no surprise that I wish to resign my position as…
結(jié)尾常用句式
I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation.I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Thank you for your caring and consideration in these several years’ working.I would appreciate it if you would accept my resignation before… Thank you very much for offering me the opportunity to work with the outstanding staff here.My best wishes for the company’s continued growth.其他常用句式
I have enjoyed working with you and the staff in … company in the … years.You have given me plenty of help and encouragement.I find it is inappropriate for me to take the position as … for the following reasons.I have expected the job to be interesting and challenging, which turns out to be the opposite.I will be able to help you find a replacement for my position.Thank you for all the patience, wisdom, and experience that you shared with me.There are a few factors involved that I find intolerable.Please let me to take this chance to thank you for the rewarding experience I have enjoyed during my employment.請求信 開頭常用句式
I am writing to formally request to … We shall be greatly obliged if you … May I ask you to consider … Could you be kind enough to … I am writing to seek your assistance in …? I am writing to request you to make an investigation on the matter of … Will you be so kind enough to give me some information about … Would you be kind enough as to…? I would very much like to ask for your permission with this letter to…?
結(jié)尾常用句式
I am looking forward to hearing from you.Thank you for your kind assistance.I shall greatly appreciate your answering my questions.I would like to thank you for your generous help in this case.I should remain grateful to you for the great help…
I would appreciate your considering this matter and getting back to me at your earliest convenience.I do appreciate the favorable consideration you have shown to me.Thank you for your attention to these requests.其他常用句式 I’d like to suggest that… May I suggest that … In my opinion …
I would like to make a recommendation that… I am writing to advise you of… If I were you, I would… Could you possibly…? Is there any possibility of…? The reasons for … is that…
If you have questions, please feel free to contact me at…
建議信 開頭常用句式
You have asked me for some advice on how to improve … I will try to give some useful suggestions.You asked for advice concerning(with regard to)… and I will try to make some suggestions.I have received your letter saying… I recommend that…
I am writing to you to present what I think on the further improvement of…
I am writing in reply to …
I am writing to express my views about … I would like to suggest that… I would recommend that… 結(jié)尾常用句式
I hope that my suggestions are helpful for your decision-making anyway.I would be more than happy to see improvement in this regard.Thank you for your attention.I believe that you will take my suggestions into serious account.Please take good consideration of my advice.Thank you.I hope you find these suggestions/proposals practical.I would be ready to discuss about this matter with you to further details.Whatever you decide to do, good luck with your studies/work!
其他常用句式
I feel that it would be beneficial if… If I were you, I would… You may consider doing…
It would seem to me that you could… As you may agree that…
求職信 開頭常用句式
I am writing in response to your advertisement in … I would like to apply the vacancy of… I am writing this letter to submit my application for…
I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in … I would like to apply for the vacancy of … advertised in …
I am writing to express my interest in your advertised position for … In reply to your advertisement in …, I beg to apply for the post of … in your company.I am writing to apply for the position that you have advertised in… Your advertised position of … interests me…
I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of … you have advertised on…
結(jié)尾常用句式
I would be most grateful if you grant me a personal interview.Any favorable consideration of my application will be highly appreciated.Your prompt response will be much appreciated.I should be pleased to attend for an interview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to hearing from you.I have enclosed my resume that gives details of my qualifications and experience.I hope I may be granted an interview, when I can explain my qualifications more fully.I should be pleased to attend for an interview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.其他常用句式
I graduated from … University majoring in… I have been working in … since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.Upon graduation, I first worked as… The following job was… and currently I am working for…
The kind of work in which your company is engaged particularly interests me.I feel I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the position for… advertised in the newspaper.It seems to me that my working experience, together with my education background, has given me an ideal preparation to assume the role of … in a firm such as yours.道歉信 開頭常用句式
I am writing this letter to apologize to you for … I would like to express my deepest apology for not being able to … I am writing this letter to apologize to you for my failing to… I am writing this letter to express my regret … I feel dreadful about …
I must beg your forgiveness for … I am very sorry to say that … I am writing to apologize for … Please accept my sincere apology for … Here is my deepest apology for… I am terrible sorry, but…
結(jié)尾常用句式
Please allow me to say sorry again.Will you please accept my apology? I am sorry for any convenience caused.I hope you can accept my apologies.Will you accept my apology? Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please allow me to say sorry again.I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.其他常用句式
Would you mind if I change the appointment time? Would it be convenient for you…? I am really sorry for the trouble.It is very kind of you to ask us to … But, to our regret, we cannot accept it.I am sorry I cannot … and I trust that you will be able to understand.I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.I am sorry that I will not be able to … due to …
I hope that this does not cause you too much inconvenience.I want you to know how badly we feel about it and to assure you that it will not happen again.Thank you for being patient with us.In order to avoid … happening again, I have …
感謝信 開頭常用句式
Thank you very much for…
I am writing this letter to thank you for … I am writing to express my sincere thanks for … I feel greatly indebted to you for … I really do not know how to express my gratitude for your help.I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for… I am writing to tell you how greatly I appreciate all you have done for me…
I don’t know how to thank you for your kindness to me.I warmly appreciate for your hospitality.We are indebted to you for your help.With deepest gratitude I write you’re here few lines.結(jié)尾常用句式 Thanks again!I do appreciate it.I appreciate more than I can say.I must thank you again for your generous help.My true gratitude is beyond the word’s description.I feel most obliged to thank you once more.I am most grateful for your selfless donation.Please accept my gratitude as always.Best wishes for your health and every happiness.My thanks to you for your kindness and assistance when I …--and my love for you, always!其他常用句式
I am writing to thank you, on behalf of …, for the lovely time we had at your party last night.I feel deeply indebted to you and I really do not know how to thank you enough for your help.If it had not been for your assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequence might have been much more serious.It is generally held that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.Thank you very much for your kind hospitality and the honor you showed me during my visit… It was nice of you to..Please have no hesitation in writing to me should you want me to do something for you…
It was kind and thoughtful of you to…
申請信 開頭常用句式
Your advertisement made me unable to wait to write this application for the post because I think I have the qualifications you are seeking.I am writing to apply for the advertised post of … I would like to apply for admission to your college.I would like to further my studies in … department of your honored university.I would like to apply for the graduate program of … in your university.I would like to apply for the scholarship that your department offers to students from other countries.I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to further my study in … towards a master’s degree in your university.I would like to apply for admission to your graduate school of..結(jié)尾常用句式
Looking forward to your favorable reply.I hope you will kindly send me an application form.Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to hearing from you.I greatly appreciate any of your favorable consideration of my application.I would be very grateful if you would consider my application and could send me some information about the scholarship.Thank you for your consideration.I look forward to your reply.I would be grateful if you can grant me an early reply about the result of my application.If any scholarships are available, I would appreciate it if you would send me the necessary application forms.I hope my academic background will meet your general entrance requirements for graduate study.其他常用句式
I have obtained my BA in … from University.I am a senior student now and expect my graduation next summer from … University.I major in … and did some research work during my undergraduate years.Since graduation I have been working in … which specializes in… Now I am particularly interested in…
Would you please send me the necessary application forms and any further details about …
I hope to further continue my research on …
Enclosed please find two letters of recommendation and my transcript.I am interested in your MA programs in …, and wish to enter this program.My background is as follows: …
投訴信 開頭常用句式 I am writing to complain about/that…
I am writing to inform you that I am dissatisfied with you… I think it’s high time you realize… I am writing to make a complaint about…
I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about…
I am writing to express my disappointment/ dissatisfaction/ concern about…
I am most reluctant to complain, but…
I am writing to advise you that I find… inconvenient I wish to draw your attention to the problem / fault… that I bought… I venture to write for complaining about…
I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a serious complaint.It is with great reluctance that I must inform you that … I regret to inform that …
Thank you for your … which arrived yesterday.Unfortunately, …
結(jié)尾常用句式
I would be grateful if you could…
I trust you will take my complaint seriously and… I will appreciate it very much if you could… I must have you fully understand that without a satisfying solution, I will reserve my right to take legal action.Frankly speaking, I am not prepared to put up with the situation any more.On the condition that this one proves to be unacceptable, I will receive a refund.I would appreciate it if you could…
I understand you will give immediate attention to this matter.I look forward to your dealing with these problems without delay.I would like to have this matter settled by the end of… I shall be obliged if you will look into …
I understand you will give immediate reply to this matter.If I must be constantly annoyed in this matter, I shall have to …
其他常用句式
The reason for my dissatisfaction is…
Under these circumstances, I find it difficult to… I can no longer tolerate / bear… For one thing… For another…
I hope we can manage to sort his out amicably.Therefore, I hope to change for another … or I declare a refund.We know that you are not generally careless, but we would like your assurance that this will not happen again.I recently ordered / purchased from you … I must protest against …
I find it appalling and distressing that…
I received such poor service that I felt I should bring to your attention.If I receive this type of treatment again, I will take my business elsewhere.詢問信 開頭常用句式
I am very eager to receive information about … I am writing for information about …
It would be grateful if you could furnish us with the information about …
We would appreciate some information from you about …
I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information concerning …
I would be grateful if you could give me some information about … I would like to know it you have some information about …
I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding …
Would you be kind enough to provide me with some information about …?
I would like to have some information about …
結(jié)尾常用句式
Your earliest reply would be mostly appreciated.Your immediate response is enthusiastically expected.I would highly appreciate your prompt reply.I am looking forward to your due attention and quick response.We are looking forwards to your prompt attention to this letter.Thank your for your consideration.其他常用句式
Frankly speaking, I am quite ignorant of … Therefore, I am writing to ask for your help.I would be most grateful if you could send me information about …
Another matter I need information is …
Another point I am still not sure is that … I would also like some clarification on …
It would be great if you could supply me with the following information.I would also like to inquire if …
邀請信 開頭常用句式
We would like to invite you to … I would like to see your presence at … May I ask you to consider … I would be most grateful if … I wonder if you could come to … We should be grateful if you could … I take the pleasure to invite you to …
It is with the greatest pleasure that I write to cordially invite you to … It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you to… We should be very grateful if you could…
結(jié)尾常用句式
I would feel honored if you could come.I do hope that you can make it.I’m looking forward to your participation in … I look forward to hearing from you.I do hope that you will be able to come.I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision.My family and I would feel honored if you could come.My family and I look forward to seeing you.We should be very please if you could honor us with your presence.Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come? Thank you for your time and consideration.其他常用句式
As you are a close friend of our family, my parents and I would very much like you to participate in the … and share our joy.The occasion will start at … There will be activities such as …
We should be very pleased if you could come and have dinner with us this evening.Would you like to join us to celebrate …? Would you care to come to my house for …? Would you please consider the possibility of … ? If that time does not fit into your schedule, please feel free to suggest a day that is more convenient to you.祝賀信 開頭常用句式
It was exciting news for me to learn of …
Please accept my sincere/hearty/warm congratulations on … It was a great pleasure to send you my congratulations on … I was delighted to learn of your success /achievements in … You don’t know how excited and happy we felt at the news of … I am really happy to learn that you have been elected… It is with great pleasure that I hear of your success.I was very delighted to hear the news that you…
Allow me to convey my congratulations on your promotion to… Heartiest congratulations upon your …
結(jié)尾常用句式 Wish you good luck!We wish to share your honor and joy.I wish you success and fulfillment in the years ahead.May all go wonderfully in your new post!May every happiness be yours!All my best wishes for an even more prosperous future/successful career!May each succeeding year bring you great happiness and prosperity.Every good wish to you for much health, happiness, and prosperity!
其他常用句式 Good news travels fast!I am pleased to know that you have … It was a splendid performance / a great triumph.I know that… This shows that… I am delighted that…
I have just leant the good news that you…
Best wishes for your greater success in all that you undertake.I only want to let you know how happy I am for you.Working as … is an exciting way for you to play an important role in … It is with the greatest pleasure that I offer you my sincerest congratulations on your …
I am sure a talented person as you will make great achievement and live a fuller life.
第五篇：考研英語作文高分必備
考研英語作文高分必備
1． 開頭超強(qiáng)公式一：名人名言
有人問了，“我沒有記住名言，怎么辦？尤其是英語名言？”，很好辦：編！
原理：我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來的，包括我們欣賞的文章也是，所以盡管編，但是一定要聽起來很有道理呦！而且沒準(zhǔn)將來我們就是名人呢！對吧？
經(jīng)典句型：
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（適用于已記住的名言）
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（適用于自編名言）
更多經(jīng)典句型：
As everyone knows, No one can deny that? 2． 開頭超強(qiáng)公式二：數(shù)字統(tǒng)計(jì)
原理：要想更有說服力，就應(yīng)該用實(shí)際的數(shù)字來說明。
原則上在議論文當(dāng)中十不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的，可是在考試的時(shí)候哪管那三七二十一，但編無妨，只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型：
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起來這個(gè)數(shù)字文鄒鄒的，其實(shí)都是編造出來的，下面隨便幾個(gè)題目我們都可以這樣編造：
Honesty：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，大學(xué)生向老師請假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，85%的人在近距離旅行的時(shí)候首選的交通工具是自行車。
Youth：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，在某個(gè)大學(xué)，學(xué)生的課余時(shí)間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
A recent statistics shows that ? 結(jié)尾超強(qiáng)公式
1． 結(jié)尾超強(qiáng)公式一：如此結(jié)論
說完了，畢竟要?dú)w納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)長篇大論，到最后終于冒出個(gè)“總而言之”之類的話，我們馬上停止開小差，等待領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說結(jié)束語。也就是說，開頭很好，也必然要有一個(gè)精彩的結(jié)尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，這樣，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：
Obviously（此為過渡短語）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果讀者很難“顯而見之”，但說無妨，就當(dāng)讀者的眼光太淺罷了！
更多過渡短語：
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型：
Thus, it can be concluded that?, Therefore, we can find that? 2． 結(jié)尾超強(qiáng)公式二：如此建議
如果說“如此結(jié)論”是結(jié)尾最沒用的廢話，那么“如此建議”應(yīng)該是最有價(jià)值的廢話了，因?yàn)檫@里雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個(gè)很經(jīng)典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽！
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.這里的虛擬語氣用得很經(jīng)典，因?yàn)榭脊俦緛斫?jīng)常考這個(gè)句型，而如果我們自己寫出來，你說考官會(huì)怎么想呢？
更多句型：
Accordingly, I recoMMend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.寫作的“七項(xiàng)基本原則”
一、長短句原則
工作還得一張一馳呢，老讓讀者讀長句，累死人！寫一個(gè)短小精辟的句子，相反，卻可以起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主題：
As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可見，長短句結(jié)合，抑揚(yáng)頓挫，豈不爽哉？牢記！
強(qiáng)烈建議：在文章第一段（開頭）用一長一短，且先長后短；在文章主體部分，要先用一個(gè)短句解釋主要意思，然后在闡述幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)的時(shí)候采用先短后長的句群形式，定會(huì)讓主體部分妙筆生輝！文章結(jié)尾一般用一長一短就可以了。
二、主題句原則
國有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否則會(huì)給人造成“群龍無首”之感！相信各位讀過一些破爛文學(xué)，故意把主體隱藏在文章之內(nèi)，結(jié)果造成我們稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個(gè)主題句，放在文章的開頭（保險(xiǎn)型）或者結(jié)尾，讓讀者一目了然，必會(huì)平安無事！
特別提示：隱藏主體句可是要冒險(xiǎn)的！
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主題句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原則
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話總是第一部分、第一點(diǎn)、第二點(diǎn)、第三點(diǎn)、第二部分、第一點(diǎn)? 如此羅嗦。可畢竟還是條理清楚。考官們看文章也必然要通過這些關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽”來判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡單，只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)前就清楚了。
1）first, second, third, last（不推薦，原因：俗）
2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推薦，原因：俗）
3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推薦，原因：俗）
4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推薦，原因：俗）
5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（強(qiáng)烈推薦）
6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（強(qiáng)烈推薦）
7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（強(qiáng)烈推薦）
8）most important of all, moreover, finally
9）on the one hand, on the other hand（適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況）
10）for one thing, for another thing（適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況）
建議：不僅僅在寫作中注意，平時(shí)說話的時(shí)候也應(yīng)該條理清楚！
四、短語優(yōu)先原則
寫作時(shí)，尤其是在考試時(shí)，如果使用短語，有兩個(gè)好處：其
一、用短語會(huì)使文章增加亮點(diǎn)，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單，看不到一個(gè)自己不認(rèn)識(shí)的短語，必然會(huì)看你低一等。相反，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點(diǎn)—精彩的短語，那么你的文章定會(huì)得高分了。其
二、關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻思維短路，只有湊字?jǐn)?shù)，怎么辦？用短語是一個(gè)辦法！比如：
I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達(dá)：I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短語表達(dá)：I am looking forward to it.這樣字?jǐn)?shù)明顯增加，表達(dá)也更準(zhǔn)確。
五、多實(shí)少虛原則
原因很簡單，寫文章還是應(yīng)該寫一些實(shí)際的東西，不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實(shí)詞，少用虛詞。我這里所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個(gè)很好的時(shí)候，不應(yīng)該之說nice這樣空洞的詞，應(yīng)該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如：
走出房間，general的詞是：walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房間應(yīng)該說：slip out of the room
小姐走出房間應(yīng)該說：sail out of the room
小孩走出房間應(yīng)該說：dance out of the room
老人走出房間應(yīng)該說：stagger out of the room
所以多用實(shí)詞，少用虛詞，文章將會(huì)大放異彩！
六、多變句式原則
1）加法（串聯(lián)）
都希望寫下很長的句子，像個(gè)老外似的，可就是怕寫錯(cuò)，怎么辦，最保險(xiǎn)的寫長句的方法就是這些，可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后關(guān)系或者并列關(guān)系。比如說：
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的，我們可以用一個(gè)超級(jí)句式：
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.其它的短語可以用：
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2）轉(zhuǎn)折（拐彎抹角）
批評某人缺點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，我們總習(xí)慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，然后轉(zhuǎn)入正題，再說缺點(diǎn)，這種方式雖然陰險(xiǎn)了點(diǎn)，可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢，我們說話的時(shí)候，只要在要點(diǎn)之前先來點(diǎn)廢話，注意二者之間用個(gè)專這次就夠了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin, but it was warm.更多的短語：
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3）因果（so, so, so）
昨天在街上我看到了一個(gè)女孩，然后我主動(dòng)搭訕，然后我們?nèi)タХ葟d，然后我們認(rèn)識(shí)了，然后我們成為了朋友?可見，講故事的時(shí)候我們總要追求先后順序，先什么，后什么，所以然后這個(gè)詞就變得很常見了。其實(shí)這個(gè)詞表示的是先后或因果關(guān)系！
The snow began to fall, so we went home.更多短語：
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4）失衡句（頭重腳輕，或者頭輕腳重）
有些人腦袋大，身體小，或者有些人腦袋小，身體大，雖然我們不希望長成這個(gè)樣子，可如果真的是這樣了，也就必然會(huì)吸引別人的注意力。文章中如果出現(xiàn)這樣的句子，就更會(huì)讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實(shí)就是主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句的變形。
舉例：This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復(fù)雜成分：
When to go, Why he goes away?
5）附加（多此一舉）
如果有了老婆，總會(huì)遇到這樣的情況，當(dāng)你再講某個(gè)人的時(shí)候，她會(huì)插一句說，我昨天見過他；或者說，就是某某某，如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話里面，那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.其實(shí)很簡單，同位語--要解釋的東西刪除后不影響整個(gè)句子的構(gòu)成；定語從句—借用之前的關(guān)鍵詞并且用其重新組成一個(gè)句子插入其中，但是whom or that 關(guān)鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。
6）排比（排山倒海句）
文學(xué)作品中最吸引人的地方莫過于此，如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話，那么我希望你引用一個(gè)個(gè)的排比句，一個(gè)個(gè)得對偶句，一個(gè)個(gè)的不定式，一個(gè)個(gè)地詞，一個(gè)個(gè)的短語，如此表達(dá)將會(huì)使文章有排山倒海之勢！
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（氣勢恢宏）
要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可！
七、挑戰(zhàn)極限原則
既然是挑戰(zhàn)極限，必然是比較難的，但是并非不可攀！
原理：在學(xué)生的文章中，很少發(fā)現(xiàn)諸如獨(dú)立主格的句子，其實(shí)也很簡單，只要花上5分鐘的時(shí)間看看就可以領(lǐng)會(huì)，它就是分詞的一種特殊形式，分詞要求主語一致，而獨(dú)立主格則不然。比如：
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.如果您可一些出這樣的句子，不得高分才怪！文章主體段落三大殺手锏
一、舉實(shí)例
思維短路，舉實(shí)例！提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，舉實(shí)例！提出一個(gè)方案，舉實(shí)例！而且者也是我們揭示一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)最好的方式，任何情況下，只要我們無法繼續(xù)文章，不管三七二十一，盡管舉例子！
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance.For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.更多句型：
To take ? as an example, One example is?, Another example is?, for example
二、做比較
方法：寫完一個(gè)要點(diǎn)，比較與之相似的；又寫完一個(gè)要點(diǎn)，再比較與之相反的；
世界上沒有同樣的指紋，沒有相同的樹葉，文章亦同，只有通過比較，你才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)二者的相同點(diǎn)（through comparison）和不同點(diǎn)（through contrast）。下面是一些短語：
相似的比較：
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
相反的比較：
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with ?, ?
三、換言之
沒話說了，可以換一句話再說，讓你的文章在多一些字，或者文鄒鄒地說，是讓讀者更充分的理解你的觀點(diǎn)。
實(shí)際就是重復(fù)重復(fù)再重復(fù)！下面的句子實(shí)際上就三個(gè)字 I love you!
I am enthusiastic about you.That is to say, I love you.I am wild about you.In other words, I have fallen in love with you.或者上面我們舉過的例子：
I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達(dá)：I cannot put up with it.因此可以這樣說：I cannot bear it.That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.更多短語：
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply
領(lǐng)航名師墨東博：考研英語作文模板--國有企業(yè)
As is vividly depicted in the picture , with a clear cracking sound , two bowls clashed into each other , in which the shinning one keeps its integrity , whereas the shabby one breaks into pieces.Just like being symbolically revealed in the set of drawing, the fact that the intact bowl, as a symbol of soly-invested companies , overwhelms the broken bowl representing the state-owned companies, with collision standing for fierce companies, profoundly indicates that it is time that our state-owned companies entailed reform especially after china’s entry into WTO when facing soly-invested companies abroad.To the popular mind , it is immediately assumed that when reform in state-owned companies is argued,it is car industry that is meant.To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon , several points should be figured out.For one thing, some of car industries once enjoyed the glorious past , They have ,however, gradually lost their market shares when soly ?invested companies were sweeping into domestic market.For another , in order to turn the corner ,the leaders of them should adopt the policy of reform such as acquisition, re-engineering and introduction of advanced technology and concepts of management.No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below, No 1 Motor Vehicle Plant has witnessed from predicament to rejuvenation through none other than effective steps mentioned above.Therefore ,no issue is as critical to individual and national survival and prosperity as reform in state-owned companies.Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive some positive meanings from this thought-provoking picture.It is ,hence, necessary that efforts be made to follow the spirit of reform concerning state-owned companies.On one hand, the government should make law to perfect irrational rules and regulations being visible in reform process.On the other hand, the leaders of state-owned companies should enhance the awareness of reform.Only by undergoing these steps ,can our more state-owned companies become members of Top 500 in the world, which, indeed, has gone to the heart of maintaining good momentum of national economy growth.一、要求：考生根據(jù)所給情景寫出一篇約100詞（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不計(jì)算在內(nèi)）的應(yīng)用性短文，包括私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、摘要、報(bào)告等。考生在答題卡2上作答。滿分10分。
注意事項(xiàng)：
1）格式：稱呼，結(jié)尾，署名
2）簡明扼要，清楚明確。
3）遵照要求，內(nèi)容齊全。
4）言語得體，真心誠意。
二、備忘錄
備忘錄是一種錄以備忘的公文。在公文函件中，它的等級(jí)是比較低的，主要用來提醒、督促對方，或就某個(gè)問題提出自己的意見或看法。在業(yè)務(wù)上，它一般用來補(bǔ)充正式文件的不足。它的內(nèi)容可以分為以下幾項(xiàng)：
書端（Heading）
收文人的姓名、頭銜、地址（Addressee's Name, Title, Address）
稱呼(Salutation)
事因(Subject)
正文（Body）
結(jié)束語（Complimentary Close）
署名（Signature）
寫作注意事項(xiàng)
1、書端部分包括發(fā)文機(jī)關(guān)的名稱、地址、發(fā)文日期，有的還包括電報(bào)掛號(hào)、電傳號(hào)、電話號(hào)碼等。許多機(jī)關(guān)有自己特制的信箋，在寫書端時(shí)，其格式和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的使用與一般信件的相同。
2、稱呼從左邊頂格寫起，對一般機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體的負(fù)責(zé)人一般用 Dear Sir，對政府官員可用Sir。
3、正文、結(jié)束語和署名等項(xiàng)與一般信件的格式相同。“事因”一項(xiàng)目前采用得較少。
范文
Directions: Write a memorandum of about 100 words to the student service department and ask them to fix a telephone for each dormitory.MEMO
August 16, 2005
To: The leader of student service department
From: Li Ming
Subject: Telephone
Dear Sir，I would like to remind you that we are in want of a telephone for each dormitory.As a university student, we need to cope with the daily increasing communications with teachers, friends and people outside the campus.We need a telephone to get and send message, which is important for us.Though most of us have mobile phones and e-mail address, a telephone in the dormitory is after all the most convenient and cheapest tool of communication.I hope that you will pay attention to this problem and solve it as soon as possible.Regards.Yours,Li Ming
三、摘要
文章摘要是對所寫文章主要內(nèi)容的精煉概括。美國人稱摘要為“Abstract”，而英國人則喜歡稱其為“Summary”。
通常國際刊物要求所要刊登的文章字?jǐn)?shù)，包括摘要部分不超過1萬字。而對文章摘要部分的字?jǐn)?shù)要求則更少。因此寫摘要時(shí)，應(yīng)用最為簡練的語言來表達(dá)論文之精華。論文摘要的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)放在所研究的成果和結(jié)論上。
國際會(huì)議要求的論文摘要的字?jǐn)?shù)不等，一般為200字-500字。而國際刊物要求所刊登的論文摘要的字?jǐn)?shù)通常是100字-200字。摘要的位置一般放在一篇文章的最前面，內(nèi)容上涵蓋全文，并直接點(diǎn)明全旨。語言上要求盡量簡煉。摘要通常多采用第三人稱撰寫。
科學(xué)書籍、論文和學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告一般都附有內(nèi)容摘要，這樣可以節(jié)省讀者的時(shí)間，使他們不必讀完整個(gè)文章就能夠了解它的主要內(nèi)容。書籍摘要，一般放在封二或封三；論文和學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告的摘要，一般放在正文前面。摘要應(yīng)做到簡明扼要，切題，能獨(dú)立成文，使讀者能準(zhǔn)確地了解書籍的要義。寫摘要時(shí)，最好用第三人稱的完整的陳述句，文長一般不超過200個(gè)詞。
英文摘要分類
摘要分陳述性的（Descriptive）和資料性的（Informational）兩類。陳述性摘要只陳述書籍或文章的主題，不介紹內(nèi)容。資料性的摘要除了介紹主題外，還應(yīng)介紹文章的要點(diǎn)和各個(gè)要點(diǎn)的主要內(nèi)容。它可以包括三個(gè)組成部分：
①點(diǎn)明主題，解析文章或書籍的目的或意圖；
②介紹主要內(nèi)容，使讀者迅速了解文章或書籍的概貌；
③提出結(jié)論或建議，以供讀者參考。
英文摘要常見句型
1）This paper deals with...2）This article focuses on the topics of(that, having, etc)...3）This eassy presents knowledge that...4）This thesis discusses...5）This thesis analyzes...6）This paper provides an overview of...7)This paper elaborates on...8）This article gives an overview of...9）This article compares...and summarizes key findings.10）This paper includes discussions concerning...11)This paper presents up to date information on...12)This article covers the role of chemicals in...13)This paper addresses important topics including...14)This paper touches upon...15)This paper strongly emphasizes...16)This eassy represents the preceedings of...17)This article not only describes...but also suggests...18)This paper considers...19)This paper provides a method of...20)This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...摘要題型寫作要點(diǎn)：
① 動(dòng)筆之前，考生一定要認(rèn)真仔細(xì)地閱讀所給原文，弄懂原文大意，掌握原文要點(diǎn)。
② 摘要的長度一般是原文的四分之一或五分之一，考試時(shí)應(yīng)遵守規(guī)定的字?jǐn)?shù)限制。
③ 在做摘要時(shí)考生切忌照搬原文。
④ 摘要應(yīng)與原文的觀點(diǎn)保持一致，并且仍按原文的邏輯順序排列。
⑤ 重點(diǎn)反映主要觀點(diǎn)，刪除細(xì)節(jié)。
⑥ 簡化從句，用簡短的語句代替冗長的語句。
⑦ 檢查與修改時(shí)，考生應(yīng)重點(diǎn)檢查是否遺漏了原文的要點(diǎn)或包含了細(xì)節(jié)。
摘要題型寫作實(shí)例
① 試題題目
Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 80 words.We continue to share with our remotest ancestors the most tangled and evasive attitudes about death, despite the great distance we have come in understanding some of the profound aspects of biology.We have as much distaste for talking about personal death as for thinking about it;it is an indelicacy, like talking in mixed company about venereal disease or abortion in the old days.Death on a grand scale does not bother us in the same special way: we can sit around a dinner table and discuss war, involving 60 billion volatilized human deaths, as though we were talking about bad weather;we can watch abrupt bloody death every day, in color, on films and television, without blinking back a tear.It is when the numbers of dead are very small, and very close, that we begin to think in scurrying circles.At the very center of the problem is the naked cold deadness of one’s own self, the only reality in nature of which we can have absolute certainty, and it is unmentionable, unthinkable.We may be even less willing to face the issue at first hand than our predecessors because of a secret new hope that maybe it will go away.We like to think, hiding the thought, that with all the marvelous ways in which we seem now to lead nature around by the nose, perhaps we can avoid the central problem if we just become, next year, say, a bit smarter.② 原文要點(diǎn)：
1.continue to have the most confused ideas of death like predecessors
2.avoid talking about death
③ 參考摘要：
People dislike talking about death because they just like their predecessors still have the vaguest ideas of the issue.They talk about death only when million upon millions of people are killed in war.When they find only very few people die each time and the death rates are almost equal, they become very anxious, thinking that next time they themselves will meet their doom.Therefore, they fear very much.However, they have a hope that when they control nature, they can avoid death.(84 words)
開頭與結(jié)尾用語
開頭：Dear Sir, Dear Madam, Dear sir or Madam, Dear President, Dear Sales Manager, Dear Dean, Dear Professor, To whom it may concern, Dear Mr.Smith，結(jié)尾：Yours faithfully, Yours truly, Yours, Yours sincerely, Best regards, Best wishes, lovingly yours, sincerely yours，l 正文第一句
朋友：Hi!How are you?
Hello!I hope everything is fine.Hi!How is everything going?
如不認(rèn)識(shí)：I was a guest at your hotel from June 25 to 28.I am a student at your college, enrolled in the computer course.致謝：Thank you for your invitation to the international medical conference on October 11.Thank you for your letter dated October 11.解釋寫信原因：I am writing to advise you for the loss of my credit card.I’d like to inquire about course details.I am writing to complain about/of the poor service at your restaurant.l 結(jié)尾段
發(fā)出請求：I am looking forward to your prompt reply.Please reply to us at your earliest convenience.表達(dá)歉意：once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please accept my apologies once again.提出投訴：I expect to hear from you very soon.Please give this matter your immediate attention.常用信件寫作介紹
1． 投訴信
開頭：自我介紹，交代投訴內(nèi)容，表明本信的目的和要求
正文：說明情況，講清利害，分析利弊。告訴對方你因此受到的傷害或不便，提出解決問題的建議，表明希望如何處理。
結(jié)尾：表達(dá)希望問題得到迅速恰當(dāng)解決的強(qiáng)烈愿望。希望盡快得到滿意的答復(fù)。
常用句型：
I am writing to you to complain about….I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at…
I beg to call your attention to the fact that…
I wish to refer you to an incident which occurred…, calling for some remedial action.I very much regret to have to inform you that…
I am totally/completely disappointed/upset to find…
I find it awful/quite distressing that…
My experience in…on…(date)shocked me.I can hardly put up with it.There are some problems with the … that I wish to bring to attention.For one thing, there is….For another, …..I can hardly stand/bear/tolerate/put up with it any more.To improve the situation/solve the above problem, it is advisable for you to take the following measures:…
I look forward to a day when we could really enjoy a more efficient service.I hope that the above situation will be improved as soon as possible.If it is not properly settled, I would ask you to give my money back, or I would complain to the Consumer’s Association.I request you to be kind enough to solve the problem as soon as possible.應(yīng)注意：
1）禮貌用詞，不能過激。
2）提出希望/要求，句型要多樣化。
3）反映問題集中，不要聯(lián)想其他。
Ex.1
Last Saturday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem.2． 咨詢信、請求信、說明信
開頭：簡要告知身份，表明寫信原因或請求
正文：詳細(xì)闡明詢問、請求的具體內(nèi)容、希望獲得的信息。說明信應(yīng)寫明原因、實(shí)情及希望對方做些什么。強(qiáng)調(diào)所需信息/幫助的重要性。（按要求）
結(jié)尾：表達(dá)謝意，希望得到對方回復(fù)、幫助或合作。
常用句型：
I would like to inquire about some information concerning/regarding….I am writing in the hope that you can…
I am writing because I would like to…
Needless to say, your approval of my request will be beneficial not only to myself but to the company.Could you tell me what I have to do to…
It is sincerely requested that you…
My first question is that …
Should I need to send further materials, please let me know.If additional information is required, please advise me at your early convenience.Should I send you copies of my qualification in advance?
I would be much obliged to you if you could let me know the procedures I have to go through.Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.Please render me some valuable advice which is conducive to my final decision.I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.應(yīng)注意：
1）請求內(nèi)容/信息一定要詳盡，具體。
2）語氣要客氣，委婉。
3）語言直接，具體，簡明。
Ex2.For some reason, you need to borrow a book from a classmate.Write a letter to him or her to
1)describe the book you want to borrow，2)specify by when the book will be returned, and
3)express your gratitude.3． 道歉信。
開頭：簡單交代對何事進(jìn)行道歉。
正文：解釋事情發(fā)生的原因，消除誤會(huì)或矛盾。
結(jié)尾：再次表示遺憾何歉意，表明愿意補(bǔ)救的愿望，提出建議或安排。
常用句型：
I must apologize to you for…
I am very sorry that..I regret to inform you that I will not be able to…
I am afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.I sincerely hope you understand that I offended you quite unintentionally.I believe you can understand that I have not intended to hurt you.I owe you an apology.It is my fault.I am to blame for this unpleasant thing.Please pardon/excuse/forgive me.I sincerely hope that you will kindly accept my apologies.I will try my utmost not to make such a stupid mistake again.I trust the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes.I hope you will kindly forgive my lapse of attention.I am so sorry to have put you to/into so much trouble.應(yīng)注意：
1）事情原委要解釋清楚。
2）說明情況與理由，實(shí)事求是，簡明扼要。
3）態(tài)度誠懇。
4）用詞委婉，語氣溫和，得體。
Ex.You have invited a friend over to have dinner with you one night, but just before the dinner you received an urgent phone call from your office and you had to leave immediately.Write a letter of apology to your friend.4． 感謝信
開頭：表達(dá)謝意，提及受到的幫助。
正文：回憶該幫助，高度評價(jià)/贊揚(yáng)對方，表達(dá)當(dāng)時(shí)的心情感受。
結(jié)尾：再次表達(dá)謝意，提出回報(bào)希望。
常用句型：
I am grateful/thankful to you for…
I am much obliged to you for your help.I shall always appreciate the assistance you have given me.I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.It was most thoughtful and generous of you to send me such a beautiful and fancy gift.Thoughtful considerate considerable
It’s very kind of you to help us.I hope you can know how much I appreciate your hospitality and your many kindnesses to me.Hostility
But for your help, I would not..If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that..Thanks from the bottom of my heart for…
With thanks from every one of us and best wishes to you.Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you.I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.應(yīng)注意：
1）開頭要直截了當(dāng)。
2）表明誠意，避免空洞。
3）態(tài)度熱情
Ex.You got sick just a week before the final examinations and were sent to a hospital.One nurse treated you very well and you recovered soon.Write a letter of appreciation to the nurse(Miss Smith).Dear Miss Smith，I was just at your hospital when I got sick before the final examinations.First, I thanks for you could treat me very well and let me recovered soon.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I’m afraid that I couldn’t pass the exam.Thank you for the bottom of my heart for your help and service.Dear Miss Smith，I hope you can know how much I appreciate your kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.I got sick just a week before the final examination.I was so worried that I couldn’t take part in the examination.It was just you that encouraged me to face the illness bravely.So I recovered soon, and I got good results in my final examination.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid I can’t have recovered so soon and achieved such good results.Again, I would like to express my thanks to you.Sincerely yours，Dear Miss Smith，I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that I would be still in hospital now.I got sick just a week before the exam.You treated me well and I recovered soon.Now I pass the exam.But for your kindness help, I would not have passed the exam.Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you.I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.Yours sincerely，Dear Miss Smith，I was a patient of yours one week ago, and I write the letter to you to show my appreciation for your help.It was near the final exam then, and without your hospitable and generous help, I couldn’t have recovered so soon, let alone to get a high mark on the exam.I shall always appreciate the help you’d offered me and I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when opportunity arises.Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you.Best wishes，Sincerely yours，邀請信
開頭：開門見山，說明目的。
正文：邀請內(nèi)容（活動(dòng)性質(zhì)，地點(diǎn)，時(shí)間，日期），有關(guān)要求與希望。
結(jié)尾：重申對方參加的重要性，希望盡快回復(fù)。
常用句型：
I should be much pleased if you would come to our party on Friday the 15th at 6.I am pleased to invite you to participate in …to be held from…to….in..I feel it a great honor if you could..It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to…
We would be greatly honored if you could come…
I am writing to invite you to…
I am particularly anxious to have you join us.It’s a long time since I have had the pleasure of seeing you and I do hope you can come.We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you.I will cover all the expenses involved.應(yīng)注意：
1）用詞清晰，簡明。
2）邀請內(nèi)容清楚。
5． 求職信
開頭：說明信息來源，表明寫信目的 正文：提供個(gè)人資料，詢問相關(guān)問題。
結(jié)尾：表達(dá)愿望，提供聯(lián)系方式，表示感謝。
常用句型：
I have read your advertisement in…for a(position/post), and should be grateful if you could consider me favorably as an applicant for the position.I wish to apply for the post mentioned in your advertisement in yesterday’s newspaper.I wish to apply for a position with your company.I myself like the job very much and I think my personality is well suited to working as a ….Honest, trust-worthy, reliable, enthusiastic, diligent, bright, smart, careful, patient, responsible, efficient, productive, versatile, open-minded, optimistic，I am confident that my experience and ability will show you that I can fulfill the particular requirement of your position.Born in…in.., I graduated from….University majoring in …..I have been working in…since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.Upon graduation, I first worked as … The following job was ….And currently I am working for…
I intend to give up my present post in order to get a more challenging opportunity.With the kind of experience I have accumulated, I would expect a salary of not less than 4,000.I shall be very much obliged if you will offer me an opportunity for an interview.I am looking forward with great interest to hearing from you soon regarding my application.應(yīng)注意：
1）適當(dāng)展示自己（經(jīng)歷，才能）
2）不要言他
3）語言明確清楚，流露自信。
6． 推薦信
開頭：開門見山，表明關(guān)系。
正文：稱贊被推薦人（舉例說明），客觀介紹其相關(guān)能力，突出表現(xiàn)、性格與人品
結(jié)尾：作出保證，提出希望，表示感謝。
常用句型：
I am very glad to recommend you a former student of mine, Mr./Miss… to be a candidate for…
I am writing to recommend…
I have great pleasure to provide a letter for recommendation for Mr./Miss…
With reference to your advertised position, I have the pleasure to say that he is the just person you are looking for.He has proved to be industrious, responsible and skillful in carrying out his assignment.Besides being thoroughly honest and reliable he showed an unusual quickness and ability in…
I hope the above information will help you to know…
If you need any further information about his qualification, please do not hesitate to contact me.If further information about him/her is required, please do not hesitate to let me know/contact me
In view of his/her previous achievements in…, I am firmly convinced that Mr./Miss.., will make a successful graduate student/staff member.I would be most grateful if you would consider my recommendation and kindly offer him a…
應(yīng)注意：
1）開門見山，簡明扼要。
2）舉例說明，客觀敘述。
7． 表揚(yáng)信
開頭：身份簡介，提及感謝的人，事。
正文：敘述經(jīng)過，詳細(xì)介紹值得表揚(yáng)之處，表達(dá)感受
結(jié)尾：提出祝愿與希望
常用句型：
I am writing to tell you how highly I think of…
I am writing because I appreciate very much what Mr./Miss…from your company has done.I am greatly impressed by….What he has done shows that…
He deserves praise for what he has done.I am greatly inspired by…
It is your good service as well as excellent food that help you set up a world reputation.For this reason, I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks and hope that your company will have a brighter future.應(yīng)注意：
1）敘述經(jīng)過，明確具體。
2）上升到一個(gè)高度。
3）語言誠懇。
8． 祝賀信
開頭：開門見山，說明消息來源
正文：回憶過去，表明感受，展望未來，提出建議。
結(jié)尾：表達(dá)祝愿
常用句型：
What exciting/thrilling news!
It’s good/sensational news.I was delighted/thrilled to hear/to receive the news that ….It’s the most joyful news I have heard for a long time.I congratulate you on/upon your success.Congratulations and all good/best wishes.Please accept my heartiest congratulations on…
Permit me to congratulate you…
We want you to know how happy we were when…
It gave me a great deal of pleasure to learn…
Wish you all the happiness in the world.I hope you will have nothing but joy and happiness in your life/career.All the luck in the world to you!
Best of luck to you!
范文：
Ex.1
Last Saturday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem
Dear manager，I was a guest/customer at your restaurant last Saturday.I wish to refer you to the incident that happened that day, calling for your immediate attention to the matter.It shocked me when I found a fly in a dish in the middle of our meal.I could hardly bear it.I felt sick.If it happens again, I am convinced that no one will come to eat here any more.It is advisable for you to tidy up/ clean up your kitchen as soon as possible.Please give me your immediate attention to this matter.Sincerely yours，***
Ex2.For some reason, you need to borrow a book from a classmate.Write a letter to him or her to
1）describe the book you want to borrow，2）specify by when the book will be returned, and
3）express your gratitude.Dear Jones，I am writing to ask for your help in lending me a book.Recently I’ve been busy preparing my graduate thesis, and therefore have been reading and researching numerous books and references.One of the books that my advisor believes to be particularly relevant to my thesis is called The Legal System in Society.Unfortunately I have been unable to find it at the library or in any bookstores.Do you happen to have this book? If so, may I borrow it? I promise to take good care of it and will return it to you within three days.Thank you very much.I hope to hear from you soon.Sincerely yours，Li Ming
練習(xí)題：
Ex.1
You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to study there because he or she always has friends visiting.They have parties in the room and sometimes borrow your things without asking you.Write a letter to the Accommodation officer at the college and ask for a new room next term.You should prefer a single room.Explain your reasons.Ex.2
Your classmate and close friend, Jack, has just passed the graduate entrance examination and is going to study at a famous university in another city.Write a letter of congratulation to him.Ex.3
You stayed with a local family when you attended a training program in UK.You returned to your home country in a hurry and found that you had left your laptop in the family.Write a letter to the family, thanking them for their hospitality.Describe the computer and where it is and ask the host to send it back to you.Ex.4
You are a college student who applies for a part-time job in a shop during the summer vacation.Write a letter to the shop owner explaining why you are a suitable person for the job.Remember to ask him or her about the rate of payment.Ex.5
You are a college student who applies to a university for an MA degree program of the major “Life Science”.Introduce yourself and state out the reasons.Ask them to send the necessary information concerning the course.1.審題要認(rèn)真
短文的標(biāo)題是對全文的高度概括。通過認(rèn)真審題來確定標(biāo)題的核心詞或者說關(guān)鍵詞,依此來整理思路。因此,考生看到試題后絕對不能提筆就寫,而是應(yīng)該認(rèn)真審題,看清題目的要求和提示,充分利用題目所提供的信息、關(guān)鍵詞所圈定的范圍,在確立主題后再動(dòng)筆。
如 從標(biāo)題 The Misery of Shyness 中得知,考生不但要解釋說明 Shyness ,更重要的是要突出由 Shyness 帶來的Misery。至此,短文要重點(diǎn)闡述帶來了什么Misery。
2.文體要統(tǒng)一
正式文體的文章不宜用非正式的語句。有些考生在一篇很正式的議論文中用以下的句子做結(jié)語 OK, this is what I want to say.或是That’s my opinion.Do you agree with me？等等,使文章顯得不倫不類。
3.主題要突出
標(biāo)題如果是 Pollution from Cars 或 Air Pollution ,以下段落的闡述顯得有些贅述 1 Part of this problem is the world’s exploding population.2 A growing population undoubtedly means more factories polluting the air.3 Besides, land and water pollution has also increased.4 Pollution is, in fact, threatening our health, our happiness, and our civilization.尤其是第三句,還有點(diǎn)跑題。
4.文字要連貫
一篇好文章要注重連貫性。連貫性主要體現(xiàn)在句子與句子、段落與段落的銜接上,這種銜接要通過過渡詞語來實(shí)現(xiàn),以達(dá)到文章通順,語言流暢。例如 It is clear that television news can vividly bring into us dramatic events of importance, such as wars, games and soon, but it can not cover important stories in detail they may deserve because of its time limitation.On the contrary, print news excels in its ability to devote as much space to a story as it sees fit, though it can not compete with television visually.Besides, television is essentially a passive medium.Such as, but, because of, on the contrary, though, besides 這些過渡詞把句子從語義上連接起來,形成一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體,讀起來猶如行云流水,自然酣暢。
5.內(nèi)容要一致
要?jiǎng)h除多余的詞語,否則, 一是破壞了文章的一致性, 二是有湊字?jǐn)?shù)之嫌。如 Scientists fear that nuclear energy will one day destroyus.2 They say that the explosion of a nuclear bomb can kill millions of people and cause disease and deformity in later generation.3 Because of limited energy resources, scientists are studying the possibilities of nuclear power.4 And any failure from a nuclear plant may cause enormous damage to the affected area5 What’s more, up to now people have not discovered a safe way to dispose of radioactive wastes.本段中的第三句與主題不符, 也與第二和第四句不連貫, 應(yīng)刪除。
6.表達(dá)方式要多樣化
詞、句型使用的多樣化不僅給文章增加了色彩和可讀性,與此同時(shí)也可反映考生的詞匯量和語言掌握的程度等。為避免文章平淡、呆板, 可使用不同的句式 強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、否定句等等。長短句使用合理相間,用短句表達(dá)有力的結(jié)論,用長句體現(xiàn)嚴(yán)密的邏輯關(guān)系。考生在舉例說明的段落中尤其要注意詞語的多樣性。
7.考點(diǎn)要覆蓋全
無論是什么形式的寫作都有寫作內(nèi)容上的要求,一般為三個(gè)方面。考生在動(dòng)筆前一定要看清寫作內(nèi)容上的要求,以確保文章覆蓋所有考點(diǎn)。
8.語言要流暢
評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已清楚地告訴考生 文章要語言流暢、字句通順、表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確, 這是得高分的基礎(chǔ)。
Last year the public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of animal care bills and furniture.1 It is difficult not to feel resentful about this when one considers what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty,2 and it is not unusual for me to get hot under the collar when I read about another old person who has left all his ／her money to a dog or cat home.這兩句在表達(dá)意義上用詞十分到位,隨著兩個(gè) when 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句內(nèi)容的遞進(jìn),主句對表現(xiàn)氣憤程度的加強(qiáng)通過用詞的不同而表達(dá)得淋漓盡致；排比結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用使觀點(diǎn)更加明確 在1 中 It is difficult not 和 to feel resentful about this 與2 中的 it is not unusual 和 to get hot under the collar 詞語表達(dá)極其準(zhǔn)確。這需要考生在平時(shí)大量閱讀文章時(shí)多注意積累好的語言表達(dá)。
9.首尾要呼應(yīng)
上述幾項(xiàng)被閱卷者稱為閃光點(diǎn) ,即加分的因素。除此而外, 更重要的一點(diǎn)是要注意文章的完整性,即首尾要呼應(yīng)。
10.檢查要到位
這個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)往往被考生忽略不計(jì),而因?yàn)樯倭诉@個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)所造成的后果真可謂是功虧一簣。在閱卷過程中,時(shí)不時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn) ourself、thinked、the person who are… ,而這些會(huì)釀成不良后果的錯(cuò)誤完全可在一兩分鐘的時(shí)間內(nèi)檢查、修改完成。所以, 在寫完短文后, 要耐心地再讀一遍。
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