第一篇：名師指導：談談大學英語寫作心得

英文寫作是大學生在英語考試中最薄弱的一環。很多同學花了大量的時間和精力，卻很難在這一項上有所突破。比方說，天天用一個小時來練習瀏覽，一段時間以后，瀏覽的速度和正確度都會有比較明顯的進步；然而，天天用一個小時來寫作，可能每次寫的作文質量不會有太大的差異。可以說，在寫作上的練習是一項投入產出比較低的工作。事實上，寫作也有一定的技能，這些技能不被人所留意，緣由在于：寫作的技能很大程度上不能從分析考試題目本身來得出，需要通過對大量英文文章的學習和總結得來，即工夫在題外。筆者在英語寫作中有幾點心得。

一、要善于模仿

對大多數學習英語的同學來講，英語的辭匯量、句式的積累還極其有限，遠不能到達用英文流暢表達，揮灑自若的地步。在這一階段進行創作是分歧時宜的，假如非要創造，只能寫出long time no see這樣的文字來。因此，模仿是這一階段的必經途徑。

談到模仿，一些同學的辦法就是背一堆范文，然后再到考場上進行一個剪切、粘貼的工作，效果可想而知。這不是真正意義上的模仿，充其量算是默寫課文。如何模仿呢？

首先，模仿的目標要明確。模仿的重點永久要放在一定的句式結構上，而非個別的辭匯。道理很簡單：一個詞，隨著文章內容的變換，可能就不能用了；而句式結構是放置四海而皆準的東西，適用的范圍廣，學來對寫作的幫助也就明顯。

其次，模仿的材料要隧道。像新概念英語這樣的教材就提供了很多原汁原味的英語表達法。盲目選擇文章學習，記一些不中不洋的句子，以謠傳訛，浪費時間。

最后，模仿要體現在實際動筆上。比如說，新概念第三冊有一個句式說：&for the *** reasonthat&表示某種現象的緣由是甚么，用在大學英語考試中，我們就可以夠拿來解釋為甚么自行車在中國如此的流行，表達為：The bicycleis very popular in China for the *** reasonthat&。然而，很多同學經常背了這些句式不用，一談到緣由依然是&because&，等等。

二、要靈活變通

在批改英語作文的進程中，經常能發現一些將中文僵硬地翻譯成英文的表達法。由于中英文之間的差異和辭匯量、表達法積累的不足，出現難于表達的情況是十分正常的。關鍵題目在于如何處理。有一句話叫做立志如山，行道如水，套用在這個題目上就很合適。寫英文作文，一定要有決心把它寫好，有信心把意思表達清楚，這是立志如山；但關鍵是碰到題目時要有個靈活的態度，能像流水一樣變通解決題目。

有個翻譯界的故事說：在某大型國際會議的接待會上，一道菜是用雞蛋做的。與會的客人問翻譯：What is it madeof？本來是非常簡單的一個題目，結果翻譯太緊張，忘了egg這個詞，但是他急中生智，回答：It is made of MissHens son.這里，就是一個靈活變通的范例。繞道表達，是寫作中應當經常應用的一種方法。

第二篇：名師指導BEC中高級寫作

名師指導BEC中高級寫作

商務英語證書（BUSINESS

ENGLISH

CERTIFICATE）是教育部考試中心和英國劍橋大學考試委員會合作，于1993年起舉辦的考試。它在很大程度上借用了雅思的一些出題思路。在接下來的文章中，我們從官方介紹中尋找該考試的目的，并講解中高級寫作的一般方式，以及通過官方提供的樣文來分析BEC考試的作文評分方式。

首先，我們先解析中華人民共和國教育部考試中心對BEC考試的介紹。“該系列考試是一項語言水平考試，根據公務或商務工作的實際需要，對考生在一般工作環境下和商務活動中使用英語的能力從聽、說、讀、寫四個方面進行全面考查，對成績及格者提供由英國劍橋大學考試委員會頒發的標準統一的成績證書。該證書由于其頒發機構的權威性，在英國、英聯邦各國及歐洲大多數國家的商業企業部門 獲得認可，成為確認證書持有者英語能力證明的首選證書，同時也是在所有舉辦該項考試的國家和地區求職的”通行證“。

商務英語證書考試（BEC）由中英雙方合辦。英國劍橋大學考試委員會負責命題，閱卷，頒發證書。中國教育部考試中心負責報名、印制試卷和組織考試。

BEC 中級寫作45分鐘、；BEC 高級 寫作70分鐘……考試答題卡由教育部考試中心海外考試處匯集后寄英國劍橋大學考試委員會評卷。評出成績后BEC 中級分A、B、C、D、E五等；BEC 高級分A、B、C、D、E五等，），打印成績通知單（包括不及格的D、E、Fail）和成績證書，寄至教育部考試中心后寄發各考點向考生頒發。”

從這段文字中，我們可以看出，BEC考試不是考專業的商務知識，而是“一般中做環境下和商務活動中”的語言應用。所以，語言的本身功夫才是考核的重點。夯實語言基礎在寫作考試中起著決定性的作用。

第二，中級考試作文兩個部分：小作文，memo，note，email，和message，一般是公司內部交流。大作文，correspondence，report，proposal。高級：小作文，圖表。大作文中級相似。這里要指出的是，和國內四六級考試的作文評分方式有很多不同的地方。特別是不表類文章。BEC的考試文章對格式要求是比較嚴格的。

第三，作文總的做題方式。

1、提綱所示內容一定要以明確方式體現在文章當中。這是判斷是否完成任務，是否偏題的依據。所以，提綱的內容改編成中心句體現在文章中這是必要的。

2、其次是邏輯，即英文的邏輯是建立在形式邏輯上的。文章中得出現上下承接的詞匯。如，我們工作失誤，向你道歉。應該改為：因為我的工作失誤，所以向您道歉。

3、結構上應該是中心句＋1、2、3的模式。即，文章的第一段一定是中心段，作者的觀點和文章的要旨得在第一段得以體現，之后是分支觀點，每段的第一句是中心句，后面是支持這一中心的論據而已。

4、英文是定量語言。也就是說，不能僅僅依靠一個名人的話語就可以決定觀點的正確，得有推論，得有例證。

5、要避免簡單但嚴重的錯誤，如主謂一致、單復數問題、時態、簡單詞的拼寫，和搭配。這些錯誤看似簡單，但十分嚴重。在英國人的這套考試體系中，是要檢測的是有著良好英文修養的人在一般商務情況下的語言英語。在我們看來很簡單的錯誤，如，we are student.這僅僅是單復數問題，在考官看來卻能證明考試缺乏基本的英文修養。所以，夯實基礎是必要的。

6、用詞上不一定要用大詞匯，考官要的是variety。也就是用詞的多樣性。同一個意思的詞在原文出現多次，那么要盡可能換為它的近義表達，或者改編詞性出現，這是所有英文考試作文部分都要看的。

第四，下面我們用人民郵電出版社出的BEC真題集中的樣文來進一步分析說明考官的關注點和評分點。這是市面上不多的，由劍橋大學考試委員會直接編寫和評述的樣文，仔細分析，更有利于發現問題。（例一：《劍橋BEC真題集 第3輯 高級》，劍橋大學考試委員會，人民郵電出版社，2006年9月第一版；例二：《劍橋BEC真題集 第3輯 中級》，劍橋大學考試委員會，人民郵電出版社，2006年9月第一版）

例一 Question

The Chief Executive of your company is concerned that staff morale seems to have deteriorated and has invited suggestions for making improvements.Write a proposal to the Chief Executive：

suggestion why morale is low

outlining the effects of low morale

proposing some ways of improving morale

indicating any disadvantages of your proposal.Sample A(4分)

Introduction： This proposal aims at showing why staff morale has deteriorated and suggests ways of improving the current situation.Findings： Apart from most superiors? opinion that their subordinates are not happy with their job and have developed a low moral towards it due to unsatisfactory salaries and not enough fringe benefits，a survey among the workforce has shown that the real reasons for this problem are to be found elsewhere.Many of the employees mentioned their fixed working hours and yet constantly changing amounts of incoming orders，whichleads to boredom at work on some days and pure stress on others.But even more staff members have complaint about constant organizational changes without ever getting the information of what exactly will changed beforehand.The effects can be noticed in every department of the company.Superiors and department directors say that their subordinates are not willing to do any extra work and are absolutely not open for any changes.Recommendations： It is suggested that the first step towards a better work atmosphere be the introduction of flexi time.That way the employees can leave earlier when there isn?t much work to do and stay longer when the amount of work rises.The problem of organizational changes should be tackled in three different ways.First of all superiors are to be encouraged to pass more information on to the workforce，secondly the employees should become more involved in the decision making process and at last there should be annual feed backs by the employees about their superiors.The downside of these actions is that they are quite time consuming and this of course leads to more costs but on the other hand there will be less fluctuation.文章結構清晰，語言自然。文章組織和前后鏈接好。盡管有少許語言錯誤，但應該是高分檔次。具體來說，看結構，該文第一段就說明了proposal的目的，論證過程introduction-findings-recommendations。西方文化是講求程序化的，也就是說這個引言――論證――結論是固定的結構，這樣才能讓考官清晰的看到作者的意圖和布局。

Sample B(2 分)

The employe?s moral is at a very low level and get deteriorated over the last year.There are some reasons for that：

---First of all，the market is not growing which means that nobody is seeing how things could go better and nothing is moving forward.---There are more and more cost?s controls and in an other hand，employees can see other departments spending money for “useless” furnitures.---Customers are requesting more and more and employes have the feeling they have to do more relationship，politic tan real technical work..Because of those，people are spending time by shouting around against customers，company and colleagues.They are criticizing others，sometimes to times they answer “badly” to customer and their job?s quality is falling down.The proposals to fight against these and to go back to the high quality with motivated employes are：

---Management should handle the political part out of the employe?s hob.Employes have to stay focused on their core competency，the technical things.---By implementing web based training employes could spent their “shouting” time to train themselves from their desk to improve their knowledge and to make their job better.By this，company avoid any extra costs for accommodations，travel and time spend in training classes.These measure bring more workload on Management and more time spent with employes and customers.Web based training means less time spent on “real” work because of the tie needed to learn and assimil the course? contents.該文用了足夠詞匯來回答問題，做到提綱要求的延伸。但語言錯誤明顯，表述目的不明，結構混亂。以上畫線部分是很明顯的錯誤，還沒包括一些搭配錯誤等。結構上，該文的中心放在了中間段落，目的不清晰，總結和推論混為一談。

例二，Your department needs to recruit more staff.Your line manager wants you to write a report explaining your requirements and commenting on recruitment methods.Look at the information below，on which you have already made some handwritten notes.Then，using all your handwritten notes，write your report.Write 120-140 words.Sample1(5分)

Report on staff recruitment

As our company is developing several new products，the department of R&D needs new staff urgently to help design and monitor our products.Thus we need to recruit 35 new staff，including electrical engineers and product developers.All of them should have at least two years ? experience in relevant field.More specific requirements will finally be decided in a few days.As to recruitment methods，the disadvantage of relying on recruitment agency is that we need more time and procedure than we can afford.So I suggest we turn to a more direct way of Newspaper advertisement，which has been used many times and proved effective.Comparing the two newspaper，Echo and Chronicle，we prefer the former because though it charges ？500 more than the latter，the general readers are 400，000 more，most of whom are highly-educated.We are sure to get reply soon after we launch the recruitment campaign.該文觀點清晰，提綱要求全部達到，通順易懂，盡管有少量語言錯誤，但不影響它的清晰表達。

Sample2（2分）

Recruit Require new staff

I am sun Lee from production department.This report is provide to Human Resources department manger to explain our requirement and comment on recruitment method.Finding

In order to improve our company productivity，our department needs 10 higher skill worker.And because of last year，our department have 15 workers leave this company due to there personal reason so，now we need 35 staff.We need ten higher skill worker with high degree and others worker should be female.Recommedation We have 3 ways to recruitment.First is recruitment agency.We use this before.the expenditure is very expensive，and people that provided is not very suitable.Second is online recruitment.We never use this method before，so we can not say this is good or not.However，online recruitment，sometime the resources is unblieveable.Last one is newspaper advertisement.We used many times before，and we have two better newspaper，one is Echo，the other is Chronicle.The cost of advertisement on the newspaper is ￡25，00 and ￡2，000.Even the cost of advertisement on Echo is expensive is higher than Chronicle，the numbers sold on each day is more than Chronicle，is 600，000，the wide rage that the Echo covered is large.So，we decide use Newspaper advertisement，and name of newspaper is Echo.Thank you！

題目要求的要點基本談及到，結構是不錯的，文章中也使用了表示承接關系的連接詞，但是不斷的重復和過多的語言錯誤讓讀者難以理解文章。

從這兩篇中級文章，我們可以看出，盡管第二篇結構似乎更清晰，但語言上的錯誤仍然讓考官難以容忍。

從上面的官方例文我們可以看出，1、ＢＥＣ寫作考試對商務知識考得不是很多，大多只需涉及基本的一些觀念就行了；２、提綱所示必須以明確方式體現在文章中；３、語言的基本功底很重要，越是高級考試，越難以容忍簡單的基礎性語言錯誤；４、每種文體的結構是有限制的，一定得按照相應的商務文章的結構去謀篇布局，也就是，“八股文”的形式是不應該有大的改變的。

綜上所述，BEC寫作的考點很明確：規定的商務英語文章的格式，中心＋1、2、3的表述方式是清晰表達的必然要求（中心即提綱要求，1、2、3是指表達邏輯關系的連接詞），無錯的英文表達是合格和優秀的基礎。

來源: http://www.tmdps.cn/

第三篇：大學英語寫作

常用寫作句型

1現象解釋型

模板一

⑴According to the chart/graph/ table/ picture, it is clear that 圖表/畫內容總概括.⑵The chart/graph/ table/picture shows.⑶Many reasons contribute to 現象概括.⑷To begin with, 原因一.⑸進一步闡述原因一.⑹Moreover, 原因二.⑺In addition, 原因三.⑻As a result, 段落總結句.⑼As to me, I think 我的觀點/態度/建議.⑽ First of all, 理由一.⑾ Besides, 理由二.⑿To conclude, 模板二

Topic

⑴From the chart/graph/ table/picture, we learn that nowadays, 總述社會現象/事實現象, which has aroused the great /common concern.⑵what impresses me most is.⑶That are many reasons accounting for.⑷First of all,原因一.⑸進一步闡述原因一.⑹ What is more, 原因二.⑺ For example, 舉例說明原因二.⑻ In addition, 原因三.⑼As far as I am concerned, 我的觀點.⑽For one thing/On one hand 理由一.⑾ For another/ On the other hand,.⑿Thus/In brief/Taking above mentioned factors into consideration, I may reasonably conclude that….常用句型

⑴As is described in the chart/graph/table/picture, in the past few decades, there have arisen sharp increase in…如圖中所示，在過去的幾十年中，……急劇增長。

⑵The chart/graph/table/picture describes that the figure declines/falls smoothly/markedly, it indicates that…

圖表顯示數字下降平緩/明顯，這表明……

⑶In the chart/graph/table/picture, we can seen that there was a slight/ marked fluctuation.It reveals that…

在圖表中，我們可以看到有細微/很明顯的波動，這表明…

⑷Recently, the problems of …has become the focus of the public concern.近來，…問題引起公眾極大的關注。

⑸There may be a combination of factors which contribute to/ are responsible for/ explain… …可能是好幾個因素造成的結果。

⑹There may be several possible reasons for which will be demonstrated below.可能有幾個原因導致了我們下面所要闡述的問題。

⑺It’s no easy /simple task to offer the reasons for this phenomenon which involves more than one complicated factors.要解釋該現象產生的原因并不容易，因為其中涉及到很多復雜的因素。

⑻ Among all the important/convincing reasons for…,one should be emphasized… 在所有重要/有力的原因中，我們應當重點關注…

2問題解決型

模板一

Topic

⑴It is well-known that 相關背景, but nowadays 總述不良現象或問題.⑵現象具體表現一.⑶現象的具體表現二.⑷It should be paid attention to that 該現象 is causing great harm/該現象 is caused for many reasons.⑸On one hand, ⑹On the other hand,.⑺Therefore, it is high time that ⑻First of all, 解決方法一.⑼進一步闡述方法一.⑽Secondly/In addition, 解決方法二.⑾Thirdly/Besides/Morever.解決方法三.⑿Only in this way can we解決問題.模板二

Topic

⑴There has been a discussion recently about 事實現象.⑵ It is obvious that 危害一/作用一.⑶ Additionally, 危害二/作用二.⑷So how to 解決問題is worth paying attention to.⑸On one hand/ Firstly, 解決方法一.⑹進一步闡述方法二⑺On the other hand/Secondly,解決方法二.⑻For example,支持該方法的例子.⑼In addition/ Thirdly, 解決方法三.⑽In fact, more than three ways can be adopted.⑾As for me, 我的思考或看法.⑿All in all, 總結全文.常用句型

⑴It is important that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation.⑵There is little doubt that serious attention must be called to…

⑶There is no immediate solution to the problem of…,but …might be helpful/ but the general awareness of the necessity of…might be the first step.⑷In order to make our world a better place in which we live, we should make great efforts to… ⑸To conclude, we can see the best way is…

⑹Following these methods may not guarantee the success in solution to…, but the payoff will be worth the effort.3對比選擇型

模板一

Topic

⑴Different people have different views on看法/問題.⑵Somme prefer 一種看法觀點.⑶Others tend to.⑷As for me, I agree to the first/ second opinion.⑸Of course, 我不贊同的觀點的合理性.⑹For example, 支持其合理性的例子.⑺But 我不贊同的觀點的不足.⑻The following reason can account for your preference.⑼The main reason is that 支持觀點的理由一.⑽ A good example to illustrate is that 支持理由一的例子.⑾In addition/ What’s more,支持觀點的理由二.⑿For the foregoing, 重申觀點.模板二

Topic

⑴When it comes to事物/問題, different people will offer different opinions.⑵Some people take it for granted that 觀點一.⑶In their opinion, 觀點一的理由一.⑷Besides, 觀點一的理由二.⑸However, others hold that觀點二.⑹They maintain that 觀點二的理由一.⑺And 觀點二的理由二.⑻Weighing up these two arguments, I am for 觀點一/觀點二.⑼ On one hand, 理由一.⑽ On the other hand, ⑾ For instance, 舉例說明理由二.⑿ Therefore, as stated above, 常用句式

⑴ There is a general discussion nowadays on the problem of …Some argue that …,but others set forth a totally different argument about the issue.⑵ In response to the problem, some people believe…,in their minds,…Other maintain that…, in their eyes,…

⑶ Personally, I side with the former/ latter opinion.⑷ In conclusion, it is clear that

4觀點論證型

模板一

⑴ It is true that 普遍的觀點.⑵ However, 不同的觀點/現象.⑶ I think,我的觀點.⑷ 理由或其他論據 can be listed as follows.⑸ Firstly，論據一.⑹ Secondly, 論據二.⑺ For example, 支持論據二的事例.⑻ Thirdly, 論據

三.⑼ A case in point is 支持論據三的事例.⑽ There is no doubt that 重申觀點.⑾ Therefore, 與該觀點相符的做法.⑿ In a word, 總結全文.模板二

Topic

⑴ Many people believe that 社會現象/事實.⑵The truth is deep and profound.⑶ As we all know,具體表現一.⑷ In addition, 具體表現二.⑸ There are numerous examples supporting this argument.⑹ A case in point is 闡述第一個例子⑺ For another example, 引出并說明第二個例子.⑻ Moreover, 闡述第三個例子.⑼All mentioned above that tells us that重申觀點.⑽ But(One thing we have to notice is that)提出個人建議.⑾ In short,總結全文.常用句式

⑴ It is well known that …plays an important part in…

⑵ It is believed that …

⑶ There are many reasons explaining …

⑷ From what has been mentioned above, we may safely come to the conclusion that …

5應用文

⑴建議信模板

Date

Dear ___________,⑴ I am delighted to learn that _________.⑵ It____________.⑶ In my opinion, ________.⑷ On one hand,_________.⑸ On the other hand,_________.⑹ As to ________, I suggest ___________.⑺ If__________.⑻ It is unnecessary for you to _____________.⑼ In addition, ________________.⑽ I am sure _______________.⑾ Please inform me _________________.⑿ I amlooking forward to __________.Sincerely yours,Signature

常用句式

⑴ I would like to suggest that …/ I am writing with my suggestion that…

⑵ You have asked me for my advice with regard to …and I will try to make some conducive suggestions.⑶ If I were you, I would…

⑷ As you may agree that...⑸ I hope you will find these suggestions helpful/ practical/ useful.⑹ I hope you will take my suggestions into consideration.⑺ I would be happy to see improvements in this regard.⑻ I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details.⑵倡議書模板

Date

Dear________,⑴ I am writing this letter to call on ____________to ____________.⑵ As some of you may know,___________.⑶ In fact,___________.⑷It is necessary for us to___________.⑸ On one hand,__________.⑹ On the other hand, ______________.⑺ However,___________________.⑻So it is high

time_____________________.⑼ Firstly, ________________.⑽Secondly, _______________.⑾ If you are willing to ____________, please ______________.⑿ Join us in the action and extend ________into a spirit that dares any possible difficulties.Thank you.⑶求職信模板

Date

Dear_______,⑴ I am applying for the position of _________advertised in _________.⑵ I major in

_____.⑶ My training in ________definitely meet your qualifications.⑷ My complete resume is attached.⑸ I will graduate on____________ from_________.⑹ In addition to the required courses of this program, I have_________.⑺ I also have some experience in ___________.⑻ I believe my training and experience _________________.⑼ You will find me to be ________________⑽ I hope that you will consider me for your position.⑾ May I have a personal interview at your convenience? ⑿ I can be reached by telephone __________.Sincerely yours,Signature

常用句式

⑴ I am writing to apply for the post of …advertised in …

⑵ In reply to your advertisement in…, I beg to apply for the post …in your company.⑶ I feel I have the qualifications and experiences needed for the position of …

⑷ I shall bring with me the full details of my testimonials as you request.⑸ I hope I may be granted an interview when I can explain my qualification more fully.⑹ It seems that my experience, together with my education, has given me ideal preparation to assume the role of…in your firm.

第四篇：大學英語寫作模版

（1）模版一There is no consensus among the people as to the view of(主題).Some people hold the idea that(觀點A).A case in point is that(支持觀點A的例子).On the other hand, others may have a quite different view.According to them,(觀點B).The most typical example is that(支持觀點B的例子).Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter.Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some

extent, but the latter is more convincing.2）模版二(主題)is a common occurrence in our lives.The attitudes toward this issue vary from person to person.Some people tend to ______when they are asked(觀點A)because(支持觀點A的原因).The most typical example is that(支持觀點A的例子).However, others argue that(觀點B).They point out that(重申觀點B)for the reason that(支持觀點B的原因).As far as I am concerned, I will choose to(你的觀點)because this choice fits my personality and my life-long belief.2）My View 型（1）模版一 When asked about(主題), some people hold the idea that 觀點A).As far as they are concerned,(展開觀點A).But I could not agree with them in several points.In my opinion,(觀點B).The reasons for my choice are listed as follows.In the first place,(支持觀點B的理由1).In the second place,(支持觀點B的理由2).In the third place,(支持觀點B的理由3).For the reasons mentioned above, I firmly believe(重申觀點B).（2）模版二 Some people believe that(觀點A).For instance, they hold the idea that(支持觀點A的例子).And it may bring them（A帶給他們的好處).In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,(我不同意的理由1).For another,(我不同意的理由2).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, I agree to the thought that(重申自己的觀點).3）利弊型（1）模版一Nowadays many people prefer(主題)because it plays a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.On the one hand,(主題的優點1).On the other hand,(主題的優點2).But everything can be divided into two.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that(主題的缺點1).To make matters

worse,（主題的缺點2).Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects.Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain,(主題)itself is

neither good nor bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society.（2）模版二With the development of science and human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality.Some of them have positive effects on our life, but some are distasteful.The phenomenon of(主題現象)is an example of the former / latter one.There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.To start with,(原因1).Furthermore,(原因2).Eventually,(原因3).Good as(主題現象)is, it has, unfortunately, its disadvantages.The apparent example is that(缺點例子1).In addition,(缺點例子2).On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of the progress of the modern society.There is still a long way for us to improve / eliminate(主題現象)and make our life more comfortable.圖表式作文 It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years(as X varies).At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all, …(第一個原因).More

importantly, …(第二個原因).Most important of all, …(第三個原因).From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for

quite a long time(if necessary measures are not taken括號里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢).提綱式作文 1.對立觀點式 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing（X）.They point out the fact that 支持（X）的第一個原因。They also argue that 支持（X）的另一個原因。

However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do（X）.They firmly point out that 反對（X）的第一個理由。An eample can give the details of this argument:

There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of（X）overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about,（X）also may（X）的有一個壞處。

2.批駁觀點式Many people argue that 錯誤觀點。By saying that, they mean 對這個觀點的進一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個

例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響)。

There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯誤觀點相反的觀

點。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。

3.社會問題(現象)式 Nowadays, there exists an increasinglyserious social/economic/ environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common

concern of the public).According to a survey, 調查內容說明這種現象的情況。(或者是一個例子)。

There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面參照辯論式議論文寫法。

X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。

A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.同上

Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..辯論式議論文模版

模版1Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 觀點1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 觀點2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 論據1.More importantly, 論據2.Most important of all, 論據3.In summary, 總結觀點.As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或:From above, we can predict that 預測.模版2People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 觀點1, while others point out that 觀點2.As far as I am concerned, the

former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 論據1.For another, 論據2.Last but not the least, 論據3.To conclude, 總結觀點.As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預測.模版3There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(爭論的焦點)。Some people are of the view that 觀點1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 論據1。Furthermore, 論據2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 論據3。

A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結觀點。

As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預測.(I)說明原因型模塊

Currently, XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX

It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon

(6).With reference to my standpoint, I think(7).注釋: 1:XX的第一個優點 2:支持XX的做法 3:不支持XX的做法

4:XX的第二個優點 5:舉例證明優點二 6:說明XX優點三的影響第三天我寫的相應作文:The importance of self-confidence

Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your

enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that

(self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint, I think(he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).(I)說明原因型模塊(2)

In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all,(3).Then, there comes a case that(4).Moreover,(5).Especially when(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind

people that(7).In this way, we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels.It has

caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all,(with so many programs to choose from,children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school).Moreover,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what

programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.Nowadays, there are more and more [某種現象] in [某種場合].It is estimated that [相關數據].Why have there been so many [某種現象]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [原因一].Besides, [原因二].The third one is [原因三].To sum up, the main cause of [某種現象] is due to [最主要原因].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing, [解決辦法一].On the other hand, [解決辦法二].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [某種現象].為便于讀者理解，我特意用這個模板，寫了一篇關于ghost writer(捉刀代筆的槍手)的示范性小作文，請您觀摩一下。

Nowadays, there are more and more [ghost writers / 槍手] in [China's examinations / 中國的考場].It is estimated that [5％ examinees are ghost writers / 5％的應試者是槍手].Why have there been so many [ghost writers / 槍手]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [hirers' ignorance / 雇主無知].Besides,[hirers' indolence / 雇主懶惰].The third one is [hirers' obtusity / 雇主遲鈍].To sum up, the main cause of [ghost writers / 槍手] is due to [hirers' low IQ / 雇主智商低].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing, [flagellation / 鞭打].On the other hand, [decapitation / 斬首].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [ghost writers / 槍手].（I）說明原因型

模塊

（一）Nowadays ,there are more and more XX in some big cities.It is estimated that(1).Why have there been so many XX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that(2).Besides,(3).The third reason is(4).To sum up ,the main cause of XX is due to(5).It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing ,(6).On the other hand ,(7).All these measures will certainly reduce the

number of XX.Generation gap between parents and children

Nowadays , there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and

children which is so-called generation gap.It is estimated that(75 percentages of parents often complain their children's unreasonable behavior while children

usually think their parents too old fashioned).Why have there been so much misunderstanding between parents and children?

Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that(the two generations,having grown up at different times, have different likes and dislikes ,thus the disagreement often rises between them).Besides(due to having little in common to

talk about , they are not willing to sit face to face).The third reason is(with the

pace of modern life becoming faster and faster , both of them are so busy with their work or study that they don't spare enough time to exchange ideas).To sum

up ,the main cause of XX is due to(lake of communication and understanding each other).It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing(children should respect their parents).On the other hand ,(parents also should show solicitue for

their children).All these measures will certainly bridge the generation gap.（I）說明原因型 模塊（2）In recent years , xx has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all ,(3).Then , there comes a case that(4).Moreover ,(5).Especiallywhen(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected theo remindpeople that(7).In this way ,we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television

In recent years , with the development of science and technology ,80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV , offering as many as 50 channels.It has

caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all ,(with so many programs to choose from , children are not getting as much

exercise as they should).Then , there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their

ability to achieve in school).Moreover ,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV

viewing).In this way ,children will not be influented too deeply.（I）說明原因型 模塊（3）

Currently,XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX.It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result , your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your

plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon

(6).With reference to my standpoint ,I think(7).注釋：： XX的第一個優點 2： 支持XX的做法 3：不支持XX的做法 4：XX的第二個優點

5：舉例證明優點二6：說明XX優點三的影響第三天我寫的相應作文：

The importance of self-confidence

Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuablethan self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence ,it will bring your creative power

to play , arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome

difficulties), as a result , your dreams willcome true.On the contrary,if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that

you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。

It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(self-confidence gives you light

when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect

that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in preserverence and

self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound

influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint ,I think(he that can have

self-confidence can have what he will).綜合運用篇

Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....隨著社會的不斷發展，出現了越來越多的問題，其中之一便是____________。

As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，對于此類問題，人們持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)

As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....隨著社會的發展，人們開始關注.....As to whether it is worthwhile....., there is a long-running controversial debate.It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.關于是否值得________的問題，一直以來爭論不休。當然，不同的人對此可能持不同的觀點。

Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....最近，這種現象引起了人們的廣泛關注，有人開始擔心______________。

展現問題篇

Recently the issue of whether or not...has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近來，是否_______的問題已經非常明確而且引起了社會的廣泛關注。

The issue whether it is good or not to....has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.______的利與弊已在全國范圍內引起熱烈的討論。

At present, some people think....while others claim...Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人認為_______而另一些人則認為_______。其實，兩種觀點都其可取之處。

People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.對于這種極具爭議的話題，我們很難作出絕對的回答。

People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行業的人對同一種問題的解釋不盡相同。

The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.這中極具爭議性的話題往往很受社會的關注。不同的人對此問題的看法也不盡相同。

When asked..., some people think.....while some prefer...說到___，有人認為____，而另一些人則認為___。

There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of..There who criticize...argue that..., they believe that...,but people who favor.., on the other hand, argue that...目前，___問題爭議較大。批判_______的人認為___，他們認為____，不過，另一方面，贊同__的人則認為___。

1、常用與開頭的短語、句式

（1）with the（rapidly）growing popularity of（computers/private cars）in China，the quality of our lives has been considerably changed。

（3）With the development of（science and technology/market economy），more and more/an increasing number of people come to realize that …

（4）Currently there is a widespread/serious concern over(illegal publication/drug abuse/negative influence of western cultures).（5）Nowadays ,a heated debated/discussion about…is under way in China.some people believe that …,whereas others argue that…

（6）There are some reasons for owning(private cars/ personal computers).To begin with,…Next,…Last,…There are, on the other hand, many reasons against it, First,…Second,…Finally,…

（7）There are many advantages and disadvantages in(owning a car).（8）There are various /at least three ways/possible techniques/problems/methods to do something

（9）Smoking/Alcoholic beverage should be banned from college campuses for toe reasons.The first reason is that …The second reason is that …/On the one hand ,… On the other hand,…

（10）The possible solutions of(the energy crisis/water shortages/these social problems)depend on three factors…

（11）The tow major reasons responsible for(the rapid economic growth /the widespread of fake products)are…

2．常用于結尾的短語、句式

（1）It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to。。

（2）To conclude，we can see that（the best way/the possible solution）is。。

（3）In short，（shortages of water，decrease of fertile fields and environmental pollution）are the major problems to be solved to（increase rain production）。

（4）In order to make our world a better place in which to live we should make great efforts to。。

（5）In a word，there are three suggestions we must follow，only in this way can we（achieve a great success）。

（6）It is time for us to take an active part in。。

（7）Let us work hand in hand in hand to（solve these social problems）

1．表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this． 2）The reasons for this are as follows． 3）The reason for this is obvious． 4）The reason for this is not far to seek． 5）The reason for this is that．．．

6）We have good reason to believe that．．．

例： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．

2．表示好處1）It has the following advantages．2）It does us a lot of good． 3）It benefits us quite a lot． 4）It is beneficial to us．

5）It is of great benefit to us．

例： Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．

3．表示壞處1）It has more disadvantages than advantages． 2）It does us much harm． 3）It is harmfulto us．

例： However，everything dividesinto two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi-sion．

4．表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb．to do sth． 2）We think it necessary to do sth． 3）It plays an important role in our life．

例： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon，computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．

5．表示措施1）We should take some effective measures． 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties． 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth． 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．

例： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．

6．表示變化1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．

2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications． 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．

例： Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．

第五篇：大學英語寫作

1.對立觀點式

A．有人認為#是好事，贊成#，為什么？

B．有人認為# 是壞事，反對#，為什么？

C．我的看法。

模板:

With the development of our society, # has increasingly become a common concern of the public.(可再加一句情況說明)

Some people are in favor of the idea of doing #.They point out the fact that 支持# 的第一個原因.They also argue that 支持# 的另一個原因.However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do #.They firmly point out that 反對# 的第一個理由.What’s more, 反對# 的第二個理由.There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of#/doing # 的好處overweigh the disadvantages.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.(結尾一段也可選用這種方式:

Therefore, in my opinion, although there are advantages of #/doing # 的好處, its negative effects should not be ignored.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.)

Colleges Have Opened Their Doors Wider With the development of our society, the fact that colleges have opened their doors wider has increasingly become a common concern of the public.Some people are in favor of the idea of opening the colleges’ doors wider.They point out the fact that it allows more students to pursue higher education.They also argue that it will provide more talents for our society.However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to open the colleges’ doors wider.They firmly point out that it will be much harder for the graduates to find a job.What’s more, it will lead to a social problem.There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of

opening the colleges’ doors wider overweigh the disadvantages.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.(141 words)(結尾一段也可選用這種方式: Therefore, in my opinion, although there are advantages of opening the colleges’ doors wider, its negative effects should not be ignored.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.)(141 words)

2.社會問題(現象)式

A．一個社會問題或者現象

B．產生的原因

C．我的看法。

Work in the Countryside(positive)

1.許多大學畢業生自愿到農村工作

2.出現這種現象的原因

3.我的看法

Work in the Countryside With more and more university graduates in our society, how to find a good job has increasingly become a common concern of the public.It is reported that many university graduates would like to work in the countryside.There are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To start with, it is a fact that with more and more university students graduating each year, the job market competition becomes more and more fierce, and many graduates cannot find jobs in the cities.Secondly, most villages that are trying to employ university graduates have developed well.It makes mot much difference whether to work in the countryside or in the city.Last but not least, some university graduates who come from the

countryside are eager to go back home to contribute to the construction of their hometown.Based on the above reasons, I think university graduates should go to work where they are needed most and where they can make full use of their talents.Working in the countryside can be truly an advisable(明智的)choice.(170 words)Misleading News(negative)

1.當今社會虛假新聞越來越多

2.分析出現這種現象的原因

3.呼吁社會改變這種不智之舉

With the development of our society, misleading news has increasingly become a common concern of the public.It is reported that there are more and more misleading news in our society.There are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To start with, it is a fact that there are more and more modern communication tools in the world, misleading news can easily spread.Secondly, some journalists would like to draw public attention and increase the sales by publishing misleading news.Last but not least, the public would like to share some interesting news which may be misleading.Based on the above discussions, I think we should take action to prevent misleading news.Think twice before we speak can be truly an advisable choice.(124 words)

3.應用文

寫信:感謝信, 投訴信，道歉信,邀請信,申請(貸款、入學、求職)，請求別人幫忙（寫推薦信，搜查資料)

Dear Sir or Madam,(不知是誰的情況下，如果有要求寫給誰要寫上具體的名稱)

I am a student/customer who….I am writing to thank you for/complain about/apologize for/invite you to do/apply for/ask for your help to do sth.描述過程或原因.When I …, I was really thankful/upset/sorry /honored/interested/upset.I sincerely hope that ….If you can…, I will be really….I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Lily

A Letter to Apply for a Student Loan

1.介紹你的個人情況

2.申請助學貸款的原因、數額及用途

3.如何保證專款專用以及你的還款

Dear Sir or Madam,I am a sophomore in Peking University who majors in Engineering.I am writing to apply for a student loan of 2,000 yuan.It is hard for me to make the application, but I have to.Last year both my parents were laid off, and what’s worse, three weeks ago my mother was discovered to have caught a serious disease.Therefore, I could not get support for my study form my family any more.When I knew that I have the opportunity to apply for the student loan, I was really happy and excited.So I immediately write this letter to you to ask for your help.I sincerely hope that I can get the loan.I promise that all the money will go to my tuition and fees for the next year, and I will repay it within four years, that is, one year after my graduation.If you can grant my application, I will be really grateful.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Lily

(166 words)

4.圖表作文模板

圖表作文提示部分包括圖表和文字要點提示兩部分。圖表的類型主要有：圓形（餅型）圖（pie chart）、柱形圖(直型圖)（graph）、曲線圖（chart）和數據統計表(表格)（table）。① 描述圖表 ②分三方面解釋原因 ③下結論

1)As can be seen from the in______.During the period from _______to _______, ________rose from ________to _______, while _______ decreased from _______ to _______.2)We believe that there are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To begin with,____.Secondly, ____.Last but not least, _____.3)In conclusion, ______.We can imagine that _____.范文： Health Gains in Developing Countries

1．以下圖為依據描述發展中國家的期望壽命(1ife expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況

2．說明引起變化的各種原因

1960 1990

Health Gains in Developing Countries

life expectancy of developing 40 years nearly 60 years, infant

develops quickly in developing countries during this period, and living quality improves the development of national health care systems.When they become richer and richer, they care more about personal health conditions.medical sciences also develop at a fantastic speed, and it is much safer for mothers to give birth.the situations in developing countries are changing for the better.(169 words)

注:還須注意今年的熱點問題,如:就業(有關詞匯如: graduate, apply for, applicant, candidate等);經濟問題(有關詞匯如: the financial

crisis/tsunami等);或城市交通問題等.