第一篇：19種英語常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)

19種英語常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)

初學(xué)英語的人常常感到在掌握一些英語單詞和基本語法后，在英語說和寫方面還是很難表達(dá)自己，其中一個(gè)原因是沒有掌握一些英語句型，只有掌握了一些句型才能比較正確、完整地表達(dá)自己。下面是一些常用的句型及其例句。

1.否定句型

1)一般否定句

I don't know this.No news is good news.There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house.2)特指否定

He went to his office, not to see him.I am sorry for not coming on time.I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.3)部分否定

I don't know all of them.I can't see everybody/everything.All the answers are not right.（并非所有答案都對(duì)。）

All is not gold that glitters.（閃光的不一定都是金子。）Both of them are not right.（并非兩人都對(duì)。）

4)全體否定

None of my friends smoke.I can see nothing/nobody.Nothing can be so simple as this.Neither of them is right.5)延續(xù)否定

You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.You don't know, I don't know either.He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French.6)半否定句

We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.I know little English.I saw few people.7)雙重否定

You can't make something out of nothing.What's done cannot be undone.There is no sweet without sweat.No gain without pains.I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.No man is so old but(that)he can learn.8)排除否定

Everyone is ready except you.He did nothing but play.But for your help, I couldn't do it.9)加強(qiáng)否定

I won't do it at all.I can't see it any more.He is no longer a boy.2.判斷句型

1)一般判斷句

It is important for us to learn English.It is kind of you to help me.Sincere means honest.The boy is called/named Tom.We regarded/considered it as an honor.2)強(qiáng)調(diào)判斷

It is English that we should learn.It is he who helped me a lot.3)弱式判斷

Your sentence doesn't sound/look/appear/feel right.You look/seem as if/as thought you had been there before.Maybe/Perhaps/ she is ill.He is probably ill.He is likely ill.It is possible that he is late

4)正反判斷

That sounds all right, but in fact it is not.5)互斥判斷

He or you are wrong.Either he is right or I am.6)注釋判斷

He is a walking dictionary, that is(to say), he can remember many English words.7)比較判斷

It is more a picture than a poem.Incomplete knowledge of style is worse than useless.3.祝愿祈使句式

1)一般句式

Study hard and keep fit.Be brave!Don't be shy!

Get out of here.2)強(qiáng)語式

Do tell me.Never tell a lie.3)委婉祈使句

Please tell me the true.Would/Will/Won't do me a favor?

Would/Do you mind my smoking?

What/How/ about going there on foot?

4)建議祈使句

Let us go.Let us know the time.Don't let the fire out.Let's not waste the time.You'd better start early.Shall we listen to some music?

Why don't you get something to drink?

I suggest we(should)take the train.Suppose/supposing you pick me up at about six?

5)祝愿句

Success to you!

Wish you a good journey.Here's to your success!

May you have a happy marriage.Allow me to propose a toast to our friendship!

4.感嘆句型

How well he speaks!

How kind she is!

What nice weather it is!

What a beautiful day!

Here he comes!

Such is life!

Wonderful!

Help!（救命啊！）

5.疑問句型

1)一般疑問句

Is he a doctor?

Do you the way to the station?

2)反意疑問句

He is a teacher, isn't he?

It is quite cheap, don't you think?

3)特殊疑問句

What is the distance / width/ size / population / temperature / fare?Who is he?

What is he?(他是干什么工作的？）

What is he like?

How/Where is he?

How do you like him?

What do you think of him?

What ever do you mean by saying this?

4)選擇疑問句

Is he a doctor or a nurse?

Do you love it or not?

5)間接疑問句

Do you know how old he is?

Tell me if(whether)you like it.What do you think/say/suppose I should do?

6.數(shù)詞句型

1)表數(shù)目

It is exactly ten o'clock.It is five miles away from here.He is more than/over/ at least not less than 20.He is under/at most/no more than 20.2)表年月日

He was born on April 22, 1994/in 1994/on the morning of October 1.3)表年齡

He is 20 years old.= He is 20 years of age.He is at the age of 10.4)表倍數(shù)

It is four times that of last years.This is four times as big(again)as that one.This is four times bigger than that one.The income is double what it was.The output of coal was 200% greater than in 1998.5)表計(jì)量

It is 10 meters long/wide/high.It costs me 100 yuan./ It is worth 100 yuan.I spent 10 hours to finish it.It took me 10 days to finish it.7.關(guān)聯(lián)指代句型

1)兩項(xiàng)關(guān)聯(lián)

I have two books, one is Chinese;the other English.I have five books, one is Chinese;the others English.To say is one thing, but/and/ to do is another.One the one hand, I am your teacher, and on the other hand, I am also you friend.Some like to play football, others are fond of basketball.2)先后順序

First/firstly, I wish good health, second/secondly success in your

study, third/thirdly good luck in everything.First stop, then look, finally cross.At first/in the beginning/ he word hard.Later/Afterwards he is not so diligent.3)修飾限制

This is the same book as I lost yesterday.（不是同一本書，但書名、內(nèi)容等相同）

This is the same book that I lost yesterday.(同一本書）

Don't trust such a man as over praise you.He/One/Those/They who should come failed to appear.A man/A person/The one/Anyone/People who saw her liked her very much.The day/time/moment will come when China is strongest in the world.4)兩項(xiàng)連接

He can speak not only English but also French.The book is both interesting and instructive.It is neither cold nor hot.Please either come in or go out.The old worker has experience and knowledge as well.5)加和關(guān)系

Besides literature, we have grammar and writing.Apart from oxygen, there are some other gases in the air.In addition to 'if', there are many other conjunctions that can introduce conditional clauses.I must go now, incidentally, if you want that book.You seem to like tea, so do I.8.比較句型

1)等比句

He is as tall as I.He is the same height as I.She is no less diligent than he.The lab is no better than a cottage.2)差比句

I speak English worse than he does./ He is not so/as tall as I am.Our knowledge is much inferior to their.3)極比句

He is the tallest of all in the class.None/No one/ is so blind as those that won't see.Nothing is so easy as this.4)比例句

The more a man knows, the more he feels his ignorance.5)擇比句

He is taller than any other boy in the class.It is better late than never.They would die than live as slaves.He prefers doing to talking.He prefers to do rather than to talk.He prefers mathematics to English.I'd rather stay here.6)對(duì)比句

You think me idle, but on the contrary, I am busy.They are working hard while you are wasting your time.9.比喻類句型

We must work like him.He behaves as his father does.He speaks English as if/ as though he was a foreigner.10.條件假設(shè)句

1)一般事實(shí)

If we succeed, what will the people say?

Suppose it rains, what shall we do?

Persevere and you'll succeed.2)虛擬條件句

If I were you, I would go.If you had seen it, you would have been moved.3)反條件句

Unless you try, you'll never succeed.Don't move, or/else/otherwise I'll shot.4)唯一條件句

If only I have another chance, I shall do better.Only in this way can we learn English well.So/As long as we don't lose heart, we'll succeed.5)推論條件句

Since that is so, there is no more to say.Now that you are grown up, you must stop this behavior.

第二篇：英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)

英語句型大全手冊(cè)－詳盡版 1.疑問句型 what is this? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：what＋be 動(dòng)詞＋this（that?）？

答句：this（that?）＋be 動(dòng)詞＋a book（pen?）。

說明︰此句型意為“這（那）是什么？這（那）是書（鋼筆?）”。what（什么）叫做“疑問詞”，用于詢問“事物”，通常放在句首，后接 be <動(dòng)詞>，再接<主詞>，第一個(gè)字母 w要大寫，句尾要加問號(hào)(?)，位置不可排錯(cuò)。

what is this? this is a chair.這是什么？這是一張椅子。what’s this? it’s a book.這是什么？它是一本書。

what is that? that is a desk.那是什么？那是一張書桌。what are these? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：what are＋these／those?？

答句：these／those are＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞（＋s／es）。

說明︰<主詞>與<動(dòng)詞>的形式要一致，is 后面接單數(shù)<名詞>，are 后面要接復(fù)數(shù)<名詞>。what are these? these are books.這些是什么？這些是書。what are those? those are cups.那些是什么？那些是茶杯。what are they? they are glasses.它們是什么？它們是玻璃杯。what are you? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：what＋be 動(dòng)詞＋主詞（人）?？

答句：主詞＋be 動(dòng)詞＋a student?。

說明︰此句型意為“你是做什么事情的？我是學(xué)生?”。疑問詞 what 除了詢問事物之外，還可用于詢問“人的職業(yè)或身分”。be <動(dòng)詞>隨<人稱代名詞>的變化而改變形態(tài)，如：i am，we are，you are，he is?。what are you? i am a student.你是做什么事情的？我是一名學(xué)生。

what is she? she is a teacher.她是做什么事情的？她是一名教師。are you a...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：be 動(dòng)詞（am，are，is）＋主詞＋?？

肯定簡答：yes，主詞＋am（are，is）。

否定簡答：no，主詞＋am（are，is）not。

說明︰在否定<簡答句>中，<主詞>和 am，is，are 可以縮寫；在肯定<簡答句>中則不可。is he a student? yes, he is.(no, he isn’t.)他是學(xué)生嗎？是的，他是。（不，他不是。）are you a teacher? yes, i am.(no, i’m not.)你是教師嗎？是的，我是。（不，我不是。）is that a clock? yes, it is.(no, it isn’t.)那是鐘表嗎？是的，它是。（不，它不是。）what is your name? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：what＋is＋所有格＋name? 答句：所有格＋name＋is＋名字。

說明︰“my，your，his，her”為單數(shù)人稱的<所有格>；<所有格>后面必接<名詞>，即“<所有格>＋<名詞>”；<所有格>不可與 a，an，this，that，these 或 those 緊接一起使用。

what is your name? my name is sue.妳叫什么名字？我的名字叫蘇。what is his name? his name is john.他叫什么名字？他的名字叫約翰。what is her name? her name is jean.她叫什么名字？她的名字叫珍。who is that...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：who＋be 動(dòng)詞＋that＋形容詞＋名詞？

答句：that is＋名字。

說明︰who 是<疑問代名詞>，詢問人的“姓名”或“關(guān)系”；將<形容詞>直接放在<名詞>前面，叫做“前位修飾”。who is that short boy? that is bill.那位矮男孩是誰？那位是比爾。

who is that tall girl? that is mary.那位高女孩是誰？那位是瑪麗。who is that fat man? he is my uncle.那位胖男子是誰？那位是我叔叔。where is...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：where＋be 動(dòng)詞（am，are，is）＋主詞?？

答句：主詞＋be 動(dòng)詞＋in the＋名詞?。

說明︰問句是“where...?”，簡答時(shí)可用<副詞詞組>“in／on the＋<名詞>”。where is sue? she is in her room.蘇在那里？她在她的房間里。where are your books? on the desk.你的書在那里？在書桌上。

where is your mother? she is in the kitchen.你媽嗎在哪里？她在廚房里。are you v-ing...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰am（are，is）＋主詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞?？

說明︰此句型意為“<主詞>（人，物）正在?嗎？”。這一<句型>轉(zhuǎn)換的三要素是：be <動(dòng)詞>移到句首；改為大寫；句尾用問號(hào)。is mary sleeping?瑪麗正在睡覺嗎？ are you reading a book?你正在看書嗎？ is the dog playing?小狗正在玩耍嗎？ what are you doing? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：what＋am（are，is）＋主詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞？

答句：主詞＋am（are，is）＋現(xiàn)在分詞?。

說明︰“<主詞>（人）正在做什么？<主詞>（人）正在?”。注意：<祈使句>的動(dòng)詞只能用原形，不可造<現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式>；表示“瞬間產(chǎn)生”的動(dòng)作的<動(dòng)詞詞組>，如 sit down，stand up，不可造<現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式>。what am i doing? you are reading a book.我正在做什么？ 你正在閱讀一本書。

what are the girls doing? they are singing.姑娘們正在做什么？ 她們?cè)诔琛hat is bill writing? he is writing a letter.比爾在寫什么？ 他在寫一封信。how old are you? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：how old＋be 動(dòng)詞＋主詞（某人）？

答句：主詞（某人）＋be 動(dòng)詞＋year(s)old。

說明︰此句型意為“某人幾歲？某人是?歲”。該句型中，<疑問詞>要用 how，不可用 what；且 be <動(dòng)詞>（am，is，are）要和后面的<主詞>(某人)配合；答句中的“year(s)old”可以省略。

how old are you? i am twelve(years old).你幾歲？我十二歲。

how old is your sister? she is thirteen years old.你的姊妹幾歲？她十三歲。how old is john? he is one year old.約翰幾歲？他一歲。what time is it? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：what time is it？

答句：it is＋數(shù)字＋o’clock。

說明︰此句型意為“現(xiàn)在是幾點(diǎn)鐘？現(xiàn)在是?點(diǎn)鐘”。問句中 what 當(dāng)<形容詞>，修飾后面的<名詞> time；time 當(dāng)時(shí)間解時(shí)，只能用單數(shù)，不可用復(fù)數(shù)。what time is it? it is ten o’clock.現(xiàn)在是幾點(diǎn)鐘？現(xiàn)在是十點(diǎn)鐘。what time is it? it is six o’clock.現(xiàn)在是幾點(diǎn)鐘？現(xiàn)在是六點(diǎn)鐘。what time is it? it is nine o’clock.現(xiàn)在是幾點(diǎn)鐘？現(xiàn)在是九點(diǎn)鐘。do you + v...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：do／does＋主詞＋原形動(dòng)詞?？

肯定簡答：yes，主詞＋do／does。

否定簡答：no，主詞＋don’t／doesn’t。

說明︰肯定句中，如有一般<動(dòng)詞>（speak，work，teach?），則在句首加<助動(dòng)詞> do 或 does，并將一般<動(dòng)詞>改為原形<動(dòng)詞>（不加s或es），即構(gòu)成<疑問句>。

do you speak english? yes, i do.(no, i don’t.)你講英語嗎？是的，我講英語。（不，我不講英語。）

does she have a cat? yes, she does.(no, she doesn’t.)她有一只貓嗎？是的，她有一只貓。（不，她沒有一只貓。）do they work in office? yes, they do.(no, they don’t.)他們?cè)谵k公室里工作嗎？是的，他們?cè)谵k公室里工作。（不，他們不在辦公室里工作。）what time do you + v...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：what time＋do／does＋主詞＋原形動(dòng)詞?？

答句：主詞（某人）＋一般動(dòng)詞?＋時(shí)間。

說明︰此句型意為“某人幾點(diǎn)做某事？”<助動(dòng)詞> do 或 does 的選擇依<主詞>而定，若<主詞>為第三人稱單數(shù)，用 does；其它用 do。

what time do you get up? i usually get up at six.你幾點(diǎn)起床？我通常六點(diǎn)起床。what time does he go to bed? he usually goes to bed at ten.他幾點(diǎn)就寢？他通常十點(diǎn)就寢。what time does your class begin? it begins at eight-ten.你的課幾點(diǎn)開始？八點(diǎn)十分開始。what day is today? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：what day is today？

答句：it’s＋sunday／monday／?。

說明︰此句型意為“今天是星期幾？今天是星期日／星期一／?。”it 可用于指“星期的名稱”，但 this或 that 不可以；一星期七天的名稱，都是<專有名詞>，開頭的首字母要大寫，前面不加<冠詞>。

what day is today? it’s sunday.今天是星期幾？今天是星期日。what day is today? it’s wednesday.今天是星期幾？今天是星期三。what day is today? it’s saturday.今天是星期幾？今天是星期六。how many n are there...結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：how many＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋are there in／on＋名詞？

答句：there is／are＋單數(shù)（復(fù)數(shù)）名詞＋in／on＋名詞。

說明︰此句型意為“在某處有多少?？在某處有?。”該句型中，many 修飾復(fù)數(shù)<名詞>；又因本句型是 <疑問句>，故用 are there，不可用 there are。how many seasons are there in a year? there are four seasons in a year.一年有幾個(gè)季節(jié)？ 一年有四季。

how many days are there in a week? there are seven days in a week.一星期有幾天？ 一星期有七天。

how many lessons are there in this book? there are twelve lessons in this book.這本書里有幾課？ 這本書里有十二課。how many...do you have? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：how many＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋do／does＋主詞＋have？

答句：主詞＋have／has?＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋?。

答句：主詞＋don’t／doesn’t have?＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞?。

說明︰“how many”后面接復(fù)數(shù)<可數(shù)名詞>，復(fù)數(shù)<名詞>的前面可用 many，a lot of，a few，some，few，any，no 等修飾。

how many books do you have? i have a lot of books.(i don’t have any books.)你有幾本書？ 我有許多書。（我沒有書。）how many sweaters do you have? i have three sweaters.(i don’t have any sweaters.)你有幾件毛衣？ 我有三件毛衣。（我沒有毛衣。）

how many friends does she have? she has a lot of friends.(she doesn’t have many friends.)她有幾個(gè)朋友？ 她有許多朋友。（她沒有許多朋友。）how much...do you have? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：how much＋單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞＋do／does＋主詞＋have？

答句：主詞＋have／has?＋單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞。

答句：主詞＋don’t／doesn’t have?＋單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞。

說明︰“how much”后面接單數(shù)<不可數(shù)名詞>，單數(shù)<不可數(shù)名詞>前面可用 much，a little，some，little，any，no 等修飾。

how much tea does he have? he has a lot of tea.(he doesn’t have any tea.)他有多少茶？ 他有很多茶。（他沒有茶。）

how much homework do they have? they have a lot of homework.(they don’t have much homework.)他們有多少家庭作業(yè)？ 他們有許多家庭作業(yè)。（他們沒有許多家庭作業(yè)。）how much fruit do they have? they have a lot of fruit.(they don’t have a lot of fruit.)他們有多少水果？ 他們有許多水果。（他們沒有許多水果。）how much do(es)...cost? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰how much do（es）＋某物＋cost?？

說明︰此句型意為“某物值多少錢？”。how much 用來詢問商品的價(jià)格。還可以寫作：“how much＋ be <動(dòng)詞>＋某物？。

how much do the movie tickets cost? 這些電影票值多少錢？ did...v...結(jié)構(gòu)︰did＋主詞＋原形動(dòng)詞＋?過去時(shí)間？

說明︰將肯定句中的過去式改為“did＋原形<動(dòng)詞>”，并將 did 放在句首，句尾用問號(hào)，即構(gòu)成過去式的<疑問句>。

did he clean the room yesterday? 他昨天打掃房間嗎？ did she wash the skirt yesterday? 她昨天洗這裙子嗎？

did your brother play in the park this morning? 你弟弟今天上午在公園玩耍嗎？ did he eat lunch yesterday? 他昨天吃午飯嗎？

did you see any elephants in the zoo last week? 上星期你在動(dòng)物園里看到大象了嗎？ did sue have her breakfast at eight? 蘇在八點(diǎn)鐘吃過早餐了嗎？ do you ever + v...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：do／does＋主詞＋ever＋原形動(dòng)詞?？

答句：no，主詞＋never＋一般動(dòng)詞（加s或es）?。

說明︰ever 通常用于<疑問句>，never 通常用于否定回答；never 也可放在句首，后接原形 <動(dòng)詞>，形成否定<祈使句>，如例句4。

你曾經(jīng)使用計(jì)算機(jī)嗎？不，我未曾使用過計(jì)算機(jī)。

does tom ever get up late? no, tom never gets up late.湯姆曾經(jīng)晚起床嗎？不，湯姆未曾晚起床過。

does sally ever play the piano? no, sally never plays the piano.薩莉曾經(jīng)彈鋼琴嗎？不，薩莉未曾彈過鋼琴。

never be late for school, bill.比爾，上學(xué)絕不可遲到。what year was he born in? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰what date／year＋was／were＋主詞＋born＋on／in？

說明︰此句型意為“你出生于幾月幾日（那一年）？”。born 是<原形動(dòng)詞> bear 的過去<分詞>，在文法上當(dāng)

<形容詞>，前面常有 was 或 were；中文說“某人出生”，英語應(yīng)說：“某人＋was／were born?”。what year were you born in? 你出生于那一年？ what date was your mother born on? 你母親出生于幾月幾日？ what month was your sister born in? 你妹妹出生于幾月？ what will you do on...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰what will／did＋主詞＋do＋on＋時(shí)間？

說明︰此句型意為“某人在某時(shí)間將做什么？（未來式）某人在某時(shí)做了什么事？（過去式）”。指特定的日期（如幾月幾日）、星期幾或星期幾的早上（下午，晚上），要用介系詞on。

what will you do on teacher’s day? 你在教師節(jié)將做什么事？ what will they do on christmas eve? 他們?cè)谑フQ夜將做什么事？ what will helen do on her birthday? 海倫在她生日那天將做什么事？ what did john do on new year’s day? 約翰在元旦做了什么事？ what did mary do on youth day? 瑪麗在青年節(jié)做了什么事？

what did the suspect do on july ninth? 嫌疑犯在七月九日做了什么事情？ how do you + v...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句：how＋do＋主詞＋一般動(dòng)詞?？ 答句：主詞＋一般動(dòng)詞?＋情狀副詞。

說明︰how 是問情況的<疑問副詞>，表示“怎樣?？”。用于說明“狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)”的副詞，稱為 <情狀副詞>。當(dāng)用來修飾<不及物動(dòng)詞>時(shí)，<情狀副詞>位于其后；當(dāng)用來修飾<及物動(dòng)詞>時(shí)，<情狀動(dòng)詞>位于<及物動(dòng)詞>的前面或后面。

how did you do your work? i did my work happily.你怎樣做你的工作？ 我很快樂地做了我的工作。

how did mrs.lin look at mr.lin? she looked at mr.lin coldly.林太太怎樣注視林先生？ 她冷漠地注視林先生。

how does mr.wang drive his taxi? he drives his taxi carefully.王先生怎樣駕駛他的出租車？ 他小心地駕駛他的出租車。you are..., aren’t you? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰肯定句，＋否定式助動(dòng)詞＋主詞？

說明︰這是一種反意<疑問句>，其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)是：第一部分是肯定式，第二部分就用否定式。直述句的<主詞>是<名詞>時(shí)，附加問句的<主詞>要用<代名詞>代替：it 代替 this，that，<不定詞>(當(dāng)<主詞>)或<動(dòng)名詞>(當(dāng)<主詞>)等；they 代替 these，those，people 等。下列<助動(dòng)詞>的否定縮寫式較易弄錯(cuò)：will not－>won’t；would not－> wouldn’t；should not－>shouldn’t；can not－>can’t；could not－>couldn’t； might not－>mightn’t；ought not－>oughtn’t。直述句有一般<動(dòng)詞>現(xiàn)在式，則附加問句用 do 或 does 代替；有一般<動(dòng)詞>過去式，則附加問句用 did 代替。they’re ready, aren’t they?（讀降調(diào)）他們準(zhǔn)備好了吧？（讀升調(diào)）他們準(zhǔn)備好了，不是嗎？ mike has a car, doesn’t he?（讀降調(diào)）麥克有輛車，是吧？（讀升調(diào)）麥克有輛車，不是嗎？ the secretary typed the letter, didn’t she?是秘書打了這封信，不是嗎？

they will go to europe, won’t they?他們將去歐洲，不是嗎？ you are the teacher, aren’t you?你就是老師，不是嗎？

i suppose you have been in our woods, haven’t you?我推想你在我們的森林里呆過，不是嗎？ i know he had a good time last night, didn’t he? 我知道他昨天晚上玩得很愉快，不是嗎？ the wall plug is broken, isn’t it?墻上的插座壞了，不是嗎？ clean parks are beautiful, aren’t they? 干凈的公園是美麗的，不是嗎？ you can do it, can’t you? 你會(huì)做它，不是嗎？

we should rise early, shouldn’t we?我們應(yīng)該早起，不是嗎？ he isn’t..., is he? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰否定句，＋肯定式助動(dòng)詞＋主詞？

說明︰這是另一種反意<疑問句>。否定結(jié)構(gòu)在第一部分，第二部分就要用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)反意<疑問句>的回答篇二：英語常用基本句式和句型結(jié)構(gòu)

英語常用基本句式和句型結(jié)構(gòu)

【要點(diǎn)歸納】

▲英語句式絕大多數(shù)以s+v(主語+謂語)結(jié)構(gòu)為核心架構(gòu)。英語是sv型語言。即以s+v(主語+謂語)結(jié)構(gòu)為主干，以謂語動(dòng)詞為核心。

▲一般來說，一個(gè)英語句子若沒有謂語動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞），這個(gè)句子一定是錯(cuò)誤的。

▲英語句子的謂語只能由動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)，動(dòng)詞在英語句子中如果不充當(dāng)謂語就必須用非謂語形式（動(dòng)名詞、不定式或分詞）。但漢語句子的謂語既可以是動(dòng)詞，也可以是形容詞、名詞等。

如：the prices are stable and the market is flourishing.to study english is not easy.study english not easy.(×)▲漢語句法的顯著特點(diǎn)是“動(dòng)詞連用”，動(dòng)詞不需要形態(tài)變化，便可以按時(shí)間和動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后順序和情節(jié)發(fā)展連續(xù)使用幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞。一個(gè)英語句子，除并列謂語的情形外，只能出現(xiàn)一個(gè)謂語，否則須用其他手段處理：

★ 變?yōu)榉侵^語形式

★ 連詞連接 ﹛并列連詞（并列謂語；并列句）

★ 從屬連詞→引出從句

★ 用名詞或介詞來表示

▲漢語“動(dòng)詞連用”有兩類，一類是由一個(gè)主語發(fā)出的連續(xù)幾個(gè)動(dòng)作，叫連動(dòng)式；一類是由謂語的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，前一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的賓語是后一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的主語，即兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不是由一個(gè)主語發(fā)出的，稱作兼語式。請(qǐng)看：

一）連動(dòng)式 英語中沒有漢語這種連動(dòng)式，表達(dá)先后關(guān)系的幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞，可用and連接或用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

我打開門走進(jìn)來。

i opened the door and came in.(opening the door, i came in.)二）兼語式

如：“他請(qǐng)我到他家來做客。”“我”是“請(qǐng)”的賓語，又是“到他家來做客”的主語。也就是說“我” 身兼兩職。英語句式表達(dá)漢語兼語式有以下幾種方式：

1)將兼語式的第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為英語的賓語補(bǔ)足語，常用不定式，有時(shí)用不帶to的不定式，或分詞，副詞，形容詞，名詞，介詞結(jié)構(gòu)等。對(duì)于第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，漢語中常用的動(dòng)詞有“使”、“叫”、“請(qǐng)求”、“讓”、“迫使”、“導(dǎo)致”、“要求”、“命令”、“促進(jìn)”、“鼓勵(lì)”等，在英語中均有對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞（make, ask, beg, have, force, cause, demand, order, help, encourage等）。如：

he invited me to dinner in his house.▲在sv總句式基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞的類型不同，可總結(jié)出下五大句型：[s1] ⑴ 主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語she seems kind.a.the soup is delicious.(形容詞作表語)b.helen became an electrical engineer.(名詞作表語)c.he is in good health.(介詞短語作表語)d.the story is interesting.(現(xiàn)在分詞作表語)⑵ 主語+不及物動(dòng)詞 he changed a lot.a.the moon shines brightly.(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))b.the car won’t go.(一般將來時(shí))c.the child behaved badly at the party.(主語+不及物動(dòng)詞+程度狀語+地點(diǎn)狀語)d.production declined 6% last month.(一般過去式)e.they will fly to london.(主語+不及物動(dòng)詞+地點(diǎn)狀語)⑶ 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語 we love our country.a.we visited our friends.(名詞作賓語)b.i am considering going abroad.(動(dòng)名詞作賓語)c.he can not afford to take a taxi.(動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語)d.he caught her by the arm.(動(dòng)詞+賓語+介詞短語作方式狀語)⑷ 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語（人）+直接賓語（物）

或 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+直接賓語（物）+to +間接賓語（人）+for+間接賓語（人）

he gave me a present.(he gave a present to me.)a.he often tells the children interesting stories.b.he assigned jack the toughest job.c.i paid the repairman 50 dollars.d.he sent some flowers to his girlfriend.e.my mother made a new dress for my sister.f.ill tell you what ive been thinking.(賓語從句)g.i assure you that this medicine will help you.(賓語從句)h.youve got to promise me that you wont do that again.(主及賓結(jié)構(gòu)+不定連接+主及賓賓)⑸ [/url]主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語 i found the book interesting.[s2] a.his writing has made him a well-known public figure.(名詞作賓補(bǔ))b.they found the book easy.(形容詞作賓補(bǔ))c.i can see two ships in the harbor.(介詞短語作賓補(bǔ))d.he kept me waiting too long.(現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ))e.i have my hair cut every month.(過去分詞作賓補(bǔ))f.they wanted him to study abroad.(動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ))g.will you tell me how to do it? h.we advised her which course to take.[s1] 五種基本句型歌 英語句子萬萬千，五大句型把線牽。句型種類為動(dòng)詞，后接什么是關(guān)鍵； 系詞后面接表語； vi獨(dú)身無牽連； vt又可分三類，單賓雙賓最常見，還有賓語補(bǔ)足語； [s2] 1.jim finds his job a challenge.［賓補(bǔ)為n.］ 2.i found the movie interesting.［賓補(bǔ)為adj.］ 3.why did you leave the light on?［賓補(bǔ)為adv.］ 4.we found her in tears.［賓補(bǔ)為介詞短語］

5.they encouraged her to try again.［賓補(bǔ)為不定式］ 6.my mother told me not to worry.［賓補(bǔ)為不定式］

7.we heard someone knocking on the door.［賓補(bǔ)為v-ing］ 8.do you smell something burning?［賓補(bǔ)為v-ing］

10.you should make yourself understood.［賓補(bǔ)為v-ed］篇三：英語句型大全 1.s(主）+ vi（不及物動(dòng)詞）（謂）time flies.1)s + v + adverbial(狀語）birds sing beautifully.2)s + vi+ prep phrase（介詞短語）he went on holiday.3)s + vi+ infinitive(不定式）we stopped to have a rest.4)s + vi+ participle(分詞）ill go swimming.2.s(主）+ vt（及物動(dòng)詞）（謂）+ o（賓）we like english.1)s + vt + n/pron i like music.i like her.i want to help him.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。3)s + vt + wh-word + infinitive i dont know what to do.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。

4)s + vt + gerund i enjoy living here.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, cant help等。5)s + vt + that-clause i dont think(that)he is right.3.s(主）+ v（謂）（lv)(系動(dòng)詞）+ p（表）we are chinese.1)s + lv + n/pron(名詞/代詞）he is a boy.this is mine.2)s + lv + adj（形容詞）she is beautiful.3)s + lv + adv(副詞）class is over.4)s + lv + prep phrase he is in good health.5)s + lv + participle(分詞）he is excited.the film is interesting.4.s(主）+ vt（謂）+ in o（間接 賓）i give you help.1)s + vt + n/pron + n（直接 賓）+ d o i sent him a book.i bought may a book.2)s + vt + n/pron + to/for-phrase he sent a book to me.he bought a coat for me.間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動(dòng)詞有：allow, bring, deny, do(帶來），give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

間接賓語前需要加for 的常用動(dòng)詞有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏），save, sing, spare等。5.s(主）+ vt（謂）+ o（賓）+ o c（賓補(bǔ)）i make you clear.1)s + vt + n/pron + n we named our baby tom.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名）。

2)s + vt + n/pron + adj he painted the wall white.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。3)s + vt + n/pron + prep phrase she always keeps everything in good order.4)s + vt + n/pron + infinitive i wish you to stay.i made him work 5)s + vt + n/pron + participle(分詞）i heard my name called.i feel something moving.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。

第三篇：There be句型結(jié)構(gòu)

There be句型結(jié)構(gòu)、用法詳解、練習(xí)題。

1.there be結(jié)構(gòu)的主謂一致

在英語里表示什么地方或時(shí)間存在什么事情就用此結(jié)構(gòu)，句子的結(jié)尾往往帶有地點(diǎn)狀語或時(shí)間狀語。其中there是引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒有詞意，be是謂語動(dòng) 詞，be后面的名詞是主語。be的數(shù)與后面的名詞一致，若be后是兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列的名詞，be則與靠得最近的那個(gè)名詞的數(shù)一致。如：

There was a meeting yesterday.昨天有個(gè)會(huì)議。

There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.桌上有一支鋼筆、兩本書和好些鉛筆。

比較：There are two books, a pen and many pencils on the desk.2.there be與have的比較

(1)用法不同：there be 表示某個(gè)時(shí)間或地方“存在”某人或某物，而have表示主語“擁有”某人或某物，作賓語的某人或某物屬主語所有。

(2)結(jié)構(gòu)不同：there be + sb./sth.+時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)(副詞或介詞短語)；sb./sth.+ have +sb./sth.else

There are some children in the garden.花園里有幾個(gè)孩子。

She has three cars.她擁有三輛汽車。(汽車是屬于她的)

注：若是部分與整體關(guān)系時(shí)，有時(shí)用兩種表達(dá)方式都可以。如：

A week has seven days.=There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。

3.there be的否定和疑問

(1)否定式：be后面加not(any)或no。如：

There are not any boats on the river.河上沒有船。

(2)疑問句：是把be移到there的前面來。如：

Are there any boat on the river? 河上有船嗎？

Yes, there are..(No, there are not.)有。（沒有。）

注：若有別的助動(dòng)詞時(shí)就不一樣了，請(qǐng)看：

There won’t be a football match tomorrow, will there? 明天沒有足球賽，對(duì)嗎？

There usedn’t to be a tall tree here, used/didn’t ther? 以前這里有棵高樹，是不是？

There seems to be something wrong with you, doesn’t there? 你好像有些不舒服，對(duì)嗎？

There happened to be a well there, didn’t there? 那里碰巧有口井，是不是？ 4.there be結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)態(tài)

there be結(jié)構(gòu)有不同的時(shí)態(tài)，而且可以和各種助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。如：

There was a sport meeting in the playground yesterday.昨天運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)舉行了一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

There will be(=There is going to be)a new film show on Monday.星期一將有一場(chǎng)新電影放。

There is to be a concert at the school hall.學(xué)校禮堂有場(chǎng)音樂會(huì)。

There have been a lot of accidents round here.這里已經(jīng)發(fā)生多起事故了。

He told me that there had been an argument between them.他告訴我們之間發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論。

There will have been a definite result by Friday.到星期五前就已經(jīng)有明確的結(jié)果了。

There must be a mistake somewhere.一定在什么地方有錯(cuò)誤。

There must have been a rain last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下了雨，因?yàn)榈厥菨竦摹?/p>

5.there be結(jié)構(gòu)的變體

該結(jié)構(gòu)中，有時(shí)be還可以被live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等動(dòng)詞代替。如：

Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.從前，在海邊的一個(gè)村子里住著一個(gè)老人。

There remained just twenty-eight pounds.只剩二十八英鎊了。

There seems little doubt that he is insane.似乎沒有多少疑問他的神經(jīng)不正常。

6.there be的非限定形式

there be的非限定形式是there to be和there being，主要用來做介詞或動(dòng)詞的賓語、主語或狀語。如：

Have you ever thought of there being so many interesting films for you to choose from?沒想到過有這么多有趣的電影供你選擇吧？

John was relying on there being another opportunity.約翰相信另有機(jī)會(huì)。

There being a bus stop so near my house is a great advantage.有公交車停在離我房子這么近的地方是很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。

There having been no rain, the ground was dry.由于沒有下雨，地上很干燥。

It’s unusual for there to be so few people in the street.(=It’s unusual that there are so few people in the street)這條街上這么少的人是不尋常的。

It was too late for there to be any subways.太晚了，不會(huì)有地鐵了。

Would you like there to be a meeting to discuss the problem? 你們要開個(gè)會(huì)討論一下這個(gè)問題嗎?

I don’t want there to be a simple mistake in the article that I have written.我不想我寫的這篇文章中有錯(cuò)誤。

I except there to be no argument about this.我期限望對(duì)此事沒有爭(zhēng)論的。

注：there to be常做like, expect, mean, want, intend, prefer, hate等的復(fù)合賓語。

7.there be的固定句型

There be +名詞或代詞+to do(+介詞)有某事要做

There be + some/no+ trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth/with sth.做某事(沒)有困難

There be + some/no + doubt about/as to sth / that… 對(duì)某事(沒)有疑問

There is no sense/use/good/point(in)doing sth 做某事沒有道理/用處/好處/意義

There is no need(for sb.)to do sth/that…(某人)做某事沒有必要

There is no chance/possibility to do sth/of doing sth./that… 沒有做某事的機(jī)會(huì)/可能性

There was no arguing with her.沒法和她爭(zhēng)辯。

There is a time when...有做某事的一段時(shí)間

練習(xí)： ______ a reading lamp on the table.A There is B There has C It is D It has 2 What a rainy summer we’ve had!

Yes, there______ only 3 sunny weekends the whole summer.A have been B are C had been D has been 3 I didn't want _____ to be a war between these two countries.A it B them C there D their 6 There is a little hope of ______ a settlement of the argument.A to be B there to be C there being D being 7 I don't expect there ______ any misunderstanding.A is B to be C being D will be 8 There are five pairs______ , but I’m at a loss which to buy.A to choose B to choose from C to be chosen D for my choosing 9 There is no use______ a lot without ______ anything.A to talk, do B talked, doing C talking, being done D talking, doing 10 If the storm had happened in the day-time, there ______ many more deaths.A were B would have been C had been D would be 11 Look!______.A There comes the bus B There the bus comes C The bus comes here D There does the bus come 12 ______ Mary with a baby in here arms just when I was about to leave.A There enter B There entered C Entered there D There entered into 13 There are a lot of people ______ for the bus to come.A waiting B to wait C waited D is waiting 14 The little girl is afraid to enter the house, because ______ a big dog at the gate.A lies there B lays there C there lies D there lays 15 About twenty-three centuries ago, ______.A there lived in Greece a great thinker who called Aristotle B a great thinker lived in Greece calling Aristotle C lived there in Greece a great thinker called Aristotle D there lived in Greece a great thinker named Aristotle 16 ______ plenty of water in this river.A There used to being B There used to be C There is used to being D There was used to be 17 What a pity, my new computer doesn't work.______ must be something wrong with it.A It B There C This D That 18______ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.A It has B There has C It is D There is 19 Let’s get through the work quickly.______ seems to be little time left now.A It B That C There D we 20 ______appeared to be a war between his heart and his mind.A There B It C Where D What 答案： 1A 2A 3C 6C 7B 8B 9D 10B 11A 12B 13A 14C 15D 16B 17B 18D 19C 20A

第四篇：There be句型結(jié)構(gòu)

There be句型的用法

一、構(gòu)成：There be...句型表示的是 “某處有(存在)某人或某物”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為There be(is，are，was, were)+名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語。例如：

There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago.二、各種句式：

否定句：There be句型否定句式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上“not”。例如：

There is an orange in her bag.→There isn’t an orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.→There isn’t any juice in the bottle..一般疑問句：There be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問句變化只需把be動(dòng)詞移到句首，再在句尾加上問號(hào)即可。例如：

There is some money in her handbag.→ Is there any money in her handbag?(疑問句和否定句中，some改為any, something改為anything.)There is something new in today’s newspaper.→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper? 特殊疑問句：

There be句型的特殊疑問句有以下三種形式：

① 對(duì)主語提問：當(dāng)主語是人時(shí)，用 “Who’s + 介詞短語?”；當(dāng)主語是物時(shí)，用 “What’s + 介詞短語?”。其中there在口語中常常省略。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)其提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。如：

There is a bird in the tree.→What’s in the tree?

There are some bikes over there.→What’s over there?

There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?

② 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語提問：用 “Where is are + 主語?”表示（注意其答語變化）：例如：

There is a computer in my office.→ Where is the computer?----It’s in my office.There are four children in the classroom.→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom.③ 對(duì)數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種提問方式：

如果主語是可數(shù)名詞，無論是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，都用“How many +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語？”表示：

There are twelve months in a year.→How many months are there in a year? There is only one book in my bag.→ How many books are there in your bag? There is a cat in the box.→ How many cats are there in the box? 如果主語是不可數(shù)名詞，則用“ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？”表示：

There is some money in my purse.How much money is there in

your purse?

第五篇：IT 句型結(jié)構(gòu)

IT 句型結(jié)構(gòu)：

1.It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that..該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that 之后。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語，賓語，表語或狀語。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語如果是人，that 可以由 who 換用。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無缺的句子。

It was they that(who)cleaned the classroom yesterday.It was in the

street that I met her.It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour

hand was made.2.It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that...該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語，譯成漢語 “直到……才……”，可以說是 not...until...的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。

It was not until her mother came back that she went to bed.= Not until her mother came back did she go to bed.= She didn’t go to bed until

her mother came back.3.It is clear(obvious, true, possible, certain)that 該句型中it 是形式主語，真正的主語是 that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常譯為 “ 清楚（顯然，真的，可能的，肯定……）”是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。

It is very clear that he's round and tall like a tree.= That he's round and tall like a tree is very clear.It is certain that he will come.4.It is important(necessary, right, strange, natural...)that...該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省去。建議記住該句型

中的形容詞。

It is important that we(should)learn English well.It is necessary that he(should)remember these words.It is strange that he have so many friends here.5.It is+ 過去分詞 +that 從句 It is reported that there will be a concert this Saturday night.It is said that the novel has been translated into several foreign

languages.該句型常為: It is said/hoped/thought/supposed/ known / reported /announced /decided /believed /…that…等, 該句型常可以轉(zhuǎn)換成含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句或者含有不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語的簡單句。

eg: 據(jù)說湯姆已經(jīng)回國了。

It is said that Tom has come back from abroad.= People say that Tom has come back from abroad.=Tom is said to have come back from

abroad.6.It is suggested(ordered, required)that 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請(qǐng)求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，that 后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省。常譯為“ 據(jù)建

議；有命令”。

It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.It was ordered that he(should)arrive there in two hours.7.It is a pity(a shame...)that...該句型中，that 后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可省去．表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。

It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class.這種事竟然發(fā)

生在你班上，真是遺憾！

It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遺憾！

8.It + is/was + one's turn(duty, pleasure, a pity, great fun, a habit, time, a rule, a shame, no wonder)+ to do sth.It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天輪到你值日了。It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.乘宇宙飛船飛往

月球一定很有趣。It's a pleasure to work with you.和你一起工作真令人高興。It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early.早睡早起是好習(xí)

慣。

9.It is time(about time , high time)that...該句型中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是① 常用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬．② 有時(shí)也用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should 不能省。常譯為“是（正是）……的時(shí)

侯……”。

It is time that children should go to bed.= It is time that children went

to bed.10.It is the first(second)time that … 該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。主句的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過去時(shí)，后面從句則用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；it 有時(shí)用

this 替換，常譯為“是第一

（二）……次……”。

It is the first time I have been here.= This is the first time I have been

here.It was the first time that I had been there.11.It is … since...該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用的問題。主句中是時(shí)間作表語，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since 引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用過去完成時(shí)。

It is(has been)5 years since his father died.12.It is...when...該句型中的 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，表語由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。常譯為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，是…”。It was 5 o'clock when he came here.13.It happens(seems, looks, appears)that...該句型中it是形式主語，that 引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的happen, seem 等詞是不及物動(dòng)

詞．

It happened(so happened)that he met her in the street.碰巧……

It seems that he will be back in a few days.看來……

14.It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.“（某人）花……時(shí)間做某事” 該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時(shí)

間。

It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.It took me three hours to finish the work.我花了三個(gè)小時(shí)才做完這工

作。

15.It + cost/costs + sb.+ some money + to do sth.某人花多少錢做某

事”

It cost me 80 Yuan to buy the dictionary.我買這本詞典花了 80 元錢。16.It is no good(use)doing sth.該句型中的真正主語是動(dòng)名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是no good ,(not any good), no use ,(not any

use)It is no good learning English without speaking English.17.It doesn't matter whether(if)...該句型中whether(if)引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語，該句型常譯為“不論（是否）..沒關(guān)系

It doesn't matter if they are old.It doesn’t matter whether he will

come(or not.)18.It is kind(of sb.)to do sth.某人做某事如何

該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由 of 引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。常見的有: bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good(好心的), honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice(有教養(yǎng)的), polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong(錯(cuò)誤的)等。這個(gè)句型可以改寫為：sb.is kind to do sth.It is kind of you to say so.= You are kind to say so.19.It is necessary(for sb.)to do sth.某人做某事如何 該句型與上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。如果不定式的邏輯主語是由for 引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見的形容詞有：① important, necessary, natural ② easy, safe, common, normal, hard, difficult, dangerous, unusual, rare, impossible, pleasant 等。在①中的形容詞作表語可以用從句改寫： It is important for her to come to the party.=It is important that she

(should)come to the party 20.It looks(seems)as if...該句型中it 無意義。as if 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語從句。常譯為，“看起來好象…… ＂如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬

語氣．

It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）It looks as if he were ill.（沒有生

病）

It seemed as if he were dying.21.We think it important to learn a foreign language.該句型中的it 作形式賓語。該句型為：（6123結(jié)構(gòu)）

常用動(dòng)詞：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel ； 1 指的是形式賓語it ； 2 指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞 ；3 指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動(dòng)名詞短語或that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.He felt it important learning English well.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.it句型鞏固練習(xí)：