第一篇：定語從句中只能使用that的情況（最終版）

定語從句中只能使用that的情況

1.當(dāng)先行詞為anything，everything，nothing等不定代詞時，只能使用“that”。

例：Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能給你做點(diǎn)什么嗎?

2.當(dāng)先行詞為all，any，much，many詞時，只能使用“that”。

例：Tom told her mother all that had happened.湯姆把事情的全部情況告訴了他的媽媽。

3.當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時，只能使用“that”。

例：This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.這是我度過的最美好的時光。

4.當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞修飾時，只能使用“that”。

例：He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一個通過考試的人。

5.先行詞被the only，the very，the same，the last修飾時，只能使用“that”。

例：This will be the last chance that he can get.這將會是他得到的唯一機(jī)會。

He is the only person that can help you out.他是唯一能幫你的人。

6.先行詞里同時含有人或物時，只能使用“that”。例：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他們談?wù)撍麄冇浀玫挠嘘P(guān)學(xué)校的事和人。

7.當(dāng)主句是以who，which開頭的特殊疑問句或先行詞是who時，只能使用“that”。

例：Which is the book that he bought from the library yesterday? 哪本是你們昨天從圖書館借的書？

第二篇：定語從句中的特殊用法

定語從句中的特殊用法

定語從句是起定語作用的,修飾,說明名詞,代詞或句子內(nèi)容的從句,被定語從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在句中擔(dān)任成分的詞叫做關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。定語從句是高考常考內(nèi)容之一，使用時要尤其注意以下十種特殊用法。

一、只用that不用which的情況

1、當(dāng)先行詞是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代詞時。如： Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.當(dāng)時發(fā)生的一切就像是一場噩夢。

I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.我要把你在舞會上跟我說的話全都告訴他。、當(dāng)先行詞被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)）等詞修飾時。例如： 2The only thing that we could do was to wait.我們能做的只是等待。

That’s the very thing that we can do.那正是我們能做的事。

3、當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。例如：

The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.我們參觀的第一個地方是長城。

This is the best novel that I have ever read.這是我看過的最好的小說。

4、被修飾詞為數(shù)詞時。例如：

Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water.Now you can see the two that are still alive.昨天我捉到了兩條魚，把它們放在一盆水里。你可以看到那兩條魚還活著呢。

5、主句是There be結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾其主語的定語從句宜用that作關(guān)系代詞修飾物。例句：

There’s still a room that is free.還有一個空房間。

6、先行詞中同時包括人和物時。例如：

We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered.我們談?wù)摿宋覀冇浀玫娜撕痛遄印?/p>

He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.他問起他去過的這幾家工廠和工人的情況。

7、當(dāng)主句中有who, which時，而定語從句中也要用到who或which時，為了避免who…who, which…which等重疊，定語從句要用that引導(dǎo)。例如：

Who is the man that is standing by the door? 站在門邊的那個男人是誰？

Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk? 你養(yǎng)的那兩頭奶牛中哪一個產(chǎn)奶多？

人或物在定語從句中表語時，用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，而that通常也可以省略。例如：

He is no longer the man that he was.他不再是過去的他。

8、二、修飾物時只用which不用that的情況

1、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時。例如：

Bamboo is hollow, which makes it light.竹子是空心的，這使得他很輕。

2、當(dāng)關(guān)系詞前有介詞時。例如：

This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.這就是毛主席曾經(jīng)住過的地方。

3、在一個句子中有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關(guān)系代詞用了that, 另一個宜用which。例如：

Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.我來給你看我從新開的圖書館里借來的那本小說。

4、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞后面有插入語時。例如：

Here is the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.這就是我跟你說過的會有助于你學(xué)好英語的那本英語語法書。

5、先行詞為that時。例如：

The clock is that which can tell us the time.鐘是報時的裝置。

三、修飾人時只用who不用that的情況

1、先行詞為one, ones, anyone, those指代人時。如：

The person I want to learn from is one who studies

hard and works well.我最羨慕的是學(xué)習(xí)勤奮，工作出色的人。

2、在There be結(jié)構(gòu)中，修飾主語的定語從句宜用 who關(guān)系代詞指代人。例如： There’s a gentleman who wants to see you.有位先生想見你。

3、當(dāng)先行詞有較長的后置定語時。例如：

I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon who could speak Chinese very well.昨天下午我在公園里遇到一位中文講得非常好的外國人。

4、一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關(guān)系代詞是that, 另一個宜用who以避免重復(fù)。The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.受到校長表揚(yáng)的學(xué)生是位謙虛好學(xué)的班長。

注意：當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時，只能用whom。例如：

The person to whom this letter was addressed died three years ago.這封信的收信人三年前就去世了。

way在定語從句作先行詞的用法

當(dāng)先行詞為way時，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞可用in which, that或省略引導(dǎo)詞。例如：

I don’t like the way（that /in which）he looks at me.我不喜歡他那種樣子看著我。四、五、在定語從句中作狀語的關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的用法

1、先行詞表示時間時，定語從句中的謂語動詞如果是不及物動詞，用關(guān)系副詞when或介詞+ which;如果是及物動詞，用which或that都行。例如：

I still remember the days when（=on which）we lived together.我仍然記得我們在一起的時光。

2、先行詞表示地點(diǎn)時，如果定語從句中謂語動詞是不及物動詞，用關(guān)系副詞where或介詞+which;如果是及物動詞時，用which或that都可以。例如：

This is the small village where(=in which)Chairman Mao ever lived.這就是毛主席曾經(jīng)居住過的小村莊。

表示原因時，why前的先行詞是表示原因的名詞reason。例如：

Can you tell me the reason why(=for which)you di3、dn’t finish your homework? 你能告訴我你沒有完成作業(yè)的原因嗎？

六、whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句

Whose引導(dǎo)定語從句時，其先行詞可以指人，也可以指物，當(dāng)先行詞指物時，可以用the+名詞+of which的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

He studies in a school whose buildings(=the buildings of which)are built on top of a hill.他就讀的學(xué)校其房子都建在山頂上。

七、as作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1、引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句。在主句中常有the same, so或such與as相呼應(yīng), as在定語從句中可作主語、賓語、主語補(bǔ)足語等。as引出的定語從句帶有比較意義，從句常常只寫出比較部分，但as本身不可省略。例如：

He used such expressions as he could find in the texts.他使用在課文中可以找到的那些詞語。

They stayed for the night in the same room as they had once rented.他們在他們曾租用過的同一房間過夜。

注意：在the same…后也可用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但含義有所不同。that引出的從句，指的是與先行詞同一的事物，而as引導(dǎo)的從句指的是與先行詞同類的事物。例如：

This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.這個包和我昨天丟失的包的樣子是同樣的。

This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.這就是我昨天丟失的那個包。

2、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。帶主句的全部或部分內(nèi)容。常譯為“正如-------”“就像------”等，定語從句可以置于主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect, know, report, say, see等動詞的主、被動語態(tài)。例如：

As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.正如大家所知道的那樣，月球每月繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)一圈。

He wasn’t unconscious, as could be judged from his eyes.他并未失去知覺，這從他的眼神可以看出來。

注意：as, which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：

1）、都可以代整個主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that.2）、as可放在句首，而which不能。

3）、as代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；如果為行為動詞，則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.例如：

It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park.昨天下大雨，這使得我不能去公園。

八、of短語作為定語從句的先行詞的情況

one of the +復(fù)數(shù)名詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)后面的定語從句中的謂語動詞，通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，與定語從句所靠近的那個復(fù)數(shù)名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。但如果one of the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)前面帶有the/only/the only之類的限定語，從句的謂語動詞則要用單數(shù)形式，此時從句在意義上修飾的 是the one.例如：

Tom is one of the boys who were late that morning.湯姆是那天早晨遲到的男生之一。

Tom is the(only/the only)one of the boys who was late that morning.湯姆是那天早上唯一遲到的男生。

九、that有時可用作關(guān)系副詞來代替when, 引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，修飾表示時間的名詞，如day, time, moment等。例如：

I arrived here the day that(=when)he left.我是在他離開的那天到達(dá)這兒的。

He worked hard the whole time that(=when)he lived here.他在這里的整個時間工作都很努力。

十、than和but也可用作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句

1、than用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如：

You spent more money than was intended to be spent.你花的錢超過了預(yù)定的數(shù)額。（than是關(guān)系代詞，在句中作主語,其先行詞是money）

2、but作為關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時，一般同具有否定意義的主句連用，其先行詞可以是人，也可以是物，但只用于限制性定語從句中。例如:

There was not a single student in my class but learnt a lot from him.（but=who did not）我班上每一個學(xué)生都從他那里學(xué)到了很多東西。

因此，在這種句子中，but在意義上等于“that...not”，“who...not”，“which...not”。

修飾物體時關(guān)系代詞that和 which的區(qū)分 使用that的情況：

1.當(dāng)先行詞是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代詞時。e.g.Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2.當(dāng)先行詞被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修飾時。

e.g.I have some books that are very good.3.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞所修飾時。e.g.This is the first book that I bought myself.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.4.主句是以which或who開頭的特殊疑問句時 e.g.Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting.5.當(dāng)先行詞在從句和主句中都作表語時,無論先行詞是人還是物.China is no longer the country that she was.6.如有兩個定語從句,其中一個已用which引導(dǎo),另一個宜用that.Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.7.在there be句型中,只用that.He asked for the latest book(that)there is on the subject.8.當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the last, the next, the only 等詞修飾時。e.g.This is the very book that I lost yesterday.9.當(dāng)先行詞又有人又有物時。

e.g.I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw.只能使用which的情況。

1、非限制性定語從句中。

e.g.Mary has a book, which is very precious.2、在介詞之后。

e.g.This is a house in which lives an old man.3、當(dāng)主句中的主語被that修飾時。

e.g.That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.

第三篇：定語從句中不能用“which”的幾種情況

定語從句中不能用“which”的幾種情況

1.當(dāng)先行詞為all, little, much, few, everything, none 等不定代詞時關(guān)系代詞用that而不用which.I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.There are few books that you can read in this book store.2.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時,關(guān)系代詞用that, 不用which.He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.3.當(dāng)先行詞有形容詞最高級修飾時,關(guān)系代詞用that, 而不用which.This is the best novel that I have ever read.Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited.4.當(dāng)先行詞有序數(shù)詞修飾時,關(guān)系代詞用that, 不用which.The first sight that was caught at the Great Wall has made a lasting impression on him.5.當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the right等修飾時,關(guān)系代詞用that,不用which.That is the very thing that we can do.It is the only book that he bought himself.6.當(dāng)先行詞被all, every, any, much, little, few, no等修飾時,關(guān)系代詞用that,不用which.You can take any room that you like.There is no clothes that fit you here.7.當(dāng)主句是以which開頭的特殊問句時,定語從句關(guān)系代詞一般用that而不用which.Which of the books that had pictures was worth reading?

8.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“ It is...that...” 中,只用that,不用which.It is in this room that he was born twenty years ago.9.在“ such(the same)...as...” 句型中,關(guān)系代詞要用as, 而不用which.We need such materials as(not which)can bear high temperature.10.表示“ 正如...那樣 ”,“ 正象...” 之意時, 用as, 不用which.Mary was late again, as had been expected.11.As 引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以放在主句前面, 也可以放在主句后面或主句中間,而由 which引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能放在主句后面。

As we all know, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.

第四篇：主語從句中的虛擬語氣

一、It’s important…類

這一類型主要包括It is(was)important(necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable)that...句型。如：

It is impossible that he should go home.他不可能會回家去。

It is necessary that I should return it right now.我有必要馬上把它還回去。

It is important that we should speah politely.我們說話要有禮貌，這是很重要的。It is not necessary that everyone be a scientist.沒有必要使每一個人都成為科學(xué)家。It is imperative that we should practise critidsm and self-criticism.應(yīng)當(dāng)進(jìn)行批評與自我批評。

二、It’s a pity…類

It is a pity that she should fare so badly.她竟吃得這么差，真可憐。

It’s a pity that he should be so obstinate.真遺憾他竟這樣倔犟。

It was a pity that you couldn’t come.你不能來，真是太遺憾了。

It is a pity that she failed the driving examination.她沒通過駕駛考試真是遺憾。

It is his desire that a medical man should stay here.他希望有一個醫(yī)務(wù)人員留在這里。

三、It’s desired…類

這種主語從句還常用在It is(was)desired(suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc.)that...句型。如：

It is requested that a vote be taken.建議付諸表決。

It is settled that you leave us, then? 那么你肯定要離開我們羅?

It was proposed that this matter be considered at the next meeting.有人提議這事下次會議再討論。

It is desired that this rule should be brought to the attention of the staff.希望這條規(guī)則引起全體職員的注意。

【特別說明】

(1)在現(xiàn)代英語中，有時也可不用虛擬語氣而用陳述語氣，但初學(xué)者宜慎用。

(2)在It is amazing(strange, surprising, astonishing, a pity, a shame)以及 I am surprised(sorry)和I regret等結(jié)構(gòu)后的that 從句中有時也用should，表示說話人的驚異、懊悔、失望等情感，常含有“竟然”之意：

It’s strange that he should be so rude.他竟如此無禮，真是奇怪。

I’m surprised that he should have failed.他竟然失敗了，這使我很吃驚。

若不用虛擬語氣也可以，則不帶感情 色彩，比較：

It’s a pity that he failed the exam.他考試沒及格，真是遺憾。

It’s a pity that he should have failed the exam.他考試竟沒及格，真是遺憾。

第五篇：非謂語動詞在句中作定語比較分析

非謂語動詞在句中作定語比較分析

在英語句子中，不定式to do，分詞v+ing 和v+ed 以及動名詞v+ing 是非謂語動詞，除不能作謂語外，其他成份都可擔(dān)當(dāng)，其中一個成份就是作定語。

不定式to do在句中作定語置于被修飾名詞后，常同該名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，要是不定式是不及物動詞，其后應(yīng)加上必要的介詞。例： I have something to say.(to say something)I’ll give you a magazine to read.That is a good company to work for.He is a pleasant fellow to work with.Would you bring me a bench to sit on? 有些名詞常接不定式作定語，如：chance, time, reason, way, effort, right(權(quán)利), movement等，例：

You haven’t any reason to leave me.You have no right to do such a thing.He succeeded in his effort to overcome his fatal weakness.He put himself out of the way to help others.We have no time to lose..Thank you for giving me the chance to make the speech.The first, the last, the second, the best 等常與不定式連用作定語。例： He is always the first to come.She would be the last to agree to our plan.You are the second to ask me that question.I’ll do my poor best to fix it up.當(dāng)to go, to spare 作“剩下”講時可作定語。例： He had five minutes to go before time was up.They had only 100 dollars to spare.不定式用在某些句子中作定語相當(dāng)于一個定語從句，表示動作即將發(fā)生。例： There are many difficulties to overcome.= There are many difficulties that will have to be overcome.He has a large family to support.= He has a large family that he must support.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作定語

現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞在句中都可以作定語，但在語態(tài)和時間概念上有區(qū)別，在語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，過去分詞表被動，在時間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作正在進(jìn)行，而過去分詞則表示動作完成。例：

boiling water(主動、進(jìn)行)boiled water(被動、完成)有時過去分詞則表示被動，不表示完成的動作，有時則表示動作的完成，不表示被動的動作。例：

the fallen leaves(動作已完成)developed countries(動作已完成)an interested party(被動)單個分詞作定語置于被修飾詞前。例： China is a developing country.He lit a fire and from it took a burning stick.America is a developed country.有些單個分詞（尤其是現(xiàn)在分詞）作定語時也可以置于被修飾詞之后，特別如一些不定代詞 anything, something, everything, nothing 等則應(yīng)后置。例：

the experience gained(獲得的經(jīng)驗)for the time being(暫時)for years running(一連數(shù)年)She found the window open and something stolen.There is nothing doing.There is nothing interesting in today’s paper.They can see everything happening on the line.Is there anything interesting in the book? 分詞短語置于被修飾詞之后

The pen lying on the table belongs to you.The boy making faces is my son.I like songs performed by Mao Aming.其實作定語的分詞短語可以擴(kuò)展為定語從句。如上述三句可改為： The pen which is lying on the table belongs to you.The boy who is making faces is my son.I like songs which was performed by Mao Aming.現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語表示一個（現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚┱谶M(jìn)行的動作，或者表示某經(jīng)常性動作或狀態(tài)。例：

Can you see the star moving in the sky? There is a piano standing in the corner.如果分詞所表示的動作在時間上同謂語動詞所表示的動作不一致，不能使用現(xiàn)在分詞，而應(yīng)使用定語從句。例：

I want to know the man breaking the window.是一個錯句 Break 的動作是先發(fā)生

上例不能用現(xiàn)在分詞，應(yīng)改為定語從句。如：….who broke the window.Do you know anyone having lost money.(X)Do you know anyone who lost money.(V)因此我們就知道在那種情況下定語從句可以用現(xiàn)在分詞代替，即：定語從句動詞所表示的時間同主句謂語動詞的時間一致時。例： Did you see the man(who was)talking to the headmaster? The hospital which stands /standing across the street was set up last year.(stands 表示一個經(jīng)常性的狀態(tài))過去分詞在時間上，表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之間，表示與句中謂語動詞相應(yīng)的經(jīng)常性動作；或表示一個正在進(jìn)行的動作，用being +過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。例： Is this the book written(which was written)by Henry James? He was then a teacher respected(who was respected)by all his students.The matter being discussed(which is being discussed)is of great importance.He was invited to a meeting to be held(which was to be held)the next day.動名詞作定語 動名詞單個詞作定語時也置于被修飾詞前，表示被修飾詞的用途、類屬等。例 ； a writing table = a table for writing(動名詞)a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping（現(xiàn)在分詞）a swimming pool = a pool for swimming（動名詞）a waiting room = a room for waiting（動名詞）drinking water = water for drinking（動名詞）

No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.（動名詞）That is a shop dealing in walking stick.（動名詞）The sleeping child was in a sound sleep.（現(xiàn)在分詞）

All bedrooms in this hotel have hot cold running water.(現(xiàn)在分詞)從上述看，單個動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都可以作前置定語，但現(xiàn)在分詞和被修飾的名詞在邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系，表示被修飾名詞自身發(fā)生的動作或行為，而動名詞和被修飾的名詞不表示這種關(guān)系，只表示與被修飾名詞的用途、類屬等。

動名詞作介詞賓語構(gòu)成的介詞短語可定語。例：

He is in the habit of rising early.(of rising 修飾名詞habit)She has a good idea of playing snowball.(of playing 修飾名詞idea)有些名詞有時也可接不定式和其接“介詞＋動名詞”在意義上沒有區(qū)別。例： That is the way of setting the problem.That is the way to settle the problem.這類名詞常用的有：

time for doing sth.Reason of doing sth.Time to do sth.Reason to do sth.Freedom in doing sth.Chance of doing sth.Freedom to do sth.Chance to do sth.Failure in doing sth.Patience in doing sth Failure to do sth.Patience to do sth.Choice of doing sth.Opportunity of doing sth.Choice to do sth.Opportunity to do sth.但有些名詞和purpose, method, idea, habit 等后面只能接of + 動名詞，不接不定式，有些名詞如promise, effort, desire, attempt, ability, refusal, determination, failure 不接of + 動名詞，但可以接不定式。例：

It is surprising that they should choose this method of passing the evening.(不用……method to pass)The old man is in the habit of reading the newspaper at breakfast.(不用……h(huán)abit to do)

I don’t trust his promise to come for a visit.（不用……promise of coming）She had persisted in her refusal to spend Christmas in Brusly.（不用……refusal of spending）

But his efforts to get her back were vain.(不用……efforts of getting)[示例]

考題1---What do you think of the middle school?---It is a very good __________.A.school to study B.School to study in C.Studying school D.school for children to study 解析 從本題的答案看并結(jié)合提干的要求接上一個名詞school，后在這個名詞后面使用不定式作該名詞的定語，從答案中看給的不定式 to study，在此是作不及物動詞，因此不定式的后面應(yīng)加上一個介詞in才合乎題意，所以選Ｂ。

考題２ Snow was falling when they went along a mountain path __________ to the front.A.to lead B.Led C.Leading D.being led 解析 據(jù)題意提干前有一個名詞path，其后是介詞組to the front，即要求一個現(xiàn)在分詞和to the front連成現(xiàn)在分詞短語修飾名詞path作定語，path名詞雖表示物不能使用過去分詞，是小路本身延伸到前線的，所以選Ｃ。

考題３ They set up an __________ table in a small temple to operate on the __________ soldiers.A.operating;wounded B.operated;wounding C.operated;wounded D.operating;wounding 解析 據(jù)題意在第一個提干里應(yīng)使用動名詞作tale的名詞的定語，修飾table，說明戰(zhàn)士是被槍擊傷的即受傷的士兵，表被動完成的動作，所以選Ａ。［訓(xùn)練］

1.The cadre told me that he had a meeting __________.A.to attend B.Attend C.Attending D.to be attended 2.He asked for a piece of paper __________ and a pen __________.A.to write;to write B.To write;to write on C.To write on;to write with D.writing;writing 3.Are you going to the dinner party __________ at the hotel.A.to give B.To be given C.Giving D.to giving 4.The man drinking __________ water was scalded(燙傷)by __________ water yesterday.A.boiled;boiled B.Boiling;boiling C.Boiled;boiling D.boiling;boiled 5.Holding a __________ stick he went into the dark cave.A.burn B.Burnt C.To burn D.burning