第一篇：初中英語一般過去時和there be句型講義和習(xí)題詳解

一、一般過去時的定義

一般過去時表示過去某一時候或某一段時間所發(fā)生了的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。常與過去時間yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before ?, when – clause, in the past連用。

如：What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么？ I met Lin Tao this morning.今天上午我會到了林濤。I was there a moment ago.剛才我在那兒

二、用法說明

1表示在過去某個時間所發(fā)生的動作或所處的狀態(tài)。常與yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等連用。

如：He was here just now.他剛才還在這里。

What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？ 2在過去一段時間內(nèi)的經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動作。

如：We often played together when we were children.我們小時候常在一起玩。注：表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作還可用used to 和would。

如：He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now.他過去經(jīng)常抽煙，但現(xiàn)在不抽了。

Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us.每當(dāng)我們遇到困難，他都會幫助我們。

3表示主語過去的特征或性格。

如：At that time she was very good at English.那時她英語學(xué)得很好。4用在狀語從句中表示過去將來。

如：He said he would wait until they came back.5一般過去時有時可以表示現(xiàn)在，多與 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等動詞連用，使語氣更委婉。

如：I wondered if you could help me.不知你能不能幫我一下。有時用一般過去時也是時態(tài)一致的需要。

如：I didn’t know you were here.沒想到你在這里。注意：

1.表示一系列的動作，盡管有先后，都用一般過去時，最后兩個動詞之間用and連結(jié)。如： He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared.他打開門，沖了出去，然后就消失了。

2.注意在語境中理解“我剛才/原來還不??”。

如：—Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it.—It’s 2566666.請再說一次你的電話號碼，好嗎？我剛才沒聽清楚。是2566666。

三、一般過去時對謂語動詞的要求

一般過去時用動詞的過去式構(gòu)成。即一般過去時的謂語動詞要用動詞的過去式。動詞過去式的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種形式，不規(guī)則變化通常需要逐個記憶，規(guī)則變化則遵循以下原則：

(1)一般在動詞后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.(2)在以字母e結(jié)尾的動詞后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。

(3)在以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞后，則改y為i，再加—ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.(from www.tmdps.cn)(4)在以單短元音的重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且，末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞后，雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.四、特別說明

有些動詞的過去時，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般過去時，后接不定式的完成時；或它們的過去完成時接不定式的一般式，都可表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的意圖、打算或希望。

如：I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party.—I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony.我本希望他來邀請我參加他的婚禮。

I intended to have joined their games.—I had intended to join their games.我本打算參加他們的比賽。

一般過去時練習(xí)題

一、單項選擇： 從下列各題后所給的四個選項中選擇最佳答案填空。

（）1． My father＿＿＿＿＿＿ill yesterday．

A． isn't

B． aren't

C． wasn't D． weren't（）2． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your parents at home last week﹖

A． Is

B． Was

C． Are D． Were（）3． The twins＿＿＿＿＿＿in Dalian last year． They＿＿＿＿＿＿here now．

A． are;were

B． were;are

C． was;are

D． were;was（）4． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your father at work the day＿＿＿＿＿yesterday(前天）﹖

A． Was;before

B． Is;before

C． Was;after

D． Is;after

（）5． —Who was on duty last Friday﹖

—＿＿＿＿＿＿．

A． I am

B． I was

C． Yes, I was

D． No, I wasn't

二、請用正確動詞形式填空。

1.I _________(have)an exciting party last weekend.2.---_________ she _________(practice)her guitar yesterday?

---No, she _________.3.They all _________(go)to the mountains yesterday morning.4.She _________(not visit)her aunt last weekend.5.She ________(stay)at home and _________(do)some cleaning.6.Jenny喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語書。

Jenny likes _________ __________.She _________ an English book last night.7.Emma每天都看電視。可是昨天他沒有看。

Emma__________ TV every day.But he _________ ________ ________ yesterday.四、改寫句子：

1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（變一般疑問句)

___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?

五、改錯題

1．How is Jane yesterday? _____________________

2．He go to school by bus last week.____________________________ 3．He often goes home at 6:00 last month.____________________________ 4．I can fly kites seven years ago.______________________________ 5．Did you saw him just now.____________________________________

一、單項選擇：1---5 CDBAB

二、1.had

2.Did;practice;didn't

3.did;do;watched;read

4.went

三、2.reading books;read 3.watches;didn't watch TV

4.did;do last;did their;went shopping 5.had to cook breakfast;wasn't at home

四、1.didn't do

2.Did;find any

3.Was;any 4.Did;read

五、1.2.go-------went

3.goes------went 4.can-------could

5.saw------see

六、1----5 DBCBA

6------10 DBCDC

there be 【考點聚焦】 there be句型是初中階段的重要語法項目之一，從近年來中考的試題來看，對there be句型的考查主要集中在下列幾點：

1、各種句型轉(zhuǎn)化。變成否定句時在be后加not即可.2、be可以有現(xiàn)在時（there is/are）、過去時(there was/were)、將來時(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成時(there have/has been)；還可用there must be ,there can’t be, there used to be等

3、反意疑問句的構(gòu)成：be(not)there?

4、主謂一致：There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致,遵循就近原則。注意：

1）句型中含有some時，變?yōu)榉穸ň洹⒁蓡柧鋾r一般要改為any。2）對數(shù)量提問：How many ＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) ＋ are there ＋…? How much ＋不可數(shù)名詞 ＋ is there ＋…?

3）對句中 sth.部分提問一般用What’s ＋地點狀語？有時也用 What’s there ＋地點狀語？ 4）與have句型的區(qū)別

there be 表示“某地某時存在某人某物”，而have則表示“某人某地方擁有”。

比較：There is a bus in our school.（只表示存在，bus不一定屬于學(xué)校）Our school has a bus.（表示我們學(xué)校擁有bus這一財產(chǎn)）

5）there be 句型中有時不用動詞be，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be ,等

【技巧點撥】 考查there be 句型的常見題型有單項填空、完型填空、句型轉(zhuǎn)換和改錯等。做這類題時，必須首先認(rèn)真理解全句的意思，看是表示“存在”的“有”還是“擁有”來決定是否用there be還是用其他句型。【考例剖析】

例 1：1.There ____ many new words in Lesson One.It is very easy.(2007南通)A.is B.aren’t C.isn’t D.are 剖析：句子主語（many new words）是復(fù)數(shù)，先排除A、C。而后面說第一課容易，所以文中應(yīng)該是幾乎沒有新的生詞，故D也不正確。答案：B 例 2：There is little ___ in the fridge.Let’s go and buy some.（2007河南）

A.apples B.eggs C.vegetables D.milk 剖析：備選答案A、B、C均為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，而題中謂語是is，所以要么選可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，要么選不可數(shù)名詞，所以排除A、B、C。答案：D 例 3：---There ______ a concert this evening.（2007福州）---Yeah.Exciting news!

A.are going to be B.is going to be C.is going to have D.will have 剖析：該題考查的是動詞have和句型there be的區(qū)別。C, D都是句型there be 和動詞have的混合，都是錯誤的。而there be句型中的be的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于后面的名詞，題中a concert屬于單數(shù)，故排除A。答案：B 例 4：There ____ a knife and a fork on the table.(2007黃岡)A.seems to be B.seem to be C.is seeming to be D.are 剖析：根據(jù)就近原則，首先排除B、D，而 there be 句型中有時不用動詞be，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be等，所以答案應(yīng)從A、C中選。感官動詞一般不用進行時，故C也不正確。答案： A 例 5：根據(jù)中文填空：

我的CD機出毛病了，你能幫我修好嗎？(2007濟南)There’s ______ ______ my CD player.Can you put it right for me? 剖析：這是一個句型：There is something wrong with …? 表示“某物出了什么毛病”，答案： something wrong with

There be【實地演練】將下列句子變成否定句和一般疑問句。1.There is some water in the bottle.2.There are many apples in the box..單項填空。

()3.There ___ any rice in the bowl.A.are B.is C.isn’t D.aren’t

()4.There___ not ____ milk in the cup on the table.A.are, many B.are , much C.is ,many D.is ,much()5.There ___ many apples on the tree last year.A.have been B.were C.are D.is

()6.There ______ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few years.A.is B.are C.will be D.have been()7.There _____ a film tomorrow evening．

A．will have B．have C．is going to be D．has()8.There ________ a football match on TV this evening.A.will have B.is going to be C.has D.is going to have()9.There''s going to ____ in tomorrow''s newspapers.A.have something new B.have new something C.be something new D.be new something()10.How many boys ____ there in Class one?

A.be B.is C.are D.am()11.There ____ a lot of good news in today''s newspaper.A.is B.are C.was D.were()12.There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.A.is a B.are some C.has a D.have some()13.There ____ an apple and ten bananas in the basket.You can take any of them.A.are B.is C.has D.have()14.____ any flowers on both sides of the street?

A．Is there B．Are there C．Has D．Have()15.----There is no air or water on the moon?

----____.A.Yes, there are B.No, there isn''t C.Yes, there isn''t D.No, there is()16-There ____ a bottle of orange and some oranges.A.is B.are C.was D.were()17.____ any flowers on both sides of the street ?

A.Is there B.Are there C.Has D.Have()18.____ is there on the table?

A.How many apples B.How much bread

C.How much breads D.How many food

()19.There isn''t ____ paper in the box.Will you go and get some for me?

A.any B.some C.a D.an()20.How many ____ are there in your classroom?

A.desks B.desk C.chair D.door

34.房子前面有一輛小汽車。35.今晚不開會。

36.我能為你做點什么嗎？ 37.山腳下有一棵大樹。38.你們班有多少學(xué)生？ 39.桌子上放著什么？

40.你丟的那個錢包里有多少錢？

34)There is a car in front of the house.35)There is not going to be a meeting tonight.36)Is there anything I can do for you ? 37)There stands a tall tree at the foot of the mountain.38)How many students are there in your class? 39)What’s on the table ? 40)How much money is there in the purse you have lost ?

第二篇：初中英語句型和短語歸納

初中英語短語和句型歸納一

2007-07-04 18:03

初中英語句型和短語歸納

下面內(nèi)容選自初一至初三課本中的句型和短語，希望對你的中考有所幫助。

1.Nice to meet(see)you!或Glad to meet(see)you!見到您很高興！這種表達方式為It's nice(glad)to meet(see)you!的略寫。

2.It's time to do sth./ It's time for sb.to do sth./ It's time for sth.某人做某事的時間到了。例如：

It's time to get up.It's time for class.3.Welcome to somewhere.（歡迎到某地）

Welcome back to somewhere.（歡迎回到某地）例如：

Welcome back to school.4.Let sb.do sth.（讓某人做某事）例如：

Please let me help you.Now let me call your names.5.May I do sth.?（我可以做某事嗎？）例如：

May I have a piece of paper?

May I borrow a pencil, please?

6.like doing sth.（喜歡做某事。）例如：

Uncle Wang likes making things.I like walking.7.call sb.(sth.)…（把某人或某物稱做……）例如：

Please don't call me Lily.We can call it Mid-Autumn Day.8.Would…like sb.to do sth..（愿意叫某人做某事）

I'd like you to meet my parents, too.Would you like to come to have supper?

9.Why don't you do sth.?（為何不做某事）也可說：Why not do sth.?例如：But why don't you come with me?

10.help sb.with sth./ help sb.(to)do sth.（幫助某人做某事）例如：We're going to help some farmers with their work..I'll help him mend his clothes.11.sth.is hard(easy…)to do

（某事難或易……做）例如：

Some of the apples are hard to reach..English is not difficult to learn.12.Shall we do sth.?或Let's do sth., shall we?

(咱們做某事，好嗎？)例如：

Shall we go to the park?

13.What about sth.? What about doing sth.?

（……某事如何？做某事如何？）例如：

What about a quarter past two?

What about having a short rest?

14.like better（較喜歡）like best（最喜歡）例如：

Which animal do you like best?

Which do you like better, tiger or panda?

初中英語短語和句型歸納二

2007-07-04 18:04

15.have a good time / enjoy oneself（過得愉快）例如：

They are having a good time.We enjoyed ourselves during last summer holiday.16.be good at…（擅長……）do well in…（在某方面做或?qū)W得好）例如：Some are very good at it.Li lei is very good at football.She does better than me in Maths.17.love to do sth.（愛好做某事）例如：

Children often love to play this game.18.had better do sth.（最好做某事）例如：

You'd better catch a bus.You'd better ask that policeman over there.19.be good(bad)for sth..（對某事有好或壞處）例如：

Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health?

20.be late for…（遲到）例如：

How often are you late for school?

21.be away / be not here（不在此處）

Who was away yesterday?

22.have sth.for breakfast(lunch, supper)（早、午或晚餐吃的是……）例如：The twins had eggs and porridge for breakfast this morning.23.enjoy doing sth.（喜歡做某事）例如：

Are you enjoying living here?

24.want to do sth.（想做某事）例如：

My father wanted to work in China.25.on one's way to…（在去某地的路上）例如：

On her way home she bought a new pen in a shop.On my way to school this morning I found a little girl crying.26.be out / be not in / be not at home（不在家，出去了）

I'm afraid he's out at the moment.27.ask sb.to do sth.（叫某人做某事）

Could you ask him to call me ? Ask him to speak more loudly.Please ask him not to talk in class.28.How do sb.do sth.…?（某人怎樣做某事？）例如：

How do you spell that, please? How do you usually come to school?

29.need to do sth.（需要做某事）例如：

They needed to climb up the trees with ladders.You need to wear warm clothes.30.be different from（與……不同）例如：

Your coat is different from mine.31.start(begin)to do sth.（開始做某事）例如：

Everything begins to grow.The flowers start to come out.32.get ready for sth./ be ready for sth.（為某事做好準(zhǔn)備。）例如：

The farmers are all busy getting ready for the next year.33.like A better than B（與B相比，更喜歡A）例如：

I like summer better than spring.初中英語短語和句型歸納三

2007-07-04 18:05

34.learn to do sth.（學(xué)做某事）例如：

I'm learning to skate.35.forget to do sth.（忘了做某事，即此事還沒做）例如：

Oh, dear ,I forgot to tell you.36.thank sb.for(doing)sth.（為或做某事而感謝某人）例如：

Thanks a lot for asking me to your party.Thank you very much for asking me to Ann's party.Thank you for inviting us.37.There's no(little, a little, much, a lot of)time to do sth.（沒有/幾乎沒有/有點或有許多時間做某事）例如：

There's no time to think.It's early, there's much time for us to visit the Great Wall.38.so + be（have，助動詞或情態(tài)動詞）+主語，表示前面情況也適合于后者。例如：“I'm here.” said Jim.“And so is Polly!”

She saw it, and so did I.He can ride a bike, and so can I.39.get…back（取回）例如：

I'm going to get it back.You want to get your TV set back, don't you?

40.be far from…（離某地很遠）

His home isn't far from here.41.go for a walk / take a walk（散步）

Let's go for a walk.42.must be（一定是）例如：

Mmm, it must be more delicious.Let's hurry up.They must be waiting for us.You must be more careful.43.worry about sb.(sth.)（為某人或某事而擔(dān)憂）例如：

I'm worried about my party.Don't worry about me.Everything goes well.44.may be（可能是）

It may be in that pocket.They may be working on the farm.45.be pleased / be glad（高興）例如：

Other people will not be pleased.46.It is + adj.+ doing sth.（做某事很……）

例如：It was nice talking to you.47.not…until…（直到……才……，不到……時不……）例如：

You mustn't eat any thing until you see the doctor.48.every +時間（每隔……時間）例如：

I have to sit down and rest every five minutes.49.There's something wrong with sb.(sth.)（某人或某物出了毛病）There's nothing wrong with sb.(sth.)：（某人或某物沒什么毛病）例如There's something wrong with my bike.初中英語短語和句型歸納四

2007-07-04 18:06

50.keep sth.+ adj.（保持某物……）例如：

You must keep it cool.keep everything clean and tidy.Don't keep your books open until class is over!

51.take sb.to sb.(somewhere.)（帶領(lǐng)某人去見某人或去某地）例如：So one day they took him to a doctor.Our Party is taking us to a strong, rich and modernized（現(xiàn)代化的）country.52.do nothing to do sth.（無能為力的做某事）例如：

The doctor said he could do nothing to help him.53.take sb.to do sth.（帶領(lǐng)某人做某事）例如：

So they took the boy to visit him.Our teacher take us to know the world.54.look+adj.（看起來……）例如：

He looks young.After lunch Aunt Huang came in and looked worried.55.比較級+ and +比較級（越來越……）例如：

But she looked at me and cried harder and harder.Summer comes and days get longer and longer.56.stop doing sth.（停止做某事）例如：

She stopped crying and listened to the music.

第三篇：初中一般過去時和there be句型講解及答案解析

一般過去時練習(xí)題

一、單項選擇： 從下列各題后所給的四個選項中選擇最佳答案填空。

（）1． My father＿＿＿＿＿＿ill yesterday．

A． isn't

B． aren't

C． wasn't D． weren't（）2． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your parents at home last week﹖

A． Is

B． Was

C． Are D． Were（）3． The twins＿＿＿＿＿＿in Dalian last year． They＿＿＿＿＿＿here now．

A． are;were

B． were;are

C． was;are

D． were;was（）4． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your father at work the day＿＿＿＿＿yesterday(前天）﹖

A． Was;before

B． Is;before

C． Was;after

D． Is;after

（）5． —Who was on duty last Friday﹖

—＿＿＿＿＿＿．

A． I am

B． I was

C． Yes, I was

D． No, I wasn't

二、請用正確動詞形式填空。

1.I _________(have)an exciting party last weekend.2.---_________ she _________(practice)her guitar yesterday?

---No, she _________.3.They all _________(go)to the mountains yesterday morning.4.She _________(not visit)her aunt last weekend.5.She ________(stay)at home and _________(do)some cleaning.6.Jenny喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語書。

Jenny likes _________ __________.She _________ an English book last night.7.Emma每天都看電視。可是昨天他沒有看。

Emma__________ TV every day.But he _________ ________ ________ yesterday.四、改寫句子：

1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（變一般疑問句)

___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?

五、改錯題

1．How is Jane yesterday? _____________________

2．He go to school by bus last week.____________________________ 3．He often goes home at 6:00 last month.____________________________ 4．I can fly kites seven years ago.______________________________ 5．Did you saw him just now.____________________________________

There be【實地演練】將下列句子變成否定句和一般疑問句。1.There is some water in the bottle.2.There are many apples in the box..單項填空。

()3.There ___ any rice in the bowl.A.are B.is C.isn’t D.aren’t

()4.There___ not ____ milk in the cup on the table.A.are, many B.are , much C.is ,many D.is ,much()5.There ___ many apples on the tree last year.A.have been B.were C.are D.is

()6.There ______ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few years.A.is B.are C.will be D.have been()7.There _____ a film tomorrow evening．

A．will have B．have C．is going to be D．has()8.There ________ a football match on TV this evening.A.will have B.is going to be C.has D.is going to have()9.There''s going to ____ in tomorrow''s newspapers.A.have something new B.have new something C.be something new D.be new something()10.How many boys ____ there in Class one?

A.be B.is C.are D.am()11.There ____ a lot of good news in today''s newspaper.A.is B.are C.was D.were()12.There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.A.is a B.are some C.has a D.have some()13.There ____ an apple and ten bananas in the basket.You can take any of them.A.are B.is C.has D.have()14.____ any flowers on both sides of the street?

A．Is there B．Are there C．Has D．Have()15.----There is no air or water on the moon?

----____.A.Yes, there are B.No, there isn''t C.Yes, there isn''t D.No, there is()16-There ____ a bottle of orange and some oranges.A.is B.are C.was D.were()17.____ any flowers on both sides of the street ?

A.Is there B.Are there C.Has D.Have()18.____ is there on the table?

A.How many apples B.How much bread

C.How much breads D.How many food

()19.There isn''t ____ paper in the box.Will you go and get some for me?

A.any B.some C.a D.an()20.How many ____ are there in your classroom?

A.desks B.desk C.chair D.door

第四篇：初中英語詞組和句型集錦檢測

初中英語詞組和句型集錦檢測

BOOK TWO(I)

1)_______________________________school.歡迎返回學(xué)校。

2)Who is _____________________________today?今天誰值日？

3)Here is a card for you______________________.送您一張卡片,表達我們最良好的祝愿。

4)Thank you_________________________________!謝謝你把英語課變得如此有趣！

5)For example, Jim ___________________________James.例如，Jim就是James的昵稱。

6)Why don’t you ____________________________a card? 你為什么不給他做張賀卡呢？

7)You can give him your________________________.你可以向他致意。

8)He _____________ want to do it__________________.他不想再做那件事。

9)East Lake has many ________________________fish.東湖有許多不同種類的魚。

10)They have some problems______________________.他們想要到達那里是有一些困難的。

11)Jill often_____________________________.常常走錯路。

12)Many families eat their dinner outside_____________________.許多家庭在露天吃晚餐。

13)Why not meet_______________________________? 為什么不早一些見面呢？

14)Let’s ________________________________half past nine.讓我們把時間定在9：30吧。

15)I ______________________________________r them.我為他們感到難過。

16)Walk along this road, and ______________________on the left.沿著這條路走，在第四個路口向左拐。

17)You’d better _________________a bus.你最好去坐車。

18)He often ___________policemen _______________help.他經(jīng)常向警察求助。

19)You must look after yourself and__________________.你必須照顧好自己，保持健康。

20)I _____________________to help me remember things.我寫日記以幫助自己記住事情。

21)I ___________________________calls.我（經(jīng)常）打許多的電話。

22)Good luck_______________________.祝你的漢語（學(xué)習(xí)）能有好運。

23)Good luck_________ you.祝你好運。

24)Last month we helped them with the rice harvest.We really __________________on the farm.上月我們幫他們收割了水稻。我們真喜歡這次在農(nóng)場的勞動。

25)Thanks a lot for__________________________________ your party.I’d love to come.感謝你邀請我參加你的晚會。我愿意來（參加）。

26)Can I ________________________________you? 我能為你帶個口信嗎。

27)I am ___________________________my exams.我在努力應(yīng)對考試。

28)We’ll have _____________fun.Oh, I can’t wait!我們將過得很開心。哦，我簡直等不及了。

BOOK TWO(II)

1).__________________________________some soup.隨便喝點湯吧。

2).______________my father ___________my mother _____________ dinner on weekdays.在工作日時，要么是我父親要么是我母親做飯。

3).I like Chinese tea _______________________.我喜歡中國的清茶，什么都不加。

4).May I ________________________ now? 你現(xiàn)在要點什么菜嗎？

5).It’s __________the post office ___________ the hospital.它在郵局和醫(yī)院之間。

6).Go on____________ you reach the end.一直走，直到你到達終點。

7).Take the second turning ________________.在第二個路口向左拐。

8).Liu Mei ___________________ the cinema.劉梅正在往電影院去的路上。

9).We’d better catch a bus.我們最好乘公共汽車去。

10).You can __________these books ____________ two weeks.這些書你可以借兩個星期。

11).I can’t find ___________________my bike.我找不到我自行車的鑰匙了。

12).Everyone ____________________ the woman’s mistake.每個人都嘲笑那女人犯的錯。

13).You mustn’t ______________________you see the doctor.直到看了醫(yī)生你才能吃東西。

14).She _____________________________ anything.她不想吃任何東西。

15).If you want to be thinner and healthier, you have to________________________________.如果你想減肥、想更健康點的話，那你就必須少吃食物多鍛煉。

16).Let’s__________________ our boat out of the water.讓我們把船從水里拖上來。

17).________________________you’ll find it somewhere.你遲早會在某個地方找到它的。

18).As they were very hungry, they _________________all the food very soon.因為餓極了，他們很快就吃光了所有的食物。

19).I can’t ________________ my baby ___________________.我不能把我小孩單獨留下。

20).____________________ she woke up and began to cry.半小時后她醒過來然后開始哭了。

21).I began to_______________________ and the baby didn’t cry any more.我開始做鬼臉，接著小孩就不再哭了。

22).He can ________________________your babies.他能很好地照料你們的孩子。

23).Lily __________________ her bike and hurt herself badly.Lily從她的自行車上摔下來，并傷得很厲害。

24).__________taught her.She taught herself.沒有人教她。她是自學(xué)的。

25)._______________, he found the girl blind.令他感到驚訝的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)那女孩是盲的。

26).They both ____________________ in the beautiful music.他們都陶醉在優(yōu)美的音樂中了。

27).Would you____________ come along? 你想一起去嗎？

28).Don’t______________anything _________________.別把東西落下了。

29).Do you __________________________the sports meeting? 你積極參加運動會嗎？

30).All the runners _____________________________ run.所有的選手都在為跑步做準(zhǔn)備。

31).John began to ____________________ Jim.John 開始追上Jim。

32).Study hard, or you will __________________your classmates.要努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你就要落在你同學(xué)后面了。

33).They reached the end ______________________.他們同時到達終點。

34).He got up and _________________________ running.他爬起來繼續(xù)跑。

35).You can’t win every time, but I know you _____________________.你不可能每次都贏，但我知道你盡力了。

36).They are __________________________ English.在英語方面，他們是不分上下。

37).The train is going __________________________ 200 kilometres an hour.火車正在以每小時二百公里的速度行駛。

38).What can we_____________________Bill Gates? 我們能向比爾·蓋茨學(xué)習(xí)什么？

39).I want __________________in the future.我想未來成為一名科學(xué)家。

40).______________________13, Bill Gates started to play with computers.十三歲時，比爾·蓋茨開始玩弄電腦。

41).He ___________________________maths and science.他對數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)很感興趣。

42).We couldn’t________________________________ that difficult maths problem.我們無法解答出那道難的數(shù)學(xué)題。

43).He and some of his friends spent lots of time doing unusual things ____________________.用這臺舊電腦，他和他的幾個朋友花了很多時間做了不同尋常的事情。

44).I _______________________ visit Beijing next week.我計劃下周去北京參觀。

45).Bill Gates ____________________ some medicine for the poor people.比爾·蓋茨決定給那些窮人買寫藥。

46).Mark Twain liked to ____________________ his friends.馬克·吐溫喜歡開他朋友的玩笑。

47).Don’t laugh at those who are ___________________.不要嘲笑那些陷入困境的人。

48).Bill Gates _________________________ 21 billion dollars that year.那年比爾·蓋茨捐贈了二百一十億美元。

49).How are you ________________________your work? 你近來工作如何？

50).He ______________________ his boss.他和老板關(guān)系很融洽。

51).He __________________________the man upstairs.他對樓上的那個男人非常生氣。

52).He was ________tired___________he fell asleep at once.他這么累以至于很快就睡著了。

53).He came into the room and______________his coat.他走進房間，脫下外套。

54).They ______________________ their neighbour because he often shouted at night.他們對鄰居非常不滿，因為他老是在晚上大喊大叫。

55).Please go there _____________________ you can.請你盡可能快地趕去那里。

56).______________________, or you will be late.快點！否則你就要遲到了。

57).The boy _______________________at six in the morning.那男孩是早上六點出發(fā)的。

58).Could you ________________________________ my books? 你能騰個地方給我放書嗎？

第五篇：一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時

1.一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。說話的側(cè)重點只在于陳述一件過去的事情，不強調(diào)對“現(xiàn)在”產(chǎn)生的影響。如：He visited Guilin in 1998.他1998年參觀過桂林。(只說明去桂林的時間,現(xiàn)在干什么和你和我和大家無關(guān),只是說明他以前去過.)

2.現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在造成了影響或產(chǎn)生了結(jié)果。不與確定的過去時間狀語連用。如：Jill has bought a new computer.吉爾買了一臺新電腦。(是過去買的,但著重點是現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在有了一臺新電腦了.已經(jīng)買了,不用再買了.)

3.兩種時態(tài)的區(qū)分

(1)一般過去時的謂語動詞用過去式，而現(xiàn)在完成時的謂語基本構(gòu)成是“助動詞have /has +過去分詞”。

(2)一般過去時通常與表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等；而現(xiàn)在完成時則常與just, already, ever, never等副詞和these days, this week, since..., for...等表示一段時間的狀語連用。

看看以下的幾組句子，有什么區(qū)別？

① Have you seen the film?(A)

Did you see the film?(B)

[說明] 你看過這部電影嗎？(A)句強調(diào)的是被問者對劇情是否了解；(B)句強調(diào)的是看這部電影的動作是否發(fā)生過，并不強調(diào)是否知道其內(nèi)容。

② How has he done it?(A)

How did he do it?(B)

[說明]他是怎么做的這件事？(A)句強調(diào)的是他做這件事的方式對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了某種影響；(B)句單純的詢問做這件事的方式。

③ He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.(A)

He lived in Beijing for 8 years.(B)

[說明]他在北京住了8年。(A)句講的是到目前為止他在北京住了8年，可能還會繼續(xù)在北京住下去。(B)句講的是他在北京住過8年，現(xiàn)在不在北京了。

如果你只是要陳述你做了什么，陳述的東西和目前狀況沒有太大影響，就用一般過去時。比如說 i washed the plate.我洗盤子了，topic基本到此打住，基本沒有下文。還有一種最簡單的過去時情況就是，如果別人用過去時問你，你自然要用過去時回答。

但是你要用現(xiàn)在完成時，效果就不一樣了。

i have washed the plate.我已經(jīng)洗好盤子了。強調(diào)做過，完成了。還有意思是，既然我已經(jīng)洗好盤子了，我就該干什么什么了，或者你就應(yīng)該履行什么承諾之類的，你可以好好感覺一下，這個語感是和漢語通用的，我感覺。

過去完成時就是強調(diào)，在過去的那個點，我已經(jīng)完成了

現(xiàn)在完成時用法解析

1.構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時是由助動詞 have(has)+動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。助動詞說明該謂語是屬于現(xiàn)在時范圍。它和主語的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致。過去分詞是主要的謂語動詞，說明句子的意義。

2.用法

（1）表示動作發(fā)生在過去某個不確定的時間，但對現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。常被just、already、yet 等副詞修飾。如：

-Have you had lunch yet?-Yes,I have.I've just had it.你（已經(jīng)）吃午飯了嗎？ 我剛剛吃過。（現(xiàn)在我不餓了）

（2）表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。這個動作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時間的狀語。如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在這兒教書。（可能還要繼續(xù)教）

I have't seen her for four years.我有四年沒見到她了。

（3）表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗，一般譯為漢語“過”，常帶有twice,ever,never,three times等時間狀語。

如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京二次。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時范圍，故不能和過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday,last

Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在強調(diào)動作產(chǎn)生的后果和影響時，可以和一些表示不確定的時間狀語連用。

a.用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑問句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業(yè)了。

They haven't finished their homework yet.他們還沒有完成作業(yè)。

b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑問句中，表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未“等。如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經(jīng)去過長城嗎？

-I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過長城。

c.用表示到說話為止的過去時間狀語，如just,before,up to now,the past few years等。例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前見過她，但記不起在哪里見過。

He has been there three times the last few days.近幾年他去過那里三次了。

d.用包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時間狀語，如：now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't.今天你見過他嗎？我 沒有。

How many times have you been there this year?

今年你去過那里多少次？

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時可以和帶有since或for等表示“一段時間”的狀語連用,表示動作或狀態(tài)從某一時刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：I haven't seen him for two years.但是，像come,arrive,buy等終止性動詞不能與表示“一段時間”的狀語連用。要用，必須改為“be（在）”等延續(xù)性動詞來表述。現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：

arrive→be herebegin(start)→be on

die→be dead

fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep)

get up→be upgo out→be out

finish →be overput on→wear 或be on

open→be openjoin→be in或 be a member of…

close→be closedgo to school→be a student

borrow→keepbuy→have

catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)get to know →know

begin to study→studycome to work→work等

如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。

His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。

The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。

We have studied English for three years.我們（開始）學(xué)英語已三年了。

4.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時都表示在過去完成的動作。但現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)的是這一動作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。如對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等，而一般過去時只表示動作在過去某一時刻發(fā)生，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。試比較：

I have lost my new book.我把新書丟了。（現(xiàn)在還未找到）

I lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新書丟了。（昨天丟的，現(xiàn)在找到與否沒說明）

5.幾點注意事項

（1）have been(to)與have gone(to)的區(qū)別：have been(to)表示“去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）”，可用于各人稱；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（說話時某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀保Ｓ糜诘谌朔Q，前者可與once ,never,several times等連用，后者則不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他們?nèi)ミ^北京兩次。

He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。

（2）如單純表示一段時間，或強調(diào)一段時間，雖有since一詞，也不必用完成時。如：It is two years since his father died.=His father has been dead for twoyears.他父親去世已有三年了。

（3）終止性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。

如：I haven't left here since 1997.自從1997年以來，我一直沒有離開過這

when, while和as的用法：

（1）三者均可表示“當(dāng)……的時候”，如果主句謂語動詞表示的是短暫的動作，而從句表示的是一段時間，三者可以通用。例如：

I met an old friend of mine as / when / while I was walking along the street.（當(dāng)我沿街散步時，碰見了我的一個老朋友。）

（2）as和when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，謂語動詞可以是終止性動詞，while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，謂語動詞一般是延續(xù)性動詞。例如：

It was raining hard when we got to the airport.（當(dāng)我們到達機場時，天正下著大雨。）（不能用while 引導(dǎo)）

（3）as強調(diào)主句謂語動詞與從句謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生；while強調(diào)主句謂語動詞表示的動作持續(xù)于while從句所指的整個時間內(nèi)；when可以指主句謂語動詞和從句謂語動詞所表示的動作同時或先后發(fā)生。例如：

She sang as she went along.（她邊走邊唱。）

Please listen to me carefully while I read.（我朗讀的時候，請仔細聽。）

When he reached home, he had a little rest.（回到家以后，他休息了一會兒。）

also，too

這兩個詞都是副詞，又都表示“也是”的意思，但在修辭意味和使用場合上有所不同。它們的區(qū)別如下：

（一）一般說來，also用于比較正式（formal）的場合，語氣比too莊重； too是慣熟（familiar）的用語，使用范圍較廣。

（二）also在句中的位置要緊靠動詞； too在句中的位置比較靈活，有時插入句中，前后用逗號分開，有時放在句末。

（三）too只能用在肯定句中，不可用于否定句內(nèi)。在否定句中，只能用either；also則可以用在否定句中。

下面請看例句：

The Hong Kong Chief Executive also heads the university as Chancellor．

香港行政長官也以（大學(xué)）校監(jiān)身份領(lǐng)導(dǎo)大學(xué)。

Reading books is learning，but application is also learning and the more important form of learning． 讀書是學(xué)習(xí)，買踐也是學(xué)習(xí)，而且是更重要的學(xué)習(xí)。

We have not heard such a thing．，we also have never seen such a scene．

我們沒有聽見過這種事情，我們也從來沒有見過這種場面。

請注意，一般說來，also在句中的位置應(yīng)緊靠動詞，但有時為了強調(diào)其意，也可以將它放在句首或句末。Here，too，the colon must be followed by a dash．

這里也一樣，應(yīng)當(dāng)在冒號之后加破折號。

Mary，too，can play the piano．

瑪麗也會彈鋼琴。

Could you speak Japanese？—Yes，and Spanish too．

您會說日語嗎？——會的，還會說西班牙語哩。

Also雖然和too同義，但前者大都用于書面語，后者大都用于口語。例：

The lady washed the children and also gave them dinner．（書面語）

The lady washed the children and gave them dinner too．（口語）

as well as也；和…一樣；不但…而且

作并列連詞相當(dāng)于not only…but also和no less…than，但not only…but also側(cè)重在后項，no less…than 側(cè)重在前項。例如：

We must learn to look at problems all-sidedly, seeing the reverse as well as the obverse side or things.A true man should be practical as well as far-sighted.我們必須學(xué)會全面地看問題,看到它的反面正面的或事情。

一個真實的人應(yīng)該是實用性以及具有前瞻性。

在否定句中，as well as 的位置不同，句意往往有很大差別。比較下面的句子：

He, as well as she, will not come.他將不來，她也將不來。

He will not come as well as she.她將來，但他將不來。（否定前者，肯定后者）

Henry, as well as his brother, doesn''t work hard.亨利同他弟弟一樣，工作不努力。

Henry doesn''t work hard as well as him brother.亨利工作不努力，但他弟弟努力。

as well as 連接的應(yīng)是平等成分，都作主語或都作賓語等。例如：

She was there as well as me.（誤）

She was there as well as I.（正）

else與other的區(qū)別

other 是形容詞性，所以other修飾名詞。other people。

other

主要地是adj, pron

剩余的，其余的，多 余的；其他的；不同的Where's my other glove?

我的那只手套在哪兒？

John and the others are here.約翰和其他人都在這兒。

I haven't brought many cakes.Could you get some others?

我沒有多買糕點，你有多余的嗎？

Think of others as well as yourself.不僅要想到自己，也要想到別人。

else 只修飾兩類詞

修飾 不定代詞 如 someone / someplace/ anything來指代另外一個，而不特別指明哪一個。如： i had nothing else to do

修飾 wh-word。如what /who/where等

如 what else do i need to do我需要做什么其他的？

else多用于特殊疑問詞后。

而other主要修飾名詞，放在名詞前面