第一篇：高中語(yǔ)法精品學(xué)案——倒裝

2012版英語(yǔ)一輪語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)精品學(xué)案：倒裝

下列情況句子需要全部倒裝

(1)表示方位的副詞(如there，here，up，down，out，in，away等)位于句首，句子謂語(yǔ)是go，come，run等表示位置的動(dòng)詞，可將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。There goes phone again.It’s not stopping ringing all morning.電話鈴又響了。整個(gè)上午都響個(gè)不停。

There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made.仍然有可能出了差錯(cuò)。

Here comes the train to Beijing.去北京的火車來(lái)了。There goes the bell.鈴響了。Down came the rain.下雨了。

但主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)仍置于動(dòng)詞之前。Here he comes.他來(lái)了。Here it comes.它來(lái)了。

(2)由一些表示方位的介詞短語(yǔ)引起。In the middle of the mountain lies a temple.山里有座廟。

Inside the temple live many monks.廟里有很多和尚。(3)一些作表語(yǔ)的形容詞放在句首。

Seated in the lecture hall are hundreds of students.演講大廳里坐著數(shù)百名學(xué)生。

Present at the conference were many famous people.出席會(huì)談的是很多著名人士。下列情況需要部分倒裝

(1)句子以never，seldom，rarely，little，hardly，scarcely等否定意義的副詞以及by no means，not until，not a word，not a single等否定詞開(kāi)頭的詞組一般都用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。Never in all my life have I felt so humiliated.我這輩子從未感到如此受辱。

Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.一生中我很少見(jiàn)到如此果斷的人。Not a word did he say at the last meeting.在上次會(huì)議上他一句話都沒(méi)說(shuō)。

(2)hardly...when，no sooner...than，not only...but also引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，將前一個(gè)分句中的主謂作部分倒裝，后一個(gè)分句中的主謂語(yǔ)序不變。

Hardly had he began to speak when his father stopped him.他剛開(kāi)口發(fā)言就被父親制止了。

No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.我剛剛離開(kāi)家就下雨了。

(3)當(dāng)句子用so，nor，neither開(kāi)頭，來(lái)說(shuō)明前面一句話中謂語(yǔ)表示的情況，也適用于另外一些人或物時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)部分倒裝，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)只是用助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示。其常見(jiàn)句型是：so/neither/nor＋be(have/do等助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)＋主語(yǔ)。Frank adores dogs and so does his wife.弗蘭克非常愛(ài)狗，他妻子也一樣。

She couldn’t work out the answer，and nor could I.她算不出答案，我也算不出。[來(lái)源:Zxxk.Com](4)當(dāng)only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，采用部分倒裝形式。Only then did I realize the importance.只有那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到重要性。

Only when I see it with my only eyes do I believe it.只有親眼見(jiàn)到，我才相信。

(5)在so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)把so提到句首時(shí)，主謂要倒裝。So moved was she that she could not say a word.她激動(dòng)得一句話也說(shuō)不出來(lái)。

So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他的聲音那么大，連隔壁屋子里的人都聽(tīng)得見(jiàn)。

So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.光速如此之快，我們很難想像。So frightened is he in the darkness that he dare not say a word.他在黑暗中十分害怕，一句話都不敢說(shuō)。

(6)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)句子要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即要將從句中的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或從句中的動(dòng)詞提到as的前面。

在as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，作表語(yǔ)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不用任何冠詞。Try as she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open.無(wú)論蘇怎么努力，她都打不開(kāi)門(mén)。

Popular as he is，the President hasn’t always managed to have his own way.盡管總統(tǒng)很受人歡迎，但他也并非總按自己的方式辦事。

(7)在省略if的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，were，had或should要提到句首構(gòu)成倒裝。Had you come a few minutes earlier，you would have seen him.如果你早來(lái)幾分鐘，你會(huì)見(jiàn)到他。

Should he be here next week，he would help us.[來(lái)源:學(xué).科.網(wǎng)Z.X.X.K] 如果他下周來(lái)這兒，他就幫助我們。Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away________.A．fleeing the thief

B．was fleeing the thief[來(lái)源:學(xué)*科*網(wǎng)Z*X*X*K] C．the thief was fleeing

D．fled the thief 【解析】 句意為：聽(tīng)到狗的狂叫聲，小偷逃掉了。本題考查了全部倒裝句。表地點(diǎn)方位的副詞away放句首時(shí)，句子要全部倒裝。正常的語(yǔ)序是：The thief fled away.【答案】 D 2． The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only________，but students became more interested in the lessons.A．saved was teachers’ energy

B．was teachers’ energy saved

C．teachers’ energy was saved [來(lái)源:學(xué)*科*網(wǎng)] D．was saved teachers’ energy

【解析】 句意為：電腦被應(yīng)用于教學(xué)中。結(jié)果，不僅節(jié)省了老師的精力，學(xué)生也對(duì)課堂更感興趣了。此題考查not only用于句首時(shí)的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，not only用于句首時(shí)后面的句子必須用部分倒裝。【答案】 B 3． Unsatisfied________with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience.A．though was he

B．though he was C．he was though

D．was he though 【解析】 句意為：盡管對(duì)工資不滿意，但為了獲得工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他還是接受了這份工作。本題考查though引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句可用倒裝的形式，即從句中的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形置于句首，但主謂順序不變。though引

導(dǎo)的從句也可以不倒裝，前半句可寫(xiě)為：Though he was unsatisfied with the payment。【答案】 B 4． So sudden________that the enemy had no time to escape.A．did the attack

B．the attack did C．was the attack

D．the attack was 【解析】 句意為：這次襲擊非常突然以至于敵人沒(méi)有時(shí)間逃跑。so＋adj.放于句首時(shí)，主句倒裝。sudden是形容詞，在句中作表語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用was。【答案】 C 5．For a moment nothing happened.Then________all shouting together.A．voices had come

B．came voices C．voices would come D．did voices come 【解析】 句意為：那會(huì)兒，什么都沒(méi)發(fā)生。之后大家一起歡呼起來(lái)。本題考查倒裝句型，副詞then，away，out，in 等置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，主謂要全部倒裝。【答案】 B 6． Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school.________the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友)from home and abroad.A．Attend

B．To attend C．Attending

D．Having attended 【解析】 句意為：尊敬的來(lái)賓朋友們，歡迎蒞臨我校。今天早上參加50周年慶典的是來(lái)自國(guó)內(nèi)外的校友。本句為倒裝句，正常的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是：Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.【答案】 C 7．Not until I came home last night________to bed.A．Mum did go

B．did Mum go C．went Mum

D．Mum went 【解析】 句意為：昨晚媽媽直到我回家才上床睡覺(jué)。not until引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句且提前置于句首需要部分倒裝，又因?yàn)闀r(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去時(shí)(從came可知)，所以要將助動(dòng)詞did提前。【答案】 B 8． So much of interest________that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.A．offers Beijing B．Beijing offers

C．does Beijing offer

D．Beijing does offer 【解析】 so much置于句首，后面的句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝，即將助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前面。【答案】 C 9． Not until the motorbike looked almost new________repairing and cleaning it.A．he stopped B．did he stop D．he did stop C．stopped he

【解析】 句意為：他把摩托車擦洗和修補(bǔ)得像新的一樣才停止下來(lái)。not until引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)(或狀語(yǔ)從句)放在句首，主句部分需部分倒裝，所以只有B符合題意。【答案】 B[來(lái)源:學(xué)_科_網(wǎng)Z_X_X_K] 10．Little________that we were watching his every move，so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.A．he realized

B．he didn’t realize

C．didn’t he realize D．did he realize 【解析】 本題考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。否定詞little位于句首時(shí)句子要部分倒裝。【答案】 D 11．Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.A．did he tell B．he told C．was he told

D．he was told 【解析】 否定詞not置于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝，加之he與tell為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故主句應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；所以選C。【答案】 C 12． Only under special circumstances________to take make-up tests.A．a(chǎn)re freshmen permitted

B．permitted are freshmen C．freshmen are permitted

D．a(chǎn)re permitted freshmen[來(lái)源:學(xué)*科*網(wǎng)] 【解析】 only后面跟狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝，故答案為A。【答案】 A 13．—Did you see who the driver was? —No，so quickly________that I couldn’t get a good look at his face.[來(lái)源:Z#xx#k.Com] A．does the car speed by

B．the car sped by

C．did the car speed by

D．the car speeds by 【解析】 考查倒裝句。句型so...that...中so與其后形容詞或副詞置于句首時(shí)，主句部分采用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；此句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，借助于助動(dòng)詞did構(gòu)成倒裝句。【答案】 C 14． ________he is，________he can do something that grown-ups do.A．A boy as；but

C．Boy as；yet B．A boy though；yet D．Boy as；but 【解析】 考查特殊句式。句意為：雖然他只是一個(gè)孩子，但是他可以做一些成年人做的事情。前半句是as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)前置；此處表語(yǔ)為名詞，其前不加冠詞。此結(jié)構(gòu)可以和yet，still等連用，但不可與but連用。【答案】 C 15．Hardly________the phone________I was told that the hotel had been booked full.A．I had picked up；when

B．had I picked up；then C．had I picked up；when

D．I had picked up；then 【解析】 考查倒裝句和固定句式。本句使用了“hardly...when...”句式，表示“剛一……就……”；當(dāng)否定副詞hardly放在句首時(shí)，主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，因此選C。近年高考試題的單項(xiàng)填空部分有不少試題都呈現(xiàn)“復(fù)合型”，一個(gè)試題中考查兩個(gè)或多個(gè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。【答案】 C 16． Only when class began________that he had left his book at home.A．will he realize

B．he did realize C．did he realize D．should he realize 【解析】 考查倒裝句，當(dāng)only＋狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝形式。【答案】 C 17． Little________about H1N1 so far，so there is no doubt that many people are afraid when talking about the disease.A．did scientists known

B．scientists have known[來(lái)源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK] C．have scientists known

D．had scientists known 【解析】 本題考查時(shí)態(tài)和倒裝。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞so far，可以確定用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故排除A、D兩項(xiàng)；little表示否定，放句首要倒裝。【答案】 C 18． “By no means，” declared the captain.“________give way to disappointment.” A．we would

C．might we B．we will D．shall we 【解析】 考查倒裝句型。by no means位于句首句子要倒裝，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該用shall we。【答案】 D 19．Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.A．did he tell B．he told C．was he told

D．he was told

【解析】 考查倒裝。not until 置于句首，句子要部分倒裝；he 與tell之間存在著動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以答案為C。【答案】

C 20． ________，she talks a lot about her favorite singers after she went home.[來(lái)源:學(xué)#科#網(wǎng)] A．A quiet student as she may be B．Quiet as she may be a student C．Be a quiet student as she may D．Quiet student as she may be 【解析】 考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：盡管她是個(gè)寡言的學(xué)生，但回家后關(guān)于她喜歡的歌手她也談了很多。該倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為：adj.＋n.(單數(shù))＋as＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)。【答案】 D 21．By the side of the Bird’s Nest________，completed in 2008.A．there standing the Water Cube B．does the Water Cube stand C．the Water Cube stands[來(lái)源:Z,xx,k.Com] D．stands the Water Cube 【解析】 考查倒裝。由于地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)前置，句子應(yīng)采用全部倒裝語(yǔ)序，即把整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之前。語(yǔ)境為：鳥(niǎo)巢的旁邊就是2008年建成的水立方。

【答案】 D 22．Many people agree that never in history________a more splendid opening ceremony than that of the Beijing Olympics.A．there were

B．has there been C．there has been

D．were there 【解析】 考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。在從句中，否定副詞never置于句首，所以要用部分倒裝。【答案】 B 23．Not a single word________when he left home and joined the army in 1941.A．did he leave

B．left he C．did leave he

D．he left 【解析】 考查倒裝語(yǔ)序。not a single word位于句首時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。【答案】 A 24． We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case________from practice.A．should theory separate

B．should theory be separated C．theory should separate

D．theory should be separated 【解析】 考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。從in no case可知，后面的句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝，同時(shí)theory和separate為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，故選B項(xiàng)。【答案】 B 25．—Can I smoke here? —No.In no circumstances________in the library.A．smoking permits B．smoking is permitted C．does smoking permit

D．is smoking permitted 【解析】 考查倒裝句。in no circumstances 表示否定，意思是“決不，在任何情況下都不”，放在句首時(shí)，句子要倒裝，由此排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；根據(jù)句意可知，permit應(yīng)該用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以D項(xiàng)正確。【答案】 D

第二篇：倒裝語(yǔ)法總結(jié)

倒裝語(yǔ)法總結(jié)

一、定義

自然語(yǔ)序：Iwillneverdothat.倒裝語(yǔ)序： Whenwillyoucometoseeme?

HerecomesMs.Shao.二、倒裝例句

I will never do that.Never will I do that.Mr.Su, Mr.Yang and three other teachers were present at the meeting.Present at the meeting were Mr.Su, Mr.Yang and three other teachers.There was a farm house.There was little boy sitting in front of it.There was a farm house.In front of it sat a little boy.三、倒裝的分類：倒裝分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝：完全倒裝：整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)移至主語(yǔ)之前，例如：Here comes the bus.；

部分倒裝：只把系動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞或表語(yǔ)，即謂語(yǔ)的一部分放在主語(yǔ)之前，例如： Only then did he realize that he was wrong.四、倒裝的應(yīng)用

（一）完全倒裝 1.直接引語(yǔ)在句首 “You are late,” whispered the little child.“Do you think it is beautiful?” he asked.“Look out!” the little child was crying.2.Here/There/Now/Then + 不及物動(dòng)詞(come/go/begin/follow)Now comes your turn to give us a talk.Then began the revolution.Herehecomes.2.表示方位或方向的介詞短語(yǔ)或副詞短語(yǔ)放在句首，用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

Out rushed the boy from the house.In came a girl he had never seen before.Behind the tree was a house.Out he rushed.1

3.強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，或使上下文緊密銜接時(shí)，用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

South of the city lies a big steel factory.Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.He arrived at an old church, in front of which stood a big crowd of people.Written on the blackboard are the key words of this unit.4.There + 不及物動(dòng)詞

be/lie/stand/hang/appear/seem/exist/live… There lives an old man in the mountain.There stood a pine tree in front of the house.There still exist some problems.（二）部分倒裝

1.以so/nor/neither開(kāi)頭的句子，表示前文情況同樣適用于后文。謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)，形式與前句一致。

Society has changed and so have the people in it.I don’t like math and neither does Tom.I don’t know and nor do I care.—It is cold today.—So it is.—So was it yesterday.2.否定意義的副詞或短語(yǔ)用在句首

Little did he know who the woman was.In no way should we give up fighting.直到我開(kāi)始工作，我才意識(shí)到我之前浪費(fèi)了很多時(shí)間：I realize I had wasted much time.他不僅讀完了那本書(shū)，而且能記住大部分內(nèi)容。Not onlybut Not until…

Not only did he read the book, but also he remembered what he had read.never

seldomnowhereno longerlittle not a bit not only…but… barely not untilin no way by no means in no case in vainnot onceon no account at no timeunder no circumstances 3.Hardly/Scarcely…when…;No sooner…than…

4.某些頻度副詞用在句首

often, always, once, many a time,now and then…

Often do I think of him.Many a time has he helped me with my homework.5.so/such…that…中 so + adj./adv.或such…用在句首

In such a hurry did he leave that he forgot to lock the door.So loudly did he speak that he was heard upstairs.6.only在句首修飾狀語(yǔ)(副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句)時(shí)用倒裝語(yǔ)序

7.多數(shù)疑問(wèn)句都為倒裝語(yǔ)序

Where do you live?

Who did that?

（三）特殊結(jié)構(gòu)

1.虛擬條件句的倒裝。

Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the exam.If I were to do the work, I should do it some other way.Were I to do the work, I should do it some other way.2.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

形容詞/名詞/副詞/實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 + as + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞

Pretty as she is, she is not clever.as I like it, I won’t buy it.Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door.五、倒裝翻譯句子

1.大約在二十三個(gè)世紀(jì)之前，在希臘有一位叫做亞里士多德的思想家。

About twenty-three centuries ago, there lived in Greece a great thinker named Aristotle.2.門(mén)開(kāi)了，進(jìn)來(lái)一些手里拿著花的女孩兒。

The door opened, and in came some girls with flowers in their hands.3.要是他以前每天練習(xí)閱讀和口語(yǔ)的話，他現(xiàn)在就會(huì)說(shuō)得非常好了

Had he practiced reading and speaking English every day, he would speak it well enough now.4.字典是我們最好的老師。它不但教我們?cè)~匯的意思，還教我們?nèi)绾问褂盟鼈儭?/p>

A good dictionary is our best teacher.Not only does it teach us the meaning of words, but also teaches us how to use them.5.雨一停士兵們就又上路了。

Scarcely had it stopped raining when the soldiers started on their way again.6.我昨晚睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候還在下雨。雨直到半夜才停。

It was still raining when I went to bed.Not until midnight did it stop raining.7.經(jīng)過(guò)了一天繁重的勞動(dòng)后，我累得都快站不住了。

So tired was I after a whole day’s heavy work that I could hardly stand on my feet.8.山頂上有一座廟，這些僧侶們?cè)?jīng)在那里住過(guò)。

On the top of the hill stands a temple, where the monks once lived.9.盡管她很年輕，她對(duì)于這項(xiàng)工作很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

Young as she is, she is quite experienced in the work.10.昨天晚上直到我寫(xiě)完作業(yè)才睡覺(jué)。

Last night, not until I finished my homework did I go to bed.

第三篇：高中語(yǔ)法精品學(xué)案——定語(yǔ)從句

2012版英語(yǔ)一輪語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)精品學(xué)案：定語(yǔ)從句

whose 是一個(gè)表示所屬關(guān)系的詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于my，his，her，its，their等修飾人或物。of which 可以代替whose 指物，詞序一般是名詞＋of which 或of which ＋名詞。of whom 可以代替whose 指人，詞序是名詞＋of whom。

Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.父母親在大城市里打工的許多孩子在村莊里被照顧的非常好。

The newly-built cafe，the walls of which are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.這家新建的墻體被涂成淺綠色的咖啡廳對(duì)我們而言確實(shí)是個(gè)安靜場(chǎng)所，尤其是在辛苦工作之后。1.Children who are not active or________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A．what

C．which

B．whose D．that 解析： 句意為：一些不是很活躍，或者他們的飲食中熱量太高的孩子會(huì)很快長(zhǎng)胖。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為children，or 連接兩個(gè)并列的定語(yǔ)從句，第一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞為who，第二個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞為考查點(diǎn)，先行詞children在第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中與從句中的主語(yǔ)diet形成所屬關(guān)系：children’s diet，故選擇B項(xiàng)。答案： B 2．The old temple________roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.A．where

C．its

B．which D．whose 解析： 句意為：那座在暴風(fēng)雨中屋頂受損的古廟現(xiàn)在正在維修當(dāng)中。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。此句先行詞是the old temple，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：The_old_temple’s roof was damaged in a storm.由此可知先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞whose 引導(dǎo)。答案： D 3．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of________left their village homes for a better life in the city.A．whom

C．them

B．which D．those 解析： 句意為：近千人在這一小社區(qū)居住，他們當(dāng)中很多都是從農(nóng)村老家來(lái)城市尋求更好的日子的。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為1,000 people，代入定語(yǔ)從句為many of 1,000 people left their village homes for a better life in the city，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)且指人，故用whom。

答案： A[來(lái)源:Z§xx§k.Com] 1．與定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成搭配。

The man(who/whom/that)I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.＝The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.在會(huì)議中我與他談話的那個(gè)人是從北京大學(xué)來(lái)的。

注意： 但是在下面一句中for 不可以提前，因?yàn)閘ook for 是動(dòng)詞詞組。

This is the person(who/whom/that)you are looking for.[來(lái)源:Zxxk.Com][來(lái)源:學(xué)*科*網(wǎng)Z*X*X*K] 這就是你找的那個(gè)人。

2．與定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞構(gòu)成搭配。

He built a telescope，through which he could study the skies.他架起一架望遠(yuǎn)鏡，通過(guò)它他可以研究天空。

In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上沒(méi)有一個(gè)人能為她提供幫助。

3．of＋which/whom表示所屬關(guān)系。(表所屬關(guān)系也可用whose)Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable.最近我買了個(gè)古代的花瓶，它的價(jià)錢很合理。

1.(2011·龍巖檢測(cè))At 13，Samuel received a training course in drawing for three years，________he got a good opportunity for further development.A．a(chǎn)fter that

C．a(chǎn)fter it

B．a(chǎn)fter which D．a(chǎn)fter this 解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。after which he got a good opportunity for further development 是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。答案： B 2．Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.A．on which

C．to which

B．by which D．from which 解析： 句意為：風(fēng)力是很古老的一種能源，不久的將來(lái)我們也許會(huì)再利用它。考查定語(yǔ)從句。return to重新利用，屬于固定搭配。故排除含有介詞on，by 和from 的A、B、D項(xiàng)。答案： C 3．(2011·東北三校一模)There are 51 students in Class Three，________failed in the test.A．a(chǎn)ll of which

B．a(chǎn)ll of them

C．none of whom

D．none of them 解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。后半句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞students，應(yīng)用whom引導(dǎo)。因?yàn)榍昂髢删渲g沒(méi)有并列連詞，所以B、D兩項(xiàng)不正確。答案： C point，situation，case等，從表面上看它們不是表地點(diǎn)的，但卻表示類似地點(diǎn)的意義，因此它們作先行詞時(shí)，如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，那么這個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞要用where；如果不作狀語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系代詞that/which。It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves different.(where 作狀語(yǔ))把孩子放在一個(gè)能使他們從另外一個(gè)角度認(rèn)識(shí)自己的環(huán)境中對(duì)他們有益。

Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.(which/that 作賓語(yǔ))現(xiàn)在只有一點(diǎn)我希望你弄清楚。

1.(2011·云南檢測(cè))—Do you have anything to say for yourselves? —Yes，there’s one point________we must insist on.A．why

C．how

B．where D．/ 解析： the point 作介詞on的賓語(yǔ)，因此應(yīng)選用關(guān)系代詞或者省略。答案： D 2． I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A．which

C．how

B．where D．why 解析： 句意為：我已經(jīng)到了應(yīng)該自己作決定的那個(gè)人生階段。where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞point。答案： B 3． The doctor said that the treatment would continue until the patient reached the point________he could walk correctly and safely.A．where

C．which

B．when D．that 解析： point 為先行詞，后面為定語(yǔ)從句，在定語(yǔ)從句中walk 為不及物動(dòng)詞，從句不缺少賓語(yǔ)，且表時(shí)間故用when引導(dǎo)。句意為：醫(yī)生說(shuō)，病人的治療要持續(xù)到他能夠安全穩(wěn)當(dāng)?shù)匦凶邽橹埂４鸢福?B 1．a(chǎn)s 與which 都可以代指主句中的一部分或整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，有時(shí)可以互換。He married her，as(which)was natural.很自然地，他和她結(jié)婚了。

(2009·山東卷)Whenever I met her，which was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.不管我何時(shí)遇見(jiàn)她，她都用甜甜的微笑迎接我，這是常事兒。2．但在下列情況下一般只能用as。

(1)as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以放在句首，而which 則不能。

As we know，more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water.正如我們所知，地球表面的70%以上被水覆蓋。

(2)as 表示“正如，正像”，而which 無(wú)此意。

此時(shí)，as從句中常有know，expect，happen，point out，plan，suggest 等單詞或短語(yǔ)。He came back home late，as we expected.正如我們所料，他回家晚了。

(3)當(dāng)先行詞被the same，such 修飾時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句需用as引導(dǎo)。I bought the same book as you have.我買了一本跟你一樣的書(shū)。

I’ll give you such things as you may need.我將給你你需要的東西。

He’ll marry as pretty a girl as he can find.他將與他能發(fā)現(xiàn)的最漂亮的女孩結(jié)婚。

(4)但是當(dāng)先行詞被the same修飾時(shí)，that 也可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但意義有所不同。the same...as(指同樣或同類的)，the same...that(指同一個(gè))This is the same watch as I lost.這塊表與我丟的那塊一樣。This is the same watch that I lost.這就是我丟的那塊表。

1.(2011·山東濰坊質(zhì)量抽樣)Her books were all over the dining table，________meant we had to eat in the kitchen.A．which

C．that

B．what D．it 解析： 句意為：她的書(shū)擺滿了餐桌，這就意味著我們必須在廚房吃飯了。which 引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代替主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)內(nèi)容。

答案： A 2．(2011·浙江金華一中月考)Mrs Black took the police back to ________ place________she witnessed the robbery.A．the same；that

B．the same；as C．the same；where

D．a(chǎn)s the same；is 解析： 句意為：Black 夫人把警察帶到她目睹搶劫案的那個(gè)地方。可見(jiàn)在以the same place 為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句中，從句缺少的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此用where。A、B兩項(xiàng)中的引導(dǎo)詞that，as均為關(guān)系代詞，要在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，故錯(cuò)誤。答案： C 3．(2011·銀川實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)第一次月考)________is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.A．Which

C．That

B．As D．It 解析： as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以放在句首，which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句不能放在主句的前面；that 不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。it 可以作形式主語(yǔ)，如果把句子中的逗號(hào)改為that，D項(xiàng)也正確。句意為：正像上文提到的那樣，高中生的數(shù)量在增長(zhǎng)。答案： B 4． After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，________turned out to be a wise decision.A．that

B．which D．where C．when

解析： 句意為：大學(xué)畢業(yè)之后，我休息了一段時(shí)間去旅游，結(jié)果證明這是一個(gè)明智的決定。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知第二個(gè)逗號(hào)后是一非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，排除A項(xiàng)；定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)，排除C、D兩項(xiàng)，先行詞是逗號(hào)前的整個(gè)句子，所以B為正確答案。答案： B 5．(2011·黃岡檢測(cè))Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm ________few residents had ever experienced before.A．a(chǎn)s

B．which D．that C．a(chǎn)nd it was

解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。as在此處為關(guān)系代詞，作experienced 的賓語(yǔ)。答案： A

6． In China，the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.A．where

C．whose

B．which D．that 解析： 句意為：在中國(guó)，城市的數(shù)量在快速地增加，其發(fā)展被世界所公認(rèn)。考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為cities，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：The cities’ development is recognized across the world.由此可見(jiàn)，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，故用whose。答案： C 7． I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school________I met in the English speech contest last year.A．who

B．where D．which C．when

解析： 代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：I met several of the students in the English speech contest last year.由此可見(jiàn)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，先行詞指人，故用who/whom/that引導(dǎo)，故答案為A。答案： A 8 That’s the new machine________parts are too small to be seen.A．that

B．which D．what C．whose

解析： 句意為：那臺(tái)新機(jī)器的部件太小了，以至于都看不見(jiàn)。考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為the new machine，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：the new machine’s parts are too small to be seen，可以看出the new machine 在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，故用whose。答案： C 9． As a child，Jack studied in a village school，________is named after his grandfather.A．which

C．what

B．where D．that 解析： 句意為：小時(shí)候，杰克在一所鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校讀書(shū)，那所學(xué)校是以他祖父的名字命名的。本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是a village school，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：The village school is named after his grandfather.由此可見(jiàn)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，且該從句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故用which引導(dǎo)。答案： A 10． The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister________she would stay for an hour.A．where

C．which

B．who[來(lái)源:學(xué),科,網(wǎng)] D．what 解析： 句意為：這個(gè)女孩準(zhǔn)備在培訓(xùn)中心和她姐姐一起上鋼琴課。在那里她將待一小時(shí)。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為the training centre，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故選where。答案： A 11． I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.A．who

B．that C．a(chǎn)s

D．what 解析： 句意為：我拒絕接受因?yàn)閯e人的錯(cuò)誤而遭受的責(zé)備。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的選擇。先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，而且為不定代詞something，關(guān)系詞只能用that。答案： B 12． The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A．in it

B．in D．in which C．in that

解析： 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知house后面有一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而且定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞已經(jīng)省略，那么該引導(dǎo)詞一定在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以此空中要填介詞in，且其后不能再有賓語(yǔ)。答案： B 13． Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.A．of which

B．with which C．a(chǎn)bout which

D．into which 解析： 句意為：槍支的控制是在美國(guó)爭(zhēng)論了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的一個(gè)話題。此題考查“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為subject，帶入定語(yǔ)從句后為：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作about的賓語(yǔ)，介詞about提前，故用關(guān)系代詞which。答案： C 14．A person________e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A．who

B．whom C．whose

D．whoever 解析： 句意為：一個(gè)人的電子郵件賬戶滿了，就不能收發(fā)任何郵件了。此題考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為a person，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：whose e-mail account is full.由此可見(jiàn)，whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，是形容詞性的，修飾名詞。who作主語(yǔ)；whom作賓語(yǔ)；whoever連接代詞，“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句或狀語(yǔ)

從句。答案： C 15． She brought with her three friends，none of ________I had ever met before.A．them

B．who D．these C．whom

解析：

句意為：她帶了3個(gè)朋友過(guò)來(lái)，沒(méi)有一個(gè)是我曾經(jīng)見(jiàn)過(guò)的。此題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是her three friends，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介詞后指人時(shí)用關(guān)系代詞whom。

答案： C 關(guān)系代詞that與which的用法區(qū)別

(1)關(guān)系代詞指代物，而引導(dǎo)詞只用which不用that的情況： ①關(guān)系代詞指物，作介詞賓語(yǔ)的時(shí)候：

This is the question about which they have had so much discussion in the past few weeks.這是他們?cè)谶^(guò)去幾周討論了多次的問(wèn)題。

②關(guān)系代詞指前面的整個(gè)句子，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)： He failed in the exam，which made his father angry.他考試不及格，這使他父親很生氣。

(2)that和which都指物時(shí)，在下列四種情況下只能用that而不能用which：

①當(dāng)先行詞是all，everything，something，nothing，anything，much，little，few等不定代詞時(shí)。There was little that I could do for you.我不能為你做什么。That is all that I want to say.那就是我想要說(shuō)的。②當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂林他們所參觀的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。This is the best film that I have ever seen.這部電影是我看過(guò)的最好的一部。

③當(dāng)先行詞被the very，the only，the just等修飾時(shí)。

This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.[來(lái)源:學(xué)#科#網(wǎng)Z#X#X#K] 這正是我要買的詞典。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.史密斯先生是他唯一認(rèn)識(shí)的外國(guó)人。

④當(dāng)人和物同時(shí)作先行詞時(shí)。

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 你知道他們正在談?wù)摰娜撕褪聠幔?⑤當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞who或which時(shí)。

Which is the bike that you lost？哪一輛是你丟失的自行車？ Who is the boy that won the gold medal？獲金牌的小男孩是誰(shuí)？ 介詞＋關(guān)系代詞

(1)介詞＋關(guān)系代詞中介詞的賓語(yǔ)只能是which或whom。

The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告訴我的那位紳士證實(shí)是小偷。In the dark street，there wasn’t single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上沒(méi)有一個(gè)人能為她提供幫助。

(2)當(dāng)復(fù)合介詞短語(yǔ)＋which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，這種定語(yǔ)從句常與先行詞用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，從句用倒裝語(yǔ)序。He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree.他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵大樹(shù)。(3)介詞＋which/who＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。The poor man has no house in which to live.那個(gè)可憐的人沒(méi)有房子住。

(4)of＋which/whom表示所屬關(guān)系。(表所屬關(guān)系也可用whose)Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable.最近我買了個(gè)古代的花瓶，它的價(jià)錢很合理。關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

關(guān)系代詞as既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，as在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。

引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用于下列句式：

其中關(guān)系代詞as在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。We have found such materials as are used in their factory.我們已經(jīng)找到了像他們工廠里用的那種材料。(as作主語(yǔ))These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.(as作賓語(yǔ))這些房子以人們期望的低價(jià)出售。He is not the same man as he was.他和過(guò)去不同了。(as作表語(yǔ))

注意：(1)such...as...(定語(yǔ)從句)像…… 那樣[來(lái)源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK] such...that...(狀語(yǔ)從句)如此……以至于…… This is such an easy question as I can answer.(定語(yǔ)從句)這是一個(gè)我能回答的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)題。This is such an easy question that I can answer it.(狀語(yǔ)從句)這是個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，我能回答。(2)the same...as...表示相似的東西 the same...that...表示同一人或物

This is the same knife as I lost.這把小刀和我丟的那把一樣。This is the same knife that I lost.這把小刀就是我丟的那一把。關(guān)系代詞as，which的區(qū)別

(1)as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有時(shí)還可插入主句中，而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能置于主句之后。相同的是兩者都可替代主句的整個(gè)內(nèi)容，而不是主句中的某一個(gè)詞。The weather turned out to be very good，which was more than we could expect.(2)當(dāng)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句放在主句前面時(shí)，只能用as。

As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.＝The moon travels round the earth once every month，as/which is known to everybody.＝It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.＝What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.后兩句屬名詞性從句范疇。[來(lái)源:Z§xx§k.Com](3)as意為“正如……”，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等；which意為“這一點(diǎn)”。

As is known to all，Edison invented the telephone.＝Edison invented the telephone，as is known to all.使用定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題

(1)當(dāng)先行詞是way，意為“方式，方法”，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，則引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有以下三種： 我不喜歡他說(shuō)話的方式。(2)注意區(qū)別先行詞和引導(dǎo)詞。①Is this＋名詞＋the one ＋that從句 ②Is this the＋名詞＋that從句

(3)當(dāng)先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)注意引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分。

Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in Qingdao？你還記得我們一起在青島度過(guò)的日子嗎？ Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao? 你還記得我們?cè)谇鄭u過(guò)暑假的日子嗎？

(4)當(dāng)先行詞為case，point，position，situation等詞且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他們已經(jīng)到了必須彼此分手的地步。定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與先行詞保持一致

當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，那么定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)的形式應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。

(1)one of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋關(guān)系代詞＋復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞

He is one of the students who pass the exam.(2)the only one of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋關(guān)系代詞＋單數(shù)動(dòng)詞 He is the only one of the students who passes the exam.他是唯一通過(guò)考試的學(xué)生。

(3)其他情況

I，who am your teacher，will try my best to help you.我，你的老師，將盡力幫你。

Have you heard of the persons and things that are being talked about？你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)正在被談?wù)摰倪@些人和事嗎？ 1． It’s helpful to put children in a situation________they can see themselves differently.A．that B．when D．where C．which

【解析】 句意為：把孩子放在一個(gè)能使他們從另外一個(gè)角度認(rèn)識(shí)自己的環(huán)境中對(duì)他們有益。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是situation，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：They can see themselves differently in_the_situation.由此可見(jiàn)，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞；而when表“時(shí)間”，不合本題要求，只有where符合本題要求。【答案】 D 2． Whenever I met her，________was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.A．who B．which D．that C．when

【解析】 此處考查which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：無(wú)論何時(shí)我遇見(jiàn)她，她都會(huì)一如既往地向我 微笑。【答案】 B 3． The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A．in it B．in D．in which C．in that

【解析】 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知house后面有一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而且定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞已經(jīng)省略，那么該引導(dǎo)詞一定在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以此空中要填介詞in，且其后不能再有賓語(yǔ)。【答案】 B 4． Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.A．of which B．with which C．a(chǎn)bout which

D．into which 【解析】 句意為：槍支的控制是在美國(guó)爭(zhēng)論了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的一個(gè)話題。此題考查“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為subject，帶入定語(yǔ)從句后為：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作about的賓語(yǔ)，介詞about提前，故用關(guān)系代詞which。【答案】 C 5． A person________e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A．who

C．whose

B．whom D．whoever 【解析】 句意為：一個(gè)人的電子郵件賬戶滿了，就不能收發(fā)任何郵件了。此題考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為a person，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：whose e-mail account is full.由此可見(jiàn)，whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，是形容詞性的，修飾名詞。who作主語(yǔ)；whom作賓語(yǔ)；whoever連接代詞，“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句或狀語(yǔ)從句。【答案】 C 6． She brought with her three friends，none of________I had ever met before.A．them B．who D．these C．whom

【解析】

句意為：她帶了3個(gè)朋友過(guò)來(lái)，沒(méi)有一個(gè)是我曾經(jīng)見(jiàn)過(guò)的。此題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是her three friends，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介詞后指人時(shí)用關(guān)系代詞whom。

【答案】 C

7． My friend showed me round the town，________was very kind of him.A．which

C．where

B．that D．it 【解析】 句意為：我的朋友真不錯(cuò)，他帶我繞城轉(zhuǎn)了一圈。本題was缺少主語(yǔ)，排除where；it不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，排除it；that不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，排除that。[來(lái)源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)] 【答案】 A 8．I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A．which

C．how

B．where D．why 【解析】

句意為：我已經(jīng)到了應(yīng)該自己作決定的那個(gè)人生階段。where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞point。【答案】 B 9． They’ve won their last three matches，________I find a bit surprising actually.A．that

C．what B．when

D．which 【解析】 句意為：他們已經(jīng)贏得了最后三場(chǎng)比賽，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這確實(shí)有點(diǎn)令人驚訝。考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是前面整個(gè)句子，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作find的賓語(yǔ)。【答案】 D 10．Because of the financial crisis，days are gone________local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A．if B．when D．since C．which

【解析】 句意為：由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，在當(dāng)?shù)匚逍羌?jí)酒店住一個(gè)晚上就要6 000元的日子一去不復(fù)返了。when local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night作days的定語(yǔ)，關(guān)系副詞when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。【答案】 B 11． Many youth went to the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum on Nov.16,2009，________US President Barack Obama delivered a speech during his four-day state visit.A．which

C．where

B．in that D．that 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum。【答案】 C

12． “You’ll have to wait for two hours，________is，about 11∶30，________the medical report will come out，” the doctor said to me.A．that；when

C．that；before B．which；that D．which；when 【解析】 考查插入語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)從句的用法。that is是插入語(yǔ)，意思是“也就是”；when引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的時(shí)間11∶30。【答案】 A 13．I don’t like the way________he often uses to speak to me.A．in which

C．which

B．how D．what[來(lái)源:Z*xx*k.Com] 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞way，而且which在從句中作uses的賓語(yǔ)。【答案】 C 14． John，________money is no problem，still leads a simple life.A．for whose

C．of whom B．of whose D．for whom 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。可以把定語(yǔ)從句部分變化成“Money is no problem for John”，這樣便不難看出用介詞for＋關(guān)系代詞whom(指代John)來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。【答案】 D 15．Nowadays，when people talk about magicians，the first one________comes into their mind is Liu Qian.A．whom C．that

B．which D．what 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空缺處應(yīng)填一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞且該關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)且指人，先行詞前有the first修飾，所以選that。【答案】 C 16． He didn’t put the things________they belonged，for________he got his punishment.A．which；that C．that；whose B．what；this D．where；which 【解析】 考查復(fù)合句。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看前半句中的從句是狀語(yǔ)從句表示放東西的地方，因此使用where引導(dǎo)；后半句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，使用which指代前面整個(gè)句子的意思，這是which的典型用法。【答案】 D

17． All the neighbors admire this family，________the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.[來(lái)源:學(xué)_科_網(wǎng)] A．why B．where D．that C．which

【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：所有的鄰居都羨慕這個(gè)家庭，在這個(gè)家庭里父母和子女建立了和諧的關(guān)系。where在此處相當(dāng)于in which，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為this family。【答案】 B 18．Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations________appear in the working world.A．where C．that

B．when D．what 【解析】 本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：找到工作的年輕人也許會(huì)意識(shí)到大學(xué)的功課不足以應(yīng)對(duì)工作中的所有情況。先行詞是the situation，代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：The situations appear in the working world。【答案】 C 19． This term the students in our province are studying a new course called Life Guidance，________covers possible real life issues.A．whose

C．that

B．which D．what 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。which在句中引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Life Guidance。cover覆蓋，涉及。【答案】 B 10． All________is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A．what is needed B．for our needs C．the thing needed

D．that is needed 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：現(xiàn)在所需要的是基本生活必需品的不斷的供應(yīng)。在該句中，主語(yǔ)部分含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是all，在主句中作主語(yǔ)，因此要用關(guān)系代詞that。all that is needed＝what is needed。【答案】 D 11．As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many areas，________，I am sure，will benefit the people out of work.A．which

C．what B．that D．where 【解析】 考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。which引導(dǎo)的從句修飾前面整個(gè)句子，I am sure為插入語(yǔ)。【答案】 A 12． The days are gone________we studied together at college，but I can still remember your lovely voice.A．which C．that

B．in which D．when 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the days，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。【答案】 D

13．________is often the case with elder people，my grandma talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.A．That C．As B．Which D．It 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。as此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代后面的內(nèi)容。as意為“正如”。【答案】 C 14． Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents________students got injured or killed while in school.A．in which

B．for which C．which

D．when 【解析】 該題考查從句。該句中的which是引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞accidents。句意為“由于學(xué)生在學(xué)校受傷或死亡的不斷報(bào)道，學(xué)校安全成為一個(gè)重要問(wèn)題”。【答案】 A 15．Everyone has periods in their lives________everything seems very hard.A．when

C．which

B．where D．that 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系副詞when指代先行詞periods，且在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于during which。【答案】 A

16．(2011·天津十校聯(lián)考)Patience，without________you can’t do the work well，is a kind of quality.A．that

B．it

C．which

D．what 解析： 句意為：耐心是一種品質(zhì)。沒(méi)有了耐心，你不能做好工作。此處考查了定語(yǔ)從句中“介詞＋which”的情況，which指代的是先行詞patience。

答案： C 17． The owner wanted to charge $5,000 for his car，________I managed to lower to $3,500.A．since

C．which

B．what D．that 解析： 關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中充當(dāng)lower 的賓語(yǔ)，而that不能引導(dǎo)非限性定語(yǔ)從句。

答案： C 18．(2011·安徽合肥第一次質(zhì)檢)I still can’t believe my eyes when I remember the scene________the best player should miss the pass.A．that

C．where

B．which D．how 解析： where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞scene，where在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。句意為：當(dāng)我記起當(dāng)時(shí)那個(gè)最好的選手沒(méi)有過(guò)關(guān)時(shí)，我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信我的眼睛。

答案： C 19．(2011·北京東城期末目標(biāo)檢測(cè))________was reported in the paper，people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.A．It

C．As

B．That D．What 解析： 選擇定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞的關(guān)鍵是：在主句中找出先行詞。該句中定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是后面的整個(gè)句子people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.答案： C 20．(2011·青島聯(lián)合模擬)China’s new food law provides for a food recall system ________producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards.A．where

C．when

B．that D．which 解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：中國(guó)新的食品法規(guī)定了食品召回制度，即如果食品達(dá)不到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，生產(chǎn)者就必須停止生產(chǎn)。先行詞為a food recall system，定語(yǔ)從句為producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards(in the food recall system)，故選A。

答案： A 21． Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning，________we think will benefit us in the long term.A．what

B．that

C．which

D．who 解析： 本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。本題屬于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句意可知關(guān)系代詞指代a good habit of learning，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此選擇which。

答案： C 22．(2011·福建龍巖檢測(cè))Remember that there is still one point________we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.A．where

C．when

B．why D．that 解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。解定語(yǔ)從句題的關(guān)鍵是：在主句中找出先行詞，該句的先行詞是one point，然后把先行詞“代入”從句中，判斷其在從句中的“地位”和“作用”，這里先行詞在從句中作make clear的賓語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，據(jù)此選D項(xiàng)。

答案： D 23．She’s in a hopeless situation，________we will keep a very close eye on.A．where

C．which

B．when D．that 解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的解題關(guān)鍵是：在主句中找出先行詞，該句的先行詞是a hopeless situation，然后把先行詞“代入”從句中，判斷其在從句中的“地位”和“作用”，此處關(guān)系詞在從句中作on的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)這里又是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，所以應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞which，選C項(xiàng)。

答案： C 24．I admire my English teacher.I can remember very few occasions ________she stopped working because of ill health.A．that

C．where

B．when D．which 解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意“我記得她很少因生病而停止工作”可知，定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，故用when。

答案： B 25．(2011·海南五校聯(lián)考)The moment________John will never forget is________Mr Smith gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.A．that；that

C．when；that

B．that；when D．when；when 解析： 考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。第一空用that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞The moment；第二空用when引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故答案為B。

答案： B 26．(2010·福建四地六校第三次聯(lián)考)I don’t like the way________he often uses to speak to me.A．in which

B．how

C．which

D．what 解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞way，而且which在從句中作uses的賓語(yǔ)。答案： C 27． John，________money is no problem，still leads a simple life.A．for whose

C．of whom

B．of whose D．for whom 解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。可以把定語(yǔ)從句部分變化成“Money is no problem for John”，這樣便不難看出用介詞for＋關(guān)系代詞whom(指代John)來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。

答案： D 28．(2010·蘇州模擬)He didn’t put the things________they belonged，for________he got his punishment.A．which；that

C．that；whose

B．what；this D．where；which 解析： 考查復(fù)合句。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看前半句中的從句是狀語(yǔ)從句表示放東西的地方，因此使用where引導(dǎo)；后半句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，使用which指代前面整個(gè)句子的意思，這是which的典型用法。

答案： D 29．(2010·浙江嘉興二模)All the neighbors admire this family，________the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.A．why

C．which

B．where D．that 解析： 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：所有的鄰居都羨慕這個(gè)家庭，在這個(gè)家庭里父母和子女建立了和諧的關(guān)系。where在此處相當(dāng)于in which，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為this family。

答案： B 30．(2010·日照二模)As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many areas，________，I am sure，will benefit the people out of work.A．which

C．what

B．that D．where 解析： 考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。which引導(dǎo)的從句修飾前面整個(gè)句子，I am sure為插入語(yǔ)。答案： A

第四篇：高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法倒裝總結(jié)全

倒 裝 句

倒裝的兩種考法：

1.放在單項(xiàng)選擇題中，考查考生的倒裝語(yǔ)法知識(shí)是否熟練掌握； 2.放在完形填空和閱讀理解中，設(shè)置理解障礙。倒裝的兩種形式：

1.完全倒裝： 將整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前。

2.部分倒裝：即半倒裝，將謂語(yǔ)的一部分即助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前。

一、完全倒裝

1】表方位的副詞here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off, over, back等標(biāo)志詞放在句首，句子用完全倒裝。【翻譯句子】

(1)車來(lái)了。Here comes the bus.(2)鈴響了。There goes the bell.(3)孩子們沖出來(lái)了。Out rushed the children.(4)那個(gè)男孩離開(kāi)了。Away went the boy.【疑難】 Here it is.In she came.Away he went.【疑難剖析】當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，主謂語(yǔ)序不變。

2】地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)放在句首且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為come, live, lie, go, sit, stand等時(shí)用完全倒裝。【完成例句】

(5)河的南面有一家小工廠。In south of the river lies a small factory.(6)山谷里傳來(lái)一聲喊叫。From the valley came a cry.3】 such, the following等放句首時(shí)，句子要完全倒裝。【翻譯句子】

(7)Such are the facts.情況就是如此。(8)生活就是這樣。Such is life.(9)The following is the answer to the question.這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案如下。4】There lie / exist / stand / live ＋主語(yǔ)＋…是there be 句型的變式 【翻譯句子】

(10)山頂上有一幢高樓。There is a tall building on the top of the mountain.(11)山頂上聳立著一座古塔。There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.5】“表語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。【例句觀察】

Present at the party were Mr.Green and many other guests.出席晚會(huì)的有格林先生，還有一些別的賓客。

Seated on the ground are a group of young men.坐在地上的是一群年輕人。【注意】此時(shí)，主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，可還原為正常語(yǔ)序即：主＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語(yǔ)。

二、部分倒裝 將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、be提到主語(yǔ)前。(通常可以還原為正常的語(yǔ)序，并以此檢驗(yàn)倒裝句是否正確。)1】含有否定意義的副詞或短語(yǔ)如：few, little, never, not, nowhere, rarely, seldom, at no time, by no means, in no case等放在句首時(shí)，需用部分倒裝。【翻譯句子】

(12)Little does he know about the news.他對(duì)這消息知之甚少。

(13)By no means can he catch up in such a short time.他根本不可能在這么短的時(shí)間里趕上來(lái)。【疑難1】

He is active in personality, and he seldom stays indoors.(無(wú)助動(dòng)詞)He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors.(添加does)【疑難剖析1】若原句中沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞，必須根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的具體時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)確定相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞do, does 或did。【完成例句】

(14)— 我有大量的工作要做。

— I've got an enormous amount of work to do.— 我也是。—So have I.(15)他，和他全家人一樣，相信你是無(wú)辜的。

He believed, as did all his family, that you were innocent.(16)如果她不同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃，Tom也不會(huì)同意。If she doesn?t agree to the plan, neither will Tom.2】so / as / neither / nor 為標(biāo)志詞放在句首時(shí)，句子用倒裝。

①表示前面所說(shuō)的肯定情況，也適合于另一人或物時(shí)，句式如下： so / as ＋ be(助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)＋ 主語(yǔ)。

②表示前面所說(shuō)的否定情況也適合于另一人或物時(shí)，句式如下： neither(nor)＋ be(助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)＋ 主語(yǔ)。

【特別提醒】

① “so ＋主語(yǔ)＋助動(dòng)詞(或be動(dòng)詞)”表示對(duì)上文肯定的內(nèi)容加以肯定或贊同，意為“的確如此”；

— It's raining hard.天下著大雨。

— So it is.是的。

② “主語(yǔ)＋did ＋so”表示：“主語(yǔ)”這樣做了。例如：

Tom asked me to go to play football with him and I did so.Tom要我去踢足球，我去了。

3】①“only ＋ 狀語(yǔ)(或狀語(yǔ)從句)”放在句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝。

②only之后跟的不是狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不可倒裝。【完成例句】

(17)你只有用這種方法才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。Only in this way can you learn English well.(18)只有他有時(shí)間的話他才會(huì)來(lái)。Only if he has time will he come here.(19)他被請(qǐng)了3次才來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)。Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.(20)Only that boy can work out the problem.只有那個(gè)男孩才能解答出這個(gè)問(wèn)題。(21)Only socialism can save China.只有社會(huì)主義才能救中國(guó)。4】在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中，從句謂語(yǔ)有助動(dòng)詞were, had, should時(shí)，可將if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首。【翻譯句子】

(22)如果我是你，我就不會(huì)那樣做。Were I you, I wouldn't do that.【特別提醒】

①若從句是否定句，則必須將 not放在主語(yǔ)后。② had必須是助動(dòng)詞。

5】在 “so…that” 和 “ such…that”結(jié)構(gòu)中，將“so＋adj.”和“such＋n.”提到句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝。【完成例句】

(23)暴風(fēng)雨如此厲害，整個(gè)屋頂都被吹掉了。

So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown off.(24)杰克是如此聰明的孩子，他能解答所有這些難題。

Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.6】often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every the other day, then等狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，句子部分倒裝。【完成例句】

以前我經(jīng)常提到他。

Often did I speak of him.他常常幫助我做實(shí)驗(yàn)。

Many a time has he helped me with my experiment.7】在not…until…, no sooner…than…, scarcely/hardly…when, not only…but also…, neither…nor…,等否定詞開(kāi)頭的句式中。【完成例句】

約翰知道昨天才改變了主意

Not until yesterday did John change his mind.她一坐下，電話就響了。

Hardly had she sat down when the phone rang.他沒(méi)去拜訪她，他也不會(huì)這樣做。

Neither has he called on her,nor will he do so.她不但說(shuō)的正確，而且說(shuō)的流利。

Not only did she speak correctly, but also she spoke fluently.8】當(dāng)as /though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可出現(xiàn)“N/adj/adv/分詞+as +S+V”或“V+as+S+助動(dòng)詞”的倒裝形式。當(dāng)表語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，名詞前不加任何冠詞。【完成例句】

盡管他們很勇敢，但這樣的危險(xiǎn)仍使他們感到畏懼。Brave as they were, the danger made them afraid.盡管他是孩子，但是他知道的很多。Child as he is, he knows a lot of things.雖然嘗試了，但是她打不開(kāi)門(mén)。

Try as she might, she couldn?t get the door open.8】當(dāng)may 放句首，表達(dá)祝愿時(shí)，句子倒裝。May you succeed.

第五篇：高中文言文倒裝句式

《高中文言文倒裝句式》總結(jié)講解

高中文言文倒裝句式包含：主謂倒裝 賓語(yǔ)前置 定語(yǔ)后置 介詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)后置)現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)的句子成分的順序，一般為“主─謂─賓”“定（狀）─中心詞”，但在文言文中，在一定條件下，句子成分的順序會(huì)發(fā)生變化的，這就是古漢語(yǔ)中的所謂倒裝句，即指文言文中一些句子成分的順序出現(xiàn)了前后顛倒的情況。主要有以下幾種表現(xiàn)形式：

(一)主謂倒裝

古漢語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)的位置也和現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中一樣，一般放在主語(yǔ)之后，但有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)和突出謂語(yǔ)的意義，在一些疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中，就把謂語(yǔ)提前到主語(yǔ)前面。如：“甚矣，汝之不惠！”（《愚公移山》）實(shí)際上是“汝之不惠甚矣！”

(二)賓語(yǔ)前置

文言文中，動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，一般置于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后，但在一定條件下，賓語(yǔ)會(huì)前置，其條件是： 第一、疑問(wèn)句中，疑問(wèn)代詞作賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)前置。

這類句子，介詞的賓語(yǔ)也是前置的。如：“沛公安在？”（《史記．項(xiàng)羽本記》）這種類型的句子關(guān)鍵是作賓語(yǔ)的疑問(wèn)代詞（像：誰(shuí)、何、奚、曷、胡、惡、安、焉等）。值得注意的是，介詞“以”的賓語(yǔ)比較活躍，即使不是疑問(wèn)代詞，也可前置。如：“余是以記之，以俟觀人風(fēng)者得焉。”（柳宗元《捕蛇者說(shuō)》）其中的“是”是一般代詞，但也前置了。

第二、文言否定句中，代詞作賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)前置。這類句子有兩點(diǎn)要注意，一是否定句（一般句中必須有“不”、“未”“毋”、“無(wú)”、“莫”等否定詞）；二是代詞作賓語(yǔ)。如：“時(shí)人莫之許也。”（陳壽《三國(guó)志．諸葛亮傳》）正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是“時(shí)人莫許之也。” 第三、用“之”或“是”把賓語(yǔ)提前取動(dòng)詞前，以突出強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)。這時(shí)的“之”只是賓語(yǔ)前置的標(biāo)志，沒(méi)什么實(shí)在意義。如：“句讀之不知，惑之不解。”（韓愈《師說(shuō)》）有時(shí)，還可在前置的賓語(yǔ)前加上一個(gè)范圍副詞“唯”，構(gòu)成“唯......是......”的格式。如：“唯利是圖”、“唯

命是從”等。第四、介詞賓語(yǔ)前置的情況除去第一種情況外，還有一種情況，就是方位詞、時(shí)間詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)也前置；例如：“業(yè)文南向坐。”（《史記．項(xiàng)羽本記》）意思是“業(yè)文面向南坐。”

(三)定語(yǔ)后置

文言文中，定語(yǔ)的位置一般也在中心詞前邊，但有時(shí)為了突出，中心詞的地位，強(qiáng)調(diào)定語(yǔ)所表現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容，或使語(yǔ)氣流暢，往往把定語(yǔ)放在中心詞之后，并用“者”結(jié)句，形成“中心詞＋后置定語(yǔ)＋者”或“中心詞＋之＋后置定語(yǔ)＋者”的形式。如：“求人可使報(bào)秦者，未得。”（《史記．廉頗藺相如列傳》）以及：“石之鏗然有聲者，所在皆是也。”（蘇軾《石鐘山記》）等。應(yīng)注意的是，文言文中定語(yǔ)后置只限于表示修飾關(guān)系的句子，表領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系的定語(yǔ)則不后置。

(四)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)后置

介詞結(jié)構(gòu)即介賓短語(yǔ)，文言文中常見(jiàn)的是用“以”、“于”組成的介賓短語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)后置有以下

幾種情況：

第一、用介詞“于”組成的介賓短語(yǔ)在文言文中大都處在補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的位置，譯成現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，除少數(shù)仍作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)外，大多數(shù)都要移到動(dòng)詞前作狀語(yǔ)。

如：“青，取之于藍(lán)，而青于藍(lán)。”（荀子《勸學(xué)》）兩個(gè)“于藍(lán)”在翻譯時(shí)，都要放在動(dòng)詞前

做狀語(yǔ)。

第二、介詞“以”組成的介賓短語(yǔ)，在今譯時(shí)，一般都作狀語(yǔ)。

如：“具告以事。”（《史記．項(xiàng)羽本記》）即“以事具告。”這種句子往往是承前省略了動(dòng)詞

賓語(yǔ)，實(shí)際就是“以事具告（之）。” 還有一種要注意，介詞“乎”組成的介賓短語(yǔ)在補(bǔ)語(yǔ)位置時(shí)，在翻譯時(shí)，可視情況而定其成分。如：“生乎吾前，其聞道也固先乎吾。”（韓愈《師說(shuō)》）句子中的“生乎吾前”既可譯為“在我的前面出生”，作狀語(yǔ)，又可譯為“生在我的前面”，作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，一般來(lái)說(shuō)仍作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，而“固先

乎吾”的“乎吾”則一定要作狀語(yǔ)。

文言文倒裝句式做題三技巧：

技巧一：

用 “是”或“之”作為提賓標(biāo)志。技巧二：否定句中代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)前置。高中文言文中常見(jiàn)的否定詞：不、莫、勿、弗、未 高中文言文中常見(jiàn)的代詞：之、余、吾、已、自、汝、爾

技巧三：

在疑問(wèn)句中疑問(wèn)代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)前置。

高中文言文中疑問(wèn)代詞有“誰(shuí)、曷、惡、安、焉、何、奚、孰、胡”等。