第一篇：高考英語模擬試題答案

高考考生很多人分析英語閱讀理解模擬試題難度的相對較少,更沒人對閱讀理解文本難度進行多因素分析。以下是小編為大家搜集整理提供到的高考英語模擬試題答案，希望對您有所幫助。歡迎閱讀參考學習！

第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。

第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.What do we learn from the conversation?

A.There will be a math exam tomorrow

B.Today is the man’s birthday

C.The man doesn’t like math exams

2.What colour is the woman’s dress?

A.Blue B.White C.Black

3.When did the man’s daughter set a new world record?

A.In 1999 B.In 2005 C.In 2009

4.What does he man mean?

A.He moved the desk alone

B.He had some classmates move the desk

C.His classmates helped him move he desk

5.What time is it now?

A.3:10 B.3:15 C.4:10

第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段對話，回答第6、7題。

6.Who might the man be?

A.A waiter B.The woman’s friend C.The woman’s husband

7.Where was the wallet found?

A.In the restroom B.At the cash desk C.On the table

聽第7段對話，回答第8、9小題。

8.What are those children like?

A.Shy B.Active C.Selfish

9.Why does the woman have to leave?

A.Because her children are ill

B.Because her parents are in poor health

C.Because her friends made her leave

聽第8段對話，回答第10至12題。

10.What happened to the man?

A.He got up late in the morning

B.He stayed up all night reading

C.He felt asleep while reading

11.What makes the man sleepy when reading?

A.He doesn’t like reading

B.He didn’t sleep well last night

C.He doesn’t understand the meaning of the book

12.What may help to better understand a book?

A.Find the main idea first

B.Skip the difficult parts of the book

C.Recite the details of the book

聽第9段對話，回答第13至16題。

13.Where does the conversation take place?

A.At a party B.In a shop C.In a game room

14.Whose birthday is coming?

A.The man’s

B.The woman’s brother’s

C.The woman’s son’s

15.How much does the woman plan to spend?

A.$ 50 B.$ 30 C.$ 20

16.What does the woman choose at last?

A.A book about PC games

B.A magic car

C.A pencil-box

聽第10段對話，回答第17至20題。

17.Who is the man talking to ?

A.His students B.His parents C.His children

18.Why was the man’s mother mad at him?

A.He didn’t become a doctor

B.He painted everywhere in the house

C.He was crazy about taking photos

19.What is the man’s father?

A.A painter B.A doctor C.A photographer

20.What do we learn about the man?

A.He gave up his dream because of his mother

B.He feels extremely regretful

C.He still paints as a hobby

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分40分)

第一節(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡該項涂黑。

A

Public events at the Library of Congress

The Library of Congress offers these events to the public at its Washingtonlocation free of charge, except where otherwise noted.Schedules are subject to change.Check back to this site for the latest information.Individuals requiring accommodation for this event are requested to submit a request at least five business days in advance by contacting(202)707-6362 or ADA@loc.gov.Exhibition-World War I: American Artists View the Great War

8:30 am-4:30 pm

An exhibition showing how American artists aroused public interest in World War I will open next month at the Library of Congress.“World War I: American Artists View the Great War” will open on Saturday, April 7 in the Graphic Arts Galleries on the ground floor of the Library’s Thomas Jefferson Building.The exhibition is free and is open to the public Monday through Saturday, 8:30 am to 4:30 pm.It will remain open for a year, closing on April 6,2018.Location: JeffersonBuilding, ground floor, ThomasJeffersonBuilding

Contact:(202)707-60

21Event-“Presidential Inauguration Treasures”

10:00 am—3:30 pm

The two-week display on inaugurations(就職典禮), at the Library of Congress, will feature presidential treasures: the handwritten speeches of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln and collections on the lighter side: menus, dance cards and souvenirs.The display will include newspapers, film clips, a demonstration of online resources and a challenging presidential history quiz.The display is free and open to the public

Location: Mahogany Row A(LJ113), 1st floor, ThomasJeffersonBuilding

Concert—Jordi Savall and Hesperion XXI

8:00 pm—10:30 pm

Early music star Jordi Savall gathers exceptional performers, classical and traditional, to show the rich musical history of “La Serenissima” over a thousand years of empire(帝國)

* PRE-CONCERT CONVERSATION 6:30 PM-Whittall Pavilion(no tickets required)*

Location: Coolidge Auditorium, ground floor, ThomasJeffersonBuilding

Contact:(202)707-5502

21.According to thee article, the public events at the Library of Congress_____.A.are all free and open to the public throughout the year

B.are presented in various forms like exhibitions and shows

C.are only available for local residents of Washington

D.have to be booked at least five days in advance

22.Which of the following is TRUE about the exhibition about World War 1?

A.It is available to visitors seven day a week

B.It could help the public get a better understanding of World War 1

C.American artists will be present at the exhibition to interact with visitors

D.Visitors interested in it can contact(202)707-2922 for more information

23.Fans of ancient music are most likely to enjoy events held at_____.A.JeffersonBuilding, ground floor.ThomasJeffersonBuilding

B.Mahogany Row A(LJ113), 1st floor, ThomasJeffersonBuilding

C.JeffersonBuilding, 1st floor, ThomasJeffersonBuilding

D.Coolidge Auditorium, ground floor, ThomasJeffersonBuilding

B

One day, I was teaching my daughter how to paint I saw that a lot of her energy went into dipping(蘸)her brush into the paint, and then into a bowl of water.But then most of the paint that was on the brush would just disappear in the water.As an impatient mother, I was thinking, “ I am trying to teach you how to paint on paper and what are you doing? This is not what you are supposed to do.You have to do this way.”

But she is three years old so she is probably not going to bother(操心)doing it the right way.She had so much fun dipping the brush in the paint and in the water bowl.Pretty much within an hour, most of the paint was all over the room and I just sat there with my hands on my head thinking, “Oh my god, this girl is hopeless.” Soon after, however, she shouted, “Mama, when I mix pink and blue, it turns purple!”

I was surprised.While I was thinking that she was wasting perfectly good paint and paper, she actually learned something.What would have been a very theoretical(理論的)experiment turned into a very practical experiment.I am a designer and work with software(軟件)like Photoshop and IIIustrator.When my daughter sees me work on the computer, she is always very curious and she wants to work with me on the same thing that I do.She starts to mess with buttons, and in that process, sometimes lands up teaching me things!There will be many times when she will find something new.I will ask her how, and she will tell me, “I pressed this, and I pressed this, and then this happened.”

One of the things I realized from this is that everyone has a different way of learning things.When I was growing up, I related to literature(文學)very well, so everything that was turned into a story became my way of learning and understanding different concepts(概念).Some kids understand through art, some understand through math and games, and it’s the job of a parent or a teacher to watch and discover how children learn and try their best to make these experiences educational.24.How did the writer feel at the beginning?

A.Upset and unsatisfied B.Relaxed and patient

C.Energetic and supportive D.Interesed curious

25.In Paragraph 3, the author was surprised because her daughter______.A.got a new color by mixing pink and blue

B.learned to paint by herself

C.wasted so much paint

D.learned something she hadn’t expected

26.With Paragraph 4, the author aims to show that_____.A.kids enjoy acting as teachers to adults

B.adults usually don’t respect kids enough

C.her daughter learns through experimenting

D.kids love to copy what adults do

27.To help children learn more from their experience, the writer suggests parents and teachers_____

A.join with their children to play

B.get their children to read stories

C.learn from their children in daily life

D.find on the ways their children learn

C

French writher Frantz Fanon once said : “To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture.” Since the world changes every day, so does our language.More than 300 new words and phrases have recently made it into the online Oxford Dictionary, and in one way or another they are all reflections of today’s changing world.After a year that was politically unstable, it’s not hard to understand the fact that people’s political views are one of the main drives of our expanding vocabulary.One example is “clicktivism”, a compound(合成詞)of “click” and “activism.” It refers to “armchair activists(鍵盤俠)-people who support a political or social cause, but only show their support from behind a computer or smartphone.And “otherize” is a verb for “other”that means to alienate(使疏遠)people who are different from ourselves—whether that be different skin color, religious belief or sexuality.“We had all the words around Brexit(脫歐)in the last and we are now starting to see all the words around Trump coming into the dictionary,” Angus Stevenson, Oxford Dictionaries’ head of content development, told The Guardian.Lifestyle is also changing our language.For example, “fitspiration”–a compound of “fit” and “inspiration”—refers to a person or thing that encourages one to exercise and stay fit and healthy.The phrase “climate refugee”–someone who is forced to leave their home due to climate change—reflects people’s concern for the environment.According to Stevenson, social media was the main source for the new expressions, “People feel much freer to cointheir own words these days,” he said.But still, not all newly-invented words get the chance to make their way into a mainstream(主流的)dictionary.If you want to create your own hit words.Stevenson’s suggestion is that you should not only make sure that they are expressive(有表現力的)and meaningful, but also have an attractive sound so that people will enjoy saying them out loud.28.What is the article mainly about?

A.Some new words that got included into the online Oxford Dictionary

B.The application of new words and phrases

C.How a language mirrors the changing world

D.The impact of social media on our language

29.With the mention of Brexit and Trump, the author intends to_____.A.inform the reader of the origin of the word “clicktivism”

B.show the influences of current affairs on the English language

C.highlight two major political events that changed the world

D explain what kind of new words can make it into a dictionary

30.The underlined word “coin” in the second-to-last paragraph probably means_____.A.use B.record C.change D.create

31.How is the article mainly written?

A.By giving examples

B.By making comparisons

C.By following a timeline

D.By presentingresearch findings.D

Students who applied(申請)for Early Action or Early Decision with overseas colleges should now have a reply.Those who applied through an Early program received one of three possible responses: Accepted, Rejected(拒絕)or Deferred(延遲).It’s easy to understand the first two, but many students and parents are confused by a deferral.Common questions are: “What does it mean?” and “What should I do?”

High school student Emily Castellano’s application was deferred by North CarolinaStateUniversity, but she had already been accepted at UNC Wilmington and Appalachian State, and those were two of her top choices.Her mother, Karen Castellano, said she wasn’t really surprised, knowing how competitive(競爭的)N.C.State is.“Emily was somewhat disappointed but took it in her stride,” she said.“The deferral shows her the importance of having an open mind to allow for a variety of(多樣的)opportunities.”

Jillian Jacobson was deferred by BostonCollege, her first choice.Being deferred means that colleges want to compare your application with those they receive during the regular decision(錄取的)period.So how did Jillian handle the deferral and what are her next steps?

“A deferral was painful for me.It wasn’t a ‘no’, it wasn’t a ‘yes’---it was a ‘not now’,” she said.“At first, I didn’t think there was anything I could do,” she added.“But I love BostonCollege so I decided it was worth pulling out all the stops.”

Jillian emailed the admissions representative(招生官)to confirm her continued interest, and she is now writing an additional(額外的)essay about why Boston College is the perfect fit for her.She even plans to visit the college once more in the spring.Jillian said that she was optimistic(樂觀的)because“my application will re-enter theirregularadmission pool to be viewed with a new set of eyes.Applying during Early Action gives your application two opportunities to be reviewed.”

32.The main purpose of the article is to ____________.A.explain what a deferral means and how to deal with it

B.inform readers of the advantages of applying for Early Action

C.advise students to apply early for their favorite colleges

D.share some successful cases in the deferral process

33.The underlined phrase “took it in her stride” in Paragraph 4 means _________.A.had deep faith in something

B.behaved in an anxious manner

C.dealt with something unpleasant calmly

D.showed no interest toward something

34.According to the article, a deferral means that _________.A.an applicant has been kicked out of the regular admission pool

B.a college is half-way on deciding whether an applicant is qualified

C.an applicant has missed the chance to enter his or her dream college

D.an applicant has to refuse invitations from other colleges

35.After Jillian Jacobson received the deferral notice, she ___________.A.wrote an email to complain to the admission officers

B.visited the campus again to get familiar with the college

C.started working on an essay to explain her intention to apply

D.asked her application to be viewed by a new set of officers

第二節(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)

根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Swimming at the beach or in a backyard pool are well-known Australian summer activities.But while it is usually a fun time of year, there is a serious side to summer that you might not know about.36._____There are lots of trees and dry grass in remote areas that can easily catch fire.Even throwing a burning cigarette out of a car window can cause a lot of damage.37._______.In February, there were more than 80 different bushfires burning at the same time in New South Wales, a southeastern state of Australia.The Guardian newspaper reported that 42 homes were burned to the ground because of these fires.38.___________They are huge farms.Many Australian properties(房產)are larger than 1,000 sq km, while the biggest is more than 20,000 sq km---even larger than Beijing.Every household prepares for bushfire season and protects their property.But sometimes the fires are too big and people have to move to safety.39._________ It was so hot in February that thousands of bats died from the heat.People can get sick if they stay outside for too long or don’t drink enough water.The heat can also cause power problems for homes and businesses.40._________But it is worth remembering that the heat can cause lots of problems, too.A.The Australian summer is enjoyable.B.The hot weather also causes other problems.C.These homes are not like Chinese ones.D.Thanks to climate change, this year’s situation is even worse.E.That is why summer is also known as ‘bushfire season” in Australia

F.The dry season lasts about six months, usually between April and October.G.The extreme heat, which can go above 40 C in some cities, is very dangerous.第三部分：英語知識運用(共兩節，滿分45分)

第一節完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡該項涂黑。

In Texas, we have a lot of towns with cool names.There is41 a town named Cool.And Valentine.Yes, Valentine.How cool is that? 42 in February.But where did that name come from?

The story 43 that in 1882, a railroad crew had finished laying the tracks to where a water and fuel depot(庫房)would be needed.It was Valentine’s Day, so they 44 the depot Valentine.It was also the name of one of their managers, so the name has double 45.Valentine is halfway between Los Angeles and New Orleans—almost 1000 miles from 46---deep in the Heart of West Texas.Valentine never got very 47.The town’s mayor, Jesus Calderon, says that the population is about 180 these days.Calderon has been mayor there for 40 years.48 being mayor, he taught in the valentine IndependentSchool District for many decades.49 knows valentine like Calderon.He says there is no gas station, no ATM, and no crime.The school, K-12, has about 40 50.Some years, only five or six graduate from high school.One year, not too long ago, two 51.Lisa Morton, who grew up there, says that her sister graduated alone.You might think that must have been a 52 event.But according to Lisa, “the whole town came out to 53 her big day.”

Well, the town isn’t so small that it doesn’t have a 54.And in February, they are 55 than Santa’s elves on Christmas Eve.This time of year, they receive thousands of 56 to be re-mailed with the Valentine postage stamp.The cards 57 from all over the US and as many as 30 foreign countries.Each year, there is a design contest at the school and the 58 has their“love logo” chosen as that year’s stamp.Imagine that.You can 59 your Valentine a Valentine from Valentine.Can’t get much more 60 than that!

41.A.actually B.certainly C.possibly D.truly

42.A.Naturally B.Especially C.Probably D.Simply

43.A.ends B.goes C.means D.suggests

44.A.visited B.mentioned C.named D.noticed

45.A.purposes B.spellings C.origins D.records

46.A.one B.each C.all D.neither

47.A.big B.distant C.lucky D.small

48.A.Far from B.Thanks to C.Because of D.In addition to

49.A.Anybody B.Everybody C.Nobody D.Somebody

50.A.visitors B.branches C.teaches D.students

51.A.complained B.disappeared C.graduated D.returned

52.A.funny B.lonely C.foolish D.great

53.A.celebrate B.examine C.discuss D.protest

54.A.festival B.stamp C.school D.post office

55.A.busier B.cleverer C.happier D.stranger

56.A.cards B.bills C.books D.flowers

57.A.collect B.come C.develop D.result

58.A.member B.organizer C.partner D.winner

59.A.count B.find C.send D.turn

60.A.careful B.nervous C.obvious D.romantic

第二節(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

My doorbell rings at 11 am.On the step, I find an elderly Chinese lady holding the hand of a little boy.In her other hand 61(be)a paper bag.She is the little boy’s grandmother, and her daughter, Nicole, bought 62 house next door last October.Nicole has 63(obvious)told her mother that I am having a heart operation shortly, and the result is that her mother has decided 64(supply)me with meals.Iknow what is inside the paper bag---a bottle of hot soup and a 65(contain)with a meal of rice, vegetables and meant.It’s become a daily occurrence.Communication 66 us is somewhat difficult because she doesn’t speak English and all I can say in Chinese is hello.Once, she brought an iPad as well as the food.She pointed to the screen, 67 showed at message from her daughter telling me that her mother wanted to know 68 the food was all right for me.So here we are, two grandmothers, neither of 68(we)able to speak the other’s language but communicating one way or another(with some help from technology).The doorbell keeps 70(ring)and there is the familiar brown paper bag, handed smilingly to me.第四部分寫作(共兩節，滿分35分)

第一節：短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

Dear Mr.Li,How is everything going with you?

I am writing to tell you the good news that I have already been admitting into BeijingUniversity in advance.Actual speaking, you are very person I should first say thanks to.It is you who has helped to develop my interest in English.With your help, I would not be good at English.So my gratitude to you was beyond any description.BeijingUniversity is my dream place that I can enrich my knowledge and broaden my horizons.I am sure of that I will learn a lot there.I will also take part in all kinds of activity.I know you are always busy with your teaching work.Do take care of you.May you and your family be healthy and happy as well.Best wishes!

Yours,Li Hua

第二節書面表達(25分)

假如你是李華，英國漢語文化項目招募志愿者去支教，你作為申請的一名高中畢業生，寫一篇不少于100字的自我推薦文章，包括以下要點：

1.圍繞傳播中國文化，發揚國粹主題

2.為什么你要申請項目?

3.申請該項目的優勢是什么?

注意：開頭和結尾已經寫出，不計入總詞數。

Dear Sir/ Madam,My name is Li Hua, a high school graduated student.I would like to work as a volunteer for Chinese culture project in Britain.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours faithfully,Li Hua

2017高考英語模擬試題答案

第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)

1-5CACCC 6-10AABBC 11-15CABCC 16-20BABBC

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節，40分)

第一節(共15小題;每小題2分，共30分)

21-23BBD 24-27ADCD 28-31ABDA 32-35ACBC

第二節(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)

36-40GECBA

第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節，滿分45分)

第一節 完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，共30分)

41-45ABBCC 46-50BADCD 51-55CBADA 56-60ABDCD

第二節語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)

61.is 62.the 63.obviously 64.to supply 65.container

66.between 67.which 68.if/whether 69.us 70.ringing

第四部分寫作(共兩節，滿分35分)

第一節短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)

Dear Mr.Li,How is everything going with you?

I am writing to tell you the good news that I have already been admitting into BeijingUniversity in advance.admitted

Actual speaking, you are∧very person I should first say thanks to.It is you who has helped to develop my interest

Actually the have

in English.Withyour help, I would not be good at English.So my gratitude to you was beyond any description.Without is

BeijingUniversity is my dream place thatI can enrich my knowledge and broaden my horizons.I am sure of that

Where ﹨

I will learn a lot there.I will also take part in all kinds of activity.I know you are always busy with your teaching

activities

work.Do take care of you.May you and your family be healthy and happy as well.yourself

Best wishes!

Yours,Li Hua

第二節書面表達(滿分25分)

One Possible Version

Dear Sir/Madam,My name is Li Hua, a high school graduated student.I would like to work as a volunteer for Chinese culture project in Britain.Chinese culture project in Britain is a very important way for Chinese to convey Chinese culture and introduce national treasure to foreign people.I am g girl/boy of 18.With the great fluency in English and the burning passion for Chinese culture, I suppose I am qualified to be a volunteer for the project.Besides, I have a good communicative competence and I am considered to be an outgoing, reliable and helpful person.I promise I will do my best to fulfill the task required by the project.Now I formally apply for the job and Isincerely hope I can be accepted.Yours faithfully,Li Hua

第二篇：惠州音體美模擬英語試題答案

惠州市2014屆高三音體美模擬考試

英語試題答案

完形填空：

1-5 BCABD 6-10 ACDBC 11-15ADBCB

語法填空：

16.However17.which18.was injured19.better20.a

21.it22.impressed23.when24.of25.possibly

單詞拼寫錯誤、大小寫未區分不給分。

閱讀理解

26—30 CABCD31—35 CDBAB36—40 CADDB41—45 DCADA

信息匹配

46—50 CEFAB

基礎寫作：（One possible version）

In order to know more about the long history about our country, broaden our horizons, and inspire us to work hard, the History Museum of Huizhou City is opened to all the students and teachers in middle schools.The theme of this activity is to visit the history museum, and to pass the chinese culture down.And the museum is opened at 4:30 from May 16th to 19th free of charge.In the museum, everyone is required to behave well and politely.What’s more, the historical relics should be protected and cherished.讀寫任務：（One possible version）

Wang Dan and other people try their best to buy a train ticket and enjoy Spring Festival with their family.Although China has its largest rail and HSR networks, they can’t satisfy everyone’s necessity.The phenomenon has its own cultural background.Firstly, after a year working outside, Chinese particularly enjoy celebrating the Spring Festival with their family because they value family reunion.Secondly, it is comfortable and cheap for people to take a train to go back to their hometown.Finally, China has a large population working outside.Last October 1st Holiday, every student in our school wanted to go home.When I got to the bus station, all the tickets had been sold out.Having no choice, I had to stay at school for the night and went back home the next morning.It was not until then could I understand the trouble of buying a train ticket to go hometown for their Spring Festival.In my opinion, our government should take effective measures to help the people who want to have family reunion.On the one hand, more trains will be used during festivals or let them have a longer holiday.On the other hand, the government should encourage the people to spend their holidays in the working place.

第三篇：遼寧2012年高考模擬試題答案_5

遼寧2012年高考模擬試題答案

第Ⅰ卷 閱讀題

甲 必考題

一、現代文閱讀（9分，每小題3分）閱讀下面文字，完成1—3題。

文學，不可讓英雄缺席

如今，無論是電子傳媒還是紙質媒體，文藝作品中的英雄形象趨于單一，經濟英雄成為作家在商戰小說、反腐小說、官場小說還有其他現實題材作品里經常被塑造的人物，他們或多或少地帶有商品社會的印記，成為物化的財富象征。的確，文學藝術作品不能夠讓英雄缺席，英雄形象的塑造是每一位作家的必修課。然而，如果作家僅僅拿出這一類英雄形象，實在不能說他們代表了這個時代的文學高度。

當下的文學作品中樹立的英雄形象，讓讀者耳熟能詳的寥寥無幾。況且，就算是經濟英雄，也還構不成文學作品中典

型塑造的主流趨勢，他們是存在于經濟意義上的，文化價值結構單一。在相當多的文學作品中，非英雄化寫作還在繼續。作家著力塑造的主人公形象，不好不壞，不痛不癢，不高不低，不上不下，和現實生活中的大多數普通人一樣，所以就寫他的七情六欲，寫他的善惡混雜，寫他的渺小與低下，讓人不由得感嘆，當代文學藝術作品中英雄難得一見，凡夫俗子遍布其間。

在已有的英雄譜系中，體現了明顯的“族群化”傾向，是所謂的“經濟英雄”，他們是當代經濟社會的一面鏡子。也許，這些經濟英雄人格獨立，精神飽滿，具有濟世情懷，但是把他們放到整個當代文學人物譜系里，放到人類社會發展的長河里，這英雄的分量還嫌輕淺，不足以成為人們精神的楷模，道德的典范。

回顧百年歷史，一大批文化精英在中國現代化進程中領潮流之先。文學精英以其不可替代的重要性形成了深遠的歷史影響。魯迅、郭沫若、茅盾、巴金、老舍、曹禺等，在讀者的視野中從未走遠。他們的經典作品穿越時光長河，歷久彌新，鼓舞激勵了幾代人的成長。他們本身作為文化英雄，當之無愧；他們塑造的英雄形象，深入人心。社會需要回歸經典，重讀名家，但是更需要產生與這個偉大的時代相匹配的新的偉大作家和偉大作品。

（本文摘自2012年1月10號 光明網—《光明日報》）

1、下列選項中,對“文化意義”上的“英雄”理解錯誤的一項是（）

A.文學作品中英雄人物身上要折射出理想主義的光芒,他們應是引領社會潮流之先的一面明鏡,更應是超越現實奔赴理想的一面旗幟。

B.一名作家只要有前瞻意識,做思想的先驅,勇于挑戰自己，既能塑造叱咤風云的經濟英雄，又能刻畫文化意義上的文化英雄，就可以成為文化意義上的英雄。

C.作家在作品中塑造的人物不僅要有現實基礎,富于時代色彩,更要成為精神標桿,指向人類理想, 引領社會向更高的目標邁進，才稱得上是英雄人物。

D.回顧百年歷史,一大批文化精英在中國現代化進程中領潮流之先,且以不可替代的重要性形成了深遠的影響.他們是當之無愧的文化英雄,魯迅,郭沫若等就是其典型代表。

二、古代詩文閱讀（36分）

（一）文言文閱讀（19分）

閱讀下面的文言文，完成4～7題。

王同皎，相州安陽人，陳駙馬都尉寬曾孫也。陳亡，徙河北。長安中，尚太子女安定郡主，拜典膳郎。太子，中宗也?；笍┓兜日D二張，遣同皎與李湛、李多祚即東宮迎太子，請至玄武門指授諸將。太子拒不許，同皎進曰：“逆豎反道，顯肆不軌，諸將與衙執事刻期誅之，須殿下到以系眾望。”太子曰：“上方不豫，得無不可乎？”同皎曰：．．．“眾將相毀家族以安社稷，奈何欲內之鼎鑊乎？太子能自出諭之，眾乃止?！碧营q豫，同皎即扶上馬，從至玄武門，斬關入。兵趨長生殿太后所，環侍嚴定，因奏誅易之等狀。帝復位，擢右千牛將軍，封瑯邪公，食實戶五百。主進封訟主，拜同皎駙馬都尉，遷光祿卿。

神龍后，武三思烝濁王室，同皎惡之，與張仲之、祖延慶、周憬、李悛、冉祖雍謀，須武后靈駕發，伏弩射殺．三思。會播州司兵參軍宋之愻以外妹妻延慶，延慶辭，之愻固請，乃成昏。延慶心厚之，不復疑。之愻子曇得其實。之愻兄之問嘗舍仲之家，亦得其謀。令曇密語三思。三思遣悛上急變，且言同皎欲擁兵闕下廢皇后。帝殊不曉，大怒，斬同皎于都亭驛，籍其家。同皎且死，神色自如。仲之、延慶皆死。憬遁入比干廟自剄，將死，謂人曰：“比干，古．忠臣，神而聰明，其知我乎！后、三思亂朝，虐害忠良，滅亡不久，可干吾頭國門，見其敗也?！便?，壽春人。后太子重俊誅三思，天下共傷同皎之不及見也。睿宗立，詔復官爵，謚曰忠壯。誅祖雍、悛等。①

4．對下列句加點詞解釋不正確的一項是（）A．諸將與衙執事刻期誅之

刻：約定 ．B．上方不豫

不豫：不事先預備 ．．

C．須武后靈駕發

須：等到 ．D．籍其家

籍：抄沒 ．5．下列選項所列事實分別都能表現王同皎祖孫二人有過人膽魄的一項是（）A．遣同皎與李湛、李多祚即東宮迎太子/斥烽候，筑歸化、潘原三壘 B．須殿下到以系眾望/幼莊重，不喜兒弄

C．同皎即扶上馬，從至玄武門，斬關入/ 疏吏惡，榜之里閭，殺尤縱者

D．同皎且死，神色自如/繕壁壘，積粟，構高屋偫兵

6．下列對原文有關內容的表述，不正確的一項是（）

A．王同皎與李多祚等迎太子于東宮，請太子至玄武門指麾將士。太子初拒而不許，同皎諷諭切至，扶太子上馬，才使迎立一事得以繼續。

B．在劫殺武三思的過程中，宋之問、宋曇、張仲之、李悛從中阻撓，使劫殺活動一度擱淺。

C．王潛系光祿卿王同皎孫，父王繇，母為永穆公主。王潛生三日，皇帝賜緋衣、銀魚。因系皇室外孫，授千牛將軍。D．將作監原來無公食，監內所得息錢為私人所有。王潛建章立制，規定息錢不得歸私，而用來充當公食費用，從此遂成制度。

7．把文中畫線的句子譯成現代漢語。（10分）

①眾將相毀家族以安社稷，奈何欲內之鼎鑊乎？太子能自出諭之，眾乃止（5分）譯文：________________________________________________________________ ②后、三思亂朝，虐害忠良，滅亡不久，可干吾頭國門，見其敗也。（5分）譯文：________________________________________________________________

（二）古代詩歌閱讀（11分）

乙 選考題

請從以下三、四兩大題中選定一道大題作答，不得選做另一題內的小題?？忌鞔饡r，用2B鉛筆在答題紙上把所選題目對應的題號涂黑。(不涂框或不用鉛筆圖框本題無分)

三、文學類文本閱讀（25分）

11．閱讀下面文章，完成（1）～（4）題。

女巫的面包

歐·亨利

瑪莎·米奇姆小姐在街道拐角處經營一爿小小的面包店（就是你上三步臺階，推門時門鈴叮當響的那爿）。

瑪莎小姐四十歲。她有一個二千美元的銀行存折和兩只假牙，還有一顆同情心。許多人都結了婚，而他們結婚的家當卻大不如瑪莎小姐。

有一位顧客每星期來兩三次，她開始對他發生興趣。他是個中年人，戴著眼鏡，留著仔細修剪過的紅胡子。

他說帶有濃厚的德國口音的英語。衣服破舊，有幾處補丁，而且寬松皺褶。但是，他外表整潔、很有禮貌。

他總是買兩塊陳面包。新鮮面包五分錢一塊，陳面包五分錢兩塊。他從來不要別的，只買陳面包。

有一回瑪莎小姐看見他頭上有一點紅棕色的油漬，她斷定他是個畫家，而且非常貧窮。不用說，他一定是住閣樓，在那兒繪畫，一邊啃陳面包，一邊想著瑪莎小姐面包店里好吃的東西。

當瑪莎小姐坐在餐桌前，面對著肉排、松軟的面包卷、果醬和茶，她時常嘆息，希望那位舉止文雅的畫家能和她共享這些佳肴，不要在那四處透風的閣樓上啃干硬的面包皮。

正如上面說過的，瑪莎小姐富有同情心。

一天，為了證實對他職業的猜測，她從屋里搬出一幅廉價買來的油畫擺在柜臺的貨架上。

這是一幅威尼斯風景畫。一座輝煌的大理石宮殿（畫上是這么說的）占了主要畫面，也可說是屹立在圖畫前面的水中。畫中還有幾條平底小船（船上有一位女子把手放在水中拖曳）、浮云和藍天以及大量的光暗對比。畫家是不會不注意到這幅畫的。

這位顧客急忙跑到門口觀看，任何人都會這樣?，斏〗沆`機一動，抓住了這個機會。

在柜臺后的貨架底層有一磅新鮮的黃油，是送奶工人十分鐘前放在那兒的。瑪莎小姐拿起面包刀，將每塊陳面包切一條深縫，塞進大量黃油，然后把面包壓緊。

顧客轉身回來時，她正用紙把面包包起來。

他們特別愉快地閑聊了一會兒，他走了，她暗自笑起來，但是心里多少有點忐忑不安。

她是否太唐突？他會不會生氣？當然不會。吃了人家的嘴軟。黃油可不是癡情女人的信。

那天她心里老是惦念著這件事，想象著他發現那小騙術時出現的情景。

他會放下畫筆和畫板。畫架上會有一幅他正在畫的油畫。其中各部分比例勻稱，無可非議。

他會準備午餐——陳面包和水。他會切開面包——??！

瑪莎小姐臉紅了。當他吃的時候，他會想到往面包里放黃油的那只手嗎？他會??

門鈴一陣亂響。有人正走進來，吵吵嚷嚷的。

瑪莎小姐匆忙跑到前面去。那里站著兩個男人。一個是年輕人，含著煙斗——她從沒見過他。另一個是她的畫家。

他滿臉通紅，帽子滑到腦后，頭發蓬亂，他握緊兩個拳頭，惡狠狠地向瑪莎小姐揮動著，問瑪莎小姐。

“傻瓜！”他破口大罵；又用德語說“上千美元??！”或類似的話。

年輕人想把他拖走。

“我不走，”他憤憤地說，“我非告訴她不可?！?/p>

他重重地敲著瑪莎小姐的柜臺。

“你毀了我，”他叫道，藍眼睛在眼鏡后面冒著火?！拔腋嬖V你，你是個愛管閑事的老貓！”

(1)下列對小說有關內容的分

析和概括，最恰當的兩項是(5分)A．小說以巧妙的謀篇布局、細致傳神的心理描寫、獨特精妙的細節和準確生動的語言講述了一個“多情反被無情惱”的故事，體現了歐·亨利小說獨特的藝術魅力。

B．文章兩次談到兩千美元的銀行存款，既表現了瑪莎小姐雖年已四十但仍有戀愛資本，也對比突出了布拉姆伯格的貧窮寒酸，同時也表現了瑪莎小姐對窮畫家的理解支持和對未來美好愛情的憧憬。

C．瑪莎小姐的思想與行為有著一條她自以為是的愛情的軌道，而窮畫家的思想與行為則沿著另一條路線運行，兩條路線始終交織在一起，難解難分。

D． 瑪莎小姐穿上她最美麗的藍點綢背心，用潤膚劑來潤澤肌膚，甚至偷偷地在五分錢兩塊的陳面包中塞進大量美味的黃油，這一切都證明了瑪莎小姐正在漸漸地一步一步地展開它溫馨多情的愛情攻勢。

E．小說意味雋永，發人深思，表達了對庸俗、淺薄、畸形病態的生活現象的否定，真切曲折地反映出人性的復雜層面，隱含著對人世間荒謬丑陋事物的憤慨與抗議。

(2)小說為何以“女巫的面包”為題，請結合作品做具體分析。(6分)(3)小說結局體現了歐亨利小說“意料之外，情理之中”的特點，這一結局在前文有多處伏筆，請找出并作簡要分析。(6分)(4)小說的主人公有人認為是瑪莎小姐，有人認為是布拉姆伯格制圖員，你認為是誰，請結合文章內容加以探究。(8分)

四、實用類文本閱讀（25分）

12.閱讀下面的文字，完成（1）—（4）題。

遙遠蒼穹，他是最亮的星

——記兩彈元勛”朱光亞

“人生為一大事來。他一生就做了一件事，但卻是新中國血脈中，激烈奔涌的最雄壯力量。細推物理即是樂，不用浮名絆此生。遙遠蒼穹，他是最亮的星”。

——2011年感動中國組委會授予朱光亞的頒獎辭

朱光亞1924年12月25日出生于湖北宜昌，上中學時對物理產生了濃厚興趣。大學時，他先后受教于周培源、葉企孫、吳大猷等著名教授，在學業上打下了堅實的基礎。

1945年7月15日，在美國新墨西哥州的荒漠上，伴隨著驚天動地的一聲巨響，原子之火沖天而起，人類進入了核時代。

1958年秋，蘇聯援建的核工業反應堆和加速器正式移交給中方使用，中國第一個綜合性的原子能科學技術研究基地誕生了。然而，1959年，距中蘇簽訂“國防新技術協定”不到兩年時間，蘇聯背信棄義，單方面撕毀協議，撤走了專家。35歲的朱光亞奉命調到二機部，擔任核武器研究所副所長和第四技術委員會副主任。朱光亞提出，就從蘇聯專家所作報告中留下的“殘缺碎片”研究起。經過夜以繼日的艱苦奮斗，中國的原子彈設計理論終于有了重大突破。

1964年10月16日15時整，隨著“起爆”那一聲鏗鏘命令，大漠中驟然閃出一道強光，一朵黃褐色的蘑菇云騰空而起。

成功了！看到這驚心動魄的壯觀景象，老成持重的朱光亞激動萬分。當晚，在試驗基地舉行的慶功宴會上，他喝得酩酊大醉??

第一顆原子彈爆炸成功后，朱光亞緊接著又開始組織實施機載核航彈爆炸試驗和導彈運載核彈頭爆炸試驗，都分別取得了圓滿成功。

根據毛主席“原子彈要有，氫彈也要快”的指示，朱光亞和同事們加快了研制速度。1967年6月17日，我國第一顆氫彈爆炸成功，強烈的沖擊波又一次震撼了世界。

在1994年6月舉行的中國工程院成立暨首屆院士大會上，朱光亞以全票當選為中國工程院首任院長。

朱光亞對自己要求非常嚴格。1996年初，解放軍出版社策劃出版了一套“國防科技科學家傳記叢書”，他自然是必

寫對象之一。報請審批時，他提筆就把自己的名字劃掉了。在有關國防科技歷史的文獻中，都有他撰寫的文章，但字里行間他都只談別人和集體，從不談自己。他經常說：“核武器研制是一項綜合性很強的系統工程，需要有多種專業的高水平科學家與工程技術人員通力協作。”他特別強調錢三強、王淦昌、鄧稼先、周光召等科技專家在其中所建立的不可磨滅的功勛。

1996年10月，朱光亞榮獲“何梁何利科學技術成就獎”，獎金為100萬元港幣。頒獎的頭一天，他就說要把全部獎金作為中國工程科技獎助基金。身邊的同志建議說：您是不是從中拿出一部分來捐比較合適？朱光亞的回答是：“中國工程科技界的工程科技獎助基金，現在有很大一部分是由海外友好人士捐助的，如果我們也能捐一點，雖然為數不很多，也算是做一點工作和一份貢獻。”

2004年，朱光亞80歲誕辰之際，為表彰朱光亞對我國科技事業作出的重大貢獻，國際小行星中心和國際小行星命名委員會批準將我國國家天文臺發現的、國際編號為10388號小行星命名為“朱光亞星”。

2011年2月26日10點30分，中國“兩彈一星”元勛朱光亞先生永遠停止了思考，一代巨星就此隕落，夜空中那顆第10388號行星“朱光亞星”卻依然閃耀。

（選自“領導干部網”，有刪改）

第Ⅱ卷（表達題）

五、語言文字運用（20分）

13、下列各句中加點的熟語使用恰當的一項是

A．大觀園里的主子們安富尊榮，早已習慣過鋪張浪費的生活，米珠薪桂，揮霍無度,王熙鳳也日感難以維持了。．．．．B．有了適當的處世態度和說話技巧，便可左支右絀，即使身處險境也常會化險為夷了。．．．．C．他們相知相戀于風華正茂的時候，卻不得不分離半個多世紀，如今都已八十高齡的他們終于喜結金蘭，走進了婚姻的殿．．．．堂。

D．傾蓋如故，有些人交朋友就是這么簡單，萍水相逢，只需一眼，就可以認定面前之人的精彩，無關身份與年紀，無關一．．．．切。

14、下列各句中沒有語病的一句是

A．專家指出，柯達高傲以及保守的態度不僅阻礙了轉型之路，而且靠賣專利為生的局面也將走到盡頭。

16、在下列橫線上填入恰當的關

聯詞語，使文段語意連貫。（5分）

中國的改革開放迅速提高了自己的國際地位，中國還沒有塑造自己全球形象的國際經驗，以官方聲音為主的宣傳使我們的話語缺少了能夠滿足民間需要的說服力；崛起的喜悅中夾雜的狹隘民族主義成分所產生的眾多解氣的話語，沒有對中國說服世界提供幫助，成為外國主流媒體報道中國時出現負面內容的重要原因。

中國迫切需要在對國際政治和中國文化深入了解的基礎之上，培育大量具有說服世界能力的民間人士，換句話說，中國人多，中國外交更需發揮民間優勢。

17、在下面一段文字的橫線處填上恰當的文字，使語義前后呼應，內容合理，句式大體一致。（6分）

和諧，強調順和、協調，力避抵觸、沖突。陽光的和諧如鉆石般耀眼；落日的和諧如錦緞般美麗。琴瑟和鳴，黃鐘大呂，這是藝術的和諧。舉案齊眉，夫唱婦和，這是夫妻的和諧。

六、寫作(60分)

18、以“濟”為題，寫一篇不少于800字的作文，立意自定，除詩歌外文體不限，不得套作，不得抄襲。

鞍山一中2012屆五?？荚囌Z文科試卷參考答案

1、B(“只要?就?”錯，成為文化英雄還需別的條件)

2、C(原文“也許，這些經濟英雄人格獨立，精神飽滿，具有濟世情懷”)

3、B(A作家思想的深度錯，原文是“作家思想解放的程度 ”C“作家呈現出來的作品，未能普遍反映這個時代的精神高度和思想深度”不是物化的社會對作家戕害的結果 D“就是現實生活中的普通人”錯，原文是“和現實生活中的大多數普通人一樣”)

4、B(不豫：稱身體不適)

5、C

6、B(張仲之并沒有主觀上阻撓這一劫殺行動。)

11、⑴ A項3分，D項2分，B項1分（C項“兩條路線始終交織在一起，難解難分”不當，E項主題闡釋過度，B項“對比突出”一句及“理解”不當。）

(2)①“面包”是全文的線索，男主人公因買面包而與瑪莎小姐結識，瑪莎小姐又在面包中加入黃油而無意中破壞了對方的設計圖，最后揭示了面包的用途。②“女巫”暗示了瑪莎小姐在整個故事情節中尷尬的身份，并暗示了小說所蘊含的哲理：主觀臆斷一廂情愿于自己無益，對別人也許也是一種災難。③以“女巫的面包”為題，能夠吸引讀者，讓讀者產生強烈的閱讀興趣。（答出一點給2分，也可據答題情況酌情給分）

(3)①文章多次談到“他總是買兩塊陳面包?他從來不要別的，只買陳面包”暗示了男主人公的制圖員身份。②“圖畫各部分的比例也不對”只有設計師才會關注建筑物比例問題，藝術家關注的不是作品真實性，而是表現力。③“她斷定他是個畫家”“不用說，他一定是?” “他一定是個畫家”文中不斷強調瑪莎小姐的主觀臆斷，為她的自作多情的結局和男主人公的真正身份做了鋪墊。（答出一點給2分，也可據答題情況酌情給分）(4)觀點一：

瑪莎小姐是主人公。①從主題角度看，小說表現的是人與人之間需要溝通了解、不能一味相信自己的判斷，而始終生活在幻想中的瑪莎小姐顯然最能表現這一主題。②從篇幅上看，文章對瑪莎小姐著墨最多，有大量的心理描寫。③從情節結構上看，因為陳面包而對男主人公產生好感、用風景畫加以試探、在陳面包中加入黃油、受到制圖員的嘲諷和奚落等環節，都是圍繞瑪莎小姐展開的。④從人物關系（或手法）上看，寫布拉姆伯格制圖員先前的淡漠和最后對瑪莎小姐的嘲諷奚落是為了襯托瑪莎小姐的主觀臆斷，由此也突出了主題。

⑷①便于讀者全面完整的了解朱光亞光輝的一生;②一個人的成就與他高貴的品質是分不開的,他的行事低調,為人謙虛,淡泊名利正是他高貴的精神品質高尚人生境界的具體體現；③一個人如果把一生主要的經歷投入到偉大的事業中去,立志高遠,胸懷博大,自然就會把事業之外的名利看輕看淡.如居里夫人;④現實生活中我們也該如此。（三條理由6分，聯系實際2分）

13、D（A．米珠薪桂：形容物價奇貴。B．左支右絀：窮于應付，顧此失彼。C．喜結金蘭：結交很投合的朋友。D．傾蓋如故：偶然結識的新朋友卻像友誼深厚的舊故交一樣。）

14、B（A．語序不當C．搭配不當。D．中途易轍）

15、B

16、雖然、但是、不但（不僅）、反而、所以（一空一分，使邏輯關系合理的其他關聯詞也可酌情給分。）

17、示例：

陽光的和諧如鉆石般耀眼；落日的和諧如錦緞般美麗。琴瑟和鳴，黃鐘大呂，這是藝術的和諧；和風細雨，桃紅柳綠，這是自然的和諧。舉案齊眉，夫唱婦和，這是夫妻的和諧；和平共處，求同存異，這是國家的和諧。（一空一分，內容不合理、格式不對應酌情扣分）

18、作文參考高考作文評分標準

基礎等級50分 一等(50--41)二等(40--31)三等(30--21)四等(20--0)切合題意 符合題意 基本符合題意 偏離題意

中心突出 中心明確 中心基本明確 中心不明或立意不當 內容充實 內容較充實 內容單薄 沒什么內容 感情真切 感情真實 感情基本真實 感情虛假 結構嚴謹 結構完整 結構基本完整 結構混亂 語言流暢 語言通順 語言基本通順 語病多 字體工整 字跡清楚 字跡潦草 字跡難辨

符合問題要求 大體符合文體要求 大體符合文體要求 不符合文體要求

發展等級10分 深刻 豐富 有文采 有創新

1、透過現象深入本質

4、材料豐富

7、語言生動，句式靈活

10、見解新穎，材料新鮮、構思精巧

2、揭示問題產生問題

5、形象豐滿

8、善于運用修辭手法

11、推理想象有獨到之處

3、觀點具有啟發作用

6、意境深遠

9、文句有意蘊

12、有個性特征

王同皎的兒子王繇匹配永穆公主，生子王潛，字弘志。王潛生三日，唐肅宗賜緋衣、銀魚。王潛年幼時即行為莊重，不喜歡兒戲。因系肅宗外孫，授千牛將軍。又被選出匹配公主，固辭，元和年間累遷至將作大匠。將作監的屬吏中原來有屬北軍各籍，驕惰而無所事事，王潛到任后，奏請朝廷將其全部罷除，所以未經大力申誡，監內風氣便為之一新。將作監原來

第四篇：模擬高考英語作文

1.最近，出現了很多“最美......”，如“最美教師”，“最美司機”等等，模擬一篇高考作文。

Recently, a hot phrase “the most beautiful...” attracts more and more attention, which refers to a person who has done something moving others greatly.For instance, there are the most beautiful teacher, the most beautiful driver, and the most beautiful soldier.Their acts of heroism have moved numerous people.On the one hand, there’s no doubt that we should admire their courage and learn from them.Because it is they that strengthen our spiritual civilization.On the other hand, we should notice that some people lack the necessary public sense of responsibility.They don’t want to take care of others’ lives, even commit crimes to meet their own needs.As far as I’m concerned, everyone should try his/ her best to improve their moral level.Only in this way can we make a most beautiful society together.2.最近，小悅悅的事件引起了很多人的熱議，模擬一篇高考作文談談自己的看法。

Recently, a little girl named Yueyue caught many people’s attention.She has passed away in an unbelievable way and all of us would feel sorry to her.On the one hand, we want to ask those eighteen people why they didn’t save her.On the other hand, some people even doubt that the old grandma did all this just in order to make herself famous.It’s obvious that with the development of economy, people are becoming more and more selfish.In their minds, it is none of their business to help others.Seeing danger, they always turn blind eye to this and leave quickly.In fact, everyone needs help in the world.You can imagine how terrible it is if we live alone.On the contrary, if we devote a little love and help to another, the world will become more and more beautiful.Since helping others is very important, some measures should be taken to cultivate the environment in the whole society.No matter whole you are and what you do, remember helping others is helping oneself.寫英語作文時需要注意的問題

一、話題不會太空泛（跟語文不一樣，不需要很有高度），多是具體的，非常貼近學生生活的；

二、注意題材、格式（近兩年多是郵件、日記、回信等），再看看近兩年山東卷高考真題范文；

三、作文最好分三到四段，一定注意字體，每個句首都想著用個連詞（Although、Because、...）；

四、調整心態，盡量靠自己，珍惜重視每一分；

五、把幾個常見短語，句型記住，考試時提醒自己一定要用上：

Nowadays/ recently/ With the rapid development of economy,...As we all know,...There is no doubt that...As a matter of fact,...== In fact,...As far as I’m concerned,...== In my opinion,...(說理時)First/ Second/ Besides/ Moreover/ In addition/ Therefore/ Last but not least On the contrary,...For example/ instance,...On the one hand,....On the other hand,...In a word,...Only in this way can we do...

第五篇：2009年全國高考江蘇英語試題答案

土右旗農技推廣體系現狀和問題

土右旗農業技術推廣中心 智宇航

土默特右旗地處呼和浩特、包頭二市之間，北依大青山，南臨黃河，全旗共轄17個鄉鎮，1個生態管委會，農業人口28.5萬人，現有耕地116萬畝，是典型的平原農業大旗。自20世紀80年代以來，土右旗建立了以旗級農技服務為中心，鄉鎮為紐帶，村為橋梁，上下貫通，左右相連的農技推廣服務網絡，對全旗的農業和農村經濟的發展做出了不可替代的作用。但是從20世紀90年代起，在歷次縣、鄉機構改革中，農技推廣機構都成為主要精簡目標。隨之在農技推廣工作中出現了一些非常突出并急待解決的問題。

一、土右旗農技推廣體系現狀

做好農技推廣工作，加速科技成果向現實生產力轉化是解決“三農”問題的重要舉措。1996年的鄉鎮機構改革，首先是從鄉鎮農技部門開始的，對其實行了“三定”，改革后，“人財物”三權下放鄉鎮。2002年的鄉鎮機構改革，對其實行“斷奶、脫鉤”，將農技、農機、農經、畜牧、水利、林業合并為綜合站，農技人員聽從于鄉鎮安排。據調查，全旗大多數鄉鎮農技干部都是“占其職不謀其政”，諸如包村、包片、計劃生育、稅費收繳、綜合治理等中心工作，根本無暇顧及農技推廣。

土右旗現有農技推廣機構19個，其中：縣級1個，鄉級18個，種植業推廣機構人數318人，其中縣級人數50人，鄉級268人，國家編制人數為302人，其中縣級45人，鄉級257人?？h、鄉農技機構實行差額拔款，定編人員經費4500元/人。

全旗種植業農技推廣組織職工素質狀況，學歷狀況：大專以上學歷有20人，占6%，中專及高中人數201人，占63%；年齡結構：36至49歲人員188人，占59%，50歲及以上人數34人，占10%；職稱狀況：有專業技術職稱人數129人，占職工人數的41%，其中，中級職稱人數18人，占職工總數的6%，初級及以下職稱人數111人。

全旗種植業推廣機構職工從事技術推廣人員數218人，占職工總數的69%，其中具備本專業學歷人數81人，占職工總人數的25%。旗級農業技術推廣中心由土右旗農牧業局主管，鄉鎮農技站由各鄉鎮政府管理。

以旗農業技術推廣中心為例，自1997年以來定為“準科級事業單位”，人員編制45人，承擔著農技推廣、植物保護、漁政管理、農村能源、農廣校、多種經營等幾項重要公益性工作。2001年隨著改革，旗政府為減輕財政壓力，核定農業中心為差額事業單位，人員經費4500元/人。經費銳減，職能激增，呈現出嚴重的酬不抵勞現象。具體情況如下：

1、執法職能：有植物檢疫、農藥管理、無公害認證、漁政 2 管理、土肥監測、耕地保護、農技推廣等法律法規職能。

2、公益職能：

—— 植保植檢：新農藥、新植保技術的試驗、示范、推廣

—— 農技推廣：新作物品種、新栽培技術的試驗、示范、推廣

—— 水產養殖：新水產品種、新養殖技術的試驗、示范、推廣

—— 新肥料、新施肥技術的試驗、示范、推廣

—— 多種經營：新經濟作物及新栽培技術的試驗、示范、推廣

—— 農廣校：招收農村生源，培訓廣大農民

—— 農村能源：戶用沼氣池、小型沼氣工程、秸桿氣化等生物能源及太陽能、風能的試驗、示范、推廣

3、上級對口業務部門有：

農業技術推廣站（含農村生態能源辦）；植檢植保站（含農藥檢定站）；水產站；土壤肥料站；多種經營站（主要是經濟作物）；農廣校。

4、一般性推廣服務：主要是接受涉農企事業單位委托，進行相應的工作，可逐步走向市場經營的方向，但目前條件尚未成熟。

綜上所述，旗農業中心的經費水平與職能范疇極不匹配，按 3 目前中心的經費水平，只能承擔所述職能的1—2部分，可中心卻在全部承擔，實在是勉強維持，步履艱難。

二、農技推廣體系發展中存在的主要問題

（一）農技推廣投資嚴重不足

由于旗鄉財政不寬裕，推廣經費長期嚴重短缺，投入不足，致使旗、鄉農業技術推廣機構在設施設備上還在用上世紀80年代搞商品糧基地建設時留下的老底子，服務設施和手段嚴重落后；現有的農技人員待遇嚴重偏低，更難以吸引大中專畢業生充實進來從事這項工作。財政供給的窘迫狀況，嚴重制約了旗、鄉農技推廣機構公益性職能的正常發揮。今年我旗承擔的國家和自治區的玉米良種補貼項目，在實施過程中，財政狀況較好的鄉鎮如大城西、明沙淖、將軍堯等在落實推廣過程中，給予農技人員一定的推廣經費，良種補貼項目就落實得較好，宣傳到位。而財政狀況困難的鄉鎮，如三道河、雙龍、沙海子等鄉鎮，推廣經費嚴重缺乏，工作力度不夠，宣傳乏力，群眾認識不高，出現了播種面積小、播種遲、種植不規范等一系列情況。同時農技部門和其它部門相比較工作任務重，農技人員的收入低，工作條件艱苦，許多農技干部不得不“跳農門”。

（二）非專業技術人員過多，知識斷層與知識老化問題嚴重 農技推廣人員結構不合理。現階段從事旗鄉兩級種植業技術人員比重偏少，特別是農民生產上急需水產、園藝、蔬菜、植保 4 專業技術人員更少，均不適應新時期農業技術推廣的需要。以縣農技推廣中心為例，全中心50人中從事種植技術推廣的27人，其中從事水產工作的2人，從事植保工作的7人，且存所學專業與崗位不符的現象。

非專業技術人員過多。在全旗種植業技術人員中，非專業技術人員占70%左右，而大專以上學歷人員僅占人員總數的5%，具備本專業學歷人員占總人數的26%，從農技人員所從事的工作情況看，從事農技推廣工作的專業技術人員才一半左右，而非專業技術人員從事技術推廣工作的比例則高達20%。

知識斷層與知識老化問題嚴重。從2000年—2003年全旗縣、鄉農技站沒有增加過新畢業的農業院校畢業生。因為經費短缺，農技人員無法參加各種繼續教育和相關專業培訓，1996年以來旗、鄉兩級的農技人員中沒有一位同志進行過脫產學習，在從事農技推廣工作的人員中參加過種植業技術短期培訓和進修的只有10人（包括在職攻讀中專、大專等人員），占總數的0.03%。旗、鄉兩級大部分農技人員知識嚴重老化，所擁有技術多為常規種植技術，真正掌握“名、特、優”種養管理技術的很少。這種狀況表明：農技推廣人員的知識斷層與知識老化現象相當嚴重。

由于以上三方面的原因，我旗農技推廣工作進行的難度就較大。還以今年落實玉米良種補貼為例，旗、鄉兩級的非專業農技人員在落實過程中就顯得工作吃力，推廣力度不夠，甚至有少數 5 人技術培訓不到位，不受廣大農民歡迎；部分專業過硬的農技人員，雖能夠較好地完成該項工作，而且得到廣大農戶的好評和認可，但待遇太低，也存在著應付差事的現象。

（三）農技推廣體制不合理

鄉鎮農技推廣機構的人、財、物管理權下放后，導致旗、鄉兩級農技推廣部門業務斷鏈，鄉鎮農技人員絕大部分時間在從事鄉鎮“中心”工作。另外，也為各種關系擠占農口指標就業提供了機會，在農技推廣機構中，從1996年以來增加的人員，非農專業人員所占比例高達30%。這種旗鄉斷鏈的農技推廣體制，在工作過程中，矛盾重重，很難適應新時期農技推廣工作的需要。諸如今年在玉米良種補貼、沼氣池建設等農技推廣工作中，推廣落實工作的難度就顯得尤為突出。

三、我旗農技推廣體系創新的建議

1、改革農技推廣體制

在機構設臵上要明確行政執法、社會公益及一般推廣機構的性質。合理設臵機構，對公共性法律法規授權、委托執法和行政管理的機構，應由財政全額供養；對經營性機構應大力扶持，實行企業化管理。種植業推廣機構要設臵跨鄉鎮的區域站或鄉鎮站，作為旗級推廣機構的派出機構，全旗統一重新定編、定崗，根據實際工作需要，旗級農技中心因工作量大，要增加現有編制，核定50人為宜，鄉鎮推廣機構要以區域站或鄉鎮站的形式設臵，6 區域站以鄰近的兩個鄉鎮設立。因我旗耕地面積116萬畝，主要種植小麥、玉米、向日葵、馬鈴薯、胡麻、麻子、甘草、蘋果、葡萄、杏、李，以種植面積1萬畝設臵一名農技人員，推廣機構區域站建設8—10個，每站15—20人或鄉鎮站每站5—10人為宜，管理權限歸屬旗級或農業行政部門主管。

2、創新農技推廣管理機制

對社會公益性推廣機構一是要按專業定崗定編，并確保專業人員比例不少于80%；二是要對專業人員定期進行培訓，實行再教育，培養綜合型人才；三是按專業崗位擇優聘用，對推廣人員由身份管理向崗位管理轉變；四是對專業技術職稱評定實行評聘分開，不搞終身制；五是不管實行鄉鎮農技推廣區域站還是鄉鎮站都應明確縣級政府和農業主管部門的管理職責，便于農技推廣工作的統籌安排。

3、保證必需的財政供給，增加農技推廣資金投入 各級財政要加大對農業推廣計劃的支持力度，增加財政支農資金用于農技推廣的份額。實踐證明，能否保證財政供給是關乎農技推廣機構能否全面地履行公益性職能的先決條件，只有經費的足額投入，才能增強農業科技推廣服務功能，有效地為廣大農民服務。

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