第一篇:漢英翻譯
白菜
Chinese cabbage
密碼
password 手機
mobile phone
救火
to fight a fire 早戀
puppy love
買一贈一
Buy one,get one free.青春痘
acne
長鏡頭
zoom lens 方便面
instant noodles
隱形眼鏡
contact lens 綠豆
mung bean
臥室
bedroom 試穿
to try sth.on
食言
break a promise 番茄醬
ketchup
酸奶
yoghurt 戴綠帽子
to cuckold sb.黃色書籍
pornography book 高等學(xué)校
higher school
農(nóng)民
farmer 宣傳
popularize
物美價廉
economical and good 你紅光滿面
You look healthy and energetic.他是個氣管炎
He is a hen-pecked man.假花
artificial flower
假唱
lip-synch 假鈔
counterfeit money
假酒
adulterated wine 假新聞
pseudo-news
惡性循環(huán)
vicious circle 惡性腫瘤
malignant tumor
惡性通貨膨脹
inflationary spiral
詞組翻譯
一窩蜜蜂
a swarm of bees
一窩小雞
a brood of chickens 一窩幼犬
a litter of pups
一群美女
a bevy of beautiful ladies 一群獵狗 a pack of hounds 一群鴨
a team of ducks 一群羚羊
a herd of antelopes 積極支持
unfailing support 積極的財政政策
proactive fiscal policy 積極利用國外資源 make effective use of overseas resource 1.富華家具帶給您典雅的歐陸風(fēng)情。
You will be enchanted by the unique European style of Fuhua furniture.2.他們講索求,我們講貢獻。
They preach taking from others,whereas we advocate giving to others.3.她追求的是真理,而他追求的是榮華富貴。
What she seeks is truth,and what he hankers after is nothing but high position and great wealth.4.在整個改革開放過程中都要反對腐敗。
Throughout the process of reform and opening, we must combat corruption.5.阿Q將衣服摔在地上,吐一口唾沫,說:“這毛蟲”!Ah Q flung his jacket on the ground,spat,and swore,“Hairy worm!”
6.他抓住了小偷的衣服。
He seized the pickpocket by the collar.7.他走進屋里,大衣上盡是雪,鼻子凍得通紅。
He entered the room,his coat covered with snow and his nose red with cold.8.金杯牌充氣床墊工藝先進,結(jié)構(gòu)新穎,造型美觀,款式繁多,舒適大方,攜帶方便。
The “Golden Cup”Brand air-filled bed cushions are made in advanced technology.With novel structure,beautiful shape and various patterns,they are comfortable and convenient to carry.9.匪軍所至,殺戮人民,奸淫婦女,焚毀村莊,掠奪財物,無所不用其極。Wherever they went,they massacred and raped,burned and looted,and stopped at nothing.10.他們意氣風(fēng)發(fā)。They are in high spirits.11.他們喜形于色。They beamed with joy.12.他們眼明手快。
He is of quick of eye and deft of hand.13.這篇文章淺顯易懂。
This article is easy to read and understand.14.我對他敬而遠之。I stood aloof from him.15.人群漸漸地安靜了下來。The crowd came to silence.16.一座古塔陰森森地矗立在山腰上。
An ancient pagoda frowns on the mountainside.17.但一部小說開掘得深不深,藝術(shù)和思想是否有過人之處,的確不在題材大小。But the depth of a novel,or the excellence of its artistry and idea,does not depend on whether it has a grand theme.18.他的粗魯行為使我很震驚。His rudeness shocked me.19.遠近/長短/大小/高矮 distance/length/size/height
20.本公司生產(chǎn)的地毯美麗大方,光彩奪目,富麗堂皇。
The carpets made in our company are beautiful and magnificent.21.目標(biāo)的輕重緩急,孰輕孰重應(yīng)該仔細研究,認真考慮和反復(fù)推敲。Target priorities should be very carefully studied.22.那件令人不快的事件,已經(jīng)搞得滿城風(fēng)雨,人人皆知了。There has been much publicity about the unpleasant case.23.他想遠走高飛,免得心煩。He sought the distraction of distance.24.這只船容易顛覆,因為它造型不合理。
This boat is apt to overturnbecause it is unreasonably shaped.25.廚房又臟又亂。
The kitchen was in a mess.26.他不參加比賽,我感到很失望。
To my disappointment,he did not attend the competition.27.父親不贊成地看著他。
Father looked at him in disapproval.28.他驚訝地望著我。
He looked at me in amazement.29.他起得很早,且一向如此。
He rose early,as he had always done.30.他與侵略者合作,出賣了自己的國家。
He collaborated with the invaders and betrayed his motherland.31.那個人醉心名利。
That chap is infatuated with fame and fortune.32.在加州發(fā)現(xiàn)黃金的消息轟動全國。
News of the discovery of gold in California excited the nation.33.政府支持這個項目。
The government is behind this project.34.1949年中國發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。1949 witnessed great changes in China.35.5月1日會議開幕了。
May day saw the opening of the meeting.36.我一時記不起他的名字。
His name escaped my memory for the moment.37.選擇朋友,越謹慎越好。
One can never be too careful in the choice of one’s friends.38.今年的十月一號是個星期五。
The National Day of this year falls on a Friday.39.那里的工藝品品種齊全,價格公道,質(zhì)量可靠。
The arts and crafts there are complete in range ,reasonable in price and reliable in quality.40.聽到敲門聲,我頓時睡意全消。
The knock on the door made me wide awake.41.生活的浮沉使他變得頹廢。
The ups and downs of his life made him prop out.42.他又厚著臉皮要錢了嗎?
Did he have the cheek to ask for more money?
43.聽那個鬼故事時,我簡直要嚇?biāo)懒恕?/p>
I was scared to death when listening to that ghost story.44.他家里有好多張嘴要喂。
He has many mouths to feed in his family.45.這對年輕的夫婦并不相配,一個是西施,一個是張飛。
This young couple is not well matched,one is a Xi Shi--a famous Chinese beauty,while the other is a Zhang Fei--a well-known ill-tempered brute.46.我很瞧不起他,他是個馬屁精。
I look down upon him,for he is such an apple polisher.47.由于距離遠,又缺乏交通工具,使農(nóng)村社會與外界隔絕,而這種隔絕,又由于通訊工具不足而變得更加嚴(yán)重。
The isolation of the rural world,because of distance and lack of tansport facilities,is compounded by the paucity of the information media.48.當(dāng)時,車輛橫沖直撞,嚴(yán)重地威脅著城市生活,路上行人無不提心吊膽。The present onslaught of vehicles poses a serious threat to urban life and pedestrian peace of mind.49.他有一種令人難堪的習(xí)慣:一會兒一個看法,自相矛盾,變化無常。He has a disgusting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.50.請允許我代表中國體操協(xié)會向參加這次邀請賽的朋友們表示熱烈的歡迎。Please allow me,on behalf of the Chinese Gymnastics Association,to extend a warm welcome to all our friends who have come for the Tournament.51.全城披上節(jié)日盛裝。
The whole city is in holiday array.52.小汽車盤旋著,穿過村莊,翻越峽谷,沿著一條因解凍而漲水的小溪行駛。The car wound through the village and up a narrow valley,following a thaw-swollen stream。
53.有些時裝設(shè)計師為了趕時髦,舍棄了優(yōu)雅別致的式樣,而一味追求袒胸露體的奇裝異服。
In line with the latest trends in fashion, a few designers have been sacrificing elegance to audacity.54.不過我們說到故事后頭去了。But we are getting ahead of the story.55.請先走。/請走在前面。After you.56.我走在厚厚的地毯上,一點聲音也沒有。The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps.57.我們可借助專門的儀器觀察到電波在傳播。
With the help of a special instrument we can observe the electric waves travelling along.58.國家不論大小貧富,都應(yīng)一律平等。
All nations,large or small,rich or poor,should be equal.59.如蒙早日寄來樣品或產(chǎn)品冊,不勝感激。
It would be appreciated if samples or brochure could be soon sent to us.60.他過馬路時,左顧右盼,害怕撞到過路的車。
While crossing the street,he looked right and left ,for fear that he might run into some passing car.61.我訪問了一些地方,遇到了不少人,要談起來,奇妙的事可多著呢。
There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met.62.來賓請出示入場券。
Visitors are requested to show their tickets.63.約翰真的愛瑪麗,而瑪麗也愛約翰。
John actually loved Mary and was loved in return.64.人的思想形成語言,而語言有影響了人的思想。Language is shaped by, and shapes, human thought.65.干得很順手,上汽車沒到三分鐘,一個錢包就到手了,鼓鼓囊囊的,看來錢不少。
An easy work.Hardly three minutes on the bus ,and he had laid hands on a purse, bulgy, apparently full of money.66.父親畢竟比她多吃了幾年鹽,她的男朋友是什么樣的人,父親一看就知道。After all,father has much more worldly experience than her.So he will be able to tell, at a glance,what kind of man her boyfriend is.67.但他性情與人不同,不求名利,不交朋友,終日只是忙于自己的本職工作。He is , however, eccentric.He does not seek fame and gain,and does not like to make friends.Every day he is only engaged in his own job.68.一定要言行一致,理論與實踐密切結(jié)合,反對華而不實和任何虛夸,少說空話,多做工作,扎扎實實,埋頭苦干。
Deed and word must match and theory and practice must be closely intergrated.We must reject flashiness without substance and every sort of boasting.There must be less empty talk and more hard work.We must be steadfast and dedicated.69.當(dāng)真理被埋在地下的時候,它在生長,它感到壓抑,它蓄存著這么一種爆炸性力量,一旦冒出,它就會炸破一切!
When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out,it blows up everything with it.70.世界上一些國家發(fā)生問題,從根本上說,都是因為經(jīng)濟上不去,沒有飯吃,沒有衣穿,沒有房住,工資增長被通貨膨脹抵消,生活水平下降,大批人下崗和失業(yè),長期過緊日子。
Basically, the root cause for social unrest in some countries lies in their failure to boost their economy.Consequently,the lack food, clothing and shelter, and their wage increases are offset by inflation.With a decline in living standards, widespread layoffs and unemployment, people have to suffer chronic hardships.71.40年來,武漢雜技在繼承了傳統(tǒng)雜技的基礎(chǔ)上,大膽吸收其他姊妹藝術(shù)之長,運用多種藝術(shù)手段,將布景,燈光,道具,美術(shù)融為一體,使雜技表演成為綜合性的表演藝術(shù)。
For 40 years,based on traditional acrobatic techniques,Wuhan acrobatics has absorbed bravely the strong points of other sister arts and mixed together scenery,lighting,costume and fine art by all kinds of artistic methods so that the acrobatic performance becomes a comprehensive art of performance.72.他倆能在地里找口粗茶淡飯,完全是靠丈夫起早貪黑的耕作。
It was only by the busband’s incessant labor that they could draw a meager living from their land.73.聽了這話,他笑了,雙唇合成一條曲線,露出一副悔恨的樣子。但兩眼仍熠熠發(fā)光,脈脈含情。這種感情她不敢認同。
He smileed at that, with a rueful curve of his lips, but his eyes were alight with emotion she was afraid to identify.74.她身材矮小,容貌端莊,鼻子俏麗,頭發(fā)光亮鑒人。
Although she was both short and slender,she had a dignified and elegant countenance,a fine nose and shinny hair.75.憑窗站了一會兒,微微地覺得涼意侵人。轉(zhuǎn)過身來,忽然眼花繚亂,屋子里的別的東西,都隱在光云里。
Standing at the window for a while, I felt a big chill.As I turned round,my eyes suddenly dazzled before the bright light and could not see things distinctly.Everything in the room was blurred by a haze of light.76.蝸陽苔干,名優(yōu)特產(chǎn),馳名中外,聲震古今,翠綠,鮮嫩,清脆,可口,有“天然海蜇”之稱;清乾隆年間奉獻皇宮,故又名“貢菜”。
Taigan(a kind of dry stemmed vegetable)is a famous special local product of Woyang,Anhui Province.It is well-known all over the world.It can be regarded as “jellyfish on land”.It’s green, tender,crisp and pleasant to taste.It was once an article of tribute in the Qing Dynasty.
第二篇:漢英翻譯技巧
漢英翻譯技巧
第一節(jié) 漢語無主語句的英譯處理
一、祈使句對應(yīng)為祈使句
e.g.小心輕放。
Handle with care.量體裁衣,看菜吃飯。Fit the dress to the figure and fit the appetite to the dishes.寧為雞首,不為牛后。Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a horse.二、采用英語的被動結(jié)構(gòu)譯出 采用英語被動結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯的漢語無主語句一般的情況:一是某些表示事物存在的無主語句;二是有些句子突出賓語部分,在翻譯時可以不用補出主語而用原句中的賓語來充當(dāng)主語。e.g.這兒將修建更多的居民大樓。More apartments will be built here.利用發(fā)電機,可以將機械能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殡娔堋?/p>
The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by a generator.在合同中,詳細地規(guī)定了雙方必須履行的各種條件。
In the contract, all kinds of conditions which both sides should follow were laid down in detail.沒有愛心,就無法了解人生。
Life cannot be understood without much charity.三、采用倒裝語序 e.g.地下埋藏著大量的金銀。
Hidden underground is a wealth of gold and silver.隨著一聲吼叫,忽的從樹林里竄出一只老虎來。
Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.山里住著個老和尚。
In the mountain lived on an old monk.四、采用 THERE BE 結(jié)構(gòu) 例句:沒有順利,無所謂困難;沒有困難,也無所謂順利。
Without facility, there would be no difficulty;without difficulty, there would also be no facility.剩下的時間不多了。There is very little time left.蘿卜白菜,各有所愛。
There is no accounting for taste.無水則無魚。
Without water there would be no fish.樓下有人想和你說話。
There is a man downstairs who wants to speak to you.you are wanted downstairs.五、采用 IT 作主語譯出
例句:要解決問題,還必須做系統(tǒng)、周密的調(diào)查工作和研究工作。
In order to solve the problem it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation and study.與自然作斗爭,倍感快樂。It is a great joy to battle against nature.活到老學(xué)到老。
It is never too old to learn.子曰:學(xué)而時習(xí)之,不亦說乎?有朋自遠方來,不亦樂乎?
Confucius said, is it not a pleasure after all to practice in due time what one has learnt? Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar?
六、增添適當(dāng)?shù)拇~或名詞充當(dāng)主語 例句: 知彼知己,百戰(zhàn)不殆。
If you know your enemy and yourself, you can fight a hundred battles without peril.不入虎穴,焉得虎子。
If one does not enter the tiger’s den, how can he get a tiger’s cub.六、因文制宜,區(qū)別對待
例句:未經(jīng)審批機關(guān)批準(zhǔn),合同中不得規(guī)定禁止接受方在合同期滿后繼續(xù)使用技術(shù)的條款。
Unless approval has been obtained from the examining and approving organ, a contract shall not include provisions prohibiting the recipient from continuing to use the technology after the expiry of the contract term.由于英語被接受為聯(lián)合國的官方語言之一,這就使英語在國際外交場合使用得更為廣泛了。
The use of English in international diplomacy is strengthened by its acceptance as one of the official languages of the U.N.說明白了一切,就再無奧妙可言了。It will leave nothing in obscurity;everything is seen.Exercises: 1.要適可而止,否則就要完蛋。
2.不遠處傳來了提琴的聲音,調(diào)子哀enough, or we will die.Enough is 傷。Not far away from the sound of the fiddle, and that'll sorrow.3.在游廊的最左端,靠近一道門,坐著一位將近30歲的男子。
4.他的書桌上放著帶有細菌的小碟the left, near a door, sits a nearly 30 years old man.Most of the veranda at 子。His desk is put a little dish of bacteria
All in all, it was two 5.總之,是兩點而不是一點。
6.花瓶里沒有水了。and not a bit.The vase no water.7.要
很容易看得出來那作家是一位生手,剛從事寫作。8.。
Very easy to see the writer is a beginning, just writing
9.不怕一萬,就怕萬一one thousand.Ten thousand not afraid, afraid of 10.還看不出來他能挑得起這副擔(dān)子。Also see he can pick up the burden alone.11.去年
12.必須認真做好建廠前的準(zhǔn)備工作。The factory must do the preparing work before.Should teach children to 13.應(yīng)該教導(dǎo)兒童講實話。
14.必須保證8小時的睡眠。
15.發(fā)現(xiàn)了錯誤,一定要改正。tell the truthhours of sleep.must correct.Must ensure that eight
Find a mistake,第二節(jié)、漢語“是”字句的英譯處理
一、表示“等同”
例句:他最佩服的就是你。
Of all the people, you are the one he admires most.二、表示“類屬” 例句:這臺機器是進口的。
The machine was imported from abroad.他是來找你的。He is here to see you.三、表示“事物狀態(tài)” 例句:要是舊社會,遇上這樣大的水災(zāi),早已是哀鴻遍野了。
If a flood of such magnitude had hit the land in the old days, the stricken area would have been a scene of desolation and despair.你現(xiàn)在是身不由己,只能聽他的。You have to listen to him whether you like it or not.四、表示“存在” 例句:她滿臉是淚,默不作聲。She was soundless and her cheeks were bathed in tears.別看他長得胖,其實渾身是病。Despite his stout build, he suffers from all sorts of diseases.五、在兩個類似結(jié)構(gòu)中表示“區(qū)別”,轉(zhuǎn)換為英語相對的對比結(jié)構(gòu)。例句:他是他,我是我,我們誰也管不著誰。
We have our own wills, he and I, neither is the other’s master.昨天是昨天,今天是今天,情況是不斷變化的。
Events are moving very fast;what was true yesterday may not be so today.這個人言行不一,說是說,做是做。This man’s deeds do not match his words;he never practices what he preaches.敵是敵,友是友,必須分清界限。A friend is a friend, a foe is a foe;one must be clearly distinguished from the other.六、表示“讓步”,用適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~或者讓步句型來體現(xiàn)。例句:書是好書,可惜貴了點。It is true that this is a good book, but it’s a bit too expensive.他的本意是好的,只是措辭不當(dāng)。He meant well, but he didn’t put across his ideas properly.你就是有天大的本事,恐怕也施展不開。
However capable you are, you probably can do nothing in this circumstance.這房子老是老,但離商店近,采購方便。
Indeed, the house is old, but as it is close to the stores, it is convenient for shopping.六、表示“強調(diào)”,一般轉(zhuǎn)換為強調(diào)句式 例句:是誰教你這樣做的? Who told you to do so? 是這位解放軍戰(zhàn)士救了你。
It was this PLA man who saved you.我寫的信是給她的,不是你。
It was to her that I wrote a letter, not to you.七、表示“凡是”,由英語習(xí)慣句型決定。
例句:是人都會犯錯誤。
Every man is liable to error./ No one is free from error.是孩子他都喜歡。He loves all children.正如一句話所說,是親三分像。As an old saying goes, blood is thicker than water.是重活他都搶著干。Whenever there is a tough job, he is always the first to do it.八、表示“恰當(dāng)” 例句:屋里的家具放得都不是地方。The furniture in the room is arranged exactly where it should not be.你來得正是時候。
You have come just in the nick of time./ You can’t have come at a better come.她穿的裙子很是漂亮。
The dress looks very beautiful on her.九、表示“選擇”或“疑問” 例句:你是看電視還是聽音樂? 他不是出國了么?
十、表示“確認”,有強調(diào)的意思,一般通過助動詞、副詞或短語來體現(xiàn)。
例句:她爸爸是不同意她和湯姆來往的。
Her father does disapprove of her having anything to do with TOM.這件事他是不知道。
He certainly doesn’t know this.這孩子是可愛。
The child is lovely indeed.我不是不懂,只是不想說。
It is not that I didn’t understand, but that I didn’t want to say anything.十一、表示“特征”,一般直譯。例句:馬克思主義的基本原理是普遍適用的。
The fundamental tenets of Marxism are universally applicable.本領(lǐng)高強的人,往往是謙虛好學(xué)的。Men of capability are often modest and show a desire to learn.作戰(zhàn)時他總是身先士卒,故能所向披靡。
He was always at the head of his men in battle, and so his army was invincible.練習(xí)題
1、我們是坐船去武漢的。
2、玩弄她的感情是卑鄙的。
3、這個故事好是好,就是長了點。
4、這場火災(zāi)是他們不小心而引起的。
5、滿屋都是煙,連他衣服上都是煙味。
6、他開辦這家工廠完全是白手起7、8、9、10、11、12、家的。
這本書我是有的,可是我一下找不到。
這原來是破舊、窄小的一條舊街。
這人真討厭,總是死皮賴臉的纏著人家。
既然要搞掉他,羅織罪名還不是易如反掌。
今天開這個會啊,是想聽聽各方面的意見。
不管怎么樣,我是決意要完成這項任務(wù)的。
Keys: 1.We went to wuhan by chartered boat.2.It was mean of him to play with her/affections.3.It is a good story all right, but a bit too long.4.The fire resulted from their carelessness.5.Smoke filled the room;even his clothes smelled of smoke.6.He built up his factory literally from nothing.7.I have the book somewhere but I cannot lay my hands on it now.8.This place was originally a narrow, shabby street.9.The man is quite a nuisance;he keeps pestering/bothering others/me shamelessly.10.Now that they have decided to get rid of him, charges can easily be framed.11.Look!We are holding this meeting today to make sure that different opinions are put forward freely.12.I mean to accomplish the task, come what may happen.漢語習(xí)語的英譯處理
習(xí)語是人們在語言發(fā)展過程中,經(jīng)過長期的社會實踐提煉出來的短語或者短句,是語言的精華。從廣義上講,漢語習(xí)語包括成語、諺語、俗語、歇后語等。具體特點表現(xiàn)在:
1、習(xí)語本身是修辭手段的集中體現(xiàn),如諧音等來增加美感,如“嘴上沒毛,辦事不牢”,“吃得苦,耐得煩;不怕死,霸得蠻”;英語中的“by hook or by crook”, as red as a rose。
2、習(xí)語是語言中獨立、不規(guī)則而固定的因素。如“露出馬腳”不能說成“露出豬腳”,“雪中送炭”不能說成“雪中送煤”。基于上述特點,翻譯過程中必須注意:
1、盡量保存原文的民族特色和風(fēng)格,在可能的情況下以直譯為主。
2、不能把習(xí)語當(dāng)做普通語句處理,注意修辭美感。
一、漢語習(xí)語英譯的常用方法
1、英語同義句借用法
A: 借用意義和形象相同或相似的 B: 借用意義相同但形象不同的 例如: A:
隨大流,以牙還牙 隔墻有耳 一文不名絞盡腦汁 針鋒相對 時時刻刻 千鈞一發(fā) 渾水摸魚 swim with the tide a tooth for a tooth walls have ears
without a penny to one’s
name
to rack one’s brain give tit for tat every now and then hung by a thread to fish in troubled water
如坐針氈 a bed of thorns 謀事在人,成事在天
Man proposes, God disposes 星星之火可以燎原
Little chips light great fire.一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井繩 Once bit, twice shy.空中樓閣、君子協(xié)定、事實勝于雄辯、有其父必有其子、B:
半斤八兩 six of one and half a dozen of the other 無足輕重
of no account 錦囊妙計
ace in the hole/sleeve 非公莫入
no admittance 徒勞無益
hold a candle to the sun 茫然若失
be all adrift 水中撈月
fish in the air 乳臭未干
the smell of the baby 壽終正寢
die in the bed 一丘之貉
birds of a feather(flock together)
2、直譯法
蓬頭垢面 with disheveled hair and dirty face
求同存異 see common ground while reserving differences 撲朔迷離
complicated and confusing
樸實無華
simple and unadorned 能者多勞
the abler a man, the busier he gets.自力更生 regeneration through one’s own efforts 順?biāo)浦?push the boat with current 欺軟怕硬 bully the weak and fear the strong 半途而廢 give up halfway 口蜜腹劍 with honey on one’s lips and murder in one’s heart.有錢能使鬼推磨
If you have money you can even make the devil turn your mill(serve for you).十年樹木百年樹人
It takes ten years to grow trees but a hundred years to rear/cultivate people.路遙知馬力,日久見人心。
A long road tests a horse’s strength, while a long time proves one’s heart.天有不測風(fēng)云,人有旦夕禍福
Storms gather without warning in nature, while bad luck befalls men overnight.3、意譯法
畏首畏尾 over-cautious
不到黃河不死心
Not stop until one reaches one’s goal 獨木不成林
One person cannot accomplish much.4、節(jié)譯法 漢語習(xí)語中有些是對偶詞組,往往前后兩對含義相同
無影無蹤 vanish without a trace 長吁短嘆 千真萬確 一朝一夕 根深蒂固 不屈不撓 自給自足 經(jīng)久耐用 同心同德 清規(guī)戒律 油頭粉面 驚心動魄
sigh deeply be quite true overnight deep-rooted unswerving self-sufficient durable with one mind taboos(regulations)high-painted soul-stirring
5、直譯加注法
東施效顰 Dongshi, an ugly woman, knitting her eyebrow in imitation of the famous beauty Xi Shi only to make herself uglier—blindly copying others and making oneself look foolish.二、漢語習(xí)語中數(shù)詞的英譯
1、直譯法
千金難買一笑
A thousand pieces of gold can hardly purchase a smile.一寸光陰一寸金
An inch of time is an inch of gold.一著不慎滿盤皆輸
One careless move loses the whole game.百花齊放,百家爭鳴
Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.聽君一席話,勝讀十年書
One evening’s conversation with a gentleman is worth more than ten-year study.2、保留部分數(shù)字
殺一儆百 punish one as an example to others 三心二意 two-minded 兩面三刀 double-faced and tricky 十拿九穩(wěn) ninety percent sure
3、省略法(當(dāng)數(shù)字是虛指時)曇花一現(xiàn) be a flash in the pan 一干二凈 neat and tidy;不三不四 dubious;inappropriate 百無聊賴 to be overcome with boredom 白問不厭 to serve patiently and tirelessly 三言兩語 a few words 五谷豐登、五光十色、五湖四海、十萬火急、才高八斗、千秋萬代(throughout the ages)
第三篇:漢英段落翻譯練習(xí)
漢英段落翻譯練習(xí)
A.在巴黎,名目繁多的酒會,冷餐會是廣交朋友的好機會。在這種場合陌生人相識,如果是亞洲人,他們往往開口之前先畢恭畢敬地用雙手把自己的名片呈遞給對方,這好像是不可缺少的禮節(jié)。然而,法國人一般卻都不大主動遞送名片,雙方見面寒暄幾句,甚至海闊天空地聊一番也就各自走開,只有當(dāng)雙方談話投機,希望繼續(xù)交往時,才會主動掏出名片。二話不說先遞名片反倒顯得有些勉強。
B.來美國求學(xué)的中國學(xué)生與其他亞裔學(xué)生一樣,大多非常刻苦勤奮,周末也往往會抽出一天甚至兩天的時間去實驗室加班,因而比起美國學(xué)生來,成果出得較多。我的導(dǎo)師是亞裔人,嗜煙好酒,脾氣暴躁。但他十分欣賞亞裔學(xué)生勤奮與扎實的基礎(chǔ)知識,也特別了解亞裔學(xué)生的心理。因此,在他實驗室所招的學(xué)生中,除有一名來自德國外,其余5位均是亞裔學(xué)生。他干脆在實驗室的門上貼一醒目招牌:“本室助研必須每周工作7天,早10時至晚12時,工作時間必須全力以赴。”這位導(dǎo)師的嚴(yán)格及苛刻是全校有名的,在我所呆的3年半中,共有14位學(xué)生被招進他的實驗室,最后博士畢業(yè)的只剩下5人。1990年夏天,我不顧別人勸阻,硬著頭皮接受了導(dǎo)師的資助,從此開始了艱難的求學(xué)旅程。
C.這次到臺灣訪問交流,雖然行程匆匆,但是,看了不少地方,訪了舊友,交了新知,大家走到一起,談?wù)摰囊粋€重要話題就是中華民族在21世紀(jì)的強盛。雖然祖國大陸、臺灣的青年生活在不同的社會環(huán)境中,有著各自不同的生活經(jīng)歷,但大家的內(nèi)心都深深銘刻著中華文化優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)的印記,都擁有著振興中華民族的共同理想。在世紀(jì)之交的偉大時代,我們的祖國正在走向繁榮富強,海峽兩岸人民也將加強交流,共同推進祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)的早日完成。世紀(jì)之交的寶貴機遇和巨大挑戰(zhàn)將青年推到了歷史前臺。跨世紀(jì)青年一代應(yīng)該用什么樣的姿態(tài)迎接充滿希望的新世紀(jì),這是我們必須回答的問題。
日月潭水波不興,仿佛與我一同在思索??
D.世界上第一代博物館屬于自然博物館,它是通過化石、標(biāo)本等向人們介紹地球和各種生物的演化歷史。第二代屬于工業(yè)技術(shù)博物館,它所展示的是工業(yè)文明帶來的各種階段性結(jié)果。這兩代博物館雖然起到了傳播科學(xué)知識的作用,但是,它們把參觀者當(dāng)成了被動的旁觀者。世界上第三代博物館是充滿全新理念的博物館。在這里,觀眾可以自己去動手操作,自己細心體察。這樣,他們可以更貼近先進的科學(xué)技術(shù),去探索科學(xué)技術(shù)的奧妙。中國科技館正是這樣的博物館!它汲取了國際上一些著名博物館的長處,設(shè)計制作了力學(xué)、光學(xué)、電學(xué)、熱學(xué)、聲學(xué)、生物學(xué)等展品,展示了科學(xué)的原理和先進的科技成果。
E.人是一個非常復(fù)雜的矛盾體。為了不受干擾地工作,常常要逃避世俗的熱鬧,可一旦長期陷入孤境,又感到痛苦,感到難以忍受。
一般情況下,我喜歡孤獨。我的最大愛好是深思默想。我可以一個人長時間地獨處而感到愉快。獨享歡樂是一種愉快,獨自憂傷也是一種愉快。孤獨的時候,精神不會是一片純粹的空白,它仍然是一個豐富多彩的世界。情緒上的大歡樂和大悲痛往往都在孤獨中產(chǎn)生。孤獨中,思維可以不依照邏輯進行。孤獨更多地產(chǎn)生人生的詩情——激昂的和傷感的。孤獨可以使人的思想向更遙遠更深邃的地方伸展,也能使你對自己或環(huán)境作更透徹的認識和檢討。
當(dāng)然,孤獨常常叫人感到無以名狀的憂傷。而這憂傷有時又是很美麗的。
我喜歡孤獨。
但我也很懼怕孤獨。
F.簡·奧斯丁的小說寫的都是三五戶人家居家度日,婚戀嫁娶的小事。因此不少中國讀者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的聲譽。但一部小說開掘得深不深,藝術(shù)和思想是否有過人之處,的確不在題材大小。有人把奧斯丁的作品比作越嚼越有味道的橄欖。這不僅因為她的語言精彩,并曾對小說藝術(shù)的發(fā)展有創(chuàng)造性貢獻,也因為她的輕快活潑的敘述實際上并不那么淺白,那么透明。史密斯夫人說過,女作家常常試圖修正現(xiàn)存的價值秩序,改變?nèi)藗儗Α爸匾焙汀安恢匾钡目捶āR苍S奧斯丁的小說能教我們學(xué)會轉(zhuǎn)換眼光和角度,明察到“小事”的敘述所涉及的那些不小的問題。
G.膾炙人口的傳統(tǒng)京劇《白蛇傳》講的是傳自明朝的故事。白蛇精與青蛇精化作美女來到人間。白蛇精與一位書生相愛并生一子。禪師法海認為他們的結(jié)合違反傳統(tǒng)婚姻,傷風(fēng)敗俗,他氣急敗壞。于是他派神兵神將前來捉拿白蛇精,并將她鎮(zhèn)壓在一座塔下面。后來,青蛇精在深山中修煉,習(xí)武多年,終于砸爛了那座塔,救出白蛇精。至此,白蛇精與丈夫、兒子又得團聚。在《白》劇中,蛇被賦予了崇高的人性。
第四篇:漢英翻譯視角轉(zhuǎn)換
《漢英翻譯》補充材料
補充材料:英漢、漢英翻譯技巧:視角轉(zhuǎn)換(Shift of Perspective)E-C.1.The University of San Francisco is located near the Golden Gate Park.(語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換)
2.Her parents are both in their seventies.(表達方式的轉(zhuǎn)換)
3.If children are so well able to learn their mother tongue, it is precisely because they plunge themselves into the sea of language instead of reading a few textbooks only.(條件狀語轉(zhuǎn)換成結(jié)果狀語)
4.You can mass-produce … incredible quantities of facts and figures.You cannot mass-produce knowledge, which is created by individual minds, drawing on individual experience, separating the significant from the irrelevant.(定語從句轉(zhuǎn)換成原因狀語從句)
5.“Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the verandah, and into the porch.(介詞轉(zhuǎn)換成動詞)
6.Highway and air traffic came to a standstill in most of Eastern Washington.(名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成動詞)
7.I believe equally that it is in the interests of the world as a whole that Europe should increasingly unite and speak with a common voice.(詞序調(diào)整)
8.Little did I then know the meaning of war and what it was in reality.(詞序調(diào)整)
9.It is a good workman that never blunders.(反說正譯)10.Keep off the lawn!11.That fellow is far from being honest.12.Obviously enough, she thinks otherwise.(正說反譯)I was like that ship before education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbor was.1
《漢英翻譯》補充材料
漢譯:我在開始受教育之前,就像這樣一條船,只是沒有羅盤,沒有測深繩,也無法知道離海港有多遠。
C-E: 視角轉(zhuǎn)換,在漢英翻譯中主要表現(xiàn)有兩種類型: 1. 從與漢語不同的角度傳達同樣的信息
(1)生活中常用的“看”、“聽”、“說”的翻譯。看鐘/表
我能看出他的心事。
這東西還看得過去的話,你就買吧。
從他的話音里,我能聽出點東西來。
他姓什么,我一時說不上來。說來話長。
這可真說不過去。還是把事情說開了好。
(2)在成語的翻譯中,不同視角的轉(zhuǎn)換體現(xiàn)在形象的替代上。牛飲
甕中之鱉 膽小如鼠 自言自語 開夜車 東張西望 天長地久 魚米之鄉(xiāng) 意在言外
(3)有些情況下進行虛實互換。他們鬧著要吃小馬的喜酒
精神食糧
假眼(轉(zhuǎn)虛為實)
Fake adj(only before noun): made to look like a real material or object in order to deceive people Fake fur A fake ID card A fake 20-dollar bill A fake name Speak with a fake German accent A fake smile of friendliness
她往日得了病,茶水也不咽一口。(轉(zhuǎn)實為虛)
(4)習(xí)慣說法不一樣
《漢英翻譯》補充材料
收音耳機
你怎么戴這么深度的眼鏡?
“要搞特殊化?沒門!”
2. 與漢語相反的角度傳達同樣的信息 “安全門” 唯你是問 自學(xué) 膚淺 九五折 油漆未干 聽電話 紅眼 座鐘
墻上一個洞
我心里一個沉重的擔(dān)子放下來了。
哪兒腳痛穿鞋人最清楚。
No one knows where the shoe pinches like the wearer.留級 倒立 蛙泳 雙杠 活字典 內(nèi)部刊物 應(yīng)用題 走讀生 非處方藥 門診病人 餐具 保暖杯 汗衫 秒表 家譜
隱形眼鏡 候機室 美人計
手扶拖拉機 畫蛇添足
姐妹篇
成績報告單
《漢英翻譯》補充材料
不二價 傳銷
一次性筷子 一次性杯子 一次性包裝 練習(xí):
The following are wrong translations because of different focus in English and Chinese.1 他的身體看起來很健康 His body looks very healthy.2 那個鋪子的東西價格便宜。
The price of goods in that shop is cheap.3 這棟樓質(zhì)量不好。
The quality of this building is poor.4 這輛卡車速度很快。
The speed of this truck is quick.5 他們的工作取得了很大成績。
Their work has achieved great achievement.6 我們的事業(yè)從勝利走向勝利。
Our cause has walked from victory to victory.漢英短語的翻譯: 富足社會 a world of plenty/affluence 注意:“社會”不宜譯成“society” 2 己所不欲,勿施于人
Don’t do unto others what you don’t want others to do unto you.3 你看花眼了
Be seeing things: to imagine things that is not really there.e.g.There is no one there—you must be seeing things.4 鄉(xiāng)土觀念 sense of place ??? 5 為副尚任 vice but virtuous 6 尋根文學(xué) search-for-roots literature 7 舉雙手贊成 hands up for… 8 神來之筆 a stroke of brilliance 9 天下著大雨 The day was pouring down.注意:It was raining cats and dogs.已經(jīng)變成了cliché, 不宜使用。10 嚇傻了be frightened out of one’s wits.11 坐月子 within one’s month/in confinement e.g.the pros and cons of home versus hospital confinement 父母之命,媒妁之言:出處《孟子 滕文公下》 celestial marriage 13 社會車輛 non-public vehicles 14 家政 housewifery 15 公開講座extension course/lecture 16 掛靠公司 front company
《漢英翻譯》補充材料貴族學(xué)校 exclusive school 18 將計就計 deceive the deceiver 19 接待室,招待室 hospitality suite 20 就事論事的態(tài)度 dislinkage attitude 21 買路錢 street tax 22 視覺污染 visual disgrace 23 相親 blind date 24 異性按摩 fashion massage 25 擇優(yōu)錄取 contest mobility 26 老幼病殘弱專座 priority seating Seating 為不可數(shù)名詞 統(tǒng)稱座位 27 征婚專欄 lonely hearts column
第五篇:漢英翻譯教學(xué)資料
叩
門
茅 盾
答,答,答!我從夢中跳醒來。
——有誰在叩我的門?我迷惘地這么想。我側(cè)耳靜聽。聲音是沒有了。頭上的電燈灑一些淡黃的光在我的惺忪的臉上。紙窗和幛子依然是那么沉靜。
我翻了個身,朦朧地又將入夢,突然那聲音又將我喚醒。在答,答的響聲外,這次我又聽得了呼——呼——的巨聲。是北風(fēng)的怒吼把罷?抑是“人”的覺醒?我不能決定。但是我的血沸騰,我似乎已經(jīng)飛出了房間,跨在北風(fēng)的頸上,砉然驅(qū)馳于長空!
然而巨聲卻又模糊了,低微了,消失了;蛻化下來的只是一段寂寞的虛空。——只因為是虛空,所以才有那樣的巨聲呢!我啞然失笑,明白我是受了哄。
我睜大了眼,緊裹在深思中。許多面孔,錯落地在我眼前跳舞;許多人聲,嘈雜地在我耳邊爭訟。驀地一切都寂滅了,依然是那答,答,答的小聲從窗邊傳來,像有人在叩門。
“是誰呢?有什么事?”
我不耐煩地呼喊了。但是沒有回音。
我捻滅了電燈。窗外是青色的天空閃耀著幾點寒星。這樣的夜半,該不會有什么人來叩門,我想;而且果真是有什么人呀,那也一定是妄人;這樣喚醒類人,卻沒有回音。
但是打斷了我的感想,現(xiàn)在門外是殷殷然有些像雷鳴。自然不是蚊雷。蚊子的確還有,可是都躲在暗角里,早失卻了成雷的氣勢。我也明知道不是真雷,那在目前也還是太早。我在被臥內(nèi)翻了個身,把左耳朵貼在枕頭,心里疑惑這殷殷然的聲音只是我的耳朵的自鳴。然而忽地,又是——
答,答,答!
這第三次的叩聲,在冷空氣中擴散開來,格外的響,頗帶些凄厲的氣氛。我無論如何再耐不住了,我跳起身來,拉開了門往外望。
什么也沒有。鐮刀形的月亮在門前池中送出冷冷的微光,池畔的一排櫻樹,裸露在凝練了的空氣中,輕輕地顫著。
什么也沒有,只有一條黑狗爬在門口,側(cè)著頭,像是在那里偷聽什么,現(xiàn)在是很還休似的垂了頭,慢慢地挨到檐前的地板下,把嘴巴藏在毛茸茸的頸間,縮做了一堆。
我暫時可憐這灰色的畜生,雖然一個忿忿的怒斥掠過我的腦膜:
是你這工于吠聲吠形狀、的東西,丑人作怪似的驚醒了人,卻指給人們一個空虛!
野 草
夏衍
有這樣一個故事。
有人問:世界上有什么東西的氣力最大?回答紛紜的很,有的說“象”,有的說“獅”,有的開玩笑似的說:是“金剛”,金剛有多少氣力,當(dāng)然大家全不知道。
結(jié)果,這一切答案全不對,世界上氣力最大的,是植物的種子。一粒種子所可以顯現(xiàn)出來的力,簡直是超越一切,這兒又是一個故事。
人的頭蓋骨,結(jié)合得非常致密與堅固,生理學(xué)家和解剖學(xué)者用盡了一切的方法,要把它完整地分出來,都沒有這種力氣,后來忽然有人發(fā)明了一個方法,就是把一些植物的種子放在要解剖的頭蓋骨里,給它以溫度與濕度,使它發(fā)芽,一發(fā)芽,這些種子便以可怕的力量,將一切機械力所不能分開的骨骼,完整地分開了。植物種子力量之大,如此如此。這,也許特殊了一點,常人不容易理解,那么,你看見筍的生長嗎?你看見過被壓在瓦礫和石塊下面的一顆小草的生長嗎?它為著向往陽光,為著達成它的生之意志,不管上面的石塊如何重,石塊與石塊之間如何狹,它必定要曲曲折折地,但是頑強不屈地透到地面上來,它的根往土壤鉆,它的芽往地面挺,這是一種不可抗拒的力阻止它的石塊,結(jié)果也被它掀翻,一粒種子的力量的大,如此如此。
沒有一個人將小草叫做“大力士”,但是它的力量之大,的確是世界無比,這種力,是一般人看不見的生命力,只要生命存在,這種力就要顯現(xiàn),上面的石塊,絲毫不足以阻擋,因為它是一種“長期抗戰(zhàn)”的力,有彈性,能屈能伸的力,有韌性,不達目的不止的力。
種子不落在肥土而落在瓦礫中,有生命力的種子決不會悲觀和嘆氣,因為有了阻力才有磨礪。生命開始的一瞬間就帶了斗爭來的草,才是堅韌的草,也只有這種草,才可以傲然地對那些玻璃棚中養(yǎng)育著的盆花哄笑。
螃
蟹
魯迅
老螃蟹覺得不安了,覺得全身太硬了,自己知道要蛻殼了。
他跑來跑去的尋。他想尋一個窟穴,躲了身子,將石子堵了穴口,隱隱的蛻殼。他知道外面蛻殼是危險的。身子還軟,要被別的螃蟹吃去的。這并非空害怕,他實在親眼見過。
他慌慌張張的走。
旁邊的螃蟹問他說:“老兄,你何以這般慌?” 他說:“我要蛻殼了。“
“就在這里蛻不很好么?我還要幫你呢。” “那可太怕人了。”
“你不怕窟穴里的別的東西,卻怕我們同種么?” “我不是怕同種。” “那還怕什么?” “就怕你要吃掉我。”
終生遺憾
木木
八十年代,有一姑娘號召:1.70米以下男人均為“殘疾”。于是全國未婚女青年紛紛揭竿而起。
我細細量國九十九次自己標(biāo)高,實屬“終生殘廢”系列。
但那時年少,血旺氣盛,誓與凡俗抗?fàn)幍降祝谑沁B哄帶騙將一凈高1.74米女孩拐回家做起了太太,這一壯舉頗為“殘疾人”們揚了一段眉吐了半口氣。
將太太置回家中后我才意識到我的悲哀,這一憤世之舉不僅末了我“終生殘廢”而又平添了“終生遺憾”,我從未享受過將男人堅定有力的胳膊窩勾著太太嬌美柔滑的后脖子上街遛彎的幸福。
這一幸福對我來說不僅意味著雙腳要離開這生我養(yǎng)我的土地,而且神圣的肚臍亦將昭之于眾。
現(xiàn)在,每每出門,高揚的手臂牢牢地掛在太太肩頭,其狀如猴子緊緊扒著電桿,任憑太太在馬路上將我拖來拖去……
痛苦的我常常痛苦的想,如果能重活一回,我再也不與世俗去抗?fàn)帲驗榕c世俗抗?fàn)幨且冻龃鷥r的。