第一篇：英語文學特殊[模版]

Geoffrey Chaucer喬叟

literature“英國文學之父”

Alexander Pope 浦柏

英雄雙韻體

Richard Sheridan 謝立丹

風俗喜劇

Thomas Gray 托馬斯?格雷.Wordsworth華茲華斯Coleridge柯爾律治 Southey騷塞湖畔派lakeland poets.Thomas Hardy哈代Naturalism（自然主義）

Robert Browning 布朗寧戲劇獨白,Oscar Wilde 王爾德aestheticism唯美主義

David Herbert Lawrence D.H.勞倫斯

Samuel Beckett

Benjamin Franklin 富蘭克林

American founding fathers(建國之父)

Jonathan Edwards 愛德華茲

a theologianheritage

Waldo Ralph Emerson 愛默生Henry David Thoreau 梭羅Transcendentalists（超驗主義）

Nathaniel Hawthorne 霍桑

Emily Dickinson 狄金森

Henry James 亨利?詹姆斯

Theodore Dreiser 德萊塞American Naturalist（自然主義）

Ezra Pound（龐德）,Robert Frost 弗羅斯特

realistic depictions oflife

Wallace Stevens斯蒂文斯 emphasis on Imagination

Ernest Hemingway 海明威

later known as “the ”.Fitzgerald 菲茨杰拉德

Edward Albee 阿爾比

荒誕派

第二篇：英語特殊句式

英語特殊句式

一、代詞it作形式主語常見句型

1.It is a pity(a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, a good thing, good news,common knowledge, no wonder, a deplorable thing, etc.)that …

2.It is strange(natural, surprising, obvious, true, fortunate, good, wonderful, funny, ridiculous, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, quite clear, unusual, etc.)that …

3.It was said(reported, rumoured, announced, arranged, decided, stressed, expected, etc.)that … 4.It seems(happened, thus came about, turned out, suddenly struck me, occurred to me, etc.)that … 5.It is doubtful(not known, not decided, not made clear, to be found out, to be made clear, to be argued, to be discussed, to be decided, being discussed, being considered, a question, a mystery, debatable, uncertain, open to question, etc.)十whether/wh-詞引起的從句。

6.It doesn’t matter(doesn’t make too much difference, doesn’t seem to matter much, doesn’t alter the situation, is of little consequence, doesn’t affect us, etc.)十whether/wh-引導的從句。

7.It is+過去分詞(said/reported/announced/decided/expected/hoped/known/ believed/rumored, announced, arranged…)that…

[注意]在It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposed…that…的主語從句中用(should)+ 動詞原形形式的虛擬語氣。如：

二、代詞it作形式賓語常見句型

1.it代替不定式短語：think/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard…+ it +形容詞/名詞+不定式短語。2.動詞(appreciate, enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer)＋it＋when / if 從句。

三、含it 的常用句型

1.It is/was +被強調部分+ that/ who + 其他成分

2.It’s +介詞地點狀語+ that…(強調句)；It’s +地點名詞+ where…(定語從句)如：

It is the town where I was born.這是我出生的鎮子。

(the town 為地點名詞，定語從句)It was in the town that I was born.我出生在這個鎮子。(in the town為地點狀語，強調句型)3.It’s +時間名詞+ when…(時間狀語從句)；It’s +時間狀語+that…(強調句)如：

It was at 8 o’clock that he returned.他是在八點鐘回來的。(at 8 o’clock是時間狀語，強調句)It was 8 o’clock when he returned.他回來的時候是八點鐘。(8 o’clock 是時間名詞，時間狀語從句)4.if it is convenient to you 如果你方便的話。如：

If it is convenient to you, you can start tomorrow.如果方便的話，你明天可以動身。5.believe it or not 信不信由你，如：

Believe it or not, I’ll go abroad next month.不管你信還是不信，我下個月要出國。

6.It’s(high/about)time that…did / should do …(定語從句+虛擬語氣)如：

It is time that I went and picked up my daughter from school.我該去學校接我女兒放學了。It’s high time that we stopped/should stop this practice.我們的確該停止這種做法了。7.It is /has been…since…did…(時間狀語從句)如：

It is just a week since we arrived here.我們來這里已一星期了。

8.It won’t/wouldn’t be+時間段+before…用不了多長時間就會…，過不了多久就……

It will be+時間段+before+一般現在時 要過多久才…，強調事情發生的晚或慢

It may be +時間段+before+一般現在時 也許要過多久才 It wasn’t +時間段+before…沒過多長時間就…，不久就……

It was+時間段+before…過了多長時間才… 如：

It will be a long time before we finish the task.我們還需要很長時間才能完成這項任務。It wasn’t long before he learned to use the computer.不久他就學會使用計算機了。

It was some time before he told me about this affair.過了一段時間之后他告訴了我這件事。It won’t be long before we meet again.不久之后我們還會再見面的。

四、易混用其他句型

1.There is something/nothing wrong/ the matter with sb./ sth.如： There is nothing wrong /the matter with him.He’s just pretending.2.There is no doubt about…對…毫不懷疑；There is no doubt that…對…毫不懷疑 如： There is no doubt about his suitability for the job.毫無疑問，他適合這個工作。There is no doubt about the fact.關于這個事實毫無懷疑。

There is no doubt that he is hard to deal with.毫無置疑他很難對付。3.There is no need(for sb.)to do sth.沒必要… 如：

There was no need for him to remain in Paris.他沒有必要繼續留在巴黎。There is no need for you to start yet.你現在還不必動身。

4.There is no/a possibility that… …沒可能/有可能(= It is impossible/possible that …)如： There is a possibility that the train may be late.可能火車要晚點。

There is no possibility that we’ll see him this weekend.我們本周末不可能見到他。5.There is a chance that …可能… 如：

There is a chance that the sick child will get well.這個生病的孩子可能會好起來的。6.There be no/ some differences between…and……和…之間沒/有區別

如：

There are some differences between the two languages.這兩種語言之間有些區別。7.After what seemed +時間 如：

After what seemed a very long time, the wounded soldier came back to life.在經過似乎很長的一段時間之后，那個受傷的士兵蘇醒了過來。8.There be difficulty/ trouble(in)doing sth.干…有困難 如： There was no difficulty in finding him.找到他沒費什么事。

五、not … until … 句型的強調句

1.結構：It is/ was not until + 被強調部分 + that + 其他部分 He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.強調句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.She didn't remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home.倒裝： 強調句：

第三篇：英語文學簡愛讀后感

Abstract:

The thesis focuses on the analysis of themes of Jane Eyre and the heroine Jane's differences from Lin Daiyu andfrom my own perpestive.In the first part, I stated the brief plots of the novel and next analyse the character Jane from some certain aspects.Key word:

Major plot, comment, themes, characteristics, Jane, comparison, analysis

Introduction:

Jane Eyre is a English novel by Charlotte Bronte, the eldest of the three Bronte sisters whose novels are English literature standards.Jane Eyre tells a story about the heroine Jane Eyre's maturation, focusing on the emotions and experiences that accompanies growth to adulthood, the strong sense of social morality and the powerful contend for her own fate.In the novel, Jane Eyre is an orphan whose parents died when she was very young, so she was looked after by her aunt, her only relative, who abused her.Then she was sent to Lowood School where she suffered humiliation and cruel control.Later, she grew to be a tutor in Thornfield Garden and fell in love with the owner Rochester, a man with warm heart despite of cold appearance outside.But After Jane and Rochester fell in love with each other and got down to get marry, she unfortunately came to know in fact Rochester had got a legal but insane wife.So she left

Rochester.But at last, after a series of difficulties, they finally got reunion.Comment:

Jane Eyre is one of the most great novels in the history of literature.Just as it is said in the introduction, the growth of the heroine Jane Eyre runs through the whole book.As a child, Jane was a brave girl who never gave in to Mrs.Reed and John Reed's pressure and resisted them in order to get her own freedom.There are some major themes in the novel, such as morality, God and religion, social class, gender relations, love and passion, feminism, atonement and forgiveness and so on.As for morality, Jane refuses to become Mr.Rochester's paramour because of her “impassioned self-respect and moral conviction.” She rejects St.John Rivers' Puritanism as much as the libertine aspects of Mr.Rochester's character.Instead, she works out a morality expressed in love, independence, and forgiveness.Throughout the novel, Jane endeavours to attain an equilibrium between moral duty and earthly happiness.She despises the hypocritical puritanism of Mr.Brocklehurst, and sees the deficiencies in St.John Rivers' detached devotion to his Christian duty.As a child she partly admires Helen Burns' turning the other cheek, which helps her to forgive Aunt Reed and the Reed cousins.Although she does not seem to subscribe to any of the standard forms of popular Christianity, she honours traditional morality – in particular in not marrying Rochester

until he is widowed.The last sentence of the novel is a prayer on behalf of St.John Rivers.Religion acts to moderate her behaviour but she never represses her true self.Jane's ambiguous social position — a penniless yet moderately educated orphan from a good family — leads her to criticize discrimination based on class.Although she is educated, well-mannered, and relatively sophisticated, she is still a governess, a paid servant of low social standing, and therefore powerless.Nevertheless, Jane possesses certain class prejudices herself, as is made clear when she has to remind herself that her unsophisticated village pupils at Morton “are of flesh and blood as good as the scions of gentlest genealogy.” A particularly important theme in the novel is the depiction of a patriarchal society.Jane attempts to assert her own identity within male-dominated society.Three of the main male characters, Mr.Brocklehurst, Mr.Rochester and St.John Rivers, try to keep Jane in a subordinate position and prevent her from expressing her own thoughts and feelings.Jane escapes Mr.Brocklehurst and rejects St.John, and she only marries Mr.Rochester once she is sure that their marriage is one between equals.A central theme in Jane Eyre is that of the clash between conscience and passion-which one is to adhere to, and how to find a middle ground between the two.Jane, extremely passionate yet also dedicated to a close personal relationship with God, struggles between either extreme for much of the novel.An instance of her leaning towards conscience over passion can be

seen after it has been revealed that Mr.Rochester already has a wife, when Jane is begged to run away with Mr.Rochester and become his mistress.Up until that moment, Jane had been riding on a wave of emotion, forgetting all thoughts of reason and logic, replacing God with Mr.Rochester in her eyes, and allowing herself to be swept away in the moment.However, once the harsh reality of the situation sets in, Jane does everything in her power to refuse Mr.Rochester, despite almost every part of her rejecting the idea and urging her to just give into Mr.Rochester's appeal.As a self assured and established man, Mr.Rochester naturally assumes the position of the master in their relationship.He tends to demand rather than question Jane, manipulate and assess her feelings towards him however he wishes, and enjoy propping up Jane through excessive gifts and luxuries that only he would have been able to provide.Jane, however, believes in the importance of women's independence, and strives to maintain a position in life devoid of any debts to others.Much of the religious concern in Jane Eyre has to do with atonement and forgiveness.Mr.Rochester is tormented by his awareness of his past sins and misdeeds.He frequently confesses that he has led a life of vice, and many of his actions in the course of the novel are less than commendable.Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative of the title character who is powerful in will, independent, fearless, intellectual, upright, and kind and strive for freedom and equality in all her growth process.Analysis:

After reading the novel, I find that Jane is so different from the other heroines in most novels.First, Jane is poor but aspiring, small in body but huge in soul, obsure but self-respecting.And after reading the book, we can feel we are encouraged or inspired by her coverage, her faith in equality, he strong power for freedom and independence.The most inspiring word I have read in the book is her response to the harsh words of the supervisor of the Lowood School Mr.Brocklehurst when he threatens the young girl.That is:

Mr.Blocklehurst: “where do bad people go after death? ”

Jane :“ They go to hell.”

Mr.Blocklehurst:“ And how will you keep away from hell?”

Jane:“ I must keep in good health and not die.”

That conversation has impressed me a lot.Jane is subject to cold rooms, poor meals, and thin clothing.But she never lose the faith to live on and to be strong.Second, we can compare Jane with the heroinein the novel of Vanity Fair.Jane wants to live independently and respectfully and equally to men through her own efforts.From the beginning on, she never try to use other tricks to get successful.However, in Vanity Fair,always tries to go into the upper class through marring a upper class man to change her fate although her herself is as clever as Janer and has the ability to live better through her own efforts.Thirdly, the views of love of

Jane and other major women characters are also different.Still compare with, who uses every tricks to flatter upper-class men that may change her fate.While Jane only wants to change her fate through ther own efforts.Compared with Lin Daiyu in the Chinese novel The Red Mansion, the different ending of the two characters shows the differences between the view of love in them.Many various factors contribute to the different views of love in them.Lin Daiyu is weak and has strong rebellious characteristics and she is too proud to get along with the other family members, which contradicts to the society at that time.However, Jane is strong in will and independent and advocates that everyone is equal as well as love.Compared with Lin, she knows much more about strategies and sense.So that is my own prospective about Jane.As for the whole novel, it has taught me a lot in pursuing what we want and do what we should do.No matter how hard life is, we first should have a heart of freedom and independence.No matter how poor or how plain we are, we should keep a noble heart.Conclusion:

As a plain woman in appearance but strong one in heart, Jane is like a distinctive and fresh and elegant lotus in the capital-first capitalism society bringing hope for people who are striving in the dark society and encourages many women to fight for their equality and freedom.Even up to now, Jane is still one of the most admired and loved character in

people's mind especially women's.The novel benefits me a lot and gives me a kind of different perspective of knowing that period of literature and society.

第四篇：英語文學世界名著書目

英語文學世界名著書目

必讀書目：

1．Jane Eyre(Charlotte Bronte)《簡愛》夏洛蒂·勃朗特

2．The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn(Mark Twain)《哈克貝利·弗恩歷險記》馬克·吐溫

3．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer(Mark Twain)《湯姆.索亞歷險記》馬克·吐溫

4．The French Lieutenant’s Woman(John Fowles)《法國中尉的女人》約翰·福爾斯

5．Tess of the D’Urbervilles(Tomas Hardy)《德伯家的苔絲》托馬斯·哈代

6．Rebecca(Daphne du Maurier)《蝴蝶夢》達夫妮.杜穆里埃

7．David Copperfield(Charles Dickens)《大衛科波菲爾》查爾斯.狄更斯

8．Great Expectations(Charles Dickens)《遠大前程》查爾斯.狄更斯

9．Treasure Island(Robert Louis Stevenson)《金銀島》羅伯特.路易斯.史蒂文森

10． Gone with the Wind(Margaret Mitchell)《飄》瑪格麗特.米切爾

11．Pride and Prejudice(Jane Austin)《傲慢與偏見》簡·奧斯丁

12． Lord Jim(Joseph Conrad)《吉姆老爺》約瑟夫.康拉德

13． The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes(Arthur Conan Doyle)《福爾摩斯探案集》亞瑟·柯

南·道爾

14． A Passage to India(E.M.Forster)《印度之行》E·M·福斯特

15． Robison Crusoe(Daniel Defoe)《魯濱遜漂流記》丹尼爾.笛福

16． Uncle Tom’s Cabin(Harriet Beecher Stowe)《湯姆叔叔的小屋》斯托夫人

17． Martin Eden(Jack London)《馬丁·伊登》杰克·倫敦

18． Catch-22(Joseph Heller)《第二十二條軍規》約瑟夫·海勒

19． The Invisible Man(H.G.Wells)《隱形人》

20． Sister Carrie(Theodore Dreiser)《嘉莉妹妹》西奧多·德萊塞

21． Jude the Obscure(Thomas Hardy)《無名的裘德》托馬斯·哈代

22． The Old and the Sea(Ernest Hemingway)《老人與海》歐內斯特·米勒爾·海明威

23． An American Tragedy(Theodore Dreiser)《美國悲劇》西奧多·德萊塞

24． Great Gatsby(F.Scott Fitzgerald)《了不起的蓋茨比》斯各特·菲茨杰拉德

25． The Sun Also Rises(Ernest Hemingway)《太陽照樣升起》歐內斯特·米勒爾·海明威

26． The Woman Warrior(Maxine Hong Kingston)《女勇士》湯亭亭

27． The Call of the Wild(Jack London)《荒野的歡呼》杰克·倫敦

28． A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man(James Joyce)《青年藝術家畫像》喬伊斯

29． The Picture of Dorian Gray(Oscar Wilde)《格雷的畫像》奧斯卡·王爾德

30． Mrs.Dalloway(Virginia Woolf)《黛洛維夫人》維吉尼亞?吳爾芙

31． To the Lighthouse(Virginia Woolf)《到燈塔去》維吉尼亞?吳爾芙

32． The Catcher in the Rye(J.D.Salinger)《麥田里的守望者》塞林格

33． The Grapes of Wrath(John Steinbeck)《憤怒的葡萄》約翰·史坦貝克

34． Wuthering Heights(Emily Bronte)《呼嘯山莊》艾米莉·勃朗特

35． Sophie’s Choice(William Styron)《蘇菲的抉擇》威廉·斯泰倫

36． Little Women(Louisa May Alcott)《小婦人》露意莎.梅.奧爾科特

推薦書目：

37． Hamlet(Shakespeare)《哈姆雷特》莎士比亞

38． Romeo and Juliet(Shakespeare)《羅密歐朱麗葉》莎士比亞

39． Othello(Shakespeare)《奧瑟羅》莎士比亞

40． King Lear(Shakespeare)《李爾王》莎士比亞

41． Macbeth(Shakespeare)《麥克白》莎士比亞

42． The Merchant of Venice(Shakespeare)《維納斯商人》莎士比亞

43． Twelfth Night(Shakespeare)《第十二夜》莎士比亞

44． A Midsummer Night’s Dream(Shakespeare)《仲夏夜之夢》莎士比亞

45． The Taming of the Shrew(Shakespeare)《馴悍婦》莎士比亞

46． Gulliver’s Travels(Jonathan Swift)《格列佛游記》

47． Vanity Fair(William M.Thackeray)喬納森.斯威夫待

48． The Red Badge of Courage(Steven Crane)《紅色英勇勛章》斯蒂芬.克萊恩

49． Go Down, Moses(William Faulkner)《去吧，摩西》威廉·福克納

50． The Sound and the Fury(William Faulkner)《喧嘩與騷動》威廉·福克納

51． Light in August(William Faulkner)《八月之光》威廉·福克納

52． The Scarlet Letter(Nathaniel Hawthorne)《紅字》納撒內尼·霍桑

53． The Bluest Eye(Toni Morrison)《最藍的眼睛》托妮·莫里森

54． Beloved(Toni Morrison)《寵兒》托妮·莫里森

55． The Color Purple(Alice Walker)《紫色》艾麗斯·沃克

56． The Age of Innocence(Edith Warren)《純真年代》

57． All the King’s Men(Robert Penn Warren)《國王班底》羅伯特·佩·華倫

58． Women in Love(D.H.Lawrence)《戀愛中的女人》D.H.勞倫斯

59． Heart of Darkness(Joseph Conrad)《黑暗之心》約瑟夫.康拉德

60． Middle March(George Eliot)《米德爾馬契》喬治.艾略特

補充書目：

1.The Good Earth(Pearl Buck)《大地》賽珍珠

2.Pilgrim’s Progress(Paul Bunyan)《天路歷程》班揚

3.Alice in Wonderland(Lewis Carroll)《愛麗絲夢游仙境》路易斯·卡洛

4.My Antonia(Willa Cather)《我的安東尼婭》薇拉·凱瑟

5.Don Quixote de la Mancha(Miguel de Cervantes Saavedrea)《唐吉訶德》塞萬提斯

6.The Canterbury Tales(Geoffrey Chaucer)《坎特伯雷故事集》喬叟

7.Last of the Mohicans(James Fenimore Cooper)《最后的摩根戰士》詹姆斯·費尼莫爾·庫

柏

8.Two Years Before the Mast(Richard Henry Dana)《七海豪俠》

9.Crime an Punishment(Dostoevsky)《《罪與罰》陀思妥耶夫斯基

10.The Hound of the Baskervilles(Arthur Conan Doyle)《福爾摩斯偵探小說全集》亞瑟·柯

南·道爾

11.The Three Musketeers(Alexander Dumas)《三個火槍手》大仲馬

12.Mill on the Floss(George Eliot)《弗羅斯河上的磨坊》喬治.艾略特

13.The Reivers(William Faulkner)《流氓好漢》威廉·福克納

14.Tom Jones(Henry Fielding)《湯姆·瓊斯》亨利·菲爾丁

15.Madame Bovary(Gustave Flaubert)《包法利夫人》福樓拜

16.The Return of the Native(Thomas hardy)《還鄉》托馬斯·哈代

17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.The luck of Roaring Camp(F.Bret Harte)《咆哮營的幸運》布雷特·哈特 Farewell to Arms(Ernest Hemingway)《永別了，武器》歐內斯特.海明威 Good-bye Mr.Chips(James Hilton)《萬世師表》詹姆斯·希爾頓 The Iliad and the Odyssey(Homer)《伊里亞特與奧德賽》荷馬 Les Miserables(Victor Hugo)《悲慘世界》 雨果 Ramona(Helen Jackson)Portrait of a Lady(Henry James)《婦人的肖像》亨利·詹姆斯 Sons and Lovers(D.H.Lawrence)《兒子與情人》D.H.勞倫斯 Main Street(Sinclair Lewis)《大街》辛克來·劉易斯 The Magic Mountain(Thomas Mann)《魔山》托馬斯·曼 Of Human Bondage(Somerset W.Maugham)《人性的枷鎖》索默斯特·毛姆 Moby Dick(Herman Melville)《白鯨》赫爾曼·梅爾維爾 Remembrance of Things Past(Marcel Proust)《追憶似水年華》馬塞爾·普魯斯特 All Quiet on the Western Front(Erich Maria Remarque)《新西線無戰事》埃里希.馬里亞.雷馬克 Cyrano de Bergerac(Edmond Rostand)《大鼻子情圣》艾德蒙德·羅斯坦德 Ivanhoe(Sir Walter Scott)《劫后英雄傳》沃爾特·司各特 Complete Works(William Shakespeare)《莎士比亞全集》威廉·莎士比亞 The Jungle(Upton Sinclair)《森林王子》辛克萊，U War and Peace(Leo Tolstoy)《戰爭與和平》列夫·托爾斯泰 Kristin Lavransdatter(Sigrid Undset)西格麗德·溫塞特 Around the World in 80 Days(Jules Verne)《80天環游世界》儒勒·凡爾納 Ethan Frome(Edith Wharton)《伊坦·弗洛美》沃頓·伊迪絲 The Bridge of San Luis Rey(Thornton Wilder)《圣路易斯雷的大橋》 Look Homeward Angel(Thomas Wolfe)《天使，望故鄉》托馬斯·沃爾夫

第五篇：1 中古英語文學

中古英語文學

8世紀-15世紀大多數是口述的，異教的《貝奧武夫》被認為是古代英語文學的開端，也是英語語言的最古老的詩歌。諾曼入侵之后，傳奇逐漸成為文學的主要形式。

OldEnglish/Alliteration/Epic/Romance/Ballad Geoffrey Chaucer（英語詩歌之父）: 14世紀被稱為喬叟的時代。The Canterbury Tales（坎特伯雷故事集）

King Alfred（英國散文之父，翻譯了大量拉丁文文獻）：

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle（盎格魯—撒克遜編年史）文藝復興時期

16世紀-17世紀 這個時期常被稱為為莎士比亞時期或是伊麗莎白時代。同一時期佛朗西斯·培根也是著名人物。斯賓塞體、無韻詩、十四行詩

Edmund Spencer（詩人中的詩人）:

The Farie Queene（仙后）典型的斯賓塞體

Thomas More

（英國文藝復興的領導者）: Utopia（烏托邦）

Francis Bacon

（唯物主義哲學奠基人，英國第一個散文家）:

Of Studies（論學習）/Of Travel/Of Wisdom

Christopher Marlow

（劇作家，屬于“大學才子”，首先創造無韻詩）:

The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus（浮士德博士的悲劇）

William Shakespeare

（英國最偉大的劇作家，英語文學現實主義的奠基人之一，共寫過37部劇作，包括16部喜劇，11部悲劇，10部歷史劇，154首14行詩）: 4

大

喜

劇： A Midsummer Night’s Dream The Merchant of Venice As You Like It（皆大歡喜）Twelfth Night； 4大悲劇： Hamlet/ King Lear/ Macbeth/

Othello；

最著名的歷史劇為： Henry 4/Henry5

John Donne

（詩人，玄學派詩人代表人物）: The Songs and Sonnets（歌謠與十四行詩）

A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning（別離辭·節哀）

John Milton

（革命時期最偉大詩人）： Paradise Lost/

Paradise Regained/

悲劇：

Samson Agonistes（力士參孫）

新古典時期

17世紀中期-18世紀 本時期是受到啟蒙運動的影響，主要為現實主義的特點，散文體為主prose，報紙和雜志開始出現。寓言（allegory）

John Bunyan: The Pilgrim Progress（天路歷程）

John Dryden（詩人、劇作家、文學評論家、英語評論家之父，所創造的英雄雙韻體成為英語詩歌的一種標準）: All For Love（一切為了愛）

Alexander Pope（詩人，18世紀稱為Pope時代，新古典學派的代表人物，）: The Rape of the Lock（奪發記）/ An Essay on Man（論人類）

Samuel Johnson（新古典作家和字典編纂者）: A Dictionary of the English Language（英語字典）

Daniel Defoe

（現實主義小說奠基人，英語和歐洲小說之父）:

Robinson Crusoe（魯賓遜漂流記）

Jonathan Swift

（現實主義小說家）: Gulliver’s Travel/

A Modest Proposal（一個小小的建議）

Henry Fielding

（現實主義小說家，現實主義小說奠基人，英國小說之父）：

The History of Tom Jones, a Founding（棄兒約翰·瓊斯的歷史）

William Blake

（前浪漫主義詩人）: 詩集：

Songs of Innocence（天真之歌）包括著名詩歌： The Lamb（羔羊）；

The Experience（經驗之歌）包括詩歌： The Tiger/

London/

The Chimney Sweeper（掃煙囪的小孩）

Robert Burns

（前浪漫主義詩人，蘇格蘭農民詩人）:

A red, Red Rose（一朵紅紅的玫瑰）/Auld Lang Syne（友誼天長地久）浪漫主義時期

18世紀-19世紀中期 開始于抒情歌謠集，以沃爾特·司各特去世為終止。威廉·華茲華斯、塞繆爾·泰勒、羅伯特·騷塞是浪漫主義第一代人，也稱為湖畔派詩人。喬治·拜倫、波西·雪萊、約翰·濟慈為第二代。

William Wordsworth

（桂冠詩人）:

Lyrical Ballads是華茲華斯和柯勒律治的共同作品，其中最有名的是華茲華斯的Tintern Abbey（丁登寺旁）和Lines Written in Early Spring（寫于早春）。

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud（我好似一朵流云獨自漫游）The Solitary Reaper（孤獨的割麥女）

Samuel Taylor Coleridge（偉大的詩人和文學批評家）: 和華茲華斯合著詩集，最著名的詩歌The Rime of the Ancient Mariner（古舟子詠）

Robert Southey（湖畔派詩人中最年輕的，1813年被封為“桂冠詩人”）：

The Battle of Blenheim（布萊尼姆之戰）

George Gordon Bryon: Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage（恰爾德·哈羅德游記）/ Don Juan（唐璜）/ She Walks in Beauty（她走在美的光影）/ When We Two Parted（昔日依依別）

Percy Bysshe Shelley:

戲劇：

Prometheus Unbound（解放了的普羅米修斯）/ 詩歌：

Ode to the West/To a Skylark（云雀頌）

John Keats: Ode on a Grecian（希臘古甕頌）/Ode to a Nightingale（夜鶯頌）/ Ode to Autumn（秋頌）Charles Lamb

（這一時期最好的散文家）:

Tales of Shakespeare（莎士比亞戲劇故事集）

Walter Scott

（蘇格蘭歷史小說家）: Ivanhoe（艾凡赫）

Jane Austin

（英國第一位女性小說家）: Pride and Prejudice/ Emma/

Sense and Sensibility（理智與情感）

5維多利亞時期

19世紀早期-20世紀初期 批判現實主義出現，小說是這一時期的主要特點。

Charles Dickens

（維多利亞時代最著名的作家）: Pickwick Papers（匹克威克外傳）Oliver Twist

The Old Curiosity Shop（老古玩店）Dombey and Son（父與子）David Copperfield（大衛·科波菲爾）Great Expectation（遠大前程）A Tales of Two Cities

William Makepeace Thackeray: Vanity Fair（名利場）

Charlotte Bronte:

Jane Eyre

Emily Bronte: Wuthering Heights Anne Bronte:

Agnes Grey（安格尼斯·格雷）

George Eliot:

The Mill on the Floss（佛洛斯河上的磨坊）

Silas Marner（織工馬南傳）

Alfred Tennyson

（詩人）:

Break, Break, Break（拍岸曲）

Robert Browning:

My Last Duchess（我的前公爵夫人）Meeting at night（深夜幽會）

Elizabeth Browning（前者妻子，女詩人）: The Cry of the Children 現代主義時期

19世紀末開始 主要特點是普通英國人的生活，象征主義、意識流、自然主義代替了現實主義。Oscar Wilde（愛爾蘭詩人、作家和主要唯美主義者，唯美主義和頹廢派代表人物）: The Picture Of Dorian Gray（道林·格雷的畫像）

The Happy Prince（快樂王子）

Thomas Hardy:

The Mayor of Casterbridge（卡斯特橋市長）

Tess of the D’urbervilles（德伯家的苔絲）

Jude the Obscure（無名的裘德）

George Bernard Shaw（蘇格蘭劇作家）: Man and Superman（人與超人）Major Barbara（巴巴拉上校）Pygmalion（皮革馬利翁）

William Butler Yeats

（愛爾蘭詩人劇作家）:

Sailing to Byzantium（航向拜占庭）The Second Coming（第二次降臨）Leda and the Swan（麗達與天鵝）When you are Old

D.H.Lawrence:

Sons and Lovers（兒子與情人）The Rainbow（虹）

Women in Love（戀愛中的女人）Lady Chatterley’s Lover（查泰來夫人的情人）

James Joyce

（愛爾蘭小說家，意識流的創始人）:

Dubliners（都伯林人）

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man（一個青年藝術家的畫像）Ulyses（尤利西斯）

Finnegans Wake（芬尼根守靈人）

Virginia Woolf（現代主義代表人物，20世紀創新小說家之一）:

Mrs.Dalloway（黛洛維夫人）To The Lighthouse（到燈塔去）

The Wavers（海浪）

A Room of one’s Own（自己的房間）Three Guineans（三枚金幣）殖民地時期 16世紀末-17世紀中期

主要記述殖民地時期的歷史較多，游記等等。

The Bay Psalmbook（海灣圣詩）北美出版的第一本書，是由希伯來語翻譯過來民歌體圣詩集

John Winthrop:

習慣用語

city upon a hill 來源于其作品

John Smith:

A True Relation of Virginia（關于佛吉尼亞的真實敘述，1608年，美國文學的第一個作家）獨立革命時期

17時期中期-18世紀末

大多數革命寫作都是政治性的，開始出現詩歌。

Benjamin Franklin:

Declaration of Independence Poor Richard’s Almanac（窮理查德年鑒）

The Autobiography（自傳）

Thomas Paine: Common Sense

The American Crisis（美國危機）

Thomas Jefferson（美國第三任總統）:

Declaration of Independence

Philip Freneau

（美國獨立革命詩人，美國詩歌之父）:

The Wild Honey Suckle 浪漫主義時期

（又稱為美國的文藝復興，強調感情、感覺，而不是理性和嘗試，超驗主義是浪漫主義的成熟期）18世紀末-19世紀中后期 Washington Irving

（美國文學之父，擅長短篇小說）: Rip Van Winkle

the Legend of sleepy Hollow the Sketch Book（美國文學史上第一部短篇小說）（標志著美國浪漫主義時期的開始）

William Cullen Bryant（美國首位浪漫派詩人，美國的“華斯華茲”）： To a Waterfowl

Thanatopsis（死亡隨想）

James Fenimore Copper（美國民族文學的奠基人）: Leatherstocking Tales（皮襪子五部曲）

the Last of Mohicans（最后的莫西干人）

Ralph Waldo Emerson

（超驗主義中心人物）：

Nature（自然）被認為是美國超驗主義的宣言

Henry David Thoreau: Walden（瓦爾登湖）

Civil Disobedience（論公民的不服從）

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow（美國第一個寫敘述詩歌的詩人）: the Song of Hiawatha（海華沙之歌，描寫印第安人的第一部作品）Evangeline（伊萬杰琳）A Psalm of Life（人生贊禮）曾經翻譯過但丁的神曲

Nathaniel Hawthrone（美國科幻小說第一人）: the Scarlet Letter

the house of the Seven Gables（有七個尖角閣樓的房子）

Mosses from an Old House（古屋青苔）

Edgar Allan Poe（美國偵探小說之父）: 詩歌：

the Raven（烏鴉）/

Annabel Lee（安娜貝爾·李）To Helen（致海倫）； 小說：

the Fall of the House Asher（厄舍古屋的倒塌）

Herman Melville: Moby Dick（白鯨）

Emily Dickinson（其作品的主題主要與宗教、生活和死亡有關）: Because I Could Not Stop for Death（因為我不能死亡）/ I’m Nobody: Who Are You（我是無名小卒，你是誰？）

Walt Whitman（偉大的民族主義詩人，第一個自由體詩人）: Leaves of Grass（草葉集）標志著美國浪漫主義時期的結束現實主義時期

19世紀中期-20世紀初 Harriet Beecher Stove: Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Henry James

（美國現實主義三位代表人物： 馬克吐溫、迪恩豪威爾斯、亨利詹姆斯，心理分析小說奠基人）:

the Portrait of a Lady（貴婦人畫像）/

the Wings of the Dove（鴿翼）/ the Ambassador/ the Golden Bowl/ Daisy Miller

William Dean Howells

（現實主義文學奠基人）: The Rise of Silas Lapham（塞拉斯·拉帕姆的發跡）

Mark Twain

（威廉福克納稱其為美國文學之父，鄉土文學代表）:

the Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County（卡拉韋拉斯郡著名的跳蛙）/ the Gilded Age/

the Adventure of Tom Sawyer/ the Prince and the Pauper（王子和貧兒）/

the Adventure of Huckleberry Finn

Stephen Crane

（自然主義代表人物）:

the Red Badge of Courage（紅色英勇勛章）

Theodore Dreiser

（最偉大的自然主義作家）: Sister Carrie

An American Tragedy Trilogy of Desire

(Financier/the Titan/ Stotic（斯多葛）)

Jack London

（自然主義代表人物）: the Call of Nature/

Love of Life（熱愛生命）/ Martin Eden（馬丁·伊登）

O.Henry

（自然主義作家，短篇小說之父）: the Gifts from Magi/the Cop and the Anthem（警察與贊美詩）現代主義時期 20世紀（核心在一二次世界大戰之時，標志性運動是意象派）Ernest Hemingway（迷惘一代的代言人，1954年獲諾貝爾文學獎）:

the Sun Also Rise（太陽照常升起）（第一部小說）A Farewell to Arms For Whom the Bell Tolls the Old Man and the Sea

Ezra Pound（美國現代詩歌之父、最重要的意象派詩人之一）: 史詩：

The Cantos《詩章》 閱讀最多的就是

In a Station of the Metro《在地鐵站》

Robert Frost（新英格蘭詩人，四次普利策獎）：詩集：

Mending Wall（修墻）

the Road Not Taken（未選擇的路）Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening（雪夜林邊小住）

Desert Places（荒蕪地帶）

T.S.Eliot

（美國出生英語詩人，1948年獲得諾貝爾文學獎）: The Waste Land

Four Quarters（四個四重奏）

William Faulkner

（20世紀最重要的南方作家，1950年獲得諾貝爾文學獎，現代主義最重要的作家之一）:

the Sound and the Fury（喧嘩與騷動）

Light in August（八月之光）Absalom, Absalom（押沙龍，押沙龍）

Francis Scott Fitzgerald（爵士樂時代的代言人）:

the Great Gatsby（了不起的蓋茨比）

Tender is the Night（夜色溫柔）

John Steinbeck

（1962年獲得諾貝爾文學獎）: the Grapes of Wrath（憤怒的葡萄）

Eugene Gladstone O’Neil（劇本作家，1936年貨諾貝爾文學獎，4次普利策獎）: the Hairy Ape（毛猿）

Pearl S.Buck

（美國歷史上第一個獲得諾貝爾文學家的女性作家）:

The Good Earth（大地）取材于中國的農村地區。1945年以來的文學

垮掉的一代 黑色幽默

Allen Ginsberg

（垮掉一代的代表人物）: Howl（嚎叫）

Joseph Heller

（黑色幽默的代表人物）:

Catch 22（黑色幽默代表作品）

Tennessee Williams

（美國戰后最偉大的劇作家）: A Street Car Named Desire（欲望號街車）

Arthur Miller

（被稱為美國的易卜生）: Death of Salesman All My Son