第一篇：中考動(dòng)詞講解精品2

動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)

（一）語態(tài)：

主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

例如：Many people speak Chinese.謂語：speak的動(dòng)作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。

被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。

例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主語English是動(dòng)詞speak的承受者。

（二）被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。現(xiàn)以speak為例說明被動(dòng)語態(tài)在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am／is／are＋spoken;一般過去時(shí)：was／were＋spoken

一般將來時(shí)：will／shall be＋spoken;現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am／is／are being＋spoken

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were being＋spoken;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have／has been＋spoken

過去完成時(shí)：

had been + spoken過去將來時(shí)：would be+過去分詞

含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

We can repair this watch in two days.→This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.→It should be done at once.（三）被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法

（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。（不知道是誰偷的）This bridge was founded in 1981.這座橋竣工于1981年。

（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

例如：This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。

Your homework must be finished on time.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時(shí)完成。

（四）主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法

?主動(dòng)語態(tài) 謂語賓語狀語

?被動(dòng)語態(tài)

主語謂語賓語狀語

（1）把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。

（2）把謂語變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（be＋過去分詞）（根據(jù)被動(dòng)語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動(dòng)語態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來決定be的形式）。

（3）把主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。例如：

All the people laughed at him.→ He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.→ The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree.→ A tree was cut down by him.（五）被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊情況：

1、不及物動(dòng)詞不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

Appear, rise, die, happen, occur, lie, depart, belong to, break out, take place等不及物動(dòng)詞不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

2、表狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)常見的有：hold, have, cost, contain, become, ail, look like等

3、某些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)可表被動(dòng)

The meat is cooking.肉在煮著。The cakes are baking,蛋糕在烘。The book is printing.這本書正在印刷。

4、主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。

1）某些感官動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞接形容詞可以表示被動(dòng)意義。如：look, smell, taste, feel, prove, wear, sound等

Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的臥室看起來非常干凈和整潔。

2）動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：want, deserve, need, require, take, worth等

The book is worth reading.這本書值得一讀。The children need looking after.孩子們需要照看。

3)某些作表語的形容詞后，用不定式主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。

The conversation is hard to understand.對(duì)這話很難理解。

The fish is not easy to fish.魚不容易釣。The passage is difficult to read.這段文章很難讀懂。

5.在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，某些動(dòng)詞之后帶有復(fù)合賓語，即賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語，這個(gè)復(fù)合賓語由動(dòng)詞不定式來充當(dāng)，to被省略，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，這個(gè)to還要還原。（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）

賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語???????

復(fù)合賓語

She is often heard to sing this popular song.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）

▲ 有這種用法的常用動(dòng)詞有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。如：

（1）.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.→The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.（2）.Mother never lets me watch TV.→I am never let to watch TV by mother.6.有些“be +過去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)并不是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，它們有可能是“系表結(jié)構(gòu)（即系動(dòng)詞之后由過去分詞來充當(dāng)表語）。”

(系表結(jié)構(gòu))?Thedoorisclosed.門是關(guān)著的。?ThedoorisclosedbyFengping.這個(gè)門是由馮平來關(guān)的。(被動(dòng)語態(tài))比較：（1）?

(系表結(jié)構(gòu))?Theglassisbroken.這個(gè)玻璃杯是壞的。?TheglasswasbrokenbyMary.這個(gè)玻璃杯是瑪麗弄壞的。(被動(dòng)語態(tài))（2）?

（六）常見的被動(dòng)語態(tài)句型結(jié)構(gòu)：

It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......）that......大家同意（相信、決定、希望、認(rèn)為）......It is(was)well known that......眾所周知

It is(was)taken for granted that......被視為當(dāng)然

It must be remembered that......務(wù)必記住......It mustn’t be forgotten that......千萬別忘記......It is(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that......據(jù)說(報(bào)道、聽說、告知、建議......)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)練習(xí)

二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。

1.It's said(據(jù)說)that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．

2.Where to have the meeting ______________（discuss）now．

3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？

4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．

5.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．

6.The students _____ often _____(tell)to take care of their desks and chairs.7.The old man is ill.He ______(must send)to the hospital.8.Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________(sell)in this shop.9.What _______ knives______(make)of ? They_______________(make)of metal(金屬)and wood.10.Can the magazine ________(take)out of the library?

11.The room _____________(clean)by me every day.12.The stars can’t _____________(see)in the daytime.13.Some flowers _______________(water)by Li Ming already.14.This kind of shoes __________(sell)well.15.How long _____ your uncle ______(be)in the city?

16.The food _____________(smell)delicious.17.Look!Someone __________(dance).三、按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。

1.Is tea grown in South China？（改為主動(dòng)語態(tài)）_______ people _________ tea in South China？

2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）

A birthday present ____________________________by my parents every year．

3.The work is going to be finished in two days.(對(duì)劃線提問)

How______________ the work going to be finished ?

4.The children will sing an English song.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))

An English song ___________________ by the children.5.You needn't do it now.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))It ______________________ by you now.6.People use metal for making machines.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))

Metal ________________________making machines.7.He made me do that for him.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))I ____________________________ that for him.8.They are watching the football match.The football match _____________________by them.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))

__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago?

10.They have sold out the light green dresses.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))

The light green dresses ____________________________ out.11.We call the game “Lianliankan”.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))The game _______________ “Lianliankan” by us.四、根據(jù)所給漢語完成句子，一空一詞。(1×10=10分)

①The new bike ______________________（買給我）by my parents as a present last week．②_______ your mobile phone ______________________（是國產(chǎn)的嗎）？

③The whole mountain is __________________(覆蓋)the snow.

第二篇：動(dòng)詞講解

動(dòng)詞

1）表示動(dòng)作中狀態(tài)的詞叫做動(dòng)詞。

2）根據(jù)其在句中的功能，動(dòng)詞可分為四類，分別是：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（Notional Verb）、系動(dòng)詞（Link Verb）、助動(dòng)詞（Auxiliary Verb）、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（Modal Verb）。

說明：有些情況下，有些動(dòng)詞是兼類詞，例如：

We are having a meeting.我們正在開會(huì)。（having是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。）

He has gone to New York.他已去紐約。（has是助動(dòng)詞。）

3）動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其后是否帶有賓語，可分為兩類，分別是：及物動(dòng)詞（Transitive Verb）、不及物動(dòng)詞（Intransitive Verb），縮寫形式分別為vt.和vi.。**

英語動(dòng)詞是句子的核心。它既決定著句子意思的表達(dá)同時(shí)又決定著句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。難怪有人說，英語是動(dòng)詞和介詞的語言。可見研究動(dòng)詞的用法在英語學(xué)習(xí)中是十分重要的。（一、)分清及物不及物:

分清動(dòng)詞的及物不及物是在英語學(xué)習(xí)中必須解決的首要問題。動(dòng)詞及物與不及物通常有以下幾種情況：

a．主要用作及物動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面必須跟賓語。可以用于：“主＋謂＋賓”；“主＋謂＋雙賓”；“主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。如： He reached Paris the day before yesterday.Please hand me the book over there.They asked me to go fishing with them.類似的還有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....b．主要用作不及物的動(dòng)詞。不及物動(dòng)詞后面不跟賓語。只能用與：“主＋謂”結(jié)構(gòu)。This is the room where I once lived.類似的還有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動(dòng)詞，其意義不變。如begin 都是作“開始”講。everybody , our game begins.let us begin our game.類似的還有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動(dòng)詞，其意義完全不同。

這類動(dòng)詞作不及物動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)意義；而作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)卻是另一個(gè)意義。如lift作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)是指煙霧的“消散”。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted.作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)是“升高；舉起”。

He lifted his glass and drank.類似的還有：beat

vi.跳動(dòng)vt.敲、打;

grow vi.生長vt.種植

play vi.玩耍vt.打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.發(fā)出（氣味）vt.嗅

ring

vi.（電話、鈴）響vt.打電話

speak vi.講話 vt.說（語言）

hang

vi.懸掛vt.絞死

operate vi.動(dòng)手術(shù) vt.操作

（二、)辨別表動(dòng)作與表結(jié)果的動(dòng)詞

表動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的發(fā)生，不涉及該動(dòng)詞的結(jié)果。如： He looked at the picture.He saw a picture.前一句中的動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”這一動(dòng)作；而后一句中的動(dòng)詞表示“看到”這一結(jié)果。類似的還有：tear at;tear, look for;find, try to do sth.;manage to do sth., prepare for;be prepared for, advise;persuade 等。

（三、)記住瞬間動(dòng)詞

英語中不少動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在瞬間就可以完成．如： He arrived in paris yesterday.而另一些動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作則可以延續(xù)．如： They worked until 12 o'clock last night.特別是在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中，瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)不能跟表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。瞬間動(dòng)詞有：arrive, borrow, buy, close, fall, finish, go, join, kill, hit, leave, lend, die, marry, open, reach, return, start, stop, recognize....等。

（四、)掌握好表狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞與表變化的連系動(dòng)詞

英語中的連系動(dòng)詞主要分為兩大類：

a．表狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞。如：he is a good worker.除了be 而外，還有：stand(位于),lie(位于),stay, have, consist of, belong to, exist, weigh, own....等。

b．另一類連系動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作或變化，是由行為動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的。一般在這些連系動(dòng)詞后跟形容詞作表語如：his hair grows grey.這類連系動(dòng)詞還有: turn, become, taste, smell, sound, look, feel, get...等。

（五、)注意詞義相近，用法不同的動(dòng)詞

a．表主觀與客觀的動(dòng)詞

I received his invitation last night, but i didn't want to accept it.該句中，動(dòng)詞receive, accept 都表示“接受”但前者表示客觀地接收到什么東西；后者表示 “I” 的主觀意愿。類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有：listen to;hear, look at;see, must;have to等。

b．表直接與間接的動(dòng)詞 He heard that the scientist would come to our school.He heard of the news that the scientist would come to our school.前句中hear的表示直接聽說的，而后一句中hear of 的表示間接聽說的。類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有：know;know of, speak;speak of, talk;talk of等。

（六、)重視多字動(dòng)詞的用法

所謂多字動(dòng)詞是指動(dòng)詞與某些副詞、介詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞詞組。一般有四種形式：

a．“動(dòng)詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)和一些介詞搭配后，則把它看成一個(gè)整體，即把它看成一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞。如：

We never thought of such success when we first started.類似用法的還有：agree to, ask for, attention to, break into, call upon, deal with, laugh at, dream of, listen to, look at, operate on, talk about, rely on, refer to...b．“動(dòng)詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞的，該結(jié)構(gòu)及物；是不及物的，則不及物。如：

We put off the sports meet.After he grew up, he went to london to work for a company.類似用法的還有: bring about, bring up, call up, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, help out, look up, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put down, put away, put down, put off, put on, ring up, set up, take up, think over, turn down, use up, work out..., wake up, shut up, come about, break out, carry on, come up, fall over, get away, get back, look out, go up, go out, stay up....在這類結(jié)構(gòu)中，必須注意有的多字動(dòng)詞即及物又可不及物。有的甚至漢語意義也完全不相同。如：

He looked up and saw his teacher in front of him.(vi.抬起頭看)He looked up the word in the dictionary.(vt.查找)

類似的有break down vi.（車等）壞了vt.分解，分為;go over vi.走過去vt.復(fù)習(xí)，仔細(xì)查看等。

c．“動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

We should do away with that sort of thing.類似的有：give in to, catch up with, look down upon, make up for, put up with....d．“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)是最多，最常見的多字動(dòng)詞。如： We will take care of them.類似的有：catch sight of, keep an eye on, make use of, make a fool of, make fun of, make room for, make sure of, knock out of, have a word with, pay attention to, put an end to, set fire to, take advantage of, take hold of, take note of, take notice of, take part in, take pride in, take possession of, play a trick on, play a part in....****

說明：同一動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可用作及物動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。例如：

She can dance and sing.她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物動(dòng)詞。）

She can sing many English songs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物動(dòng)詞。）

4）根據(jù)是否受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制，可分兩類，分別是：限定動(dòng)詞（Finite Verb）、非限定動(dòng)詞（Non-finite Verb）例如：

She sings very well.她唱得很好。（sing受主語she的限制，故用第三人稱單數(shù)形式sings。）

She wants to learn English well.她想學(xué)好英語。（to learn不受主語she的限制，沒有詞形變化，是非限定動(dòng)詞。

說明：英語中共有三種非限定動(dòng)詞，分別是：動(dòng)詞不定式（Infinitive）、動(dòng)名詞（Gerund）、分詞（Participle）。

5)根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的組成形式，可分為三類，分別是：單字詞（One-Word Verb）、短語動(dòng)詞（Phrasal Verb）、動(dòng)詞短語（Verbal Phrase）例如：

The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases.英語里有許多短語動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語。（contains是單字動(dòng)詞。）

Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries.學(xué)生們學(xué)會(huì)查字典。（look up是短語動(dòng)詞。）

The young ought to take care of the old.年輕人應(yīng)照料老人。（take care of是動(dòng)詞短語。）

6）動(dòng)詞有五種形態(tài)，分別是：原形（Original Form）、第三人稱單數(shù)形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、過去式（Past Form）、過去分詞（Past Participle）、現(xiàn)在分詞（Present Participle）。

7)及物動(dòng)詞不需要介詞

在英語錯(cuò)誤中，“及物動(dòng)詞＋介詞＋賓語”（transitive verb+preposition+object），是常見的一種。所謂及物動(dòng)詞，就是謂語動(dòng)詞（predicative verb），不必通過介詞引薦賓語。相反的，不及物動(dòng)詞（intransitive verb）是不帶賓語的。有許多動(dòng)詞，雖然性質(zhì)是及物的，但不一定要有賓語，如下列的①a和②a便是這種情形：

①a.We study every day.b.Do you study English every day.②a.Please write clearly next time.b.Can you write your composition now?

如果本質(zhì)上就是不及物動(dòng)詞，就不會(huì)有賓語；若要賓語，就要借介詞之助，一起連用才行，如③b和④b;③a和④a是錯(cuò)的；

*③a.The children are listening the music.b.The children are listening to the music.*④a.She is laughing the crippled man.b.She is laughing at the crippled man.反之，及物動(dòng)詞不必靠介詞，就可以帶賓語，如上述的①b和②b，又如⑤和

⑥：

⑤ John is giving a book to me.⑥ Who will answer this question?

如果無意中把介詞加上，就錯(cuò)了，如：

*⑦ Who will answer to this question?

下列這句從房地產(chǎn)廣告中看到的句子，也犯了同樣的錯(cuò)：

“We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.”

“Awaiting”是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，后面的介詞“for”是多余的，要去掉；不然把“awaiting”改為“waiting for”也行。

許多人習(xí)慣上喜歡把介詞加到及物動(dòng)詞后面，然后才帶出賓語。最常見的是“emphasize/stress on/upon”和“discuss about”，如：

⑧ Singaporeans seem to have emphasized on material gains.⑨ In our education system, we stress upon examination results.⑩ World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems.顯然的，這三句里的介詞“on/upon”和“about”是多余的，不必要的。

下面是些類似的錯(cuò)誤：

● The young must obey to their elders.● Do not approach to that odd-looking man.● The audience attacked on the rude speaker.● Nothing can escape from his parents' eyes.● Do you hope to serve for your nation? ● When did Susan marry with Paul?

介詞“to, on, from, for, with”都要去掉才對(duì)。

為什么會(huì)有這些錯(cuò)誤呢？主因是分不清楚及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)。其次，就是對(duì)同一個(gè)動(dòng)詞及其名詞的句型有些混淆。解決之道有二。第一，要把“及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語”和“不及物動(dòng)詞＋介詞＋賓語”劃分清楚，如：

? I did not answer him./ I did not reply to him.? He reached Londan yesterday./ He arrived in London yesterday.第二，把及物動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞，然后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~和賓語，如：

? Don't approach such a person.? Is oral practice a good approach to language teaching?

第三篇：判斷動(dòng)詞講解

判斷動(dòng)詞研究

I.什么叫判斷動(dòng)詞？判斷動(dòng)詞也叫連系動(dòng)詞，是動(dòng)詞的種類之一。

（1）判斷動(dòng)詞不表動(dòng)作，僅僅是判斷的“標(biāo)志”，即準(zhǔn)備對(duì)主語做

出判斷，判斷主語“是什么”、“怎么樣”，也就是說，準(zhǔn)備對(duì)主語的身份、職業(yè)、年齡、性別、位置、內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)等作出判斷。判斷的具體內(nèi)容由后面的表語來完成。

表語不是動(dòng)詞的對(duì)象，也不是對(duì)動(dòng)詞的說明，而是對(duì)主語的說明。*主語都屬于“名詞類”，因此，形容詞可以作表語。

*副詞是對(duì)“動(dòng)詞”的說明，副詞是對(duì)“形容詞和副詞”的說明，因此，副詞不能作表語（有個(gè)別例外）。

（2）判斷動(dòng)詞不表動(dòng)作，僅僅提供判斷的“角度”，即準(zhǔn)備從哪

個(gè)角度對(duì)主語作判斷,II.判斷動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)。

1.判斷動(dòng)詞有詞義，可以翻譯，也可以不翻譯。

（1）He is a teacher.他是老師。

（2）He is twenty-five.他二十五歲。

2.語。表語是對(duì)主語作出的具體判斷。e.g.He is a teacher.He is

13.判斷動(dòng)詞準(zhǔn)備對(duì)主語進(jìn)行判斷時(shí)，不能省略。e.g.(1)I am a boy.(√)

(2)I a boy.(×)

4.判斷動(dòng)詞本身不表動(dòng)作，僅僅是“一個(gè)標(biāo)志”、“一個(gè)角度”。因此

判斷動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)、沒有被動(dòng)式。

e.g.√)這種布很軟。×)這種布很軟。

5.判斷動(dòng)詞僅僅是“一個(gè)標(biāo)志”、僅僅是“一個(gè)角度”，判斷動(dòng)詞本身不表動(dòng)作，因此，一般來說，判斷動(dòng)詞沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、沒有進(jìn)行式。e.g.×)

應(yīng)改為：He is a student.III.判斷動(dòng)詞的重要意義。

1.判斷動(dòng)詞用作謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，構(gòu)成了英語中的第一句。（英語中總共

有5句話。）

2.判斷動(dòng)詞非常容易用錯(cuò)，是高考的重要考查點(diǎn)。

IV.判斷動(dòng)詞的分類。（按判斷的角度來分）

1.綜合性判斷動(dòng)詞（即判斷動(dòng)詞“be”）。對(duì)主語作出綜合性判斷，沒

有具體角度，較抽象。

這雙鞋對(duì)我來說太小了。

2.感官性判斷動(dòng)詞。由感官行為動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來，包括 look（看起來是）,sound（聽起來是）, smell(聞起來是), taste（嘗起來是，吃起來是）, feel（摸起來是，感覺是）。感官性判斷動(dòng)詞從某一種感官角度對(duì)主語進(jìn)行判斷（即視覺判斷，聽覺判斷，嗅覺判斷，味覺判斷和觸覺判斷）。注意：感官性判斷動(dòng)詞僅提供一個(gè)判斷的角度，不表動(dòng)作，因此沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，沒有被動(dòng)式。eg.冰是冷的。(1)Ice feels cold.(√)(2)Ice is felt cold.(×)

3.連續(xù)性判斷動(dòng)詞。對(duì)主語的連續(xù)狀態(tài)做判斷，即主語的狀態(tài)不變。包括keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, rest等（都翻譯為“一直是”）。e.g.（1）He kept silent at the meeting yesterday afternoon.昨天下午開會(huì)時(shí)他一直是沉默的。

（2）The door remained closed.門一直是關(guān)著的。

（3）We can remain friends.我們可以一直是朋友。(4)Please stay seated.請(qǐng)一直是坐著的。（請(qǐng)不要站起來）(5)He stayed single.他一直是單身。

～=is)in the east of Asia.中國一直是在亞洲東部。(7)The machines have lain(～= have been)idle for weeks.這些機(jī)器一直是閑置的，好幾個(gè)星期了。

(8）The ladder rested(～= was)against the wall.梯子一直是靠墻放著的。

4.變化性判斷動(dòng)詞。對(duì)主語經(jīng)過變化后的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行判斷。包括become, grow, turn , fall, get, go, come, run等（都可翻譯為“變成是”）。*變化性判斷動(dòng)詞往往與后面的表語，形成固定搭配。

變老用 grow old / get old變胖用grow fat；

顏色變成用turn；變聰明用 get wise；

變暖用get warm或become warm變愚蠢用get silly

變生氣用get angry變失蹤用 get lost

變擔(dān)憂用become anxious(about)變清晰用become clear

變流行become popular

頭發(fā)變白用 go white變瘋用 go mad 或become mad；

變干枯用 run dry變生病用 fall ill 或become ill 或get sick

變順利用come right；變成現(xiàn)實(shí)用come true

變壞用 go bad；變不順利用 go wrong

come + 褒義形容詞；go + 貶義形容詞

eg.(1)自那以后，他瘋了。(2)She is growing fat.她在發(fā)胖。（判斷動(dòng)詞一般來說沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)

態(tài)，此句例外。）(3)When she saw this, she turned red.她看到這，臉變紅了。(4)Several people fell ill.有幾個(gè)人病了。(5)We get wiser as we get old.隨著年齡的增加，我們更明智。

(6)His hair has gone white.他的頭發(fā)變白了。(7)Things will come right.一切都會(huì)順利的。(8)The well ran dry.水井干枯了。

變化性判斷動(dòng)詞可以有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

5.模糊性判斷動(dòng)詞。

表示模糊性判斷，包括 seem, appear(比seem正式)似乎，好像。e.g.(1)He seems quite happy.他好像很快活。

(2)He doesn’t seem very sure.他似乎不是很有把握(3)Roger appeared upset.羅杰好像很煩。(4)The city appeared calm after the previous night’sfighting.經(jīng)過前一晚的戰(zhàn)斗，城市似乎很平靜。

6.終結(jié)性判斷動(dòng)詞。包括turn out（結(jié)果是…，最終成為…），prove（最后證明是…），表示最后的判斷與最初的判斷是相反的。eg.（1）那天結(jié)果是一個(gè)好天氣。

（2）His advice proved sound.他的勸告證明是對(duì)的。

* 測量性判斷動(dòng)詞：從測量的角度，表示主語的長、寬、高、重量、價(jià)值是?。

測量性判斷動(dòng)詞有：measure（測量結(jié)果是?）,weigh(重量是?),cost(價(jià)錢是?)等。

e.g.The room measures 10 meters in width.該房間寬10米。

She weighs 60 kilos.她體重是60公斤。

The book costs 15 yuan.這本書標(biāo)價(jià)15元。

V.判斷動(dòng)詞的注意事項(xiàng)。

1.判斷動(dòng)詞的識(shí)別技巧。如果一個(gè)動(dòng)詞后加形容詞，那么這個(gè)動(dòng)詞肯定是判斷動(dòng)

詞。eg.He looks nice.他這人不賴。其中l(wèi)ooks肯定是判斷動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)樗竺媸?/p>

形容詞（nice）。

2.有些判斷動(dòng)詞如seem，appear, turn out, prove等，后面常跟動(dòng)詞不定式 to

be等。eg.(1)The new text seems to be easy.(2)It appears to be a true story.(3)The weather turned out to be fine.(4)His advice proved to be wrong.

第四篇：動(dòng)詞分類講解范文

動(dòng)詞：

1.（可以做謂語）謂語動(dòng)詞——實(shí)義動(dòng)詞

1）行為動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)作）

⑴不及物動(dòng)詞(vi)

⑵及物動(dòng)詞（vt）

①單賓動(dòng)詞

②雙賓動(dòng)詞

③賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞

2）系動(dòng)詞LV（狀態(tài)、特征）

①be

②半系動(dòng)詞

2.（不可以做謂語）——助動(dòng)詞

助誰？

干什么？

時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定、語氣

Be 時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)

Do 否定、強(qiáng)調(diào)語氣

Have 時(shí)態(tài)、否定

MV 語氣

主語謂語

賓語

()定語

<> 補(bǔ)語

[] 狀語

We should stop the river ____.A.pollutingB.pollutedC.being polluted D.pollute

A be made ofmake A of ….A be made from

A be made in

A be made into

My mother made me(to)do

It happens that……

Sb sth happen to

It turns out that…

Sb sth turn out to do

It seemsed that

Sbsth seem to

It is said that he will study is studying studied in America.Sb sth be said to do to be doing to have done

To be done to have been done

It is said that the bank was robbed last night.The bank is said to have been robbed last nigh.Steal sth(from sb sp)

Rob sb sp(of sth)

Robberrobbery

Thieftheft

Lose oneself one’s way

Be get lost, I had to ask police for help.(Because)(lose →losing 主動(dòng) lost 被動(dòng))myself my way, I had to ask police for help

Was got lost

A.losingB.lostC.IlostD.being lost

第五篇：初中系動(dòng)詞講解

系動(dòng)詞

一、考點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)回顧

系動(dòng)詞，亦稱連系動(dòng)詞（Link Verb）。作為系動(dòng)詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語，亦稱補(bǔ)語（形容詞），構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。分類: 狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞;持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞;表像系動(dòng)詞；感官系動(dòng)詞;變化系動(dòng)詞;終止系動(dòng)詞

（一）、狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞 be 用來表示主語性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，只有be一詞

E.g.①He is a teacher.②He is ill.(表示主語的狀態(tài))連系動(dòng)詞 be 后根據(jù)情況可自由地接不定式作表語：

E.g.①M(fèi)y dream is to be a scientist.② All you have to do is to listen.? My hobby is to play basketball.（二）、表像系動(dòng)詞

用來表示“看起來像”這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： E.g.①He looks tired.② He seems(to be)very sad.③She appears 18.But in fact, she is already 28.（三）、持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞

用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, continue.例如：

E.g.①He always kept silent at meeting.?This matter remains a mystery.?It continued/ remained rainy for days.④The snow lay thick on the ground

⑤ There stands a house near the river.注意：(1)表示“仍然處于原來的狀態(tài)”時(shí)，remain和stay可以互換，例如：

?Three of them remained/ stayed single.?Shops should remain/ stay open till later in the evening.?The door stayed/ remained closed.教師寄語：No pains, no gains.(2)表示“需要設(shè)法才能保持某種狀態(tài)”時(shí)，可用keep和stay.后常接的形容詞有 calm, clean, awake, young, warm, fine等.例如： ?She knew she must keep/ stay calm.? Although they have many difficulties, they keep happy.?Paul managed to keep/ stay awake by drinking lots of strong black coffee.（四）、感官系動(dòng)詞

感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look.例如： ?This kind of cloth feels very soft.?This flower smells very sweet.?The music sounds nice.④The fish tastes good/ delicious.（五）、變化系動(dòng)詞

這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語變成什么樣，變化系動(dòng)詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.1.go和come 是一對(duì)相反的詞.go+ adj.表示令人不愉快的事;

come+ adj.表示好的事情,還可以接前綴un-的過去分詞作表語，表示變化的情況。

go blind/ mad/ hungry/ bad…

come true/ right/ clear/ dear/ unstuck/ untied…

His dream to be a pilot has come true.My shoelaces have come undone.She went blind at the age of 8.2.run后接 short, dry, low, deep等形容詞,主語為流動(dòng)性的或能消耗掉的東西。Their money was running short.The well has run dry.但表語為wild時(shí),主語是人;run wild(放蕩不羈）Don’t let the children run wild.3.grow常指逐漸的變化,表示身高、歲數(shù)的增長。My little brother has grown much taller in the past year.She grew thinner and thinner.教師寄語：No pains, no gains.4.turn表示“變得”,指變?yōu)榕c原先不同的情況,通常指顏色和天氣等變化。The weather suddenly turned much hotter.Her face turned blue with fear.5.get “變成,變得…起來”,后可接形容詞,分詞,介詞短語;接不定式時(shí)表示“由不…變得”.The days are getting longer and longer in summer.He got excited about it.My watch gets out of order.6.fall接asleep, silent, quiet等靜態(tài)形容詞和表示疾病的形容詞，但不能接形容詞的比較級(jí)。While I was doing my homework, my little sister fell asleep.She fell ill from cold.The naughty boy fell silent suddenly.fall apart(散開)fall flat(沒效果)7.become “變成;變?yōu)椤?好壞均可),語氣正式,且不能用于將來時(shí)態(tài),強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果.表人的身體狀況,情緒,天氣和社會(huì)變化時(shí)可與get互換使用.He became a lawyer.I became/ got interested in math.He became/ got angry with me.I hope you will become/ get well.注意：1.become, turn, go, get, fall后面能接名詞作表語,其他則不能.turn和go后面的名詞不帶冠詞。

His dream has become/ got a reality.He has turned scientist.She has gone artist.He fell an victim to cancer.2.表變化的系動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，表示逐漸的變化。The days are getting/ becoming longer and longer.She is growing to be more and more like her mother.（六）、終止系動(dòng)詞

表示主語已終止動(dòng)作，主要有prove, turn out, 表達(dá)“證實(shí)”，“變成”之意，例如：

教師寄語：No pains, no gains.The rumor proved(to be)false.The search proved(to be)difficult.His plan turned out(to be)a success.二、典型例題

1.—What is Mr Wang like?

—____.A.He is a teacher

B.He is old and kind

C.He looks like a balloon

D.He likes English

2.What Mr White said sounds____.A.friendly B.wonderfully C.pleasantly D.nicely

3.The poor boy ____ blind at the age of three.A.turned B.goes C.became D.went

4.When he was a child he____.A.grew patience B.was alive C.ran wild D.came true

5.His voice____ as if he has a cold.A.sounds B.listens C.hears D.seems

6.This shirt___ as if it is made of cotton.A.is B.looks C.feels D.seems

7.He looks ___ he hadn’t had a good meal for a month

A.that B.as if C.when D.so far

8.It ____that he was late for the train.A.looks B.turns C.gets D.seems

9.These apples taste_____.A.to he good B.to be well C.well D.good

10.—Do you like the shirt?

—Yes, it ____ very soft.A.feels B.felt C.is feeling D.is felt

11.The moment Mr Zhang went to bed, he____ asleep 教師寄語：No pains, no gains.A.kept B.got C.fell D.fall

12.When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark.A.going B.getting C.running D.coming

13.Their plan ____ to be a perfect one.A.proved B.was proved C.is proving D.proving

14.The flowers in the garden ____ sweet.A.sound B.taste C.become D.smell

15.She____ like her mother in character.A.looks B.seems C.is D.feels

16.It____ another fine day tomorrow.A.seems B.promises C.appears D.looks

17.He ____ much younger than he really is.A.appears B.grows C.becomes D.turns

18.You____ very pale.Do you feel sick?

A.looked B.look C.looking D.are looked

19.His wish to become a driver has ____true.A.turned B.realized C.come D.grown

20.Her father ____a writer.A.turned B.grew C.has turned D.has become

三、課后練習(xí)

（一）選擇填空

1.My brother ____ a teacher.He ____ his pupils very much.A.is, like

B.is, likes

C.are, likes

2.A: How many days ____ there in a week?

B: There ____ seven.A.is, is

B.are, are

C.is, are

3.I ____ tired last night.A.became

B.felt

C.looked

4.Her face ____ pale（蒼白）when she heard the bad news.教師寄語：No pains, no gains.D.am 5

D.are, like D.are, is

A.got

B.is

C.turned

D.was 5.You ____ pale.What's wrong with you?

A.turn

B.seem

C.look

D.become 6.The boy ____ ill today.A.are

B.is

C.be

D.am 7.Which ____ bigger, the sun or the moon?

A.are

B.is

C.be

D.×

8.Neither she nor I ____ a doctor.A.am not

B.am

C.are

D.is 9.I ____ a worker next year.A.am

B.will be

C.be

D.will 10.Her voice ____ like my mother's.A.sounds

B.sound

C.looks

D.look 11.It often rains and the crops ____ fast.A.get

B.turn

C.grow

D.become 12.A: How are you ____ now?

B: Much better, thank you.A.getting

B.feeling

C.making

D.turning 13.The teacher's smile made me ____ better.A.feel

B.to feel

C.feeling

D.felt 14.My English teacher ____.A.all look young

B.looks young

C.look young

D.all looks young 15.I ____ busy now, but I ____ free next week.A.am, am

B.am, will

C.am, will be D.being, will be 16.I ____ at this school for about two months.A.am

B.will be

C.have been

D.was 17.My brother ____ in the League for about five years.A.have been

B.has been

C.was

D.is 18.Come to my office if you ____ free tomorrow.教師寄語：No pains, no gains.A.are

B.will be

C.was

D.is 19.If water ____ heated, it will be ____ into vapour（蒸氣）.A.was, turned

B.is, turned

C.is.get

D.was, got

20.If you don't take back what you just said, Mother ____ angry.A.is

B.will be

C.get

D.feels 21.Neither of us ____ a doctor.A.am

B.are

C.is

D.were 22.He ____ a famous writer.A.turns

B.become

C.has become

D.has turned 23.The girl's face ____ red.A.turned

B.got

C.feel

D.look 24.He ____ very glad.A.looked

B.turned

C.feel

D.looks 25.The flowers ____ fragrant（芳香）.A.get

B.smells

C.smell

D.feels 26.The table ____ very smooth.A.look

B.turn

C.feels

D.smell 27.Jack ____ younger than Tom.A.look

B.feel

C.feels

D.looks 28.She looks ____.A.happy

B.to be happy C.happily

D.that she is happy

（二）用smell，taste，go，get，become，grow，seem，look，feel，turn的適當(dāng)形式填空：

1.You _ _ __ very young.2.At first those questions_ _ __easy, but later I found them difficult.3.After the sports meeting, he _ _ __very tired.4.My younger brother _ _ __a student last year.5.When we_ _ __ up, we're going to help build up our country.6.The flowers _ _ __very sweet.7.Her face _ _ __red.教師寄語：No pains, no gains.8.Jack _ _ __very happy.9.The mooncake _ _ __good.10.The meat_ _ __bad.（三）把下列各句譯成英語

1.以她的年齡而言，她看起來很年輕。

2.天色漸黑，咱們回家吧。

3.他好象匆忙的樣子。

4.為什么他感到悲傷？

5.我祖母的頭發(fā)變白了。

6.約翰成了一名好學(xué)生。

7.1995年我哥哥成了一名解放軍戰(zhàn)士。

8.他來看我時(shí)，我在生病。

9.整天工作后，湯姆感覺又餓又累。

10.聽到這個(gè)好消息時(shí)，她的臉色變紅。

11.他的答案似乎正確。

12.別喝這牛奶，它已經(jīng)變酸了。

13.別出聲，請(qǐng)保持安靜。

教師寄語：No pains, no gains.14.我們應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)保持謙虛謹(jǐn)慎。

15.那聽起來是個(gè)好主意。

16.我國正變得越來越強(qiáng)大。

17.足球是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

18.像是個(gè)好天。

19.我們必須準(zhǔn)備好去那兒。

20.這湯聞起來很香。

教師寄語：No pains, no gains.