第一篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞典型試題講解

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞典型試題講解

1.His English was so poor that he found it difficult to make himself _______.A.understood B.understand C.be understood D.to understand 答案是 A 答：常考題，make himself understood 是make others understand him的另一種說(shuō)法。讓自己被理解=讓別人理解他，也就是聽(tīng)懂他的話的意思。還有一個(gè)是make oneself heard.（讓別人聽(tīng)得見(jiàn)自己的說(shuō)話聲），一般都是make sth.done句式。2.They found the lecture hard _______ A.to be understood B.to understand C.being understood D.understood 答案是B 答：首先你要掌握這個(gè)句型：The lecture is hard to understand.這個(gè)講座很難懂。sth.is +adj.+及物動(dòng)詞。不定式動(dòng)詞與句子的主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，可改為To understand the lecture is hard.或It is hard to understand the lecture.然后再記They found(that)the lecture was hard to understand.最后記：They found the lecture hard to understand.found后跟的是復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。lecture是它的賓語(yǔ)，hard to understand是形容詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。兩句話的意思是一樣的。

3.She is going to town__________.A.repairing her watch B.for repairing her watch C.to have repaired her watch D.to have her watch repaired 答案是D 答：這又是一個(gè)have sth.done句式。表示“讓某事被做”。這里就是拿表去市區(qū)讓人給修一下。4.I have no objection ________ the evening with them.A.to spend B.spending C.of spending D.to spending 答案是D 答: to是不定式符號(hào)，后跟動(dòng)詞原形；to有時(shí)候是介詞，后跟名詞，還跟動(dòng)名詞！你要記住這少數(shù)幾個(gè)常考的，容易誤以為是不定式的介詞to的短語(yǔ)，這是其中一個(gè)。有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的方法，當(dāng)to作介詞時(shí)，其意思不外“對(duì)。。來(lái)說(shuō)”，“到。。上”如look forward to , be used to , stick to , 這里就是：對(duì)于和他們一起過(guò)夜這件事，我沒(méi)有反對(duì)意見(jiàn)。

5.Over 80,000 people are reported ______ in the big earthquake which happened in Sichuan Province on May 12.A.being killed B.having been C.to have been killed D.killed 答案是C 答：這是據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)報(bào)道的固定句型：sb / sth is said to do/to be doing/have done =it is said / reported that-從句。不定式的時(shí)態(tài)取決于句子的語(yǔ)境。

此題which happened in Sichuan Province on May 12.說(shuō)明事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，所以用不定式的完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，have been done.6.My good friend Rose went to the party with her husband, _____ a happy evening of wine, food and song A.expecting B.to expect C.expected D.having expected 答案是A 答：現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表示主動(dòng)。不定式做狀語(yǔ)表示目的，意思是為了。C選項(xiàng)是過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)。Rose被期望...，顯然不對(duì)。

7.Five people won the “China’s Green Figure ” award, a title ______ to ordinary people for their contributions to environment protection.A.being given B.is given C.given D.was given 答案是C 答：過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)。表示被動(dòng)和完成。是“被給予”的意思。

A選項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式，表示進(jìn)行和被動(dòng)。是“正被給予”的意思。顯然不對(duì)。8._____ from the plane, the clouds below are just like cotton fields.A.Seeing B.Having seen C.Seen D.Being seen 答案是C 答：過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)，clouds云彩被看。

D選項(xiàng) being seen是現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)，表示進(jìn)行和被動(dòng)。也就是clouds正在被看。

第二篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

初中英語(yǔ)分類練習(xí)

——非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞指的是在句中起名詞，形容詞或副詞作用的動(dòng)詞形式，而不是作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞形式。動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式分為動(dòng)名詞，分詞，動(dòng)詞不定式。

Climbing mountain is a good exercise.(Climbing..., 動(dòng)名詞起名詞作用）

Do you know the man wearing a white shirt.（wearing..分詞起形容詞作用）

He gets up early to catch the first bus.(to catch...不定式起副詞作用)

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別：

1)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中可單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，而非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。

Miss Mary teaches us English.瑪麗教我們英語(yǔ)。（teaches 動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)）

Mr.Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.（to have a talk....不定式作狀語(yǔ)）

2)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞受主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)的限制，而非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式?jīng)]有這種限制。

Mike likes the pop music.（動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式）

Lucy has nothing to do today。（do 用原形）

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特征：如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，后面須跟賓語(yǔ)。

Studying English is my favorite.（studying 后跟賓語(yǔ)）

To help him is my duty.幫助他是我的責(zé)任。（help 后跟賓語(yǔ)）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以帶有自己的狀語(yǔ)或邏輯主語(yǔ)。

Working under such a condition is terrible.(under such a condition 是 working 的狀語(yǔ)）It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.（for him 作不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍有語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。

I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.（to have kept...是不定式的完成形式）

Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.（Seen from...是分詞的被動(dòng)形式）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中可以當(dāng)成名詞或者形容詞來(lái)使用。

Our coming made him happy.（coming 起名詞作用）

There are two big swimming pools here.(swimming 起形容詞作用)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式變化：

不定式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)

一般to writeto be written

進(jìn)行to be writing

完成to have writtento have been written

完成進(jìn)行to have been writing

現(xiàn) 在 分 詞主動(dòng)被動(dòng)

一般writingbeing written

完成having writtenhaving been written

過(guò)去分詞主動(dòng)被動(dòng)

一般written

動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)被動(dòng)

一般writing being written

完成having writtenhaving been written●動(dòng) 詞 不 定 式：

動(dòng)詞不定式是由 to + 動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，在句中起名詞，形容詞和副詞的作用，可以擔(dān)任除謂語(yǔ)以外的其它任何成分。

1.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)：

To mast a language is not an easy thing.To teach English is my favorite.It's my pleasure to help you.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)可以放在后面，而用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)放在原主語(yǔ)的位置上。

It's very kind of you to have given us much help.你給了我們那么多的幫助真是太好了。

It's necessary to find the witness.有必要找到目擊者。

2.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)：

某些及物動(dòng)詞可以用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，這些動(dòng)詞有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask.What I wish is to learn English well.I like to help others if I can.3.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。

We expect you to be with us.我們希望你和我們?cè)谝黄稹?/p>

Please ask him to come here quickly.請(qǐng)叫他快過(guò)來(lái)。

4.動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ) ：

What I should do is to finish the task soon.我應(yīng)該做的是趕快完成任務(wù)。

The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately.當(dāng)務(wù)之急是馬上去找孩子。

5.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)：

There are many ways to solve the problem.有許多方法能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告訴你。

6.不定式作狀語(yǔ)：

We went to the hospital to see our teacher.我們?nèi)メt(yī)院看了我們的老師。

She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower.她在做試驗(yàn)，從一種西藏花中提取某種有用的藥物。

動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式：

not + to + 動(dòng)詞原形

The teacher told us not to swim in that river.老師告訴我們不要在那條河里游泳。

It's unfair not to tell us.沒(méi)告訴我們真是不公平。

帶疑問(wèn)詞的不定式：

疑問(wèn)詞who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，使含義更加具體。

Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方還不知道。

I don't know when to begin.我不知道什么時(shí)間開(kāi)始。

Can you tell me where to get the battery.你能告訴我哪兒能買到電池嗎？

Do you know how to get to the station.你知道怎樣去車站嗎？

帶邏輯主語(yǔ)的不定式：

動(dòng)詞不定式可以帶有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成方法是： for + 邏輯主語(yǔ) + 不定式。

注意：邏輯主語(yǔ)用賓格形式，for 本身無(wú)實(shí)際意義，它只表明后面的主語(yǔ)從邏輯上分析是不定式的主語(yǔ)。It's necessary for us to help each other.我們互相幫忙是必要的。

There are much work for me to finish, 有許多工作要我去完成。

動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式： 表示不定式動(dòng)詞同所修飾的名詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

He is the man to be examined.他是受檢查的人。

There are much work to be done.有好多工作要做。

●動(dòng) 名 詞

動(dòng)名詞是由動(dòng)詞原形 + ing 構(gòu)成，同現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，在句中可作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。

1)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)：

Talking like that is not polite.Learning from others is important.Putting on more clothes is not so good.（注：動(dòng)名詞可以象動(dòng)詞不定式一樣，用 it 先行祠代替，而把動(dòng)名詞寫(xiě)在后面。

It's no use waiting here, let's go home.It's very difficult climbing this mountain.2)動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)

The nurse's job is looking after the patients.Seeing is believing.3)動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)

有些動(dòng)詞須用動(dòng)名詞來(lái)作賓語(yǔ),它們是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep.Please stop smoking in the house.I like reading in the forest.Do you mind my opening the windows?

4）動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)

She is studying in the reading room.He slept in the sleeping bag.（動(dòng)名詞的否定形式：not + 動(dòng)名詞

He pretend not knowing it at all.他假裝全然不知。

We considered not doing it now.我們考慮現(xiàn)在不做這件事。

動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式 ：

（當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞和它的邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式來(lái)表示。）

His being looked down upon made him sick.I can't really stand being treated like that.動(dòng)名詞的幾種特殊情況：

1)有些動(dòng)詞的后面能跟動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，有些動(dòng)詞能跟不定式，有些兩者都可以，它們的具體含義有時(shí)還不一樣。

能跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞有：

avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can't help, 等。

能跟不定式的動(dòng)詞有：

decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake, want, wish, agree, manage,能跟動(dòng)名詞和不定式的動(dòng)詞有： love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start,動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)名詞還是不定式，含義不相同，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，表示習(xí)慣的，一般性的動(dòng)作多跟動(dòng)名詞，一次性的具體的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作多跟不定式。

I like to go with you.我想和你一塊兒去。

I like reading.He promised to help her.We love watching VCD.2)remember, forget, regret后面跟動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，后面跟不定式時(shí)，不定式表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。

I remember meeting him in the street.I remember to write a letter to my parents.3)“stop + 動(dòng)名詞”表示停止動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作，“stop + 不定式”表示停下來(lái)做不定式所表示的動(dòng)作。

Stop smoking, please.請(qǐng)不要抽煙。

Let's stop to have a rest.咱們停下來(lái)休息一下吧。

4)動(dòng)名詞和分詞的區(qū)別：

動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞和它所修飾的詞沒(méi)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，而分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞和它所修飾的詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。

reading text 閱讀課文 〔動(dòng)名詞〕 developing country 發(fā)展中國(guó)家 〔分詞〕

a sleeping bag 睡袋 〔動(dòng)名詞〕 boiled water 開(kāi)水 〔分詞〕

●分 詞

分詞是由動(dòng)詞 +ing 或 動(dòng)詞 + ed 構(gòu)成，它在句中起形容詞或副詞的作用，可以作定語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)。workingworkedwashingwashed

分詞可分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種，現(xiàn)在分詞的形式同動(dòng)名詞一樣，在動(dòng)詞后面加 ing。而過(guò)去分詞的形式則在動(dòng)詞后面加 ed.分詞在句中可作定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。

1.分詞作定語(yǔ)

China is a developing country.That's an interesting story.The girl singing for us is ten years old.作定語(yǔ)的分詞要放在被修飾的名詞之前，如果是分詞詞組則放在被修飾的名詞之后，如被修飾的名詞是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等，分詞放在被修飾名詞的后面。

The working people have played a great role in the activity.The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately.There is nothing interesting.沒(méi)什么有趣的事。

分詞和動(dòng)名詞都可以作定語(yǔ)，判斷是分詞還是動(dòng)名詞，可以根據(jù)它們和被修飾詞有無(wú)邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系來(lái)判斷，有主謂關(guān)系的是分詞，否則判斷為動(dòng)名詞。

a swimming girl 游泳的女孩。（分詞）

a swimming pool 游泳的池子（動(dòng)名詞）

2.分詞作狀語(yǔ)

Being a student, he likes to help others.Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily.She is there waiting for us.Told by the teacher, she knew she was wrong.3.分詞作表語(yǔ)

The story is interesting.We are interested in computer.The glass is broken.The water is boiled.4.分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

可以跟賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等詞。I saw him walking in the street.I heard them singing in the classroom.We found the boy sleeping.have 后面的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用過(guò)去分詞常表示動(dòng)作不是句子的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的，而是由別人做的。I have my hair cut.我理發(fā)了。（是別人給我理發(fā)）

She has her bike repaired.她把自行車修理了。（別人修理的）

They have their house rebuilt.他們重修了房子。

分詞的否定形式。not + 分詞

Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait.不知道下一步干什么，她停下來(lái)等著。

Not having finished the homework, the little girl doesn't dare to go to school.小女孩沒(méi)完成作業(yè)不敢去學(xué)校。

分詞的時(shí)態(tài) 分詞的一般時(shí)表示動(dòng)作同謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或之前發(fā)生。

Seeing the teacher is coming, the students stopped playing.看到老師進(jìn)來(lái)，學(xué)生們停下來(lái)不玩了。

Coming into the room, he lied on his bed.回到家后，他就躺在床上。

分詞的完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面發(fā)生。

Having received a latter, I knew everything is all right.收到一封信后，我知道一切都很好。

Having had my supper, I went out for a walk.晚飯后，我出去散步了。

Having known that he won the match, he threw the cap into the sky.他知道自己比賽獲勝，高興地把帽子扔上了天。

分詞的被動(dòng)形式 分詞的被動(dòng)形式表示分詞動(dòng)作同所修飾的名詞有一種被動(dòng)關(guān)系。The entertainment building being built will be completed next year.正在建設(shè)的娛樂(lè)大樓明年完工。

第三篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1.There ______ no classes yesterday, we paid a visit to the Great Wall.A.wasB.beingC.wereD.had been

2.The policeman rushed into the room only ______ an old lady lying on the ground.A.foundB.findC.findingD.to find

3.The boy lay on the ground, his eyes ______ and his hands ______.A.closing;tremblingB.closed;trembling

C.closed;trembledD.closing;trembled

4.______, the girls raced on to the second runners.A.Stick in handB.With a stick in her hand

C.Sticks in handD.Sticks in hands

5.Each of them got up early ______ to catch the early bus.A.to hopeB.hopingC.so thatD.and

6.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.heardC.hearD.to hear

7.We should prevent pollution ______ happily.A.from livingB.livingC.to livingD.to live

8.I am busy now, so I can’t help ______ the machine.A.repairB.to have repairedC.repairingD.fixing

9.Jane came very close ______ a gold medal for Britain in the Olympics.A.to winB.winningC.to winningD.to be won

10.The boy seated himself in the corner with his back ______ to his father.A.turningB.to turnC.to be turnedD.turned

11.----By the way, when did you get your bedroom ______?

----Last week.A.to paintB.paintedC.paintingD.to be painted

12.He likes ______, but he doesn’t like ______ today because it is too cold.A.to swim;to swimB.swimming;swimming

C.to swim;swimmingD.swimming;to swim

13.There is ______ what the weather will be like.A.not knowingB.no knowingC.not knowD.no known

14.The novel is said ______ into many languages.A.to translateB.being translated

C.to have been translatedD.having been translated

15.I’m examining the composition he has just finished ______ the possible mistakes in it.A.correctingB.to correctC.correctedD.correct

16.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go

C.for risk to goD.risk going

17.He spent as much time as he could _____ the child.A.teachingB.to teachC.teachD.for teaching

18.----Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?

----I ______, but I had an unexpected visitor.A.hadB.wouldC.was going toD.did

19.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.to hearC.heardD.hear

20.______ the room, a letter was laid on the ground.A.EnteringB.Having entered

C.He enteredD.Mrs Green entering

21.They set out ______ for the ______ boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lost

C.to search;lostD.to search;missed

22.______ her mother had come, her face lit up.A.HearingB.Having heard

C.When hearingD.When she heard

23.They arrived at their university very late, ______ the gate closely shut.A.foundB.to findC.findD.finding

24.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No.You can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

25.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informing C.informedD.informing

26.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

27.Will those ______ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?

A.teachingB.teachC.who teachesD.who teaching

28.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

29.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

30.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go C.for risk to goD.risk going

31.______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce variants(變異

體)of genes in human bodies.A.Being exposedB.Having exposed

C.ExposedD.After being exposed

32.China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization on December 11, 2001, thus ______ its 15-year wish to join the global trade body.A.having realizedB.realizedC.realizingD.to realize

33.Tom looked at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted out the words ______ in his heart for years.A.filling;having hiddenB.filled;hidden

C.filling;hiddenD.filled;hiding

34.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

35.Which will you enjoy ______ your vacation, traveling abroad or working in the countryside?

A.to spendB.spendC.spendingD.spent

36.----Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?

----I will spend a whole week ______ in your room to wait for their coming.A.lockingB.to lockC.lockedD.being locked

37.I regret ______ you that they are unable to come to your wedding tomorrow.A.informingB.having informed

C.to have been informedD.to inform

38.He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone ______.A.noticingB.noticedC.to noticeD.being noticed

39.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

40.He spoke in such a high voice ______ out in the street.A.as to be heardB.to be heardC.as to hearD.to hear

41.As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be set up in every town ______ 50 households or more.A.havingB.to haveC.to have hadD.having had

42.The building project ______ next year is, I think, not easy ______ in time.A.being carried out;to complete B.carried out;to be completed

C.to be carried out;to complete D.to be carried out;to be completed

43.The reason ______ she gave for not coming to the party is that her mother wouldn’t allow her to.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.because

44.Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the Grand Hotel? I thought it was on this corner, but I seem to ______ a mistake.A.makeB.be makingC.having made D.have made

45.----Here’s a new pair of shoes for you.----Thank you, but there’s no need ______ a new pair for me.A.to have boughtB.to buyC.buyingD.to be buying

46.What worried the boy most was ______ to visit his father in the hospital.A.his not allowingB.his not being allowed

C.having not been allowedD.his being not allowed

47.To do a bit for the motherland, ______.A.working hard is necessary

B.to learn a foreign language is needed

C.it is important to master science

D.one should serve the people whole-heartedly

48.Everything ______ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.A.to takeB.takenC.to be takenD.taking

49.The officials discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next month.A.carry outB.carrying outC.to carry outD.carried out

50.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

51.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No, you can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

52.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informingC.informedD.informing

答案：

1------5BDBAB6------10DDACD 11------15BDBCB16------20AACBD 21------25CDDBC26------30AAAAA 31------35ACCAA

41------45ACADA

51-----55BC

36-----40CDAAA 46------50BDBDA

第四篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)講解(一)

一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞概說(shuō)

顧名思義，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就是不能作謂語(yǔ)的一種動(dòng)詞形式。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種：動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞。分詞又分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞。

二、動(dòng)詞不定式

1.不定式的構(gòu)成與特征

動(dòng)詞不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式，一般由“to ＋ 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。它在句中起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用，同時(shí)也保留著動(dòng)詞的一些特征，可以帶賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。例如：

At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles.在2004年雅典奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，劉翔在110米跨欄比賽中成為第一個(gè)獲得金牌的亞洲人，使全亞洲人興奮不已。（不定式起形容詞作用，同時(shí)帶有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)）

2.不定式的功能與用法

1）作主語(yǔ)

It is difficult to imagine a more inhospitable place.很難想像出一個(gè)比這更不適合居住的地方。

（it作形式主語(yǔ)，to imagine a more inhospitable place為真正的主語(yǔ)）

2）作表語(yǔ)

The aim of the treaty is to prevent the commercial and military use of the continent.這個(gè)公約的目的是防止商業(yè)和軍事上使用這個(gè)洲。

3）作賓語(yǔ)

He was very happy to meet two foreigners and wanted to learn all about Europe.他很高興遇到兩個(gè)外國(guó)人，于是想全面了解歐洲。

注意：兩個(gè)不定式并列時(shí)，第二個(gè)不定式to省略。例如： People like to meet in the evening and watch the moon.人們喜歡在夜晚聚在一起賞月。（watch the moon 與to meet in the evening為兩個(gè)并列的不定式，故watch前省略了to。這兩個(gè)不定式均作like的賓語(yǔ)。）

能夠接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞很多，常見(jiàn)的有：afford, agree, aim, ask, bear, begin, bother, care, choose, continue, dare, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, forget, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, pretend, refuse, remember, try, wait, want, wish等。

【透視高考題】

真題：

I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A.to sound B.to be sounded C.sounding D.to have sounded(2005 天津)簡(jiǎn)析：考查不定式作賓語(yǔ)。want后接不定式，而且sound是連系動(dòng)詞，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。所以A是正確答案。sound like聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是。

4）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

We saw her enter a restaurant.我們看見(jiàn)她走進(jìn)一家餐館。

I want you to come to my birthday party.我要你來(lái)參加我的生日聚會(huì)。

注意：某些動(dòng)詞（大都是感官動(dòng)詞）接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常不帶to。下面的口訣可以幫助大家記住這些動(dòng)詞：“四看（see, watch, notice, observe）三使役（let, have, make）二聽(tīng)（hear, listen to）一感覺(jué)（feel）。”

能夠接帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有很多，常見(jiàn)的有： advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, direct, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, instruct, invite, oblige, order, permit, persuade, press, recommend, remind, request, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn等。

5）作定語(yǔ)

Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you do not know?你想結(jié)交更多的朋友卻感到與陌生人交流信心不足嗎？

注意：某些不及物動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)需要加上一個(gè)介詞，即構(gòu)成“不定式＋介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)介詞不可省略。例如：Give me a pen to write with.給我一支筆寫(xiě)字。另外，還有一種“介詞 ＋ which ＋ 不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)也可以作定語(yǔ)。例如：The young couple needs a lot of money with which to buy a new appartment.這對(duì)年輕夫婦需要一大筆錢來(lái)買房子。

【透視高考題】

真題：

This company was the first ___ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.A.producingB.to produceC.having producedD.produced

(2005 上海春)

簡(jiǎn)析：考查不定式作定語(yǔ)。在first, last等詞后，要用不定式作定語(yǔ)。故B正確。

6）作狀語(yǔ)

I am very happy to meet you.我很高興見(jiàn)到您。

注意：

①有的語(yǔ)法學(xué)家將形容詞后的不定式歸到賓語(yǔ)。這類形容詞有： afraid, anxious, careful, content, determined, foolish, prepared, ready, slow, willing等。

②在強(qiáng)調(diào)目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式前可加上in order或so as，即通常我們所說(shuō)的“in order to/so as to”詞組。有時(shí)為了突出強(qiáng)調(diào)目的，還可將這個(gè)詞組置于句首，但so as to不用于句首。

③在so...as to, enough to, only to, too...to等結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式表示結(jié)果。例如：

Will you be so kind as to open the window?

勞駕您打開(kāi)窗戶好嗎？

He arrived at the airport only to find the plane had already taken off.他到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)（結(jié)果）卻發(fā)現(xiàn)飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了。

【透視高考題】

真題：

__ the employees’ working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break.A.ImprovingB.To improveC.Having improved D.Improved

(2006 上海春)

簡(jiǎn)析：考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。分詞一般不能作目的狀語(yǔ)，故選B。

3.不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)

不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)由“not ＋ 不定式”構(gòu)成，簡(jiǎn)言之，to前加not。例如：

She finally decided not to marry him.她最終決定不嫁給他。

4.“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)

疑問(wèn)詞who, what, which, when, where和how后加上不定式可構(gòu)成一種特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞性從句。同樣一句話，英語(yǔ)里可用從句和不定式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)，意思沒(méi)有區(qū)別。試比較：

我不知道該怎么辦。

I don’t know what I should do.(賓語(yǔ)從句，較正式)

I have no idea(of)what I should do.(同位語(yǔ)從句，較正式)

I don’t know what to do.(疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)潔，較口語(yǔ)化)

I have no idea(of)what to do.(疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作同位語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)潔，較口語(yǔ)化)

注意：在 Why(not)do sth.? 這個(gè)句式里，不定式不帶to，例如：Why not try again? 為

什么不再試試？

5.不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

有時(shí)候不定式前有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，用for來(lái)引出，結(jié)構(gòu)為： for ＋ 名詞（代詞賓格）＋ 不定式。例如：

It is necessary for us to master at least one foreign language.我們至少掌握一門外語(yǔ)是很有必要的。

注意：有些形容詞后接這種結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不用介詞for，而用of。例如： It’s very kind of you to do so.你這樣做真是太客氣了。這類形容詞還有：silly, bad, nice, honest, stupid, clever, wise, wrong等。

6.不定式的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)形式

所謂不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)形式是指不定式有完成式、進(jìn)行式和被動(dòng)式。例如：

I am very happy to have met your mother.見(jiàn)到了你的母親我非常高興。

Her English seems to be improving.她的英語(yǔ)似乎在長(zhǎng)進(jìn)。

【透視高考題】

真題：

The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A.causingB.being caused C.to be caused D.to have caused

(2004 上海)

簡(jiǎn)析：考查不定式的被動(dòng)式。這是個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型：sb./ sth.is believed to do / be done / doing / have done / have been done，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)式，故選C。

三、動(dòng)名詞

1.動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成與特征

動(dòng)名詞是由“動(dòng)詞原形 ＋ ing”構(gòu)成，與現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成完全相同。顧名思義，動(dòng)名詞既具有動(dòng)詞的特征，又具有名詞的特征。所謂的動(dòng)詞特征是說(shuō)動(dòng)名詞可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，名詞特征是指動(dòng)名詞可以像名詞一樣充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。例如：

Would you mind my closing the window? 你介意我關(guān)上窗戶嗎？

2.動(dòng)名詞的功能與用法

1）作主語(yǔ)

Seeing is believing.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。

It’s no use crying over spilt milk.潑出去的水收不回。

注意：在It is no use...;It is no good...;It is great fun...等這些句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，其后習(xí)慣接動(dòng)名詞。

2）作表語(yǔ)

His job is fixing computers.他的工作是修電腦。

3）作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)

Have you finished writing the article? 你寫(xiě)完那篇文章了嗎？

She suggested going there by air, as plane tickets are very cheap.由于機(jī)票很便宜，她建議乘飛機(jī)去那里。

有些動(dòng)詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：admit, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, fancy, finish, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, suggest等；短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive up, insist on等。為了幫助大家記憶，現(xiàn)將最常用的10個(gè)動(dòng)詞的首字母縮略在一起：MEPSKARFI（梅不是咖啡）（M-mind, E-enjoy, P-practise, S-stop, suggest, K-keep, A-avoid, R-risk, F-finish, I-insist on）。

【透視高考題】

真題1：

The parents suggested ________ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.A.sleepB.to sleepC.sleeping D.having slept(2006 上海春)簡(jiǎn)析：考查動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。suggest后有三種情況：

1）意為“建議”，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，如此句，所以C為正確答案；

2）后接that從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)要用“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”；

3）表示“暗示”含義，后接that從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。

真題2：

When asked by the police, he said that he remembered ______ at the party, but not _______.A.to arrive;leavingB.to arrive;to leave

C.arriving;leavingD.arriving;to leave(2005 北京)簡(jiǎn)析：考查動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。remember后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)表示“記得已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事”。remember to do sth.表示“記住去做某事”，即表示沒(méi)有做的事。根據(jù)句意，前后都應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞，指已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情，故C正確。

4）作介詞賓語(yǔ)

I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me.我給他和他的妻子寫(xiě)了一封感謝信，因?yàn)樗麄儙椭宋摇?/p>

【透視高考題】

真題：

Accustomed to ________ the steep moun?鄄tains, he had no difficulty reaching the top.A.climbingB.climbC.having climbedD.have climbed(2005 上海春)簡(jiǎn)析：考查動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)。be accustomed to是個(gè)詞組，表示“習(xí)慣于（某事）”，to是介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故A正確。

5）作定語(yǔ)

The Iron Curtain was the statesman Winston Churchill’s term for the dividing line between eastern and western Europe.鐵幕是政治家溫斯頓·丘吉爾使用的術(shù)語(yǔ)，指東歐與西歐的分界線。

3.動(dòng)名詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)

動(dòng)名詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)是由“not ＋ 動(dòng)名詞”構(gòu)成。例如：

I am sorry for not handing in my homework on time.我很抱歉沒(méi)有按時(shí)交作業(yè)。

4.動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)形式

所謂動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式是指動(dòng)名詞有一般式和完成式兩種，語(yǔ)態(tài)形式是說(shuō)動(dòng)名詞有被動(dòng)式。

5.動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

動(dòng)名詞有時(shí)帶有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這樣就形成了動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其構(gòu)成形式為：“名詞所有格（或物主代詞）＋動(dòng)名詞”。例如：

Mary’s coming late made the teacher very angry.瑪麗的遲到讓老師很生氣。

【透視高考題】

真題：

I really can’t understand ________ her like that.A.you treatB.you to treatC.why treat D.you treating(2005 安徽)簡(jiǎn)析：考查動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。understand后接動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名

詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)可以用物主代詞，也可以用人稱代詞賓格。此句中可用your treating 或you treating，故選D。

6.動(dòng)名詞與不定式的比較

動(dòng)名詞與不定式有許多相同或相似的用法，容易混淆，現(xiàn)將二者的異同點(diǎn)作一比較。

1）相同之處。下列句子的表達(dá)既可用動(dòng)名詞，也可用不定式，意義上無(wú)區(qū)別。眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.他愛(ài)玩電腦游戲。He likes playing computer games.He likes to play computer games.我的工作是教你英語(yǔ)。My job is teaching you English.My job is to teach you English.2）不同之處。下列情況用動(dòng)名詞與用不定式會(huì)有不同的效果和意義。

A)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)可能泛指人們，而不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)則是句子本身的主語(yǔ)。試比較：I hate smoking.我討厭吸煙。（相當(dāng)于說(shuō)：I hate people smoking.）

I hate to smoke.我不愛(ài)吸煙。（相當(dāng)于說(shuō)：I don’t smoke as I dislike it.）

B)動(dòng)名詞表示一般的或抽象的多次性動(dòng)作，而不定式則表示具體的一次性動(dòng)作。試比較：I like seeing English films.我喜歡看英文電影。

Would you like to see the English film tonight? 今晚你想看英文電影嗎？

C)有些動(dòng)詞后面只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，而有些動(dòng)詞就只能接不定式。這些動(dòng)詞我們?cè)谇懊嬉延袣w納，這里不再贅述。

D)有不少動(dòng)詞后面既可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)。這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：attempt, begin, continue, fear, forget, hate, help, intend, learn, like, love, mean, need, neglect, prefer, propose, regret, remember, start, try, want等。有些動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)名詞與不定式，意思會(huì)有所不同。試比較：

I regret telling you the truth.我后悔對(duì)你講了真相。（動(dòng)名詞表示過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事情）I regret to tell you that I cannot come.我很遺憾地告訴你我不能來(lái)。（不定式表示現(xiàn)在）E)有些動(dòng)詞后面接動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義，而接不定式則要用被動(dòng)式。試比較： The car needs repairing.汽車需要修理。（repairing為主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義）

The car needs to be repaired.汽車需要修理。（to be repaired為被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義）

第五篇：通過(guò)幽默句子學(xué)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(推薦)講解

通過(guò)幽默句子學(xué)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

2007-10-09 16:18【大 中 小】 【我要糾錯(cuò)】

藍(lán)色字體為語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象概述，紅色字體是例句要點(diǎn)。

動(dòng)詞不定式（基本形式、句法作用（5種）、否定形式、和疑問(wèn)詞連用）

動(dòng)名詞（作主語(yǔ)、作賓語(yǔ)、只能用動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞或句型（12種））

分詞（作定語(yǔ)、作賓補(bǔ)、作狀語(yǔ)、作表語(yǔ)）

易混知識(shí)一：動(dòng)詞后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別

易混知識(shí)二：動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)和動(dòng)名詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別

易混知識(shí)三：need, require, want后跟不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別

易混知識(shí)四：不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，作定語(yǔ)不能省略介詞

動(dòng)詞不定式

1．不定式的基本形式to + 動(dòng)詞原形

Roger: Dad, when I grow up I want to drive a big army tank.Dad: Well, son, if that’s what you want, I won’t stand in your way.Roger: 爸爸，長(zhǎng)大后我想開(kāi)大坦克。

爸爸：好的，兒子，如果那是你的選擇，我不會(huì)擋你的路。

考點(diǎn)：

1、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，有將來(lái)之意，將來(lái)開(kāi)坦克；

2、when：在…的時(shí)候，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；grow up：長(zhǎng)大；

3、if：如果，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；what疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句；

4、won’t = will not：不會(huì)，表意愿；stand in your way擋你的路。

Teacher: Why are you writing so fast?

Janie: I want to finish this essay before my pen run out of ink.老師：為什么你寫(xiě)得這么快？

Janie：我想在我的鋼筆墨水用完前寫(xiě)完這篇文章。

考點(diǎn)：

1、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，有將來(lái)之意，將來(lái)完成文章；

2、why疑問(wèn)副詞構(gòu)成特殊問(wèn)句；

3、are writing謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在正在寫(xiě)；

4、程度副詞so修飾方式副詞fast，so fast修飾動(dòng)詞write；

5、before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前；

6、run out of用完，注意主語(yǔ)是pen。

2．不定式的句法作用：

1）作主語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句末。

It may surprise you to learn that he is part Italian(意大利人).His wig(假發(fā))comes from Venice(威尼斯).得知他有意大利血統(tǒng)可能你感到奇怪，他的假發(fā)來(lái)自威尼斯。

注：有些人整容的零件來(lái)是世界各地，他們是多國(guó)混血兒。

考點(diǎn)：

1、to learn that he is part Italian是真正主語(yǔ)；

2、may情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)，意為“可能；也許”，用于肯定句中；

3、引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，本身無(wú)意義，只起連接作用，口語(yǔ)中可省略。

It’s useful to learn English well.考點(diǎn)：

1、to learn English well.是真正的主語(yǔ)；

2、well副詞好，注意不能用形容詞good；

It’s important for us to protect environment.注：當(dāng)在kind, good, nice, clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of.（你是一個(gè)又好（kind, good, nice）又聰明(clever)的家伙）。

It’s very kind of you to lend me money.考點(diǎn)：lend me money的主語(yǔ)是you，所以用lend，不用borrow；

2）作賓語(yǔ)

注：（1）一些謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的這類詞是表示命令、打算或希望，如：would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。（想、希望、打算的時(shí)候，事情還沒(méi)做，所以用不定式表示將來(lái)之意。）

場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn)：一個(gè)乞丐坐在街角，兩只手各拿一頂帽子。有人問(wèn)“另一個(gè)帽子是干什么用的”？乞丐回答：

“Business has been so great lately that I decided to open a branch office.” “最近生意興隆，我決定開(kāi)一家分店”。

考點(diǎn)：

1、to open a branch office.作decide的賓語(yǔ)；

2、so…..that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；

3、has been…..現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，生意一直好到現(xiàn)在，所以用現(xiàn)在完成式；

4、程度副詞so修飾great，lately時(shí)間副詞修飾整個(gè)句子；

5、注意decided用過(guò)去式因?yàn)槭沁^(guò)去作的決定；

6、第一次提及branch office（分公司），前面加不定冠詞a。

Clerk: Would you like to buy one of our new mountain bikes, sir?

Customer: I would, but the price is too steep.Clerk：你想買我們一輛新山地車嗎，先生？

顧客：我想買，但價(jià)格太不合理了（太陡峭了）。

注：steep：陡峭的；不合理的。

考點(diǎn)：

1、to buy one of our new mountain bikes作賓語(yǔ)；

2、Would you like to……常用的征求意見(jiàn)的句型；

3、mountain名詞作定語(yǔ)；

4、one泛指同類事物中的一個(gè)，同類而不同一。

Marty: Are you making any New Year’s resolutions（決心）this year?

Mel: Yes.I plan not to be so insulting（侮辱）to people.Marty: Ha!Knowing your temperament(脾氣), how long do you plan to keep that resolution?

Mel: The whole year, you stupid idiot!

Marty：今年你又下了什么新年決心沒(méi)有？

Mel：我計(jì)劃不再那么侮辱人。

Marty：哈！知道你的脾氣，這個(gè)決心你計(jì)劃保持多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？

Mel：全年，你這個(gè)愚蠢的笨蛋！

注：New Year’s resolution新年計(jì)劃，很多人新年時(shí)下決心計(jì)劃做很多事情。

考點(diǎn)：

1、not to be so….不定式作賓語(yǔ)，不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加not；

2．To keep….不定式作賓語(yǔ)；

3、注意make New Year’s resolution：制定新年計(jì)劃（決心新的一年里做什么事）； New Year前不加冠詞；

4、how long “多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，是對(duì)一個(gè)持續(xù)的時(shí)間段提問(wèn)；

5、that resolution中that形容詞：那個(gè)，用單數(shù)，(復(fù)數(shù)為those)；

6、You stupid idiot!感嘆句，意思是：你這個(gè)愚蠢的笨蛋！

Club manager（俱樂(lè)部經(jīng)理）: Your last joke was so bad it put the audience to sleep.What do you plan to do about it?

Comedian（喜劇演員）: Copyright（申請(qǐng)版權(quán)）it and sell it as a cure for insomnia（失眠）.俱樂(lè)部經(jīng)理：你上一個(gè)笑話很糟糕，觀眾都睡著了，你打算怎么辦？

喜劇演員：申請(qǐng)版權(quán)當(dāng)治療失眠的藥賣。

考點(diǎn)：

1、to do(what)about it做plan的賓語(yǔ)，注意it指講笑話把觀眾講睡著那件事；

2、it put audience to sleep：觀眾都睡著了；to sleep作put的賓補(bǔ)；it指糟糕的笑話；

3、so…(that)(省略that)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；

4、and連接兩個(gè)祈使句。

（2）在find, think后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在句末。

I find it difficult to read English every day.Those that think it permissible（可允許的）to tell white lies soon grow colorblind.那些認(rèn)為可以說(shuō)善意謊言的人不久就變成了色盲。（高中水平）

注：white lie: 善意的謊言。這句話的意思是最后也分不清謊言是不是善意的了。

3）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，它與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。

The father asked his son to pide candy with his younger brother.“How did you pide them, then?”

“It is difficult to pide three pieces between two people, so I ate one first.”

父親讓男孩和他弟弟分糖吃。

“你怎么分的”？

“兩個(gè)人分三塊糖太難了，所以我先吃了一塊”。

考點(diǎn)：

1、to pide candy with his younger brother.為賓補(bǔ)，his son是邏輯主語(yǔ)；

2、to pide three pieces between two people為真正的主語(yǔ)，it為形式主語(yǔ)；

3、介詞with….和…..（分）；

4、younger brother弟弟，younger較年輕的；

5、How引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句，是過(guò)去分的，所以用過(guò)去式；

6、candy為不可數(shù)名詞，三塊糖用three pieces；

7、介詞between指“在……(兩者)之間”，不用“among”，people為復(fù)數(shù)；

8、連詞so連接兩個(gè)句子，so不能與because同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子里；

8、one泛指上文提及的同類事物中的一個(gè)，同類而不同一；

9、副詞first（首先）修飾ate。

注：動(dòng)詞不定式在使役動(dòng)詞make, let和感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, hear, feel等詞后作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，常省去不定式符號(hào)to，had better, would rather后的不定式也不帶to，help后的不定式可帶to，也可不帶to。

How do you make a hot dog stand?

Take away its chair.怎樣使熱狗站著？

拿走它的椅子。

考點(diǎn)：

1、stand為賓補(bǔ)，是不帶to的不定式；

2、動(dòng)詞詞組take away：拿走；

3、its單數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞。

Why did the boy throw the clock out of the window?

Because he wanted to see time fly.為什么這個(gè)小男孩把鐘表扔出窗外？

因?yàn)樗肟粗鴷r(shí)光飛逝。

考點(diǎn)：

1、fly為不帶to的不定式作see的賓補(bǔ)；

2、to see time fly.作為want的賓語(yǔ)；

3、out of側(cè)重由里向外，意為“從窗子里面飛出來(lái)”，而from側(cè)重起點(diǎn)，意為“從…”；

4、the boy, the clock, the window用定冠詞the都是雙方都知道的人和事；

5、because（因?yàn)椋┗卮鹛釂?wèn)（why）。

Is your refrigerator running?

It is? Well, you’d better go and catch it!

你的冰箱運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)嗎？（你的冰箱在跑嗎？）

它跑嗎？好了，你最好去抓住他。

注：Run:運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；跑

考點(diǎn)：

1、had better后面跟不帶to的不定式；

2、running表示正在進(jìn)行，意思是“現(xiàn)在正在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)（跑）”；

場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn)：病人手術(shù)后醒過(guò)來(lái)，外科醫(yī)生對(duì)他說(shuō)，“恐怕還要給你做次手術(shù)，我把橡膠手套落在你肚里了。你猜病人怎么說(shuō)，病人說(shuō)：

Well, if it’s just because of them, I’d rather pay for them if you would just leave me alone.”

“如果就這點(diǎn)兒事兒，你讓我安靜會(huì)兒吧，我愿意付你手套錢”。

考點(diǎn)：

1、would rather后面跟不帶to的不定式；

2、兩個(gè)if都是引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；

3、because of后面跟代詞，表原因；

4、leave me alone不用管我，讓我安靜會(huì)兒。

場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn)：船如果下沉，船長(zhǎng)一般不能茍且偷生，船長(zhǎng)說(shuō)：

The ship is sinking.We must try and save it.Help me get it into the lifeboat.(救生艇)

船正在下沉，我們一定要努力救它，幫幫我把它放到救生艇上去。

考點(diǎn)：

1、get it into the lifeboat作help的賓補(bǔ)，不帶to；

2、sinking用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示船正在下沉；

3、must 表主觀看法，“必須”“應(yīng)該”；

4、into介詞，意思是“到…..里面”。

Holly: The doctor’s helping me lose weight with these three pills.This red one’s for before dinner.That green one’s for after dinner.Ivy: And what’s the pink one for?

Holly: The pink one is dinner.Holly：醫(yī)生正用這3顆藥丸幫助我減肥，紅的飯前吃，綠的飯后吃。

Ivy：那粉紅的干什么用？

Tillie：粉紅的是飯。

考點(diǎn)：

1、lose weight作help的賓補(bǔ)，不帶to；

2、介詞with：用，表手段；

3、one指上文中提到的藥丸中的一個(gè)；

4、for介詞：為….（準(zhǔn)備的）；

5、before：在…..之前；after介詞：在….之后。

但make, see, hear 等詞在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，其后的不定式要帶to。

The ship was helped to get into the lifeboat.（救生艇）

4）作定語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)放在名詞之后，它與名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。

Junior: I’m going to ask my dad to help me with my math homework.Teacher: Now, you know that wouldn’t be right.Junior: Probably not, but at least I’d have something to hand in.小孩：我想要我爸爸幫我做數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)。

教師：現(xiàn)在，你知道那是不對(duì)的。

小孩：可能不對(duì)，但至少我有東西可交。

注：小孩理解成老師擔(dān)心他爸爸作錯(cuò)作業(yè)。

考點(diǎn)：

1、something to hand in.（可交上的東西）；

2、am going to +動(dòng)詞原形(ask)，計(jì)劃、打算做某事，表示已經(jīng)決定很可能發(fā)生的事；

3、ask后面跟帶to的賓補(bǔ)（to help me with my math homework.）；

4、with my math homework注意用介詞with；

5、老師心中的that指代前面提到的讓爸爸做作業(yè)這件事；小孩心中的that指答案；

6、Probably not為省略句，全句為：The answer probably is not right.7、but連接具有轉(zhuǎn)折含義的句子；

8、at least副詞詞組，至少。

Antal: I wish I had enough money to buy a dinosaur.(恐龍)

Donald: What would you do with a dinosaur?

Antal: Who wants the dinosaur, I just want the money.甲：我希望我有買恐龍的錢。

乙：你要恐龍干什么？

甲：誰(shuí)要恐龍，我只是想要那么多錢。

考點(diǎn)：

1、to buy a dinosaur動(dòng)詞不定式可以理解成作定語(yǔ)，買恐龍的錢，也可理解成作狀語(yǔ)，目的是為了買恐龍；

2、what引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句；

3、with介詞：用；

4、who引導(dǎo)不需回答的疑問(wèn)句。

5）作狀語(yǔ)

Boss: You’ve got to find a way to make fewer mistakes on the job.Worker: Okay.How about if I come in later in the morning?

老板：你必須要找到一種方法減少工作上的錯(cuò)誤。

工人：好，我早上晚點(diǎn)兒來(lái)怎么樣？

考點(diǎn)：

1、to make fewer mistakes on the job不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)；

2、have(got)to與must表必須意思相近。Have to表客觀需要“不得不”，must更多的強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上的原因；

3、fewer形容詞比較級(jí)修飾可數(shù)名詞；而less修飾不可數(shù)名詞；

4、on介詞：在……方面；

5、how about征求意見(jiàn)：怎么樣；

6、come in in指進(jìn)辦公室的意思；

7、in the morning固定用法，用定冠詞。

The doctor wants to find a suitable stone to transplant（移植）the heart for the lawyer.這個(gè)醫(yī)生想找一塊合適的石頭給一個(gè)律師移植心臟。

注：律師鐵石心腸，就知道掙錢，這回犯在醫(yī)生的手里了。

考點(diǎn)：

1、to transplant（移植）the heart for the lawyer.不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)；

2、to find……不定式作賓語(yǔ)從句；

3、for介詞：為。

Rich: Why do you work so hard?

Mitch: I’m too nervous to steal.Rich：你為什么工作這么努力？

Mitch：我太緊張了，不敢偷東西

考點(diǎn)：

1、不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)；

2、程度副詞so修飾方式副詞hard，hard修飾work（注意：hardly：幾乎不）；

3、too….to….句型：太….而不能…。

Father, showing Sam the family picture album[相片冊(cè)]:

“And that’s Mom and me on our wedding day.”

Sam: “Is that the day Mom came to work for us?

父親給Sam看家庭相片冊(cè)：這是你媽媽和我在我們的婚禮上。

Sam：是從那天媽媽來(lái)我們家開(kāi)始給我們干活的嗎？

考點(diǎn)：

1、動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)；

2、that’s Mom and me謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，它要與臨近的名詞一致；

3、on our wedding day介詞用on，表示具體某一天。

3．不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not.I plan not to be so insulting（侮辱）to people.4．不定式常和疑問(wèn)詞what, which, when, where, how連用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。

Study is for people who don’t know how to play.學(xué)習(xí)是為不會(huì)玩兒的人準(zhǔn)備的。

注：不愛(ài)學(xué)習(xí)的人的歪言論。

動(dòng)名詞

動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞原形 + ing”構(gòu)成，它具有名詞和動(dòng)詞的特征，它起名詞的作用，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，它也可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。

1．作主語(yǔ)

Don’t believe “Seeing is believing” especially when you watch the magic performance.（魔術(shù)表演）

不要相信“眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)“，特別是當(dāng)你看魔術(shù)表演時(shí)。

考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)；

2．作賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞可作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)，也可作介詞賓語(yǔ)

“Do you love music?

Yes, but never mind, you may continue playing.“你喜歡音樂(lè)嗎”？

“喜歡，但沒(méi)關(guān)系，你可以繼續(xù)演奏”。

注：第二個(gè)人回答的潛臺(tái)詞是你演奏的很差。

考點(diǎn)：

1、playing作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)；

2、助動(dòng)詞do開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句，Yes為肯定回答；

3、but表意思轉(zhuǎn)折；祈使句never mind：沒(méi)關(guān)系，不用擔(dān)心；

4、may表允許，意為“可以”。

場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn)：獲獎(jiǎng)感言：

I’m not interested in the Noble Art ……only in winning the Noble Prize.我對(duì)諾貝爾藝術(shù)獎(jiǎng)沒(méi)有興趣——只對(duì)獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)金感興趣。

考點(diǎn)：

1、winning the Noble Prize是動(dòng)名詞作介賓；

2、interested作表語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是“I”。

Thank you for respecting me(介詞賓語(yǔ))謝謝你尊敬我。

注：有些動(dòng)詞和句型只能用動(dòng)名詞

（1）enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事

I enjoy singing loudly in class.我喜歡上課時(shí)大聲唱歌。

（2）mind doing sth.和mind sb’s doing sth.介意做某事，反對(duì)做某事

Would you mind using simpler language in your speech?

I wouldn’t mind, but I don’t know how.您演講時(shí)是不是可以用簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn)兒的語(yǔ)言？

當(dāng)然可以，但我不知道怎么講。

注：演講時(shí)習(xí)慣堆積辭藻，故作高深。

考點(diǎn)：

1、would you mind doing…為常用句型，客氣地詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)：您介意……嗎？如果回答是肯定的，用of course not：當(dāng)然不介意；

2、simpler形容詞比較級(jí)修飾language；

3、I wouldn’t mind.我不介意；

3、how省略了how to use simpler language，為賓語(yǔ)從句。

Doctor: Nobody lives forever.Patient: I wouldn’t mind trying.醫(yī)生：誰(shuí)也不能長(zhǎng)生不死。

病人：我不介意試試。

注：醫(yī)生勸病人想開(kāi)點(diǎn)兒，病人倒真想得開(kāi)，想試試能不能長(zhǎng)生不老。

考點(diǎn)：

1、I wouldn’t mind doing sth.我不介意做某事；

2、復(fù)合不定代詞Nobody后面跟單數(shù)動(dòng)詞；

3、副詞forever修飾動(dòng)詞live；

（3）stop sb.from doing sth.和prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事

How do you stop an elephant from going through the eye of a needle?

Tie a knot[結(jié)] in his tail.怎樣不讓大象通過(guò)針眼？

在大象尾巴上打一個(gè)結(jié)。

注：腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎。

考點(diǎn)：

1、stop an elephant from going through阻止大象通過(guò)…..2、注意an elephant，用不定冠詞an；

3、a needle用a表示一類東西——針，eye前用the表示某個(gè)針的針眼；

4、In his tail用形容詞性物主代詞his，大象擬人化。

（4）practice doing sth.We should practice speaking English as often as possible.（5）finish doing sth.Before 2008 we will finish building the Olympic Park.（6）feel like doing sth.想要做某事

場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn)：美國(guó)人這么教育下一代：

The next time you feel like complaining, remember: Your garbage disposal [處理器] probably eats better than thirty percent of the people in this world.下次你再想抱怨時(shí)，記住你的垃圾箱可能吃得比世界上30%的人都好。

考點(diǎn)：

1、feel like complaining想抱怨；

2、The next time時(shí)間副詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；

3、better than兩個(gè)事物的比較；

4、thirty percent：30%，percent為單數(shù)；

5、in the world 用定冠詞，因?yàn)閣orld是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。

Feel like后面可以跟名詞

Whenever I feel like exercise, I lie down until the feeling passes.每當(dāng)我想鍛煉時(shí)，我就躺下直到這種感覺(jué)消失。

注：這個(gè)人是真不想鍛煉。

（7）be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣做某事

I’m most used to talking on the topic: Me.我最習(xí)慣談?wù)摰脑掝}是：我。

注：人們都愿意談?wù)撟约骸?/p>

考點(diǎn)：副詞most：最，修飾形容詞used（習(xí)慣的）。

（8）spend…..(in)doing sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事

A bore(討厭鬼)is a man who spends so much time talking about himself that you can’t talk about yourself.討厭鬼就是他大部分時(shí)間都在談?wù)撍约海灾劣谀銢](méi)有時(shí)間談?wù)撃阕约骸?/p>

注：人人都有表現(xiàn)自己的欲望，如果有人只顧自己表現(xiàn)，不給你機(jī)會(huì)表現(xiàn)，那他們就是討厭鬼。

考點(diǎn)：

1、spends so much time talking about himself花大部分時(shí)間談?wù)撟约海?/p>

2、who引導(dǎo)man的定語(yǔ)從句；關(guān)系代詞who在從句中作主語(yǔ)，不可省略；

3、so…..that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；

4、so much修飾不可數(shù)名詞time；

5、can’t情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：不能。

6、himself, yourself反身代詞。

1st Teenager: I spend ages in front of the mirror admiring my beauty.Do you think it’s vanity（虛榮）?

2nd Teenager: No.imagination.十幾歲的（女孩）1：我在鏡子前花了很多時(shí)間欣賞自己的美麗，你認(rèn)為這是虛榮嗎？

十幾歲的（女孩）2：不是，是想象。

考點(diǎn)：

1、spend ages admiring my beauty花了很多時(shí)間欣賞自己的美麗；

2、in front of the mirror 因?yàn)槿苏驹阽R子前，沒(méi)站在鏡子里，所以front前面不用the；比較in the front of the room.在房間前面，指在房間里面的前面；

3、beauty為beautiful的名詞；

注意：下面的spend后面可跟動(dòng)詞不定式，表示將要做的事情。

我想要一個(gè)克服了所有麻煩的房子，I don’t want to spend the rest of my life to bring up a young and inexperienced house.我不想花費(fèi)余生帶大一個(gè)年輕沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的房子。

注：年輕沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的房子指貸款買的房子，剛交了首付，需要還月供。

（9）be worth doing sth.值得做某事

場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn)：有人問(wèn)你有個(gè)地方值不值得去看，你說(shuō)：

Worth seeing: Yes, but not worth going to see.值得看，但不值得去看。

注：考慮到花在路上的時(shí)間就不值得了。

考點(diǎn)：

1、(It’s)worth seeing值得看。

2、to see為不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。

（10）have fun doing sth和have a good time doing sth.盡情做某事，做某事很快樂(lè)

They had fun climbing the mountain last Sunday.（11）have trouble/ problem/ a hard time doing sth.做某事很困難

I had a hard time speaking English in front of the class.（12）thank sb.for doing sth.因某事感謝某人

場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn)：北京要對(duì)擁堵的交通做些什么了，它豎起標(biāo)牌寫(xiě)著：

Thank you for not driving.感謝您不開(kāi)車!常考知識(shí)清單三 分詞

分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種。它們起形容詞和副詞的作用，在句中作定語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)在分詞-ing，有主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行之意，過(guò)去分詞-ed，有被動(dòng)、完成之意。注意它們都有不規(guī)則形式。

1．作定語(yǔ) 分詞與中心詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系

China is a developing country.Japan is a developed country.（玩笑：I’m living in a developed family in a developing country.）

If he has a daughter named Sue and a son named Bill, you know he is a lawyer.如果他有一個(gè)女兒叫起訴[Sue]，有一個(gè)兒子叫費(fèi)用[Bill]，你就知道他是一名律師。

注：律師總是鼓勵(lì)人們起訴（sue），他好代理打官司收費(fèi)(bill)。

2．作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

Daisy: Who was that gorgeous man I saw you kissing last night?

Maisie: What time was it?

Daisy：昨天晚上你吻的那個(gè)光彩奪目的男人是誰(shuí)？

Maisie: 什么時(shí)間？

注：吻得太多了，必須先確定時(shí)間段。

考點(diǎn)：

1、現(xiàn)在分詞kissing作saw的賓補(bǔ)，動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是“you”，當(dāng)時(shí)看著一直在吻；

2、who引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句，問(wèn)一個(gè)人的姓名、身份；

3、I saw you kissing last night作man的定語(yǔ)從句；

4、What time was it？詢問(wèn)時(shí)間（幾點(diǎn)、幾刻）。

You should have your hair cut.(have sth done叫別人為你做某事)

3．作狀語(yǔ)

What animal eats with its tail?

All animals do.No one takes off its tail while eating.什么動(dòng)物用尾巴吃東西？（故意理解成：什么動(dòng)物帶著尾巴吃東西？）

所有動(dòng)物，沒(méi)有動(dòng)物吃東西時(shí)把尾巴拿下來(lái)。

注：With:用（表手段）；帶著。

考點(diǎn)：

1、while eating現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于while they are eating；

2、what引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句，泛指各種動(dòng)物用what animal，如果有幾個(gè)（種）動(dòng)物需要選擇，用which animal；

3、with介詞：用，表手段；（故意理解成：帶著）；

4、形容詞all：所有的，修飾animals；

5、do代替eat with their tails；

6、動(dòng)詞詞組take off：拿掉；

7、形容詞性物主代詞its，主語(yǔ)是No one，所以用單數(shù)。

4．作表語(yǔ)

We are excited about the exciting news.考點(diǎn)：

1、Excited：興奮的，作表語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是“we”；

2、exciting：令人興奮的，作定語(yǔ)，修飾“news”。

場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn)：獲獎(jiǎng)感言：

I’m not interested in the Noble Art ……only in winning the Noble Prize.我對(duì)諾貝爾藝術(shù)獎(jiǎng)沒(méi)有興趣——只對(duì)獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)金感興趣。

考點(diǎn)：

1、interested：感興趣的，作表語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是“I”；

2、動(dòng)名詞winning the Noble Prize.作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。

When I was born, I was so surprised I couldn’t talk for a year and a half.我出生時(shí)當(dāng)我知道自己一年半不能說(shuō)話時(shí)很吃驚。注：一年半不能說(shuō)話是夠郁悶的。

考點(diǎn)：

1、surprised感到驚訝的，主語(yǔ)是“I”，對(duì)比surprising令人驚訝的，主語(yǔ)一般是物。

2、when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，是一般過(guò)去時(shí)；

3、couldn’t為can’t的過(guò)去式，表過(guò)去沒(méi)有能力；

4、介詞for，表一段時(shí)間；

5、a year and a half一年半。

易混知識(shí)清單一 動(dòng)詞后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別

有些動(dòng)詞后可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，也可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但意義不同，要注意區(qū)分（有些動(dòng)詞如like, hate, love，start, begin等后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞意義差別不大）

Stop to do sth.停下來(lái)去做某事

Stop doing sth.停止做某事

When can a mother stop worrying about her delicate vase（花瓶）? When it’s broken.什么時(shí)候媽媽能不再擔(dān)心她精美的花瓶？ 當(dāng)花瓶碎了的時(shí)候。

考點(diǎn)：

1、stop worrying about不再擔(dān)心；

2、break, broke, broken分別為動(dòng)詞原形、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞。

Stop to think about it for a moment.停下來(lái)想一想。

考點(diǎn)：to think about it作目的狀語(yǔ)。

Remember to do sth.記住要做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）

Remember doing sth.記得曾做過(guò)某事（動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）

The science teacher lecturing his class in biology said, Now I’ll show you this frog in my pocket.He then reached

into his pocket and pulled out a chicken sandwich.He looked puzzled for a second, thought deeply, and said, That’s

funny.I distinctly[顯然] remember eating my lunch.自然課老師在生物課上說(shuō)，“現(xiàn)在你們看看我口袋里這只青蛙”，卻伸手摸出一個(gè)雞肉三名治，他很困惑，認(rèn)真回想著，“真有趣，我明明記得吃了午飯了”。

考點(diǎn)：

1、remember eating my lunch.記得吃了午飯了，他確實(shí)吃了；

2、in biology在生物課上，注意biology前用零冠詞；

3、in my pocket介詞用in，表示在口袋里面；

4、show后面跟雙賓語(yǔ)：you和this frog；

5、into到(口袋)里面；

6、pull out拿出；

7、Chicken sandwich中chicken是名詞作定語(yǔ)；

8、look puzzled顯得困惑；

9、for a second一會(huì)兒；

10、thought為think的過(guò)去式（過(guò)去分詞也為thought）;

11、That’s funny中that指摸出青蛙這件事；funny有趣的，作表語(yǔ)。

場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn)：媽媽囑咐兒子：

Please rememer to eat your lunch.請(qǐng)記著吃午飯（還沒(méi)有吃）。

Forget to do sth.忘記做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）

Forget doing sth忘記做過(guò)某事（動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）

I’m sorry.I bought a book that’s supposed to improve my memory--but I keep forgetting to read it.對(duì)不起，我買過(guò)一本書(shū)想增強(qiáng)我的記憶力——但我老是忘記讀。

考點(diǎn)：

1、forgetting to read it.忘記讀（還沒(méi)讀）；

2、bought用過(guò)去式是因?yàn)橐郧百I過(guò)那本書(shū)；

3、that’s supposed to improve my memory為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾book；

4、improve my memory增強(qiáng)我的記憶力；

5、but連接表轉(zhuǎn)折意思的兩個(gè)句子；

6、forgetting to read it.作keep的賓語(yǔ)。

Jack, why do you drink so much water?

I have just had an apple but I forgot to wash it.Jack, 為什么你喝這么多水？

我剛吃了個(gè)蘋果，但我忘了洗了。

考點(diǎn)：

1、forgot to wash it.忘了洗了（沒(méi)有洗）；

2、副詞so much修飾不可數(shù)名詞water，注意用much；

3、I have just had an apple用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)吃完蘋果，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響；

4、代詞it指吃到肚里的蘋果。

I forgot washing the apple.我忘了那個(gè)蘋果洗過(guò)了。（已經(jīng)洗過(guò)那個(gè)蘋果了）

Try to do sth.努力去做某事

Try doing sth.試著去做某事

What are you doing in front of the mirror and with your eyes shut? I’m trying to see what I look like when I’m asleep.你閉著眼睛站在鏡子前在干什么？——我努力想看看我睡著時(shí)是什么樣。

考點(diǎn)：

1、trying to see努力看看；

2、what引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句，；

3、…doing….用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式是表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；

4、in front of the mirror 在鏡子前面；in the front of the room在屋子里面前面；

5、with your eyes shut眼睛閉著，shut為過(guò)去分詞，（過(guò)去式也是shut）；

6、what I look like：我長(zhǎng)什么樣，作see的賓語(yǔ)；

7、when I’m asleep：我睡著時(shí)，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，修飾what I look like；

8、形容詞asleep：睡著的。

I tried speaking animal language to him.我試著用動(dòng)物語(yǔ)言和他談話。

Go on to do sth.做完一件事，接著改做另外一件事

Go on doing繼續(xù)不停地做某事

Go on to eat the fried chicken leg after you finish this turkey.吃完這個(gè)火雞后，接著吃那個(gè)炸雞腿。

Go on eating this turkey after a short rest.休息一會(huì)兒之后，繼續(xù)吃火雞。

Allow doing sth.允許做某事

Allow sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事

We don’t allow swimming in the bathtub.我們不允許在浴缸里游泳。

We don’t allow students to laugh at teachers.我們不允許學(xué)生嘲笑老師。

易混知識(shí)清單二 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)和動(dòng)名詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別

See, watch, hear, find, feel等感官動(dòng)詞，后接不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程已經(jīng)結(jié)束或存在的事實(shí)，動(dòng)名詞作賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作的一部分正在進(jìn)行。

Daisy: Who was that gorgeous man I saw you kissing last night?（現(xiàn)在分詞）

Maisie: What time was it?

Daisy：昨天晚上你吻的那個(gè)光彩奪目的男人是誰(shuí)？

Maisie: 什么時(shí)間？

注：吻得太多了，必須先確定時(shí)間段。

考點(diǎn)：

1、現(xiàn)在分詞kissing作saw的賓補(bǔ)，動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是“you”，當(dāng)時(shí)看時(shí)一直在吻；

2、who引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句；

3、I saw you kissing last night作定語(yǔ)從句，修飾man；

4、What time was it？詢問(wèn)時(shí)間。

I saw him cross the road.我看見(jiàn)他過(guò)了馬路。

Teacher: Cassandra, if I saw a man beating a donkey and I stopped him, what virtue（美德）would I be showing?

Cassandra: Brotherly love?

老師：Cassandra，如果我看見(jiàn)有人在毆打一頭驢，我制止了他，我顯示出了什么美德？

Cassabdra：兄弟般的關(guān)愛(ài)？

考點(diǎn)：

1、saw a man beating a donkey 看見(jiàn)一個(gè)人正在毆打一頭驢；

2、if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

I saw a man beat a donkey.我看見(jiàn)一個(gè)人毆打一頭驢。（已經(jīng)打完了）

易混知識(shí)清單三 need, require, want后跟不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別

當(dāng)need, require, want作“需要”解時(shí)，后加動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)式等于不定式的被動(dòng)式。

The window needs cleaning.= The window needs to be cleaned.Your brain needs cleaning.= Your brain needs to be cleaned.易混知識(shí)清單四 不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，作定語(yǔ)不能省去介詞

I don’t have enough money to buy a BMW, so I have something to worry about.我沒(méi)有足夠的錢去買輛寶馬，所以我有些擔(dān)心。

Heaven is a good place to live in.天堂是一個(gè)居住的好地方。