第一篇：寫作重要句型翻譯翻譯

TEM-4

P168 1.和中學(xué)生活相比，大學(xué)生活給我們提供了更多自由發(fā)展的空間。在中學(xué)，我們的一切生活都是由父母和老師決定: 我們該做哪些書上的題，該幾點上床等等。而在大學(xué)，我們是自己的主人，我們可以自己決定參加什么樣的校園活動，在課余時間讀什么樣的書。

2.很多人欣賞城市生活的便捷。農(nóng)村生活也很誘人。兩者都有利有弊。城市生活也有諸如交通擁擠、空氣污染等問題。

3.使用計算機的優(yōu)點之一是它的方便。我喜歡計算機的另一個原因是它能提高工作效率。

總的來說，電腦有利有弊。但是公平地講，我們每個人都必須承認(rèn)，它的優(yōu)點超過它帶給我們的麻煩。

1.Compared with middle school life, college provides us with more developing freedom.In high school, parents and teachers used to arrange all aspects of our life: which books we should read, and when we should go to bed.However, in college, we are our own boss.We can decide what campus activities we want to take part in, what books we are willing to read in our spare time.2.Many people appreciate the convenience of city life.Country life is also very attractive.Both of them have their own problems like traffic jam and air pollution.3.One merit of computer is its convenience.Another reason for my preference for computer is that it can improve our working efficiency.Generally speaking, computer can be a blessing and a curse.But fairly speaking, we must admit that its advantages outweigh the troubles it may bring to us.

第二篇：句型翻譯

句式1：there be句型結(jié)構(gòu)

★此句型是由there+be+主語+狀語構(gòu)成，用以表達(dá)存在有，一種無主語的有。它其實是倒裝的一種情況，主語位于謂語動詞be之后，there僅為引導(dǎo)詞，并無實際意義。be 與其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)量上一致，有時態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。現(xiàn)在有 there is/are ? 過去有 there was/were?

將來有 there will be…/there is /are going to be...現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有 there has/have been? 可能有 there might be …

肯定有 there must be …/there must have been… 過去一直有 there used to be ?

似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …

碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …

此句型有時不用be動詞，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。

★翻譯練習(xí)(要求用There be 句型)：

1、一年有多少個月？

2、我家有5口人。

3、我們學(xué)校有各種各樣的課外活動。

4、你們城里有多少所幼兒園？

5、他們工廠有很多新機器。

6、現(xiàn)在有許多同學(xué)在教室學(xué)習(xí)。

7、房間有許多家具，墻壁上有許多照片。

8、在我們村莊附近有一家醫(yī)院。

9、今天的報紙有許多新消息嗎？

10、這個星期六有音樂會嗎？

11、花園里有一個游泳池。

12、別匆匆忙忙。有的是時間。

13、在屋子里有一張寫字臺、一臺計算機和幾堆書。

14、我們學(xué)校下星期將有一個晚會。

15、在這個山洞前面長著一棵高大的松樹。

16、過去我們村莊有一所小學(xué)。

17、晚會的活動內(nèi)容有音樂、跳舞、唱歌和游戲。

18、在學(xué)校前面有一條小河。

19、然而，還存在一些問題，如水、空氣污染和交通擁擠。20、從前，在海邊的一個村子里住著一位老漁夫。

參考答案：

1.How many months are there in a year? 2.There are five people in my family.3.There are all kinds of after-class activities in our school.4.How many kindergartens are there in your city? 5.There are a lot of new machines in their factory.6.Now there are many students studying in the classroom.7.There is much furniture in the room.There are many photos on the wall.8.There is a hospital near our village.9.Is there much news on today’s newspaper? 10.Is there going to be a concert this Saturday? 11.There is a swimming pool in the garden.12.Don’t hurry.There is enough time.13.There is a writing desk, a computer and a few piles of books in the room.14.There will be an evening party in our school next Monday.15.In front of the cave, there stands(grows)a tall pine tree.16.There used to be a primary school in our village.17.There is music, dancing and games at the evening party.18.There lies a small river in front of our school.19.However, there exist some problems, such as, water pollution, air pollution and crowdedheavy traffic.20.Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea

句型2：動詞不定式 動詞不定式：動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞，非謂語動詞是指那些在句中不能單獨充當(dāng)謂語的動詞，分為不定式，動名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，由to＋動詞原形構(gòu)成，但在有些情況下to可以省略。在句中不能單獨作謂語。它具有動詞的性質(zhì)，本身可以帶賓語和狀語。動詞不定式在句中可以作除了謂語之外的任何成分，還可用在復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，而且有完成時、進(jìn)行時、完成進(jìn)行時和否定形式。動詞不定式的被動形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進(jìn)行式。翻譯下面的句子：

1、騎自行車到那兒要花我們半小時。

2、照顧老人是我們的職責(zé)。

3、我們要在十五分鐘寫完這篇作文是很難的。

4、尊重別人就是尊重自己。

5、當(dāng)你不用車的時候，鎖車是有必要的。

6、司機沒能及時看見另一輛車(fail)。

7、我碰巧知道你那道問題的答案。

8、他答應(yīng)一小時后回來。

9、我發(fā)現(xiàn)有可能不用計算機而解出這道題目。

10、我覺得被邀請在會上面對這么多學(xué)生發(fā)言是一件很光榮的事情。

11、沒有人能告訴我哪里能買到這本書。

12、我們打算在那兒呆一個星期。

13、我認(rèn)為我們學(xué)好一門外語非常重要。

14、什么時候出發(fā)去倫敦還沒有決定。

15、史密斯先生不知道離開那里還是留在那里。

1.To get there by bike will take us half an hour.2.It's our duty to take good care of the old.3.It is very difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.4.To respect others is to be respected.5.It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.6.The driver failed to see the other car in time.7.I happen to know the answer to your question.8.He promised to return in an hour.9.I found it possible to work out the problem without a computer.10.I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.11.No one could tell me where to buy(get)the book.12.We have meant(planned, intended)to stay there a week.13.We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.14.When to leave for London has not been decided yet.15.Mr.Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there.句型3：動名詞

動名詞：動名詞(the Gerund)是非限定動詞，由動詞原形加詞尾-ing構(gòu)成。它具有動詞的特征與名詞的特征，在各類應(yīng)試中都是一項重要的測試內(nèi)容。英語動名詞有兩個特點，1、它是從動詞變化而來的，所以它保留了動詞的某些特征，例如它能帶自己的賓語、狀語等，這時就叫動名詞短語；

2、顧名思義，動名詞最大的特點是它相當(dāng)于一個名詞，因此，動名詞可以在句中作主語、賓語等。因為它作為名詞來使用，所以動名詞也有像名詞一樣的“所有格形式”。翻譯下面句子：

1、在夏天，游泳是最好的鍛煉方式。

2、生活沒有目標(biāo)就像航海沒有指南針一樣。

3、早晨朗讀英文會給你帶來許多好處。

4、考試作弊毀壞人的性格。

5、他當(dāng)選為我們的主席使我們很開心。

6、同他爭論是無用的。

7、學(xué)而不實踐是沒好處的。

8、他的愛好是集郵。

9、他的業(yè)余工作是為那家公司推銷新產(chǎn)品。

10、他設(shè)法避免(escape)患那種疾病。

11、聽完了那個滑稽故事，我們?nèi)滩蛔⌒α恕?/p>

12、犯罪嫌疑人(suspect)否認(rèn)他那晚開過辦公室的電腦。

13、我期待著您下一次的到來。

14、我們最好把這事推遲到下個星期討論。

15、他因打斷了我們的談話而向我們道歉。

16、那位秘書因沒有按時將報告打印出來而受責(zé)備。

1.Swimming is the best exercise in summer.2.Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.3.Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.4.Cheating in an exam ruins one's character.5.His being elected our chairman made us very happy.6.It is no use arguing with him.7.It is no good learning without practice.8.His hobby is collecting stamps.9.His part-time job is promoting new products for the company.10.He managed to escape suffering from the disease.11.After hearing the funny story, all of us couldn't help laughing.12.The suspect denied turning on the computer in the office that night.13.I'm looking forward to your coming next time.14.We'd better postpone discussing it till next week.15.He apologized for interrupting us.16.The secretary was scolded for not having finished typing the report in time.句型4：狀語從句

狀語從句：在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句，它可以用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動詞）、定語或狀語，或是整個句子。狀語從句通常由一個連詞引起，也可以由一個起連詞作用的詞組引起，有時甚至不需要連詞直接和主句連接起來。狀語從句一般分為九大類:(一)、時間狀語從句常用when，as，while，before，after，since，till，until，as soon as，hardly…when, no sooner…than, scarcely…when, the moment等連詞引導(dǎo)。

1、你一旦見過他，就不會忘了他的（once)。

2、我一有他的答復(fù)就給你打電話(as soon as/the moment)。

3、我還沒來得及阻止他他就跑掉了（before)。

4、不久他就把自信車還給我了（before)。

5、每當(dāng)我們遇上困難的時候，他們就來幫我們(whenever)。

6、他告訴我了我才知道這件事(till)。

7、不親眼看到，他就不會相信(until)。

8、我每次去他家，他都出去了(every time/each time)。

9、昨晚我寫信時他在看電視(while)。

10、隨著年齡的增加，她開始變聾了（as, go deaf)。

11、趁年輕我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)（while)。【趁熱打鐵】。

1.Once you see him, you will never forget him.2.I’ll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.3.He ran off before I could stop him.4.It was not long before he returned the bicycle to me.5.Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.6.I knew nothing about it until / till he told me.7.He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.8.Every time I went to his house, he was out.9.He was watching TV last night while I was writing a letter． 10.As she got older, she began to go deaf.11.We should work hard while we are young.(Strike while the iron is hot.)

（二）原因狀語從句

一般用 because, since, now that, as和for引導(dǎo)。偶爾也用considering that（顧及到）, seeing that（由于）引導(dǎo)。

12、他沒有回答我的問題僅僅是因為他不會（because)。

13、既然你沒有事可做，為什么不幫我呢(since/now that)？

14、由于天越來越晚，我們就回家了(as)。

15、我們必須戒除粗心，由于它會導(dǎo)致錯誤(for)。

16、由于今于是星期天，我們沒有去上學(xué)(because并用于強調(diào)句型）。

17、他不可能見過我，因為當(dāng)時我不在那兒（because)。

18、既然大家都來了，咱們就設(shè)法做出一個決定吧（since/now that)。

19、考慮到他們才剛剛學(xué)做，他們干得算很不錯的了（considering that）。

12.He didn’t answer my question simply because he couldn't． 13.Since you have nothing to do，why don’t you help me.14.As it was getting late, we went home．

15.We must get rid of carelessnessfor it often leads to errors/mistakes.16.It is because today is Sunday that we don’t go to school.17.He couldn’t have seen me, because I was not there.18.Now that/Since you are all here, let’s try and make a decision.19.Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.（三）地點狀語從句

是由where（在……的地方）, wherever（無論哪里）引導(dǎo)。20、武漢位于長江和漢水匯合處(the Yangtze and the Han River)。

21、有志者，事竟成。

22、哪兒有問題，你最好在哪兒做個記號。

23、他無論在什么地方，總是與我們保持聯(lián)系。

24、村民們在污染嚴(yán)重的地方種植了許多樹。

25、年輕人應(yīng)該到最需要的地方去。

26、我把相片放在我每天都能看到的地方。

27、無論我們?nèi)ツ睦铮覀兌家娜獾貫槿嗣穹?wù)。

28、請站在原地。

20.Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.21.Where there is a will, there is a way.22.You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.23.He would keep in touch with us wherever he was.24.The villagers have planted many trees where the pollution is very serious.25.The young should go where they are most needed.26.I keep the photo where I can see it every day.27.Wherever we go, we will serve the people heart and soul.28.Please stay where you are.（四）引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句 的主要連詞有:that, so that（以便）, in order that（為了）, for fear that（以便）, in case（萬一）等，從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動詞，如：can, could, may, might, should等。

29、我們坐前排吧，這樣我們看得更清楚些。30、最好多帶些衣服以防天氣會冷。

31、我早晨早早起床以便趕上第一班公共汽車。

32、他努力學(xué)習(xí)以便將來能更好地為人民服務(wù)。

33、我們把收音機音量開大以便每個人都能聽到那條重要的消息。

29.Let’s take the front seats(so)that we may see more clearly.30.(You had)Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.31.I got up early in the morning so that I could catch the first bus.32.He studies hard in order that he can serve the people better in the future.33.We turned the radio up so that everyone might hear the important news.（五）引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句 的連詞有：that, so that（從句中不帶情態(tài)動詞）, so…that(如此……以致……), such…that(如此……以致……)等。

34、我們把收音機音量開大，結(jié)果每個人都聽到了那條重要的消息。

35、他沒把時間計劃好，結(jié)果沒按時完成這項工作。

36、我們走得匆忙，把門都忘了鎖了。

37、這村子太小，所以這地圖上沒有（show)。

38、Jenny是如此聰明的女孩，以至老師們都非常喜歡她。

39、他朋友很少，所以經(jīng)常感到孤獨。

40、我摔了許多跤，以至于渾身青一塊，紫一塊（black and blue)。

34.We turned the radio up, so that everyone heard the important news.35.He didn’t plan his time well, so that/so he didn’t finish the work in time.36.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.37.The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.38.Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much = Jenny is so clever a girl that all the teachers like her very much.39.He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.40.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.（六）條件狀語從句：

表示條件的狀語從句可以由if（如果）, unless（除非）, in case（萬一）, so /as long as（只要）, as/ so far as（就??而言）, on condition that（條件是??）, suppose（假設(shè)）, supposing（假設(shè)）（僅用在問句中）等詞或詞組引導(dǎo)。一般情況下當(dāng)主句是將來時的時候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。

41、只要我們不灰心，我們就能找到克服困難的方法(as/so long as)。

42、萬一你有什么困難，請給我們一個信兒(in case)。

43、如果你明早6點鐘走，你最好現(xiàn)在就上床(if)。

44、只要你能保持整潔，我們可以讓你使用這個房間(on condition that)。

45、他會接受這項工作的，除非薪水太少/如果薪水不太少的話(unless/if...not)。

46、據(jù)我所知，他是一個DNA專家(as far as)。

47、假設(shè)我們弄不到足夠的食物，那我們怎么辦(suppose/supposing)？ 41.As/So long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.42.Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.43.If you leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning, you’d better get to bed now.44.We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.45.He’ll accept the job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too low.46.As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.47.Suppose/Supposing we can’t get enough food, what shall we do?

（七）方式狀語從句：

方式狀語從句常由as（與……一樣）, as if（仿佛）, as though（仿佛）等詞引導(dǎo)。

48、入鄉(xiāng)隨俗(as)。

49、她站在門口，仿佛在等人似的(as if)。50、事情就如你喜歡的那樣(as)。

51、我按你的建議把計劃修改了(as)。

52、天看起來好像要下雨(as if)。

53、我愛你就像你是我的兒子(as if)。

48.Do in Rome as the Romans do.49.She stood at the door as if(=as though)she were waiting for someone.50.Things are just as you like.51.I have changed the plan as you suggested.52.It looks as if it is going to rain.53.I’ve loved you as if you were my son.．.（八）比較狀語從句：

比較狀語從句常用as …as，than, not so…as, the more…引導(dǎo)。

54、你和他在一起呆的時間越長，你就會越了解他(the more, the more)。

55、上海下的雨比北京的多(than)。

56、我們的國家同整個歐洲一樣大(as...as...).57、結(jié)果不如我預(yù)料的那么好(not as/so...as...)。

54.The longer you stay with him, the beter you will know him.55.It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing.56.Our country is as big as the whole of Europe.57.The result was not as/so good as I had expected

（九）讓步狀語從句：

讓步狀語從句由although（盡管）, though（盡管）, however（無論怎樣）, whatever（無論什么）, whoever（無論誰）, whomever（無論誰）, whichever（無論哪個）, whenever（無論何時）, wherever（無論哪里）, whether（是否）, no matter(who, what, where, when, etc)（無論……）, even if（即使）, even though（即使）等詞引導(dǎo)。

58、我們就是失敗十次也不泄氣(even if/even though)。

59、我認(rèn)為我們還是買這件，雖然它會占去更多的空間(although/though)。60、無論它有多貴，我也要買下它(however/no matter how)。61、不管他們是誰，別讓他們進(jìn)來(whoever/no matter who)。

62、無論我說什么或怎么說，他總認(rèn)為是我錯(whatever and however)。63、不管你信不信，這是真的(whether)。

64、不論你走那條路都要三個小時(whichever way)。65、不管你什么時候去看他, 他都在用功(no matter when)。66、不論你做什么, 好好地做(whatever/no matter who)。67、雖然他工作很努力，但還是不能按時完成任務(wù)（as)。68、雖然他很年輕，但他懂得很多(as)。

58.We won’t be discouraged even if(=even though)we fail ten times.59.I think we should get this one, although it may take up more space in the room.60.However(=No matter how)expensive it may be, I’ll take it.61.Don’t let them in, whoever(=no matter who)they are.62.No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.63.Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.64.No matter which(whichever)way you take, It takes you three hours.65.No matter when(Whenever)you go to see him, he is always working hard.66.No matter what do you do, do it well.67.Hard as he worked, he couldn't finish the task on time.68.Young as he is, he knows a lot.

第三篇：翻譯句型

句型

1.leave sb the choice of...or...要么?，要么?（選擇類經(jīng)典句）

Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission.敵人冷酷無情/鐵石心腸，我們要么英勇奮戰(zhàn)，要么屈膝投降。

The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor.年過三十，要么結(jié)婚，要么單身。

2.be the instrument of sth 引來某事物的人或事（使動類經(jīng)典句）

The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them.全國同胞都在注視著我們。如果我們有幸使他們擺脫強加于身的暴政，我們將得到他們的祝福和贊頌。

他所建立的組織最終使他垮了臺。

The organization he had built up eventually became the instrument of his downfall.能夠讓你幸福，我愿意付出我的一切。

If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all I have.3.it was the memory / memories of 追溯到?，回顧歷史（回憶類經(jīng)典句）

Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development.（回顧歷史，）人們可能會把 1964 年東京奧運會和 1988 年漢城奧運會分別視為日韓兩國發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)折點。

It was the memory of 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered from the attacks of atomic bomb, from which originated the term of “Zero Ground”.“零地帶”這個術(shù)語可以追溯到 1945 年廣島和長崎遭受原子彈襲擊的歷史時刻。

4.on the premise / ground / prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis / presuposition that 基于一個前提?（假設(shè)類經(jīng)典句）

中國政府在宣布實行和平統(tǒng)一的方針時，是基于一個前提，即當(dāng)時的臺灣當(dāng)局堅持世界上只有一個中國，臺灣是中國的一部分。

The Chinese government declared the implementation of the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is but one part of China.Advice to investors was based on the premise that interest rates would continue to fall.對投資者的建議是以利率將繼續(xù)下跌為依據(jù)的。

5.be bound to 必定?；一定?（意愿類經(jīng)典句）

西部大開發(fā)一定能成為溝通世界各國和中國的一座橋梁，促進(jìn)中國和世界經(jīng)濟共同發(fā)展，共同繁榮。

The Great Development of Western China is bound to be a bridge between China and other countries, promoting common economic development and prosperity for the whole world.Just wars are bound to triumph over wars of aggression.正義之戰(zhàn)必勝，侵略之戰(zhàn)必敗。

6.a matter of sth/doing sth 與?有關(guān)的情況或問題（描述類經(jīng)典句）

Considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart.“Eventually, being 'poor' won't be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.”

請思考一下同一個人在八年前與現(xiàn)在所說的話。“說到底，‘貧窮’與其說是生活在貧窮的國家里，還不如說是技藝不精。”

Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience.處理這些問題全憑經(jīng)驗。

7.This is the similar case with/when 這恰如；正如；也會（比較類經(jīng)典句）

這恰如我們雖然看不懂莫扎特樂曲的總譜，卻照樣能同它的主旋律產(chǎn)生共鳴，擊節(jié)稱贊。

This is the similar case when the main melody can evoke a strong echo for us with our hands clapping in admiration despite our disability to understand the score of Mozart's musical pieces.除此以外，老百姓的服務(wù)性消費，如教育，信息，旅游等消費也會大量增長。

Besides, this is also the case with the citizen's expenditure on education, information, traveling, etc.8.be exemplified by 這一點也證明了?；這點反映在以下事實：?（舉例類經(jīng)典句）

This American desire to keep the children's world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是晚些時候才告訴孩子們，這一點也證實了美國人想把兒童世界和成人世界隔離開的愿望。

美國人想把兒童和成人的世界劃清界限，這一愿望還反映在以下事實：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是晚些時候才告訴孩子們。

The manual worker is usually quite at ease in any company.This is partly explained by the fact that people of all income groups go together to the same schools.體力勞動者在任何場合通常都相當(dāng)自在。收入檔次不同的人就讀同一所學(xué)校，這個事實多少說明了這一點。

9.constitute?（不用于進(jìn)行式）是；認(rèn)為（判斷類經(jīng)典句）

歷史雄辯地說明，中美之間建立在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上的勞動分工是最為合理和實用的國際關(guān)系。

History has proved eloquently that the division of labor based on equality and mutual benefit between China and USA constitutes the most reasonable and practical international relationship.My decision does not constitute a precedent.我的決定不應(yīng)視為先例。

The defeat constitutes a major set-back for our diplomacy.這一失敗是我們外交上的重大挫折。

10.witness...見證?（發(fā)生類經(jīng)典句）

a time or event witnesses sth / sb in a particular situation or doing a particular thing.經(jīng)過二十多年的快速發(fā)展，中國西部地區(qū)已奠定了一定的物質(zhì)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。

The rapid development in the past 20 years witnesses a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology in the western region of China.在下一輪的會談中，我們將宣布中東地區(qū)永久停火協(xié)議，對此我抱有樂觀態(tài)度并充滿希望。

I am optimistic and hopeful that the next round of talk will witness a permanent cease-fire in the Middle East.同傳訓(xùn)練方法

首先聲明：以下方法必須以非凡的努力為前提，否則同傳便無法實現(xiàn)

自我訓(xùn)練：提高同聲傳譯技能的一條重要途徑就是自我訓(xùn)練。畢竟不是人人都有機會得到專門化的職業(yè)訓(xùn)練。有些譯員已經(jīng)在一線工作了很長時間，具有良好的語言基礎(chǔ)和心理素質(zhì)，如果了解同聲傳譯訓(xùn)練的內(nèi)容和主要方法是可以進(jìn)行自我訓(xùn)練的。但同聲傳譯的訓(xùn)練是一個艱苦的過程，學(xué)習(xí)者一定要有恒心、耐心和決心，并制定切實可行的學(xué)習(xí)計劃，循序漸進(jìn)逐步提高自己的同聲傳譯水平。當(dāng)然并非人人都可以進(jìn)行同聲傳譯的學(xué)習(xí)，它要求學(xué)習(xí)者要有扎實的雙語基礎(chǔ)、良好的心理素質(zhì)，有一定的連續(xù)傳譯的基礎(chǔ)并對同聲傳譯有濃厚的興趣。以下介紹同聲傳譯專業(yè)訓(xùn)練的基本步驟和常用方法。

① 影子練習(xí): 影子練習(xí)(shadowing exercise)又叫原語或單語復(fù)述練習(xí)。就是用同種語言幾乎同步地跟讀發(fā)言人的講話或事先錄制好的新聞錄音、會議資料等。該訓(xùn)練的目的是培養(yǎng)譯員的注意力分配（split of attention）和聽說同步進(jìn)行的同聲傳譯技能。做影子練習(xí)時，開始的時候可以與原語同步開始，經(jīng)過一段時間的練習(xí)后，可以在原語開始后半到一句話跟讀原語。跟讀原語時不僅僅是鸚鵡學(xué)舌，要做到耳朵在聽（原語）、嘴巴在說（同種語言復(fù)述）、腦子在想（語言內(nèi)容）。在跟讀完一段5-8分鐘長度的講話或新聞之后，應(yīng)該可以概述出原語的主要內(nèi)容。在影子練習(xí)的后一階段，可以安排“干擾”練習(xí)，就是在聽、說同步進(jìn)行的同時，手也動起來。要求學(xué)員從999開始寫起，按倒數(shù)的形式往下寫999、998、997?。影子練習(xí)視個人的基礎(chǔ)可以進(jìn)行3-5周（每周2-4小時）的訓(xùn)練，練習(xí)形式相對自由，在聽廣播、看電視、聽報告時都可以做此練習(xí)。學(xué)員在練習(xí)中產(chǎn)生了想用譯入語同步陳述時就可以轉(zhuǎn)入下一階段的 練習(xí)了。

②原語概述: 原語概述練習(xí)是影子練習(xí)的延續(xù)。就是學(xué)員用原語跟讀完一段講話內(nèi)容后，停下來憑記憶力對剛剛跟讀的內(nèi)容用同種語言進(jìn)行概述，歸納講話內(nèi)容的核心思想。如： “On April 8 we have noticed the news of Japanese Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa’s resignation.This is an internal affairs of Japan.Prime Minister Hosokawa has made a valuable effort to promote Sino-Japanese friendly relations.We hope that Sino-Japanese relations can continue stable and healthful development.” 就可以概括為：“Japanese Prime Minister resigned.We hope this will not have impact on Sino-Japan relations.”開始做該類練習(xí)時，間隔時間可以相對短一點，在學(xué)員掌握要領(lǐng)之后再逐漸加長。原語概述練習(xí)的目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)員短期記憶力、邊聽、邊說、邊想（抓核心內(nèi)容）的習(xí)慣。

③譯入語概述: 譯入語概述練習(xí)是在原語概述練習(xí)進(jìn)行一段時間后將概述原語內(nèi)容用譯入語進(jìn)行。目的是鞏固聽說同步并逐漸過渡到真正的同聲傳譯。練習(xí)時譯員不必過度強調(diào)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和具體內(nèi)容，而是培養(yǎng)用簡練的譯入語傳達(dá)原語的中心思想和主要信息點。如：“The protection of the environment is a vital component of continued economic development.Here and in Hong Kong decades of explosive growth have taken a toll on the environment resulting in air and water pollution, destruction of the natural environment, traffic congestion and deforestation.Not only does this discourage further economic investment and encourage industries already here for relocate, but it also makes it increasingly difficult for Guangdong to enter into the next level of economic development.” 可以用譯入語--漢語概述為：“環(huán)境保護(hù)是經(jīng)濟持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要因素。// 過去廣東和香港在這方面已有過教訓(xùn)。// 環(huán)保是廣東吸引更多投資使經(jīng)濟更上一層樓的保障。//”

④視譯: 視譯（on-sight interpreting）是指同傳譯員拿著講話人的發(fā)言稿，邊聽發(fā)言、邊看原稿、邊進(jìn)行同聲傳譯。在練習(xí)時，第一步可以找一些有譯文的發(fā)言稿，邊聽發(fā)言錄音，邊做“同聲傳讀。”逐漸過渡到脫離譯稿只看原文進(jìn)行口譯。視譯時可以用很短時間對原文通讀一次，了解發(fā)言的主要內(nèi)容并對語言、專業(yè)難點做“譯前準(zhǔn)備”。

⑤磁帶練習(xí): 同聲傳譯是實踐性很強的活動，其所涉及到的技巧要靠平時的練習(xí)才能為學(xué)習(xí)者掌握。因此，要在平時做很多的練習(xí)才能成為真正合格的同傳譯員。一般正規(guī)訓(xùn)練同傳譯員的機構(gòu)都要求受訓(xùn)者除課堂接受的訓(xùn)練外要進(jìn)行近300磁帶時(tape-hours)精聽、精練。磁帶練習(xí)的內(nèi)容要豐富多彩、題材廣泛、音調(diào)齊全，要包括中英兩種語言。最好是國際會議發(fā)言錄音或錄象。在練習(xí)時，可以把自己的翻譯錄下來，進(jìn)行分析，找出不足的地方及誤譯、漏譯的地方。任何技能的掌握都是靠平時的日積月累，靠艱苦練習(xí)。

⑥模擬會議：這一練習(xí)主要針對有組織的課堂教學(xué)。自學(xué)同傳的譯員可以自我組織幾個或更多愛好者一起來做這個練習(xí)。練習(xí)要求使用同聲傳譯設(shè)備。事先給學(xué)員布置好模擬會議題目，如：“環(huán)境保護(hù)與經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展”、“人口控制與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展”、“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的教與學(xué)”等，要求學(xué)員自己準(zhǔn)備5-10分鐘的發(fā)言兩篇（中、英各一篇），由學(xué)員自己組織會議、輪流發(fā)言、輪流翻譯。這一練習(xí)形式不但鍛煉了學(xué)員的口譯技巧，同時也使學(xué)員掌握了公眾演說技巧—口譯中另一重要的技巧

第四篇：It句型翻譯及答案（精選）

It 句型翻譯

1.難以置信，這次英語考試她竟然沒有及格。(believe)It is hard to believe he should have failed in the exam this time.2.你想得真周到，到來這么多雨傘，否則我們都要被雨淋濕了。(thoughtful)It’s thoughtful of you to bring us so many umbrellas, or we will be caught in the rain.3.你明天開始工作方面嗎？(convenient)Will it convenient to/ for you to start work tomorrow? 4.住在如此小的房子里真不方便啊！(inconvenient)How inconvenient it is to live in such a small house!5.原定于明天召開的會議有可能推遲舉行。(likely)It is likely that the meeting to be held tomorrow will be put off.= The meeting to be held tomorrow is likely to be put off.6.我認(rèn)為我們有可能會贏得這場比賽的勝利。(likely)I think it likely that we’ll win the game.7.人們普遍認(rèn)為，用腦越多，智力就越活躍。(the more …, the more …)It is generally believed that the more our brains are used, the more active our intelligence will be.8.據(jù)估計，上海20年后將在許多方面趕上像紐約這樣的國際大都市。(estimate)It is estimated that Shanghai will catch up with the international cities like New York in many ways in 20 years.9.由于大雨，看來我們只能在山頂上過夜了。(seem)It seems that we will have to stay overnight on the top of the mountain because of the heavy rain.10.你是否正確，以后可見分曉。(remain)It remains to be seen whether you are right.11.這次會上做出的決定是否可行尚待證明。(remain)It remains to be proved whether the decision made at the meeting will be practical.12.當(dāng)我下火車時，天碰巧在下雨。(happen)When I got off the train, it happened to be raining.13.病人昏倒時，旁邊碰巧沒人在。(happen)It so happened that nobody else was around when the patient fainted.14.我突然想到我們可以用計算機來做這項工作。(occur)It suddenly occurred to me that we could use a computer to do the job.15.我從沒有想到過，她，一個新手，會被授予最佳歌手。(occur)It never occurred to me / struck me that she, a green hand, was awarded the best singer of the year.16.你有沒有想到過它會反對你的建議？(occur)Did it occur to you that he should be opposed to / be objected / be against your suggestion? 17.湯姆每天花三小時做作業(yè)。(take)It takes Tom 3 hours to do his homework everyday.18.應(yīng)該是你們勇敢解決困難的時候了。(time)It is high time you solved the problems bravely.19.不該由你告訴我怎么做我的工作。(up to)It’s not up to you to tell me how to do my job.20.現(xiàn)在，電腦已使我們在家里就能以低價買到滿意的貨物。(make it possible)Computers have made it possible for us to buy satisfying goods at a low price at home.21.巨型火箭的發(fā)明使人類能登上月球。(make)The invention of the huge rocket made it possible for man to go to the moon.22.是老師的鼓勵才使這位年輕人充滿信心，不然的話，他不可能通過這次考試。(without)It was the teacher’s encouragement that helped the young man to gain confidence, without which he couldn’t have passed the exam.23.我們一直想訪問的是不是就是那家街道工廠？(it)Is it that neighborhood factory that we have been wanting to visit? 24.你到底在什么時候，在哪里遇到那位著名的教授？(it)When and where was it that you met the famous professor? 25.這是你第二次問我相同的問題了。(It)It is the second time you have asked me the same question.26.第一次到英國的時候，我不習(xí)慣那里的氣候。(the first time)The first time I went to England, I wasn’t used to the climate there.27.我第一次聽到如此美妙的音樂。(for the first time)I heard such beautiful / merry music for the first time.28.他學(xué)習(xí)油畫大約有五年了。(take up)It is about 5 years since he took up oil painting.29.我把書寄給她已有一個星期了。(It …)It is a week since I sent him the book.30.過了許多年他才知道是誰救了那位殘疾兒童。(before)It was many years before he knew who had saved that disabled child.31.不用多久時間，在這條河上就會建起一座橋。(It …)It won't be long before a bridge is built over the river.32.經(jīng)過似乎很長一段時間，他才成功地寫完那部小說。(before)It seemed to be a long time before he succeeded in finishing writing the novel.It 句型翻譯

1.難以置信，這次英語考試她竟然沒有及格。(believe)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.你想得真周到，到來這么多雨傘，否則我們都要被雨淋濕了。(thoughtful)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3.你明天開始工作方面嗎？(convenient)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 4.住在如此小的房子里真不方便啊！(inconvenient)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5.原定于明天召開的會議有可能推遲舉行。(likely)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 6.我認(rèn)為我們有可能會贏得這場比賽的勝利。(likely)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7.人們普遍認(rèn)為，用腦越多，智力就越活躍。(the more …, the more …)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 8.據(jù)估計，上海20年后將在許多方面趕上像紐約這樣的國際大都市。(estimate)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9.由于大雨，看來我們只能在山頂上過夜了。(seem)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 10.你是否正確，以后可見分曉。(remain)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 11.這次會上做出的決定是否可行尚待證明。(remain)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 12.當(dāng)我下火車時，天碰巧在下雨。(happen)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 13.病人昏倒時，旁邊碰巧沒人在。(happen)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 14.我突然想到我們可以用計算機來做這項工作。(occur)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 15.我從沒有想到過，她，一個新手，會被授予最佳歌手。(occur)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 16.你有沒有想到過它會反對你的建議？(occur)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 17.湯姆每天花三小時做作業(yè)。(take)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 18.應(yīng)該是你們勇敢解決困難的時候了。(time)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 19.不該由你告訴我怎么做我的工作。(up to)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 20.現(xiàn)在，電腦已使我們在家里就能以低價買到滿意的貨物。(make it possible)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 21.巨型火箭的發(fā)明使人類能登上月球。(make)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 22.是老師的鼓勵才使這位年輕人充滿信心，不然的話，他不可能通過這次考試。(without)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 23.我們一直想訪問的是不是就是那家街道工廠？(it)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 24.你到底在什么時候，在哪里遇到那位著名的教授？(it)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 25.這是你第二次問我相同的問題了。(It)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 26.第一次到英國的時候，我不習(xí)慣那里的氣候。(the first time)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 27.我第一次聽到如此美妙的音樂。(for the first time)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 28.他學(xué)習(xí)油畫大約有五年了。(take up)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 29.我把書寄給她已有一個星期了。(It …)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 30.過了許多年他才知道是誰救了那位殘疾兒童。(before)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 31.不用多久時間，在這條河上就會建起一座橋。(It …)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 32.經(jīng)過似乎很長一段時間，他才成功地寫完那部小說。(before)_______________________________________________________________________________________

147.Is it convenient for / to you to …? 你是否方便……?

Is it convenient for you to post this letter for me when you go out? 你出去的時候是否方便幫我寄這封信?

149.Is it possible to …?

…有可能嗎?

Is it possible to exchange the milk shake for the ice cream? 可以把奶昔換成雪糕嗎? [milkshake：奶昔] 182.It is possible /impossible to …

……是(不)可能的。

It's impossible to predict the outcome of the game.要預(yù)知比賽結(jié)果是不可能的。[outcome n.結(jié)果；成果] 153.It appears that …

看來…,/ 似乎…

It appears that great progress has been made in the IT industry.看來信息產(chǎn)業(yè)取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。154.It depends on whether …

這取決于……是否……。

It depends on whether you are determined to do it or not.這取決于你是否決心要做這件事情。

156.It doesn't matter whether /if …

如果……也沒關(guān)系。

It doesn't matter if you have made mistakes.Learn from your mistakes and you'll make progress.如果犯錯誤了也沒關(guān)系。從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)，你就會進(jìn)步。

157.It goes without saying that …

理應(yīng)如此/不言而喻。

It goes without saying that women should have equal rights and opportunities with men.女性理應(yīng)擁有和男性平等的權(quán)利和機會。

158.It makes a / no difference(to sb.)…(對某人來說)……很重要／無所謂。

It makes no difference to me whether you go or not.你去不去對我來說都無所謂。159.It occurred to me that …

……浮現(xiàn)于我的腦中。俄想起……。

It suddenly occurred to me that ' knew how to solve that problem.我突然想起我知道怎樣解決那個問題。162.It happened that …

……很偶然。

It happened that I won the football lottery last week.我上星期偶然中了足彩。

[ lottery n.彩票；獎券] 163.It helps if …

如果……的話，將會(對某人)有幫助／好處。

It helps if you can conquer your shyness and yell out English crazily.如果你能夠克服你的羞澀，瘋狂大喊英語，將會對你有好處。164.It’s amazing(that)…

……很了不起。

It's amazing(that)China became the third country that launched a manned spacecraft.中國成為第三個發(fā)送載人航天飛機的國家，真是很了不起。165.It is/was … that/who …

[強調(diào)句句型] It was Edward who told me about it.告訴我這件事的是愛德華。168.It is believed that …

…人們認(rèn)為……。

It is believed that what she said is true.大家相信她的話是真的。

169.It didn't /won't take long before … 沒多久壞需要多久……就……。

It didn't take long before he got used to life abroad.沒多久他就適應(yīng)了國外的生活。170.It is easier to … than to …

．．．比．．．．．容易。

It is easier to buy a car than to keep one.買車容易養(yǎng)車難。172.It is essential that …

有必要……。

[主語從句使用虛擬語氣] It is essential that effective measures be taken to protect our civil rights.有必要采取有效的措施來保障我們的公民權(quán)利。173.It is good manners to do …

……是有禮貌的表現(xiàn)。

It is good manners to bring along a small gift or some flowers when you are invited to dinner by a foreign friend.如果外國友人邀請你共進(jìn)晚餐，去的時候帶上一份小禮物或者鮮花是有禮貌的表現(xiàn)。174.It is high time …

現(xiàn)在是…的時候了。／早就應(yīng)該…了。

[從句使用虛擬語氣] It is high time we stopped talking about this silly question.我們早就該結(jié)束討論這個愚蠢的問題了。175.It is hoped that …

希望……。

It is hoped that no one was seriously injured in the car crash.希望在這場車禍中沒有人受重傷。177.It's long been my dream to …

……一直是我的夢想。

It's long been my dream to make a speech in English.用英語發(fā)表演講一直是我的夢想。178.It is(very /not)likely that …

(很／沒)有可能……。

It is likely that it will rain this afternoon.今天下午很有可能下雨。179.It is(not)necessary to …

……是(沒)有必要的。

It is necessary to look before you leap.我覺得三思而后行是有必要的。180.It is no use doing sth.做某事是毫無用處的。

It is no use talking without doing.光說不做是沒有用的。1 83.It is dangerous to …

．．．危險。

It is dangerous to explore the jungle with so many wild animals around.在很多野獸出沒的叢林里探險是危險的。184.It is(rather)common to do …

……(相當(dāng))普遍。

It is rather common for women to hold important positions in companies now.如今女性在公司擔(dān)任重要職位相當(dāng)普遍。185.It is reported that …

據(jù)說……。／據(jù)報導(dǎo)……。

It is reported that the world famous football star will come to China next year.據(jù)說那位聞名世界的足球明星明年要來中國。186.lt is required that …

要求……。

[主語從句使用虛擬語氣] It is required that every student(should)attend the meeting this afternoon.要求每個學(xué)生都參加下午的大會。187.It is said that …

據(jù)說……。

It is said that Liu Xiang will come to our city soon.據(jù)說劉翔不久將來我市。188.It is thought that …

人們認(rèn)為……。

It is thought that man's ability to learn languages makes him different from the animals.人們認(rèn)為人類的語言學(xué)習(xí)能力使其區(qū)別于動物。189.It is(not)true that …

……(不)是真的。/ 確實，…

It is true that city life is much more exciting than country life.，城市生活比鄉(xiāng)村生活更令人興奮。190.It is(very)difficult to …

……(非常)困難。

It is very difficult to foresee what the world will be like in the future.很難預(yù)測將來的世界會怎樣。

[ foretell v.預(yù)言；預(yù)測] 191.It’s really a challenge for me to … ……對我來說確實是一個挑戰(zhàn)。

It's really a challenge for me to take this job, and I thin I will appreciate working with you.做這份工作對我來說確實是一個挑戰(zhàn)，我想我會很高興和你們一起工作的。194.It seems / seemed that …

好像……。似乎……。

It seemed that no one knew what had happened.似乎無人知道發(fā)生了什么事。195.It sounds like …

聽起來好像……。

It sounds like a good idea.聽起來這主意不錯。

196.It takes / took / will take sb.some time / money to do sth．

某人花／花了／將花多長時間／多少錢做某事

It took me years of hard work to speak good English.為了講一口流利的英語，我花了多年時間刻苦操練.197.It wasn't until … that …

直到……才……。

It wasn't until yesterday that I got your letter.我直到昨天才收到你的來信。

第五篇：英語句型翻譯

一、A + a 結(jié)構(gòu)

這種結(jié)構(gòu)通常是指一個大句子后面帶有一個小結(jié)構(gòu)，翻譯方法通常可以將前者翻譯成中心句，后面翻譯成同位語，介詞短語或是分詞和定語從句。

例1：現(xiàn)在我們有16個系，下設(shè)39個專業(yè)。

There are 16 departments with 39 specialties in our school.(后面翻譯成with的介詞結(jié)構(gòu)，這種形式是最常見的方法。)

例2：北京有10個區(qū)9個縣，總面積1萬6千800平方公里。

There are 10 districts and 9 counties in Beijing with an area of 16 thousand 8 hundred square kilometers.(方法和上句一樣。)

例3：中國在2000年悉尼奧運會上，獲得28枚金牌，在獎牌榜上名列第三。

China won 28 gold medals at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Game, ranking the 3rd on the medal tally.(這句是將后面的句子翻譯成分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。)

二、A + a1 + a2 結(jié)構(gòu)

這種結(jié)構(gòu)通常是指在主句后面同時出現(xiàn)了兩個小句子，翻譯的方法通常是將后兩者同時變化成定語從句或是同位語的結(jié)構(gòu)，還可以把其中兩個變成介詞或是同位語結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)十分常見。

例1：在過去的1年里，中國貫徹擴大內(nèi)需的方針，經(jīng)濟得到穩(wěn)步發(fā)展，人民生活水平得到顯著提高。

Last year, China implemented the policy of enlarging domestic demands, which led to stable economic development and significant improvement of people’s life.(這種方法就是把后面兩句全部變成定語從句，a1和a2同時形成并列結(jié)構(gòu)。)

例2：黃河流經(jīng)中國的9個省和自治區(qū)，全長5464公里，流域面積75萬2443平方公里。

The Yellow River runs 5464 kms across 9 provinces and autonomous regions with drainage area of 752,443 square kms.(這句就是把最前句和最后句變成介詞結(jié)構(gòu)，中間變成謂語結(jié)構(gòu)。)

三、A + a + B 結(jié)構(gòu)

這種結(jié)構(gòu)和A + a1 + a2非常類似，我們在翻譯的時候就是要區(qū)分第三個句子究竟能不能和前一個句子連在一起，也就是說最后一個句子和前者有沒有密切的關(guān)系，當(dāng)然在有些情況下，這兩個句子結(jié)構(gòu)區(qū)分起來比較復(fù)雜，也比較難以區(qū)分。

例1：現(xiàn)在只有5個國家的婦女收入占男性收入的80%以上，而中國婦女的收入相當(dāng)于男性收入的80.4%。

Now, there are only 5 countries where women’s salaries make up 80% of men’s, while the income of the Chinese women equals to 80.4% that of man’s.(這句話把含有80%的這個小句子翻譯成了前者的從句，而后面的一個句子又重新起了一句，很顯然前兩個句子和第三個句子沒有什么邏輯關(guān)系。)

例2：據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的報告顯示，到2020 年，世界老人將超過10億，其中7億生活在發(fā)展中國家。目前，全世界60歲以上的老人大約有5.8億。

According to a report of WHO, by 2020 it is estimated that the population of senior citizens will increase to 1 billion, including 700 million live in the less developed countries.There are 580 million people more than 60 years old all over the world at present.(這句話則比上一句更具有特點，很顯然，我們應(yīng)該把“其中”這樣的句子歸類為前者，后面再重新起一句，前者形成分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。)

四、A + B + b 結(jié)構(gòu)

這種結(jié)構(gòu)和A + a1 + a2也非常類似，我們在翻譯的時候就是要區(qū)分第二個句子究竟能不能和前一個句子連在一起，也就是說第二個句子和前者有沒有密切的關(guān)系，當(dāng)然在有些情況下，這兩個句子結(jié)構(gòu)區(qū)分起來比較復(fù)雜，很難區(qū)分。

例1：1990年，只有32%的3歲到6歲的兒童進(jìn)入幼兒園，但是到1998年年底中國已經(jīng)有18萬幼兒園，接收了2400萬兒童。

In 1990, only 32% of children from 3 years old to 6 years old entered kindergartens, but by the end of 1998 there were kindergartens with 24 million children in China.(很顯然前面說的一件事情，后面說的兩件事情具有邏輯關(guān)系，所以我們把后面兩句放在一起翻譯，并且形成with的介詞結(jié)構(gòu)。)

例2：我國于1999年10月已進(jìn)入人口老齡化國家的行列，我們80歲以上的老人已達(dá)1100萬，并以年均5%的速度增長。

China has become an aged society since October 1999.The number of the aged people over 80 years old reached 11 million with an average annual growth rate of 5%.(這句話的翻譯方法和上句同樣，第三個句子形成with的介詞結(jié)構(gòu)。)

五、A + a1 + a2 + a3 結(jié)構(gòu)

這種結(jié)構(gòu)實際上就是以上幾種結(jié)構(gòu)的延伸，這樣的延續(xù)可能多個，而不止三個，其實方法都是一樣，就是將后三者變成并列層次，要么是定語從句，要么是同位語，要么是介詞結(jié)構(gòu)。

例1：奧林匹克公園占地1215公頃，其中包括760公頃的森林綠地，50公頃的國際展覽體育中心以及405公頃的中華民族園。

The Olympic Games Park covers an area of 1215 hectares, including 760 hectares woods and grassland, 50 hectares International Exhibition Sports Center and 405 hectares Chinese Ethnic Park./The Olympic Park covering 1215 hectares includes 760-hectare woods and grassland, 50-hectare International Exhibition Sports Center and 405-hectare Chinese Ethnic Park.(這句話提供了兩種翻譯版本，前者是將后三者變成介詞短語，第二種把后三者直接變成了表語，總之就是要體現(xiàn)出A句和后幾句的差異和關(guān)系。)

例2：在奧林匹克公園主建筑區(qū)內(nèi)將建成容納8萬人的主體育場、2個大型綜合體育館、運動員村和國際展覽體育中心。

In the main building area of the Olympic Games Park, a main stadium which accommodates 80 thousand people, 2 large sports complexes, the athletes’ village and the International Exhibition Sports Center are now under construction.(這句用的方法還是把后面的四者都變成了主語，和“奧林匹克公園主建筑區(qū)”這句形成結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異。)

六、A + a + B + b 結(jié)構(gòu)

這種結(jié)構(gòu)就是把兩個A + a結(jié)構(gòu)放在一起，其實方法和第一種很像，但是要形成兩個主句和兩個從屬成分。

例1：2000年，全國共有普通高中14600所，在校生1201萬人，職業(yè)中學(xué)2萬所，在校學(xué)生1295萬人。

In 2000, there were 14.6 thousand regular senior high schools in China with 12.01 million students at school and 20 thousand vocational schools with 12.95 million students at

school.(這句的翻譯方法就是用A + with + and + B + with的機構(gòu)，這種方法出現(xiàn)的頻率是最高的。)

例2：2000年，全國有婦幼保健院609個，醫(yī)務(wù)工作者7.2萬人，婦幼保健所、站2598個。基層醫(yī)務(wù)工作者7.5萬人。

In 2000, there were 609 women and children health centers with 72 thousand health and medical workers and 2598 local women and children health centers with 75 grass root health and medical workers.(這句的翻譯方法和上句同樣。)

例3：我國于1999年10月已進(jìn)入人口老齡化國家的行列，并以年均3%的速度持續(xù)增長，我 們80歲以上的老人已達(dá)1100萬，并以年均5%的速度增長。

China has become an aged society since October 1999 with an average annual growth rate of 3%.The number of the aged people over 80 years old reached 11 million with an average annual growth rate of 5%.(這句話說明了兩個事實，所以在翻譯的時候，我們可以分割成兩個A + a結(jié)構(gòu)來進(jìn)行翻譯。)

七、A + B + C 結(jié)構(gòu)

這種結(jié)構(gòu)就是把三個不相關(guān)的句子放在一起，那么在翻譯的時候我們要注意逐句翻譯。而且還要注意看看句子中是否存在有小結(jié)構(gòu)，就是A的下部分有沒有a1或是a2等結(jié)構(gòu)。

例1：根據(jù)第五次全國人口普查，全國共有12億9335萬人，其中祖國大陸包括31個省，自治區(qū)和直轄市，不包括福建省金門，馬祖島和現(xiàn)役軍人12億6580萬人，香港特別行政區(qū)678萬人，澳門特別行政區(qū)44萬，臺灣包括金門，馬祖島共計2228萬人。

According to the 5th population census, there were 1 billion 293 million 350 thousand people in China, including the total number/ population of 31 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities excluding Jinmen and Mazu islands in Fujian province and of servicemen of China’s mainland was 1 billion 265 million 830 thousand.The population of Hong Kong SAR was 6 million 780 thousand and that of Macao was 440 thousand as well as that of Taiwan Jinmen and Mazu Islands was 22 million 280 thousand.(這句話總共闡述了三個事實，一個是人數(shù)有多少，然后是除了某些地區(qū)有多少人，這個部分包括了兩個小部分，第三個部分包括了三個地區(qū)的人口數(shù)量，所以這個句子在翻譯的時候首先要分成三個句子，然后再處理三個句子里面的成分，看看是否能夠形成連帶結(jié)構(gòu)。)

八、A + 倒 A 結(jié)構(gòu)

這種結(jié)構(gòu)就是指前后說的是同一件事情，但是所表達(dá)的對象是不一樣的。

例1：我很喜歡游泳，你也很喜歡游泳。

I like swimming.So do you.(這個句子就是有兩個不同的說話人，但是說的是同樣一件事情，所以可歸類為后面是前者的“倒”著表達(dá)的形式。這種句子翻譯的方法就是用so或是否定句中用either。)

例2：2008年，上海的老年人口已經(jīng)達(dá)到了400萬，同樣北京于同年也達(dá)到了400萬。

In 2008, the population of senior citizens in Shanghai was 4 million.So was Beijing.(這句翻譯的方法雷同于上句。)

九、A + —A 結(jié)構(gòu)這種結(jié)構(gòu)指的是前者說的事情和后者的事情剛好相反來說。例1：我很喜歡你，你也很喜歡我。I like you, and vice versa.(這句話很顯然就是前者和后者剛好掉個位置，但是說的同一件事情，翻譯的方法就是用vice versa。)

例2：美國人民喜歡******主席，******主席也很喜歡美國人民。

The American people like President Jiangzemin, and vice versa.十、考察完全的名詞結(jié)構(gòu)

這種結(jié)構(gòu)一般沒有很多的數(shù)字，但是名詞很多，平時要注意積累詞匯，當(dāng)然更難的則是將詞匯和數(shù)字結(jié)合在一起。

例1：20世紀(jì)90年代，我國人口文化素質(zhì)提高速度之快，是建國以來少有的。這一變化趨勢反映了10來我國落實掃除青少年文盲，普及9年義務(wù)教育和大力發(fā)展高等教育等措施所取得的成果。

Our people’s education level has increased sharply since 1990s.This tendency reflected

our achievements through eliminating illiterates among the young and the middle aged, universalizing the 9-year compulsory education and developing higher education in the past 10 years.(這個句子當(dāng)中就沒有很多的數(shù)字，但是名詞特別多，包括青少年文盲、九年義務(wù)教育和高等教育等等詞。)

例2：近年來，中央政府給西藏的財政補貼每年都達(dá)12億元以上，總投資46億元的62項援藏工程以及中央國家機關(guān)有關(guān)部委和15個對口支援省、市投資的32億元援建的716項工程已全部竣工并投入使用。

In recent years, the annual financial subsidy from the central government to Tibet reached 1.2 billion yuan.The 62 aid-Tibet projects with a total investment of 4.6 billion and 716 projects with an investment of 3.2 billion from ministries, commissions, central government institutions and other 15 provinces and cities had been finished and put into operation.(這個句子不但有很多很大的數(shù)字，而且還有像財政補貼、有關(guān)部委、對口支援和竣工等詞，所以這種句子有很大難度，首先要解決數(shù)字問題，再解決詞匯問題。)