第一篇：嬰兒游戲訓(xùn)練(免積分)

嬰兒游戲訓(xùn)練(免積分).txt27信念的力量在于即使身處逆境，亦能幫助你鼓起前進(jìn)的船帆；信念的魅力在于即使遇到險(xiǎn)運(yùn)，亦能召喚你鼓起生活的勇氣；信念的偉大在于即使遭遇不幸，亦能促使你保持崇高的心靈。俯臥抬頭編輯本段回目錄 親子互動(dòng)：將嬰兒面對面抱在胸前，爸爸或媽媽慢慢斜靠或平躺在床上，此時(shí)嬰兒自然俯臥在爸爸或媽媽胸前。扶嬰兒的頭至正中位，兩手輕放在嬰兒頭兩側(cè)，利用說話或唱歌引逗嬰兒短時(shí)間抬頭，反復(fù)做幾次。

目的

1、訓(xùn)練嬰兒頭頸的控制能力。

2、增進(jìn)嬰兒和父母的親密感和依附感。

轉(zhuǎn)頭看編輯本段回目錄 親子互動(dòng)：讓嬰兒仰臥在床上，爸爸或媽媽手拿色彩鮮艷的撥浪鼓等響鈴?fù)婢撸仍趮雰呵懊鎿u響玩具以吸引嬰兒注意，然后拿著響鈴慢慢由左向右移動(dòng)，引導(dǎo)嬰兒的頭跟隨眼前移動(dòng)的玩具而移動(dòng)。在游戲同時(shí)，如果爸爸媽媽同時(shí)與嬰兒“說說話”，也可吸引嬰兒注意到玩具，并增進(jìn)親子感情。

目的

1、訓(xùn)練嬰兒頭頸的控制能力。

2、促進(jìn)嬰兒視力發(fā)展。

聽小鼓編輯本段回目錄 親子互動(dòng)：嬰兒仰臥在床上，或者抱著嬰兒，爸爸或媽媽用手搖動(dòng)撥浪鼓，發(fā)出輕重不同、節(jié)奏不同的聲響。然后換不同的方向，再次搖動(dòng)撥浪鼓，觀察嬰兒的表情和反應(yīng)，是否會(huì)尋找發(fā)聲源。

目的：練習(xí)聽覺和感受節(jié)奏。

被動(dòng)健身操編輯本段回目錄 親子互動(dòng)：嬰兒仰臥在床上，媽媽雙手放在嬰兒胳膊上，從上至下，輕輕地捋嬰兒的胳膊，兩個(gè)節(jié)拍后，用同樣的方法捋嬰兒的腿部。也可以拉住嬰兒的兩只手（腳），交替做伸直和屈曲的動(dòng)作，練習(xí)時(shí)可伴有兒歌或音樂，如“一二，伸伸手（腿），三四，彎彎手（腿）”。

目的

1、增加肢體的活動(dòng)度。

2、促進(jìn)嬰兒對身體的自我感知。

和嬰兒“對話”編輯本段回目錄 親子互動(dòng)：為嬰兒換尿布、喂奶時(shí)，要和嬰兒說話，并對嬰兒微笑，引逗嬰兒微笑或說話。比如說“寶寶，笑一個(gè)”，然后親親嬰兒，反復(fù)練習(xí)，直到嬰兒看到媽媽微笑，也跟著微笑，逐步到可以逗笑出聲。當(dāng)嬰兒嘴里發(fā)出各種聲音是，媽媽要用同樣的聲音回應(yīng)嬰兒，和嬰兒“對話”。

目的

1、訓(xùn)練嬰兒語言能力。

2、能對父母的引逗給予回應(yīng)。

親子撫摸編輯本段回目錄 親子期望 訓(xùn)練嬰兒觸覺 樹立親子依戀和親密

親子互動(dòng)

讓嬰兒躺在床上或把嬰兒抱在懷里，媽媽輕輕的、有韻律的撫摸嬰兒，從額頭到臉部、從頭部到腳部，到四肢。每個(gè)部位撫摸20秒左右，撫摸的動(dòng)作要輕柔緩慢，在媽媽充滿愛意的撫摸下，嬰兒的呼吸會(huì)變得深而沉穩(wěn)。

俯臥抬頭挺胸編輯本段回目錄 親子期望 練習(xí)抬頭挺身

親子互動(dòng)

第一步：將嬰兒面對面抱在胸前，爸爸或媽媽慢慢斜靠或平躺在床上，此時(shí)嬰兒自然俯臥在爸爸或媽媽胸前。

第二步：兩手輕放在嬰兒頭兩側(cè)，利用說話或唱歌引逗嬰兒短時(shí)間抬頭，練習(xí)抬頭。第三步：爸爸或媽媽用雙手從嬰兒的胸部輕輕將他托起，使他/她的身體短時(shí)間離開床面。

第四步：嬰兒仰臥，爸爸或媽媽用雙手輕輕地將嬰兒的腰部托起，使其身體挺直，挺身時(shí)，注意不要讓嬰兒的頭離開床，以免出現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)。

被動(dòng)健身操編輯本段回目錄 親子期望 活動(dòng)四肢 提高嬰兒對身體的自我感知

親子互動(dòng)

兩臂交叉 嬰兒仰臥，爸爸或媽媽雙手四指分別握住嬰兒手腕，嬰兒握住爸爸或媽媽的拇指；將嬰兒兩臂左右分開，再將其兩臂在胸前交叉，重復(fù)兩個(gè)八節(jié)拍。

上肢屈伸運(yùn)動(dòng) 嬰兒仰臥，爸爸或媽媽雙手四指分別握住嬰兒手腕，嬰兒握住爸爸或媽媽的拇指；將嬰兒左臂肘關(guān)節(jié)屈伸，伸直還原；將嬰兒右臂肘關(guān)節(jié)屈伸，伸直還原；左右臂輪流做，重復(fù)兩個(gè)八節(jié)拍。

下肢屈伸運(yùn)動(dòng) 嬰兒仰臥，兩腿伸直，爸爸或媽媽兩手握住嬰兒腳踝；先將嬰兒左膝關(guān)節(jié)屈曲，貼近腹部，伸直還原；兩腿輪流做，重復(fù)兩個(gè)八節(jié)拍。

兩腿伸直上舉 嬰兒仰臥，兩腿伸直，爸爸或媽媽兩手握住寶寶腳踝；將嬰兒的兩腿伸直，上舉，與腹部呈90度角，臀部不離開床面；還原成仰臥姿勢；重復(fù)做兩個(gè)八節(jié)拍。小鼓在哪里編輯本段回目錄 親子期望 視聽協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展

親子互動(dòng) 嬰兒仰臥在床上，或者抱著嬰兒，爸爸或媽媽用手搖動(dòng)一個(gè)色彩鮮艷的撥浪鼓，發(fā)出輕重不同，節(jié)奏不同的聲響。開始先在嬰兒的前方搖動(dòng)，引起嬰兒注意，然后慢慢由左向右移動(dòng)，觀察嬰兒是否跟隨玩具的移動(dòng)而移動(dòng)，再在嬰兒左后方搖動(dòng)，問嬰兒“小鼓在哪里呀”，然后改在嬰兒右后方搖動(dòng)，再問“小鼓在哪里呀”。也可以躲在嬰兒背后叫嬰兒的名字，吸引嬰兒循著聲音去尋找發(fā)聲源。

和嬰兒“對話”編輯本段回目錄 親子期望 語音感知能力

親子互動(dòng) 嬰兒仰臥在床上，爸爸或媽媽從不同方向發(fā)出各種聲音，如搖撥浪鼓、拍手、模仿小貓“喵喵”等，逗引嬰兒，觀察嬰兒對各種音響的反應(yīng)。給嬰兒穿衣、喂奶、洗澡時(shí)，以親切溫柔的口吻結(jié)合正在做的動(dòng)作給嬰兒“對話”，如“寶寶睡醒了啊，那穿衣服嘍”、“吃奶了”和“洗一洗，真干凈”之類。同時(shí)當(dāng)嬰兒嘴里發(fā)出各種聲音時(shí)，媽媽要用同樣的聲音回應(yīng)嬰兒，和嬰兒“對話”

親子游戲的注意事項(xiàng)編輯本段回目錄 1.遵循嬰兒發(fā)育規(guī)律 親子游戲的活動(dòng)內(nèi)容要遵循嬰幼兒的發(fā)育規(guī)律，過高或過低的要求都不利于小兒智力的發(fā)展。3個(gè)月的嬰兒，可以訓(xùn)練抬頭、轉(zhuǎn)頭等簡單動(dòng)作，但獨(dú)立坐、爬行則需要在6個(gè)月之后才可以進(jìn)行。

2.因材施教 親子游戲的活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目要因人而異、因材施教。有的游戲有適合的年齡范圍，而有的游戲在比較長的時(shí)期內(nèi)都有訓(xùn)練的價(jià)值。由于各個(gè)嬰兒的發(fā)育水平有差別，這就需要父母根據(jù)自己寶寶的特點(diǎn)，在專家的指導(dǎo)下靈活掌握與運(yùn)用。

3.溫故知新 嬰幼兒的訓(xùn)練需要經(jīng)常重復(fù)，就像吃飯睡覺一樣，只有堅(jiān)持，才能起到強(qiáng)化和培養(yǎng)作用。

4.及時(shí)添加新內(nèi)容 及時(shí)在游戲中增添新的內(nèi)容，不斷擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面，促進(jìn)嬰兒智力發(fā)展。游戲的種類、花樣很多，父母可以根據(jù)自己的條件設(shè)計(jì)，使游戲更為切實(shí)可行、有趣有益。5.時(shí)間適宜 嬰幼兒處于發(fā)育階段，精力有限，訓(xùn)練時(shí)間過長容易疲勞，收效不好。一般情況下，新生兒一次訓(xùn)練10分鐘為宜，以后逐漸增加時(shí)間，嬰幼兒期一次可訓(xùn)練20-30分鐘。親子游戲活動(dòng)一般在喂奶后45分鐘后進(jìn)行，這時(shí)候嬰兒精神飽滿，興趣較高，愿意配合大人游戲。剛吃完奶就活動(dòng)容易引起吐奶，饑餓時(shí)的親子活動(dòng)，嬰兒不愿意配合。

6.給予鼓勵(lì) 為了增強(qiáng)嬰兒對游戲的興趣，提高學(xué)習(xí)信心，在游戲過程中，父母要不時(shí)地給予嬰兒肯定、鼓勵(lì)和表揚(yáng)，如親親或抱抱嬰兒，用語言、獎(jiǎng)品給予表揚(yáng)。

和寶寶一起做的幾個(gè)游戲發(fā)表評(píng)論(0)編輯經(jīng)驗(yàn) 寶寶的成長中，家長要注重經(jīng)常和寶寶一起做游戲，用游戲來開發(fā)寶寶的智力是非常重要的。下面我來向大家介紹幾個(gè)非常簡單，而且比容易和寶寶一起互動(dòng)的游戲，希望能給媽媽們帶來一點(diǎn)啟發(fā)：

1、手指游戲

（1）一個(gè)指頭按電鈕，兩個(gè)指頭撿豆豆，三個(gè)指頭解扣扣，四個(gè)指頭提網(wǎng)兜，五個(gè)指頭握在起，攥個(gè)拳頭有勁頭。大人念到哪個(gè)手指，讓孩子伸出哪個(gè)手指。

（2）大拇指，二拇指，三姐姐，四小弟，五小妹妹，愛看戲。

2、世界真奇妙

在公園里讓寶寶看看紅色的花，綠色的草，藍(lán)色的天，看小汽車，聽聽自行車鈴聲。讓寶寶感受大自然的美麗和新奇。

3、藏貓兒

孩子在地毯上玩，大人坐在沙發(fā)上看報(bào)，媽媽說：“寶寶在哪兒？”然后人左邊探頭來說：“在這呢！”過一會(huì)再從右邊探出來。

4、交際啟蒙

將寶寶摟在懷里，與他對視，用手指輕輕觸碰寶寶臉部。眼睛眨一眨，鼻子聞一聞，下巴點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)，脖子扭一扭，肚皮癢一癢。

5、玩水

將孩子放在浴盆中，給他一人充氣鴨子。孩子會(huì)在水中拍打嬉戲，大人一邊跟他玩一邊念兒歌：肥皂肥皂像塊糕糕，輕輕擦擦變成泡泡。

6、指鼻子

拍手掌，看我摸，我不摸呀你別摸，我摸耳朵你也摸耳朵，我摸鼻子你也摸鼻子，我摸眼睛你也摸眼睛，我摸腦殼你也摸腦殼。

7、小手在哪里

輕輕拉著寶寶的小手，說：“小手在哪里？”然后可以摸一摸，親一親。如此反復(fù)幾次。就可以問寶福：“小手在哪里，伸出來親親。”

8、拉過來

讓孩子坐在桌旁，把一件玩具放在他夠不著的地方讓他拿。見他拿不到，就用一根布條系在玩具上，把布條的一端交到孩子的手里讓他拉。

最后希望天下每個(gè)寶寶都能健康茁壯成長，聰明可愛。

0～6個(gè)月的早教以游戲?yàn)橹鳎屝殞氃谟螒蛑蝎@得悉識(shí)、積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)、養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣。

1，新生兒

心靈發(fā)展特點(diǎn)：剛剛從溫暖而黑暗的子宮里來到光明的人間，小家伙似乎還不是十分習(xí)慣——小寶寶沒有時(shí)間概念，以整天的睡眠來緩解初到人間的不適應(yīng)；小寶寶喜歡蜷曲著身體，被嬌柔地?fù)肀В⑶液芟矚g聽媽媽熟習(xí)的心跳聲，這給小寶寶一種似乎還在子宮里的安全感和舒適感。

2，1個(gè)月

心靈發(fā)展特點(diǎn)：在光線微暗的房間里被豎直抱起來會(huì)睜開眼睛；喜歡看人臉，尤其是吃飯后看媽媽慈愛的笑容；喜歡被抱起來與其談話，逗笑；喜歡聽媽媽的心跳聲或心跳錄音；對甜、酸、苦常用微笑、皺鼻、伸舌或掙扎表示歡迎、討厭、拒絕；對及時(shí)、反復(fù)的視聽刺激有初步的記憶能力。

早教游戲：

·豎抱觀景物 ·交談 ·抓握聽音 ·口嘴游戲 ·發(fā)聲應(yīng)和 ·逗笑 ·被動(dòng)操 ·嗅覺和味覺開發(fā)

3，2個(gè)月

心靈發(fā)展特點(diǎn)：喜歡聽聲音；喜歡看自己的手；會(huì)抬頭、眼睛能跟蹤物體移動(dòng)；喜歡笑，也喜歡看別人笑；對外界的好奇心不斷滋長；開始咿呀發(fā)音說個(gè)不停。

早教游戲：

·選畫 ·蹬踢彩球 ·側(cè)臥 ·俯臥抬頭 ·用勺喂食 ·觸體感受

4，3個(gè)月

心靈發(fā)展特點(diǎn)：喜歡搖晃、注視自己的手；喜歡用手觸摸拍打玩具；喜歡用嘴探索物體；喜歡聽自己的聲音；喜歡與父母“談話”；顯示對常常照料自己的人偏愛。

早教游戲：

·拍打吊球 ·用肘臥撐 ·單肢遙控 ·坐抱 ·翻身90度 ·元音答話 ·見人就笑 ·區(qū)分爸爸

5，4個(gè)月

心靈發(fā)展特點(diǎn)：寶貝當(dāng)有人胳肢或高興時(shí)，喜歡大聲笑；喜歡自言自語，咿呀不停；喜歡聽音樂、兒歌和被呼喚名字；喜歡主動(dòng)打拍，抓取眼前的玩具；喜歡向親人，尤其是媽媽伸手要抱；充滿好奇心，對周圍各種物品都感興趣。

早教游戲：

·注視小物體 ·追滾球 ·表示情感 ·拉坐 ·蕩毛巾秋千 ·學(xué)坐 ·豐富觸覺 ·練習(xí)側(cè)翻身 ·學(xué)會(huì)舔食

6，5個(gè)月

心靈發(fā)展特點(diǎn)：喜歡捉迷藏；喜歡觸摸、搖晃、敲打身邊的東西；趴著抬頭挺胸環(huán)顧四周；翻身、扶起坐立；咬放在嘴里的東西；望著鏡中的人笑；找鈴鐺，看電視。

早教游戲：

·辨識(shí)物品 ·單手握物 ·手足戲球 ·學(xué)練180度翻身 ·藏貓貓，找媽媽

7，6個(gè)月

心靈發(fā)展特點(diǎn)：喜歡翻身；嘴里愛含著勺子；向熟習(xí)的人微笑；掉、扔、摔東西；捕捉并拍打鏡中人；到外邊玩；聽到“媽媽”會(huì)朝母親看；開始認(rèn)生，會(huì)發(fā)脾氣；學(xué)指物，認(rèn)五官。

早教游戲：

·握物、對敲和傳手 ·騎馬唱歌 ·鏡前游戲 ·咀嚼餅干促長牙

第二篇：0-8個(gè)月嬰兒語言能力培養(yǎng)與訓(xùn)練方法(免積分)

0-8個(gè)月嬰兒語言能力培養(yǎng)與訓(xùn)練方法(免積分).txt年輕的時(shí)候拍下許多照片，擺在客廳給別人看;等到老了，才明白照片事拍給自己看的。當(dāng)大部分的人都在關(guān)注你飛得高不高時(shí)，只有少部分人關(guān)心你飛得累不累，這就是友情！嬰兒從出生到8個(gè)月處在“語言感受”的階段，在這個(gè)時(shí)期嬰兒還不會(huì)與成人對話，又幾乎不理解成人的語言，但他正在進(jìn)行著兩個(gè)方面的準(zhǔn)備，一方面自發(fā)地發(fā)出一些聲音，進(jìn)行“自我訓(xùn)練發(fā)音”；另一方面無時(shí)無刻都在感受成人的語言。隨著月齡的增加，嬰兒通過成人的語音，并結(jié)合成人的動(dòng)作、表情和擺弄的物品，逐步從“語言感受”階段向“語言理解”階段過渡。

方法一 與寶寶親切交談

首先要把寶寶看成一個(gè)能聽得懂話的孩子，隨時(shí)與他親切交談，使他充分感受語言信息，如“哦！寶寶醒了，媽媽來了。” “寶寶，望著媽媽笑一笑。” “寶寶，吃飽了嗎？” “寶寶別著急，媽媽馬上就來了！”等等。這種“對牛彈琴”的方法絕對必要。

方法二 逗寶寶發(fā)出笑聲

寶寶一般在滿月后就會(huì)笑了，從這個(gè)時(shí)候開始要經(jīng)常逗寶寶發(fā)笑，盡量使寶寶笑出聲音，這是激活寶寶語言的前期準(zhǔn)備，同時(shí)也是促進(jìn)他發(fā)音器官成熟的有效手段。如撓癢寶寶的身體和手腳，向?qū)殞毎缧δ槨⒋悼谏凇u鈴鼓、躲迷藏等等，逗他發(fā)出笑聲。

方法三 附和寶寶的發(fā)音

寶寶在三、四個(gè)月時(shí)，會(huì)自然地發(fā)出一些原始音，這是他以后學(xué)會(huì)語言表達(dá)的前期“語言”，大人要十分重視寶寶的這種“語言”。如寶寶自發(fā)地發(fā)出“媽”這個(gè)音，大人就附和著連續(xù)發(fā)“媽、媽、媽?”的音，還可以將“媽”音轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤鞍l(fā)、發(fā)、發(fā)?”的音對著寶寶說。當(dāng)然也可以主動(dòng)對著寶寶發(fā)各種單音或雙音，讓他模仿。

方法四 對寶寶說一點(diǎn)“兒語”

所謂的“兒語”是指由兩個(gè)重合的單字音所組成的象聲詞語或不規(guī)范詞語，如把“小狗”說成“汪汪”，“小貓”說成“喵喵”，“汽車”說成“嘀嘀”，“米飯”說成“飯飯”，“豬肉”說成“嘎嘎”，“魚”說成“魚魚”等等。在寶寶五、六個(gè)月時(shí)，成人可以指著相應(yīng)的東西說一些“兒語”給寶寶聽，如看見了一條狗，就說“汪汪”或“狗狗”，喂稀飯時(shí)就說“飯飯”等。這樣做主要是一方面將語言伴隨著行為，讓寶寶理解大人的語言，另一方面便于寶寶模仿語言，促進(jìn)他早一點(diǎn)說話。但要注意的是當(dāng)寶寶會(huì)說話以后，就不要再教“兒語”了，要教規(guī)范詞語。

方法五 適當(dāng)讓寶寶看一點(diǎn)動(dòng)畫片

從五個(gè)月開始，讓寶寶適當(dāng)看一點(diǎn)動(dòng)畫片，這也促進(jìn)寶寶語言發(fā)展的一種方法。這個(gè)月齡段的寶寶，其視覺已經(jīng)發(fā)育較好了，能夠看到兩、三來以外的事物，而且特別喜歡看活動(dòng)的畫面。因此，讓寶寶每天看兩、三次，每次看幾分鐘的動(dòng)畫片，對寶寶的語言發(fā)展是有幫助的。但要注意離電視機(jī)遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)，最好在三米以上。

第三篇：高二過去分詞習(xí)題免積分

過去分詞專練

過去分詞做定語、表語專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1.Most of the artists _____ to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited 2.The computer center, _____last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened 3.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _____ by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay 4.—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?

—The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand _____ by the customers.A.to solving;making

B.to solving;made C.to solve;making D.to solve;made 5.Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge.A.being known B.having been known

C.to be known D.known 6 _______ English is different from ______ English in many ways.A.Spoken;written

B.Speaking;written

C.Spoken;writing D.Speak;write 7 The woman ________ there under the tree, _______ in a blue shirt, is our headmaster.A.sitting;wearing B.sitting;dressed

C.seating;dressed D.seated;dressing 8 Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing Mining Company, _____ as 3M.A.knowing.B.known.C.being known.D.to be known 9 The _____ dishes lay on the floor.A breaking.B.broken.C.broke.D.break 10 the ship,______ by a huge piece of iceberg, cam to a sudden stop.A.hitting.B.hit.C.hitted.D.to hit.11 Sandy, hurry up.I’m afraid you won’t have time to ____ before the party.A.get changed.B.get change.12.get changing.D.get to change.13 he seems quite _____ at the idea.A.pleasing.B.pleased.C.please.D.pleasant.14.She felt rather _______that she shouldn’t drive the car at such a _______ speed.A.frightening, frightening

B.frightened, frightened

C.frightening, frightened

D.frightened, frightening 15 Tell Mary that there’s someone ____ for her at the door.A.waiting.B.waits.C.waited.D.to wait.16 there is a big dog____ to a fence outside the house.A.tying.B.tied.C.to tie.D.ties.17 The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B.C.did not include women players until 1912.A.first played

B.to be first played

C.first playing

D.to be first playing 18.What he has done is really ____.Now his parents are _____ him.A.disappointing;disappointed at

B.disappointing;disappointed about C.disappointing;disappointed with D.disappointed;disappointing by

19.Prices of daily goods ___ through a computer can be lower than some store prices.A.are bought

B.bought C.been bought

D.buying 20.Mr Smith, ____ of the ___ speech, started to read a novel.A.tired;boring

B.tiring;bored C.tired;bored

D.tiring;boring As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers ____ by her mother.A.buying

B.being bought

C.were bought

D.bought 22.As we joined the big crowd I got ______ from my friends.A.separated

B.spared C.lost D.missed 23.The students, ____ at the way the question was put, didn’t know how to answer it.A being surprised

B.surprising

C.surprised

D.having surprised 24.The first textbooks _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A having written

B.to be written

C.being written

D.written 25.Look at the note_____ to the door, you will see that someone paid a visit when we are away.A.pinning

B.pinned

C.being pinned

D.is pinned

26.I was very ____ to find all the tickets had been sold out when I got there.A.disappoint

B.to disappoint

C.disappointing

D.disappointed 27.---A woman was killed.---Where is the body of the ______ woman? A.murder

B.murdered

C.murdering

D.having murdered 28.The ___ look on the girl’s face suggested that she ___ such bad news.A.surprising, would expect

B.surprised, should expect

C.surprising, shouldn’t have been expected

D.surprised, hadn’t expected 29.You’ll find the word “psychology”___under “P” in your dictionary.A.have listed

B.list

C.listed

D.listing.From the date ___ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago.A.marking

B.marked

C.to be marked

D.having been marked Key: 1-5 ADCDD 6-10 ABBBB 11—20 ABDA

BAABA

21—30DACDB

DBDCB

過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1：

1.___ poor at English, I'm afraid I can't make myself ___.A.To be;understand B.I'm;to understand C.Being;understanding D.Being;understood 2.I have had my bike ___ ,and I'm going to have somebody ___ my radio tomorrow.A.repair;to repair B.repairing;to be repaired C.repaired;repair D.to repair;repairing 3.You must get the work ___ before Friday.A.do B.to do C.doing D.done 4.___ the room,the nurse found the tape-recorder ___.A.Entering;stealing B.Entering;gone C.To have entered;being stolen D.Having entered;to be stolen 5.We are pleased to see the problem ___ so quickly.A.settled B.having been settled C.be settled D.settling

6.Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.(上海1999）

A.it B.it repaired C.repaired D.to be repaired 7.It is wise to have some money ___ for old age.(NMET1996)A.put away B.keep up C.give away D.laid up(put away 放好, 儲(chǔ)存...備用, 處理掉, 放棄, 拋棄)8.I don't want the children ___ out in such weather.A.take B.to take C.taken D.taking

9.I'm afraid that I can't make myself ___ be cause of my poor English.A.understand B.understanding C.to understand D.understood 10.The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied(表動(dòng)作完成）過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練2：

1.We found her greatly ___.A.improving B.changed C.to help D.having disturbed 2.Jane got her bad tooth ___ at the dentist's.A.to put in B.pulled out C.pushed out D.drawing out 3.When ____ ,the museum will be open to the public next year.(上海2002)A.completed B.completing C.being completed D.to be completed

4.With a lot of difficulties ___ ,they went to the seashore and had a good rest.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled 5.The research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be done to change it.(NMET2002)A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun(once begun 在句中作狀語，begin為及物動(dòng)詞:“著手”）

6.___ ,they went home,___.A.Their work had been finished;singing and laughing B.They had finished their work;sang and laughed C.Their work finished;singing and laughing D.after their work finished;singing and laughing 7.Before he came to London,he had never heard a single English word ___ A.speaking B.speak C.spoken D.to speak 8.____ more attention,the trees could have grown better.A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given

9.___ from space,the earth with water ___70％ of its surface looks like a “blue blanket”.A.Seen;covered B.Being seen;covers C.Seeing;covering D.Seen;covering 10.____,the experiment will be successful.A.If carefully doing B.If it done carefully C.If carefully done D.If doing carefully 11.The girl wrote a composition without ___.A.ask B.asking C.being asked D.to be asked 12.He finished his homework and then went on ___me.A.helping B.with help C.with helping D.to help 13.___where to go ,he asked a policeman.A.Having lost his way and not knowing B.Losing his way and didn't know C.Having lost his way and didn't know D.Lost his way and didn't know

14.____ her friend was badly hurt,she burst into tears.A.Hearing B.Having heard C.To hear D.Heard 15.____ his team had won, his face lit up at once.A.Knowing B.When knowing C.After knowing D.When he knew 過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練3：

1.They hurried back home only to find their house ___ into.A.break B.to break C.broken D.breaking

2.When he came to,he found himself ___ on a chair, with his hands ___ back.A.to sit;tied B.sitting;tying C.sat;tied D.sitting;tied 3.We do not feel ___ to enter modern buildings;everything about them seems unfriendly.A.invited B.inviting C.to invite D.to be invited(feel后加形容詞，此處的invited 表主語we 的感受)4.I'm going to have my letters ____ tomorrow if I've got them ready by then.A.to type B.type C.typed D.typing 5.Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty ___ in art and literature.A.expressed B.to express C.being expressed D.to be expressed 答案：

專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1：1-10 DCDBA CACDD 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練2：:1-15 BBAAD DDADC CDDAD 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練3：:1-5 CDACA Exercises:()1._______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.(01’全國夏)

A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered

()2.The researcher is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.(02’全國)A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun

()3.________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.(00’上海)

A.Being founded B.It was founded C.Founded D.Founding

()4.When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year.(02’上海春)A.completed B.completing C.being completed D.to be completed

()5.Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.(03’上海春)A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited

()6.Friendship is like money: easier made than ______.(03’北京)A.kept B.to be kept C.keeping D.having kept

()7.________ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.(03’北京)

A.Having given B.To give C.Giving D.Given

8.(2004年全國卷)“We can’t go out in this weather ,”said Bob ,____ out of the window.A.looking B.to look C.looked D.having looked 9．（2005年福建卷）When ______ help, one often says “Thank you” or “It’s kind of you”.A.offering B.to offer C.to be offered D.offered 10.(2006年江蘇卷)_____ with so much trouble , we failed to complete the task on time.A.Faced B.Face C.Facing D.To face Key: 1-5 ADCA A 6-10 ADADA 過去分詞作狀語在高考試題中的應(yīng)用

（）1._______ more attention, the tree could have grown better.(90’全國)

A.Given

B.To give

C.Giving

D.Having given.（）2.The computer center, ________ last year, is very popular among the students in this school(93’全國)

A.open

B.opening

C.having opened

D.opened（）3.The first textbooks ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.(94’全國)

A.having written B.to be written

C.being written

D.written（）4.________ is thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.(96’全國)

A.Losing

B.Having lost

C.Lost

D.To lose（）5._______ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.(00’全國春)（）6._______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.(01’全國夏)

A.Having suffered

B.Suffering

C.To suffer

D.Suffered（）7.The researcher is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.(02’全國)A.begins

B.having begun D.beginning

D.begun（）8.________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.(00’上海)

A.Being founded

B.It was founded

C.Founded

D.Founding（）9.When ________, the museum will be open to the public next year.(02’上海春)

A.completed

B.completing

C.being completed

D.to be completed（）10.Prices of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.(02’京皖春)

A.are bought

B.bought

C.been bought

D.buying（）11.Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases ________ only to people with specific knowledge.(02’上海)

A.being known

B.having been known

C.to be known

D.known（）12.Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.(03’上海春)

A.invited

B.inviting

C.being invited

D.having invited（）13.Friendship is like money: easier made than ______.(03’北京)

A.kept

B.to be kept

C.keeping

D.having kept（）14.Mr.Smith, _______ of the ________ speech, started to read a novel.(03’北京春)

A.tired;boring

B.tiring;bored

C.tired;bored

D.tiring;boring（）15.________ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.(03’北京)

A.Having given

B.To give

C.Giving

D.Given

(Key: 1-5 ADDCA

6-10 ADCAB 11-15 DAAAD “分詞”專項(xiàng)能力訓(xùn)練題 單項(xiàng)填空

1.What’s the language _______ in Germany?

A.speaking

B.spoken

C.be spoken

D.to speak 2.He had his leg ________ in the match yesterday? A.to break B.broken

C.break

D.breaking 3.It was so cold that he kept the fire _______ all night.A.to burn B.burn

C.burning

D.burned 4.She’s upstairs _________ letters.A.writes

B.is writing

C.write

D.writing 5.“ Can’t you read?” Mary said ________ to the notice.A.angrily pointing

B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed

D.and angrily pointing 6.The lecture was so _________ that they were all _________.A.inspiring: exciting

B.inspiring;excited C.inspired;excited

D.inspired;exciting 7.The wheat fields are irrigated by water _______ from a pond through bamboo pipes.A.bring

B.brings

C.brought

D.bringing 8.This is one of the books ________ by him now.A.to be written

B.being written

C.having been written

D.is been written 9.The book ________ belongs to me.A.which lying on the table

B.lying on the table C.is on the table

D.lay on the table 10.The poor boy looked to the right and to the left, _______ where to go.A.not knowing

B.not to know

C.didn’t know

D.not being known 11._________ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual.A.Not known

B.Known not

C.Knowing not

D.Not Knowing 12.This news sounds _________.A.encouraging

B.encouraged

C.encourage

D.to encourage 13._________, the subject belongs to biology.A.Strictly spoken

B.Spoken strictly C.Strictly speaking

D.Speaking strictly 14.__________, the players tried their best to win the game for their country.A.Greatly encouraged

B.Having greatly encouraged C.To be greatly encouraged

D.Greatly encouraged 15.________ that mistake once, I shall not make the same mistake again.A.Made

B.To make

C.Making

D.Having made 16.---Will you go to the party?

---Of course I will _________.A.if invited

B.if having invited

C.if I was invited

D.if I will be invited 17._________ a child, Elizabeth enjoyed studying art and music.A.She was

B.When was

C.When being

D.Being

18.The bridge _________ now over the Changjiang River will be completed at the end of this year.A.built

B.is being built

C.being built

D.to be built 19._________ that there was an accident ahead, the bus driver changed course.A.Warning

B.Having warned

C.To be warned

D.Having been warned 20.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ________ that ha had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add

C.adding

D.added Suggested answers: 1---5 B B C D A

6---10 B C B B A

11---15 D A C A D 16---20 A D C D C 過去分詞綜合練習(xí)題：

1.The song is often heard _______ in English.A.to sing

B.singing

C.sing

D.sung 2._______ in the rain, he was wet to the skin.A.Be caught

B.Catching

C.Caught

D.Having caught 3.When Mr.Zhang spoke in class, there was so much noise that he couldn’t make himself ______.A.hearing

B.heard

C.to hear

D.hear 4.After his journey from abroad, Richard Johns returned home, _______.A.exhausted

B.exhausted

C.being exhausted

D.having exhausted 5._____ for a long time, but he insisted on writing the novel.A.Having been ill

B.Although being ill

C.He being ill

D.He was ill 6._____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Having lost

B.To lose

C.Lost

D.Being lost 7._____ from his accent, he is from Shanghai.A.Judged

B.Judging

C.Judge

D.To judge 8.Sarah, hurry up.I am afraid that you can’t have time to ______before the party.A.get changing

B.get change

C.get to change

D.get changed 9._____ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A.Being separated

B.To be separated

C.Having separated

D.Having been separated 10.Sugar, when _____ with water, dissolve quickly.A.is mixed

B.mixing

C.mixed

D.mix 11.Do let mother know all the truth.She appears ______ everything.A.to be told

B.to have been told

C.to tell

D.to be telling 12.Having been attacked by terrorists,_________.A.the tall building collapsed

B.doctors came to their rescues C.an emergency measure was taken

D.warnings were given to tourists 13.Prices of daily good ______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A.are bought

B.been bought

C.buying

D.bought 14.______ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.A.Having given

B.Giving

C.Given

D.To give 15.The prize of the game show is $30,000 and all expenses ______ vacation to China.A.paying

B.paid

C.to be paid

D.being paid

16._____ in 1936, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in USA.A.Being found

B.It was founded

C.Founded

D.Founding 17.----She should not have done that sort of thing.----Whatever she did was reasonable, ______to what you had done;besides, it is none of your business.Get down to _____ your lessons.A.compared;doing

B.comparing;doing

C.compared;do

D.comparing;do 18.______ the month and the year, the book was put on the bookshelf.A.Being marked

B.Marked with

C.Marking with

D.Having marked 19._____, she couldn’t say even a word.A.Excited

B.Being excited

C.Exciting

D.Being exciting

20.The youngest daughter got angry again.Mother felt very _____ and father’s face wore a ____ expression.A.puzzled;puzzling

B.puzzling;puzzled

C.puzzling;puzzling

D.puzzled;puzzled 21.Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ______ since the flood hit the area last Friday.A.having been missing

B.have got lost

C.be missing

D.get lost 22.______ in a friendly way, their quarrel came to an end.A.Being settled

B.Settled

C.Having settled

D.Settling

23.When we came into the reading room, we found her _____ at a desk, with her attention ______ on a book.A.sitting;fixing

B.sit;fixed

C.sitting;to be fixed

D.seated;fixed DCBAD

CBDDC

BADCB

CABAD

ABD

數(shù)據(jù)線ing 整理

謝謝使用

第四篇：開發(fā)嬰兒右腦游戲

開發(fā)嬰兒右腦的游戲

導(dǎo)讀：我根據(jù)大家的需要整理了一份關(guān)于《開發(fā)嬰兒右腦的游戲》的內(nèi)容，具體內(nèi)容：爸爸媽媽們都希望自己的寶寶可以變得更加聰明，因此開發(fā)右腦對于寶寶來說至關(guān)重要，而且越早開發(fā)越好。今天我為大家?guī)砹耍黄饋砜纯窗?0-2 個(gè)月寶寶的游戲：撓癢癢方...爸爸媽媽們都希望自己的寶寶可以變得更加聰明，因此開發(fā)右腦對于寶寶來說至關(guān)重要，而且越早開發(fā)越好。今天我為大家?guī)砹耍黄饋砜纯窗?

0-2 個(gè)月寶寶的游戲：

撓癢癢方法：用一些不同質(zhì)地的物品如羽毛或浸滿溫水的干凈海綿，輕拂過寶寶的皮膚，看他的反應(yīng)。

點(diǎn)評(píng)：觸覺是寶寶探索世界的基本途徑之一，寶寶在接觸各種質(zhì)地物品時(shí)，父母也有機(jī)會(huì)練習(xí)辨認(rèn)寶寶的身體語言，相互間的協(xié)調(diào)反應(yīng)，有助于建立寶寶的安全感。目的：觸覺鍛煉、身體認(rèn)知和社交能力的開發(fā)。月的寶寶的游戲：踩自行車你將寶寶的腳抬起來，并用左右手各自抓住寶寶的左右腳，一前一后幫寶寶做運(yùn)動(dòng)，就好像寶寶在踩自行車那樣。幫寶寶換尿布、洗澡時(shí)，比較適合玩這個(gè)游戲。這個(gè)游戲有利于鍛煉寶寶的腿部肌肉。

注意：

1.做運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，越是年齡小的寶寶，你的動(dòng)作越要輕柔。剛開始做這個(gè)游戲時(shí)，運(yùn)動(dòng)的頻率要比較慢，然后再逐漸加快。同時(shí)為了增強(qiáng)游戲的趣味

性，你可以在幫寶寶做運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，配合節(jié)奏念唱兒歌。

2.請爸爸媽媽注意：所有的運(yùn)動(dòng)游戲都不適合在寶寶喝奶前后半小時(shí)內(nèi)做，不然會(huì)造成溢奶。

3-6 個(gè)月寶寶的游戲：

挖寶方法：將寶寶喜愛的玩具的一部分藏在毯子下，然后邊發(fā)問邊引導(dǎo)寶寶將毯子翻開把它拿出來。點(diǎn)評(píng)：通過“藏貓貓”游戲的強(qiáng)化和延伸，幫助寶寶理解暫時(shí)看不到與事物客觀存在的概念。目的：精細(xì)動(dòng)作技能、物體客觀存在和表象記憶。

10-12 個(gè)月寶寶的游戲：

追光方法：將電筒燈罩包上彩紙，使彩色光束移動(dòng)照在地板上墻上或低矮的家具上，鼓勵(lì)寶寶“抓”。

點(diǎn)評(píng)：無論寶寶爬或走著去“抓住光束”，都能促進(jìn)寶寶的手眼協(xié)調(diào)，增強(qiáng)靈活性。目的：追逐光線需要專心和身體的協(xié)調(diào)，鍛煉平衡能力、手眼協(xié)調(diào)和大動(dòng)作技能。

嬰兒大腦發(fā)育的七大要點(diǎn)

反復(fù)刺激增強(qiáng)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞網(wǎng)絡(luò)

形成神經(jīng)細(xì)胞網(wǎng)絡(luò)后，長期不使用該網(wǎng)絡(luò)會(huì)消失。每天反復(fù)進(jìn)行同樣的事，或者昨天做的事，今天重復(fù)進(jìn)行等，神經(jīng)細(xì)胞網(wǎng)絡(luò)使用的越多就越牢靠和持久。

打好基礎(chǔ)，比很早就會(huì)做更重要

有些人認(rèn)為，不用學(xué)爬行，只要會(huì)走路就行了。這種想法是不對的。尤其是運(yùn)動(dòng)，一個(gè)階段完成后再上一層，要學(xué)好爬行，坐好姿勢。因?yàn)檫@些

動(dòng)作與肌肉、骨格、關(guān)節(jié)的發(fā)育有關(guān)。

大腦各領(lǐng)域都要均衡發(fā)育

鍛煉項(xiàng)目，分為下列 5 部分：「手」「運(yùn)動(dòng)」「知能」「社會(huì)性」「感覺」。希望嬰幼兒全面發(fā)育，各領(lǐng)域要反復(fù)鍛煉。

嬰幼兒不愿意做的事，不要強(qiáng)追他去做

嬰兒不愿意做的事，如強(qiáng)迫他去做大腦不會(huì)發(fā)育。不愿意做時(shí)可暫停，休息一會(huì)，然后再試。

做好了一定要表揚(yáng)

嬰幼兒經(jīng)過努力完成某動(dòng)作，媽媽一定要表揚(yáng)，「做的好!」 「做得漂亮!」。嬰兒受到表揚(yáng)非常高興，此時(shí)大腦分泌多巴胺，想下一次要做得更好，產(chǎn)生欲望。很會(huì)表揚(yáng)嬰幼兒的媽媽，將能大大促進(jìn)嬰兒大腦的發(fā)育。

否定后要接受嬰兒的撒嬌

嬰兒把不能吃的東西放到嘴邊，或者靠近不能觸摸的東西時(shí)，媽媽要講「不可以」，事后緊抱嬰兒安慰他、鼓勵(lì)他，讓嬰兒感到信賴與安心感，知道那些是不可做的。

開發(fā)寶寶右腦的妙招

開發(fā)寶寶右腦的妙招一：學(xué)音樂

心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，寶寶從小就接觸音樂，可以有助于開發(fā)右腦，尤其是古典音樂，對寶寶右腦的開發(fā)具有很大的影響，此外，家長不妨在寶寶從事其它活動(dòng)時(shí)，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)音樂背景。

開發(fā)寶寶右腦的妙招二：培養(yǎng)繪畫感覺能力

由于右腦具有繪畫感覺的能力，所以家長讓寶寶練習(xí)繪畫，可以有效培

養(yǎng)其觀察能力，讓其盡情欣賞繪畫作品、自然風(fēng)景，此外，還可以帶寶寶一起參觀花展、盆景展，直觀整體地欣賞作品等。

開發(fā)寶寶右腦的妙招三：

體育運(yùn)動(dòng)

因?yàn)橛夷X在運(yùn)動(dòng)中對形象的感知及細(xì)胞的激發(fā)比靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)更快更強(qiáng)，所以讓寶寶每天跳半小時(shí)的迪斯科、健身操或者打乒乓球、羽毛球等，可有利于刺激寶寶的右腦。

開發(fā)寶寶右腦的妙招四：帶寶寶逛商場

帶寶寶一同去商場，是開發(fā)寶寶右腦的另一種有效途徑，這樣能夠有效培養(yǎng)孩子綜合各種知識(shí)及判斷的能力。

開發(fā)寶寶右腦的妙招五：益智玩具

益智玩具是開發(fā)寶寶右腦的最佳工具，主要以拼插、組裝、游戲等活動(dòng)形式為主，此外，電腦游戲機(jī)也是鍛煉孩子右腦的好工具，比如想象游戲、猜圖游戲等。

第五篇：0-3月嬰兒訓(xùn)練方案

0～3個(gè)月嬰兒訓(xùn)練方案

一、認(rèn)知能力的培養(yǎng)

1、視覺訓(xùn)練：嬰兒仰臥位，在小兒胸部上方20～30cm 用玩具，最好是紅顏色或黑白對比鮮明的玩具吸引小兒注意，并訓(xùn)練小兒視線隨物體作上下、左右、圓圈、遠(yuǎn)近、斜線等方向運(yùn)動(dòng)，來刺激視覺發(fā)育，發(fā)展眼球運(yùn)動(dòng)的靈活性及協(xié)調(diào)性。

2、聽覺訓(xùn)練：家長可在小兒周圍不同方向，用說話聲或玩具聲訓(xùn)練小兒轉(zhuǎn)頭尋找聲源。母親的聲音是嬰兒最喜愛聽的聲音之一。母親用愉快、親切、溫柔的語調(diào)，面對面地和嬰兒說話，可吸引小兒注意成人說話的聲音、表情、口形等，誘發(fā)嬰兒良好、積極的情緒和發(fā)音的欲望。可選擇不同旋律、速度、響度、曲調(diào)或不同樂器奏出的音樂或發(fā)聲玩具，也可利用家中不同物體敲擊聲如鐘表聲、敲碗聲等，或改變對嬰兒說話的聲調(diào)來訓(xùn)練小兒分辨各種聲音。當(dāng)然，不要突然使用過大的聲音，以免嬰兒受驚嚇。

3、觸覺訓(xùn)練：嬰兒面頰、口唇、眉弓、手指頭或腳趾頭等處對觸壓覺很敏感。可利用手或各種形狀、質(zhì)地的物體進(jìn)行觸覺練習(xí)。光滑的絲綢圍巾、粗糙的麻布、柔軟的羽毛、棉花、頭梳齒、粗細(xì)不同的毛巾或海綿、幾何形狀的玩具均可讓小兒產(chǎn)生不同的觸覺感，有助于發(fā)展小兒的觸覺識(shí)別能力。

4、味、嗅、溫度等感知覺訓(xùn)練：利用日常生活，發(fā)展嬰兒各種感覺。如吃飯時(shí)，用筷子蘸萊汁給嬰兒嘗嘗；吃蘋果時(shí)讓嬰兒聞聞蘋果香味、嘗嘗蘋果味道；洗澡時(shí)，讓小兒聞聞肥皂香味，用奶瓶喂奶時(shí)，讓孩子用手感受一下奶瓶的溫度等等，均有助于嬰兒感知覺的發(fā)展。

二、動(dòng)作能力的培養(yǎng)

1、抬頭練習(xí)

（1）俯臥抬頭：使小兒俯臥，兩臂屈肘于胸前，成人在小兒頭側(cè)引逗小兒抬頭，開始訓(xùn)練每次30秒鐘，以后可根據(jù)小兒訓(xùn)練情況逐漸延長至3分鐘左右。

（2）坐位豎頭：將嬰兒抱坐在成人一只前臂上，嬰兒的頭背部貼在成人前胸，成人一只手抱住嬰兒的胸部，使小兒面前呈現(xiàn)廣闊的空間，能注視到周圍更多新奇的東西，這可激發(fā)小兒興趣，使小兒主動(dòng)練習(xí)豎頭。也可讓嬰兒胸部貼在成人的胸前和肩部，使嬰兒的頭位于成人肩部以上，用另一只手托住嬰兒的頭、頸、背，以防止小兒頭后仰。

2、側(cè)翻訓(xùn)練

（1）轉(zhuǎn)側(cè)練習(xí)： 用小兒感興趣的發(fā)聲玩具，在小兒頭部左右側(cè)逗引小兒，使小兒頭部側(cè)轉(zhuǎn)注意玩具。每次訓(xùn)練2～3分鐘，每日數(shù)次。這可促進(jìn)頸肌的靈活性和協(xié)調(diào)性，為側(cè)翻身作準(zhǔn)備。

（2）側(cè)翻練習(xí)：小兒滿月后，可開始訓(xùn)練側(cè)翻動(dòng)作。先用一個(gè)發(fā)聲玩具，吸引小兒轉(zhuǎn)頭注視，然后，成人一手握住小兒一只手，另一只手將小兒同側(cè)腿搭在另一條腿上，輔助小兒

向?qū)?cè)側(cè)翻注視，左右輪流側(cè)翻練習(xí)，以幫助小兒感覺體位的變化，學(xué)習(xí)側(cè)翻動(dòng)作。每日2次，每次側(cè)翻2～3次。

3、手部動(dòng)作訓(xùn)練

（1）手部感知練習(xí)：除了前面所述訓(xùn)練小兒手部觸覺的方法外，尚可在嬰兒手腕部系上鈴鐺或紅色手帕、鮮艷的手鐲，來吸引小兒對手部的感知，幫助他感知手的存在、體驗(yàn)手的動(dòng)作。可隔一段時(shí)間變更一種系法，看看嬰兒注意到這些變化沒有。脫下手鐲、紅綢帶讓嬰兒瞧瞧、摸摸，讓他感覺一下這些東西與手部動(dòng)作的關(guān)系。還可讓小兒仰臥，將一塊布或手絹蓋在他的臉上，也可只蓋住小兒一只眼睛，開始時(shí)可抓住小兒的上臂引導(dǎo)他幫他試著用手移開布，逐漸減少幫助，使他自己將布從臉上移開。

（2）抓握練習(xí)： 握著小兒的手，幫助其觸碰、抓握面前懸吊的玩具，吸引他抓握，可促進(jìn)眼手的協(xié)調(diào)和視知覺的形成。

三、習(xí)慣和生活能力的培養(yǎng)

1、培養(yǎng)清潔衛(wèi)生的習(xí)慣：小兒每次哺喂完，都幫他擦擦嘴。早晨起床后為他洗臉、洗手、入睡前再給他洗臉、洗手、洗腳、洗臀部，在固定時(shí)間洗澡等等，均可培養(yǎng)小兒愛清潔的良好習(xí)慣。

2、獨(dú)立能力的培養(yǎng)：應(yīng)盡量多和孩子交流，但整天陪在小兒身邊也是完全不必要的。孩子醒來時(shí)，可讓他獨(dú)自躺在床上活動(dòng)一下四肢、四處看看，睡眠時(shí)，成人也不必要陪同躺下。

四、社會(huì)交往能力的培養(yǎng)

滿足嬰兒逐漸形成的各種生理需求和認(rèn)識(shí)要求，是嬰兒積極情緒產(chǎn)生的主要條件，也是嬰兒學(xué)會(huì)與人交往的基礎(chǔ)。借助以下方法，可促進(jìn)嬰兒社會(huì)交往能力的形成和發(fā)展。

1、善于辨別嬰兒哭聲，并作出應(yīng)答：哭聲是嬰兒表示不滿的主要手段。嬰兒啼哭時(shí)，閉著眼晴，嘴左右覓食或吮吸手指，雙腳緊蹬、嚎叫不停，說明小兒是饑餓或口渴，應(yīng)給嬰兒喂奶或喂水。持續(xù)不斷悲悲切切地嗯叫流淚，可能為尿布濕、衣著太緊或身體不舒服，成人可給嬰兒寬衣帶、更換尿布。如小兒是因?yàn)樯』蛏眢w不適啼哭，可抱抱嬰兒，輕拍嬰兒，和嬰兒說說話，安慰他。哭而無淚或注視著成人，臉僅有哭的表情“哼哼”直叫，是想成人抱，可抱抱嬰兒，但不要讓嬰兒養(yǎng)成非抱不可的習(xí)慣，可坐在嬰兒床邊逗逗小兒或在嬰兒床頭掛些色彩鮮艷的玩具，讓他自己玩玩。夜間煩躁啼哭，夜驚多汗則常見于佝僂病的早期表現(xiàn)，大聲陣發(fā)性尖叫常為腹部疼痛，均應(yīng)盡早到醫(yī)院就診治療。

2、培養(yǎng)小兒對語音的感知：利用小兒清醒時(shí)間，讓他看看周圍環(huán)境，并告訴他周圍他注意到的東西的名稱及行為。

3、引逗發(fā)聲：和藹微笑著和嬰兒說話，引逗嬰兒發(fā)出“哦哦”“嗯嗯”聲。也可模仿嬰兒發(fā)出的聲音，鼓勵(lì)嬰兒積極發(fā)音，對成人微笑，這可促進(jìn)嬰兒喜悅情緒的產(chǎn)生，激勵(lì)嬰兒與人交往。