第一篇:托福聽力對話部分結構剖析
留學改變人生
教育改變中國
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托福聽力對話部分結構剖析
托福聽力是廣大考生覺得是難度比較大的科目,由兩個部分組成,每個部分由一段對話和兩個講座,聽力時間比較長,每篇文章時長也較長,特別是學術報告類型的。我們今天先從對話的結構講起,從結構剖析考點.眾所周知,托福聽力是廣大考生覺得難度比較大的科目,且在托福考試中,聽力時間比較長,每篇文章時長也較長,特別是學術報告類型的。我們今天先從對話的結構講起,從結構剖析考點.對話的基本框架結構:
1.對話主題
2.問題原因
3.老師要求
4.學校要求
5.語氣轉變
6.老師建議
7.問題結果
8.研究調查
9.對話結果
10.師生約見
如何從十個框架結構剖析出考點:
1.對話主題:對話的主題一般在最開始就會給出,所以一定要聽第一句話。有時候也會有寒暄,之后要注意聽學生說(my problem/my question is ?)(I was wondering?., I was hoping?)類似這樣的句子。一般都是引出主題的地方。
2.問題原因:一個學生去找老師,一定是為了解決某個問題,而這個問題一定是有原因的,原因幾乎每次都會考。所以大家一定要注意聽因為所以的詞,這個可以參照講座的詞匯。
3.老師要求:老師給學生講解的過程中,一定會提到作業要求,那么這個要求一般是會考到的。所以大家要注意聽requirement, you need to?, you should have?.這樣的字眼。
4.學校要求:這個和上個類似,例如畢業的要求,住宿的要求,圖書館借書的要求,都是肯定出考點,一定要注意聽,特別是requirement等等的詞匯。
5.語氣轉變:這個基本是定律了,語氣轉變類似于:Wow!You know what? Guess what? Actually?, To tell you the truth?, Listen?.6.老師建議:老師的建議,解決方案是肯定會考到的,這個需要大家盯住以下的信號詞: 1)You should
2)I suggest / I propose / I recommend
3)proposal / tips / suggestion / advice/ recommendation
4)had better do sth./ be better off doing sth.留學改變人生
教育改變中國
http://www.tmdps.cn/cd/
5)How about?? / What about??
6)Why not?? / Why don’t you??
7)If I were you, I would?/ I wouldn’t?
8)Would it make things go faster if you??
9)Maybe / Perhaps you?
10)How does ? sound?
7.問題結果:對話的第五題或者第四題,喜歡考對話的結果,就是這個問題是怎么處理的,是否成功等等。
8.研究調查:凡是對話中出現,調查,研究類似的信息,一定是會考的,而且會考,為什么要提到這些研究,大家以后記住,只要選支持主題的選項就可以了。
10.師生約見:這個考察的是結束對話后老師和學生約下次見面時間,有時候會說見面的內容,那么這個內容一般會考到。
抓住這10點,幾乎對話的所有題目都在這個范圍之內。大家可以在練習之中,不斷的強化這幾點,養成記筆記的習慣。做到每次聽到某些信號詞的時候就要特別小心,記筆記,預測出題點。
新通外語,更懂留學考試!新通外語培訓學校本著“教得好、管得嚴、提分快”的原則認真對待每一位學生,我們最優秀的金牌培訓老師為您教學指導,短時高效提高學習成績。即日起在線報名或致電免費咨詢電話:400-618-0272即可參與暑假班優惠活動,名額有限,馬上聯系我們吧!我們為您的英語學習保駕護航。
第二篇:托福聽力對話場景演講話題詞匯
Conversation
入學:
enrollment 登記, 注冊
opening ceremony n.開業典禮, 儀式 commencement ceremony 畢業典禮 convocation n.正式會議(可指簡單的畢業典禮)
orientation meeting開學說明會
staff n.全體職員
freshman(大學)一年級學生
sophomore(大學)二年級學生
junior(大學)三年級學生
senior(大學)四年級學生
tuition, fee 費用
placement test 開學測試
excellent 出色的
average平均的,一般的
below average 低于平均水平的,差的
結構及稱謂: university-president 大學,校長
chancellor 名譽校長
college 學院
school 學院
dean 院長
principal 中學校長 professor 教授
associate professor 副教授 assistant professor 助理教授
coordinator 班主任,協調人 counselor 輔導員 advisor 指導老師
instructor 講師
tutor 個人輔導
supervisor 管理人
undergraduate 本科
graduate 研究生
建筑物buildings:
canteen.餐廳
cafeteria.自助餐廳
administration building 行政大樓
main building主樓
wing/annex 配樓
teaching building教學樓
dormitory n.宿舍
auditorium n.會堂, 禮堂=lecture hall
assembly n.集合,集會hall
computer lab 計算實驗室,機房vffvf dining hall 食堂 選課 學科
major 主修 minor 副修
science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科 Mathematics 數學 physics 物理 chemistry 化學 biology 生物學 geography 地理學 electronics 電子學
computer science 計算機科學 astronomy 天文學
electronics engineering 電子工程學 botany 植物學 psychology 心理學 zoology 動物學 architecture 建筑學 oceanography 海洋學 ecology 生態學 medical science 醫學 archaeology 考古學 history 歷史學 linguistics 語言學
pedagogies 教育學,教學法
anthropology 人類學 economics 經濟學 statistics 統計學 accounting 會計學 philosophy 哲學 類型
required、compulsory course 必修課 selective/optional course選修課 elective course 選修課 lecture 講座
seminar 高級研討性課 colloquium n.報告課 tutorial 個人輔導課程 workshop 專題課程 級別
Introductory 入門級
elementary, fundamental 初級 Intermediate, secondary 中級 Advanced 高級 Prerequisite 先修課程 上課:
Attend class 上課 Miss class 缺課 Skip class逃課 Syllabus 教學大綱
Required textbook 要求的課本 Attendance 出勤 Grading system 打分體系 Class participation 課堂參與 semester/term 學期 quarter小學期 course guideline 課程綱要 major 主修 minor 副修 exemption 免修 syllabus 教學大綱
Professor’s signature 教授的簽字(用于注冊課程)
Course cap課程容量(可以招收的學生數), openings(可供注冊的名額)Take選(課), drop 退(課)Late registration晚注冊 Deregistration 注銷
教師稱號
professor 教授
lecturer = instructor 講師
teaching assistant = TA 助教
research assistant = RA 助研 counselor, adviser 咨詢者,顧問 president 大學校長 teacher/faculty 教師 student's advisor 學生顧問 physicist 物理學家 mathematician 數學家 chemist 化學家 historian 歷史學家 statistician 統計學家 作業:
assignment 作業
homework = coursework = schoolwork
= studies 作業 lab report 實驗報告 book report 讀書報告 project 作業 presentation 發言
term paper 學期論文(research paper)
thesis/essay/dissertation 論文
journal 學術期刊
social investigation 社會調查
survey 調查
questionnaire n.調查表, 問卷 observation n.觀察 interview vt.n.采訪 collect data 收集數據 broad(論文等)內容寬泛
narrow down(論文等)縮小范圍
source(寫論文的)參考資料
critical thinking 評判性思維
lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最終期限
extension 延期
due date/time期限
outline n.大綱, 提綱(roadmap)bibliography n書目, 參考書目
reference 參考
plagiarism n.抄襲
revise v.修改
rewrite v.重寫
final draft 完成稿
speech n.演講
presentation 演講,陳述
eye contact 目光接觸
intonation 音調
考試:
mid-term exam 期中考
final exams = finals 期末考 cumulative final 總結性考試
take-home exam(拿回家的開卷考試,一般有限定的時間)open-book exam 開卷考試
subjective test 主觀性測試
objective test 客觀性測試
pop quiz 抽查式測驗
blue book 答題本
assessment n估價
appraisal n.評價, 估價
make up for補考,resit, retake重考
grade(mark、score)分數
proctor/invigilator 監考老師
成績:
perfect grade 優異成績
low grade 低分
high mark 高分
passing grade 及格分
failing grade 不及格分
full marks 滿分
straight A's 全A
be all A's and B's 全是A和B
B plus B加 A minus A減
pass the iexam with flying colors 以優異成績通過考試
graduate with honors 以榮譽畢業
diploma,degree,certificate 文憑學位證書
圖書館:
library圖書館
librarian圖書管理員
publication 出版物
periodical 期刊
magazine 雜志
book catalogue 圖書目錄
classified catalogue 分類目錄
bibliography 參考書目
title index 書目索引
alphabetic index 按字母順序排列的索引
circulation desk借書處
reserved books 館藏書
library card 借書證
overdue fine 過期罰金
periodical reading room 期刊閱覽室
online journal 在線期刊
video tape 錄像帶
back issue 過期雜志 shelf n.書架
photocopy room復印室 return area 還書處 students locker 學生存儲間
reference section 參考書部
科研過程
Hypothesis
Alternative hypothesis擇一假說
Null hypothesis無效假說, 零假說
Collect data
Survey, questionnaire
Experiment
Interfere, influence
Observation
Analyze data
Interpret data
Analysis
Analytical
Subject
Sample
Treatment group
Non-treatment
Control group 校內工作,課外活動 及尋找經濟援助:
Letter of reference/recommendation Competitive Benefit future career Field research Collect data for papers Waiter, waitress,Babysitter Work at the library Qualification資格, qualified 合格的
Resume, CV financial aid經濟援助
Scholarship Fellowship Teaching assistantship 助教獎學金
Research assistantship 研究獎學金
Grant 助學金
Loan 貸款
Need-based以需求為基礎
Merit-based 以優秀為基礎
Student union 學生會
Clubs 俱樂部
Membership 成員資格
Career service 住宿:
宿舍:
accommodation n.住處, 膳宿 residence hall宿舍 suite 套間
studio 工作室,獨立套間
village 村落(校內一棟一棟的房子,可以用做宿舍)
lounge n.公共大廳(可以用做娛樂)
home-stay 在國外住在房東家里的那種
roommate同屋者,室友
corridor n.走廊,過道,租房
lease n.租借, 租約
landlord 房東
landlady女房東
rent租金
tenant 房客
patio n.陽臺,sliding door n.推拉門
single room 單人房
twin room 雙人房
two-bedroom apartment
house key 房鎖匙
床上用品: pillow n.枕頭 bed linen n.床上用品 sheet n.被單 mattress n.床墊 blanket n.毯子 towel n.手巾, 毛巾 quilt n.棉被 電器類
electric appliance(instrument;equipment)電器
heater, furnace 加熱器,爐子
heating unit 暖氣片
air conditioner 空調設備
stove 爐子
microwave oven 微波爐
washer / dryer 洗衣機/烘干機(laundry 洗衣店)
utensil 器皿;用具 kitchen utensil 炊具 oven 烤箱;烤爐 range 煤氣灶 dishwasher 洗碟機 washing machine 洗衣機(hot-water)heater 熱水器
Coffee pot 咖啡壺 refrigerator(freezer)冰箱 vacuum cleaner 吸塵器 tape player 錄音機 CD player CD機 Laundromat 自動洗衣店 maintenance 維修,保養 家具類 furniture 家具 bookshelf 書架 bookcase 書柜 couch 沙發
chest 柜子;櫥;箱子
dresser(bureau)梳妝臺
cabinet 儲藏柜;陳列柜
cupboard(closet)碗櫥
storage wall 壁櫥 rug 小地毯 carpet 地毯 curtain 窗簾 bathtub 浴缸
fixture(房屋)固定裝置 furnishings 室內陳設
日常生活/問題: personal possessions/property/belongings個人財產
get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongs garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾 dispose v.處理 gas meter煤氣表 insect n.昆蟲 burglar n.夜賊 leaking/leakage n.泄漏 lost key丟鑰匙 break in 闖入
Lecture Geology地質學 Slide n.滑坡 Landslide n.山體滑坡 Mud泥土, soil土壤 Earth n.土 Sink v.下沉
Ground water 地下水 Irrigation n.灌溉 Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷凍 Melt v.融化 molten Gravity n.重力 Aggravate v.加重 Lean v.傾斜 Slope n.斜坡 Steep adj.陡峭
Erode v., erosion n.腐蝕 Fossil n.化石 Dinosaur n.恐龍
Sediment, deposit 沉淀物 Marble 大理石 granite 花崗巖 Ore 礦石 Stalactite 鐘乳石
Refine v.提煉 Platinum v.鉑金 Seismology 地震學 Vibration, tremor, 震動 Wave 波動
Volcano, volcanic 火山,火山的Volcanic eruption 火山噴發 Magnitude 級數 Collision n.碰撞 Active adj.積極的 Dormant adj.休眠的 Extinct adj.熄滅的 Magma n.巖漿 Lava n.巖漿 Erupt v.噴發
explode v.爆炸(explosion)boom n.爆炸 Blast n.爆炸 Avalanche n.雪崩 地球科學
Earth’s interior 地球的內部 Seismic waves地震波 Compression 壓縮
Shear(a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves)Slow down減慢速度
Reflect 反射
Depth深度
Density 密度
Boundary邊界
Mantle地幔
Crust地殼
Core地心
Continental plate 大陸板塊
Tectonic plate(地球表面的)構造板塊
Continental drift 大陸漂移
Layer, strata 層
Stratify 分層
Crack 裂縫
Molten lava 融化的巖漿
Climatic shift= Climatic changes氣候變化
Consistent pattern 統一的,始終一致的
Solar energy太陽能
Radiate 發射,放射
Crude approximation 大概的猜測
Speculation猜測 Cooling down冷卻 Mechanism 機制 Physical force 體力
Imaginary line虛擬線
Artificial reservoir 人工水庫
Latitude 緯度
Redistribute再分配,再分布
Spin 快速旋轉
Minerals 礦物質
Diverse 多樣的
Specimen,Sample樣品
Abundant 豐富的
Glassy像玻璃的
Amazon stones天河石
Firing vapor 炙熱的水蒸汽
Wipe out 根除,徹底消滅
Mt Everest 珠穆朗瑪峰
Elevation 海拔,海拔增高
Precise measurement精確的測量
Global Positioning System
全球定位系統
Longitude 經度
Alternative sources of energy 可替代資源 Gas hydrate氣體水合物 Trap 困住 Flame 火焰 Potential 潛在的 Model 模式
Geological fault地質斷層 Crack 裂縫
seismic gap地震活動空白地帶 postulate 假設 chunk 大塊 cylinder 圓柱 cylindrical 圓柱形的
ground tilt measurement地傾斜觀測 evacuate 撤出
sedimentary adj.沉淀性的 accumulate 積累 商業
Insurance 保險 Note 注意 Contract合約
Verbal agreement口頭協議 Repay 償還 Interest 利息
Merchant 商人 Cautious 謹慎的 Paramount 極為重要的 Manufacture 制造 Label 標簽
Contention 所持觀點 Inform 告知 Cost成本
Profit利潤loss損失 Net凈的,gross粗略的 Supply and demand供求 Supply chain供應鏈 Fluctuation 浮動 Recession 衰退 Depression 蕭條
Marketing strategies市場營銷策略 Survey 調查 Surplus 剩余 Shipment 運輸 Distribution 分布 Retail 零售 Whole sale 批發 Franchise特許經營 Budget預算 哲學
Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Theme 主題 Logic 邏輯 Rhetoric 修辭
Fundamental causes 基本原因 Principles of the universe 宇宙的原則 Perceive 看待,觀察 Perception 觀點 Sense 感覺 Soul 靈魂spirit Element 組成成分 Reasoning 推理
Ration理性, rational有理性的 Contemplation 沉思,思考 Judgment判斷
Just公正的,justice公正
Justify證明, justification 合理的理由 Explicit 明確的 Ethics道德規范 Ethical theory 倫理理論 Moral 有道德的 Ultimate truth終極真理 Universal 普遍的
Search for truth 追求真理 Vary v.不相同 Intrinsic 內部的 Extrinsic 外部的 Critic 評論家 Old-fashioned 過時的 Valuable 有價值的 Survive 生存,存活 Conservative 保守的 Liberal 開放的 Impractical不實際的 Empirical經驗主義的 Cognitive 認知的 Weaken 削弱
Diminish(影響力)減小 Medieval 中世紀 Renaissance 文藝復興 Doctrine教義,主義,學說 Idealism 唯心論,理想主義 Epistemology n.認識論 Metaphysics形而上學,玄學 Reconcile和解,調停 天文學astronomy
constellation星座 zodiac(星象學的星座)planet 行星 sun 恒星 Jupiter 木星 Pluto 冥王星 Saturn 土星 Mercury 水星 Mars 火星 Venus金星 Neptune海王星 Uranus天王星
Ceres 谷物星(the largest asteroid and the first discovered)White dwarf 白矮星
Big Dipper 北斗七星
Asteroid belt 小行星帶
Milky Way 銀河系
Galaxy n.星系
orbit v.運行n.軌道
rotate v.轉
Axis n.軸
track n.軌道
outer space外太空 gravity n.重力 equator n.赤道 tropical 熱帶的 brightness n.亮度 dimension n.維度 distance n.距離 Eclipse(日月食)
Wane, diminish v.逐漸變小 Centripetal 向心 Centrifugal 離心 Nebula 星云
(an immense cloud of gas(mainly hydrogen)and dust in interstellar space)
Nebulous adj.星云的
Gas 氣體(rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen)
Particle 微粒
Polar light 極光
Astronomical 天文的
Astrophysics 天文物理學
Big Dipper 北斗七星
Black hole 黑洞
Celestial天體的 Celestial map 天體圖 Centrifugal force 離心力
Chondrite 球粒狀隕石
Chromosphere太陽的色球層
Clockwise 順時針
Cluster 星團,一群星星
Comet 彗星
Cosmos宇宙, cosmetic宇宙的
Cosmology宇宙學
Emission 排放物,發射
Faint 微弱的
Feeble 微弱的
Gaseous bodies 氣態包
Gravitational force 吸引力
Greenwich mean time 格林尼治時間High resolution 高清晰度
Ignite 引燃
Illusive object 幻影物體
Image 影響,形象
Infinite 無限的
Infrared ray 紅外射線
Interferometer 干擾儀
Intergalactic 星系間的
International date line 國際日期變更線
Interplanetary 星球間的
Interstellar星際的
Leap year 閏年
Light year光年
Luminosity光亮度
Lunar陰歷的,月亮的
Massive 巨大的
Meteor流星
Meteor shower 流星雨
Meteorite隕石
Meteoroid流星體
Molten 融化的
Naked eye 裸眼
Observatory 天文臺
Photosphere 光球層
Planetarium 天文館
Planetoid 小行星
Polestar 北極星
Pseudoscience 偽科學
Quasar類星體
Radiation 輻射
Revolution 旋轉
Rotation 旋轉 Satellite 衛星 Sky atlas天體圖 Solar corona日冕 Space debris 太空垃圾 Space shuttle 太空飛船 Space suit 太空服 Spin 快速旋轉
Star cluster 星群,星團 Stellar 星星的 Sunspot 太陽黑子 Time difference 時差 Time zone 時區
表演藝術(舞蹈,電影,音樂etc.)Genre 藝術分類 Performing art 表演藝術 modern dance piece現代舞 concert 音樂會 play劇 opera歌劇 film 電影 camera 攝影 camera shot analytical 分析的
parallel平行的 ballet芭蕾舞
choreographer 舞蹈指導 Fine/visual arts 視覺藝術 Abstract art抽象藝術 landscape風景 photography攝影 exposure 曝光 develop film 沖洗膠卷 negative n.底片
portrait(portray v.)肖像, 人像、still life靜物 sculpture雕塑 statue 人物雕像 lifelike 逼真的vivid anthem 國歌 Critic 評論家 Criticism 批評,評論 Review n.評論 Masterpiece 杰作
Have aesthetic value 有美學價值Aesthetic appeal 美學吸引力 Feature 特點 Characteristics 特點
Distinct adj.與眾不同的 Unique 獨一無二的 Style 風格 Technique 技巧 Gallery n.畫館
Edition n.專輯
Release v.發行
Debut n.首映
Impressionist 印象主義者
Impressionism 印象派
Perspective 透視法
Angle 角度
Press/Publishing house出版社
Acclaim v.盛贊
mirage 海市蜃樓
prolific 多產
Preserve v.保存
Extinct adj.滅絕的,消失的
文學
Literature 文學
Poetry詩歌
biography傳記
autobiography 自傳
detective stories 偵探小說
drama戲劇
novel小說Novelist 小說家
collection of short stories短篇小說集 Allegory寓言
Comparative literature比較文學 Diary 日記
Editorial 社論,重要評論
Fiction 小說
Aestheticism 唯美
Autobiography 自傳
Descriptive prose 描述散文
Fairy tale 童話
Futurism 未來派
Legend 傳說
Literary studies 文學研究
Narrative prose 敘述性散文
Podium 講臺
Prose 散文
Realism 現實主義
School of literature 文學派別
Leading character 主要角色
Literary criticism 文學評論
Literary studies 文學學習
Modernism 現代主義 Plot 情節 Poetry 詩歌 Prologue前言 Proverb諺語
Surrealism 超現實主義 美術
Art gallery藝廊 Calligraphy書法 Imitating模仿
Landscape painting風景畫 Oil painting油畫 Paste粘貼
Crayon 蠟筆,粉筆,顏料 Pigmentation 顏料 Canvas 帆布 Wax 蠟 Spectrum 光譜 Perspective透視畫法 Poster海報 Portrait肖像 Model模式,模特 mural 壁畫 Panorama全景 Pastel drawing蠟筆畫
Sketch草圖 Autograph手稿 建筑
Architecture建筑學 Architect建筑師
Architectural style建筑風格 Art deco 裝飾藝術
Geometric patterns 幾何圖形 Arch 拱門 Castle 城堡 Cathedral大教堂 Framing結構
Lobby n.大廳(entrance hall)Elevator n.電梯 Fa?ade n.正面 Stairs 樓梯 Interior 內部的 Exterior 外部的
Impressionistic style印象派風格Mosque清真寺 Pyramid金字塔 Revival 復活 Renaissance 文藝復興 Medieval中世紀
音樂
Accompaniment 伴奏 Audition 試聽,試表演 Band music 樂隊音樂 Chord弦樂,弦 Classical music古典音樂Concerto 協奏曲 Lullaby 催眠曲 Duet 二重奏
Harmony 和弦,和諧 Rock and roll 搖滾 Serenade 小夜曲
Solo 獨奏
Sonata 奏鳴曲
Symphony 交響樂
Ballad歌謠
Folk music 民間音樂
Prelude 前奏
Epilogue 尾聲
Score 樂譜
Note 音符
Notation 樂譜,記號法
Chord symbol和弦符號
Lyrics 歌詞
Tempo 節奏 Melody 主旋律 Rhythm節奏 Tune 旋律 Conduct 指揮 Violin 小提琴 Viola 中提琴 Cello大提琴 Oboe雙簧管 Clarinet單簧管
krummhorn['kr?mh?:n]n.變號(一種古雙簧樂器)Harp 豎琴
考古
anthropologist 人類學家
ecological 生態的
anthropologist 生態人類學家
archaeology 考古學
anthropology 人類學
morphology 形態學
Ancient civilization 古代文明
origin 起源
originate 起源于
ancestor 祖先
hominid 人(科)
homogeneous 同一種族(種類)的 tribe 部落 clan 氏族
archeologist 考古學家 excavation 挖掘 excavate(unearth)挖掘 Scoop鏟子 ruins 遺跡,廢墟 remains 遺跡,遺骸 artifact 手工藝品 pottery 陶器(potter)Porcelain瓷器 fossil 化石 relic 遺物,文物 Rock painting 巖石畫 antique 古物,古董 antiquity 古代,古老 skull 顱骨 Cranial顱骨的 Stone Age 石器時代 Bronze Age(青)銅器時代 Iron Age 鐵器時代 Paleolithic 舊石器時代的
Mesolithic 中石器時代的 Neolithic 新石器時代的 Exhume 挖掘 Paleoanthropology Prehistoric史前的 Primitive原始的 動物 微生物
Amino acid 氨基酸 Antibody 抗體 Bacterium 細菌 Biotical agency Calcium鈣
Carbohydrate 碳水化合物 Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 Cell細胞
Chromosome 染色體 Disinfection 消毒 Enzymes 酶 Fatigue 疲憊 Fermentation 發酵 Fungus 菌類 Gene基因
Genetic engineering 基因工程學 Glucose 葡萄糖 Immunology免疫學 Incubation 孵蛋 Inflection傳染 Malaria 瘧疾 Microbe 微生物 Nucleus 細胞核 One-celled單細胞的 Oxidation氧化
Parasitic animal 寄生動物 Parasite disease 寄生蟲病 Parasitology 寄生蟲學 Pathogen 病菌,病原體 Protozoa 原生動物 Sanitation 衛生
Schistosomiaisis 血吸蟲病 Starch 淀粉 Sterilization 消毒 Toxin 毒素 Vaccine 疫苗 Virus 病毒 Yeast 酵母 動物
living organism 生物
bacterium(pl.bacteria)細菌 algae海藻 coral珊瑚 rodent 嚙齒類動物 primate 靈長類動物 ape 猿
chimpanzee n.黑猩猩 gorilla 大猩猩 monkey n.猴子 mammal 哺乳類動物 dinosaur n.恐龍
bat(ecolotion)蝙蝠(聲波定位)snowshoe hare 雪兔子 raccoon 浣熊 polar bear 北極熊 snout(動物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行類動物 snake, cobra眼鏡蛇, rattle snake 響尾蛇 lizard蜥蜴, snail 蝸牛
amphibian adj.兩棲動物 crocodile 鱷魚 frog n.青蛙
tadpole 蝌蚪 toad 蟾蜍 pond 池塘 puddle 水坑 insect n.昆蟲 mosquito 蚊子 fly 蒼蠅 cricket 蟋蟀 grasshopper 蚱蜢 honey bee monarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings;the larvae feed on milkweed egg 卵
larvae 幼蟲caterpillar 毛蟲
pupa/ chrysalis 繭
termite n.白蟻
marine adj.海洋的
beaver 貍
whale 鯨
shark 鯊魚
dolphin 海豚
penguin 企鵝
predator n.捕食者
prey n.被捕食者 aquatic adj.水生的 shrimp 蝦 lobster 龍蝦 clam 蚌 crab 螃蟹
bird, humming bird artery 動脈 scale 鱗片 claw爪 , paw爪子 horn 角 hormone 荷爾蒙 intestine 腸 hive 蜂巢
pollen n.花粉
pollinate v.授粉
hibernate 冬眠
migrate v.遷徙
communicate v.交流
camouflage 保護色
evolve 進化
evolution n.進化
endotherm n.溫血動物,恒溫動物
poikilotherm n.冷血動物 beak 鳥嘴 enzymes 酵母
secretion(n.)secrete(v.)分泌 pancreas 胰腺
odor 氣味(還有aroma fragrance scent smell)gland 腺體
chromosome 染色體 植物
botany植物學 botanist 植物學家 tundra苔原;凍土地帶,凍原 fungus(pl.fungi)菌類 laurel 月桂
chestnut tree 栗子樹 root 根 branch 枝 stem 莖
algae(pl.alga)海藻 organism 有機物 birch tree(bark)樺樹 crops 谷物 corn 玉米 maize 玉米
chlorophyll 葉綠素 amino acids 氨基酸 protein 蛋白質 nitrogen 氮
photosynthetic(adj.)photosynthesis(n.)光合作用 lichen 地衣,苔蘚
squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such as pumpkins bean 豆類植物 nectar花蜜 flower花 floral 花的 petal 花瓣 bloom 開花 blossom 花 pollen花粉 moss 苔蘚 herbicide 除草劑 herb 草本植物 herbivorous 食草的 classification 分類 hierarchy 級別 hazardous 有毒害的 Meteorology 氣象
meteorology 氣象 meteorologist 氣象學家 forecast(predict)預報 climate 氣候 atmosphere 大氣層 troposphere 對流層 Convection 對流 Stratosphere 同溫層 Barometer 氣壓計 current(氣)流 vapor 蒸汽 evaporate 蒸發
damp(wet;moist;humid)潮濕的 humidity 濕度 moisture 潮濕;水分 saturate 飽和 absorb 吸收 dew 露 frost 霜 fog(mist)霧 smog 煙霧 droplet 小水珠 condense 濃縮
crystal 水晶體
downpour(torrential rain)大雨 tempest(storm)暴風雨 drizzle 細雨 shower 陣雨 hail 冰雹
blizzard(snowstorm)暴風雪 avalanche(snowslide)雪崩
precipitation(雨、露、雪等)降水Thunder 雷 Lightening 閃電 breeze 微風 Blast 大風 gale 大風 whirlwind 旋風 Cyclone 旋風,颶風 typhoon 臺風 hurricane 颶風 Monsoon 季風 Sandstorm沙塵暴 Dust storm沙塵暴
tornado(twister, cyclone)龍卷風 Tropical depression熱帶低氣壓
Wind direction 風向 Wind velocity 風速 Wind scale 風力 funnel 漏斗,漏斗云 cumulonimbus 積雨云
disaster(calamity, catastrophe)災難
devastation 破壞
submerge 淹沒
overwhelm v.淹沒
drought 干旱
Avalanche雪崩
Balmy 溫和的
Chilly寒冷的
Frigid僵硬的,嚴格的
Heat-wave熱浪
Tepid adj.微溫的
環保
environmental protection 環境保護
environmentally-friendly 環保的
preserve v.保護,保存
污染:
pollute, pollution, pollutant contaminant n.污染物
contaminate v.污染
ecosystem生態系統 ecology n.生態學 antiseptic adj.防腐的
atmospheric pollution大氣污染 垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter
處理: dispose of, burn, bury(landfill),recycle, reduce, reuse,dump
回收:glass, paper, water,milk carton牛奶盒, tyre,aluminium cans鋁罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags
biodegradable packaging可降解包裝,throwaway 可丟棄的
disposable 可丟棄的
discourage v.不鼓勵
none-renewable 不可再生的
fossil fuels礦石燃料:
natural gas, coal, petroleum
alternative energy替代能源,replace=substitute v.取代
wind power, hydropower水電,solar(lunar)power太陽能, nuclear power核能 radioactivity n.輻射性
use up, deplete, exhaust v.用光,耗盡 conserve v.節省,節約, water / air pollution, soil pollution土壤污染, noise pollution soil erosion 土壤侵蝕 soil pollution土壤污染 stain n.污染,污點,玷污 stink v.發出臭味 tar n.焦油
toxic chemical 有毒的化學物品 fume n.煙,氣味 light pollution日光污染 refuse廢物 sewage污水 pesticide n.殺蟲劑 chemical waste化學廢料
congest v.使充滿
poaching非法打獵,盜獵, damage natural habitat破壞自然棲息地, rare breed稀有物種, endangered species瀕危物種,extinct adj.滅絕(die out, disappear), animal rights activist動物權益保護者 , natural reserve(giant panda大熊貓)自然保護區,protect wild life保護野生動物,preserve v.保護
disastrous災難性的, devastation破壞,have disastrous effect on…對。。有災難性的影響 危害植物: vegetation植被, deforestation森林消失 tropical rain forest熱帶雨林 landslide山體滑坡, mudslide泥石流 Landscape 自然風景 carbon dioxide二氧化碳, acid rain酸雨(erode腐蝕)greenhouse effect溫室效應
(worsening, deteriorate, deterioration惡化)
global warming全球變暖
unleaded petrol無鉛汽油
Green Belt綠化帶
genetically modified轉基因的
organic有機的 battery farming圈養 free-range farming放養 農業
Agricultural 農業的 Aquaculture 農業 Barn 谷倉 Cotton 棉花
Cultivate /Cultivation培養, 教養, 耕作Eggplant 茄子 Fodder 飼料 Granary 糧倉 Greenhouse 溫室 Hay 甘草 Horticulture 園藝 Conservatory 溫室 Cowshed 牛欄 Fertile 肥沃的 Garlic 大蒜 Graze 吃草,放牧 Harvest 收割 Haystack 干草堆 Husbandry 耕種 Hydroponics 水栽法
Irrigate 灌溉
Manure 成熟的 Pasture 大草場 Plantation 種植 Prolific 多產的 Seedbed 苗床,苗圃 Tractor 拖拉機
Indigenous 本土的,土產的 Livestock 家畜 Orchard 果園 Pigpen 豬圈 Poultry 禽類 Ranch 農場 Silt 淤泥 Weed 野草 Arable land耕地 Hectare公頃 Crop莊稼,農作物 Chemical fertilizer化學肥料 Wheat小麥 oat燕麥 barley大麥Acre英畝 Prospect前景
Depopulation人口減少
第三篇:四級聽力對話部分常用場景詞
四級聽力對話部分常用場景詞
學習場景
apply for 申請 business degree 商學院學位 pay your own way 自己支付各種費用
semester 學期(美國英語)term 學期(英國英語)biology 生物學 registration 注冊
course 課程 class permit 聽課證 optional course(elective course)選修課 literature class 文學課
professor 教授 lecturer 講師 barely stay awake 幾乎不能保持清醒
complicated 復雜 extra copies 多余的篇子 briefing 剪報
informative 信息量大 presentation 陳述,解釋,示范 mission 任務,使命
nervous 緊張的 contest 比賽 calm平靜的 contestant 參賽選手
a large audience 一大群觀眾 talk of the town 鎮上談論的焦點 shaking all over 渾身發抖 not a big deal 不是什么大不了的事情 beyond me 超出我的理解范圍
reading assignment 閱讀任務 selectively 有選擇地 chapter by chapter 一章一章地 theory 理論
read through 從頭到尾地讀 plot 情節 cover a few chapters 涉及了幾個章節 intensively 精細地 character 人物角色
typing errors 打字錯誤 revise 修訂 quality paper 好紙 get it published 出版 proofread 校對 paragraph 段落
final exam 期末考試 fail 不及格,失敗 mid-term 期中考試 results(pl)分數
stay up 熬夜 release 發布(分數)
two sleepless nights 兩天兩夜沒睡覺 be through with 結束,完成
交通運輸場景
fare 車票 license 駕照 rush hours 高峰時間 traffic jam 交通堵塞 overtake 超車 超過 one way street 單行道 over speed 超速 police officer 交警 ticket 罰單 fine 罰金
fast way / express way / highway 高速公路 motor way 機動車道 super way 飛機機動車道 free way 免費高速公路交通工具 plane / train / bus / bike / walk/ taxi
tunnel / channel 隧道 ring road 環線 subway(美)/ underground(英)地鐵 metro 地道/(法國)地鐵 overhead 輕軌 flyover 人行天橋
parking lot 停車場 maintain 保養 break down 拋錨 garage 修車場 scratches 刮蹭single lane 單行道 No-parking sign 禁止停車標志
bus stop 車站 passengers 乘客 crowded 擁擠的 sleeper 臥鋪view 景色 scenery 景色
機場場景
plane / craft 飛機 book 訂票 timetable 時間表 destination 目的地 passenger乘客
flight 航班 wait for further notice 等候進一步通知 captain機長 Air hostess/stewardess空姐 open ticket /one way ticket 單程票 round trip ticket 來回票 non-stop / direct flight 直航 transfer / lay over / stop over 轉機
first / business / economy cabin(class)頭等 / 商務 / 經濟 艙
confirm the flight 確認航班 check in 登記 boarding card 登機牌gate 登機口 security check 安檢 see off 送行
送別時的祝語: keep in touch 保持聯系 safe landing 安全著陸 board 登機 take off 起飛 departure 離港
safety / seat belt 安全帶 land 著陸 arrival 進港 pick up 接機
電話場景
mobile phone 手機 pay phone 公用電話 telephone box/booth 電話亭 yellow page(電話簿中刊載公司、廠商電話的)黃頁 dial(撥電話號碼)/ press(按電話號碼)extension 分機 operator 總機
put through 接通 wrong number / there is no one by this name 電話號碼錯了/ 沒有這個人 is not in/is out 不在 hold on 不要掛斷稍等
take/leave a message 留言 hang up / get off 掛斷
credit call 記賬式電話 bill the call into the 3rd party 免費電話 collect call 對方付費電話
公司場景
job vacancy 有空缺職位 letter of application 求職信 resume 簡歷 resume包括幾部分:
basic / personal info.基本信息/個人資料 academic background 教育背景 work experience 工作經驗
certificates and honors 證書和榮譽
suit 西裝
tie 領帶casual 隨便 休閑
interview 面試 offer 聘用信 work overtime 加班 ask for a raise 加錢 wage 周薪 salary 日薪 bonus獎金 allowance 津貼 annual income 年收入 promotion 升職fire 解雇 resign 辭職 work / job / career / course 工作 post / position / title 職位
職務假期休息的說法(依次是從大到小):
holiday 假日,假期 vacation 休假 annual leave 年假 sick leave 病假 rest 休息 break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 break away 離開一會
travel 出差
開會涉及詞匯:appointment 約會 move on to 繼續 confirm 確認 the next item 下一議題個
cancel 取消 presentation 陳述,解釋,示范
come in one’s place 代表某人來 replace 取代 on behalf of 代表
租房場景
live on campus 住校 live off campus 住校外
for sale 可銷售的房子 for rent / lease 可出租的房子 to let 可出租的房子 rent 租金 utilities 公用事業費
inquire about 詢問apartment 公寓(美國英語)flat 公寓(英國英語)double-bedroom 兩室的location 位置 suburb / downtown 市郊 / 市中心
condition 住房條件 furnished 配家具 unfurnished 無裝修 leaking 漏水 blackout 斷 電 environment 環境 transportation 交通
land lord 房東 land lady 房東太太 tenant 房客 roommate室友
neat 整潔的 considerate 體貼的,細心的messy / untidy 臟亂的 noisy 吵鬧的醫院場景
see a doctor 去醫院看醫生 send for a doctor 讓醫生出診 health center / clinic 衛生所 / 門診部
physician 內科醫生 surgeon 外科醫生 dentist 牙醫
make an appointment 預約 emergency 急診 check up / exam 檢查
常見疾病:cold(感冒)—— flu(流感)—— headache(頭痛)—— sore throat(嗓子痛)—— fever(發燒)—— toothache(牙疼)—— stomachache(胃疼)——dizzy 頭暈 ——have the ankle twisted 扭到腳踝——high blood pressure 高血壓 exhausted 筋疲力盡的 appetite 胃口 blood vessel 血管
prescribe 開藥方 pill / tablet 藥片 liquid 喝藥水 injection / shot 注射 operation 手術 medical result 診斷結果
郵局場景
post / send / mail 寄 letter / mail 信 registered mail 掛號信 regular mail平信 airmail 航空信 parcel / package 包裹 telegram / cable 電報 rate 費率 overweight 超重 postage 郵資
email 電子郵件 reply 回復 log in 登錄 log off 退出
forward the mail to 把郵件轉發給 forward 轉發 cc(carbon copy)抄送 bcc(blind carbon copy)秘密抄送 subject 主題 attachment 附件
天氣場景
cloud over 天陰起來 sweat 出汗
clear up 天晴起來 swing 不穩定,極端
weather forecast 天氣預報 coupled with strong wind 伴有強風 freezing 非常冷
娛樂場景
Global theatre 環球劇院 drama 戲劇 Grand theatre 大劇院 impressive 令人印象深刻的too dramatic to be true 太假了 audience 觀眾 play the boss 扮演老板 out of the way 太遠了 the greatest hit 大片 appreciate 欣賞 a long queue 長隊(be)sold out 賣完了
basketball season 籃球賽季 tennis 網球 camping 野營 badminton 羽毛球 jogging 慢跑 performance 表現 fishing 釣魚 keep fit 保持健康
餐飲/飯店場景:
Italian restaurant 意大利餐館 popular 受人喜愛的 environment 環境 crowded 擁擠的 on diet 節食 A table for four四個人的桌子, bar酒吧, beer啤酒, bill賬單, cafeteria自助餐廳, restaurant餐館, contain 含有dessert 甜點 salad 沙拉 steak 牛排, sandwich三明治, sauce醬/果醬, snack點心/零食, soft drink果汁/軟飲料, soup湯, spirit雪碧, tip小費, French fries法式炸土豆條, hamburger漢堡包, ice cream冰淇淋, to have a sweet tooth喜歡吃甜的
main dish主菜, menu菜單, pizza比薩, to dine out/ to eat out外出吃飯, to go Dutch AA制, to make a reservation預訂, to order預訂, to reserve預訂, to serve服務, whisky威士忌, chef大廚, diner吃飯的人/顧客, waiter服務生, waitress女服務員.酒店場景
Baggage cart行李車, reception desk前臺, bathroom浴室, double room雙人間, single room單人間 hotel旅館, information desk咨詢臺, inn酒館/旅館, luggage行李, motel汽車旅館, registration form注冊表/登記表, room number房間號, room service房間服務, to book預訂, to check in入住, to check out付賬后離開.Doorman看門的人/門童, receptionist前臺人員, porter行李搬運工
其他
closed 關門 open 開門 office hours / business hours / working hours 工作時間,營業時間 關于開關: power on / off 開/關 turn on / off 開/關
switch on / off 開/ 關(這個詞只能用于與電有關的開關,不能用于水龍頭之類的開關)干杯 cheers/ propose a toast to/ bottom up the best book 最好的書 the best thing 最好的事情
the last thing(I want to do)最不愿意做的事情 the last man 最不愿意見的人
best seller 暢銷 sell up 賣完,賣光 售罄 sell out賣完,賣光 售罄 / 出賣朋友或原則 sell off 低價處理庫存商品
selling machine 自動售貨機 selling point 賣點 count the days 渴望
count on = dependent / rely on依靠 依賴
count in 把……考慮在內 count for nothing 一錢不值 count for little 無足輕重 count for much 舉足輕重 count down 倒計時 count up 相加 count up to
購物:size 型號 come in all sizes 號全 model 款 discount 折扣 latest technology 最新的科技 reduce 減少
人際關系:hear from 聽到某人消息 get along 與……相處 be mad with 對某人生氣 get in touch with 和……聯系 keep in touch with 和…保持聯系 lose touch with 和…失去聯系
第四篇:聽力對話常用句型
FOLLOWSUNNY==2010冬Short Conversations 場景事件補充版
2010/06/19 11:30 A.M.Short Conversations 場景事件補充版
===Sunny即為標答,或事件相似則答案亦相似...購物:
服裝沒有完全合適的.1.The color of the suit is not appropriate.,2.The man will not find shorts in a different style.買的衣服號小去換
3.Exchange the sweater for a bigger one.去餐會穿便裝就可以
4.Casual dress will be appropriate.天冷應該穿羽絨服可沒有
5.She does not have a down jacket with her.對衣服有好品位(a good taste)
6.Bill is very particular about his clothing.買到便宜衣服很開心
7.He is pleased with his purchase.鞋打折扣才買
8.She could afford the sneakers because of a discount.衣服質量差要求refund
9.The man should try to get his money back
娛樂:
音樂會好票難買,電影和書不好看
10.She also find Peter’s Performance attractive.11.She also thinks that the performance is excellent.12.They’re really looking forward to the concert.13.They will probably not be able to get the ticket.14.The ticket will sell out quickly.去Party:
帶巧克力蛋糕
15.Bring dessert.學生沒錢
所以===
16.She knows of a less expensive hair salon
17.He can’t afford to spend that money by air.18.The plane ticket was expensive
19.She’ll eat the toast anyway.種植物:
風會刮壞植物/植物需要光
20.Move the plants away from the window.21.He wants his plants to get plenty of light.照相:
相片沒出現的原因
22.There is no film in her camera
23.The film hasn’t been processed yet
幫助:
答話位置的建議句含義=以下
24.Someone else borrowed his calculator.25.Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel.26.Her camera can’t work well now.27.It’s not far for her to carry her package.28.He does not want to deliver the note.29.Ask the graduate assistant for help.30.That they not ask Peter to drive them
31.She can’t give the man a ride.32.He wants the woman to get him a newspaper.33.She has already been shopping
34.He’ll repay the woman soon.35.Lend some money to the man.36.He can’t lend the woman any money.點餐:
37.Take the woman’s order.38.He’ll take their order soon.39.She made a mistake with the man’s order
生病:
病了要馬上看,檢查報告轉天才能拿
40.Schedule an eye exam without delay.41.The result might be ready tomorrow.42.They should wait till the next day.病了不要其他人照顧
43.He doesn’t like to bother people
對朋友的寵物過敏:.(allergic)
44.He doesn’t want to go to Cindy’s
郵局:
45.Pay the extra postage.46.Wrapping a parcel to be mailed.失物招領:
丟東西撿東西都去失物招領處
47.Ask about the book at the information desk.48.Take the briefcase to the reception desk.學校:
有噪音找管理員
49.Discuss the situation with the person in charge of the dormitory.獎學金交房租
50.He has decided how he’s going to spend the prize money.論文題目導師必須同意
61.Advisors must approve research topics.62.He(導師)is too busy to read the thesis proposal.筆記不借是因為撩草
63.Her handwriting is illegible.學習去圖書館
64.She spends a lot of time in the library
FOLLOWSUNNY2010版英語聽力段子題必考場景
2010/05/30 01:46 A.M.FOLLOWSUNNY2010版=英語聽力段子題必考的場景及詞匯總結
類別1==租房場景
1==首先辨別是租房還是買房:For lease, for rent 出租與for sale 出賣
2==房子的類型有:公寓flat, apartment, 學生宿舍dormitory(dorm), 學生旅店student hostel, 青年旅店youth hostel,還有一種叫留宿當地居民家里home stay.3==設施及其他物品有:Furnished:意為配備了家具,爐子stove, 冰箱fridge, 微波爐microwave oven, 洗衣機washing machine, 空調air-conditioner, 電風扇electric fan, 冷卻器電暖爐radiator,電爐electric stoves,枕頭pillow, 枕套和被單pillow case and bed linen, 被單被褥 sheet, 床墊mattress, 毯子blanket, towel手巾毛巾,窗簾curtain,地毯carpet
4==房子位置:Road(Rd.), Street(St.), lane小路巷, Avenue 大道
5==門廳的叫法:hall, lobby, porch 陽臺balcony,睡房bedroom, 廚房kitchen,6==租房的規律為: 離市中心越近,房價越高,位置稍偏,價錢會比較有吸引力;但便宜的房子一般有不理想的地方: not near the center, not near the railway station, far from the bus stop, near the airport, noisy, shared kitchen, insects, a stranger in the next bed, have no privacy, have to prepare some repellant令人厭煩 ,insects haunting.鬧昆蟲
類別2==圖書館場景
作品名稱,哪年出版,作者姓名,student card, library card,借出費用,幾時到期,欠款多少等 catalogue(under titles/authors/subjects)目錄 bibliography書目(籍者檢索目錄)
reference stacks書庫in circulation在書庫里call slip 借書單 loan desk 借書處
temporary card 臨時借書卡 regular card 正式借書卡 reader’s/library card借書證
out circulation借走了 lend / borrow / check out借書 renew續借
reference book 參考書 periodical(magazines and journals)定期刊物
hard cover精裝版paper back edition簡裝版back issue過期刊物current issue現刊
date slip/deadline/date of expiry期限 overdue and pay a fine過期并交罰款
renew續借 out on loan借出的 closed reserved只讀不借 not for circulation不外借
held in the closed reserved 閉館保存的inter-library loan 館際互借
classification分類 category種類 return in time及時歸還
interlibrary service圖書館際服務 open/closed shelves開架/閉架書庫
類別3==出行場景
1==度假地的選擇,交通工具的選擇,住處的選擇
make a reservation預定 confirm a reservation確認預定
book a room/table 預訂房間/飯桌 cancel one's reservation取消預定
first come, first serve先到先服務原則(即不設預訂服務)
one-way ticket單程票round-trip ticket往返票
2==出行方式:
VIP/first class頭等艙 business class商務艙 economy class經濟艙
Express way 高速公路,express train 高速列車free way 免費高速公路
flyover 人行天橋overhead 輕軌confirm the flight 確認航班
類別4==銀行場景
check(美國)cheque(英)A.T.M自動取款機 cashier收銀員the current rate 匯率loan貸款
statement 對帳單deposit 存款 mortgage 抵押 overdraft 透支 receipt收據
checking account 存款帳戶 savings account 儲蓄帳戶draw/withdraw money提款
open a student account.開個學生帳戶checkbook 支票簿
policy 存單 balance 余額deposit 存款interest 利息credit 信用
apply for a personal loan.申請個人貸款pin number/password/code密碼 credit card信用卡
open an account 開戶joint account 聯名帳戶checking/savings account活期/儲蓄帳戶
service charge 服務費cashier register 收銀機 teller 銀行職員money order 電匯
deposit account 定期存款帳戶current account 現金帳戶traveler’s check旅行支票
give the money in fives/tens換成五元或十元面額
check the present balance in my account.查詢我帳戶余額
change pounds into dollars 把英鎊兌換.成美元
類別5==學校場景
1==學校分類:public school 公立學校 private school 私立學校 religious school 教會學校
2==學校:president 校長 dean 院長 professor 教授 lecturer 講師 coordinator 管理員 doctor 博士 master 碩士 bachelor 學士 freshman 大一新生 sophomore 大二學生 junior 大三學生 senior 大四學生
3==新生報到會,一般由Admission office的Counselor來向新生介紹,新生入學及入學后大致過程:register/enroll(登記、報到)一般會到student union office,opening ceremony 開學典禮
orientation meeting(介紹會)指學校綜合情況orientation week(初到校)適應周lecture(教師作的)講演,報告
tutorial(學生發言的)討論課
4==選課:選擇級別:fundamental/elementary , intermediate , advanced選課的時間,日期Time and date申請人:applicant, enrolment,admission office
5==課程分類:Optional course 選修課 Required course 必修課
Day course 白天的課 Evening course 晚上的課
6=考試:Final exam 期終考試 middle exam 期中考試 make up 補考 test測驗 pop test 事先沒有說好的測驗 quiz 測驗 oral test 口試 draw on / in sight of / draw nearly 考試臨近
delay / be off / defer / hold up / postpone / put off / suspend考試延期或取消
類別6=看病場景
clinic診所surgeon外科醫生 vet獸醫psychiatrist/shrink心理醫生
physician/internist內科醫生 oculist/eye doctor眼科醫生 dentist牙醫mental hospital精神病醫院 symptom癥狀flu流感 feel dizzy頭暈feel chilly覺得發冷
have/catch a cold感冒 have a sore throat嗓子痛 have an operation 動手術 make an appointment預約 have a stomachache胃痛 have a fever發燒 see a doctor看病send for a doctor請醫生
have a cough咳嗽have a headache頭痛 have a toothache牙痛
vomit/throw up/nauseate嘔吐 cold cure感冒藥take one's temperature量體溫
pills藥丸eyedrops眼藥水 vitamin維他命tablet藥片
medication藥物injection注射 feel one's pulse量脈搏 take one's blood pressure量血壓
類別7==打工場景
1==信息來源
a.classified ads分類廣告 help and wanted section供求關系欄
b.bulletin board公告欄
c.flyer傳單
2==make a phone call
Is the position still available? 工作職位還仍然空缺嗎?
3==resume個人簡歷fill out= fill in = fill up填表格
certification 學歷證, ID身份證,qualification資歷,recommendation letter推薦信
4==interview面試
job vacancy 有空缺職位,letter of application 求職信,resume 簡歷,resume包括:basic / personal info.基本信息/個人資料,academic background 教育背景offer 聘用信work overtime 加班allowance 津貼annual income 年收入 sick leave 病假 promotion 升職work experience 工作經驗certificates 證書 ask for a raise 加錢 wage 周薪salary 日薪 bonus獎金
類別8==購物場景
department store
Shopping centre/shopping mall 購物中心 shop assistant/clerk店員Discount/off折扣
for free免費 out of stock 脫銷Bargain便宜貨Exchange/return找零
a clearance sale清倉甩賣 supplies生活用品 price tag價格簽 special offer/ on sale打折
bargain便宜貨formal dress/casual dress 正式著裝/休閑服 uniform制服
suit西裝down-jacket羽絨服cashier收銀員appliance家用電costume服裝
sport’s goods體育用品large/medium/small大號中號小號style/size/color款式、大小、顏色
百貨公司clothing store服裝店 supermarket 超市cart手推車
(京)寫作功能句原始版
功能句的變化:
1===Education has become an important industry,an industry that is second to none in terms of
importance to our society。
2===There is probably no issue more important to a civil society than the access to education。
3=== Education is a central part of lifelong learning nowadays and a cornerstone of today‘s
know ledge society。
4===The animal protection is time-consuming and unrewarding。
5===Over crowding has become one of the most serious social problems as a direct result of housing shortages。
6===It seems to me that the objection against animal protection is based on incorrect facts and
stereotypes。
7==It is my considered opinion that the role of art is indispensable,although its impact on our society is not always manifest。
8==As I see it,environmental protection is a central part of our effort to keep the economic
development sustainable。
9==Finding a solution to environmental problems is one of the greatest challenges that face the
scientists today。
第五篇:托福聽力習語總結
主題: 托福聽力筆記(習語總結)
托福聽力筆記(習語總結)
lose his cool失去冷靜
cool off 冷靜,天氣變冷
play it cool 冷靜
不介意:not at all, not a bit/little, not in the slightest, not in the least
-不愿讓人做某事:make sb uncomfortable to do sth
-對人寬容go easy on sb.Be lenient with.Be kind to
-擠時間做某事:get around to do sth, take time out/off from doing sth, spare time to do sth, afford time to do sth, squeeze/steal time to do
-健忘slip one's mind/memory.Have a shot memory, not good with..be terrible with..forgetful, absent-minded, scatter-brain, go in one ear and out the other.Wops.-快,馬上:in no time, by and by, on short notice, right now/away/off, in a moment/minute/second
-去哪里,朝哪里去head to/for sw, make for, leave for, set out for, be off to, be away to
-生氣:be put out with sb, be burned up at sb, get one's back up, hit/raise the roof/ceiling, be enraged, get on one's nerve, rub sb the wrong way, annoy/irritate sb.-順便看望:drop/stop/come by/over/in
-太忙heavy/busy/tight schedule
-太熱super/burning/blazing/unbearable/scorcher hot
-聽某人的建議:go by/follow/listen to one's suggestion
-一點也不奇怪:no wonder.Little surprise.-有時,偶而:occasionally, sometimes, every so often, every now and them, every once in a while, at times, from time to time, on and off.-在某方面擅長:know the stuff/ropes/tricks/one's beans
-逐步地:gradually, step by step, bit by bit, little by little, inch by inch , piece by piece, line by line, word by word.-bottom line 說話的核心,well, the bottom line is that…
-check out①檢查,詢問②借書③出院④退房
-come in handy 派上用場,會有用的-for the life of sb無論如何
-get over: ①完成作業②病全愈③忘掉(不愉快)
-go through ①用完②檢查③經歷過④辦手續
-我認為I suspect, 我確認I bet, 我估計I expect, 我不認為I doubt, 我原以為I thought, 我原以為I was hoping, 我曾經是I used to be, 我本應該I was supposed to
-on one's way 馬上出發;on the way已經在路
-pick up ①取東西②接人③買東西
-put up ①掛起②住宿
-up to :勝任:it's up to sb to do sth, sb is up to doing sth②熬夜sit/be up to do sth③達到up to sth
托福聽力筆記(聽力句型總結)
-as…as…
as cool as a cucumber, as fit as fiddle, as healthy as horse, as poor as a church mouse, as strong as an ox, as like as two peas(長得象),peas and carrots(形影不離),apples and oranges(大不相同),as proud as peacock, as changeable as moon, as punctual as a church clock, as sly as fox, as light as feather, as hungry as a wolf.-be the last thing +定從,最不希望的,最不需要的,最不愿意的。
-hasn't he, isn't it +ever/though.可不是嗎!(很同意)
-if only 要是…就好了。答案的標志是虛擬語氣和wish.-not that, not as…adj….as you think不至于那么過分吧
-不辭辛苦做某事go out of one's way to do.Take great trouble to do sth.Go extra miles to do sth.-吃驚:Jees.Boy!Man!Jesus christ!Dear me!Wow!
-對我都一樣:It makes no difference to me.Does it make any difference.What differencedoes it make.It's all the same to me.-感覺如何:What do you think of sth? How do you like sth? How do you find sth? How do you feel about sth? Would you like A or B? Do you feel like sth? Are you in a mood for anything?
-開玩笑吧:So you say.Pull my leg.-流淚my eyes swim in tears, shed tears of remorse, I can't hold back my tears
-你真了不起:You are somebody.You are a big potato.-提醒:I don't think you'll do… I was wondering if you will do sth.I don't imagine if you do.You have not done sth, have you?
-聽我說:You know why.Tell me why.-我本想做某事(但沒做)I meant to do..should have given.Was supposed to do sth.I have been meaning to..-贊同:You bet.Sure thing.And how.Isn't it though/ever.Go ahead.By all means.-責備:When will you ever do sth? Do I have to tell you? Don't I tell you sth? Why didn't you…
-怎么了?What's up/matter/wrong with sb? how have you been? How are you coming along/doing? What's new with you?
托福聽力筆記(學習場景)
1、論文
-題目難定(太大)too broad a topic
-資料難查(太多)too much material to cover
-多找教授(時間)
-打字困難(機房)機少人多,想買機
2、筆記
-考筆記be based on the lecture/notes
-字難認make out/recognize handwriting
3、考試
-永遠難was supposed to be easy
-不推遲put it off, hold off, delay, postpone
-分數低:及格passing grade,不及格failing grade,好分數perfect grade
-心里不好受down
*take-home exam開卷考試,workshop研討會, seminar研究會
4、評價教授
-小對話中(不好),段子題中(好)
-不遲到punctual/prompt,不早退,常拖堂run over time/late,-要求嚴,出題難,給分低
*聽不懂:be lost/be all at sea/in the dark
*聽懂:figure out/make sense/catch/follow words
*打瞌睡:drop off/doze off, keep watching the clock, keep counting the time.5、作業
-作業多:I've had enough of it.(I'll never have enough of it.高興語氣)
*have one's hands full, be tied up, be booked, be up to one's eyes/ears/neck with work.Have a million things to do.Study 48 hours in a day.-想遲交,不遲交:交作業hand in/ turn in, 遲交extension, 多給時間extra/more time
6、熬夜
-常熬夜:sit up, stay doing sth
-不熬夜 get out of it, wise
7、書店
-有貨沒貨in stock/ out of stock
-印,不印in /out of print
-過時out-dated, 最新的updated/current
-平裝paper back,精裝hard back
8、圖書館
-還書:recall a book, library loan, 續借renew, 傳記作者biographer, 微縮膠片 microfiche
-罰錢verdue, late return, fine , moratorium(暫停,推遲)
9、電話
-定主題,聽語氣,背套話
* 電話號碼本:yellow pages, telephone directory,干擾static,接通put through
* 占著電話tie up, be off下線斷線,過會打給你get back to sb.10、選課
-先學入門課intro/basic/prerequisite,再學高級課,教授得同意approval/permission/signiture
-三大顧慮:too much, too difficult, intro course
-課程難,心情不好
-少選明智,多選犯傻,時刻準備退課drop
托福聽力筆記(學習場景)
1、論文
-題目難定(太大)too broad a topic
-資料難查(太多)too much material to cover
-多找教授(時間)
-打字困難(機房)機少人多,想買機
2、筆記
-考筆記be based on the lecture/notes
-字難認make out/recognize handwriting
3、考試
-永遠難was supposed to be easy
-不推遲put it off, hold off, delay, postpone
-分數低:及格passing grade,不及格failing grade,好分數perfect grade
-心里不好受down
*take-home exam開卷考試,workshop研討會, seminar研究會
4、評價教授
-小對話中(不好),段子題中(好)
-不遲到punctual/prompt,不早退,常拖堂run over time/late,-要求嚴,出題難,給分低
*聽不懂:be lost/be all at sea/in the dark
*聽懂:figure out/make sense/catch/follow words
*打瞌睡:drop off/doze off, keep watching the clock, keep counting the time.5、作業
-作業多:I've had enough of it.(I'll never have enough of it.高興語氣)
*have one's hands full, be tied up, be booked, be up to one's eyes/ears/neck with work.Have a million things to do.Study 48 hours in a day.-想遲交,不遲交:交作業hand in/ turn in, 遲交extension, 多給時間extra/more time
6、熬夜
-常熬夜:sit up, stay doing sth
-不熬夜 get out of it, wise
7、書店
-有貨沒貨in stock/ out of stock
-印,不印in /out of print
-過時out-dated, 最新的updated/current
-平裝paper back,精裝hard back
8、圖書館
-還書:recall a book, library loan, 續借renew, 傳記作者biographer, 微縮膠片 microfiche
-罰錢verdue, late return, fine , moratorium(暫停,推遲)
9、電話
-定主題,聽語氣,背套話
* 電話號碼本:yellow pages, telephone directory,干擾static,接通put through
* 占著電話tie up, be off下線斷線,過會打給你get back to sb.10、選課
-先學入門課intro/basic/prerequisite,再學高級課,教授得同意approval/permission/signiture
-三大顧慮:too much, too difficult, intro course
-課程難,心情不好
-少選明智,多選犯傻,時刻準備退課drop
托福聽力筆記(學習場景)
1、論文
-題目難定(太大)too broad a topic
-資料難查(太多)too much material to cover
-多找教授(時間)
-打字困難(機房)機少人多,想買機
2、筆記
-考筆記be based on the lecture/notes
-字難認make out/recognize handwriting
3、考試
-永遠難was supposed to be easy
-不推遲put it off, hold off, delay, postpone
-分數低:及格passing grade,不及格failing grade,好分數perfect grade
-心里不好受down
*take-home exam開卷考試,workshop研討會, seminar研究會
4、評價教授
-小對話中(不好),段子題中(好)
-不遲到punctual/prompt,不早退,常拖堂run over time/late,-要求嚴,出題難,給分低
*聽不懂:be lost/be all at sea/in the dark
*聽懂:figure out/make sense/catch/follow words
*打瞌睡:drop off/doze off, keep watching the clock, keep counting the time.5、作業
-作業多:I've had enough of it.(I'll never have enough of it.高興語氣)
*have one's hands full, be tied up, be booked, be up to one's eyes/ears/neck with work.Have a million things to do.Study 48 hours in a day.-想遲交,不遲交:交作業hand in/ turn in, 遲交extension, 多給時間extra/more time
6、熬夜
-常熬夜:sit up, stay doing sth
-不熬夜 get out of it, wise
7、書店
-有貨沒貨in stock/ out of stock
-印,不印in /out of print
-過時out-dated, 最新的updated/current
-平裝paper back,精裝hard back
8、圖書館
-還書:recall a book, library loan, 續借renew, 傳記作者biographer, 微縮膠片 microfiche
-罰錢verdue, late return, fine , moratorium(暫停,推遲)
9、電話
-定主題,聽語氣,背套話
* 電話號碼本:yellow pages, telephone directory,干擾static,接通put through
* 占著電話tie up, be off下線斷線,過會打給你get back to sb.10、選課
-先學入門課intro/basic/prerequisite,再學高級課,教授得同意approval/permission/signiture
-三大顧慮:too much, too difficult, intro course
-課程難,心情不好
-少選明智,多選犯傻,時刻準備退課drop
托福聽力筆記(學習場景)
1、論文
-題目難定(太大)too broad a topic
-資料難查(太多)too much material to cover
-多找教授(時間)
-打字困難(機房)機少人多,想買機
2、筆記
-考筆記be based on the lecture/notes
-字難認make out/recognize handwriting
3、考試
-永遠難was supposed to be easy
-不推遲put it off, hold off, delay, postpone
-分數低:及格passing grade,不及格failing grade,好分數perfect grade
-心里不好受down *take-home exam開卷考試,workshop研討會, seminar研究會
4、評價教授
-小對話中(不好),段子題中(好)
-不遲到punctual/prompt,不早退,常拖堂run over time/late,-要求嚴,出題難,給分低
*聽不懂:be lost/be all at sea/in the dark
*聽懂:figure out/make sense/catch/follow words
*打瞌睡:drop off/doze off, keep watching the clock, keep counting the time.5、作業
-作業多:I've had enough of it.(I'll never have enough of it.高興語氣)
*have one's hands full, be tied up, be booked, be up to one's eyes/ears/neck with work.Have a million things to do.Study 48 hours in a day.-想遲交,不遲交:交作業hand in/ turn in, 遲交extension, 多給時間extra/more time
6、熬夜
-常熬夜:sit up, stay doing sth
-不熬夜 get out of it, wise
7、書店
-有貨沒貨in stock/ out of stock
-印,不印in /out of print
-過時out-dated, 最新的updated/current
-平裝paper back,精裝hard back