第一篇：2016 年政府工作報告中英對照版

來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

政府工作報告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

——2016年3月5日在第十二屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議上

Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress of

the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2016

國務院總理李克強

Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。

Esteemed Deputies，On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2015年工作回顧

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.過去一年，我國發展面臨多重困難和嚴峻挑戰。在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民以堅定的信心和非凡的勇氣，攻堅克難，開拓進取，經濟社會發展穩中有進、穩中有好，完成了全年主要目標任務，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得新的重大成就。

In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.——經濟運行保持在合理區間。國內生產總值達到67.7萬億元，增長6.9%，在世界主要經濟體中位居前列。糧食產量實現“十二連增”，居民消費價格漲幅保持較低水平。特別是就業形勢總體穩定，城鎮新增就業1312萬人，超過全年預期目標，成為經濟運行的一大亮點 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

--The economy operated within an appropriate range.GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row.Consumer prices grew slowly.Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year's target and becoming an economic highlight.——結構調整取得積極進展。服務業在國內生產總值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占據“半壁江山”。消費對經濟增長的貢獻率達到66.4%。高技術產業和裝備制造業增速快于一般工業。單位國內生產總值能耗下降5.6%。

--Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.——發展新動能加快成長。創新驅動發展戰略持續推進，互聯網與各行業加速融合，新興產業快速增長。大眾創業、萬眾創新蓬勃發展，全年新登記注冊企業增長21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬戶。新動能對穩就業、促升級發揮了突出作用，正在推動經濟社會發生深刻變革。

--New driving forces for development grew rapidly.Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development,the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.——人民生活進一步改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長7.4%，快于經濟增速。去年末居民儲蓄存款余額增長8.5%，新增4萬多億元。又解決6434萬農村人口飲水安全問題。扶貧攻堅力度加大，農村貧困人口減少1442萬人。

--Living standards improved.Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan.In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

科技領域一批創新成果達到國際先進水平，第三代核電技術取得重大進展，國產C919大型客機總裝下線，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎。對我國發展取得的成就，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪！

A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China's self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and TuYouyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。

These achievements in China's development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.這些成績，是在極為復雜嚴峻的國際環境中取得的。去年世界經濟增速為6年來最低，國際貿易增速更低，大宗商品價格深度下跌，國際金融市場震蕩加劇，對我國經濟造成直接沖擊和影響。

They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market.All this had a direct impact on China's economy.這些成績，是在國內深層次矛盾凸顯、經濟下行壓力加大的情況下取得的。面對“三期疊加”的局面，經濟工作遇到不少兩難甚至多難問題，需要遠近結合，趨利避害，有效應對。

They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.這些成績，是在我國經濟總量超過60萬億元的高基數上取得的。現在國內生產總值每增長1個百分點的增量，相當于5年前1.5個百分點、10年前2.5個百分點的增量。經濟規模越大，增長難度隨之增加。

Finally, they were made at a time when China's economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.在困難和壓力面前，全國各族人民付出了極大辛勞，一步一步走了過來。這再次表明，任何來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

艱難險阻都擋不住中國發展前行的步伐！

In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today.This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是著力穩增長調結構防風險，創新宏觀調控方式。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.為應對持續加大的經濟下行壓力，我們在區間調控基礎上，實施定向調控和相機調控。積極的財政政策注重加力增效，擴大結構性減稅范圍，實行普遍性降費，盤活財政存量資金。發行地方政府債券置換存量債務3.2萬億元，降低利息負擔約2000億元，減輕了地方政府償債壓力。穩健的貨幣政策注重松緊適度，多次降息降準，改革存貸比管理，創新貨幣政策工具，加大對實體經濟支持力度。擴大有效投資，設立專項基金，加強水利、城鎮棚戶區和農村危房改造、中西部鐵路和公路等薄弱環節建設。實施重點領域消費促進工程，城鄉居民旅游、網購、信息消費等快速增長。去年還積極應對股市、匯市異常波動等金融領域的多種風險挑戰，守住了不發生系統性區域性風險的底線，維護了國家經濟金融安全。

In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China's economic and financial security.二是圍繞激發市場活力，加大改革開放力度。我們不搞“大水漫灌”式的強刺激，而是持續推動結構性改革。深入推進簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革。取消和下放311項行政審批來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

事項，取消123項職業資格許可和認定事項，徹底終結了非行政許可審批。工商登記前置審批精簡85%，全面實施三證合一、一照一碼。加強事中事后監管，優化公共服務流程。群眾和企業辦事更加方便，全社會創業創新熱情日益高漲。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.財稅金融等重點改革深入推進。中央對地方專項轉移支付項目減少三分之一，一般性轉移支付規模增加。營改增穩步實施，資源稅從價計征范圍擴大。取消存款利率浮動上限，推出存款保險制度，建立人民幣跨境支付系統。價格改革力度加大，中央政府定價項目減少80%，地方政府定價項目減少一半以上。國有企業、農村、投融資、生態文明等領域改革有序推進，全面深化改革的成效正在顯現。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT.Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established.Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.We carried out state-owned enterprise(SOE)reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.堅持以開放促改革促發展。努力穩定對外貿易，調整出口退稅負擔機制，清理規范進出口環節收費，提高貿易便利化水平，出口結構發生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實行備案管理，實際使用外資1263億美元，增長5.6%。非金融類對外直接投資1180億美元，增長14.7%。推廣上海自貿試驗區經驗，新設廣東、天津、福建自貿試驗區。人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎設施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運營。簽署中韓、中澳自貿協定和中國－東盟自貿區升級議定書。“一帶一路”建設成效顯現，國際產能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國裝備走出去取得突破性進展。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.三是聚焦提質增效，推動產業創新升級。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.制定實施創新驅動發展戰略綱要和意見，出臺推動大眾創業、萬眾創新政策舉措，落實“互聯網+”行動計劃，增強經濟發展新動力。一大批創客走上創業創新之路。完善農業支持政策，促進農業發展方式加快轉變。針對工業增速下降、企業效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產業培育，一手抓傳統產業改造提升。啟動實施《中國制造2025》，設立國家新興產業創業投資引導基金、中小企業發展基金，擴大國家自主創新示范區。積極化解過剩產能，推進企業兼并重組。近三年淘汰落后煉鋼煉鐵產能9000多萬噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬重量箱、電解鋁100多萬噸。促進生產性、生活性服務業加快發展。狠抓節能減排和環境保護，各項約束性指標超額完成。公布自主減排行動目標，推動國際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。

To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented.A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations.Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model.In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones.We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring.Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum.The development of production-and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets.We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.四是著眼開拓發展空間，促進區域協調發展和新型城鎮化。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.繼續推動東、中、西、東北地區“四大板塊”協調發展，重點推進“一帶一路”建設、京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展“三大戰略”，在基礎設施、產業布局、生態環保等方面實施一批重大工程。制定實施促進西藏和四省藏區、新疆發展的政策措施。推進戶籍制度改革，出臺居住證制度，加強城鎮基礎設施建設，新型城鎮化取得新成效。

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast;priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.五是緊扣增進民生福祉，推動社會事業改革發展。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.在財力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續加大。推出新的政策，重點解決高校畢業生和就業困難群體的就業創業問題。城鎮保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬套，棚戶區住房改造開工601萬套，農村危房改造432萬戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢。加快改善貧困地區義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件，深化中小學教師職稱制度改革，重點高校招收貧困地區農村學生人數又增長10.5%。全面推開縣級公立醫院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險，建立重特大疾病醫療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補貼和重度殘疾人護理補貼制度。提高低保、優撫、企業退休人員基本養老金等標準，推行機關事業單位養老保險制度改革并完善工資制度。加強基本公共文化服務建設。廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。

Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.六是促進社會和諧穩定，推動依法行政和治理方式創新。

Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.國務院提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規8部。政務公開加快推進，推廣電子政務和網上辦事。建立重大政策落實督查問責機制，開展第三方評估。有效應對自然災害和突發事件。加強安全生產監管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點行業事故數量繼續下降。推進食品安全創建示范行動。強化社會治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動，有力維護了公共安全。

The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety;as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.我們深入開展“三嚴三實”專題教育，鍥而不舍落實黨中央八項規定精神，堅決糾正“四風”，嚴格執行國務院“約法三章”。加強行政監察和審計監督。大力推進黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.我們隆重紀念中國人民抗日戰爭暨世界反法西斯戰爭勝利70周年，集中宣示了我國作為世界反法西斯戰爭東方主戰場的歷史地位和重大貢獻，彰顯了中國人民同各國人民共護和平、共守正義的堅定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China's place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.一年來，全方位外交成果豐碩。習近平主席等國家領導人出訪多國，出席聯合國系列峰會、二十國集團領導人峰會、亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、氣候變化大會、東亞合作領導人系列會議、世界經濟論壇等重大活動。成功舉行中非合作論壇峰會、中歐領導人會晤，啟動中拉論壇。同主要大國關系取得新進展，同周邊國家務實合作深入推進，同發展中國家友好合作不斷拓展，同聯合國等國際組織和國際機制的關系全面加強，經濟外交、人文交流卓有成效。中國作為負責任大國，在國際和地區事務中發揮了重要的建設性作用。

Over the past year, China's all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders' Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States(CELAC)Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progress was made in China's relations with other major countries;pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened;friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew;relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas;and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.各位代表！

過去一年取得的成績，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央統攬全局、科學決策的結果，是全來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協力、頑強拼搏的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設事業的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people's organizations.I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.在充分肯定去年成績的同時，我們也清醒看到，我國發展中還存在不少困難和問題。受全球貿易萎縮等因素影響，去年我國進出口總額出現下降，預期增長目標未能實現。投資增長乏力，一些行業產能過剩嚴重，部分企業生產經營困難，地區和行業走勢分化，財政收支矛盾突出，資本市場基礎性制度還不完善，金融等領域存在風險隱患。人民群眾關心的醫療、教育、養老、食品藥品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面問題較多，環境污染形勢仍很嚴峻，嚴重霧霾天氣在一些地區時有發生。特別令人痛心的是，去年發生了“東方之星”號客輪翻沉事件和天津港特別重大火災爆炸等事故，人員傷亡和財產損失慘重，教訓極其深刻，必須認真汲取。政府工作還存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落實不到位，少數干部不作為、不會為、亂作為，一些領域的不正之風和腐敗問題不容忽視。我們要進一步增強憂患意識和擔當意識，下更大力氣解決這些問題，始終以民之所望為施政所向，盡心竭力做好政府工作，決不辜負人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development.With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard.Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented;a small number of 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly;and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance;we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.各位代表！

2015年是“十二五”收官之年。過去五年，我國發展成就舉世矚目。黨的十八大以來，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，面對錯綜復雜的國際環境和艱巨繁重的國內改革發展穩定任務，我們繼續堅持穩中求進工作總基調，深化改革開放，實施一系列利當前、惠長遠的重大舉措，“十二五”規劃確定的主要目標任務全面完成。

Esteemed Deputies，The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China's development.Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.一是經濟持續較快發展。國內生產總值年均增長7.8%，經濟總量穩居世界第二位，成為全球第一貨物貿易大國和主要對外投資大國。

First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.During this period, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world's second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.二是結構調整取得標志性進展。服務業成為第一大產業，工業化與信息化融合加深，農業綜合生產能力明顯增強。消費成為支撐經濟增長的主要力量。超過一半人口居住在城鎮。單位國內生產總值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量減少12%以上。

Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China's population 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.Note:

* To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline;and to be honest in one's thinking, one's work, and one's behavior.三是基礎設施水平全面躍升。鐵路營業里程達到12.1萬公里，其中高速鐵路超過1.9萬公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通車里程超過12萬公里。南水北調東、中線工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移動通信網絡。

Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world's total.The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world's largest 4G mobile network was built in China.四是科技創新實現重大突破。量子通信、中微子振蕩、高溫鐵基超導等基礎研究取得一批原創性成果，載人航天、探月工程、深海探測等項目達到世界先進水平。

Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research.World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.五是人民生活水平顯著提高。居民收入增長快于經濟增長，城鄉收入差距持續縮小。城鎮新增就業人數超過6400萬人。城鎮保障性安居工程住房建設4013萬套，上億群眾喜遷新居。農村貧困人口減少1億多，解決3億多農村人口飲水安全問題。

Fifth, living standards improved significantly.Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed.Over 64 million urban jobs were created.Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people.The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.六是社會發展成就斐然。教育公平和質量明顯提升。基本醫療保險實現全覆蓋，基本養老保險參保率超過80%。文化軟實力持續提升。依法治國全面推進。中國特色軍事變革成就顯著。經過五年努力，我國經濟實力、科技實力、國防實力、國際影響力又上了一個大臺階。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China's soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.“十二五”時期的輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國特色社會主義的巨大優越性，集中展現了中國人民的無窮創造力，極大增強了中華民族的自信心和凝聚力，必將激勵全國各族人民在實現“兩個一百年”奮斗目標的新征程上奮力前行！

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

二、“十三五”時期主要目標任務和重大舉措

Esteemed Deputies，Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020.根據《中共中央關于制定國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃的建議》，國務院編制了《國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會審查。

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this session for your review and approval.《綱要草案》緊緊圍繞全面建成小康社會奮斗目標，針對發展不平衡、不協調、不可持續等突出問題，強調要牢固樹立和貫徹落實創新、協調、綠色、開放、共享的發展理念，明確了今后五年經濟社會發展的主要目標任務，提出了一系列支撐發展的重大政策、重大工程和重大項目，突出了以下六個方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

shared development.It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects.The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.——保持經濟中高速增長，推動產業邁向中高端水平。實現全面建成小康社會目標，到2020年國內生產總值和城鄉居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”時期經濟年均增長保持在6.5%以上。加快推進產業結構優化升級，實施一批技術水平高、帶動能力強的重大工程。到2020年，先進制造業、現代服務業、戰略性新興產業比重大幅提升，全員勞動生產率從人均8.7萬元提高到12萬元以上。屆時，我國經濟總量超過90萬億元，發展的質量和效益明顯提高。在我們這樣一個人口眾多的發展中國家，這將是非常了不起的成就。

--We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China's aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.——強化創新引領作用，為發展注入強大動力。創新是引領發展的第一動力，必須擺在國家發展全局的核心位置，深入實施創新驅動發展戰略。啟動一批新的國家重大科技項目，建設一批高水平的國家科學中心和技術創新中心，培育壯大一批有國際競爭力的創新型領軍企業，建設一批全面創新改革試驗區。持續推動大眾創業、萬眾創新。促進大數據、云計算、物聯網廣泛應用。加快建設質量強國、制造強國、知識產權強國。到2020年，力爭在基礎研究、應用研究和戰略前沿領域取得重大突破，全社會研發經費投入強度達到2.5%，科技進步對經濟增長的貢獻率達到60%，邁進創新型國家和人才強國行列。

--We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China's development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China's investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.——推進新型城鎮化和農業現代化，促進城鄉區域協調發展。縮小城鄉區域差距，既是調整經濟結構的重點，也是釋放發展潛力的關鍵。要深入推進以人為核心的新型城鎮化，實現1億左右農業轉移人口和其他常住人口在城鎮落戶，完成約1億人居住的棚戶區和城中村改造，引導約1億人在中西部地區就近城鎮化。到2020年，常住人口城鎮化率達到60%、戶籍人口城鎮化率達到45%。

--We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment;it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China's population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.實施一批水利、農機、現代種業等工程，推動農業適度規模經營和區域化布局、標準化生產、社會化服務。到2020年，糧食等主要農產品供給和質量安全得到更好保障，農業現代化水平明顯提高，新農村建設取得新成效。

We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.以區域發展總體戰略為基礎，以“三大戰略”為引領，形成沿海沿江沿線經濟帶為主的縱向橫向經濟軸帶，培育一批輻射帶動力強的城市群和增長極。加強重大基礎設施建設，高鐵營業里程達到3萬公里、覆蓋80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通車里程約3萬公里，實現城鄉寬帶網絡全覆蓋。

Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

development of surrounding areas.We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People's Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.——推動形成綠色生產生活方式，加快改善生態環境。堅持在發展中保護、在保護中發展，持續推進生態文明建設。深入實施大氣、水、土壤污染防治行動計劃，劃定生態空間保護紅線，推進山水林田湖生態工程，加強生態保護和修復。今后五年，單位國內生產總值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分別下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆蓋率達到23.04%，能源資源開發利用效率大幅提高，生態環境質量總體改善。特別是治理大氣霧霾取得明顯進展，地級及以上城市空氣質量優良天數比率超過80%。我們要持之以恒，建設天藍、地綠、水清的美麗中國。

--We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country's total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.——深化改革開放，構建發展新體制。發展根本上要靠改革開放。必須全面深化改革，堅持和完善基本經濟制度，建立現代產權制度，基本建成法治政府，使市場在資源配置中起決定性作用和更好發揮政府作用，加快形成引領經濟發展新常態的體制機制和發展方式。“一帶一路”建設取得重大進展，國際產能合作實現新的突破。對外貿易向優進優出轉變，服務貿易比重顯著提升，從貿易大國邁向貿易強國。全面實行準入前國民待遇加負面清單管理制度，來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

逐步構建高標準自由貿易區網絡，基本形成開放型經濟新體制新格局。

--We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China's transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.——持續增進民生福祉，使全體人民共享發展成果。堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，努力補齊基本民生保障的短板，朝著共同富裕方向穩步前進。堅決打贏脫貧攻堅戰，我國現行標準下的農村貧困人口實現脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區域性整體貧困。

--We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.建立國家基本公共服務項目清單。建立健全更加公平更可持續的社會保障制度。實施義務教育學校標準化、普及高中階段教育、建設世界一流大學和一流學科等工程，勞動年齡人口平均受教育年限從10.23年提高到10.8年。

We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services.We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems.We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.實現城鎮新增就業5000萬人以上。完善收入分配制度，縮小收入差距，提高中等收入人口來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

比重。完善住房保障體系，城鎮棚戶區住房改造2000萬套。

We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs.We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace.We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.推進健康中國建設，人均預期壽命提高1歲。積極應對人口老齡化。構建現代公共文化服務體系，實施公民道德建設、中華文化傳承等工程。我們既要讓人民的物質生活更殷實，又要讓人民的精神生活更豐富。

We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy.We need to respond proactively to population aging.We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving.These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.做好“十三五”時期經濟社會發展工作，實現全面建成小康社會目標，必須著力把握好三點。

To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

一是牢牢抓住發展第一要務不放松。發展是硬道理，是解決我國所有問題的關鍵。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要階段，各種矛盾和風險明顯增多。發展如逆水行舟，不進則退。必須毫不動搖堅持以經濟建設為中心，推動科學發展，妥善應對風險挑戰，使中國經濟這艘巨輪破浪遠航。

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.二是大力推進結構性改革。當前發展中總量問題與結構性問題并存，結構性問題更加突出，要用改革的辦法推進結構調整。在適度擴大總需求的同時，突出抓好供給側結構性改革，既做減法，又做加法，減少無效和低端供給，擴大有效和中高端供給，增加公共產品和公共服務供給，使供給和需求協同促進經濟發展，提高全要素生產率，不斷解放和發展社會生產力。

Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures.The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures.While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others.This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium-and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity.This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.三是加快新舊發展動能接續轉換。經濟發展必然會有新舊動能迭代更替的過程，當傳統動能由強變弱時，需要新動能異軍突起和傳統動能轉型，形成新的“雙引擎”，才能推動經濟持續增長、躍上新臺階。當前我國發展正處于這樣一個關鍵時期，必須培育壯大新動能，加快發展新經濟。要推動新技術、新產業、新業態加快成長，以體制機制創新促進分享經濟發展，建設共享平臺，做大高技術產業、現代服務業等新興產業集群，打造動力強勁的新引擎。運用信息網絡等現代技術，推動生產、管理和營銷模式變革，重塑產業鏈、供應鏈、價值鏈，改造提升傳統動能，使之煥發新的生機與活力。

Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones.As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed;only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth.This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy.We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.從根本上說，發展的不竭力量蘊藏在人民群眾之中。9億多勞動力、1億多受過高等教育和有專業技能的人才，是我們最大的資源和優勢。實現新舊動能轉換，推動發展轉向更多依靠人力人才資源和創新，既是一個伴隨陣痛的調整過程，也是一個充滿希望的升級過程。只要闖過這個關口，中國經濟就一定能夠浴火重生、再創輝煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength.Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment.But it is at the same 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

time an upgrading process with great promise.We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.展望今后五年，我們充滿必勝信心。如期實現全面建成小康社會目標，人民生活將會更加美好，中國特色社會主義事業前景一定會更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.三、2016年重點工作

I now want to discuss the major areas of work for 2016.今年是全面建成小康社會決勝階段的開局之年，也是推進結構性改革的攻堅之年。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government's goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

做好政府工作，必須高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，全面貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中全會精神，以鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀為指導，深入貫徹總書記系列重要講話精神，按照“五位一體”總體布局和“四個全面”戰略布局，堅持改革開放，堅持以新發展理念引領發展，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，適應經濟發展新常態，實行宏觀政策要穩、產業政策要準、微觀政策要活、改革政策要實、社會政策要托底的總體思路，把握好穩增長與調結構的平衡，保持經濟運行在合理區間，著力加強供給側結構性改革，加快培育新的發展動能，改造提升傳統比較優勢，抓好去產能、去庫存、去杠桿、降成本、補短板，加強民生保障，切實防控風險，努力實現“十三五”時期經濟社會發展良好開局。

--hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

--implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

--follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

--put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses;

--work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;* 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

--continue reform and opening up;

--follow the new vision of development;

--follow the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable;

--adapt to the new normal in economic development;

--follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

--maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

--ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

--strengthen supply-side structural reform;

--accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

--strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

--cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness;

--strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

--prevent and control risks.今年發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長6.5%－7%，居民消費價格漲幅3%左右，城鎮新增就業1000萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率4.5%以內，進出口回穩向好，國際收支基本平衡，居民收入增長和經濟增長基本同步。單位國內生產總值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放繼續減少。

By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

--GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

--CPI increase kept at around 3%;

--creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

--registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

--a steady rise in import and export volumes;

--a basic balance in international payments;

--increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

--a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

--further reductions in the release of major pollutants.經濟增長預期目標6.5%－7%，考慮了與全面建成小康社會目標相銜接，考慮了推進結構性改革的需要，也有利于穩定和引導市場預期。穩增長主要是為了保就業、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能夠實現比較充分的就業。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people's wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.綜合分析各方面情況，今年我國發展面臨的困難更多更大、挑戰更為嚴峻，我們要做打硬仗的充分準備。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.從國際看，世界經濟深度調整、復蘇乏力，國際貿易增長低迷，金融和大宗商品市場波動不定，地緣政治風險上升，外部環境的不穩定不確定因素增加，對我國發展的影響不可低估。

Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover;growth in trade is weak;there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets;geopolitical risks are rising;and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China's external environment.We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China's development.從國內看，長期積累的矛盾和風險進一步顯現，經濟增速換擋、結構調整陣痛、新舊動能轉換相互交織，經濟下行壓力加大。

Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident;the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties associated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems;and 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

downward pressure on the economy is growing.但困難和挑戰并不可怕。中國的發展從來都是在應對挑戰中前進的，沒有過不去的坎。經過多年的快速發展，我國物質基礎雄厚，經濟韌性強、潛力足、回旋余地大，改革開放不斷注入新動力，創新宏觀調控積累了豐富經驗。特別是我們有中國共產黨的堅強領導和中國特色社會主義制度，中國人民勤勞智慧。只要我們萬眾一心，共克時艱，就一定能夠實現全年經濟社會發展目標。

But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges.China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges;there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation.In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking.As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.今年要重點做好八個方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）穩定和完善宏觀經濟政策，保持經濟運行在合理區間。我們宏觀調控還有創新手段和政策儲備，既要立足當前、有針對性地出招，頂住經濟下行壓力，又要著眼長遠、留有后手、謀勢蓄勢。繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，創新宏觀調控方式，加強區間調控、定向調控、相機調控，統籌運用財政、貨幣政策和產業、投資、價格等政策工具，采取結構性改革尤其是供給側結構性改革舉措，為經濟發展營造良好環境。

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal.On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward pressure on the economy.On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.積極的財政政策要加大力度。今年擬安排財政赤字2.18萬億元，比去年增加5600億元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央財政赤字1.4萬億元，地方財政赤字7800億元。安排地方專項債券4000億元，繼續發行地方政府置換債券。我國財政赤字率和政府負債率在世界主要經來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

濟體中相對較低，這樣的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

--We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be issued.China's deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies;such steps are necessary, feasible, and also safe.適度擴大財政赤字，主要用于減稅降費，進一步減輕企業負擔。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.今年將采取三項舉措。一是全面實施營改增，從5月1日起，將試點范圍擴大到建筑業、房地產業、金融業、生活服務業，并將所有企業新增不動產所含增值稅納入抵扣范圍，確保所有行業稅負只減不增。二是取消違規設立的政府性基金，停征和歸并一批政府性基金，擴大水利建設基金等免征范圍。

The following three measures will be adopted this year.First, business tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors.Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished;the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated;and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.三是將18項行政事業性收費的免征范圍，從小微企業擴大到所有企業和個人。

Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businesses will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

實施上述政策，今年將比改革前減輕企業和個人負擔5000多億元。同時，適當增加必要的財政支出和政府投資，加大對民生等薄弱環節的支持。創新財政支出方式，優化財政支出結構，該保的一定要保住，該減的一定要減下來。

Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year.At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening.We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.加快財稅體制改革。推進中央與地方事權和支出責任劃分改革，合理確定增值稅中央和地方分享比例。把適合作為地方收入的稅種下劃給地方，在稅政管理權限方面給地方適當放權。進一步壓縮中央專項轉移支付規模，今年一般性轉移支付規模增長12.2%。全面推開資源稅從價計征改革。依法實施稅收征管。建立規范的地方政府舉債融資機制，對財政實力強、債務風險較低的，按法定程序適當增加債務限額。各級政府要堅持過緊日子，把每一筆錢都花在明處、用在實處。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up.We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately.Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers.Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year's general transfer payments will be increased by 12.2%.We will extend ad valorem rates to all resource taxes.We will promote the law-based administration of tax collection.We will establish a well-regulated mechanism for local governments to secure financing through bond issuance and make moderate upward adjustments to debt ceilings for local governments with strong financial resources and low debt risks through statutory procedures.Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and spend every sum of money where it can be seen and where it's most needed.穩健的貨幣政策要靈活適度。今年廣義貨幣M2預期增長13%左右，社會融資規模余額增長13%左右。要統籌運用公開市場操作、利率、準備金率、再貸款等各類貨幣政策工具，保持流動性合理充裕，疏通傳導機制，降低融資成本，加強對實體經濟特別是小微企業、“三農”等支持。

--We will pursue prudent monetary policy that is flexible and appropriate.Both the M2 money supply and aggregate financing in the economy are forecasted to grow by around 13% in 2016.We will use a full range of monetary policy tools including open market operations, interest rates, required reserve ratios, and re-lending to maintain sufficient liquidity at a proper level, improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, and reduce financing costs.We will provide more support for the real economy, particularly for small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

深化金融體制改革。加快改革完善現代金融監管體制，提高金融服務實體經濟效率，實現金融風險監管全覆蓋。深化利率市場化改革。繼續完善人民幣匯率市場化形成機制，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上基本穩定。深化國有商業銀行和開發性、政策性金融機構改革，發展民營銀行，啟動投貸聯動試點。推進股票、債券市場改革和法治化建設，促進多層次資本市場健康發展，提高直接融資比重。適時啟動“深港通”。建立巨災保險制度。規范發展互聯網金融。大力發展普惠金融和綠色金融。加強全口徑外債宏觀審慎管理。扎緊制度籠子，整頓規范金融秩序，嚴厲打擊金融詐騙、非法集資和證券期貨領域的違法犯罪活動，堅決守住不發生系統性區域性風險的底線。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector.We will move faster in the reform to improve the modern financial regulatory system and ensure that the financial sector serves the real economy more efficiently and that regulation covers all financial risks.Interest rates will be further liberalized.Improvements will be made to the market-based mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate to ensure it remains generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will deepen reform of state-owned commercial banks as well as development and policy-backed financial institutions, develop private banks, and launch trials to allow commercial banks to participate in combined debt-equity investments into startups and small businesses.We will move forward with the reform of stock and bond markets and increase the level of rule of law in their development, promote the sound development of the multilevel capital market, and ensure that the proportion of direct financing is increased.The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect will be launched at an appropriate time.A catastrophe insurance system will be established.We will work to see that Internet finance develops in line with regulations, and we will make a major push to develop inclusive and green finance.We will strengthen unified, macroprudential management of foreign debt.We will tighten institutional constraints, safeguard order in the financial sector, crack down on financial fraud, illegal fundraising, and unlawful and criminal activities in the securities and futures markets, and make sure that no systemic or regional financial risks arise.（二）加強供給側結構性改革，增強持續增長動力。圍繞解決重點領域的突出矛盾和問題，加快破除體制機制障礙，以供給側結構性改革提高供給體系的質量和效率，進一步激發市場活力和社會創造力。

2.Strengthen supply-side structural reform to drive sustained growth

To solve acute problems in key areas, we must work faster to remove institutional obstacles and carry out supply-side structural reform to improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and further stimulate market vitality and the creativity of society.推動簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革向縱深發展。以敬民之心，行簡政之道，切實轉變政府職能、提高效能。繼續大力削減行政審批事項，注重解決放權不同步、不協調、不到位問題，對下放的審批事項，要讓地方能接得住、管得好。深化商事制度改革，開展證照分離試點。

--We will deepen reforms to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

and provide better services.With the people in mind, we will streamline administration, transform the functions of the government, and improve its performance.As we continue to cancel the requirement of government review for more matters, we will focus on addressing unsynchronized, uncoordinated, and incomplete delegation of powers and make sure that local governments to which powers of review have been delegated are able to properly exercise those powers.We will deepen reform of the business system and launch trials to separate operating permits and business licenses.全面公布地方政府權力和責任清單，在部分地區試行市場準入負面清單制度。對行政事業性收費、政府定價或指導價經營服務性收費、政府性基金、國家職業資格，實行目錄清單管理。加快建設統一開放、競爭有序的市場體系，打破地方保護。深化價格改革，加強價格監管。

We will release the lists of all powers and responsibilities of local governments, and begin piloting a negative list for market access in some regions.We will draw up lists and catalogues to manage administrative charges, business fees and charges set by the government or set under its guidance, government-managed funds, and professional qualifications recognized by the state.We will move faster to establish a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, and put an end to local protectionism.We will deepen pricing reform and tighten up supervision of prices.修改和廢止有礙發展的行政法規和規范性文件。創新事中事后監管方式，全面推行“雙隨機、一公開”監管，隨機抽取檢查對象，隨機選派執法檢查人員，及時公布查處結果。推進綜合行政執法改革，實施企業信用信息統一歸集、依法公示、聯合懲戒、社會監督。

We will revise or abolish any administrative regulations and normative documents that are holding back development.We will develop new ways of conducting oversight over the whole process of business operations, and introduce across the board an oversight model drawing on random inspections by randomly selected law enforcement officers or inspectors and requiring the prompt release of results.We will implement the reform for coordinated administrative law enforcement and adopt a unified approach to gathering information on enterprise credit, release such information in accordance with the law, ensure joint punitive action is taken where necessary, and encourage public oversight.大力推行“互聯網+政務服務”，實現部門間數據共享，讓居民和企業少跑腿、好辦事、不添堵。簡除煩苛，禁察非法，使人民群眾有更平等的機會和更大的創造空間。

We will carry out the “Internet Plus government services” model and promote better information sharing between government departments, so that the public and businesses need to make fewer visits to government departments to get things done, find procedures simpler, and find the service satisfactory.We will cut red tape and root out illegalities to ensure that the people have more equal opportunities and greater space for creativity.充分釋放全社會創業創新潛能。著力實施創新驅動發展戰略，促進科技與經濟深度融合，提高實體經濟的整體素質和競爭力。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

--We will ensure that the whole country's potential for starting businesses and making innovations is released.We will implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy, and improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy.一是強化企業創新主體地位。落實企業研發費用加計扣除和加速折舊政策，完善高新技術企業、科技企業孵化器等稅收優惠政策。支持行業領軍企業建設高水平研發機構。加快將國家自主創新示范區試點政策推廣到全國，再建設一批國家自主創新示范區、高新區。

First, we will ensure that enterprises lead in making innovations.We will implement additional tax deductions for their research and development, accelerate the depreciation of their fixed assets, and increase tax policy support for high-tech enterprises and science and technology business incubators.We will support leading enterprises in building top-level research and development institutions.We will move faster to achieve nationwide implementation of the policy of national innovation demonstration zones, and establish another set of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech development zones.二是發揮大眾創業、萬眾創新和“互聯網+”集眾智匯眾力的乘數效應。打造眾創、眾包、眾扶、眾籌平臺，構建大中小企業、高校、科研機構、創客多方協同的新型創業創新機制。建設一批“雙創”示范基地，培育創業創新服務業，規范發展天使、創業、產業等投資。支持分享經濟發展，提高資源利用效率，讓更多人參與進來、富裕起來。實施更積極、更開放、更有效的人才引進政策。加強知識產權保護和運用，依法嚴厲打擊侵犯知識產權和制假售假行為。

Second, we will help people to pool their ideas and talents through a synergy of business startups, innovation, and the Internet Plus.Platforms will be created for crowd innovation, crowd support, crowdsourcing, and crowdfunding, and mechanisms will be built to encourage new types of business startups and innovation-making through cooperation between enterprises, institutions of higher learning, research institutes, and makers.We will establish demonstration centers for business startups and innovation, foster a business startup and innovation service industry, and ensure angel investment, venture capital, industrial investment, and other investment develop in accordance with regulations.We will give our support to the development of a sharing economy and see that resources are used more efficiently and that more people take part and benefit.We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies to attract talent from overseas.We will strengthen the protection and use of intellectual property rights and look to the law to crack down on the infringement of these rights and on the production and sale of counterfeit products.三是深化科技管理體制改革。擴大高校和科研院所自主權，砍掉科研管理中的繁文縟節。實施支持科技成果轉移轉化的政策措施，完善股權期權稅收優惠政策和分紅獎勵辦法，鼓勵科研人員創業創新。大力弘揚創新文化，厚植創新沃土，營造敢為人先、寬容失敗的良好氛圍，充分激發企業家精神，調動全社會創業創新積極性，匯聚成推動發展的磅礴力量。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

Third, we will deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology.Greater autonomy will be given to universities and research institutes, and red tape will be cut in the management of research projects.Policies and measures will be implemented to support the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, and tax incentives for stocks and options, and profit sharing and bonus plans will be improved to encourage researchers to start businesses and make innovations.We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.I am sure that these initiatives will inspire entrepreneurialism and motivate our society to start businesses and make innovations, and thus create a powerful force to drive development.著力化解過剩產能和降本增效。重點抓好鋼鐵、煤炭等困難行業去產能，堅持市場倒逼、企業主體、地方組織、中央支持，運用經濟、法律、技術、環保、質量、安全等手段，嚴格控制新增產能，堅決淘汰落后產能，有序退出過剩產能。采取兼并重組、債務重組或破產清算等措施，積極穩妥處置“僵尸企業”。完善財政、金融等支持政策，中央財政安排1000億元專項獎補資金，重點用于職工分流安置。采取綜合措施，降低企業交易、物流、財務、用能等成本，堅決遏制涉企亂收費，對違規行為要嚴肅查處。

--We will ensure that overcapacity is cut, costs are lowered, and business performance is improved.We will focus on addressing the overcapacity in the steel, coal, and other industries facing difficulties.In this process, the market should serve as a check, enterprises should be the major actors, local governments should play a coordinating role, and the central government should provide support.We will use economic, legal, technological, environmental, quality inspection, and safety-related means to strictly control the expansion of production capacity, shut down outdated production facilities, and eliminate overcapacity in a planned way.We will address the issue of “zombie enterprises” proactively yet prudently by using measures such as mergers, reorganizations, debt restructurings, and bankruptcy liquidations.Fiscal, financial, and other policies will be improved to support this work.One hundred billion yuan in rewards and subsidies will be provided by the central government, which will be mainly used to resettle employees laid off from these enterprises.We will take a full range of measures to reduce the transaction, logistics, financial, and energy consumption costs of enterprises, and work to put a stop to the collection of arbitrary and unwarranted fees from enterprises and be strict about investigating and punishing violations of regulations.努力改善產品和服務供給。突出抓好三個方面。

We will concentrate our efforts on the following three areas:

一是提升消費品品質。加快質量安全標準與國際標準接軌，建立商品質量懲罰性賠償制度。鼓勵企業開展個性化定制、柔性化生產，培育精益求精的工匠精神，增品種、提品質、創品牌。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

--We will work to ensure the supply of goods and services is improved.First, we will see that the quality of consumer goods is improved.We will move faster to bring domestic quality and safety standards in line with international standards, and establish a system for making producers pay punitive compensation for failing to meet product quality standards.We will also encourage enterprises to use flexible and custom-tailored production processes and foster a craftsmanship spirit of striving for the best, so that more types of products, products of a higher quality, and brand products will be made.二是促進制造業升級。深入推進“中國制造+互聯網”，建設若干國家級制造業創新平臺，實施一批智能制造示范項目，啟動工業強基、綠色制造、高端裝備等重大工程，組織實施重大技術改造升級工程。

Second, we will work to upgrade manufacturing.We will intensify efforts to promote the integrated development of Made in China 2025 and the Internet Plus action plan;build national platforms for innovation in manufacturing;carry out demonstration programs in smart manufacturing;launch projects to build a more solid foundation for industry development, promote green manufacturing, and develop high-end equipment;and carry out major technological transformation and upgrading initiatives.三是加快現代服務業發展。啟動新一輪國家服務業綜合改革試點，實施高技術服務業創新工程，大力發展數字創意產業。放寬市場準入，提高生產性服務業專業化、生活性服務業精細化水平。建設一批光網城市，推進5萬個行政村通光纖，讓更多城鄉居民享受數字化生活。

Third, we will accelerate the development of the modern service sector.We will launch a new round of national pilot projects for all-round service sector reform as well as projects to promote innovation in high-tech services, and channel great efforts into developing the digital creative industries.We will relax restrictions on market access to the service sector, and ensure greater specialization in producer services and higher refinement in consumer services.Fiber-optic networks will be developed in a number of cities and 50,000 administrative villages will be linked up to fiber-optic networks, thus enabling more urban and rural residents to enjoy a more digital way of life.大力推進國有企業改革。今明兩年，要以改革促發展，堅決打好國有企業提質增效攻堅戰。推動國有企業特別是中央企業結構調整，創新發展一批，重組整合一批，清理退出一批。推進股權多元化改革，開展落實企業董事會職權、市場化選聘經營者、職業經理人制度、混合所有制、員工持股等試點。深化企業用人制度改革，探索建立與市場化選任方式相適應的高層次人才和企業經營管理者薪酬制度。加快改組組建國有資本投資、運營公司。以管資本為主推進國有資產監管機構職能轉變，防止國有資產流失，實現國有資產保值增值。賦予地方更多國有企業改革自主權。加快剝離國有企業辦社會職能，解決歷史遺留問題，讓國有企業瘦身健體，增強核心競爭力。

--We will push for progress in SOE reform.來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

This year and next, we will use reform to promote the development of SOEs and push hard to ensure success in upgrading them and improving their performance.We will prompt SOEs, especially those managed by the central government, to make structural adjustments so that some will be developed through innovation, others will be reorganized or merged, and still others will exit the market.We will carry out reforms to diversify their types of equity and introduce on a trial basis the assumption of powers and responsibilities by corporate boards of directors, competitive open selection and recruitment of executives, recruitment of professional managers, mixed ownership, and employee equity stakes.We will deepen the reform of the enterprise personnel management system and explore the possibility of establishing remuneration systems for senior ranking personnel and corporate executives that are compatible with competitive selection and recruitment.We will work faster to establish state capital investment and management companies through reorganization.To prevent the loss of state assets and ensure their value is maintained or increased, we will encourage state-owned asset supervisory and management authorities to shift their focus to the use of state capital.Local governments will be granted more power over SOE reform.We will move more quickly to relieve SOEs of their obligations to operate social programs and resolve their other longstanding issues, enabling them to become leaner and healthier and to increase their core competitiveness.更好激發非公有制經濟活力。大幅放寬電力、電信、交通、石油、天然氣、市政公用等領域市場準入，消除各種隱性壁壘，鼓勵民營企業擴大投資、參與國有企業改革。在項目核準、融資服務、財稅政策、土地使用等方面一視同仁。依法平等保護各種所有制經濟產權，嚴肅查處侵犯非公有制企業及非公有制經濟人士合法權益的行為，營造公平、公正、透明、穩定的法治環境，構建新型政商關系，促進各類企業各展其長、共同發展。

--We will energize the non-public sector.We will significantly relax restrictions on entry into markets such as electricity, telecommunications, transport, petroleum, natural gas, and municipal public utilities, remove hidden barriers, and encourage private companies to increase investment in these areas and participate in SOE reform.In these fields, private companies will enjoy the same treatment afforded to SOEs in terms of project verification and approval, financing, fiscal and tax policies, and land availability.We will, in accordance with the law, provide equal protection to the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership;and we will ensure that, without fail, infringements on the legitimate rights and interests of non-public sector enterprises and individuals are investigated and prosecuted.We will create a rule of law environment that is fair, just, transparent, and stable and establish new government-business relations to help all types of enterprises develop side by side based on their own respective strengths.（三）深挖國內需求潛力，開拓發展更大空間。適度擴大需求總量，積極調整改革需求結構，促進供給需求有效對接、投資消費有機結合、城鄉區域協調發展，形成對經濟發展穩定而持久的內需支撐。

3.Tap the potential of domestic demand to increase the space for development 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

We will work to achieve a moderate expansion of aggregate demand, adjust and reform the composition of demand, strive for better alignment between supply and demand and between investment and consumption, and work to achieve greater balance in the development of urban and rural areas and of different regions.This will create steady and long-term domestic demand to sustain economic development.增強消費拉動經濟增長的基礎作用。適應消費升級趨勢，破除政策障礙，優化消費環境，維護消費者權益。支持發展養老、健康、家政、教育培訓、文化體育等服務消費。壯大網絡信息、智能家居、個性時尚等新興消費。促進線上線下協調互動、平等競爭，推動實體商業創新轉型。完善物流配送網絡，促進快遞業健康發展。活躍二手車市場，大力發展和推廣以電動汽車為主的新能源汽車，加快建設城市停車場和充電設施。在全國開展消費金融公司試點，鼓勵金融機構創新消費信貸產品。降低部分消費品進口關稅，增設免稅店。落實帶薪休假制度，加強旅游交通、景區景點、自駕車營地等設施建設，規范旅游市場秩序，迎接正在興起的大眾旅游時代。

--We will strengthen the foundational role of consumption in promoting economic growth.To adapt to the trend toward high-end consumption, we will remove policy barriers, improve the consumer environment, and safeguard the rights and interests of consumers.We will support the growth of consumption in elderly care, health services, housekeeping services, educational and training services, and cultural and sports services.We will work to strengthen the growth of emerging areas of consumption such as information goods and services, smart homes, and personalized fashion.We will promote coordination, interaction, and fair competition between the online and the offline and encourage physical stores to transform themselves through innovation.We will help ensure the improvement of logistics networks and the healthy development of express delivery services.We will work to stimulate the second-hand car market, channel great effort into developing and promoting the use of new-energy vehicles, particularly electric vehicles, and move faster to build urban car parks and install charging facilities.We will carry out nationwide trials to set up consumer financing companies and encourage financial institutions to develop new consumer credit products.We will cut import tariffs on some consumer goods and increase the number of duty-free stores.We will ensure people are able to take their paid vacations, strengthen the development of tourist and transport facilities, scenic spots and tourist sites, and recreational vehicle parks, and see that the tourist market operates in line with regulations.With these efforts, we will usher in a new era of mass tourism.發揮有效投資對穩增長調結構的關鍵作用。我國基礎設施和民生領域有許多短板，產業亟需改造升級，有效投資仍有很大空間。今年要啟動一批“十三五”規劃重大項目。完成鐵路投資8000億元以上、公路投資1.65萬億元，再開工20項重大水利工程，建設水電核電、特高壓輸電、智能電網、油氣管網、城市軌道交通等重大項目。中央預算內投資安排5000億元。深化投融資體制改革，繼續以市場化方式籌集專項建設基金，推動地方融資平臺轉型改制進行市場化融資，探索基礎設施等資產證券化，擴大債券融資規模。完善政府和社會資本合作模式，用好1800億元引導基金，依法嚴格履行合同，充分激發社會資本參與熱情。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

--We will see that effective investment plays a key role in maintaining stable growth and making structural adjustments.The many weak areas in infrastructure and public services in China and the urgent need for industry upgrading leave vast scope for growth in effective investment.This year, we will launch a number of projects set forth in the 13th Five-Year Plan.More than 800 billion yuan will be invested in railway construction, and investment in road construction will reach 1.65 trillion yuan.A further 20 water conservancy projects will be carried out, and major projects will be launched to develop hydropower, nuclear power, ultra high-voltage power transmission, smart grids, pipelines for oil and gas transmission, and urban rail transit.Central government budgetary investment will be 500 billion yuan.We will deepen the reform of the investment and financing systems.Funds for specific projects will continue to be raised through market-based mechanisms.Local financing platforms will be required to transform themselves and shift toward market-based financing, the securitization of tangible assets such as infrastructure will be explored, and debt financing will be increased.We will improve the public-private partnership model, make good use of the 180 billion yuan in seed funds, and strictly honor contracts in accordance with the law, so as to bring the enthusiasm of private investors to the table.深入推進新型城鎮化。城鎮化是現代化的必由之路，是我國最大的內需潛力和發展動能所在。今年重點抓好三項工作。

--We will advance new urbanization.Urbanization is the path we need to take to develop a modern China.It is where we will find the greatest potential for domestic demand and the most powerful force for sustaining economic development.This year, we will take the following three major steps regarding urbanization.一是加快農業轉移人口市民化。深化戶籍制度改革，放寬城鎮落戶條件，建立健全“人地錢”掛鉤政策。擴大新型城鎮化綜合試點范圍。居住證具有很高的含金量，要加快覆蓋未落戶的城鎮常住人口，使他們依法享有居住地義務教育、就業、醫療等基本公共服務。發展中西部地區中小城市和小城鎮，容納更多的農民工就近就業創業，讓他們掙錢顧家兩不誤。

First, we will move faster to see that urban residency is granted to more people with rural household registration living in urban areas.We will deepen reform of the household registration system and relax restrictions on eligibility for urban residency.We will introduce policies for making both the transfer payments and the land designated for urban development granted to the government of a local jurisdiction conditional upon the number of people with rural household registration who are granted permanent urban residency in that jurisdiction.The full range of trials for developing new urbanization will be extended to more areas.Residence cards are important assets for their holders.We must move faster to ensure that permanent urban residents without urban residency are issued residence cards, thus enabling them to enjoy, as provided for by law, the right to access compulsory education, employment, medical care, and other basic public services.We will promote the development of 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

small towns and small and medium-sized cities in the central and western regions to help more rural migrant workers find employment or start businesses in urban areas closer to home so that they do not have to choose between earning money and taking care of the families they leave behind.二是推進城鎮保障性安居工程建設和房地產市場健康發展。今年棚戶區住房改造600萬套，提高棚改貨幣化安置比例。完善支持居民住房合理消費的稅收、信貸政策，適應住房剛性需求和改善性需求，因城施策化解房地產庫存，促進房地產市場平穩運行。建立租購并舉的住房制度，把符合條件的外來人口逐步納入公租房供應范圍。

Second, we will promote the construction of government-subsidized housing in urban areas and the healthy development of the real estate market.This year, we will see to it that six million housing units are rebuilt in rundown urban areas and that more people displaced by the rebuilding of such areas receive monetary housing compensation rather than housing.Taking into consideration people's demand for buying homes or improving their housing situation, we will improve the tax and credit policies to support justified personal housing consumption and adopt different policies in different cities as appropriate to their local conditions, in order to cut housing inventory and promote stability in the real estate market.We will put in place a housing system which encourages both renting and purchasing and, over time, enable eligible non-registered urban residents to apply for public rental housing.三是加強城市規劃建設管理。增強城市規劃的科學性、前瞻性、權威性、公開性，促進“多規合一”。開工建設城市地下綜合管廊2000公里以上。積極推廣綠色建筑和建材，大力發展鋼結構和裝配式建筑，加快標準化建設，提高建筑技術水平和工程質量。推進城市管理體制創新，打造智慧城市，完善公共交通網絡，治理交通擁堵等突出問題，改善人居環境，使人民群眾生活得更安心、更省心、更舒心。

Third, we will redouble our efforts to improve urban planning, development, and management.We will make urban planning more sound, forward-looking, authoritative, and transparent and encourage local governments to integrate their various types of urban plans into a single master plan.Construction will begin on at least 2,000 kilometers of utility tunnels.We will actively promote environmentally friendly buildings and construction materials, make a big push to develop steel understructures and prefabricated modules, accelerate work to ensure adherence to construction standards, and see that the level of technique in building and the quality of construction projects are improved.We will encourage institutional innovation in urban management, work hard to create smart cities,improve public transport networks, address traffic congestion and other prominent problems, and improve living environments so that people can enjoy a more secure, relaxing, and satisfying city life.優化區域發展格局。深入推進“一帶一路”建設，落實京津冀協同發展規劃綱要，加快長江經濟帶發展。制定實施西部大開發“十三五”規劃，實施新一輪東北地區等老工業基地振興戰略，出臺促進中部地區崛起新十年規劃，支持東部地區在體制創新、陸海統籌等方面率先突破。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

促進資源型地區經濟轉型升級。支持革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區發展。制定和實施國家海洋戰略，維護國家海洋權益，保護海洋生態環境，拓展藍色經濟空間，建設海洋強國。

--We will work to improve the layout of development across regions.We will push ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative, carry out the development plan for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and speed up the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt.We will draw up and implement the 13th five-year plan for the large-scale development of the western region, implement a new round of strategies for revitalizing the old industrial bases in the Northeast and other parts of the country, adopt the new ten-year plan for fuelling the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region as it leads the country in making breakthroughs in institutional innovation and coordinated land and maritime development.We will promote the economic transformation and upgrading of resource-dependent regions.We will support the development of old revolutionary base areas, areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities, border areas, and poor areas.We will work out and implement a national maritime strategy, safeguard national maritime rights and interests, protect marine ecosystems and habitats, and open up more space for the blue economy so as to strengthen China's maritime development.（四）加快發展現代農業，促進農民持續增收。繼續毫不放松抓好“三農”工作，完善強農惠農富農政策，深化農村改革，拓展農民就業增收渠道，著力提高農業質量、效益和競爭力。

4.Speed up efforts to develop modern agriculture and ensure sustained increases in rural incomes

We will, with as much care and attention as ever, continue focusing on our work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.We will strengthen policy support for these areas, deepen rural reform, expand the channels through which farmers can find employment and increase their income, and work to ensure that the quality, performance, and competitiveness of agriculture improve.加快農業結構調整。糧食連續增產，為穩定物價、改善民生提供了有力保障，但也面臨庫存大幅增加、市場價格下跌等問題。要完善農產品價格形成機制，引導農民適應市場需求調整種養結構，適當調減玉米種植面積。按照“市場定價、價補分離”原則，積極穩妥推進玉米收儲制度改革，保障農民合理收益。要多措并舉消化糧食庫存，大力支持農產品精深加工，發展畜牧業，延伸農業產業鏈條；制定新一輪退耕還林還草方案，今年退耕還林還草1500萬畝以上，這件事一舉多得，務必抓好。

--We will speed up structural adjustment in agriculture.The output of food crops has continued to rise in recent years.This has helped to keep prices stable and ensure people's wellbeing, but it has also resulted in a buildup of excess stockpiles and falling market prices.To resolve this problem, we will improve the pricing mechanisms for agricultural products, while guiding farmers in adjusting what and how much they grow and breed in response to market demand and in making appropriate reductions to the amount of cultivated 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

land devoted to growing corn.Following the principle of letting the market determine prices and delinking subsidies from prices, we will reform in an active yet prudent way the system of corn purchase and storage to ensure reasonable returns for corn-growing farmers.We will adopt a full range of measures to reduce excess stockpiles of food, provide strong support for the processing of agricultural products to increase their value, develop the livestock industry, and extend the agricultural production chain.We will formulate a plan for a new round of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest or grassland, with the target for this year being more than one million hectares.There is much to be gained in this, and it must be carried out to full effect.積極發展多種形式農業適度規模經營，完善對家庭農場、專業大戶、農民合作社等新型經營主體的扶持政策，培養新型職業農民，鼓勵農戶依法自愿有償流轉承包地，開展土地股份合作、聯合或土地托管。深化農村集體產權、農墾、集體林權、國有林場、農田水利、供銷社等改革。

We will promote the development of suitably scaled-up agricultural operations in diversified forms;improve policy support for family farms, large and specialized agricultural family operations, farming cooperatives, and other emerging forms of agribusiness;and cultivate a new type of skilled farmer.We will encourage farmers, on a voluntary basis and in accordance with relevant laws, to transfer the land they contract to work on in return for compensation, enter into cooperation or association based on land as shares, or place their land under trusteeship.We will deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system, state farms on reclaimed land, collective forest tenure, state forestry farms, farmland irrigation and water conservancy, and rural supply and marketing cooperatives.強化農業基礎支撐。全面完成永久基本農田劃定并實行特殊保護，加強高標準農田建設，增加深松土地1.5億畝，新增高效節水灌溉面積2000萬畝。探索耕地輪作休耕制度試點。加強農業科技創新與推廣，深入開展糧食綠色高產高效創建，實施化肥農藥零增長行動。保障財政對農業投入，建立全國農業信貸擔保體系，完善農業保險制度和農村金融服務，引導帶動更多資金投向現代農業建設。

--The foundation of agriculture will be strengthened.We will complete our work nationwide on designating permanent basic cropland and provide special protection for such cropland, promote the development of high-standard cropland, improve the subsoil of an additional ten million hectares of cropland, and increase the area of cropland covered by efficient water-saving irrigation by 1.33 million hectares.We will explore trials of crop rotation and fallow land.We will promote the innovation and application of agricultural science and technology.We will promote green, high-yield, and cost efficient food crop production and achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides.In fiscal allocations, investment in agriculture will be ensured, a national agricultural credit guaranty system will be established, the agricultural insurance system and rural financial services will be improved, and more investment in agricultural modernization will be encouraged.改善農村公共設施和服務。加大農村基礎設施建設力度，新建改建農村公路20萬公里，具來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

備條件的鄉鎮和建制村要加快通硬化路、通客車。抓緊新一輪農村電網改造升級，兩年內實現農村穩定可靠供電服務和平原地區機井通電全覆蓋。實施飲水安全鞏固提升工程。推動電子商務進農村。開展農村人居環境整治，建設美麗宜居鄉村。

--We will improve public services and facilities in rural areas.We will step up the development of rural infrastructure.An additional 200,000 kilometers of rural roads will be built or upgraded.In towns, townships, and incorporated villages, where conditions allow, efforts should be stepped up to build paved roads and provide access to bus services.We will act promptly to launch a new round of efforts to upgrade rural power grids, and our goal is to ensure a stable and reliable supply of power to all rural areas and all electric pumpsets on rural flatlands within the next two years.We will build on past progress to make further advances in providing access to safe drinking water.We will encourage the introduction of e-commerce into rural areas.We will work hard to improve rural living environments, building an even more livable and beautiful countryside.實施脫貧攻堅工程。今年要完成1000萬以上農村貧困人口脫貧任務，其中易地搬遷脫貧200萬人以上，繼續推進貧困農戶危房改造。中央財政扶貧資金增長43.4%。在貧困縣推進涉農資金整合。堅持精準扶貧脫貧，因人因地施策。大力培育特色產業，支持就業創業。解決好通路、通水、通電、通網絡等問題，增強集中連片特困地區和貧困人口發展能力。國家各項惠民政策和民生項目，要向貧困地區傾斜。深入開展定點扶貧、東西協作扶貧，支持社會力量參與脫貧攻堅。扶貧脫貧是硬任務，各級政府已經立下軍令狀，必須按時保質保量完成。

--We will combat poverty.This year, we will help more than ten million rural residents lift themselves out of poverty, including over two million poor residents who are to be relocated from inhospitable areas, and continue to rebuild the dilapidated housing of poor rural households.Central government funds for poverty alleviation efforts will be increased by 43.4%.In poor counties, various funds for rural development will be integrated.We will take targeted measures to alleviate and eliminate poverty in light of local conditions.We will channel significant energy into cultivating business operations with distinctive local features in support of employment and business development.We will construct infrastructure such as roads, water and power supply, and Internet access, and work to strengthen the ability of contiguous poor areas and persons in need to achieve development.National programs aimed at providing people with policy support and promoting people's wellbeing will be weighted toward poor areas.We will give stronger support to targeted poor areas, encourage the eastern region to help in the alleviation of poverty in the western region, and support nongovernmental participation in combatting poverty.Poverty reduction is a must, governments at all levels have made the pledge, and it must be accomplished both qualitatively and quantitatively within the timeframe set.（五）推進新一輪高水平對外開放，著力實現合作共贏。面對國際經濟合作和競爭格局的深刻變化，順應國內經濟提質增效升級的迫切需要，要堅定不移擴大對外開放，在開放中增強發展新動能、增添改革新動力、增創競爭新優勢。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

5.Carry out a new round of high-quality opening up and work to achieve mutually beneficial cooperation

In the face of profound changes in international economic cooperation and competition, and in response to the urgent need to improve the performance of and upgrade China's economy, we must open wider to the outside world with unwavering resolve.By doing so, we can strengthen new drivers of development, add new forces to propel reform forward, and create new competitive strengths for China.扎實推進“一帶一路”建設。統籌國內區域開發開放與國際經濟合作，共同打造陸上經濟走廊和海上合作支點，推動互聯互通、經貿合作、人文交流。構建沿線大通關合作機制，建設國際物流大通道。推進邊境經濟合作區、跨境經濟合作區、境外經貿合作區建設。堅持共商共建共享，使“一帶一路”成為和平友誼紐帶、共同繁榮之路。

--We will work to secure solid progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative.We will promote domestic regional development and opening up and international economic cooperation in a coordinated way, work with other countries and regions to build overland economic corridors and maritime cooperation hubs, and promote connectivity, economic and trade cooperation, and cultural exchange.We will work to develop cooperative mechanisms for achieving compatibility in customs clearance procedures along the routes and build international logistics networks.We will promote the development of border economic cooperation zones, cross-border economic cooperation zones, and overseas economic and trade cooperation zones.With a commitment to achieving common development and shared growth through joint consultation, we will ensure that the Belt and Road Initiative creates bonds of peace, friendship, and common prosperity.擴大國際產能合作。堅持企業為主、政府推動、市場化運作，實施一批重大示范項目。落實和完善財稅金融支持政策，設立人民幣海外合作基金，用好雙邊產能合作基金。推動裝備、技術、標準、服務走出去，打造中國制造金字品牌。

--We will work to achieve greater industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries.We will launch demonstration projects in accordance with the principle that enterprises should be the main actors, that government should provide support, and that operations should be market based.We will improve and implement related supporting fiscal, tax, and financial policies, establish an RMB overseas cooperation fund and make good use of bilateral industrial-capacity cooperation funds.We will promote greater use of Chinese equipment, technology, standards, and services in the international market, and help Chinese manufacturing brands gain international recognition.促進外貿創新發展。面對外需持續低迷的嚴峻形勢，要多措并舉，遏制進出口下滑勢頭。來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

--We will develop innovative ways to promote foreign trade.Faced with continuously weak foreign demand, we need to take a combination of measures to stop the decline in imports and exports.一要加快落實和完善政策。優化出口退稅率結構，確保及時足額退稅，嚴厲打擊騙取退稅。增加短期出口信用保險規模，實現成套設備出口融資保險應保盡保。二要鼓勵商業模式創新。擴大跨境電子商務試點，支持企業建設一批出口產品“海外倉”，促進外貿綜合服務企業發展。三要優化貿易結構。開展服務貿易創新發展試點，增加服務外包示范城市，加快發展文化對外貿易。進一步整合優化海關特殊監管區域，促進加工貿易向中西部地區轉移、向產業鏈中高端延伸。四要推進貿易便利化。全面推廣國際貿易“單一窗口”。降低出口商品查驗率。五要實施更加積極的進口政策。擴大先進技術設備、關鍵零部件及緊缺能源原材料進口。

First, we will move faster to improve and implement policies.We will improve the structure of export tax rebate rates, ensure rebates are paid promptly and in full, and crack down on fraudulent claims.We will increase short-term export-credit insurance and provide export financing insurance for all insurable complete sets of equipment.Second, we will encourage innovative business models.We will expand trials in cross-border e-commerce, support enterprises in developing overseas warehouses for export products, and promote the development of enterprises that provide comprehensive foreign trade services.Third, we will improve the trade mix.We will launch trials to create innovative ways of developing trade in services, see that more cities become trendsetters in providing foreign outsourced services, and accelerate the development of foreign trade in cultural goods and services.We will further integrate and improve special customs regulation zones, and encourage processing trade to move to the central and western regions and extend to the medium-high end of the industrial chain.Fourth, we will further facilitate trade.We will see that the single window system is implemented for international trade nationwide.We will reduce the frequency of inspections for exports.Fifth, we will adopt a more proactive import policy.We will increase the import of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts and components, and energy and raw materials in short supply in China.提高利用外資水平。繼續放寬投資準入，擴大服務業和一般制造業開放，簡化外商投資企業來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

設立程序，加大招商引資力度。創新內陸和沿邊開放模式，打造新的外向型產業集群，引導外資更多投向中西部地區。擴大自貿試驗區試點。創新開發區體制機制。我們將營造更加公平、更為透明、更可預期的投資環境，中國要始終成為富有吸引力的外商投資熱土。

--We will work to make better use of overseas investment.We will continue to relax market access restrictions on investment, further open the service sector and the general manufacturing sector, simplify procedures for establishing companies with overseas investment, and step up efforts to attract more investment.We will create new models of opening up for inland and border areas, develop new overseas-oriented industrial clusters, and encourage more overseas investment in the central and western regions.Pilot free trade zones will be established in more parts of the country.We will improve the systems and mechanisms for governing development zones.With these efforts, China's investment environment will become even more fair, transparent, and predictable, and China will be able to maintain strong appeal and serve as a favorite destination for overseas investment.加快實施自由貿易區戰略。積極商簽區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定，加快中日韓自貿區等談判，推進中美、中歐投資協定談判，加強亞太自貿區聯合戰略研究。我們愿與各方一道，推進貿易投資自由化，共同構建均衡、共贏、包容的國際經貿體系。

--We will accelerate implementation of the free trade zone strategy.We wish to actively negotiate and sign the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement.We will help speed up negotiations on the establishment of the China-Japan-RoK free trade area.We will work to make progress in negotiations on investment agreements between China and the United States and between China and the European Union.We will help strengthen collective strategic research on the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific.China wishes to work with all interested parties to move ahead with trade and investment liberalization and establish an international economic and trade system that is balanced, inclusive, and beneficial for all.（六）加大環境治理力度，推動綠色發展取得新突破。治理污染、保護環境，事關人民群眾健康和可持續發展，必須強力推進，下決心走出一條經濟發展與環境改善雙贏之路。

6.Step up environmental governance efforts and work to see breakthroughs in green development

Pollution control and environmental protection are important to both the health of our people and sustainable development, so we must work hard moving forward and resolve to take a path that leads to both economic development and environmental improvement.重拳治理大氣霧霾和水污染。今年化學需氧量、氨氮排放量要分別下降2%，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量分別下降3%，重點地區細顆粒物（PM2.5）濃度繼續下降。著力抓好減少燃煤排放和機動車排放。加強煤炭清潔高效利用，減少散煤使用，推進以電代煤、以氣代煤。全面實施燃煤電廠超低排放和節能改造。加快淘汰不符合強制性標準的燃煤鍋爐。增 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

--We will take strong measures against air and water pollution.This year, we will ensure that chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions are both reduced by 2%, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions are cut by 3%, and the density of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)in key areas continues to fall.We will focus on promoting the reduction of emissions from the burning of coal and motor vehicles.We will work to promote cleaner and more efficient use of coal, ensure there is less use of untreated coal, and do more to see coal substituted with electricity and natural gas.We will upgrade coal-burning power plants nationwide to achieve ultra-low emissions and energy efficiency, and we will move faster to shut down coal-fired boilers that do not meet compulsory standards.加天然氣供應，完善風能、太陽能、生物質能等發展扶持政策，提高清潔能源比重。鼓勵秸稈資源化綜合利用，限制直接焚燒。全面推廣車用燃油國五標準，淘汰黃標車和老舊車380萬輛。

We will increase natural gas supply, improve policy support for the development of wind, solar, and biomass energy, and increase the proportion of clean energy in total energy consumption.We will encourage a whole range of forms of straw utilization and restrict open burning.We will push for the use of automobile gasoline and diesel fuel that meet National-V standards nationwide and see that 3.8 million old or high-emission vehicles are taken off the roads.在重點區域實行大氣污染聯防聯控。全面推進城鎮污水處理設施建設與改造，加強農業面源污染和流域水環境綜合治理。加大工業污染源治理力度，對排污企業全面實行在線監測。強化環境保護督察，做到獎懲分明。新修訂的環境保護法必須嚴格執行，對超排偷排者必須依法嚴厲打擊，對姑息縱容者必須依法嚴肅追究。

We will coordinate efforts to prevent and control air pollution in regions where it presents a problem.We will press ahead with the nationwide development and upgrading of urban sewage treatment facilities, and strengthen comprehensive efforts aimed at controlling agricultural pollution from non-point sources and at improving the water environment in river basin areas.We will step up efforts to deal with industrial pollution at the source and conduct online monitoring of all polluting enterprises.We will strengthen environmental inspection and reward and punish as appropriate.We must ensure that the newly revised Environmental Protection Law is strictly enforced, that those who emit pollutants beyond the limit allowed by their permit or without a permit are severely punished as stipulated by law, and that those who knowingly allow such violations are held to account in accordance with the law.大力發展節能環保產業。擴大綠色環保標準覆蓋面。完善扶持政策，支持推廣節能環保先進技術裝備，廣泛開展合同能源管理和環境污染第三方治理，加大建筑節能改造力度，加快傳統制造業綠色改造。開展全民節能、節水行動，推進垃圾分類處理，健全再生資源回收利用網絡，把節能環保產業培育成我國發展的一大支柱產業。

--We will work to develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

We will ensure that environmental standards are applied in more areas.We will improve policy support to encourage the use of energy-saving and environmentally friendly advanced technologies and equipment, promote on a large scale contracted energy management and third-party treatment of environmental pollution, and work to see that energy-saving renovations in buildings are strengthened and efforts are accelerated to make traditional manufacturing more eco-friendly.We will encourage everyone to conserve energy and water, make progress in using sorted treatment of waste, improve the networks for recycling renewable resources, and turn the energy conservation and environmental protection industries into pillar industries underpinning China's development.加強生態安全屏障建設。健全生態保護補償機制。停止天然林商業性采伐，實行新一輪草原生態保護補助獎勵政策。推進地下水超采區綜合治理試點，實施濕地等生態保護與恢復工程，繼續治理荒漠化、石漠化和水土流失。保護環境，人人有責。每一個社會成員都要自覺行動起來，為建設美麗中國貢獻力量。

--We will continue to develop ecological security barriers.We will improve mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts.Commercial logging in natural forests will be banned, and a new round of subsidy and award policies for grassland ecological conservation efforts will be implemented.Trials to comprehensively deal with the over-abstraction of groundwater will be moved ahead, more will be done to protect and restore wetlands and other ecosystems, and continued efforts will be made to curb desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion.Every one of us has an obligation to protect the environment--we call on every member of society to act and contribute to the building of a Beautiful China.（七）切實保障改善民生，加強社會建設。為政之道，民生為本。我們要念之再

三、銘之肺腑，多謀民生之利，多解民生之憂。財政收入增長雖放緩，但該給群眾辦的實事一件也不能少。

7.Strengthen social development to promote people's well being

The best form of governance is that which puts people's wellbeing first.We must never lose sight of this and do more to improve the lives of our people and address their concerns.Growth in government revenue is slowing, but when it comes to getting things done for the welfare of the people, we mustn't drop a single thing.著力擴大就業創業。實施更加積極的就業政策，鼓勵以創業帶動就業。今年高校畢業生將高達765萬人，要落實好就業促進計劃和創業引領計劃，促進多渠道就業創業。用好失業保險基金結余，增加穩就業資金規模，做好企業下崗職工技能培訓和再就業工作，對城鎮就業困難人員提供托底幫扶。完成2100萬人次以上農民工職業技能提升培訓任務。加強對靈活就業、新就業形態的扶持。切實做好退役軍人安置和就業創業服務工作。

--We will promote growth in employment and new businesses.來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

We will pursue a more proactive employment policy and encourage business startups that create employment.This year, there will be up to 7.65 million college graduates.We will use multiple channels to increase employment and encourage entrepreneurship by implementing initiatives for promoting employment of college graduates and guiding them in starting up their own businesses.We will make good use of the surplus from unemployment insurance funds and increase funds for keeping job creation stable to provide skills training for laid-off enterprise employees and help them find new employment and offer basic needs assistance to those in urban areas who face difficulties in securing employment.Over 21 million training opportunities should be provided for migrant workers to improve their skills.We will strengthen assistance for flexible employment and new forms of employment.We will see that demobilized military personnel are settled into new jobs or have good access to employment and business startup services.發展更高質量更加公平的教育。教育承載著國家的未來、人民的期盼。公共教育投入要加大向中西部和邊遠、貧困地區傾斜力度。統一城鄉義務教育經費保障機制，改善薄弱學校和寄宿制學校辦學條件。支持普惠性幼兒園發展。辦好特殊教育。加快健全現代職業教育體系，分類推進中等職業教育免除學雜費。對貧困家庭學生率先免除普通高中學雜費。落實提高鄉村教師待遇政策。加快推進遠程教育，擴大優質教育資源覆蓋面。提升高校教學水平和創新能力，推動具備條件的普通本科高校向應用型轉變。

--We will promote fairer access to quality education.Education is where a country's future and its people's hopes and aspirations lie.We will allocate a greater share of funds for public education to the central and western regions and to remote and poor areas.We will unify the urban and rural mechanisms for funding compulsory education and improve conditions in boarding schools and schools which are badly built or poorly operated.We will support the development of kindergartens open to all children.We will see that special needs education is well provided.We will work faster to modernize the vocational education system and, type by type, begin waiving all tuition and miscellaneous fees at schools providing secondary vocational education.Students from families with financial difficulties will be the first to be exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees at regular senior high schools.The salary and other benefits of teachers in rural areas will be increased.We will move faster to promote distance learning and expand the reach of quality educational resources.Institutions of higher learning should strengthen their teaching and their capacity for innovation.Regular undergraduate institutions will be encouraged to shift their focus toward providing applied education if they are in a position to do so..繼續擴大重點高校面向貧困地區農村招生規模，落實和完善農民工隨遷子女在當地就學和升學考試政策。支持和規范民辦教育發展。

We will continue to help see the increased enrollment of students from poor rural areas into key colleges, and improve and implement policies enabling children who live with their migrant worker parents to go to secondary school or take college entrance exams in their city of residence.We will support the development of privately run educational institutions and work to ensure they meet all relevant standards 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

教育要促進學生德智體美全面發展，注重培養各類高素質創新型人才。從家庭到學校、從政府到社會，都要為孩子們的安全健康、成長成才擔起責任，共同托起明天的希望。

Education should promote the moral, intellectual, physical, and artistic development of students, and particular attention should be given to fostering all kinds of high-caliber creative talent.Families, schools, governments, and our society as a whole must together shoulder the responsibility of ensuring our children, our hope for tomorrow, are safe, healthy, and can grow up with the opportunity to reach their full potential.協調推進醫療、醫保、醫藥聯動改革。健康是幸福之基。今年要實現大病保險全覆蓋，政府加大投入，讓更多大病患者減輕負擔。中央財政安排城鄉醫療救助補助資金160億元，增長9.6%。整合城鄉居民基本醫保制度，財政補助由每人每年380元提高到420元。改革醫保支付方式，加快推進基本醫保全國聯網和異地就醫結算。

--We will advance the coordinated reform of medical services, medical insurance, and the medicine industry.Health is at the root of happiness.This year, we aim to realize full coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme, and government funding for the scheme will be increased to reduce the financial burdens of more people suffering from serious diseases.The central government will allocate 16 billion yuan to be used in both rural and urban areas for medical assistance and subsidies, an increase of 9.6% over last year.We will merge the basic medical insurance systems for rural and non-working urban residents and raise government subsidies for the scheme from 380 to 420 yuan per capita per annum.We will reform the ways for making medical insurance payouts and expedite the building of a nationwide network for basic medical insurance so that medical expenses can be settled where they are incurred via basic medical insurance accounts.擴大公立醫院綜合改革試點城市范圍，協同推進醫療服務價格、藥品流通等改革。深化藥品醫療器械審評審批制度改革。加快培養全科醫生、兒科醫生。在70%左右的地市開展分級診療試點。基本公共衛生服務經費財政補助從人均40元提高到45元，促進醫療資源向基層和農村流動。鼓勵社會辦醫。發展中醫藥、民族醫藥事業。建立健全符合醫療行業特點的人事薪酬制度，保護和調動醫務人員積極性。構建和諧醫患關系。完善一對夫婦可生育兩個孩子的配套政策。為了人民健康，要加快健全統一權威的食品藥品安全監管體制，嚴守從農田到餐桌、從企業到醫院的每一道防線，讓人民群眾飲食用藥安全放心。

We will see that more cities participate in piloting comprehensive public hospital reform;move forward in a coordinated way with medical service pricing reform and reform in medicine distribution;and deepen the reform of the evaluation and approval systems for medicines and medical equipment.We will move faster to train general practitioners and pediatricians.We will carry out trials for tiered medical services in around 70% of prefecture-level cities, increase basic annual per capita government subsidies for public health services from 40 to 45 yuan, and see that more medical resources are channeled toward the community level in urban areas and toward rural areas.We will encourage the development of privately run hospitals.We will promote the 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

development of traditional Chinese medicine and the medical traditions of ethnic minorities.We will establish HR and remuneration systems suited to the medical sector to motivate medical practitioners and protect their enthusiasm.We will work to ensure harmony in the relationship between doctor and patient.We will improve the supporting policies to complement the decision to allow all couples to have two children.To see that the health of our people is protected, we will speed up the development of unified and authoritative safety monitoring systems for food and pharmaceuticals and reinforce every line of defense from the farm to the dining table, and from the enterprise to the hospital.This should ensure that people have access to safe food and medicine and can have confidence in what they are eating and taking.織密織牢社會保障安全網。繼續提高退休人員基本養老金標準。各地要切實負起責任，確保養老金按時足額發放。制定劃轉部分國有資本充實社保基金辦法。開展養老服務業綜合改革試點，推進多種形式的醫養結合。落實臨時救助、特困人員救助供養等制度，合理確定救助供養標準，完善工作機制。城鄉低保人均補助標準分別提高5%和8%。加快健全城鄉社會救助體系，使困難群眾遇急有助、遇困有幫，讓社會充滿關愛和溫暖。

--We will build an extensive and tightly woven social safety net.We will continue to raise basic pension benefits for retirees.Local governments need to fulfill their duties to ensure that pension benefits are paid on time and in full.We will work out methods for putting a portion of state capital into social security funds.Initiatives will be launched to pilot comprehensive reform of the elderly care service industry, and progress should be made in developing a variety of forms of combined medical and care services for the elderly.We will implement the temporary assistance scheme and the system for providing basic assistance to persons living in extreme poverty, appropriately determining how much to grant and improving how it is granted.Per capita subsidies for subsistence allowances in rural and urban areas will be increased by 8% and 5%, respectively.We will speed up the development of social assistance systems so that people with urgent needs have access to assistance and support, helping society become a caring and warm one.推進文化改革發展。用中國夢和中國特色社會主義凝聚共識、匯聚力量，培育和踐行社會主義核心價值觀，加強愛國主義教育。實施哲學社會科學創新工程，發展文學藝術、新聞出版、廣播影視、檔案等事業。建設中國特色新型智庫。加強文物和非物質文化遺產保護利用。深化群眾性精神文明創建活動，倡導全民閱讀，普及科學知識，弘揚科學精神，提高國民素質和社會文明程度。促進傳統媒體與新興媒體融合發展。培育健康網絡文化。深化中外人文交流，加強國際傳播能力建設。深化文化體制改革，引導公共文化資源向城鄉基層傾斜，推動文化產業創新發展，繁榮文化市場，加強文化市場管理。推進數字廣播電視戶戶通。做好北京冬奧會和冬殘奧會籌辦工作，倡導全民健身新時尚。

--We will promote the reform and development of the cultural sector.We will draw on the Chinese Dream and socialism with Chinese characteristics to build consensus and pool strength, nurture and practice the core socialist values, and make greater efforts to foster patriotism.We will carry out an initiative to encourage innovation in philosophy and the social 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

sciences.We will promote the development of literature and art;the press and publishing;radio, television, and film;and archiving.New types of Chinese think tanks will be developed.China's cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage will be more effectively protected and put to better use.We will support popular activities which promote cultural and ethical progress.We will work to foster a love of reading in our people, popularize scientific knowledge, promote the spirit of science, improve the overall caliber of the population and raise the level of civility in society.We will promote the integrated development of traditional and new media.We will encourage the development of a healthy online culture.We will work to deepen cultural exchanges with other countries and strengthen our capacity for international communication.We will deepen structural reform of the cultural sector, see that more public cultural resources are made available in rural and urban communities, promote the creative development of the cultural sector, see that markets for cultural products and services flourish, and strengthen regulation of such markets.We will enable more households to enjoy digital broadcasting.We will make thorough preparations for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games.We will encourage new trends in popular fitness activities.加強和創新社會治理。做好基層基礎工作，推進城鄉社區建設，促進基層民主協商。支持工會、共青團、婦聯等群團組織參與社會治理。加快行業協會商會與行政機關脫鉤改革，依法規范發展社會組織，支持專業社會工作、志愿服務和慈善事業發展。加強社會信用體系建設。切實保障婦女、兒童、殘疾人權益，加強對農村留守兒童和婦女、老人的關愛服務。深化司法體制改革，開展法治宣傳教育，啟動實施“七五”普法規劃，做好法律援助和社區矯正工作。完善國家網絡安全保障體系。創新社會治安綜合治理機制，以信息化為支撐推進社會治安防控體系建設，依法懲治違法犯罪行為，嚴厲打擊暴力恐怖活動，增強人民群眾的安全感。改進信訪工作，完善多元調解機制，有效化解矛盾糾紛，促進社會平安祥和。

--We will strengthen and develop new forms of social governance.We will make sure foundational work and work at the community level is carried out to proper effect.We will promote urban and rural community development and encourage democratic consultation at the community level.We will support the participation of people's organizations, such as trade unions, Communist youth league organizations, and women's federations, in social governance.We will move faster to untie industry associations and chambers of commerce from any connections they still have with the government.Social organizations will be developed and regulated in accordance with the law, and support will be given to the development of specialized social work, volunteer services, and charity.We will step up the development of the social credit system.We will ensure the full protection of the rights and interests of women, children, and people with disabilities, and strengthen support and services provided to the children, women, and elderly who remain in rural areas while their family members work away in the cities.We will deepen the reform of the judicial system, work to raise public awareness of the rule of law, begin to implement the seventh five-year plan for increasing public knowledge of the law, and see that a good job is done in terms of legal aid provision and community corrections.We will improve the national system for cybersecurity.New ways will be developed to improve the mechanisms for maintaining law and order, an IT-based system for crime prevention and control will be developed, unlawful and criminal activities will be punished in accordance with the law, and violent terrorist 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

activities will be dealt with severely.All these steps will ensure people's security.We will improve on work related to the handling of complaints made by letter or in person and refine the mechanisms for multimodal dispute mediation, so as to address disputes and ensure social peace and harmony.生命高于一切，安全重于泰山。必須堅持不懈抓好安全生產和公共安全，加強安全基礎設施和防災減災能力建設，健全監測預警應急機制，提高氣象服務水平，做好地震、測繪、地質等工作。完善和落實安全生產責任、管理制度和考核機制，實行黨政同責、一崗雙責，加大失職追責力度，嚴格監管執法，堅決遏制重特大安全事故發生，切實保障人民生命財產安全。

Nothing is more valuable than life, and ensuring public safety is of paramount importance.We must continue our efforts to ensure workplace and public safety, improve safety infrastructure and build capacity to prevent and mitigate disasters, enhance monitoring, early-warning, and emergency response mechanisms, improve meteorological services, and deliver a good performance in seismology, surveying, mapping, and geology.We will improve and implement the system of accountability, management, and evaluation for workplace safety to ensure that both CPC committees and governments are held accountable and that officials take responsibility for workplace safety in performing their duties, and intensify efforts to see that those who fail to uphold safety standards are held accountable.We will tighten oversight and law enforcement to guard against and prevent the occurrence of major workplace accidents and protect the lives and property of our people.（八）加強政府自身建設，提高施政能力和服務水平。重任千鈞惟擔當。面對異常艱巨復雜的改革發展任務，各級政府要深入貫徹落實新發展理念，把全面建成小康社會使命扛在肩上，把萬家憂樂放在心頭，建設人民滿意的法治政府、創新政府、廉潔政府和服務型政府。

8.Improve government functions, strengthen our administrative capacity, and deliver quality government services

The most formidable tasks demand the greatest sense of mission.Faced with the onerous and complex tasks of reform and development, we in governments at all levels should follow the new vision on development in our work, bear the weight of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects on our shoulders, keep the people's wellbeing at the forefront of our minds, and build a law-based, innovative, clean, and service-oriented government that the people are satisfied with.堅持依法履職，把政府活動全面納入法治軌道。各級政府及其工作人員要帶頭嚴格遵守憲法和法律，自覺運用法治思維和法治方式推動工作，法定職責必須為，法無授權不可為。積極推行政府法律顧問制度。深入推進政務公開，充分發揮傳統媒體、新興媒體作用，利用好網絡平臺，及時回應社會關切，使群眾了解政府做什么、怎么做。各級政府要依法接受同級人大及其常委會的監督，自覺接受人民政協的民主監督，接受社會和輿論監督，讓權力在陽光下運行。

--We will ensure that all government duties are performed in accordance with the law and that all 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

government activities are carried out in line with the rule of law.Governments at all levels and all their employees must take the lead in strictly abiding by the Constitution and other laws and conscientiously apply rule of law thinking and approaches in their work;they must carry out all statutory functions and duties and may not do anything not authorized by law.We will actively promote the legal consultation system for government.We will intensify efforts to make government operations more open by making use of both traditional and new media including the Internet to respond in a timely manner to social concerns and inform the public about what the government is doing and how.We in governments at all levels must, as required by law, subject ourselves to the oversight of the people's congresses at the same levels and their standing committees, and we should willingly subject ourselves to the democratic oversight of CPPCC committees, public oversight, and public opinion-based oversight, so as to exercise power in an open and transparent way.堅持廉潔履職，深入推進反腐倡廉。認真落實黨風廉政建設主體責任，嚴厲整治各種頂風違紀行為。加強行政監察，推進審計全覆蓋。以減權限權、創新監管等舉措減少尋租空間，鏟除滋生腐敗土壤。推動黨風廉政建設向基層延伸，堅決糾正侵害群眾利益的不正之風，堅定不移懲治腐敗。

--We will ensure that government duties are performed with integrity and intensify efforts to fight corruption.We will see that leading Party and government officials at all levels assume full responsibility for improving Party conduct and government integrity, and we will severely punish all types of behavior that constitute flagrant violations of discipline.Administrative supervision will be strengthened, and the whole government system will be placed under auditing.Steps will be taken, such as reducing or limiting certain powers and adopting new forms of supervision, to eliminate room for rent-seeking and eradicate the breeding grounds of corruption.We will ensure that efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity are extended right down to the community level, resolutely correct improper conduct that harms the interests of the general public, and punish corruption without fail.堅持勤勉履職，提高執行力和公信力。政府工作人員要恪盡職守、夙夜在公，主動作為、善謀勇為。深入踐行“三嚴三實”，增強政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，加強作風和能力建設，打造高素質專業化的公務員隊伍。健全并嚴格執行工作責任制，確保各項政策和任務不折不扣落到實處。健全督查問責機制，堅決整肅庸政懶政怠政行為，決不允許占著位子不干事。健全激勵機制和容錯糾錯機制，給改革創新者撐腰鼓勁，讓廣大干部愿干事、敢干事、能干成事。中國改革開放30多年的輝煌成就，就是廣大干部群眾干出來的。

--We will ensure that officials perform their duties diligently, that government decisions are fully implemented, and that the government's public credibility is improved.Government workers must take an active approach to their work, carry out effective planning and decisive implementation, fulfill all their duties, and work tirelessly in service of the public.We 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

will practice the Three Stricts and Three Honests;become more aware of the need to uphold political integrity, keep in mind the bigger picture, follow the CPC as the core of the Chinese leadership, act consistently with CPC Central Committee policy;and improve conduct and competence in order to become a contingent of top-performing public servants with a good command of professional expertise.We will improve and strictly enforce the work responsibility system and fully execute all policies and tasks without fail.We will improve oversight and accountability systems, root out incompetence, inertia, and negligence, and show zero tolerance for those who are on the government payroll but do not perform their duties.We will improve incentive mechanisms and mechanisms to allow for and address mistakes, supporting and motivating those who are committed to carrying out reforms and making innovations.This will help ensure that our officials want to act, are not afraid to act, and are able to act and deliver.The remarkable achievements made in China's reform and opening up over the past 30 plus years are a result of the actions of our people and our officials.上下同欲者勝。我們要充分發揮中央和地方兩個積極性。對真抓實干成效明顯的地方，在建設資金安排、新增建設用地、財政沉淀資金統籌使用等方面，加大獎勵支持力度。鼓勵各地從實際出發干事創業，形成競相發展的生動局面。

Success belongs to those who share, from top to bottom, in one purpose.We will keep both the central and local governments fully motivated.Localities which work diligently and make notable achievements will receive greater incentives and support in terms of development funds, land designations for new construction projects, and idle budgetary funds made available to them.We will encourage all localities to conduct their work in light of their particular circumstances and create a motivational sense of competition in pursuit of development.各位代表！

中華民族是一個大家庭，促進各民族和睦相處、和衷共濟、和諧發展，是各族人民的根本利益和共同責任。要堅持中國特色解決民族問題的正確道路，堅持和完善民族區域自治制度，嚴格執行黨的民族政策，深入開展民族團結進步創建活動，推動建立各民族相互嵌入式的社會結構和社區環境，促進各民族交往交流交融。落實促進民族地區發展的差別化支持政策，加強對口幫扶，保護和發展少數民族優秀傳統文化及特色村鎮，加大扶持人口較少民族發展力度，大力實施興邊富民行動，讓全國各族人民共同邁向全面小康社會。

There are several other areas I wish to address.First, all the people of China are of one family.Helping the people of all our ethnic groups to live together, share in a common cause, and develop in harmony is in the fundamental interests of us all, and is our joint responsibility.We will stick to the Chinese way-the right way-of managing ethnic issues, and uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy.We will follow closely the Party's policies concerning ethnic groups, launch extensive activities to promote ethnic unity and progress, facilitate the development of a social structure and a community environment in which different ethnic groups are integrated, and promote interaction, communication, and integration between ethnic groups.We will implement differentiated policies in support of the 來源：新華網英文版/ @CATTI考試資料與資訊整理

development of areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities, offer assistance through pairing programs, and protect and develop the fine traditional cultures of ethnic minorities and towns and villages rich in ethnic heritage.We will step up support for the development of ethnic groups with smaller populations and boost efforts to promote the development of the border regions to improve the lives of the people there.In short, we will ensure that all the people of China work together for a moderately prosperous society in all respects.我們要全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，堅持依法管理宗教事務，促進宗教關系和諧，發揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進經濟社會發展中的積極作用。

We will fully implement the Party's basic policy on religion, regulate religious affairs in accordance with the law, promote harmonious relations between religions, and see that religious leaders and believers are actively involved in promoting economic and social development.我們要認真落實僑務政策，依法維護海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷的合法權益，充分發揮他們的獨特優勢和重要作用，不斷增強海內外中華兒女的向心力。

We will implement our policies on work related to overseas Chinese, and work in accordance with the law to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals, Chinese nationals who have returned to China from overseas, and the relatives of overseas Chinese nationals who live in China.We will give full expression to their unique strengths and important roles, rally their support, and strengthen the bonds of attachment and affection of all Chinese, whether at home or overseas, to our motherland.各位代表！

過去一年，國防和軍隊建設取得顯著成效。新的一年，要緊緊圍繞實現黨在新形勢下的強軍目標，深入推進政治建軍、改革強軍、依法治軍，全面加強軍隊革命化現代化正規化建設，堅決維護國家安全。堅持黨對軍隊絕對領導的根本原則和制度，落實古田全軍政治工作會議精神。統籌推進各方向各領域軍事斗爭準備，嚴密組織日常戰備和邊海空防管控。加強后勤保障和裝備發展。穩步推進領導指揮體制改革，部署展開軍隊規模結構和政策制度等改革。提高軍隊建設法治化水平。建設現代化武裝警察部隊。加強全民國防教育和國防動員建設。推動重要領域軍民融合深度發展，在重要基礎設施建設中充分考慮國防需求。發展國防科技工業。各級政府要大力支持國防和軍隊建設，走出一條新時期魚水情深的軍政軍民團結之路。

Second, last year saw significant progress in strengthening national defense and the armed forces.This year, in keeping with the Party's goal of building strong armed forces under new conditions, we will boost efforts to build the armed forces through political work and reform, and run them by law.We will work to make the military more revolutionary, modern, and well-structured in every respect, and remain committed to safeguarding national security.We will uphold the fundamental principle and institution of the Party having absolute leadership over the armed forces, and put into practice the guiding principles adopted at the military's meeting on political work held in Gutian, Fujian.We will strengthen in a coordinated way military preparedness on all fronts and for all scenarios, and work meticulously to ensure combat readiness and border, coastal, and air

第二篇：2018政府工作報告中英對照

政府工作報告

Report on the Work of the Government

——2018年3月5日在第十三屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議上

– Delivered at the First Session of the 13th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on March 5, 2018

國務院總理 李克強

Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies，現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告過去五年政府工作，對今年工作提出建議，請予審議，并請全國政協委員提出意見。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the government’s work of the past five years and lay out what we propose for this year’s work for your deliberation and approval.I also invite comments from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、過去五年工作回顧

I will begin with a review of our work over the past five years.第十二屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議以來的五年，是我國發展進程中極不平凡的五年。面對極其錯綜復雜的國內外形勢，以習近平同志為核心的黨中央團結帶領全國各族人民砥礪前行，統籌推進“五位一體”總體布局，協調推進“四個全面”戰略布局，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設全面開創新局面。黨的十九大確立了習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想的歷史地位，制定了決勝全面建成小康社會、奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利的宏偉藍圖和行動綱領，具有重大現實意義和深遠歷史意義。各地區各部門不斷增強政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，深入貫徹落實新發展理念，“十二五”規劃圓滿完成，“十三五”規劃順利實施，經濟社會發展取得歷史性成就、發生歷史性變革。

The five years since the first session of the 12th National People’s Congress(NPC)have been a truly remarkable five years in the course of our country’s development.Facing an extremely complex environment both at home and abroad, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, has rallied and led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to forge ahead.We have moved forward with the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan* and the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy**, and made new advances on all fronts of reform, opening-up, and socialist modernization.(* The “Five-sphere Integrated Plan” is a plan to promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological advancement.** The “Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy” is a strategy of comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance law-based governance, and strengthen Party self-governance.)At its 19th National Congress, the Party established the position in history of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and mapped out an inspiring blueprint and a program of action for securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and for striving for the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era.This is of great immediate significance and far-reaching historical significance.All regions and all government departments have strengthened their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment.The new development philosophy has been thoroughly acted upon, the 12th Five-Year Plan has been fully completed, and implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan has seen smooth progress.In economic and social development we have made historic achievements and seen historic change.五年來，經濟實力躍上新臺階。國內生產總值從54萬億元增加到82.7萬億元，年均增長7.1%，占世界經濟比重從11.4%提高到15%左右，對世界經濟增長貢獻率超過30%。財政收入從11.7萬億元增加到17.3萬億元。居民消費價格年均上漲1.9%，保持較低水平。城鎮新增就業6600萬人以上，13億多人口的大國實現了比較充分就業。Over the past five years, economic strength has reached a new high.China’s gross domestic product(GDP)has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan, registering average annual growth of 7.1 percent;and its share in the global economy has grown to roughly 15 percent, up from 11.4 percent.China’s contribution to global growth has exceeded 30 percent.Government revenue has increased from 11.7 trillion to 17.3 trillion yuan.Consumer prices rose at an average annual rate of 1.9 percent, maintaining a relatively low level of growth.More than 66 million new urban jobs have been added, and our country, with its population of over 1.3 billion, has achieved relatively full employment.五年來，經濟結構出現重大變革。消費貢獻率由54.9%提高到58.8%，服務業比重從45.3%上升到51.6%，成為經濟增長主動力。高技術制造業年均增長11.7%。糧食生產能力達到1.2萬億斤。城鎮化率從52.6%提高到58.5%，8000多萬農業轉移人口成為城鎮居民。

Over the past five years, the structure of the Chinese economy has seen a major transformation.With the share of the service sector rising from 45.3 to 51.6 percent of the economy, consumption’s contribution to growth has increased from 54.9 to 58.8 percent, becoming the main driver of growth.High-tech manufacturing has achieved an average annual increase of 11.7 percent, and the annual grain yield has reached 600 million metric tons.China’s urbanization rate has risen from 52.6 to 58.5 percent, and more than 80 million people who have relocated from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency.五年來，創新驅動發展成果豐碩。全社會研發投入年均增長11%，規模躍居世界第二位。科技進步貢獻率由52.2%提高到57.5%。載人航天、深海探測、量子通信、大飛機等重大創新成果不斷涌現。高鐵網絡、電子商務、移動支付、共享經濟等引領世界潮流。“互聯網+”廣泛融入各行各業。大眾創業、萬眾創新蓬勃發展，日均新設企業由5千多戶增加到1萬6千多戶。快速崛起的新動能，正在重塑經濟增長格局、深刻改變生產生活方式，成為中國創新發展的新標志。

Over the past five years, innovation-driven development has yielded fruitful outcomes.China’s investment in research and development(R&D)has grown at an average annual rate of 11 percent, ranking second in the world in scale.The contribution of technological advances to economic growth has risen from 52.2 to 57.5 percent.In manned spaceflight, deep-water exploration, quantum communications, large aircraft development, and more, China has seen a stream of major outcomes of innovation.In high-speed rail, e-commerce, mobile payments, and the sharing economy, China is leading the world.The Internet Plus model has permeated every industry and every field.Business startups and innovation are thriving all over the country, and the average number of new businesses opened daily has risen from over 5,000 to more than 16,000.Rapidly emerging new growth drivers are reshaping China’s growth model, are profoundly changing the way we live and work, and have become a new hallmark of China’s innovation-driven development.五年來，改革開放邁出重大步伐。改革全面發力、多點突破、縱深推進，重要領域和關鍵環節改革取得突破性進展。簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務等改革推動政府職能發生深刻轉變，市場活力和社會創造力明顯增強。“一帶一路”建設成效顯著，對外貿易和利用外資結構優化、規模穩居世界前列。

Over the past five years, significant headway has been made in reform and opening-up.In reform, we have made strong moves across the board, secured major advances in many areas, and driven deeper in pursuing progress, making breakthroughs in reforms in important fields and key links.Reforms to streamline administration and delegate powers, improve regulation, and optimize services, have driven profound shifts in the functions of government, and significantly strengthened market dynamism and public creativity.The Belt and Road Initiative has been making major progress.The composition of both Chinese foreign trade and foreign investment in China has been improved, with volumes ranking among the largest in the world.五年來，人民生活持續改善。脫貧攻堅取得決定性進展，貧困人口減少6800多萬，易地扶貧搬遷830萬人，貧困發生率由10.2%下降到3.1%。居民收入年均增長7.4%、超過經濟增速，形成世界上人口最多的中等收入群體。出境旅游人次由8300萬增加到1億3千多萬。社會養老保險覆蓋9億多人，基本醫療保險覆蓋13.5億人，織就了世界上最大的社會保障網。人均預期壽命達到76.7歲。棚戶區住房改造2600多萬套，農村危房改造1700多萬戶，上億人喜遷新居。

Over the past five years, living standards have been constantly improving.We have made decisive progress in the fight against poverty: More than 68 million people have been lifted out of poverty, including a total of 8.3 million relocated from inhospitable areas, and the poverty headcount ratio has dropped from 10.2 to 3.1 percent.Personal income has increased by an annual average of 7.4 percent, outpacing economic growth and creating the world’s largest middle-income group.Tourist departures have grown from 83 million to over 130 million.Social old-age pension schemes now cover more than 900 million people, and the basic health insurance plans cover 1.35 billion people, forming the largest social safety net in the world.On average, life expectancy has reached 76.7 years.Over 26 million housing units have been rebuilt in rundown urban areas, and more than 17 million dilapidated houses have been renovated in rural areas.Thanks to these efforts, more than one hundred million Chinese have moved into new homes.五年來，生態環境狀況逐步好轉。制定實施大氣、水、土壤污染防治三個“十條”并取得扎實成效。單位國內生產總值能耗、水耗均下降20%以上，主要污染物排放量持續下降，重點城市重污染天數減少一半，森林面積增加1.63億畝，沙化土地面積年均縮減近2000平方公里，綠色發展呈現可喜局面。

Over the past five years, the environment has seen gradual improvement.To address air, water, and soil pollution, we have designed and enforced a ten-point list of measures for each and achieved solid progress.Both energy and water consumption per unit of GDP have fallen more than 20 percent, the release of major pollutants has been consistently declining, and the number of days of heavy air pollution in key cities has fallen 50 percent.Forest coverage has increased by 10.87 million hectares, and the area of desertified land has been reduced by close to 2,000 square kilometers on average each year.Encouraging progress has been made in green development.剛剛過去的2017年，經濟社會發展主要目標任務全面完成并好于預期。國內生產總值增長6.9%，居民收入增長7.3%，增速均比上年有所加快；城鎮新增就業1351萬人，失業率為多年來最低；工業增速回升，企業利潤增長21%；財政收入增長7.4%，扭轉了增速放緩態勢；進出口增長14.2%，實際使用外資1363億美元、創歷史新高。經濟發展呈現出增長與質量、結構、效益相得益彰的良好局面。這是五年來一系列重大政策效應累積，各方面不懈努力、久久為功的結果。

In the year just passed, all main targets and tasks for economic and social development were accomplished and performance has exceeded expectations.GDP grew 6.9 percent and personal income rose 7.3 percent, both beating the previous year’s growth rates.Around 13.51 million new urban jobs were created, and the jobless rate was the lowest in recent years.Industrial growth began to rebound, and corporate profits increased 21 percent.Government revenue grew 7.4 percent, reversing the slowdown in growth.The total import and export value rose 14.2 percent.Inward foreign investment reached 136.3 billion U.S.dollars, hitting a new all-time high.The state of play in the economy was good, with growth and quality, structural improvement, and performance each reinforcing the other.This is the result of the cumulative effect of a raft of major policies over the past five years and of consistent efforts in all areas of endeavor.過去五年取得的全方位、開創性成就，發生的深層次、根本性變革，再次令世界矚目，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪。

Over the past five years, the ground-breaking achievements made on every front and the profound and fundamental changes that have taken place, have attracted global attention and are the pride and inspiration of all of us in China.五年來，我們認真貫徹以習近平同志為核心的黨中央決策部署，主要做了以下工作。

Over the past five years, we have worked with dedication to implement the decisions and plans made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core.The following are the highlights of that work:

（一）堅持穩中求進工作總基調，著力創新和完善宏觀調控，經濟運行保持在合理區間、實現穩中向好。

First, with a commitment to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, we have focused on developing new and better approaches to macro regulation, kept major indicators within an appropriate range, and achieved stable, positive economic performance.這些年，世界經濟復蘇乏力，國際金融市場跌宕起伏，保護主義明顯抬頭。我國經濟發展中結構性問題和深層次矛盾凸顯，經濟下行壓力持續加大，遇到不少兩難多難抉擇。面對這種局面，我們保持戰略定力，堅持不搞“大水漫灌”式強刺激，而是適應把握引領經濟發展新常態，統籌穩增長、促改革、調結構、惠民生、防風險，不斷創新和完善宏觀調控，確立區間調控的思路和方式，加強定向調控、相機調控、精準調控。明確強調只要經濟運行在合理區間，就業增加、收入增長、環境改善，就集中精力促改革、調結構、添動力。采取既利當前更惠長遠的舉措，著力推進供給側結構性改革，適度擴大總需求，推動實現更高層次的供需動態平衡。經過艱辛努力，我們頂住了經濟下行壓力、避免了“硬著陸”，保持了經濟中高速增長，促進了結構優化，經濟長期向好的基本面不斷鞏固和發展。

The past few years have witnessed anemic world economic recovery, volatility in global financial markets, and a sharp rise in protectionism.In China, structural issues and underlying problems have become more acute, downward pressure on the economy has continued to mount, and we have met with no small number of dilemmas.In confronting this new environment, we have maintained strategic focus and refrained from resorting to a deluge of strong stimulus policies.Instead, we have adapted to, addressed, and steered the new normal in economic development, and taken coordinated steps to ensure steady growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risk.We have made fresh innovations in and refined macro regulation, developed the idea of and ways to achieve ranged-based regulation, and enhanced targeted, well-timed, and precision regulation.We have been clear that as long as the major economic indicators are within an acceptable range, with employment growing, incomes increasing, and the environment improving, then our energies should be focused on advancing reform, making structural adjustments, and adding growth drivers.We have adopted measures that are good for the near term and even better for the long term, made strong moves to advance supply-side structural reform, appropriately expanded aggregate demand, and worked for a dynamic equilibrium of supply and demand at a higher level.With grit and determination, we have overcome downward pressure on the economy, avoided a “hard landing,” maintained a medium-high growth rate, and promoted structural upgrading.The economic fundamentals that will sustain long-term growth have been cemented and enhanced.堅持實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策。在財政收支矛盾較大情況下，著眼“放水養魚”、增強后勁，我國率先大幅減稅降費。分步驟全面推開營改增，結束了66年的營業稅征收歷史，累計減稅超過2萬億元，加上采取小微企業稅收優惠、清理各種收費等措施，共減輕市場主體負擔3萬多億元。加強地方政府債務管理，實施地方政府存量債務置換，降低利息負擔1.2萬億元。調整財政支出結構，盤活沉淀資金，保障基本民生和重點項目。財政赤字率一直控制在3%以內。貨幣政策保持穩健中性，廣義貨幣M2增速呈下降趨勢，信貸和社會融資規模適度增長。采取定向降準、專項再貸款等差別化政策，加強對重點領域和薄弱環節支持，小微企業貸款增速高于各項貸款平均增速。改革完善匯率市場化形成機制，保持人民幣匯率基本穩定，外匯儲備轉降為升。妥善應對“錢荒”等金融市場異常波動，規范金融市場秩序，防范化解重點領域風險，守住了不發生系統性風險的底線，維護了國家經濟金融安全。

We have continued to follow a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.Despite a fairly big imbalance between government revenue and expenditure, China has led the way in slashing taxes and fees with the aim of using accommodative measures to strengthen the basis for sustained growth.Step by step, we have extended the replacement of business tax with value added tax(VAT)to all sectors across the country, calling time on the 66-year history of business tax.The result so far has been a tax cut of more than 2 trillion yuan.We have also adopted measures like preferential tax policies for small low-profit businesses and an overhaul of different types of fees.All in all, our market entities have seen savings of more than 3 trillion yuan.We have strengthened management over local government debt, and issued local government bonds to replace outstanding debt, cutting interest liability by 1.2 trillion yuan.We have adjusted the structure of government expenditure, put idle funds to work, and ensured the spending for undertaking major projects and meeting basic public needs.The deficit-to-GDP ratio has been kept within 3 percent.Monetary policy has remained prudent and neutral.The M2 money supply growth rate has been trending downward, while credit and aggregate financing have seen moderate growth.Differentiated policies, such as targeted reserve requirement ratio cuts and targeted re-lending, have been adopted to strengthen support for key fields and weak links.The growth of loans to small and micro businesses has outstripped the average growth in lending.We have reformed and improved the market-based exchange rate mechanism and kept the RMB exchange rate basically stable;and foreign exchange reserves are now rising not falling.We have responded appropriately to abnormal market fluctuations such as the cash crunch, brought better order to the financial markets, prevented and diffused risks in key sectors, forestalled systemic risks, and thus safeguarded China’s economic and financial security.（二）堅持以供給側結構性改革為主線，著力培育壯大新動能，經濟結構加快優化升級。緊緊依靠改革破解經濟發展和結構失衡難題，大力發展新興產業，改造提升傳統產業，提高供給體系質量和效率。

Second, with a commitment to treating supply-side structural reform as our main task, we have focused on fostering new growth drivers to speed up economic structural upgrading.We have persevered in relying on reform to overcome economic difficulties and address structural imbalances, made a big push to foster emerging industries, overhauled and strengthened traditional industries, and improved the quality and performance of the supply system.扎實推進“三去一降一補”。五年來，在淘汰水泥、平板玻璃等落后產能基礎上，以鋼鐵、煤炭等行業為重點加大去產能力度，中央財政安排1000億元專項獎補資金予以支持，用于分流職工安置。退出鋼鐵產能1.7億噸以上、煤炭產能8億噸，安置分流職工110多萬人。因城施策分類指導，三四線城市商品住宅去庫存取得明顯成效，熱點城市房價漲勢得到控制。積極穩妥去杠桿，控制債務規模，增加股權融資，工業企業資產負債率連續下降，宏觀杠桿率漲幅明顯收窄、總體趨于穩定。多措并舉降成本，壓減政府性基金項目30%，削減中央政府層面設立的涉企收費項目60%以上，階段性降低“五險一金”繳費比例，推動降低用能、物流、電信等成本。突出重點加大補短板力度。

Solid work has moved us forward in the five priority tasks of cutting overcapacity, reducing excess inventory, deleveraging, lowering costs, and strengthening areas of weakness.Over the past five years, building on work to cut backward production capacity in the cement, plate glass, and other industries, we have intensified efforts to cut overcapacity, prioritizing industries such as steel and coal;and a 100-billion-yuan fund for rewards and subsidies has been put in place by the central government to support efforts to assist affected employees.We have cut steel production capacity by more than 170 million metric tons and coal production capacity by 800 million metric tons, and over 1.1 million affected employees have been assisted.Thanks to city-specific policies and category-specific guidance, clear progress has been made in reducing commercial residential housing inventory in third-and fourth-tier cities, and the growth of housing prices in the most popular cities has been brought under control.We have taken active and prudent steps to deleverage, control the scale of debts, and expand equity finance.The debt-to-asset ratio of industrial enterprises has been consistently declining.Macro leverage ratio is increasing by much smaller margins and is generally stable.We have used a combination of measures to bring down costs: 30 percent of government-managed funds and fees have been cut;over 60 percent of the fees and charges levied on businesses by the central government have been abolished;the ratio of enterprise contributions to old-age pension, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, and maternity insurance, workers’ compensation, and housing provident fund schemes has been reduced for the time being, and work has been done to lower energy, logistics, and telecommunications costs.We have stepped up efforts to strengthen areas of weakness, with a focus on key issues.加快新舊發展動能接續轉換。深入開展“互聯網+”行動，實行包容審慎監管，推動大數據、云計算、物聯網廣泛應用，新興產業蓬勃發展，傳統產業深刻重塑。實施“中國制造2025”，推進工業強基、智能制造、綠色制造等重大工程，先進制造業加快發展。出臺現代服務業改革發展舉措，服務新業態新模式異軍突起，促進了各行業融合升級。深化農業供給側結構性改革，新型經營主體大批涌現，種植業適度規模經營比重從30%提升到40%以上。采取措施增加中低收入者收入，推動傳統消費提檔升級、新興消費快速興起，網上零售額年均增長30%以上，社會消費品零售總額年均增長11.3%。優化投資結構，鼓勵民間投資，發揮政府投資撬動作用，引導更多資金投向強基礎、增后勁、惠民生領域。高速鐵路運營里程從9000多公里增加到2萬5千公里、占世界三分之二，高速公路里程從9.6萬公里增加到13.6萬公里，新建改建農村公路127萬公里，新建民航機場46個，開工重大水利工程122項，完成新一輪農村電網改造，建成全球最大的移動寬帶網。五年來，發展新動能迅速壯大，經濟增長實現由主要依靠投資、出口拉動轉向依靠消費、投資、出口協同拉動，由主要依靠第二產業帶動轉向依靠三次產業共同帶動。這是我們多年想實現而沒有實現的重大結構性變革。

We have sped up the replacement of old growth drivers.We have done more in carrying out the Internet Plus Initiative, exercised accommodative and prudential regulation, and promoted the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things;emerging industries have achieved vigorous growth, and traditional industries have undergone a thorough remodeling.Implementation of the Made in China 2025 Initiative has brought progress in major projects like the building of robust industrial foundations, smart manufacturing, and green manufacturing, and has accelerated the development of advanced manufacturing.We unveiled reform and development measures to foster modern services;and this has led to a marked rise in new forms of business in the services sector and new service models as well as the integration and upgrading of multiple sectors.Deepened supply-side structural reform in agriculture has brought the emergence of a large number of new types of agribusiness.The share of appropriately scaled-up farming has increased from 30 to over 40 percent.We have taken measures to increase the incomes of those in low-and middle-income brackets, and helped to see an upgrading of traditional forms of consumption, and a boom in new forms of consumption.Online retail sales have been growing at an average annual rate of over 30 percent, and total retail sales of consumer goods have enjoyed an average annual increase of 11.3 percent.We have improved the composition of investment, encouraged private investment, used government investment to play a catalytic role, and guided more funding toward areas that strengthen the economic foundation, enhance sustainability, and improve people’s lives.China’s in-operation high-speed railways have grown from over 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers, accounting for two thirds of the world’s total.Our expressways have grown from 96,000 to 136,000 kilometers.We have built or upgraded 1.27 million kilometers of rural roads, built 46 new civilian airports, and begun work on 122 major water conservancy projects.We have completed the latest round of rural power grid upgrading, and put in place the largest mobile broadband network in the world.Over the past five years, new growth drivers have rapidly grown in strength.Economic growth, in the past mainly driven by investment and exports, is now being fueled by consumption, investment, and exports.In the past dependent mainly on secondary industry, growth is now powered by a combination of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries.This is a major structural transformation that for years our sights have been set on, but we were always unable to achieve.推進供給側結構性改革，必須破除要素市場化配置障礙，降低制度性交易成本。針對長期存在的重審批、輕監管、弱服務問題，我們持續深化“放管服”改革，加快轉變政府職能，減少微觀管理、直接干預，注重加強宏觀調控、市場監管和公共服務。五年來，國務院部門行政審批事項削減44%，非行政許可審批徹底終結，中央政府層面核準的企業投資項目減少90%，行政審批中介服務事項壓減74%，職業資格許可和認定大幅減少。中央政府定價項目縮減80%，地方政府定價項目縮減50%以上。全面改革工商登記、注冊資本等商事制度，企業開辦時間縮短三分之一以上。創新和加強事中事后監管，實行“雙隨機、一公開”，隨機抽取檢查人員和檢查對象、及時公開查處結果，提高了監管效能和公正性。推行“互聯網+政務服務”，實施一站式服務等舉措。營商環境持續改善，市場活力明顯增強，群眾辦事更加便利。

Advancing supply-side structural reform demands removing barriers to market based allocation of the factors of production and reducing government-imposed transaction costs.To address the longstanding issues of excessive emphasis on approval procedures, insufficient attention to regulatory processes, and a failure to provide strong services, we have been consistently deepening reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, improve regulation, and strengthen services.We have sped up efforts to transform government functions, reduced micromanagement and direct intervention, and done more to improve macro regulation, market regulation, and public services.Over the past five years, the number of items subject to approval by State Council offices and departments has been slashed by 44 percent, the practice of non-administrative approval has been completely put to a stop, the number of business investment items subject to central government approval has been cut by 90 percent, intermediary services needed for obtaining government approval have been cut by 74 percent, and the requirements for professional qualification approval and accreditation have been significantly reduced.The number of items for which central government sets the prices has been cut back by 80 percent, and local government-priced items have been cut down by over 50 percent.Comprehensive reforms have swept the business system, including business and capital registration, reducing the time it takes to start a business by over a third.We have developed new and better ways of conducting compliance oversight, and introduced a new model of oversight combining randomly selected inspectors who inspect randomly selected entities and the prompt release of results.These efforts have made regulation more effective and impartial.We have rolled out the Internet Plus Government Services model and adopted measures such as the one-stop service model.Thanks to the above reforms, the business environment has consistently improved, the market is more energized, and people can access government services more easily.（三）堅持創新引領發展，著力激發社會創造力，整體創新能力和效率顯著提高。實施創新驅動發展戰略，優化創新生態，形成多主體協同、全方位推進的創新局面。擴大科研機構和高校科研自主權，改進科研項目和經費管理，深化科技成果權益管理改革。支持北京、上海建設科技創新中心，新設14個國家自主創新示范區，帶動形成一批區域創新高地。以企業為主體加強技術創新體系建設，涌現一批具有國際競爭力的創新型企業和新型研發機構。深入開展大眾創業、萬眾創新，實施普惠性支持政策，完善孵化體系。各類市場主體達到9800多萬戶，五年增加70%以上。國內有效發明專利擁有量增加兩倍，技術交易額翻了一番。我國科技創新由跟跑為主轉向更多領域并跑、領跑，成為全球矚目的創新創業熱土。

Third, with a commitment to innovation-driven development, and a focus on unlocking public creativity, we have achieved a remarkable improvement in our general capacity for making innovations and for seeing that innovation delivers.We have put into action the innovation-driven development strategy and worked to build a better ecosystem for innovation, giving shape to innovation involving multiple actors making across-the-board advances.Research institutes and universities now have greater say over their research;research projects and funding are better managed, and the way of managing rights and interests relating to scientific and technological advances has undergone reform.We have supported Beijing and Shanghai in building themselves into centers for scientific and technological innovation, and set up 14 new national innovation demonstration zones, thus creating a number of regional innovation hubs.With enterprises as the main actors, we have boosted the development of a system for technological innovation.China has seen the emergence of a number of world-class innovative enterprises and new-type R&D institutions.We have launched and taken bold moves in the nationwide business startup and innovation initiative, adopted support policies designed to benefit all entrepreneurs and innovators, and improved the incubation system.China’s market entities, all types included, now total over 98 million, an increase of more than 70 percent over the past five years.The number of in-force Chinese invention patents issued in China has tripled, and the volume of technology transactions has doubled.In the global race of scientific and technological innovation, China has shifted place, from following others to keeping pace and even leading the pack in more and more areas.Our country has become a globally recognized fertile ground for innovation and business ventures.（四）堅持全面深化改革，著力破除體制機制弊端，發展動力不斷增強。國企國資改革扎實推進，公司制改革基本完成，兼并重組、壓減層級、提質增效取得積極進展。國有企業效益明顯好轉，去年利潤增長23.5%。深化能源、鐵路、鹽業等領域改革。放寬非公有制經濟市場準入。建立不動產統一登記制度。完善產權保護制度。財稅改革取得重大進展，全面推行財政預決算公開，構建以共享稅為主的中央和地方收入分配格局，啟動中央與地方財政事權和支出責任劃分改革，中央對地方一般性轉移支付規模大幅增加、專項轉移支付項目減少三分之二。基本放開利率管制，建立存款保險制度，推動大中型商業銀行設立普惠金融事業部，深化政策性、開發性金融機構改革，強化金融監管協調機制。完善城鄉義務教育均衡發展促進機制，改革考試招生制度。建立統一的城鄉居民基本養老、醫療保險制度，實現機關事業單位和企業養老保險制度并軌。出臺劃轉部分國有資本充實社保基金方案。實施醫療、醫保、醫藥聯動改革，全面推開公立醫院綜合改革，取消長期實行的藥品加成政策，藥品醫療器械審批制度改革取得突破。推進農村承包地“三權”分置改革、確權面積超過80%，改革重要農產品收儲制度。完善主體功能區制度，建立生態文明績效考評和責任追究制度，推行河長制、湖長制，開展省級以下環保機構垂直管理制度改革試點。各領域改革的深化，推動了經濟社會持續健康發展。

Fourth, with a commitment to deepening reform across the board, we have taken major steps to remove institutional barriers, thus steadily boosting the driving forces powering development.Solid progress has been made in the reform of state-owned enterprises(SOEs)and state assets;the reform to convert SOEs into standard companies has now basically been completed;and efforts to merge and restructure, reduce the organizational levels in, and improve the quality and efficiency of SOEs have made good progress.The performance of SOEs has been much improved, with profits last year growing by 23.5 percent.We have deepened reform in sectors like energy, rail, and the salt industry.Market access to the non-public sector has been expanded.An integrated registration system for immovable property has been put in place, and the property rights protection system has been improved.Fiscal and tax reforms have made major progress.We have introduced the requirement nationwide for government budgets and final accounts to be released to the public, developed a system based mainly on tax sharing for dividing revenue between central and local government, launched the reform to define the respective financial powers and expenditure responsibilities of central and local government, and significantly scaled up general transfer payments from central to local government, while also cutting by two thirds the number of items for which special purpose transfer payments are made.We have largely lifted controls on interest rates, established a deposit insurance system, encouraged large and medium commercial banks to set up inclusive finance divisions, deepened the reform of policy-backed and development financial institutions, and strengthened the mechanisms for coordinating financial regulation.We have improved the mechanisms for promoting more balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education, and reformed the examination and enrollment systems.We have established unified basic pension and health insurance schemes for rural and non-working urban residents, and brought government office and public institution pension schemes into line with enterprise schemes.We have unveiled a plan for appropriating a share of state capital to replenish social security funds.We have carried out coordinated medical service, medical insurance, and pharmaceutical reforms.We have introduced a comprehensive reform in all public hospitals, rescinded the policy, long in effect, of allowing hospitals to profit from higher priced medicine, and made breakthroughs in the reform of approval systems for medicine and medical devices.We have pursued reform to separate rural land ownership rights, contract rights, and use rights, and already seen that over 80 percent of contracted rural land covered by this reform.We have reformed the system for purchasing and stockpiling important agricultural products.We have improved the functional zoning system, established performance evaluation and accountability systems for ecological conservation, and instituted the river chief and lake chief systems.We have piloted a system placing government environmental offices below the provincial level directly under the supervision of provincial-level environmental offices.The deepening of reform in each and every field has given a boost to sustained, healthy economic and social development.（五）堅持對外開放的基本國策，著力實現合作共贏，開放型經濟水平顯著提升。倡導和推動共建“一帶一路”，發起創辦亞投行，設立絲路基金，一批重大互聯互通、經貿合作項目落地。設立上海等11個自貿試驗區，一批改革試點成果向全國推廣。改革出口退稅負擔機制、退稅增量全部由中央財政負擔，設立13個跨境電商綜合試驗區，國際貿易“單一窗口”覆蓋全國，貨物通關時間平均縮短一半以上，進出口實現回穩向好。外商投資由審批制轉向負面清單管理，限制性措施削減三分之二。外商投資結構優化，高技術產業占比提高一倍。加大引智力度，來華工作的外國專家增加40%。引導對外投資健康發展。推進國際產能合作，高鐵、核電等裝備走向世界。新簽和升級8個自由貿易協定。滬港通、深港通、債券通相繼啟動，人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權貨幣籃子，人民幣國際化邁出重要步伐。中國開放的擴大，有力促進了自身發展，給世界帶來重大機遇。

Fifth, with a commitment to China’s fundamental policy of opening-up, we have focused on promoting win-win cooperation, and significantly improved the performance of our country’s open economy.We have launched and worked with other countries in the Belt and Road Initiative.We initiated the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, set up the Silk Road Fund, and launched a number of major connectivity and economic and trade cooperation initiatives.Beginning with the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone, we have established 11 pilot free trade zones.A number of successful outcomes from pilot reforms are now being applied nationwide.We have reformed the cost-sharing mechanism for export tax rebates, and the central government now pays the full sum of increases in export tax rebates.We have set up 13 comprehensive experimental zones for cross-border e-commerce.Single-window document processing for international trade has been applied nationwide, cutting the average time for customs clearance by over half.Imports and exports have rebounded and steadily grown.For foreign investment, we have replaced the approval system with a negative list model, and have cut restrictions by two thirds.The composition of foreign investment has improved, with investment in high-tech industries doubling.We have intensified efforts to attract talent, and the number of foreign experts working in China has grown by 40 percent.We have guided the healthy development of outbound investment.We have moved forward with international cooperation on production capacity;high-speed rail, nuclear power, and other types of Chinese equipment have entered international markets.We have signed or upgraded eight free trade agreements.We have launched the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect, the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect, and the Bond Connect.The RMB was included in the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights basket, representing a major step forward in its internationalization.China has opened its doors wider to the world.This opening has played a powerful role in our own development, and it presents important opportunities for the rest of the world.（六）堅持實施區域協調發展和新型城鎮化戰略，著力推動平衡發展，新的增長極增長帶加快成長。積極推進京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展，編制實施相關規劃，建設一批重點項目。出臺一系列促進西部開發、東北振興、中部崛起、東部率先發展的改革創新舉措。加大對革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區扶持力度，加強援藏援疆援青工作。海洋保護和開發有序推進。實施重點城市群規劃，促進大中小城市和小城鎮協調發展。絕大多數城市放寬落戶限制，居住證制度全面實施，城鎮基本公共服務向常住人口覆蓋。城鄉區域發展協調性顯著增強。

Sixth, with a commitment to implementing the coordinated regional development and new urbanization strategies, we have promoted more balanced development, and seen new growth poles and belts developing faster.We have actively pursued coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, and the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt, drawn up and implemented related plans, and undertaken a number of key projects.We have unveiled a whole series of reforms and innovative measures to see the western region develop, northeast China revitalized, the central region rise, and the eastern region spearhead development.We have stepped up support for old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas, and strengthened aid work in Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai.We have steadily moved forward with protecting and developing maritime resources.We have implemented plans for developing major city clusters, and pursued more balanced development of small, medium, and large cities, and small towns.The vast majority of cities in China have eased restrictions on permanent residency.A residence card system has been put into effect nationwide, and basic urban public services now cover all permanent residents.Development between urban and rural areas and between regions has become better coordinated.（七）堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，著力保障和改善民生，人民群眾獲得感不斷增強。在財力緊張情況下，持續加大民生投入。全面推進精準扶貧、精準脫貧，健全中央統籌、省負總責、市縣抓落實的工作機制，中央財政五年投入專項扶貧資金2800多億元。實施積極的就業政策，重點群體就業得到較好保障。堅持教育優先發展，財政性教育經費占國內生產總值比例持續超過4%。改善農村義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件，提高鄉村教師待遇，營養改善計劃惠及3600多萬農村學生。啟動世界一流大學和一流學科建設。重點高校專項招收農村和貧困地區學生人數由1萬人增加到10萬人。加大對各類學校家庭困難學生資助力度，4.3億人次受益。勞動年齡人口平均受教育年限提高到10.5年。居民基本醫保人均財政補助標準由240元提高到450元，大病保險制度基本建立、已有1700多萬人次受益，異地就醫住院費用實現直接結算，分級診療和醫聯體建設加快推進。持續合理提高退休人員基本養老金。提高低保、優撫等標準，完善社會救助制度，近6000萬低保人員和特困群眾基本生活得到保障。建立困難和重度殘疾人“兩項補貼”制度，惠及2100多萬人。實施全面兩孩政策。加快發展文化事業，文化產業年均增長13%以上。全民健身廣泛開展，體育健兒勇創佳績。

Seventh, with a commitment to a people-centered development philosophy, we have endeavored to ensure and improve living standards and seen the growing satisfaction of the people.Despite fiscal constraints, we have consistently increased spending on improving people’s living standards.We have made comprehensive moves in targeted poverty reduction and alleviation, and built a robust working mechanism with central government responsible for overall planning, provincial-level governments assuming overall responsibility, and city and county governments responsible for program implementation.Over the past five years, the central government has appropriated over 280 billion yuan to fund poverty reduction.We have implemented a proactive employment policy and ensured that key target groups have better access to employment.We have been committed to prioritizing the development of education;and government spending on education has remained above four percent of GDP.In rural areas, we have improved conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education, and increased the pay packages of teachers, and our Better Nutrition Plan has benefited more than 36 million students.We have launched an initiative to build world-class universities and world-class disciplines.The number of students from rural and poor areas enrolled in key universities through special programs has grown from 10,000 to 100,000.We have increased financial aid to students from financially-challenged families studying in all types of schools, giving out 430 million grants in total.The average length of schooling of the working-age population has been raised to 10.5 years.Government subsidies for basic medical insurance schemes have been increased from 240 to 450 yuan per person;the serious disease insurance system is basically in place, and has already benefited more than 17 million people;the costs of hospitalization can now be settled where incurred;and the development of tiered medical diagnosis and treatment and healthcare consortiums has picked up pace.We have consistently made appropriate increases to basic old-age pensions for retirees.We have raised subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and other allowances, and improved the social assistance system, ensuring the livelihoods of close to 60 million people on subsistence allowances or living in extreme poverty.We have put in place a system to provide living allowances for people with disabilities in financial difficulty and nursing care subsidies for people with serious disabilities, a system that has benefited over 21 million people.All couples can now have two children.We have moved faster to develop cultural programs, and seen the cultural industry grow at an average annual rate of over 13 percent.We have carried out Fitness-for-All programs, which are now in full swing;and Chinese athletes have excelled in competition.（八）堅持人與自然和諧發展，著力治理環境污染，生態文明建設取得明顯成效。樹立綠水青山就是金山銀山理念，以前所未有的決心和力度加強生態環境保護。重拳整治大氣污染，重點地區細顆粒物（PM2.5）平均濃度下降30%以上。加強散煤治理，推進重點行業節能減排，71%的煤電機組實現超低排放。優化能源結構，煤炭消費比重下降8.1個百分點，清潔能源消費比重提高6.3個百分點。提高燃油品質，淘汰黃標車和老舊車2000多萬輛。加強重點流域海域水污染防治，化肥農藥使用量實現零增長。推進重大生態保護和修復工程，擴大退耕還林還草還濕，加強荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失綜合治理。開展中央環保督察，嚴肅查處違法案件。積極推動《巴黎協定》簽署生效，我國在應對全球氣候變化中發揮了重要作用。

Eighth, with a commitment to achieving harmony between human and nature, we have taken major steps to address pollution, and achieved notable progress in ecological conservation.We have established the notion that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets and acted with resolve and intensity as never before to strengthen environmental protection.We have struck out hard against air pollution, thus achieving a drop of over 30 percent in the average density of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)in key areas.We have done more to reduce the use of low quality coal, pushed for progress in energy conservation and emission reductions in key industries, and seen 71 percent of coal-fired power plants achieving ultra-low emissions.We have improved the energy mix, cutting the share of coal consumption by 8.1 percentage points and increasing the share of clean energy consumption by 6.3 percentage points.We have improved fuel quality, and taken over 20 million high-emission and old vehicles off the roads.We have strengthened prevention and control measures against water pollution in key drainage basins and sea areas, and achieved zero growth in chemical fertilizer and pesticide use.We have pursued major ecological conservation and restoration projects, expanded the coverage of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest, grassland, and wetlands, and intensified comprehensive efforts to curb desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion.We have launched central government inspections on environmental protection and investigated and prosecuted cases involving legal violations.We worked toward and saw that the Paris Agreement was put into force;China has played an important role in responding to global climate change.（九）堅持依法全面履行政府職能，著力加強和創新社會治理，社會保持和諧穩定。提請全國人大常委會制定修訂法律95部，制定修訂行政法規195部，修改廢止一大批部門規章。省、市、縣政府部門制定公布權責清單。開展國務院大督查和專項督查，對積極作為、成效突出的給予表彰和政策激勵，對不作為的嚴肅問責。創新城鄉基層治理。完善信訪工作制度。擴大法律援助范圍。促進安全生產領域改革發展，事故總量和重特大事故數量持續下降。改革完善食品藥品監管，強化風險全程管控。加強地震、特大洪災等防災減災救災工作，健全分級負責、相互協同的應急機制，最大程度降低了災害損失。加強國家安全。健全社會治安防控體系，依法打擊各類違法犯罪，有力維護了公共安全。

Ninth, with a commitment to fully performing government functions in accordance with law, we have focused on enhancing and developing new forms of social governance, and ensured social harmony and stability.We have submitted proposals to the NPC Standing Committee on formulating or revising 95 laws, formulated or revised 195 sets of administrative regulations, and revised or rescinded a large number of government department regulations.Lists of powers and obligations have been formulated and released by provincial, city, and county government departments.We have introduced State Council accountability inspections and special inspections, and commended and created policy incentives for those working proactively and doing an outstanding job, while holding strictly to account those failing to fulfill their duties.We have been making innovations in urban and rural primary level governance.The system for handling public complaints has been improved.The coverage of legal aid has been expanded.We have promoted reform and improvements in workplace safety, and seen a continued drop in both the total number of accidents and the number of serious and major accidents.We have reformed and improved food and drug regulation and strengthened risk control over all related processes.We have strengthened work on preventing, reducing, and providing relief for disasters, including earthquakes and serious flooding, and built stronger emergency response mechanisms employing a division of responsibilities between levels and close coordination.With this we have minimized the damage and loss inflicted by disasters to the greatest possible extent.China’s national security is better safeguarded.We have improved the crime prevention and control system, worked in accordance with law to hit back against all types of crime and illegal behavior, and effectively safeguarded public security.貫徹落實黨中央全面從嚴治黨部署，加強黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭。深入開展黨的群眾路線教育實踐活動、“三嚴三實”專題教育、“兩學一做”學習教育，認真落實黨中央八項規定精神，持之以恒糾正“四風”，嚴格執行國務院“約法三章”。嚴控新建政府性樓堂館所和財政供養人員總量，“三公”經費大幅壓減。加強行政監察和審計監督。堅決查處和糾正違法違規行為，嚴厲懲處腐敗分子，反腐敗斗爭壓倒性態勢已經形成并鞏固發展。

We have implemented the Party Central Committee’s decisions on exercising full and strict Party self-governance and done more to improve Party conduct, build a clean government, and fight corruption.We have taken extensive action in raising awareness of and putting into practice the Party’s mass line, in the Three Stricts and Three Earnests* campaign, and in the drive to see that Party members develop a good understanding of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major policy addresses and live up to Party standards.We have worked hard to ensure compliance with the Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving conduct and staying engaged with the people and worked nonstop to address the practice of formalities for formalities’ sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance.We have strictly enforced the three-point State Council decision on curbing government spending.(* The Three Stricts and Three Earnests refers to the need to be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline;and to be earnest in one’s thinking, work, and behavior.)

We have enforced strict controls over the construction of new government buildings and over the total number of people on the government payroll;and spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality has been significantly reduced.We have strengthened government supervision and auditing-based oversight.We have taken strong steps to investigate, prosecute, and address violations of laws and regulations and severely punished those who have committed corruption.The anti-corruption campaign has built into a crushing tide, a tide with stronger and growing momentum.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies，過去五年，民族、宗教、僑務等工作創新推進。支持民族地區加快發展，民族團結進步事業取得長足進展。積極引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應。海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷在國家現代化建設中作出了獨特貢獻。

Over the past five years, we have made new improvements in work related to ethnic groups, religion, and overseas Chinese nationals.We have supported faster development in areas with large ethnic minority populations, and have seen efforts to promote ethnic unity and progress truly paying off.We have actively guided religions in adapting to socialist society.Overseas Chinese nationals, Chinese nationals who have returned from overseas, and the relatives of overseas Chinese nationals who reside in China have made their own unique contributions to the country’s modernization.過去五年，在黨中央、中央軍委領導下，強軍興軍開創新局面。制定新形勢下軍事戰略方針，召開古田全軍政治工作會議，深入推進政治建軍、改革強軍、科技興軍、依法治軍，人民軍隊實現政治生態重塑、組織形態重塑、力量體系重塑、作風形象重塑。有效遂行海上維權、反恐維穩、搶險救災、國際維和、亞丁灣護航、人道主義救援等重大任務。各方配合基本完成裁減軍隊員額30萬任務。軍事裝備現代化水平顯著提升，軍民融合深度發展。人民軍隊面貌煥然一新，在中國特色強軍之路上邁出堅實步伐。

Over the past five years, under the leadership of the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, we have embarked on a new stage in strengthening and energizing the armed forces.We have developed a military strategy for new conditions;convened the Gutian military political work meeting;and taken extensive steps to see that the armed forces are built on political loyalty, strengthened through reform and technology, and run in accordance with law.As a result, our people’s armed forces have achieved a remodeling of their political ecosystem, of the way they are organized, of the structure of their forces, and of their conduct and image.We have undertaken major missions involving the protection of maritime rights, countering terrorism and maintaining stability, disaster rescue and relief, international peacekeeping, escort services in the Gulf of Aden, and humanitarian rescue.With the cooperation of all those involved, we have basically completed the task of reducing the armed forces by 300,000 troops.Military equipment has been significantly modernized, and we have deepened military-civilian integration.The people’s armed forces, full of new drive, have taken solid strides toward building themselves into a powerful military with Chinese characteristics.過去五年，港澳臺工作取得新進展。“一國兩制”實踐不斷豐富和發展，憲法和基本法權威在港澳進一步彰顯，內地與港澳交流合作深入推進，港珠澳大橋全線貫通，香港、澳門保持繁榮穩定。堅持一個中國原則和“九二共識”，加強兩岸經濟文化交流合作，實現兩岸領導人歷史性會晤。堅決反對和遏制“臺獨”分裂勢力，有力維護了臺海和平穩定。

Over the past five years, fresh progress has been made in work related to Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.The practice of “one country, two systems” has been consistently enriched and developed;the authority of China’s Constitution and the basic laws of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions has been further raised in these two regions.Exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and Hong Kong and Macao have been steadily enhanced;the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has been completed, and Hong Kong and Macao have thrived and remained stable.We have upheld the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, strengthened cross-Strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, and held a historic meeting between the leaders of the two sides.We have resolutely opposed and deterred separatist forces advocating Taiwan independence, firmly safeguarding peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait.過去五年，中國特色大國外交全面推進。成功舉辦首屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇、亞太經濟合作組織領導人非正式會議、二十國集團領導人杭州峰會、金磚國家領導人廈門會晤等重大主場外交。習近平主席等國家領導人出訪多國，出席聯合國系列峰會、氣候變化大會、世界經濟論壇、東亞合作領導人系列會議等重大活動，全方位外交布局深入展開。倡導構建人類命運共同體，為全球治理體系變革貢獻更多中國智慧。經濟外交、人文交流卓有成效。堅定維護國家主權和海洋權益。中國作為負責任大國，在解決國際和地區熱點問題上發揮了重要建設性作用，為世界和平與發展作出新的重大貢獻。

Over the past five years, we have pursued distinctively Chinese major country diplomacy on all fronts.We successfully hosted the first Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the G20 Hangzhou Summit, the BRICS Xiamen Summit, and other major diplomatic events at home.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended major events including United Nations summits, Climate Change Conferences, World Economic Forum meetings, and the East Asian Leaders Meetings on Cooperation.China’s diplomatic agenda has been further advanced on every front.China has called for building a community with a shared future for mankind and has contributed more Chinese ideas to the reform of the global governance system.Notable achievements have been made in our country’s economic diplomacy and people-to-people and cultural exchanges.We have been resolute in upholding China’s sovereignty and maritime rights and interests.As a responsible major country, China has played a constructive role in addressing international and regional hotspot issues, thus making significant new contributions to global peace and development.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies，回顧過去五年，諸多矛盾交織疊加，各種風險挑戰接踵而至，國內外很多情況是改革開放以來沒有碰到過的，我國改革發展成就實屬來之不易。這是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導的結果，是習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想科學指引的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民團結奮斗的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！

Looking back at the past five years, we have encountered a great many interwoven problems and a stream of risks and challenges.Both at home and abroad, there have been many new developments, developments that we have not faced since reform and opening-up began.The achievements we have made in China’s reform and development have certainly not come easily.We owe them to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and to the concerted efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of all our nation’s ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express sincere thanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to all other political parties, people’s organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society.I express our sincere appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas.I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in its endeavor to modernize.安不忘危，興不忘憂。我們清醒認識到，我國仍處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段，仍是世界最大發展中國家，發展不平衡不充分的一些突出問題尚未解決。經濟增長內生動力還不夠足，創新能力還不夠強，發展質量和效益不夠高，一些企業特別是中小企業經營困難，民間投資增勢疲弱，部分地區經濟下行壓力較大，金融等領域風險隱患不容忽視。脫貧攻堅任務艱巨，農業基礎仍然薄弱，城鄉區域發展和收入分配差距依然較大。重特大安全生產事故時有發生。在空氣質量、環境衛生、食品藥品安全和住房、教育、醫療、就業、養老等方面，群眾還有不少不滿意的地方。政府職能轉變還不到位。政府工作存在不足，有些改革舉措和政策落實不力，一些干部服務意識和法治意識不強、工作作風不實、擔當精神不夠，形式主義、官僚主義不同程度存在。群眾和企業對辦事難、亂收費意見較多。一些領域不正之風和腐敗問題仍然多發。我們一定要以對國家和人民高度負責的精神，以不畏艱難的勇氣、堅忍不拔的意志，盡心竭力做好工作，使人民政府不負人民重托！

As the Chinese saying goes, when all is calm, forget not danger;when all is well, be awake to woes.We are keenly aware that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come, that it remains the largest developing country in the world, and that it faces a number of acute problems caused by unbalanced and inadequate development that so far have remained unsolved.

第三篇：2017 政府工作報告中英對照

2017 政府工作報告中英對照

發表于2017年3月16日由CATTI考試資料與資訊

新華社北京3月16日電 政府工作報告

——2017年3月5日在第十二屆全國人民代表大會第五次會議上 國務院總理 李克強

BEIJING, March 16(Xinhua)— Following is the full text of the Report on the Work of the Government delivered by Premier Li Keqiang at the Fifth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress on March 5, 2017 and adopted on March 15, 2017:

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

Delivered at the Fifth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on March 5, 2017 Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。

Esteemed Deputies, On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government and ask for your deliberation and approval.I also wish to have comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2016年工作回顧

Let me begin with a review of our work in 2016.過去一年，我國發展面臨國內外諸多矛盾疊加、風險隱患交匯的嚴峻挑戰。在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民迎難而上，砥礪前行，推動經濟社會持續健康發展。In the past year, China’s development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.However, under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we the Chinese people have risen to the challenge and worked hard to press ahead, driving forward sustained, healthy economic and social development.黨的十八屆六中全會正式明確總書記的核心地位，體現了黨和人民的根本利益，對保證黨和國家興旺發達、長治久安，具有十分重大而深遠的意義。At the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th Party Central Committee,the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping was formally affirmed, which reflects the fundamental interests of the Party and the Chinese people, and is of crucial and far-reaching significance for ensuring the flourishing and long-term stability of the Party and the country.各地區、各部門不斷增強政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，推動全面建成小康社會取得新的重要進展，全面深化改革邁出重大步伐，全面依法治國深入實施，全面從嚴治黨縱深推進，全年經濟社會發展主要目標任務圓滿完成，“十三五”實現了良好開局。

All regions and all government departments have steadily strengthened their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, uphold the leadership core, and keep in alignment.Pushing ahead with all-around efforts, we have achieved major progress in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, made important strides in deepening reform, continued to exercise law-based governance, and made further progress in practicing strict Party self-governance;and we have accomplished the year’s main tasks and targets for economic and social development, and got the 13th Five-Year Plan off to a great start.——經濟運行緩中趨穩、穩中向好。國內生產總值達到74.4萬億元，增長6.7%，名列世界前茅，對全球經濟增長的貢獻率超過30%。居民消費價格上漲2%。The economy has registered a slower but stable performance with good momentum for growth.GDP reached 74.4 trillion yuan, representing 6.7-percent growth, and seeing China outpace most other economies.China contributed more than 30 percent of global growth.The CPI rose by 2 percent.工業企業利潤由上年下降2.3%轉為增長8.5%，單位國內生產總值能耗下降5%，經濟發展的質量和效益明顯提高。

With an 8.5-percent increase in profits, industrial enterprises reversed the previous year’s negative growth of 2.3 percent.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5 percent.Economic performance improved markedly in quality and returns.——就業增長超出預期。全年城鎮新增就業1314萬人。高校畢業生就業創業人數再創新高。年末城鎮登記失業率4.02%，為多年來最低。13億多人口的發展中大國，就業比較充分，十分不易。

Employment growth exceeded projections.A total of 13.14 million new urban jobs were added over the course of the year.The number of college graduates finding employment or starting businesses reached another record high.The registered urban unemployment rate stood at 4.02 percent at year-end 2016, the lowest level in years.For China, a large developing country with a population of over 1.3 billion, attaining this level of employment is no easy task.——改革開放深入推進。重要領域和關鍵環節改革取得突破性進展，供給側結構性改革初見成效。對外開放推出新舉措，“一帶一路”建設進展快速，一批重大工程和國際產能合作項目落地。

Continued advances were made in reform and opening up.Breakthroughs were made in reforms in major sectors and key links, and initial success was achieved in supply-side structural reform.New measures were introduced for opening China up, rapid progress was made in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative, and a number of major projects and industrial-capacity cooperation projects with other countries were launched.——經濟結構加快調整。消費在經濟增長中發揮主要拉動作用。服務業增加值占國內生產總值比重上升到51.6%。高技術產業、裝備制造業較快增長。農業穩中調優，糧食再獲豐收。

Economic structural adjustment was stepped up.Consumption was the main driver of economic growth.The value created by the service sector rose to 51.6 percent of GDP.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew rapidly.In agriculture, production was stable and structural adjustments were made, and we had continued good grain harvests.——發展新動能不斷增強。創新驅動發展戰略深入實施。科技領域取得一批國際領先的重大成果。新興產業蓬勃興起，傳統產業加快轉型升級。

New drivers of growth gained strength.Further progress was made in pursuing the innovation-driven development strategy, and a number of world-leading achievements were made in science and technology.Emerging industries were thriving, and the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries accelerated.大眾創業、萬眾創新廣泛開展，全年新登記企業增長24.5%，平均每天新增1.5萬戶，加上個體工商戶等，各類市場主體每天新增4.5萬戶。新動能正在撐起發展新天地。

People were busy launching businesses or making innovations, with a 24.5-percent year-on-year increase in the number of new businesses registered-an average of 15,000 new businesses daily.With self-employed traders and other market entities included we had an average of 45,000 new market entities launched per day.New growth drivers are opening new prospects for China’s development.——基礎設施支撐能力持續提升。新建高速鐵路投產里程超過1900公里，新建改建高速公路6700多公里、農村公路29萬公里。城市軌道交通、地下綜合管廊建設加快。新開工重大水利工程21項。新增第四代移動通信用戶3.4億、光纜線路550多萬公里。

Infrastructure became ever-better able to sustain development.Over 1,900 kilometers of new high-speed rail lines came into service, and more than 6,700 kilometers of expressways and 290,000 kilometers of rural roads were built or upgraded.Construction picked up pace on urban rail transit facilities and underground utility tunnels.Construction began on 21 major water conservancy projects.The number of 4G mobile communications subscribers grew by 340 million and over 5.5 million kilometers of optical fiber cables were added.——人民生活繼續改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長6.3%。農村貧困人口減少1240萬，易地扶貧搬遷人口超過240萬。棚戶區住房改造600多萬套，農村危房改造380多萬戶。國內旅游快速增長，出境旅游超過1.2億人次，城鄉居民生活水平有新的提高。

Living standards were improved.Personal per capita disposable income increased by 6.3 percent in real terms.The number of people living in poverty in rural areas was reduced by 12.4 million, including more than 2.4 million people relocated from inhospitable areas.More than 6 million homes in rundown urban areas and over 3.8 million dilapidated rural houses were renovated.In tourism, domestic trips showed rapid growth, and overseas trips exceeded 120 million.People in both urban and rural areas saw arise in living standards.我國成功主辦二十國集團領導人杭州峰會，推動取得一系列開創性、引領性、機制性重要成果，在全球經濟治理中留下深刻的中國印記。

China successfully hosted the G20 2016 Hangzhou Summit, and helped to deliver a number of important pioneering, leading, and institutional outcomes, thus doing its part for global economic governance.回顧過去一年，走過的路很不尋常。我們面對的是世界經濟和貿易增速7年來最低、國際金融市場波動加劇、地區和全球性挑戰突發多發的外部環境，面對的是國內結構性問題突出、風險隱患顯現、經濟下行壓力加大的多重困難，面對的是改革進入攻堅期、利益關系深刻調整、影響社會穩定因素增多的復雜局面。2016 was an unusual year in our country’s development.China was confronted with an external environment in which the world saw the lowest economic and trade growth in seven years, growing volatility in global financial markets, and sudden and frequent regional and global challenges.Domestically, China faced multiple difficulties: major structural problems, prominent risks and dangers, and mounting downward pressure on the economy.China found itself in a complex environment as reform entered a critical stage, profound changes took place affecting interests, and factors impacting social stability grew.在這種情況下，經濟能夠穩住很不容易，出現諸多向好變化更為難得。這再次表明，中國人民有勇氣、有智慧、有能力戰勝任何艱難險阻，中國經濟有潛力、有韌性、有優勢，中國的發展前景一定會更好。Given all these factors, it was not easy for us to maintain stable economic performance.And yet we succeeded, and even managed to make progress on many fronts.Once again, this shows that we the Chinese people have the courage, ingenuity, and ability to overcome any difficulty or hardship.It also shows that the Chinese economy possesses potential, resilience, and strengths, so we can be sure there is even better development ahead for China.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作。

I will now move on to discuss our main work last year: 一是繼續創新和加強宏觀調控，經濟運行保持在合理區間。

First, we continued to develop new and more effective ways of carrying out regulation at the macro level, thus keeping the economy performing within an appropriate range.去年宏觀調控面臨多難抉擇，我們堅持不搞“大水漫灌”式強刺激，而是依靠改革創新來穩增長、調結構、防風險，在區間調控基礎上，加強定向調控、相機調控。Last year, we faced difficult choices in conducting macro-level regulation, but we stood firm in not adopting strong stimulus policies that would have had an economy-wide impact, and strived instead to maintain steady growth, adjust the structure, and guard against risks through reform and innovation.We strengthened targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.積極的財政政策力度加大，增加的財政赤字主要用于減稅降費。全面推開營改增試點，全年降低企業稅負5700多億元，所有行業實現稅負只減不增。制定實施中央與地方增值稅收入劃分過渡方案，確保地方既有財力不變。擴大地方政府存量債務置換規模，降低利息負擔約4000億元。

More proactive fiscal policy was pursued, and the increase in the fiscal deficit was used mainly to cover tax and fee cuts.The trial replacement of business tax with value added tax(VAT)was extended to cover all sectors, slashing the tax burden of businesses for the year by over 570 billion yuan and reducing tax burdens in every sector.A transitional plan for sharing VAT revenue between the central and local governments was formulated and implemented to ensure financial resources of local governments remained unchanged.More local government bonds were issued to replace outstanding debts, reducing interest payments by roughly 400 billion yuan.穩健的貨幣政策靈活適度，廣義貨幣M2增長11.3%，低于13%左右的預期目標。綜合運用多種貨幣政策工具，支持實體經濟發展。

A prudent monetary policy was pursued in a flexible and appropriate manner.The M2 money supply increased by 11.3 percent, below our projected target of around 13 percent.We used a range of monetary policy tools to support the development of the real economy.實施促進消費升級措施。出臺鼓勵民間投資等政策，投資出現企穩態勢。分類調控房地產市場。加強金融風險防控，人民幣匯率形成機制進一步完善，保持了在合理均衡水平上的基本穩定，維護了國家經濟金融安全。

Measures were taken to upgrade consumption.We unveiled policies to encourage private investment, and saw investment begin to stabilize.We exercised category-based regulation over the real estate market.We strengthened efforts to manage financial risks.The RMB exchange rate regime continued to improve, and the exchange rate remained generally stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level.With these measures, we have safeguarded China’s economic and financial security.二是著力抓好“三去一降一補”，供給結構有所改善。

Second, we focused on five priority tasks — cutting overcapacity, reducing excess inventory, deleveraging, lowering costs, and strengthening areas of weakness — thereby improving the composition of supply.以鋼鐵、煤炭行業為重點去產能，全年退出鋼鐵產能超過6500萬噸、煤炭產能超過2.9億噸，超額完成目標任務，分流職工得到較好安置。

Particular priority was given to cutting overcapacity in the steel and coal sectors.Over the year, steel production capacity was cut by more than 65 million metric tons and coal by over 290 million metric tons, going beyond annual targets.Effective assistance was provided to laid-off employees.支持農民工在城鎮購房，提高棚改貨幣化安置比例，房地產去庫存取得積極成效。We supported migrant workers in buying urban homes;and we increased the proportion of people affected by rebuilding in rundown urban areas receiving monetary compensation, making good progress in reducing real estate inventory.推動企業兼并重組，發展直接融資，實施市場化法治化債轉股，工業企業資產負債率有所下降。

Business acquisitions and reorganizations were encouraged, direct financing was promoted, and market-and law-based debt-to-equity swaps were carried out, lowering the debt-to-asset ratio of industrial enterprises.著眼促進企業降成本，出臺減稅降費、降低“五險一金”繳費比例、下調用電價格等舉措。

To help enterprises lower operating costs, we introduced measures to cut taxes and fees, lower the share paid by enterprises for social security contributions,(1)and cut the price of electricity.加大補短板力度，辦了一批當前急需又利長遠的大事。

We boosted efforts to strengthen areas of weakness and undertook major initiatives that both help to meet urgent needs today and promise long-term benefits.三是大力深化改革開放，發展活力進一步增強。全面深化改革，推出一批標志性、支柱性改革舉措。圍繞處理好政府和市場關系這一經濟體制改革的核心問題，持續推進簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革。

Third, we worked hard to deepen reform and opening up, further strengthening the vitality of development.Reform was deepened across the board, and a good number of landmark and pillar reform initiatives were undertaken.To balance the government-market relationship — the pivotal issue in economic structural reform — we continued reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services.My administration’s goal of cutting the number of items requiring government review by a third had been achieved ahead of schedule.在提前完成本屆政府減少行政審批事項三分之一目標的基礎上，去年又取消165項國務院部門及其指定地方實施的審批事項，清理規范192項審批中介服務事項、220項職業資格許可認定事項。深化商事制度改革。

On that basis, last year we cancelled the requirement on a further 165 items for review by State Council departments and authorized local governments.We also overhauled and standardized 192 items of intermediary services for government review as well as 220 items of approvals and accreditations for professional qualifications.We deepened institutional reforms in the business sector.全面推行“雙隨機、一公開”，增強事中事后監管的有效性，推進“互聯網+政務服務”。

We introduced an oversight model of random inspection and public release across the board,(2)made operational and post-operational oversight more effective, and promoted the Internet Plus government services model.推動國有企業調整重組和混合所有制改革。建立公平競爭審查制度。深化資源稅改革。

We pushed ahead with reforms to restructure and reorganize state-owned enterprises(SOEs)and introduce into them mixed ownership structures.We established a review system to ensure fair competition.We deepened resource tax reforms.完善農村土地“三權分置”辦法，建立貧困退出機制。推進科技管理體制改革，擴大高校和科研院所自主權，出臺以增加知識價值為導向的分配政策。

We improved measures for separating rural land ownership rights, contract rights, and management rights, and established a mechanism for determining whether people have been lifted out of poverty.We made progress in reforming the science and technology management system, gave greater autonomy to colleges and research institutes, and adopted profit distribution policies oriented toward increasing the value of knowledge.放開養老服務市場。擴大公立醫院綜合改革試點，深化藥品醫療器械審評審批制度改革。

We opened up the elderly services market.We expanded the trials of comprehensive reforms in public hospitals and deepened reform of the evaluation and approval systems for medicine and medical equipment.制定自然資源統一確權登記辦法，開展省以下環保機構監測監察執法垂直管理、耕地輪作休耕改革等試點，全面推行河長制，健全生態保護補償機制。改革為經濟社會發展增添了新動力。

We formulated unified measures to determine and register natural resource rights.We piloted reforms for conducting direct oversight by provincial-level environmental protection agencies over the environmental monitoring and inspection work of environmental protection agencies below the provincial level, as well as crop rotation and fallow land reforms.The river chief system was introduced for all lakes and rivers across the country, and the mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts were improved.Reform has given new impetus to economic and social development.積極擴大對外開放。推進“一帶一路”建設，與沿線國家加強戰略對接、務實合作。We opened China wider to the rest of the world.As we pushed ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative, we worked to increase complementarity between the development strategies of, and practical cooperation between, China and other countries along the routes.人民幣正式納入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權貨幣籃子。“深港通”開啟。完善促進外貿發展措施，新設12個跨境電子商務綜合試驗區，進出口逐步回穩。The RMB was formally included in the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights basket.The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect was launched.We improved measures for promoting trade, and built 12 new integrated experimental zones for cross-border e-commerce, bringing about a steady recovery in the volume of import and export.推廣上海等自貿試驗區改革創新成果，新設7個自貿試驗區。除少數實行準入特別管理措施領域外，外資企業設立及變更一律由審批改為備案管理。實際使用外資1300多億美元，繼續位居發展中國家首位。

The new practices of pilot free trade zones in Shanghai and elsewhere were used to establish another seven pilot zones.The requirement for review and approval for setting up and making significant adjustments to foreign enterprises was replaced by a simple filing process, with the exception of a few areas where special market access requirements apply.In 2016, China utilized more than US$130 billion of overseas investment, continuing to rank first among developing countries.四是強化創新引領，新動能快速成長。

Fourth, we strengthened innovation’s leading role, spurring the rapid development of new growth drivers.深入推進“互聯網+”行動和國家大數據戰略，全面實施《中國制造2025》，落實和完善“雙創”政策措施。部署啟動面向2030年的科技創新重大項目，支持北京、上海建設具有全球影響力的科技創新中心，新設6個國家自主創新示范區。We took further steps to implement the Internet Plus action plan and the national big data strategy, fully implemented the Made in China 2025 initiative, and implemented and improved policies and measures to encourage people to launch businesses and innovate.We developed and launched a plan for completing major science and technology programs by 2030, supported Beijing and Shanghai in building themselves into global R&D centers, and established another six national innovation demonstration zones.Notes:(1)This includes old-age insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance, workers’ compensation, maternity insurance, and housing provident fund schemes.(2)The model comprises inspections of randomly selected entities by randomly selected inspectors and the public release of inspection results.全社會研發經費支出與國內生產總值之比達到2.08%。國內有效發明專利擁有量突破100萬件，技術交易額超過1萬億元。科技進步貢獻率上升到56.2%，創新對發展的支撐作用明顯增強。

China’s R&D spending reached 2.08 percent of GDP.The number of in-force Chinese patents issued in China passed the million mark, and the value of technology transactions exceeded one trillion yuan.The contribution of scientific and technological progress to economic growth rose to 56.2 percent, and innovation’s role in powering development grew markedly.五是促進區域城鄉協調發展，新的增長極增長帶加快形成。

Fifth, we promoted more balanced development between regions and between rural and urban areas, and saw faster emergence of new growth poles and growth belts.深入實施“一帶一路”建設、京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展三大戰略，啟動建設一批重點項目。編制西部大開發“十三五”規劃，實施新一輪東北振興戰略，推動中部地區崛起，支持東部地區率先發展。

We stepped up work to implement the three strategic initiatives(the Belt and Road, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration, and the Yangtze Economic Belt), and began construction on a number of key projects.We formulated the plan for the 13th Five-Year Plan period for large-scale development in the western region, launched a new round of initiatives as part of the Northeast revitalization strategy, drove progress in the rise of the central region, and supported the eastern region in leading the rest of the country in pursuing development.加快推進新型城鎮化，深化戶籍制度改革，全面推行居住證制度，又有1600萬人進城落戶。發展的協同疊加效應不斷顯現。

We sped up efforts to promote new types of urbanization, deepened reform of the household registration system, introduced the residence card system nationwide, and granted urban residency to another 16 million people from rural areas.The synergy building through coordinated development became more and more evident.六是加強生態文明建設，綠色發展取得新進展。Sixth, we strengthened ecological conservation and made fresh progress in pursuing green development.制定實施生態文明建設目標評價考核辦法，建設國家生態文明試驗區。強化大氣污染治理，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量分別下降5.6%和4%，74個重點城市細顆粒物（PM2.5）年均濃度下降9.1%。優化能源結構，清潔能源消費比重提高1.7個百分點，煤炭消費比重下降2個百分點。

We formulated and introduced measures for assessing progress made in ecological improvement, and established national pilot zones for ecological conservation.We took stronger measures against air pollution and, as a result, saw a 5.6-percent decline in sulfur dioxide emissions, a 4-percent cut in nitrogen oxide emissions, and a 9.1-percent drop in the annual average density of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)in 74 key cities.We continued to improve the energy mix, increasing the share of clean energy consumption by 1.7 percentage points and cutting the share of coal consumption by 2 percentage points.推進水污染防治，出臺土壤污染防治行動計劃。開展中央環境保護督察，嚴肅查處一批環境違法案件，推動了環保工作深入開展。

We continued efforts to prevent and control water pollution, and adopted an action plan for preventing and controlling soil pollution.Central government inspections on environmental protection accountability were launched and violations of environmental protection laws were investigated and prosecuted, giving impetus to deeper efforts to protect the environment.七是注重保障和改善民生，人民群眾獲得感增強。

Seventh, we gave particular attention to ensuring and improving living standards, helping Chinese people gain a stronger sense of benefit.在財政收支壓力加大情況下，民生投入繼續增加。出臺新的就業創業政策，扎實做好重點人群、重點地區就業工作。全面推進脫貧攻堅，全國財政專項扶貧資金投入超過1000億元。提高低保、優撫、退休人員基本養老金等標準，為1700多萬困難和重度殘疾人發放生活或護理補貼。Despite growing pressure from fiscal imbalance, we continued to increase inputs in areas related to living standards.We launched new policies on employment and business startups, and carried out solid work on increasing employment for key target groups and priority regions.We made all-around progress in key battles to eradicate poverty and earmarked over 100 billion yuan from government budgets for poverty relief.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, basic pension payments, and other subsidies;and over 17 million people benefited through the provision of cost-of-living allowances for people with disabilities in financial difficulty and nursing care subsidies for people with severe disabilities.財政性教育經費支出占國內生產總值比例繼續超過4%。重點高校招收貧困地區農村學生人數增長21.3%。免除農村貧困家庭學生普通高中學雜費。全年資助各類學校家庭困難學生8400多萬人次。

Fiscal spending on education continued to be over 4 percent of GDP.The number of students from poor rural areas enrolled in key universities grew by 21.3 percent.We waived tuition and miscellaneous fees for students from poor rural families at regular senior high schools.Over the course of the year, more than 84 million grants were given to students from poor families studying in all types of schools.整合城鄉居民基本醫保制度，提高財政補助標準。增加基本公共衛生服務經費。實現大病保險全覆蓋，符合規定的省內異地就醫住院費用可直接結算。The basic health insurance systems for rural and nonworking urban residents were merged and government subsidies for the system were increased.More funding was provided for basic public health services.Full coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was achieved, and healthcare costs meeting relevant provisions can now be settled on the spot when incurred anywhere within the provincial-level administrative area where insurance is registered.加強基層公共文化服務。實施全民健身計劃，體育健兒在里約奧運會、殘奧會上再創佳績。

We increased public cultural services at the community level.The Fitness for All initiative was launched, and Chinese athletes gave an excellent performance at the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro.去年部分地區特別是長江流域發生嚴重洪澇等災害，通過及時有力開展搶險救災，緊急轉移安置900多萬人次，最大限度降低了災害損失，恢復重建有序進行。

Last year, parts of the country, especially the Yangtze basin, were hit by severe flooding and other disasters.We acted quickly to provide effective rescue and relief, swiftly relocated over 9 million people, minimized damage and loss, and made systematic progress with recovery and reconstruction efforts.八是推進政府建設和治理創新，社會保持和諧穩定。

Eighth, we continued to enhance government performance and improve governance, thus ensuring social harmony and stability.國務院提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案13件，制定修訂行政法規8件。完善公共決策吸納民意機制，認真辦理人大代表建議和政協委員提案。推進政務公開，省級政府部門權力和責任清單全面公布。

The State Council submitted 13 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress(NPC)for approval and adopted or revised 8 sets of administrative regulations.We improved mechanisms for drawing on public opinions in decision making on public issues and worked with keen attention to handle the proposals and suggestions of NPC deputies and CPPCC National Committee members.We made progress in strengthening government transparency by releasing lists of the powers and responsibilities of all provincial-level government departments.加大督查問責力度，組織開展第三次國務院大督查，對去產能、民間投資等政策落實情況進行專項督查和第三方評估，嚴肅查處一些地區違規新建鋼鐵項目、生產銷售“地條鋼”等行為。

We intensified accountability inspections.The third State Council accountability inspection was carried out;special inspections and third-party evaluations were conducted on the implementation of policies related to cutting overcapacity and encouraging private investment;and new steel projects launched in breach of regulations and the production and sale of substandard steel products were strictly investigated and dealt with.加強安全生產工作，事故總量和重特大事故數量繼續下降。

We strengthened workplace safety efforts and saw a continued decline in the total number of accidents and in the number of accidents of a serious nature.強化社會治安綜合治理，依法打擊違法犯罪，有力維護了國家安全和公共安全。We took comprehensive measures to maintain law and order and, in accordance with law, cracked down on crime and other violations, effectively safeguarding national and public security.扎實開展“兩學一做”學習教育，認真落實黨中央八項規定精神，堅決糾正“四風”，嚴格執行國務院“約法三章”。

We carried out in earnest activities to enable Party members to gain a good understanding of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major policy addresses and to meet Party standards.We worked scrupulously to ensure compliance with the Party Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct, took firm action to address formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorously enforced the State Council’s three-point decision on curbing government spending.依法懲處一批腐敗分子，反腐敗斗爭形成壓倒性態勢。

We punished a number of corrupt officials in accordance with law, and the fight against corruption has built up irresistible momentum.過去一年，中國特色大國外交卓有成效。習近平主席等國家領導人出訪多國，出席亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、上海合作組織峰會、金磚國家領導人會晤、核安全峰會、聯大系列高級別會議、亞歐首腦會議、東亞合作領導人系列會議等重大活動。成功舉辦瀾滄江－湄公河合作首次領導人會議。

As a major country, China has made outstanding achievements in its diplomacy with distinctive features over the past year.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders visited many countries.They attended major international events, including the 24th APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit, the BRICS Leaders Meeting, the Nuclear Security Summit, high-level meetings of the 71st session of the UN General Assembly, the Asia-Europe Meeting, and the East Asian leaders meetings on cooperation.We hosted the first-ever Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Leaders Meeting.同主要大國協調合作得到加強，同周邊國家全面合作持續推進，同發展中國家友好合作不斷深化，同聯合國等國際組織聯系更加密切。

China’s coordination and cooperation with other major countries were strengthened, its comprehensive cooperation with neighboring countries continued to be boosted, its friendship and cooperation with other developing countries were deepened, and its interactions with the UN and other international organizations became closer.積極促進全球治理體系改革與完善。推動《巴黎協定》生效。經濟外交、人文交流成果豐碩。堅定維護國家領土主權和海洋權益。中國作為負責任大國，在國際和地區事務中發揮了建設性作用，為世界和平與發展作出了重要貢獻。China was actively involved in reforming and improving the global governance system.We played our part in ensuring that the Paris Agreement was put into force.Economic diplomacy and personal and cultural exchanges yielded notable outcomes.We were resolute in upholding China’s sovereignty, territorial integrity, and maritime rights and interests.As a responsible major country, China has been playing a constructive role in international and regional issues and has made significant contributions to world peace and development.隆重慶祝中國共產黨成立95周年，隆重紀念中國工農紅軍長征勝利80周年，宣示了我們不忘初心、繼續前進、戰勝一切困難的堅強意志，彰顯了全國人民走好新的長征路、不斷奪取新勝利的堅定決心！

We celebrated the 95th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China and the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Long March of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army, demonstrating our unshakeable will to remain true to the founding mission of the Party, to keep pressing ahead, and to overcome all difficulties, and showing the firm determination of all Chinese people to keep up our stride on the new Long March and continue striving for new victories.各位代表！

過去一年取得的成績，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央正確領導的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民團結奮斗的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設事業的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！Esteemed Deputies，We owe all the achievements made over the past year to the sound leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and the concerted efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of all our nation’s ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to all our people, including public figures from all sectors of society, and to other parties and people’s organizations.I express our sincere appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to express our heartfelt thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in its endeavor to modernize.我們也清醒看到，經濟社會發展中還存在不少困難和問題。經濟增長內生動力仍需增強，部分行業產能過剩嚴重，一些企業生產經營困難較多，地區經濟走勢分化，財政收支矛盾較大，經濟金融風險隱患不容忽視。環境污染形勢依然嚴峻，特別是一些地區嚴重霧霾頻發，治理措施需要進一步加強。在住房、教育、醫療、養老、食品藥品安全、收入分配等方面，人民群眾還有不少不滿意的地方。煤礦、建筑、交通等領域發生了一些重大安全事故，令人痛心。政府工作存在不足，有些改革舉措和政策落實不到位，涉企收費多、群眾辦事難等問題仍較突出，行政執法中存在不規范不公正不文明現象，少數干部懶政怠政、推諉扯皮，一些領域腐敗問題時有發生。我們一定要直面挑戰，敢于擔當，全力以赴做好政府工作，不辱歷史使命，不負人民重托。

Yet we must not lose sight of the many problems and challenges China faces in pursuing economic and social development.The internal forces driving economic growth need to be strengthened.Overcapacity poses a serious challenge in some industries.Some enterprises face difficulties in their production and operations.Economic prospects for different regions are divergent.Fiscal imbalance is becoming great.And potential economic and financial risks cannot be overlooked.Environmental pollution remains grave, and in particular, some areas are frequently hit by heavy smog.We need to further strengthen our steps to combat pollution.There are also many problems causing public concern in housing, education, healthcare, elderly care, food and drug safety, and income distribution.It is distressing that there were some major accidents in the coal mining, construction, and transportation sectors.There is still room for improvement in government performance.Some reform policies and measures have not been fully implemented.Excess fees and charges being levied on businesses and difficulties facing individuals who want to access government services remain standout problems.We still see problems of laws and regulations being enforced in a non-standard, unfair, or uncivil way.A small number of government employees are lazy and neglectful of their duties or shirk responsibility.Corruption often occurs in some sectors.We must confront these challenges head-on, be ready to bear the weight of responsibility, and do our all to deliver.We must fulfill our historic mission and live up to the great trust placed in us by the Chinese people.二、2017年工作總體部署

今年將召開中國共產黨第十九次全國代表大會，是黨和國家事業發展中具有重大意義的一年。做好政府工作，要在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央領導下，高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，全面貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中、六中全會精神，以鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀為指導，深入貫徹總書記系列重要講話精神和治國理政新理念新思想新戰略，統籌推進“五位一體”總體布局和協調推進“四個全面”戰略布局，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，牢固樹立和貫徹落實新發展理念，適應把握引領經濟發展新常態，堅持以提高發展質量和效益為中心，堅持宏觀政策要穩、產業政策要準、微觀政策要活、改革政策要實、社會政策要托底的政策思路，堅持以推進供給側結構性改革為主線，適度擴大總需求，加強預期引導，深化創新驅動，全面做好穩增長、促改革、調結構、惠民生、防風險各項工作，保持經濟平穩健康發展和社會和諧穩定，以優異成績迎接黨的十九大勝利召開。Esteemed Deputies, I now wish to discuss with you what the government will do in 2017.This year, the Communist Party of China will hold its 19th National Congress, so it will be a year of great significance for advancing the cause of the Party and our country.To deliver in our work this year, the government will do the following:

— Follow the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core

— Hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics

— Implement fully the guidelines from the 18th National Party Congress and those of the third through sixth plenary sessions of the 18th Party Central Committee

— Take as our guide Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development

— Put into practice the principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major addresses and his new vision, thinking, and strategies for China’s governance — Promote balanced economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and coordinated implementation of the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy(1)

— Remain committed to the underlying principle of making progress while keeping performance stable

— Gain a strong understanding of and put into practice the new development philosophy

— Adapt to, approach in the right way, and steer the new normal in economic development

— Give central importance to improving the quality and returns of development — Ensure that macro-level policy is consistent, industrial policy is targeted, micro-level policy injects dynamism into the market, reform policy delivers outcomes, and social policy sees basic living needs are met — Focus on supply-side structural reform — Expand aggregate demand as appropriate — Do better in guiding expectations

— Strengthen the role of innovation in driving development

— Maintain stable growth, promote reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks

— Maintain stable and sound economic development as well as social harmony and stability

These efforts should enable us to pave the way for the 19th National Party Congress with outstanding achievements.綜合分析國內外形勢，我們要做好應對更加復雜嚴峻局面的充分準備。世界經濟增長低迷態勢仍在延續，“逆全球化”思潮和保護主義傾向抬頭，主要經濟體政策走向及外溢效應變數較大，不穩定不確定因素明顯增加。我國發展處在爬坡過坎的關鍵階段，經濟運行存在不少突出矛盾和問題。困難不容低估，信心不可動搖。我國物質基礎雄厚、人力資源充裕、市場規模龐大、產業配套齊全、科技進步加快、基礎設施比較完善，經濟發展具有良好支撐條件，宏觀調控還有不少創新手段和政策儲備。我們堅信，有黨的堅強領導，堅持黨的基本路線，堅定不移走中國特色社會主義道路，依靠人民群眾的無窮創造力，萬眾一心、奮力拼搏，我國發展一定能夠創造新的輝煌。

The developments both in and outside of China require that we are ready to face more complicated and graver situations.World economic growth remains sluggish, and both the deglobalization trend and protectionism are growing.There are many uncertainties about the direction of the major economies’ policies and their spillover effects, and the factors that could cause instability and uncertainty are visibly increasing.China is at a crucial and challenging stage in its own development endeavors, and there are many salient challenges and problems in the economy.The difficulties we face are not to be underestimated, but we must remain confident that they will be overcome.China has a solid material foundation, abundant human resources, a huge market, and a complete system of industries.It is making faster scientific and technological progress, and has a complete range of infrastructure.We have good conditions for sustaining economic development, and many innovative tools and policy options for conducting macroeconomic regulation.We should follow the leadership of the Party, uphold the Party’s fundamental political guidelines, and keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics;we should rely on the inexhaustible creativity of the people, unite as one, and forge ahead.It is our firm belief that by doing this, we will make great new achievements in China’s development.今年發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長6.5%左右，在實際工作中爭取更好結果；居民消費價格漲幅3%左右；城鎮新增就業1100萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率4.5%以內；進出口回穩向好，國際收支基本平衡；居民收入和經濟增長基本同步；單位國內生產總值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放量繼續下降。

Based on the above considerations, we have set the following key projected targets for development this year:

— GDP growth of around 6.5 percent, or higher if possible in practice — CPI increase kept at around 3 percent

— Over 11 million new urban jobs, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5 percent

— A steady rise in import and export volumes, and a basic balance in international payments

— Increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth — A reduction of at least 3.4 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and continued reductions in the release of major pollutants

今年的經濟增長預期目標，符合經濟規律和客觀實際，有利于引導和穩定預期、調整結構，也同全面建成小康社會要求相銜接。穩增長的重要目的是為了保就業、惠民生。今年就業壓力加大，要堅持就業優先戰略，實施更加積極的就業政策。城鎮新增就業預期目標比去年多100萬人，突出了更加重視就業的導向。從經濟基本面和就業吸納能力看，這一目標通過努力是能夠實現的。

The projected target for this year’s growth is realistic and in keeping with economic principles;it will help steer and steady expectations and make structural adjustments;and it will help achieve the goal of finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.An important reason for stressing the need to maintain stable growth is to ensure employment and improve people’s lives.As employment pressure grows this year, we will continue to give top priority to creating jobs and implement a more proactive employment policy.This year’s target for urban job creation is one million more than last year, underlining the greater importance we are attaching to employment.Considering our sound economic fundamentals and the capacity they bring for job creation, with hard work, this target is attainable.Note:(1)This refers to making comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-governance.今年要繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，在區間調控基礎上加強定向調控、相機調控，提高預見性、精準性和有效性，注重消費、投資、區域、產業、環保等政策的協調配合，確保經濟運行在合理區間。

This year, we will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.On the basis of conducting range-based regulation, we will focus more on targeted and well-timed regulation and increase the foresight, precision, and effectiveness of our regulation.We will strengthen coordination of consumption, investment, regional, industrial, and environmental protection policies, and ensure the economy performs within an appropriate range.財政政策要更加積極有效。今年赤字率擬按3%安排，財政赤字2.38萬億元，比去年增加2000億元。其中，中央財政赤字1.55萬億元，地方財政赤字8300億元。安排地方專項債券8000億元，繼續發行地方政府置換債券。今年赤字率保持不變，主要是為了進一步減稅降費，全年再減少企業稅負3500億元左右、涉企收費約2000億元，一定要讓市場主體有切身感受。

We will pursue a more proactive and effective fiscal policy.This year’s deficit-to-GDP ratio is projected to be 3 percent, with the fiscal deficit set at 2.38 trillion yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 200 billion yuan.To break this down, the projected deficit of the central government is 1.55 trillion yuan, and the projected deficit of local governments is 830 billion yuan.Local government special bonds to be issued will total 800 billion yuan, and local government bonds will continue to be issued to replace their outstanding debt.The main reason for keeping this year’s deficit-to-GDP ratio unchanged is to allow for further reductions in taxes and fees.Over the course of the year, the tax burden on businesses will be further eased by around 350 billion yuan, and business related fees will be further cut by around 200 billion yuan to benefit market entities.財政預算安排要突出重點、有保有壓，加大力度補短板、惠民生。對地方一般性轉移支付規模增長9.5%，重點增加均衡性轉移支付和困難地區財力補助。壓縮非重點支出，減少對績效不高項目的預算安排。

Government budgets should highlight priorities;spending in some areas should be maintained while in others cuts should be made;and more should be spent to strengthen areas of weakness and improve living standards.General transfer payments to local governments will be increased by 9.5 percent, with the focus on increasing transfer payments for equalizing access to basic public services and stepping up subsidies for regions facing economic difficulties.We will scale down non-priority spending and cut budgets for projects that do not deliver desired outcomes.各級政府要堅持過緊日子，中央部門要帶頭，一律按不低于5%的幅度壓減一般性支出，決不允許增加“三公”經費，擠出更多資金用于減稅降費，堅守節用裕民的正道。

Governments at all levels should tighten their belts, and central government departments should take the lead by cutting no less than 5 percent of their general expenditures.No increase in spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, or official hospitality is permitted;and we will squeeze out more funds to cover cuts in taxes and fees.We will keep government spending low and enrich our people.貨幣政策要保持穩健中性。今年廣義貨幣M2和社會融資規模余額預期增長均為12%左右。要綜合運用貨幣政策工具，維護流動性基本穩定，合理引導市場利率水平，疏通傳導機制，促進金融資源更多流向實體經濟，特別是支持“三農”和小微企業。堅持匯率市場化改革方向，保持人民幣在全球貨幣體系中的穩定地位。We will continue to pursue a prudent and neutral monetary policy.The M2 money supply and aggregate financing are forecasted to grow by around 12 percent in 2017.We will apply a full range of monetary policy instruments, maintain basic stability in liquidity, see that market interest rates remain at an appropriate level, and improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy.We will encourage a greater flow of financial resources into the real economy, particularly in support of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, and small and micro businesses.The RMB exchange rate will be further liberalized, and the currency’s stable position in the global monetary system will be maintained.做好今年政府工作，要把握好以下幾點。

To deliver a good performance this year, we in government should stick to the following guidelines:

一是貫徹穩中求進工作總基調，保持戰略定力。穩是大局，要著力穩增長、保就業、防風險，守住金融安全、民生保障、環境保護等方面的底線，確保經濟社會大局穩定。在穩的前提下要勇于進取，深入推進改革，加快結構調整，敢于啃“硬骨頭”，努力在關鍵領域取得新進展。

First, we should make progress while maintaining stable performance and keep our strategic focus.Stability is of overriding importance.We should ensure stable growth, maintain employment, and prevent risks.To ensure overall economic and social stability we must not allow the redline to be crossed concerning financial security, people’s wellbeing, or environmental protection.We should, while maintaining stable performance, endeavor to make progress, deepen reforms, accelerate structural adjustments, be prepared to take on some really tough problems, and push to make progress in key areas.二是堅持以推進供給側結構性改革為主線。必須把改善供給側結構作為主攻方向，通過簡政減稅、放寬準入、鼓勵創新，持續激發微觀主體活力，減少無效低效供給、擴大有效供給，更好適應和引導需求。這是一個化蛹成蝶的轉型升級過程，既充滿希望又伴隨陣痛，既非常緊迫又艱巨復雜。要勇往直前，堅決闖過這個關口。

Second, we should focus on supply-side structural reform.We must give priority to improving supply-side structure.We should streamline administration, reduce taxes, further expand market access, and encourage innovation;and we should keep micro entities energized, reduce ineffective supply while expanding effective supply, and better adapt to and guide demand.Like the struggle from chrysalis to butterfly, this process of transformation and upgrading is filled with promise but also accompanied by great pain;it is urgent, formidable, and complicated.We should press forward with courage and get the job done.三是適度擴大總需求并提高有效性。我國內需潛力巨大，擴內需既有必要也有可能，關鍵是找準發力點。要圍繞改善民生來擴大消費，著眼補短板、增后勁來增加投資，使擴內需更加有效、更可持續，使供給側改革和需求側管理相輔相成、相得益彰。

Third, we should expand aggregate demand as appropriate and improve its efficacy.China’s potential domestic demand is enormous, and it is both necessary and possible for domestic demand to be expanded.The key is to know where to start.We need to increase consumer spending to improve people’s lives, and boost investment to strengthen areas of weakness and sustain development, so that the expansion of domestic demand becomes more effective and sustainable and supply-side reform and demand-side regulation reinforce each other.四是依靠創新推動新舊動能轉換和結構優化升級。我國發展到現在這個階段，不靠改革創新沒有出路。我們擁有世界上數量最多、素質較高的勞動力，有最大規模的科技和專業技能人才隊伍，蘊藏著巨大的創新潛能。要堅持以改革開放為動力、以人力人才資源為支撐，加快創新發展，培育壯大新動能、改造提升傳統動能，提高全要素生產率，推動經濟保持中高速增長、產業邁向中高端水平。Fourth, we should rely on innovation to replace old growth drivers with new ones and speed up structural improvement and upgrading.Having reached the current stage of development, China can now advance only through reform and innovation.We have the largest quality workforce as well as the largest pool of scientists, engineers, and professionals in the world, and their potential for innovation is truly tremendous.We must continue to draw strength from reform and opening up, fully tap the potential of human resources and human capital, and move more quickly to pursue innovation-driven development.We should foster and develop new growth drivers while transforming and upgrading the traditional growth drivers, and increase total factor productivity.These steps will enable China’s economy to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and China’s industries to move toward the medium-high end.五是著力解決人民群眾普遍關心的突出問題。政府的一切工作都是為了人民，要踐行以人民為中心的發展思想，把握好我國處于社會主義初級階段的基本國情。對群眾反映強烈、期待迫切的問題，有條件的要抓緊解決，把好事辦好；一時難以解決的，要努力創造條件逐步加以解決。我們要咬定青山不放松，持之以恒為群眾辦實事、解難事，促進社會公平正義，把發展硬道理更多體現在增進人民福祉上。

Fifth, we should solve prominent problems of public concern.All government work is for the people.We should keep in mind the fact that China remains in the primary stage of socialism and pursue a people focused development philosophy.Where conditions permit, we will lose no time in solving problems about which the people have great concern and which demand speedy resolution.When problems cannot be solved for the time being, we will work to resolve them over time.We must make dedicated efforts to deliver services to the people, resolve the difficulties they face, promote social equity and justice, and demonstrate that development does better people’s lives.三、2017年重點工作任務

I now wish to discuss our major areas of work for 2017.面對今年艱巨繁重的改革發展穩定任務，我們要通觀全局、統籌兼顧，突出重點、把握關鍵，正確處理好各方面關系，著重抓好以下幾個方面工作。Confronted with the formidable tasks of reform and development and maintaining stability this year, we must keep in mind the big picture and adopt a holistic approach, have clear priorities and focus on key tasks, and properly handle interactions among various sectors.We should give priority to the following areas of work.（一）用改革的辦法深入推進“三去一降一補”。要在鞏固成果基礎上，針對新情況新問題，完善政策措施，努力取得更大成效。

1.Pushing ahead with the five priority tasks through reform

We should, on the basis of consolidating and building on what we have achieved, improve our policies and measures in light of new developments and new problems so as to make greater progress.扎實有效去產能。今年要再壓減鋼鐵產能5000萬噸左右，退出煤炭產能1.5億噸以上。同時，要淘汰、停建、緩建煤電產能5000萬千瓦以上，以防范化解煤電產能過剩風險，提高煤電行業效率，優化能源結構，為清潔能源發展騰空間。要嚴格執行環保、能耗、質量、安全等相關法律法規和標準，更多運用市場化法治化手段，有效處置“僵尸企業”，推動企業兼并重組、破產清算，堅決淘汰不達標的落后產能，嚴控過剩行業新上產能。Take solid and effective steps to cut overcapacity

This year, we will further reduce steel production capacity by around 50 million metric tons and shut down at least 150 million metric tons of coal production facilities.At the same time, we will suspend or postpone construction on or eliminate no less than 50 million kilowatts of coal-fired power generation capacity in order to guard against and defuse the risks of overcapacity in coal-fired power, improve the efficiency of this sector, optimize the energy mix, and make room for clean energy to develop.We will strictly enforce all laws, regulations, and standards on environmental protection, energy consumption, quality, and safety and make more use of market-and law-based methods as we work to address the problems of “zombie enterprises,” encourage enterprise mergers, restructuring, and bankruptcy liquidations, shut down all outdated production facilities that fail to meet standards, and stringently control the launching of new projects in industries that are already saddled with overcapacity.去產能必須安置好職工，中央財政專項獎補資金要及時撥付，地方和企業要落實相關資金與措施，確保分流職工就業有出路、生活有保障。

As overcapacity is cut, we must provide assistance to laid-off workers.Central government special funds for rewards and subsidies should be promptly allocated and local governments and enterprises need to put in place related funds and measures, to ensure that laid-off workers can find new jobs and secure their livelihoods.因城施策去庫存。目前三四線城市房地產庫存仍然較多，要支持居民自住和進城人員購房需求。

Take targeted policies to cut excess urban real estate inventory

At present, there is still excess supply in the real estate markets of third-and fourth-tier cities.We will support both local and new residents in buying homes for personal use.堅持住房的居住屬性，落實地方政府主體責任，加快建立和完善促進房地產市場平穩健康發展的長效機制，健全購租并舉的住房制度，以市場為主滿足多層次需求，以政府為主提供基本保障。加強房地產市場分類調控，房價上漲壓力大的城市要合理增加住宅用地，規范開發、銷售、中介等行為，遏制熱點城市房價過快上漲。

We need to be clear that housing is for people to live in, and local governments should take primary responsibility in this respect.We should move faster to establish robust long-term mechanisms for promoting the steady and sound development of the real estate sector and build a better housing system that gives equal weight to buying and renting, with multiple levels of demand being met primarily by the market, and basic housing support provided by the government.We will take more category-based and targeted steps to regulate the real estate market.Cities that are under big pressure from rising housing prices need to increase as appropriate the supply of land for residential use.We should better regulate housing development, marketing, and intermediary services, and keep home prices from rising too quickly in popular cities.目前城鎮還有幾千萬人居住在條件簡陋的棚戶區，要持續進行改造。今年再完成棚戶區住房改造600萬套，繼續發展公租房等保障性住房，因地制宜、多種方式提高貨幣化安置比例，加強配套設施建設和公共服務，讓更多住房困難家庭告別棚戶區，讓廣大人民群眾在住有所居中創造新生活。

Today several dozen million people still live in rundown areas in cities and towns.We must continue housing renovations in these areas.This year, we will renovate another 6 million housing units in these areas, continue to develop public rental housing and other forms of government-subsidized housing, base measures on local circumstances and use multiple means to increase the use of monetary compensation for those affected by such rebuilding, and improve local infrastructure and public services.With these efforts, we will help more families struggling with housing to bid farewell to rundown areas, and see that with good roofs over their heads our people move on to better lives.積極穩妥去杠桿。我國非金融企業杠桿率較高，這與儲蓄率高、以信貸為主的融資結構有關。要在控制總杠桿率的前提下，把降低企業杠桿率作為重中之重。促進企業盤活存量資產，推進資產證券化，支持市場化法治化債轉股，發展多層次資本市場，加大股權融資力度，強化企業特別是國有企業財務杠桿約束，逐步將企業負債降到合理水平。

Carry out deleveraging in an active and prudent way

There is high leverage in nonfinancial Chinese firms.This is caused by high savings rates and the composition of financing which is primarily based on credit.While working to control overall leverage, we should focus on bringing down the leverage of enterprises.We need to see that the idle assets of enterprises are put to use, push ahead with securitization of corporate assets, support market-and law-based debt-to-equity swaps, develop the multilevel capital market, expand equity financing, and place tighter constraints on enterprises, especially SOEs, in leveraging, so as to gradually reduce enterprise debt to an acceptable level.多措并舉降成本。擴大小微企業享受減半征收所得稅優惠的范圍，年應納稅所得額上限由30萬元提高到50萬元；科技型中小企業研發費用加計扣除比例由50%提高到75%，千方百計使結構性減稅力度和效應進一步顯現。名目繁多的收費使許多企業不堪重負，要大幅降低非稅負擔。Take multiple measures to cut costs

More small businesses with low profits will enjoy halved corporate income tax, with the upper limit of taxable annual income raised from 300,000 to 500,000 yuan.For small and medium high-tech enterprises, the proportion of R&D expenses covered by the additional tax reduction policy is to be raised from 50 to 75 percent.We will do all we can to see the intensity and impact of structural tax cuts deliver further results.The great number of charges have placed an unbearable burden on many businesses;we are going to slash non-tax burdens.一是全面清理規范政府性基金，取消城市公用事業附加等基金，授權地方政府自主減免部分基金。二是取消或停征中央涉企行政事業性收費35項，收費項目再減少一半以上，保留的項目要盡可能降低收費標準。各地也要削減涉企行政事業性收費。

First, we will completely overhaul government-managed funds, abolish municipal public utility surcharges, and authorize local governments to reduce and cancel some funds.Second, we will abolish or suspend 35 administrative charges paid by enterprises to the central government, again cutting the number of charges by more than half;and then reduce as far as possible those that still apply.Local governments also need to make significant cuts to government administrative fees.三是減少政府定價的涉企經營性收費，清理取消行政審批中介服務違規收費，推動降低金融、鐵路貨運等領域涉企經營性收費，加強對市場調節類經營服務性收費的監管。

Third, we will reduce government-set operating fees for businesses.Unauthorized fees charged by intermediaries for government review and approval will be overhauled or abolished.We will work toward lower operating fees levied on businesses in the finance and railway freight sectors.We will strengthen oversight over the collection of market-set service fees.四是繼續適當降低“五險一金”有關繳費比例。五是通過深化改革、完善政策，降低企業制度性交易成本，降低用能、物流等成本。各有關部門和單位都要舍小利顧大義，使企業輕裝上陣，創造條件形成我國競爭新優勢。

Fourth, we will continue to lower as appropriate the share paid by enterprises for contributions to social security.Fifth, we will deepen reforms and improve policies to reduce government imposed transaction costs for businesses and lower their energy and logistics costs.All government departments and agencies concerned should have in mind the overall interests of the country instead of their narrow departmental interests, reduce the financial burden on enterprises, and help them develop new advantages over international competition.精準加力補短板。要針對嚴重制約經濟社會發展和民生改善的突出問題，結合實施“十三五”規劃確定的重大項目，加大補短板力度，加快提升公共服務、基礎設施、創新發展、資源環境等支撐能力。

Take targeted and powerful measures to strengthen areas of weakness We need to focus on salient problems that are holding back economic and social development and making it difficult to improve people’s standards of living, and we should integrate efforts to undertake major projects set out in the 13th Five-Year Plan with efforts to strengthen areas of weakness.We should act faster to raise the capacity of public services, infrastructure, innovation-driven development, and resources and the environment to sustain development.貧困地區和貧困人口是全面建成小康社會最大的短板。要深入實施精準扶貧精準脫貧，今年再減少農村貧困人口1000萬以上，完成易地扶貧搬遷340萬人。中央財政專項扶貧資金增長30%以上。加強集中連片特困地區、革命老區、邊疆和民族地區開發，改善基礎設施和公共服務，推動特色產業發展、勞務輸出、教育和健康扶貧，做好因病等致貧返貧群眾幫扶，實施貧困村整體提升工程，增強貧困地區和貧困群眾自我發展能力。Poor areas and people living in poverty represent the area of greatest weakness we must face as we work to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We need to do more in implementing targeted poverty reduction and elimination measures.This year we will further reduce the number of rural residents living in poverty by over 10 million, including 3.4 million to be relocated from inhospitable areas.Central government funding for poverty alleviation will be increased by over 30 percent.We need to step up development in contiguous areas of extreme poverty, old revolutionary bases, border areas, and areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities.For this we should focus on the following work: improving infrastructure and public services;fostering poverty alleviation through distinctive local businesses, the domestic and overseas export of labor, and improving education and health care;providing assistance to people who become poor or sink back into poverty due to illness;implementing the program for improving life in poor villages;and building the self-development capacity of poor areas and people.推進貧困縣涉農資金整合，強化資金和項目監管。創新扶貧協作機制，支持和引導社會力量參與扶貧。切實落實脫貧攻堅責任制，實施最嚴格的評估考核，嚴肅查處假脫貧、“被脫貧”、數字脫貧，確保脫貧得到群眾認可、經得起歷史檢驗。In poor counties, different rural development funds will be merged, and oversight over funds and projects will be strengthened.We will develop new mechanisms for coordinating poverty reduction efforts.We will support and guide non-governmental participation in combating poverty.The system for ensuring responsibility is taken for poverty elimination will be effectively enforced, the strictest possible evaluations and assessments of poverty alleviation will be carried out, and stern measures will be taken to address deception, falsification, and the manipulation of numbers in poverty elimination work.We must see that the results of our poverty elimination earn the approval of our people and stand the test of time.（二）深化重要領域和關鍵環節改革。要全面深化各領域改革，加快推進基礎性、關鍵性改革，增強內生發展動力。

2.Deepening reform in major sectors and key links Full reform will be deepened in all areas.We will move faster to advance fundamental and critical reforms to boost the internal forces driving development.持續推進政府職能轉變。使市場在資源配置中起決定性作用和更好發揮政府作用，必須深化簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革。這是政府自身的一場深刻革命，要繼續以壯士斷腕的勇氣，堅決披荊斬棘向前推進。We will continue to transform government functions.To enable the market to play the decisive role in resource allocation and to give better play to the role of government, we must deepen reforms to streamline government administration, delegate more powers, and improve regulation and service.This is a profound reform of government itself, which we need to continue to pursue with the courage to make painful self-adjustments and overcome all odds.全面實行清單管理制度，制定國務院部門權力和責任清單，加快擴大市場準入負面清單試點，減少政府的自由裁量權，增加市場的自主選擇權。清理取消一批生產和服務許可證。深化商事制度改革，實行多證合一，擴大“證照分離”改革試點。完善事中事后監管制度，實現“雙隨機、一公開”監管全覆蓋，推進綜合行政執法。加快國務院部門和地方政府信息系統互聯互通，形成全國統一政務服務平臺。We will fully implement the list-based management system, formulate lists of powers and responsibilities of the departments under the State Council, accelerate the extension of trials of granting market access on the basis of a negative list, and reduce the discretionary powers of the government while giving the market more freedom to take its course.We will abolish the requirement for permits for a number of production and service activities.We will deepen institutional reforms in the business sector, merge different forms of certification required of businesses into one certificate, and expand trials to separate operating permits and business licenses.We will improve the system for conducting both registration and post-registration oversight over businesses, apply the oversight model of random inspection and public release to cover all business activities, and strengthen coordinated administrative law enforcement.We will accelerate efforts to make the information systems of the State Council departments and those of local governments better connected and form a nationally unified government service platform.我們一定要讓企業和群眾更多感受到“放管服”改革成效，著力打通“最后一公里”，堅決除煩苛之弊、施公平之策、開便利之門。

To see that businesses and the public benefit more from our reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services, we must cut red tape, level the playing field, provide greater convenience, and remove that last crucial hurdle.繼續推進財稅體制改革。落實和完善全面推開營改增政策。簡化增值稅稅率結構，今年由四檔稅率簡并至三檔，營造簡潔透明、更加公平的稅收環境，進一步減輕企業稅收負擔。加快推進中央與地方財政事權和支出責任劃分改革，制定收入劃分總體方案，健全地方稅體系，規范地方政府舉債行為。深入推進政府預決算公開，倒逼沉淀資金盤活，提高資金使用效率，每一筆錢都要花在明處、用出實效。We will continue to reform fiscal and tax systems.We will implement and improve policies on replacing business tax with VAT across the board.We will simplify the structure of VAT rates, and undertake this year to turn the four tax brackets into three.We will create a simple, transparent, and fairer tax environment and further ease the tax burden of our firms.We will move faster to advance the reform of defining the respective financial powers and expenditure responsibilities of the central and local governments, formulate an overall plan for central and local government revenue sharing, improve the local tax system, and better regulate local government debt financing.We will step up efforts to make government budgets and final accounts more transparent to create pressure for idle budgetary funds to be put to good use.We must use funds more efficiently, and ensure every single sum is spent where it can be seen and produces results.抓好金融體制改革。促進金融機構突出主業、下沉重心，增強服務實體經濟能力，堅決防止脫實向虛。

We will advance reforms in the financial sector.We will prompt financial institutions to focus on their main business and make their services accessible to small and micro businesses, strengthen their ability to serve the real economy, and resolutely prevent them from being distracted from their intended purpose.鼓勵大中型商業銀行設立普惠金融事業部，國有大型銀行要率先做到，實行差別化考核評價辦法和支持政策，有效緩解中小微企業融資難、融資貴問題。發揮好政策性開發性金融作用。推進農村信用社改革，強化服務“三農”功能。We will encourage large and medium commercial banks to establish inclusive finance departments.Large state-owned banks should take the lead in this effort.We will adopt differentiated assessment and evaluation measures and supportive policies, and effectively address the problem of medium, small, and micro enterprises being unable to access loans or having to pay high interest to secure loans.We will make good use of policy-backed and development-oriented finance.We will move forward with the reform of rural credit cooperatives and strengthen the role they play in meeting the needs of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.深化多層次資本市場改革，完善主板市場基礎性制度，積極發展創業板、新三板，規范發展區域性股權市場。拓寬保險資金支持實體經濟渠道。大力發展綠色金融。推動融資租賃業健康發展。

We will deepen the reform of the multi-tiered capital market, improve the basic systems of the main board, actively develop the ChiNext stock market and the new third board, and see that regional equity markets develop in a well-regulated way.We will expand channels for using insurance funds to support the real economy.We will make major efforts to develop green finance.We will give impetus to the sound development of the financial leasing industry.當前系統性風險總體可控，但對不良資產、債券違約、影子銀行、互聯網金融等累積風險要高度警惕。積極穩妥推進金融監管體制改革，有序化解處置突出風險點，整頓規范金融秩序，筑牢金融風險“防火墻”。

At present, overall, systemic risks are under control.But we must be fully alert to the buildup of risks, including risks related to non-performing assets, bond defaults, shadow banking, and Internet finance.We will take active and steady steps to advance the reform of the financial regulatory system, and work systematically to defuse major potential risks.We will ensure order in the financial sector and build a firewall against financial risks.我國經濟基本面好，商業銀行資本充足率、撥備覆蓋率比較高，可動用的工具和手段多。對守住不發生系統性金融風險的底線，我們有信心和底氣、有能力和辦法。

The fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain sound, the capital adequacy ratio and provision coverage of commercial banks remain high, and we have many financial tools and instruments that can be used.We have the confidence, the ability, and the means to forestall systemic risks.深入推進國企國資改革。要以提高核心競爭力和資源配置效率為目標，形成有效制衡的公司法人治理結構、靈活高效的市場化經營機制。今年要基本完成公司制改革。

We will deepen the reform of SOEs and state capital.We should develop a corporate governance structure(represented by legal person)that is under effective check and a flexible and efficient market-based operating system, with a view to increasing core competitiveness and making resource allocation more effective.This year we will basically complete the introduction of corporate systems into SOEs.We will deepen reform to establish mixed ownership systems, and make substantive progress in industries including electric power, petroleum, natural gas, railways, civil aviation, telecommunications, and defense.深化混合所有制改革，在電力、石油、天然氣、鐵路、民航、電信、軍工等領域邁出實質性步伐。抓好電力和石油天然氣體制改革，開放競爭性業務。持續推進國有企業瘦身健體、提質增效，抓緊剝離辦社會職能，解決歷史遺留問題。推進國有資本投資、運營公司改革試點。改善和加強國有資產監管，確保資產保值增值，把人民的共同財富切實守護好、發展好。

We will advance structural reform in the power, oil and gas sectors and open their competitive operations to the private sector.We will do more to make SOEs leaner and healthier, and perform better;and we will redouble efforts to relieve SOEs of their obligations to operate social programs and help them resolve other longstanding issues.We will make progress in work on piloting reforms in state capital investment and management companies.We will improve and strengthen regulation of state assets, and ensure that state assets maintain and increase their value, as we are duty bound to see that the common wealth of the people is well protected and grows.更好激發非公有制經濟活力。深入落實支持非公有制經濟發展的政策措施。積極構建新型政商關系。鼓勵非公有制企業參與國有企業改革。堅持權利平等、機會平等、規則平等，進一步放寬非公有制經濟市場準入。凡法律法規未明確禁入的行業和領域，都要允許各類市場主體平等進入；凡向外資開放的行業和領域，都要向民間資本開放；凡影響市場公平競爭的不合理行為，都要堅決制止。We will do more to energize the non-public sector.We will thoroughly implement the policies and measures for supporting the development of the non-public sector.We will work actively to develop a new relationship between government and business.We will encourage non-public enterprises to participate in SOE reforms.We must ensure equal rights, equal opportunities, and fair rules, and further expand market access to the non-public sector.All industries and sectors for which entry is not explicitly prohibited by laws or regulations should be open to different types of market entities;all industries and sectors that are open to overseas investment should be open to Chinese private capital;and all unjustified activities that impede fair market competition should be stopped.加強產權保護制度建設。保護產權就是保護勞動、保護發明創造、保護和發展生產力。要加快完善產權保護制度，依法保障各種所有制經濟組織和公民財產權，激勵人們創業創新創富，激發和保護企業家精神，使企業家安心經營、放心投資。對于侵害企業和公民產權的行為，必須嚴肅查處、有錯必糾。We will improve the property rights protection system.Protecting property rights means protecting labor, protecting invention and innovation, and protecting and developing productive forces.We will work faster to improve the property rights protection system and protect in accordance with law the property rights of economic entities under all forms of ownership and the property rights of citizens.We will encourage people to start businesses, make innovations, and create wealth, and we will inspire and protect entrepreneurship, and ensure that entrepreneurs can run their businesses and make investments with peace of mind.Activities that infringe on the property rights of businesses and citizens must be investigated and dealt with severely;anything that has been done wrong must be corrected.大力推進社會體制改革。

We will make a big push for progress in the reform of the social system.We will deepen reforms in support of change in the income distribution system.We will take steady steps to advance reform of the old-age insurance system, and allocate a portion of state capital to enlarge social security funds.We will deepen the coordinated reform of medical services, health insurance, and the medicine industry.We will introduce overall reform in public hospitals nationwide, abolish all markups on pharmaceuticals, and make coordinated progress in reforming health care pricing, staffing and remuneration, medicine distribution, and models of health insurance payment.We will continue reforms in education, the cultural sector, and public institutions to unleash society’s vast potential for growth.深化收入分配制度配套改革。穩步推動養老保險制度改革，劃轉部分國有資本充實社保基金。深化醫療、醫保、醫藥聯動改革。全面推開公立醫院綜合改革，全部取消藥品加成，協調推進醫療價格、人事薪酬、藥品流通、醫保支付方式等改革。深入推進教育、文化和事業單位等改革，把社會領域的巨大發展潛力充分釋放出來。

深化生態文明體制改革。完善主體功能區制度和生態補償機制，建立資源環境監測預警機制，開展健全國家自然資源資產管理體制試點，出臺國家公園體制總體方案，為生態文明建設提供有力制度保障。

We will deepen institutional reform to build a sound ecological environment.We will improve the functional zoning system and the mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts;we will put in place resource and environment monitoring and early-warning mechanisms;we will launch trials to improve the state natural resource assets management system;and we will introduce an overall plan for establishing a national parks system.All these efforts should provide effective institutional safeguards for building a sound ecological environment.（三）進一步釋放國內需求潛力。推動供給結構和需求結構相適應、消費升級和有效投資相促進、區域城鄉發展相協調，增強內需對經濟增長的持久拉動作用。3.Doing more to unleash the potential of domestic demand

We will push to see that the composition of supply becomes better matched with the composition of demand and that consumption upgrades and effective investment reinforce each other;we will promote coordinated development between regions and between rural and urban areas;and we will strengthen the role of domestic demand in sustaining growth.促進消費穩定增長。適應消費需求變化，完善政策措施，改善消費環境。一要加快發展服務消費。開展新一輪服務業綜合改革試點，支持社會力量提供教育、文化、養老、醫療等服務。推動服務業模式創新和跨界融合，發展醫養結合、文化創意等新興消費。落實帶薪休假制度，完善旅游設施和服務，大力發展鄉村、休閑、全域旅游。擴大數字家庭、在線教育等信息消費。促進電商、快遞進社區進農村，推動實體店銷售和網購融合發展。

We will promote a steady increase in consumer spending.We need to adapt to changes in consumer demand, improve our policies and measures, and create a better consumer environment.First, we need to speed up the development of service consumption.We will launch a new round of trials for comprehensive reform in the service sector, and support the non-governmental sector in providing educational, cultural, elderly care, healthcare, and other services.We will encourage development of new service models and cross-sectoral integration, combined medical and elderly care services, cultural and creative services, and other emerging forms of consumption.We will ensure paid vacations are enforced, improve tourist facilities and services, and make a big push to develop rural tourism, recreational tourism, and all-for-one tourism.We will increase information consumption including digital homes and online learning.We will see that communities and rural areas have better access to e-commerce and express delivery services, and encourage the integrated development of physical store sales and online shopping.二要增加高品質產品消費。引導企業增品種、提品質、創品牌，擴大內外銷產品“同線同標同質”實施范圍，更好滿足消費升級需求。三要整頓和規范市場秩序。嚴肅查處假冒偽劣、虛假廣告、價格欺詐等行為，加強消費者權益保護，讓群眾花錢消費少煩心、多舒心。

Second, we need to boost consumption of quality products.We will guide enterprises in increasing the variety of products, raising their quality, and building the brands of their products.More products sold domestically should be produced on the same production lines, meet the same standards, and be of the same quality as products for export in order to better satisfy the needs of upgrading consumption.Third, we need to ensure order in the market.We will be strict about investigating and punishing the production and sale of counterfeit and substandard goods, false advertising, and price fraud.We will strengthen the protection of consumer rights;and we will make sure that spending is an enjoyable rather than a disappointing experience for consumers.積極擴大有效投資。引導資金更多投向補短板、調結構、促創新、惠民生的領域。今年要完成鐵路建設投資8000億元、公路水運投資1.8萬億元，再開工15項重大水利工程，繼續加強軌道交通、民用和通用航空、電信基礎設施等重大項目建設。中央預算內投資安排5076億元。落實和完善促進民間投資的政策措施。深化政府和社會資本合作，完善相關價格、稅費等優惠政策，政府要帶頭講誠信，決不能隨意改變約定，決不能“新官不理舊賬”。

We will work proactively to expand effective investment.We will guide more investment into fields that will help to strengthen weak areas, drive structural adjustment, encourage innovation, and improve people’s lives.This year, we will invest 800 billion yuan in railway construction and 1.8 trillion yuan in highway and waterway projects.Construction on another 15 major water conservancy projects will begin;and work on major rail transport, civil and general aviation, and telecommunications infrastructure projects will be sped up.A total of 507.6 billion yuan of investment has been included in the central government budget this year.We will implement and improve policies and measures for encouraging private investment.We will continue to promote public-private partnerships, and improve related policies on preferential pricing, tax, and fee arrangements.Government must take the lead in acting in good faith and must never arbitrarily change agreements, and new officials must not disavow obligations undertaken by their predecessors.優化區域發展格局。統籌推進三大戰略和“四大板塊”發展，實施好相關規劃，研究制定新舉措。推動國家級新區、開發區、產業園區等創新發展。支持資源枯竭、生態嚴重退化等地區經濟轉型發展。優化空域資源配置。推進海洋經濟示范區建設，加快建設海洋強國，堅決維護國家海洋權益。We will improve planning for regional development.We will coordinate the launching of three strategic initiatives and the development of the eastern, central, western, and northeastern regions.We will ensure related plans are well implemented and explore and adopt new measures.We will boost the development of national-level new areas, development zones, and industrial parks through innovation.We will support the economic transformation and development of areas hurt by resource depletion and severe ecological degradation.Airspace resources will be better allocated.We will speed up the development of maritime economy demonstration zones, we will move faster to develop China into a strong maritime country, and we will be resolute in safeguarding China’s maritime rights and interests.扎實推進新型城鎮化。深化戶籍制度改革，今年實現進城落戶1300萬人以上，加快居住證制度全覆蓋。支持中小城市和特色小城鎮發展，推動一批具備條件的縣和特大鎮有序設市，發揮城市群輻射帶動作用。

We will take solid steps to pursue a new type of urbanization.We will deepen the reform of the household registration system.This year, at least 13 million new urban residents will be registered as permanent urban residents.We will speed up work to introduce the urban residence card system nationwide.We will support the development of small and medium cities and small towns with distinctive local features.We will help a number of counties and very large towns that meet the criteria to steadily develop into cities, and we will make city clusters better play their role in driving the development of their surrounding areas.促進“多規合一”，提升城市規劃設計水平。推進建筑業改革發展，提高工程質量。統籌城市地上地下建設，加強城市地質調查，再開工建設城市地下綜合管廊2000公里以上，啟動消除城區重點易澇區段三年行動，推進海綿城市建設，有效治理交通擁堵等“城市病”，使城市既有“面子”、更有“里子”。

We will encourage local governments to integrate their urban plans into single master plans and raise the standard of municipal planning and design.We will take more steps to reform and develop the construction industry, and improve the quality of construction projects.We will promote coordinated urban development above and below the ground, strengthen geological surveying, and begin construction on at least another 2,000 kilometers of underground utility tunnels in cities.A three-year initiative will be launched to remove the risk of flooding in highly vulnerable urban areas, further progress will be made in the development of sponge cities, and effective steps will be taken to address traffic congestion and other urban maladies.All these efforts will make our cities more attractive and function better.（四）以創新引領實體經濟轉型升級。實體經濟從來都是我國發展的根基，當務之急是加快轉型升級。要深入實施創新驅動發展戰略，推動實體經濟優化結構，不斷提高質量、效益和競爭力。

4.Transforming and upgrading the real economy through innovation The real economy has always been the foundation of China’s development;the task we now face is to speed up its transformation and upgrading.We will do more to implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, upgrade the structure of the real economy, and improve its performance and competitiveness.提升科技創新能力。完善對基礎研究和原創性研究的長期穩定支持機制，建設國家重大科技基礎設施和技術創新中心，打造科技資源開放共享平臺。推進全面創新改革試驗。改革科技評價制度。切實落實高校和科研院所自主權，落實股權期權和分紅等激勵政策，落實科研經費和項目管理制度改革，讓科研人員不再為雜事瑣事分心勞神。

We will strengthen our capability for making technological innovations.We will improve mechanisms for providing continued long-term support for fundamental research and original research, build major national infrastructure projects for science and technology and set up technological innovation hubs, and establish platforms for sharing R&D resources.We will continue piloting reforms for all-around innovation.We will reform the system for assessing scientific and technological achievements.We will see our universities and research institutes truly operate with autonomy, ensure that incentive policies like stocks, options, and dividends are implemented, and implement the reform of the systems for managing research funding and projects.These steps should keep our scientists and engineers from being distracted and allow them to focus on their research.開展知識產權綜合管理改革試點，完善知識產權創造、保護和運用體系。深化人才發展體制改革，實施更加有效的人才引進政策，廣聚天下英才，充分激發科研人員積極性，定能成就創新大業。

We will begin piloting reforms to conduct integrated management of intellectual property rights and improve the system for creating, protecting, and applying intellectual property rights.We will deepen reform of China’s systems for cultivating talent and introduce more effective policies for bringing in talent from overseas.By welcoming the world’s brightest minds to China and fully motivating our scientists and engineers, we will use innovation to accomplish great things.加快培育壯大新興產業。全面實施戰略性新興產業發展規劃，加快新材料、新能源、人工智能、集成電路、生物制藥、第五代移動通信等技術研發和轉化，做大做強產業集群。支持和引導分享經濟發展，提高社會資源利用效率，便利人民群眾生活。本著鼓勵創新、包容審慎原則，制定新興產業監管規則，引導和促進新興產業健康發展。深化統計管理體制改革，健全新興產業統計。We will accelerate the development of emerging industries.We will fully implement our plan for developing strategic emerging industries.We will accelerate R&D on and commercialization of new materials, new energy, artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, bio-pharmacy, 5G mobile communications, and other technologies, and develop industrial clusters in these fields.We will continue to support and guide the development of the sharing economy to enable greater efficiency in the use of resources and bring greater convenience to our people.We will formulate regulatory rules for emerging industries in keeping with the principle of encouraging innovation and conducting regulation in a tolerant and prudent way, and guide and promote the healthy development of emerging industries.We will deepen reform of the statistics management system and improve statistics on emerging industries.在互聯網時代，各領域發展都需要速度更快、成本更低、安全性更高的信息網絡。今年網絡提速降費要邁出更大步伐，年內全部取消手機國內長途和漫游費，大幅降低中小企業互聯網專線接入資費，降低國際長途電話費，推動“互聯網+”深入發展、促進數字經濟加快成長，讓企業廣泛受益、群眾普遍受惠。

In the age of the Internet, faster, safer, and more cost-effective information networks are crucial to the development of every sector.This year, we will do more to increase broadband speed and lower rates for Internet services.Mobile rates for domestic roaming and long-distance calls will be cancelled;rates for broadband services for small and medium enterprises will be slashed;and rates for international calls will be lowered.We will push forward with the Internet Plus action plan and speed up the development of the digital economy.I am confident that all these steps will benefit both businesses and our people.大力改造提升傳統產業。深入實施《中國制造2025》，加快大數據、云計算、物聯網應用，以新技術新業態新模式，推動傳統產業生產、管理和營銷模式變革。We will endeavor to transform and upgrade traditional industries.We will intensify efforts to implement the Made in China 2025 initiative, promote accelerated application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things, and use new technologies, new forms of business, and new models to bring about transformation in the production, management, and marketing models of traditional industries.把發展智能制造作為主攻方向，推進國家智能制造示范區、制造業創新中心建設，深入實施工業強基、重大裝備專項工程，大力發展先進制造業，推動中國制造向中高端邁進。完善制造強國建設政策體系，以多種方式支持技術改造，促進傳統產業煥發新的蓬勃生機。

With the development of smart manufacturing as our focus, we will press ahead with building national smart manufacturing demonstration zones and manufacturing innovation centers.We will work hard on the implementation of projects to build a robust foundation for industrial development and projects to develop and make major equipment, and we will make a big push to develop advanced manufacturing, thus moving toward mid-and high-end manufacturing.We will improve policies designed to turn China into a manufacturer of quality, and we will adopt a variety of supportive measures for technological upgrading and re-energize traditional industries.持續推進大眾創業、萬眾創新。“雙創”是以創業創新帶動就業的有效方式，是推動新舊動能轉換和經濟結構升級的重要力量，是促進機會公平和社會縱向流動的現實渠道，要不斷引向深入。

We will continue to encourage people to start businesses and make innovations.Our policy of encouraging people to start businesses and innovate is an effective way of creating jobs through business startups and innovation;it is an important source of strength that fosters new growth drivers to replace old ones and that upgrades the economic structure;and it is an effective channel for promoting equal opportunity and facilitating vertical social mobility.We must keep on pushing hard with this policy.新建一批“雙創”示范基地，鼓勵大企業和科研院所、高校設立專業化眾創空間，加強對創新型中小微企業支持，打造面向大眾的“雙創”全程服務體系，使各類主體各展其長、線上線下良性互動，使小企業鋪天蓋地、大企業頂天立地，市場活力和社會創造力競相迸發。

We will establish more entrepreneurship and innovation demonstration centers;we will encourage large enterprises, research institutes, and universities to establish specialized spaces for crowd innovation;we will strengthen support for innovative medium, small and micro businesses;and we will develop a full range of services that are accessible to the general public for the entire business startup and innovation process.All this should help entities to fully exploit their own strengths and interact both on-and off-line, and see small enterprises burgeoning nationwide, large enterprises growing mighty, and market dynamism and social creativity being fully unleashed.全面提升質量水平。廣泛開展質量提升行動，加強全面質量管理，夯實質量技術基礎，強化質量監督，健全優勝劣汰質量競爭機制。質量之魂，存于匠心。要大力弘揚工匠精神，厚植工匠文化，恪盡職業操守，崇尚精益求精，完善激勵機制，培育眾多“中國工匠”，打造更多享譽世界的“中國品牌”，推動中國經濟發展進入質量時代。

We will take comprehensive steps to improve product quality.We will take a broad range of actions to raise quality, strengthening all-around quality management, building firm technological foundations for product quality, tightening quality oversight, and improving the competitive mechanism that links a firm’s fate in business to the quality of its products.Quality is born of workmanship.We will promote workmanship and foster a culture of workmanship where workers have a strong work ethic and tirelessly seek improvement.We will refine our incentive mechanisms and see great numbers of Chinese workers exemplify workmanship and more Chinese brands enjoy international recognition.We will usher in an era of quality for economic development in China.（五）促進農業穩定發展和農民持續增收。深入推進農業供給側結構性改革，完善強農惠農政策，拓展農民就業增收渠道，保障國家糧食安全，推動農業現代化與新型城鎮化互促共進，加快培育農業農村發展新動能。

5.Promoting steady development of agriculture and continued increases in rural incomes

We will do more to advance supply-side structural reform in agriculture, improve policies to boost agriculture and benefit farmers, and create more channels for rural residents to find employment and increase their incomes.We will ensure China’s food security, see that agricultural modernization and new urbanization reinforce each other, and speed up efforts to foster new drivers powering agricultural and rural development.推進農業結構調整。引導農民根據市場需求發展生產，增加優質綠色農產品供給，擴大優質水稻、小麥生產，適度調減玉米種植面積，糧改飼試點面積擴大到1000萬畝以上。鼓勵多渠道消化玉米庫存。支持主產區發展農產品精深加工，發展觀光農業、休閑農業，拓展產業鏈價值鏈，打造農村一二三產業融合發展新格局。We will push forward with structural adjustment in agriculture.We will guide farmers in responding to market demand, increasing the supply of quality green agricultural products and the production of quality rice and wheat, and making appropriate reductions to the amount of land devoted to growing corn.We will expand trials to replace grain crop with feed crop cultivation to cover over 667,000 hectares.We will encourage the use of multiple channels to reduce excess stockpiles of corn.We will support major agricultural production areas in developing intensive processing of agricultural products, develop farm-based recreation or agritourism, extend industry chains and value chains, and step up the integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas.加強現代農業建設。加快推進農產品標準化生產、品牌創建和保護，打造糧食生產功能區、重要農產品生產保護區、特色農產品優勢區和現代農業產業園。推進土地整治，大力改造中低產田，推廣旱作技術，新增高效節水灌溉面積2000萬畝。加強耕地保護，改進占補平衡。

We will boost the development of modern agriculture.We will work faster to see due standards are followed in agricultural production, and promote the development and protection of brand name agricultural products.We will create functional zones for grain production, major agricultural product protection areas, areas for growing quality and distinctively local agricultural products, and modern agriculture industrial parks.We will continue to improve rural land, upgrade low-and medium-yield cropland, and spread dry-farming techniques, adding 1.33 million hectares of farmland under highly water-efficient irrigation.We will strengthen the protection of cultivated land and improve work to offset cultivated land used for other purposes.發展多種形式適度規模經營，是中國特色農業現代化的必由之路，離不開農業保險有力保障。今年在13個糧食主產省選擇部分縣市，對適度規模經營農戶實施大災保險，調整部分財政救災資金予以支持，提高保險覆蓋面和理賠標準，完善農業再保險體系，以持續穩健的農業保險助力現代農業發展。

Developing appropriately scaled, diversified farming operations is vital for Chinese-style agricultural modernization, and these operations need to be covered by agricultural insurance.This year, in selected counties and county-level cities in 13 major grain-producing provinces, we will provide catastrophe insurance for farmers engaging in appropriately scaled farming operations.We will channel a portion of budgetary disaster relief funds into this initiative and expand the coverage and raise the benefits of the insurance scheme.We will improve the agricultural reinsurance system.We wish to use sustainable and sound agricultural insurance schemes to drive the development of modern agriculture.深化農村改革。穩步推進農村集體產權制度改革，深化農村土地制度改革試點，賦予農民更多財產權利。完善糧食等重要農產品價格形成機制和收儲制度，推進農業水價綜合改革。深化集體林權、國有林區林場、農墾、供銷社等改革。加強農村基層組織建設。健全農村“雙創”促進機制，培養更多新型職業農民，支持農民工返鄉創業，進一步采取措施鼓勵高校畢業生、退役軍人、科技人員到農村施展才華。

We will deepen rural reforms.We will take steady steps to reform the rural collective property rights system and deepen the pilot reform of the rural land system to see our farmers are granted more property rights.We will improve pricing mechanisms for grain and other important agricultural products as well as the system for their purchase and storage.We will carry out comprehensive reform of the pricing for water used in agriculture.We will deepen reforms related to collective forest tenure, state forestry areas and farms, state-owned farms, and rural supply and marketing cooperatives.We will strengthen the development of rural community-level organizations.We will improve the mechanisms for encouraging business startups and innovation in rural areas, train more professional farmers of new kinds, support migrant workers in starting businesses in their hometowns and villages, and take further measures to encourage college graduates, demobilized military personnel, and scientists and engineers to work in rural areas.加強農村公共設施建設。新建改建農村公路20萬公里。實現農村穩定可靠供電服務和平原地區機井通電全覆蓋。完成3萬個行政村通光纖。提高農村飲水安全供水保證率。加大農村危房改造力度。深入推進農村人居環境整治，建設既有現代文明、又具田園風光的美麗鄉村。We will step up the development of public facilities in rural areas.A total of 200,000 kilometers of roads will be upgraded or built in rural areas.We will see that all rural areas have a steady and reliable supply of power and that all electric pumpsets on rural flatlands are connected.Fiber-optic broadband will be extended to 30,000 administrative villages.We will increase water supply to better ensure access to safe drinking water.We will intensify efforts to renovate dilapidated houses and improve rural living environments.Our goal is to develop rural China into a place where people can enjoy both the beauty of the countryside and the conveniences of modern living.（六）積極主動擴大對外開放。面對國際環境新變化和國內發展新要求，要進一步完善對外開放戰略布局，加快構建開放型經濟新體制，推動更深層次更高水平的對外開放。

6.Actively expanding China’s opening up to the world

Faced with new changes in the international environment and the new requirements of China’s development, we need to further refine our strategic plan for opening up, work faster to build new systems for an open economy, and drive China toward both deeper and higher level opening up.扎實推進“一帶一路”建設。堅持共商共建共享，加快陸上經濟走廊和海上合作支點建設，構建沿線大通關合作機制。深化國際產能合作，帶動我國裝備、技術、標準、服務走出去，實現優勢互補。加強教育、科技、文化、衛生、旅游等人文交流合作。高質量辦好“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇，同奏合作共贏新樂章。We will make solid efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative.Guided by the principle of achieving shared growth through consultation and collaboration, we will accelerate the building of overland economic corridors and maritime cooperation hubs, and establish cooperative mechanisms for achieving compatibility in customs clearance procedures along the routes.We will deepen international industrial-capacity cooperation, promoting the export of Chinese equipment, technologies, standards, and services, to see that China and other countries are able to draw on each other’s strengths.We will strengthen personal and cultural exchanges and cooperation in education, science and technology, culture, healthcare, and tourism.We will see that in

第四篇：2009年政府工作報告(中英對照)

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

政府工作報告

Delivered at the Second Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress on March 5, 2009

——２００９年３月５日在第十一屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議上

Wen Jiabao 溫家寶

Premier of the State Council 國務院總理

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表：

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also solicit comments and suggestions on the report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).現在，我代表國務院，向大會作政府工作報告，請予審議，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。

I.Review of the Work in 2008

一、２００８年工作回顧

The year 2008 was truly eventful.Our country's economic and social development withstood severe challenges and tests that were rarely seen before.Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC), the people of all our ethnic groups faced difficulties squarely, worked with courage and determination, surmounted all difficulties and obstacles, and made new achievements in reform, opening up and socialist modernization.２００８年是極不平凡的一年。我國經濟社會發展經受住了歷史罕見的重大挑戰和考驗。在中國共產黨領導下，全國各族人民迎難而上，奮力拼搏，戰勝各種艱難險阻，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得新的重大成就。

-The national economy continued to maintain steady and rapid growth.GDP topped 30 trillion yuan, an increase of 9% over the previous year.Overall price rises were held in check.Government revenue was 6.13 trillion yuan, an increase of 19.5%.Grain output rose for the fifth consecutive year and totaled 528.5 million tons, a record high.——國民經濟繼續保持平穩較快增長。國內生產總值超過３０萬億元，比上年增長９％；星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)物價總水平漲幅得到控制；財政收入６．１３萬億元，增長１９．５％；糧食連續五年增產，總產量５２８５０萬噸，創歷史最高水平。

-Reform and opening up were further deepened.New breakthroughs were made in reforms in key areas and crucial links, such as the fiscal, taxation, financial and pricing systems and administration.Imports and exports totaled US$ 2.56 trillion, an increase of 17.8%.Paid-in foreign direct investment reached $92.4billion.——改革開放深入推進。財稅、金融、價格、行政管理等重點領域和關鍵環節的改革取得新突破。進出口貿易總額２．５６萬億美元，增長１７．８％。實際利用外商直接投資９２４億美元。

-Development of social programs was accelerated, and the living standards of the people continued to rise.A total of 11.13million more urban residents entered the workforce.Urban per capita annual disposable income reached 15,781 yuan, an increase of 8.4% in real terms, and rural per capita net income reached 4,761 yuan, up by 8% in real terms.——社會事業加快發展，人民生活進一步改善。城鎮新增就業１１１３萬人；城鎮居民人均可支配收入１５７８１元，農村居民人均純收入４７６１元，實際增長８．４％和８％。

-Great victories were won in the fight against massive natural disasters.The Beijing Olympics and Paralympics were held successfully, and the Shenzhou VII manned space mission was a complete success.——全面奪取抗擊特大自然災害的重大勝利。成功舉辦北京奧運會、殘奧會。圓滿完成神舟七號載人航天飛行。

These achievements signify that we have taken new and solid steps along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.They have greatly fortified the courage and strength of the people of all our ethnic groups to surmount difficulties and will definitely encourage us to bravely forge ahead on the new historical course.這些成就，標志著我們在中國特色社會主義道路上邁出新的堅實步伐，極大地增強了全國各族人民戰勝困難的勇氣和力量，必將激勵我們在新的歷史征程上繼續奮勇前進。

Last year, we accomplished the following important work: 一年來，我們做了以下主要工作：

1.Making timely and resolute adjustments to macroeconomic policies and doing everything possible to maintain steady and rapid economic development

（一）及時果斷調整宏觀經濟政策，全力保持經濟平穩較快發展

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)We maintained the right direction, focus, intensity and pace of macro control, and adopted a series of policies and measures to promote steady and rapid economic development.In a complex and volatile situation, we actively responded to the severe impact of the global financial crisis and worked hard to make our macro control more proactive, targeted and effective.In the middle of the year, when energy and grain prices on the international market were high, world economic growth slowed, and exports from and economic growth in China's coastal regions began to decline, we promptly shifted the priority of macro control to maintaining steady and rapid economic development and controlling price hikes, and adopted relevant fiscal, taxation and financial measures.In September, the international economic situation started to deteriorate sharply and its negative impact became increasingly felt in China.We again resolutely shifted the focus of macro control to preventing economic growth from slowing down too quickly.We implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We raised export rebate rates three times, lowered the benchmark interest rates on savings and loans for financial institutions on five occasions, reduced required reserve ratios four times, suspended the individual income tax on interest earnings from savings, reduced securities transaction stamp tax rates, cut taxes and fees on housing transactions, and increased credit support to small and medium-sized enterprises.In accordance with the requirement that we act fast, be forceful, take targeted measures and stress implementation, we promptly introduced ten measures to further boost domestic demand and promote economic growth, and implemented them without delay.We adopted a succession of policies and measures to encourage financial institutions to support economic development, promote sound development of the textile and other light industries and the real estate market, expand consumption by improving distribution, maintain steady growth in foreign trade, and keep the employment situation stable.At the same time, we stepped up efforts to formulate plans for restructuring and revitalizing key industries.Together, these measures have played a crucial role in alleviating serious problems affecting economic performance, enhancing confidence, stabilizing expectations and maintaining steady and rapid economic development.我們正確把握宏觀調控的方向、重點、力度和節奏，采取一系列促進經濟平穩較快發展的政策措施，在復雜多變的形勢下，積極應對國際金融危機的嚴重沖擊，努力增強調控的預見性、針對性和有效性。年中，在國際能源和糧食價格處于高位、世界經濟增長放緩的情況下，針對沿海地區出現出口和經濟增速下滑苗頭，及時把宏觀調控的首要任務調整為“保持經濟平穩較快發展，控制物價過快上漲”，并采取了一些有針對性的財稅金融措施。９月份后，國際經濟形勢急轉直下，對我國的不利影響明顯加重，我們又果斷地把宏觀調控的著力點轉到防止經濟增速過快下滑上來，實施積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，三次提高出口退稅率，五次下調金融機構存貸款基準利率，四次下調存款準備金率，暫免儲蓄存款利息個人所得稅，下調證券交易印花稅，降低住房交易稅費，加大對中小企業信貸支持。按照出手要快、出拳要重、措施要準、工作要實的要求，迅速推出進一步擴大內需、促進經濟增長的十項措施，爭分奪秒地加以落實；接連出臺金融支持經濟發展、促進輕紡工業健康發展、促進房地產市場健康發展、搞活流通擴大消費和保持對外貿易穩定增長、穩定就業等政策措施，加快制定重點產業調整振興規劃。這些措施對緩解經濟運行中的突出矛盾、增強信心、穩定預期、保持經濟平穩較快發展，發揮了至關重要的作用。

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)

We continued to strengthen our work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers without any letup.Central government budgetary spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers was 595.5 billion yuan for the whole year, a year-on-year increase of 163.7 billion yuan or 37.9%.This included 103 billion yuan, twice the figure for the previous year, in direct subsidies to grain producers, general subsidies for agricultural production supplies, and subsidies for superior crop varieties and the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools.We significantly raised minimum grain purchase prices three times, with the total increase exceeding 20%.We implemented a temporary policy for purchasing and stockpiling major agricultural products.We intensified the protection of arable land and the construction of agricultural water conservancy projects, and increased overall agricultural production capacity.We supported the production of hogs, oilseeds and dairy products.These policies and measures played an important role in maintaining and stimulating the enthusiasm of farmers, ensuring the supply of major farm products and increasing rural incomes, and provided strong support for maintaining overall stability in economic and social development.毫不放松地加強“三農”工作。全年中央財政用于“三農”的投入５９５５億元，比上年增加１６３７億元，增長３７．９％，其中糧食直補、農資綜合補貼、良種補貼、農機具購置補貼資金達１０３０億元，比上年增長一倍。三次較大幅度提高糧食最低收購價，提價幅度超過２０％。實施主要農產品臨時收儲政策。加強耕地保護和農田水利建設，提高農業綜合生產能力。扶持生豬、油料、奶業發展。這些政策措施在保護和調動農民積極性、保障重要農產品供給、增加農民收入方面發揮了重要作用，為穩定經濟社會發展全局提供了有力支撐。

We unswervingly promoted independent innovation and economic restructuring.We launched 16 major national science and technology projects, and established a number of new national engineering centers, key laboratories and enterprise technology centers in such fields as information technology, biotechnology and environmental protection.We successfully developed a number of key technologies and major equipment in the areas of regional aircraft, automobiles powered by new energy sources and high-speed railways.The central government invested 116.3 billion yuan in science and technology, an increase of 16.4%.Significant steps were taken in reorganization of the telecommunications and civil aviation industries.We continued to eliminate backward production facilities.Last year, we shut down small thermal power plants with a total capacity of 16.69 million kilowatts and closed 1,054 small coalmines.Investment in infrastructure and basic industries was increased, and a number of major projects in energy, transportation and water conservancy were completed or launched.Steady progress was made in implementing the master strategy for regional development, and economic development in different regions became better coordinated.堅定不移地推進自主創新和經濟結構調整。實施１６個國家重大科技專項。在信息、生物、環保等領域新建一批國家工程中心、重點實驗室和企業技術中心。成功研發支線飛機、新能源汽車、高速鐵路等一批關鍵技術和重大裝備。中央財政科技投入１１６３億元，增長１６．４％。電信、航空等行業重組邁出重要步伐。繼續淘汰落后產能，全年關停小火電１星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)６６９萬千瓦，關閉小煤礦１０５４處。加大基礎設施和基礎產業投資力度，在能源、交通、水利等方面建成和開工一批重大項目。扎實推進區域發展總體戰略，區域經濟發展協調性增強。

We steadfastly promoted energy conservation, emissions reduction and ecological and environmental protection.The central government allocated 42.3 billion yuan to support development of ten key energy conservation projects and environmental protection facilities.The daily sewage treatment capacity rose by an additional 11.49 million tons in urban areas, and desulfurization equipment was installed in coal-fired power plants with a total capacity of 97.12 million kilowatts.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 4.59% from the previous year;chemical oxygen demand fell by 4.42%;and sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 5.95%.For the past three years combined, total energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped by 10.08%;chemical oxygen demand dropped by 6.61%;and sulfur dioxide emissions dropped by 8.95%.We built on the achievements in returning farmland to forests and restoring livestock pastures to grasslands, and carried out ecological conservation projects such as protecting virgin forests and developing the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve in Qinghai Province.We implemented the plan to prevent and control water pollution in major river valleys and regions and issued the white paper China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change.堅持不懈地推動節能減排和生態環境保護。中央財政安排４２３億元資金，支持十大重點節能工程和環保設施等項目建設。全國新增城市污水日處理能力１１４９萬噸，新增燃煤脫硫機組容量９７１２萬千瓦。單位國內生產總值能耗比上年下降４．５９％，化學需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別減少４．４２％和５．９５％。近三年累計，單位國內生產總值能耗下降１０．０８％，化學需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別減少６．６１％和８．９５％。鞏固退耕還林還草成果，推進天然林、青海三江源等生態保護和建設工程。實施重點流域、區域水污染防治規劃。發布了《中國應對氣候變化的政策與行動》白皮書。

2.Balancing economic and social development and strengthening all aspects of social development with the focus on improving people's lives

（二）統籌經濟社會發展，全面加強以改善民生為重點的社會建設

Efforts were intensified to increase employment and improve the social safety net.We improved our policy to stimulate and expand employment by encouraging business startups, and enforced the minimum wage system.The coverage of all social security schemes continued to expand, with 17.53 million more urban workers subscribing to basic old-age insurance, 20.28 million more subscribing to basic medical insurance, and the unemployment, workers' compensation and maternity insurance steadily expanding to cover more workers.Pensions of enterprise retirees rose by 110 yuan per month per person.We launched trials to reform the basic old-age insurance system for employees of government-affiliated institutions.We actively explored ways to establish a new system of 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)old-age insurance for rural residents and made steady progress in making social security available to rural migrant workers in urban areas and farmers whose land has been expropriated.We comprehensively improved the system of cost of living allowances for both urban and rural residents, and provided allowances to 66.19 million residents.We raised living allowances for low-income groups and university students in a timely fashion.Preferential treatment enjoyed by key entitled groups was increased substantially.We intensified efforts to develop low-income housing and renovate shantytowns, thus alleviating some of the housing difficulties of the low-income population.An additional of more than 48 million rural people gained access to safe drinking water.就業和社會保障工作進一步加強。完善促進就業、以創業帶動就業的政策，落實最低工資制度。各項社會保險覆蓋面繼續擴大，城鎮職工基本養老保險、基本醫療保險參保人數分別增加１７５３萬和２０２８萬，失業、工傷、生育保險參保人數繼續增加。企業退休人員養老金人均每月新增１１０元。啟動事業單位基本養老保險制度改革試點。積極探索建立新型農村社會養老保險制度，農民工、被征地農民社會保障工作穩步推進。全面加強城鄉居民最低生活保障制度建設，救助人數達到６６１９萬人。及時增加對低收入群體和大學生的生活補貼。大幅度提高重點優撫對象的撫恤優待標準。加大保障性住房建設和棚戶區改造力度，低收入群眾住房困難問題得到一定程度緩解。解決４８００多萬農村人口的飲水安全問題。

Further progress was made in promoting fair education for all.Free compulsory education became available to all students, urban or rural, throughout the country, and all rural students receiving compulsory education obtained free textbooks.The standards for repairing and renovating school buildings in the central and western regions were raised, and the government allocated 3.25 billion yuan to provide heating to rural primary and secondary schools in the north.Development of vocational education was accelerated.The national financial aid system for students was further improved.The central government spent 22.3 billion yuan and local governments increased funding as well to assist more than 20 million students.Grants of 1,500 yuan per student per annum were given to secondary vocational school students from rural areas or needy urban families, benefiting 90% of the current student population in these vocational schools.促進教育公平取得新進展。全面實行城鄉免費義務教育，對所有農村義務教育階段學生免費提供教科書。提高中西部地區校舍維修標準，國家財政安排３２．５億元幫助解決北方農村中小學取暖問題。職業教育加快發展。國家助學制度進一步完善，中央財政投入２２３億元，地方財政也加大投入，資助學生超過２０００萬人；向中等職業學校中來自城市經濟困難家庭和農村的學生提供助學金，每人每年１５００元，惠及９０％的在校生。

Steady progress was made in reform and development of the pharmaceutical and health care system.A total of 814 million people, accounting for 91.5% of the rural population, now benefit from the new type of rural cooperative medical care system.The number of selected cities participating in trials of the basic medical insurance system for urban residents increased from 88 to 317, and the number of participating individuals 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)increased by 73.59 million to 117 million.Significant progress was made in developing a system of community-based health services in urban areas.We continued to expand the coverage of the reward and assistance system for rural families complying with family planning regulations, and implemented the “lower birthrate equals faster prosperity” program in more places in the countryside.醫藥衛生改革發展穩步推進。參加新型農村合作醫療的人口８．１４億，參合率９１．５％。城鎮居民基本醫療保險試點城市由上年的８８個增加到３１７個，參保人數增加７３５９萬，總計達到１．１７億。城市社區衛生服務體系建設取得重大進展。農村計劃生育家庭獎勵扶助制度和少生快富工程實施范圍繼續擴大。

We accelerated the development of culture and sports.Public cultural infrastructure facilities were improved, the cultural industries developed rapidly, and reform of the cultural management system was constantly deepened.We mobilized all resources and hosted a distinctive and high-level Beijing Olympicsand Paralympics, thus fulfilling the century-old dream of the Chinese nation, and Chinese athletes competed hard and brave and scored excellent achievements in the Games.This greatly aroused the patriotism of all our people and strengthened the cohesiveness of our nation.文化體育事業加快發展。公共文化基礎設施建設得到加強，文化產業快速發展，文化體制改革不斷深化。全力舉辦了有特色、高水平的北京奧運會、殘奧會，實現了中華民族的百年夢想；中國運動員頑強拼搏，取得優異成績，這極大地激發了全國人民的愛國熱情，增強了民族凝聚力。

We continued to strengthen democracy and the legal system.The system of local-level democracy was further improved.Significant progress was made in enhancing law-based government.Last year, the State Council submitted eight bills, including a draft of the Social Insurance Law and draft amendments to the Law on Protecting Against and Mitigating Earthquake Disasters, to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation.It also formulated or revised 30 administrative laws and regulations.The Regulations on Making Government Information Public was fully implemented.The public security system for crime prevention and control was strengthened.We battled against secessionist and terrorist activities, protected China's national security and maintained social stability.Our work related to ethnic minority, religious and overseas Chinese affairs further improved.民主法制建設繼續加強。基層民主制度進一步健全。依法行政深入推進。國務院提請全國人大常委會審議了社會保險法、防震減災法等８件法律議案，制定或修訂了３０件行政法規。全面實施政府信息公開條例。加強社會治安防控體系建設，開展反分裂、反恐怖斗爭，維護了國家安全和社會穩定。民族、宗教、僑務工作進一步加強。

3.Vigorously advancing reform and opening up and injecting fresh vitality and impetus into economic and social development

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)

（三）積極推進改革開放，為經濟社會發展注入新的活力和動力

Institutional restructuring of the State Council was basically completed and that of local governments is progressing steadily.Comprehensive rural reforms continued to deepen, and reform of collective forest rights was instituted throughout the country.SOE reform was deepened.The transformation of the Agricultural Bank of China and China Development Bank into joint stock companies proceeded smoothly.The new Law on Corporate Income Tax went into effect, and real estate taxes were unified for domestic and overseas-funded enterprises and Chinese and foreign individuals.After years of deliberation, reform in pricing, taxes and fees for refined petroleum products was smoothly introduced.Aplan for reform of the pharmaceutical and health care system was devised and referred to the general public for comments.These innovations in systems and mechanisms have laid a solid foundation for our long-term development.國務院機構改革基本完成，地方機構改革穩步推進。農村綜合改革繼續深化，集體林權制度改革全面推開。國有企業改革不斷深化。中國農業銀行和國家開發銀行股份制改革順利進行。實施新的企業所得稅法，統一內外資企業和個人房地產稅收制度。醞釀多年的成品油價格和稅費改革順利推出。制定醫藥衛生體制改革方案并公開征求意見。體制機制創新為長遠發展奠定了堅實基礎。

The country opened wider to the outside world.We vigorously implemented the strategy of competing on quality and diversifying export markets.We increased efforts to establish innovation bases to invigorate trade through science and technology and bases for providing services outsourced from other countries.We supported the export of products with Chinese trademarks and intellectual property rights.We improved the policy system for the processing trade.We steadily opened service industries wider to the outside world and provided more guidance to orient foreign investment in China.We integrated existing funds and set up new ones designed to promote external economic and technological cooperation.We promulgated regulations on managing overseas contracted projects and rectified the system of administration of cooperative overseas labor services.We actively promoted energy and resources cooperation overseas, further expanded our assistances to other countries, and the pace of enterprises going global was accelerated.Further progress was made in the development of free trade zones, and in our economic dialogues with major trading partners and mutually beneficial cooperation with other developing countries.對外開放水平繼續提高。大力實施以質取勝和出口市場多元化戰略。加強科技興貿創新基地和服務外包基地建設，支持自主品牌和自主知識產權產品出口。完善加工貿易政策體系。穩步擴大服務業對外開放，加強對外商投資方向的引導。整合建立新的對外經濟技術合作專項資金，發布對外承包工程管理條例，理順對外勞務合作管理體制。積極推進境外能源資源合作，企業“走出去”步伐加快，對外援助進一步擴大。自由貿易區建設、與主要經貿伙伴的經濟對話、同發展中國家的互利合作取得新進展。

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

A massive earthquake that shocked the world struck Wenchuan on May 12.Under the firm leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, people of all ethnic groups in China, especially in the quake zone, worked as one and fought in unison against the earthquake disaster.The people's army rushed to the frontlines without thinking of their own safety.We launched an earthquake rescue and relief operation that accomplished its work faster, mobilized more personnel and committed more resources than ever before in China's history.We steadfastly gave top priority to saving people's lives.We pulled 84,000 survivors out of the rubble.We promptly repaired damaged infrastructure, and resolutely unblocked the Mount Tangjia quake lake to avert potential secondary disasters.We did our utmost to prevent an epidemic from occurring and ensured that there was no major outbreak of diseases after the deadly earthquake.The central government allocated 38.4 billion yuan for quake relief and 74 billion yuan for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.We promptly introduced a host of policies and measures to support the quake zone.We energetically organized one-to-one assistance to designated areas affected by the earthquake.People from all sectors of society in China made generous donations, both in cash and in kind;our compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese contributed generously to the disaster relief campaign;and the international community provided us with earthquake rescue and relief assistance.All this combined to forma boundless source of strength for the Chinese people to overcome the disaster.This hard struggle against the earthquake produced uncountable touching and brave exploits and fully demonstrated the great indomitable and unyielding spirit of the Chinese people, thus writing a heroic chapter in the history of the nation.去年５月１２日，我國發生震驚世界的汶川特大地震。在黨中央、國務院堅強領導下，全國各族人民特別是災區人民萬眾一心、眾志成城，人民子弟兵舍生忘死、沖鋒在前，展開了我國歷史上救援速度最快、動員范圍最廣、投入力量最大的抗震救災斗爭。我們堅持把搶救人的生命放在第一位，從廢墟中搶救生還者８．４萬人。迅速搶修基礎設施，果斷處置唐家山堰塞湖，避免嚴重次生災害發生；全力開展防疫工作，實現了大災之后無大疫。中央財政安排３８４億元救災款和７４０億元恢復重建資金，迅速出臺一系列支援災區的政策措施。積極開展對口支援。社會各界踴躍捐助款物，廣大香港同胞、澳門同胞、臺灣同胞以及海外華僑華人奉獻愛心，國際社會伸出援手，匯成了齊心協力抗擊災害的磅礴力量。這場艱苦卓絕的抗震救災斗爭，涌現出無數感天動地、可歌可泣的英雄事跡，充分展現了中國人民不屈不撓、自強不息的偉大民族精神，譜寫了氣壯山河的壯麗篇章。

None of the achievements we made last year came easily.They were the result of overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army and the people of all our ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I hereby express our sincere gratitude to the people of all our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, mass organizations and people from all sectors of society.I also 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)express our sincere thanks to compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan and to overseas Chinese, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China's modernization drive.過去一年的成就來之不易。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央統攬全局、正確領導的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民同心同德、團結奮斗的結果。在這里，我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯的感謝！

While acknowledging our achievements, we must be clearly aware that we face unprecedented difficulties and challenges.在肯定成績的同時，也要清醒地看到，我們正面臨前所未有的困難和挑戰。

First, the global financial crisis continues to spread and get worse.Demand continues to shrink on international markets;the trend toward global deflation is obvious;and trade protectionism is resurging.The external economic environment has become more serious, and uncertainties have increased significantly.一是國際金融危機還在蔓延、仍未見底。國際市場需求繼續萎縮，全球通貨緊縮趨勢明顯，貿易保護主義抬頭，外部經濟環境更加嚴峻，不確定因素顯著增多。

Second, continuous drop in economic growth rate due to the impact of the global financial crisis has become a major problem affecting the overall situation.This has resulted in excess production capacity in some industries, caused some enterprises to experience operating difficulties and exerted severe pressure on employment.Factors leading to decline in government revenues and increase in government expenditures have increased.It has become more difficult to maintain steady agricultural development and keep rural incomes growing.二是受國際金融危機影響，經濟增速持續下滑，已成為影響全局的主要矛盾。一些行業產能過剩，部分企業經營困難，就業形勢十分嚴峻，財政減收增支因素增多，農業穩定發展、農民持續增收難度加大。

Third, institutional and structural problems that have long hindered healthy economic development still remain, and some of them are still prominent.Consumption demand is insufficient, and development of tertiary industries is sluggish.Our capacity for independent innovation is weak.Consumption of energy and other resources is high.Environmental pollution is serious.Disparities in development between urban and rural areas and between regions are widening.三是長期制約我國經濟健康發展的體制性、結構性矛盾依然存在，有的還很突出。消星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)費需求不足，第三產業發展滯后，自主創新能力不強，能源資源消耗多，環境污染重，城鄉、區域發展差距仍在擴大。

Fourth, some problems affecting the vital interests of the people have not been fundamentally alleviated.There are still many problems demanding urgent solution in the areas of social security, education, health care, income distribution and public security.四是一些涉及人民群眾切身利益的問題沒有根本緩解，社會保障、教育、醫療、收入分配、社會治安等方面存在不少亟待解決的問題。

Fifth, order in the market is not well standardized;market oversight and law enforcement are not fully in place, and the social credit rating system is still in need of improvement.A number of serious and major incidents concerning food and workplace safety have occurred, which have inflicted serious loss of life and property on the people and taught us a sobering lesson.五是市場秩序不規范，市場監管和執法不到位，社會誠信體系不健全。食品安全事件和安全生產重特大事故接連發生，給人民群眾生命財產造成重大損失，教訓十分深刻。

We need to thoroughly appreciate how serious and complex the international and domestic economic situations are, be more mindful of potential perils and crises, fully exploit favorable conditions and actively respond to all challenges so that we can successfully accomplish all our tasks and prove worthy of the great expectations and trust conferred on us by the people.我們一定要深刻認識國際國內經濟形勢的嚴峻性和復雜性，增強危機意識和憂患意識，充分利用有利條件，積極應對各種挑戰，努力做好各項工作，絕不辜負人民的期望和重托。

II.General Plan for the Work in 2009

二、２００９年工作總體部署

This year is crucial for the implementation of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan.It will also be the most difficult year for China's economic development since the beginning of the 21st century.We face arduous tasks in promoting reform, development and stability.今年是實施“十一五”規劃的關鍵之年，也是進入新世紀以來我國經濟發展最為困難的一年，改革發展穩定的任務十分繁重。

An analysis of the overall international and domestic situations shows that China is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.Challenges and opportunities coexist, as do hardships and hopes.Neither the fundamentals of China's economic and social development nor its positive long-term trend has changed.We are fully confident that we will overcome difficulties and challenges, and we have the conditions and ability 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)to do so.Our confidence and strength come from many sources: from the scientific judgment and correct grasp of the situation of the central leadership;from the policies and measures that have been formulated and implemented to respond to challenges and promote long-term development;from the huge demand generated by the development of infrastructure, the upgrading of the industrial structure and consumption patterns, environmental protection, and the development of the ecosystem and social programs in the rapid process of industrialization and urbanization;from the support of such factors as our ample capital and labor resources, our sound financial system in smooth operation, vigorous enterprises and flexible macro control policies;from our material, scientific and technological base and institutional conditions that have been created in the 30 years of reform and opening up;from our unique political and institutional advantages that enable us to mobilize resources to accomplish large undertakings, the stable, harmonious social environment we enjoy, and the enthusiasm and creativity of the whole nation from top to bottom to promote scientific development;and from the powerful spirit of the Chinese nation, which always works hard and persistently to make the country strong.As long as we closely follow the Party's leadership and firmly rely on the people of all our ethnic groups, we will be able to overcome any difficulties, minimize the adverse impact of the global financial crisis and promote sound and rapid economic and social development.綜觀國際國內形勢，我國仍處于重要戰略機遇期。挑戰與機遇并存，困難與希望同在。我國經濟社會發展的基本面和長期向好的趨勢沒有改變。我們完全有信心、有條件、有能力克服困難，戰勝挑戰。我們的信心和力量，來自中央對形勢的科學判斷和準確把握；來自已經制定并實施的應對挑戰、著眼長遠的一系列政策舉措；來自工業化、城鎮化快速推進中的基礎設施建設、產業結構和消費結構升級、環境保護、生態建設和社會事業發展等方面的巨大需求；來自充裕的資金、豐富的勞動力資源等要素支撐；來自運行穩健的金融體系、活力增強的各類企業和富于彈性的宏觀調控政策；來自改革開放３０年建立的物質、科技基礎和體制條件；來自集中力量辦大事的政治和制度優勢、和諧安定的社會環境以及全國上下促進科學發展的積極性、創造性；來自中華民族堅忍不拔、發憤圖強的偉大精神力量。只要我們緊緊依靠黨的領導和全國各族人民，就沒有克服不了的困難，就一定能夠把國際金融危機的不利影響降到最低程度，就一定能夠推動經濟社會又好又快發展。

To carry out the work of the government well this year, we must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide, and thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.We need to make ensuring steady and rapid economic development the main task of our economic work.We need to strengthen and improve macroeconomic control, vigorously expand domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, change the pattern of development and speed up strategic economic restructuring, and deepen reform and improve our work of opening to the outside world.We need to improve the people's lives, increase social harmony and promote all-round progress in socialist economic, political, cultural, social and ecological development.做好今年的政府工作，要高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導，深入貫徹落實科學發展觀，把保持經濟平穩較快發展作為經濟工作的首要星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)任務，加強和改善宏觀調控，著力擴大國內需求特別是消費需求，著力轉變發展方式、加快經濟結構戰略性調整，著力深化改革、提高對外開放水平，著力改善民生促進社會和諧，全面推進社會主義經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設以及生態文明建設。

We have set the following major targets for this year's national economic and social development: GDP will grow by about 8%;the economic structure will further improve;urban employment will increase by more than nine million persons;the urban registered unemployment rate will be held under 4.6%, urban and rural incomes will grow steadily;the rise in the CPI will be around 4%;and the balance of payments will continue to improve.It needs to be stressed that in projecting the GDP growth target at about 8%, we have taken into consideration both our need and ability to sustain development.In China, a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion, maintaining a certain growth rate for the economy is essential for expanding employment for both urban and rural residents, increasing people's incomes and ensuring social stability.As long as we adopt the right policies and appropriate measures and implement them effectively, we will be able to achieve this target.今年國民經濟和社會發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長８％左右，經濟結構進一步優化；城鎮新增就業９００萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率４．６％以內；城鄉居民收入穩定增長；居民消費價格總水平漲幅４％左右；國際收支狀況繼續改善。這里要著重說明，提出８％左右的國內生產總值增長目標，綜合考慮了發展的需要和可能。在我們這樣一個１３億人口的發展中國家，要擴大城鄉就業，增加居民收入，維護社會穩定，就必須保持一定的經濟增長速度。只要政策對頭，措施得當，落實有力，就有可能實現這一目標。

To ensure success of the government's work this year, we must act on the following principles.做好今年政府工作，必須把握好以下原則：

First, we must boost domestic demand to sustain economic growth.We need to steadfastly take reversing the downward trend in economic growth as the primary goal of macro control, and make boosting domestic demand a long-term strategic principle and a basic point of departure for stimulating economic growth.We will work to increase effective demand, shore up weak links, and give full play to the leading role of domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, in driving economic growth.一是擴內需、保增長。堅持把扭轉經濟增速下滑趨勢作為宏觀調控最重要的目標，把擴大國內需求作為促進經濟增長的長期戰略方針和根本著力點，增加有效需求，加強薄弱環節，充分發揮內需特別是消費需求拉動經濟增長的主導作用。

Second, we must adjust the structure of the economy to raise it to a higher level of development.In changing the pattern of development, we will continue to focus on economic restructuring and independent innovation.We will turn pressure into impetus for growth, unwaveringly protect and develop advanced productive forces, shut down 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)backward production facilities, integrate factors of production and create more room for development.We will balance our efforts to sustain economic growth, adjust the structure and improve economic performance to raise the overall quality of the national economy and strengthen the basis for its further development.二是調結構、上水平。堅持把推進經濟結構調整和自主創新作為轉變發展方式的主攻方向，變壓力為動力，堅定不移地保護和發展先進生產力，淘汰落后產能，整合生產要素，拓展發展空間，實現保增長和調結構、增效益相統一，增強國民經濟整體素質和發展后勁。

Third, we must press ahead with reform to make the economy more vigorous.We will continue to take deepening reform and opening up as the fundamental driving force for promoting scientific development.We need to further emancipate our minds, intensify reform in major areas and key links, eliminate obstacles embedded in systems and mechanisms and stimulate greater creativity for development.三是抓改革、增活力。堅持把深化改革開放作為促進科學發展的根本動力，進一步解放思想，加大重點領域和關鍵環節改革力度，消除體制機制障礙，激發創造活力。

Fourth, we must give top priority to ensuring people's well-being and promote social harmony.The more difficulties we face, the greater attention we should pay to ensuring people's well-being and promoting social harmony and stability.We will continue to ensure that maintaining and improving people's lives is always the starting and end point of our economic work.We will implement an even more proactive employment policy and closely integrate efforts to stimulate growth with efforts to expand employment and improve people's lives in order to ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.四是重民生、促和諧。越是困難的時候，越要關注民生，越要促進社會和諧穩定。堅持把保障和改善民生作為經濟工作的出發點和落腳點，實行更加積極的就業政策，把促進增長與擴大就業、改善民生緊密結合起來，讓人民群眾共享改革發展的成果。

III.Major Tasks for 2009

三、２００９年主要任務

This year, our government work will give high priority to dealing with the global financial crisis and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We will take a coordinated approach, stress key areas, and fully implement a package plan to ensure steady and rapid economic development.We will dramatically increase government investment by launching a four trillion yuan two-year investment plan, for which the central government has pledged 1.18 trillion yuan, and implement a structural tax reduction in order to stimulate domestic demand.We will also implement a massive plan to adjust and reinvigorate industries to raise the overall competitiveness of the economy;vigorously promote independent innovation and provide scientific and technological support to increase the sustaining power of development;and significantly increase social 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)security benefits, expand urban and rural employment and promote development of social programs.To implement this package plan, we will concentrate our efforts on the following seven areas.今年的政府工作，要以應對國際金融危機、促進經濟平穩較快發展為主線，統籌兼顧，突出重點，全面實施促進經濟平穩較快發展的一攬子計劃。大規模增加政府投資，實施總額４萬億元的兩年投資計劃，其中中央政府擬新增１．１８萬億元，實行結構性減稅，擴大國內需求；大范圍實施調整振興產業規劃，提高國民經濟整體競爭力；大力推進自主創新，加強科技支撐，增強發展后勁；大幅度提高社會保障水平，擴大城鄉就業，促進社會事業發展。以實施一攬子計劃為重點，今年要著力抓好以下七方面工作：

1.Improving and strengthening macro control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development

（一）加強和改善宏觀調控，保持經濟平穩較快發展

We need to adhere to a flexible and prudent control policy to make our macro control more responsive to changes and more results-oriented.We will reverse the slowdown in economic growth as soon as possible and maintain steady and rapid economic development.要堅持靈活審慎的調控方針，提高宏觀調控的應變能力和實際效果，盡快扭轉經濟增速下滑趨勢，保持經濟平穩較快發展。

We will implement a proactive fiscal policy.實施積極的財政政策。

First, we will significantly increase government spending.This is the most active, direct and efficient way we can expand domestic demand.There will be a large discrepancy between government revenues and expenditures this year.On the one hand, a slowdown in economic growth and the reduction of tax burdens on enterprises and individuals will inevitably slow the growth of government revenues.On the other hand, we must significantly increase investment and government expenditures to stimulate economic growth, improve people's lives and deepen reform.To cover the shortfall arising from the decline in government revenues and growth in expenditures, we have set this year's central government deficit at 750 billion yuan, 570 billion yuan more than last year.In addition, the State Council will allow local governments to issue 200 billion yuan worth of government bonds through the Ministry of Finance, which will go into provincial budgets.These will add up to a 950 billion yuan deficit, accounting for less than 3% of the GDP.Although the deficit will increase significantly this year, the constant drop in government deficits in previous years provides room to issue more bonds this year, and the ratio of the cumulative balance of outstanding government bonds to GDP, which is around 20%, is within the acceptable range of what our overall national strength can bear 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)and is therefore safe.一是大幅度增加政府支出，這是擴大內需最主動、最直接、最有效的措施。今年財政收支緊張的矛盾十分突出。一方面，經濟增速放緩、減輕企業和居民稅負必然會使財政收入增速下降；另一方面，為刺激經濟增長、改善民生和深化改革，又需要大幅度增加投資和政府支出。為彌補財政減收增支形成的缺口，擬安排中央財政赤字７５００億元，比上年增加５７００億元，同時國務院同意地方發行２０００億元債券，由財政部代理發行，列入省級預算管理。全國財政赤字合計９５００億元，占國內生產總值比重在３％以內，雖然當年赤字增加較多，但由于前幾年連續減少赤字，發債空間較大，累計國債余額占國內生產總值比重２０％左右，這是我國綜合國力可以承受的，總體上也是安全的。

Second, we will carry out structural tax reduction and promote reform of taxes and fees.We will reduce tax burdens on enterprises and individuals by a variety of means such as tax cuts, rebates and exemptions to encourage enterprise investment and consumer spending and invigorate the micro-economy.Preliminary calculations indicate that the burdens on enterprises and individuals will fall by approximately 500 billion yuan this year as the result of comprehensively carrying out VAT reform;implementing existing preferential tax policies on small and medium-sized enterprises, the real estate industry and securities transactions and export rebate policies;and rescinding or suspending 100 administrative charges.二是實行結構性減稅和推進稅費改革。采取減稅、退稅或抵免稅等多種方式減輕企業和居民稅負，促進企業投資和居民消費，增強微觀經濟活力。初步測算，今年全面實施增值稅轉型，落實已出臺的中小企業、房地產和證券交易相關稅收優惠以及出口退稅等方面政策，加上取消和停征１００項行政事業性收費，可減輕企業和居民負擔約５０００億元。

Third, we will optimize the structure of government expenditures.We will continue to increase investment in key areas, strictly control regular expenditures, and do everything we can to reduce administrative costs.三是優化財政支出結構。繼續加大對重點領域投入，嚴格控制一般性開支，努力降低行政成本。

We will follow a moderately easy monetary policy and give monetary policy a more active role to play in promoting economic growth.實施適度寬松的貨幣政策。貨幣政策要在促進經濟增長方面發揮更加積極的作用。

First, we will improve financial control.We will increase the broad money supply by about 17% and grant over five trillion yuan in additional loans to ensure that the supply of money and credit meets the requirements of economic development.一是改善金融調控。保證貨幣信貸總量滿足經濟發展需求，廣義貨幣增長１７％左右，新增貸款５萬億元以上。

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)

Second, we will improve the credit structure.We will strengthen monitoring and guidance of the flow of credit, increase financial support for weak links such as agriculture, rural areas and farmers as well as small and medium-sized enterprises, and effectively resolve the problem some businesses have in getting financing.We will strictly control lending to industries and enterprises that are energy intensive or highly polluting or have excess production capacity.二是優化信貸結構。加強對信貸投向的監測和指導，加大對“三農”、中小企業等薄弱環節的金融支持，切實解決一些企業融資難問題。嚴格控制對高耗能、高污染和產能過剩行業企業的貸款。

Third, we will improve the mechanism for transmitting monetary policy and guarantee the smooth flow of funds.We will make full use of the advantages and special features of all kinds of financial institutions, innovate and improve financial services, satisfy reasonable requests for financing, and create a synergy for finance to promote economic development.三是進一步理順貨幣政策傳導機制，保證資金渠道暢通。充分發揮各類金融機構的優勢和特點，創新和改進金融服務，滿足合理資金需求，形成金融促進經濟發展的合力。

Fourth, we will strengthen and improve financial oversight and supervision.All kinds of financial enterprises need to strengthen risk management and become better able to withstand risks.We will ensure that there is a proper balance between innovation, opening up, and oversight and supervision in the financial sector.We will strengthen monitoring and supervision of cross-border capital flows and maintain financial stability and security.四是加強和改進金融監管。各類金融企業都要加強風險管理，增強抵御風險能力。處理好金融創新、金融開放與金融監管的關系。加強跨境資本流動監測和管理，維護金融穩定和安全。

We need to make our fiscal and monetary policies more consistent and coordinated with our industrial, trade, land, investment and employment policies to create a control synergy.要加強產業、貿易、土地、投資、就業政策與財政、貨幣政策的一致性和協調性，形成調控合力。

2.Actively boosting domestic demand, especially consumer demand, and strengthening the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth

（二）積極擴大國內需求特別是消費需求，增強內需對經濟增長的拉動作用

First, we will expand consumption, especially individual consumption.We will 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)continue to adjust income distribution, raise the proportion of the national income that goes to wages, increase the proportion of government spending dedicated to improving people's lives and expanding consumption, and increase subsidies to farmers and low-income urban residents.We need to cultivate areas of high consumer demand and expand consumption in new areas.We will improve the policy on automobile consumption, accelerate development of markets for second-hand cars and car rental, and guide and promote rational spending on automobiles.We will vigorously expand consumption that makes people's lives easier, such as community-based businesses, property management and household services;accelerate development of tourism and leisure consumption;increase consumption in culture, recreation, sports and fitness services;and vigorously expand consumption in new areas such as the Internet and animation.We will improve consumption policies and the consumption environment.We will accelerate the project to encourage retailers to open stores in more townships and villages, and encourage commercial chains to open more outlets in rural areas.We will intensify the development of consumption facilities and service networks in both urban and rural areas, rectify order in the market, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.We will promptly work out and introduce policies and measures to encourage consumption, and vigorously develop consumer credit.We will do all the work of implementing the programs for bringing home appliances, agricultural machinery, and automobiles and motorbikes to the countryside well, and we will make effective and flexible use of the 40 billion yuan in central government subsidies provided to get enterprises to increase their sales and enable farmers to enjoy real benefits.一是擴大消費尤其是居民消費。繼續調整收入分配格局，提高勞動報酬占國民收入的比重，增加政府支出用于改善民生、擴大消費的比重，增加對城鎮低收入群眾和農民的補貼。要培育消費熱點，拓展消費空間。完善汽車消費政策，加快發展二手車市場和汽車租賃市場，引導和促進汽車合理消費。大力發展社區商業、物業、家政等便民消費，加快發展旅游休閑消費，擴大文化娛樂、體育健身等服務消費，積極發展網絡動漫等新型消費。完善消費政策，優化消費環境。加快建設“萬村千鄉”市場工程，推進連鎖經營向農村延伸。要加強城鄉消費設施和服務體系建設，規范市場秩序，維護消費者合法權益。抓緊研究出臺鼓勵消費的政策措施，積極發展消費信貸。做好“家電下鄉”、“農機下鄉”、“汽車、摩托車下鄉”等工作，把中央財政的４００億元補貼資金用好用活，使企業增加銷售、農民得到實惠。

Second, we will maintain rapid growth in investment and improve the investment structure.The central government plans to invest 908 billion yuan this year.Government investment will focus on projects to improve people's lives such as those for developing low-income housing, education, heath care and culture;projects to conserve energy, protect the environment, improve the ecosystem, upgrade technologies, and make scientific and technological innovations;projects to make key infrastructure improvements, including farmland improvement and water conservancy projects, railways, and freeways;and post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.We must channel government investment to areas where it best counteracts the effects of the global financial crisis and to weak areas in economic and social development, and no government investment will be made in the regular processing industries.We will 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)promptly work out and introduce preferential policies to encourage and guide non-governmental investment.We need to support non-governmental investment in areas favored by state industrial policies and encourage enterprises to increase spending on R&D and technological upgrading through proper release of information and improved guidance.All government money comes from the people, and we must spend every penny responsibly.We will make every effort to ensure that all construction projects meet high quality standards and are built to last and be passed onto our future generations as valuable legacy.二是保持投資較快增長和優化投資結構。今年中央政府投資總額９０８０億元，主要用于保障性住房、教育、衛生、文化等民生工程建設，節能環保和生態建設，技術改造與科技創新，農田水利、鐵路、高速公路等重點基礎設施建設和地震災后恢復重建。政府投資必須用在應對危機最關鍵的地方，用在經濟社會發展的薄弱環節，絕不能用于一般加工工業。要抓緊研究出臺鼓勵引導社會投資的優惠政策。通過發布信息、加強引導，支持社會資本投向符合國家產業政策的領域，鼓勵企業增加研發和技改投資。我們的每一分錢都來自人民，必須對人民負責。所有工程建設都要堅持百年大計、質量第一，給子孫后代留下寶貴財富。

Third, we will promote the steady and healthy development of the real estate market.We will adopt even more vigorous and effective policies and measures to stabilize market confidence and expectations, keep real estate investment stable, and promote steady and orderly development of the real estate industry.We will speed up implementation and improvement of policies and measures to promote development of low-income housing projects.Wewill strive to solve the housing problems of 7.5 million low-income urban families and 2.4 million families living in shantytowns in forests, on reclaimed land and around coalmines within three years.This year, the central government will allocate 49.3 billion yuan for the construction of low-income housing to increase funding for developing low-rent housing and improving housing conditions in shantytowns, and increase housing subsidies for the central and western regions by an appropriate amount.We will expand the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas and build permanent housing for nomads in ethnic minority areas.A pilot program will be launched in selected places where conditions permit to use the idle portion of the housing accumulation fund to support development of affordable housing.We will vigorously develop public rental housing.We will effectively implement credit, tax and other policies to support people in purchasing homes and making home improvements.Individuals who meet relevant criteria and apply for bank loans to support the purchase of a second home for personal use will enjoy similar preferential lending policies that apply to the purchase of first homes.We will implement the policy to reduce or exempt the business tax on housing transfers to varying degrees based on the age of the housing.We will expand consumption and supply of ordinary commercial housing, and increase credit support for building small and medium-sized condominiums at low and medium price levels.We will speed up development of the market for second-hand homes and the home rental market.We will encourage and guide local governments to stabilize and develop their real estate market in light of local conditions, and strengthen supervision of the housing market by type.We will continue to rectify order in the real estate market, and 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)standardize transactions.We will help rural migrant workers in cities solve their housing problems.We will deepen reform of the urban housing system to meet people's multilevel housing demand, and strive to ensure adequate housing for everyone.三是促進房地產市場穩定健康發展。采取更加積極有效的政策措施，穩定市場信心和預期，穩定房地產投資，推動房地產業平穩有序發展。加快落實和完善促進保障性住房建設的政策措施，爭取用三年時間，解決７５０萬戶城市低收入住房困難家庭和２４０萬戶林區、墾區、煤礦等棚戶區居民的住房問題。今年中央財政擬安排保障性安居工程資金４９３億元，加大對廉租房建設和棚戶區改造的投資支持力度，適當提高中西部地區補助標準，擴大農村危房改造試點范圍，實施少數民族地區游牧民定居工程。選擇一些有條件的地區進行試點，把部分住房公積金閑置資金補充用于經濟適用住房建設。積極發展公共租賃住房。落實好支持居民購買自住性和改善性住房的信貸、稅收和其他政策。對符合條件的第二套普通自住房購買者，比照執行首次貸款購買普通自住房的優惠政策；對住房轉讓環節營業稅，按不同年限實行有區別的稅收減免政策。促進普通商品住房消費和供給，加大對中小套型、中低價位普通商品房建設的信貸支持。加快發展二手房市場和住房租賃市場。鼓勵引導各地因地制宜穩定和發展房地產市場，加強住房市場分類管理。繼續整頓房地產市場秩序，規范交易行為。幫助進城農民工解決住房困難問題。深化城鎮住房制度改革，滿足居民多層次住房需求，努力實現住有所居的目標。

Fourth, we will accelerate recovery and reconstruction of areas hit by the Wenchuan earthquake.We will promptly and fully implement the master plan for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.The central government will allocate 130 billion yuan for this purpose this year.We will quickly rebuild homes for quake-affected urban and rural residents by combining repair and reinforcement of existing housing with construction of new housing.We will basically complete reconstruction of rural houses collapsed or badly damaged during the earthquake, and ensure quake-stricken residents can move into new houses by the end of this year.We will accelerate rebuilding of schools in the quake zone and ensure that more than 95% of the students whose school buildings were destroyed in the earthquake will have permanent school buildings.We will continue work to repair and rebuild infrastructure such as transportation, communications, energy and water conservancy facilities.We will effectively prevent and control geological disasters, restore the ecosystem, improve the environment, and resume cultivation of damaged arable land.We will speed up industrial rebuilding and development in the quake zone on the basis of the plan to adjust and reinvigorate key industries.We will continue to provide one-to-one assistance and special aid to the quake zone and manage and use funds, goods and materials for post-earthquake reconstruction well.We will intensify and accelerate post-earthquake reconstruction and strive to basically reach the targets in two years that had originally been set for three, so that residents of the quake zone can begin to live a happier life as soon as possible.四是加快推進地震災區恢復重建。抓緊全面實施災后恢復重建總體規劃，中央財政今年再安排１３００億元災后重建資金。加快災區城鄉居民住房恢復重建，實行維修加固與新建相結合。基本完成因災倒塌和嚴重損毀農房重建任務，保證受災群眾在今年底前住進新房。加快地震災區學校恢復建設，確保今年底９５％以上的學生都能在永久性校舍中學習。繼續星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)推進交通、通信、能源、水利等基礎設施恢復重建。搞好地質災害防治、生態修復、環境整治和災毀耕地復耕。結合實施重點產業調整振興規劃，加快災區產業重建與發展。繼續搞好對口支援和專項援助，管好用好災后重建資金和物資。災后重建要加大力度，加快進度，力爭在兩年內基本完成原定三年的目標任務，讓災區人民早日過上更加幸福美好的生活。

3.Consolidating and strengthening the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy, and promoting steady development of agriculture and continuous increase in rural incomes

（三）鞏固和加強農業基礎地位，促進農業穩定發展和農民持續增收

We will focus on the following five areas.今年重點抓好五件事：

First, we will steadily develop grain production.We will effectively keep the area planted in grain crops stable, focus on increasing the yield per unit area and optimizing the variety mix, and increase the country's grain production capacity by 50 million tons.一是穩定發展糧食生產。切實穩定種植面積，著力提高單產，優化品種結構，推進全國新增千億斤糧食生產能力建設。

Second, we will adjust the agricultural structure based on market demand.We will support the production of important agricultural products in short supply, and improve the quality, profitability and competitiveness of agricultural products.We will speed up implementation of the new plan for developing agricultural products in regions with the most suitable conditions.We will support the growing of oil bearing and other cash crops in areas with the most suitable conditions.We will stabilize hog production, implement the plan for reinvigorating the dairy industry, and promote large-scale, standardized, healthy farming practices in animal husbandry and aquaculture.We will strengthen the prevention and control of major animal and plant epidemics.二是以市場需求為導向調整農業結構。支持重要緊缺農產品生產，提高農產品質量、效益和競爭力。加快實施新一輪優勢農產品區域布局規劃，支持優勢產區發展油料等經濟作物，穩定生豬生產，實施奶業振興規劃，推進畜牧水產規模化標準化健康養殖。加強重大動植物疫病防控。

Third, we will intensify development of agricultural infrastructure and projects designed to improve the lives of rural people.We will develop land on a large scale and comprehensively improve farmland, water supplies, roads, and forests.We will upgrade low-and medium-yield farmland and develop farm plots that meet high standards.We will speed up the reinforcement of large and medium-sized reservoirs and dangerous key small reservoirs.We will further improve irrigated areas and build more small water conservancy facilities.By the end of next year, we will have basically paved the roads 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)linking all towns and townships across the country and all incorporated villages with the proper conditions in the eastern and central regions and will have completed the construction of roads connecting all incorporated villages with the proper conditions in the western region.In addition, we will provide safe drinking water to another 60 million people and methane to an additional five million households.We will continue to improve rural infrastructure, including power grids, postal service, and telecommunications, and intensify development of rural social programs.三是加強農業基礎設施和農村民生工程建設。大規模開展土地整治，實行田、水、路、林綜合治理，推進中低產田改造，建設高標準農田。加快大中型和重點小型病險水庫除險加固進度，加強灌區改造和小型農田水利建設。到明年底，基本實現全國鄉鎮和東中部地區具備條件的建制村道路硬化，西部地區具備條件的建制村通公路。再解決６０００萬人安全飲水問題，增加５００萬沼氣用戶，繼續加強農村電網、郵政通信和社會事業等基礎建設。

Fourth, we will increase rural incomes in a variety of ways.We will vigorously develop modern agriculture with distinctive local features, support intensive processing and sale of agricultural products, develop rural secondary and tertiary industries, accelerate the development of small towns, and strengthen county economies.四是多渠道促進農民增收。大力發展特色現代農業，扶持農產品精深加工和銷售，發展農村二三產業，加快小城鎮建設，壯大縣域經濟。

Fifth, we will intensify our efforts to alleviate poverty through development.This year, a new poverty line will be adopted and all low-income rural residents will be covered by the poverty relief policy.The threshold will be increased to 1,196 yuan per person on average, and coverage will be extended to include 40.07 million recipients.This marks the beginning of a new stage in China's efforts to reduce poverty through development.We need to improve state poverty relief strategies and policies, increase funding, and steadfastly make development the basis of poverty reduction.We will give priority to eradicating poverty at the village level, training rural residents for nonagricultural employment, and reducing poverty through industrial development and relocation of residents so that the poor get the basic necessities, escape poverty, and become prosperous.五是加大扶貧開發力度。今年將實行新的扶貧標準，對農村低收入人口全面實施扶貧政策。新標準提高到人均１１９６元，扶貧對象覆蓋４００７萬人，這標志著我國扶貧開發進入一個新階段。要完善國家扶貧戰略和政策，加大扶貧資金投入，堅持開發式扶貧，重點抓好整村推進、勞動力轉移培訓、產業化扶貧和移民扶貧，穩定解決扶貧對象溫飽問題并努力實現脫貧致富。

We will take the following measures to comprehensively strengthen our work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers.全面加強“三農”工作要采取以下措施：

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)

First, we will greatly increase funding for agriculture and rural areas.Central government allocations for agriculture, rural areas and farmers will total 716.1 billion yuan this year, a year-on-year increase of 120.6 billion yuan.We will significantly increase funding for rural public facilities in the central and western regions, and relieve governments at and below the county level of the burden of providing supporting funds for them.Greater priority will be given to major grain-producing areas in implementing the policies and measures supporting grain production.More general transfer payments and financial rewards will be provided to major grain-producing counties and greater support given to projects for industrializing grain production.一要大幅度增加農業農村投入。今年中央財政擬安排“三農”投入７１６１億元，比上年增加１２０６億元。大幅度增加對中西部地區農村公益性建設項目投入，取消縣及縣以下相關資金配套要求。支持糧食生產的政策措施向主產區傾斜，加大對產糧大縣一般性轉移支付、財政獎勵和糧食產業建設項目的扶持力度。

Second, we will significantly raise minimum grain purchase prices and keep the prices of agricultural products stable at a reasonable level to encourage farmers to grow more.This year the floor price for the purchase of wheat and rice will be increased by 0.22 yuan and 0.26 yuan per kilogram on average respectively.We will apply policies in a timely fashion to temporarily purchase and stockpile major agricultural products to build up reserves of grain, cotton, edible oil and pork, and strengthen regulation of the farm products market.二要較大幅度提高糧食最低收購價，保持農產品價格合理水平，提高種糧農民積極性。今年小麥、稻谷最低收購價平均每斤分別提高０．１１元和０．１３元。適時啟動主要農產品臨時收儲政策，增加糧食、棉花、食用植物油和豬肉儲備，加強農產品市場調控。

Third, we will further increase agricultural subsidies.Central government funding for these subsidies will total 123 billion yuan, an increase of 20 billion yuan over last year.Direct subsidies to grain producers will continue to increase.We will increase subsidies for the use of superior seed varieties, raise subsidy levels, make subsidies available to all rice, wheat, corn and cotton growers, extend them more widely to canola and soybean farmers, and start to subsidize tea-oil tree planting.The central government will spend 13 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of nine billion yuan, on subsidies to all agricultural and pastoral counties(farms)throughout the country for purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We will promptly increase general subsidies for agricultural supplies to coordinate with price rises and changes in the acreage planted in various crops.三要進一步增加農業補貼。中央財政擬安排補貼資金１２３０億元，比上年增加２００億元。繼續增加糧食直補。加大良種補貼力度，提高補貼標準，實現水稻、小麥、玉米、棉花全覆蓋，擴大油菜和大豆良種補貼范圍，實施油茶良種補貼。農機具購置補貼覆蓋到全國所有農牧業縣（場），中央財政擬安排資金１３０億元，比上年增加９０億元。根據農資星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)價格上漲幅度和農作物播種面積，及時增加農資綜合補貼。

Fourth, we will speed up development of a new system under which various sectors of society provide services for agriculture.We will increase spending on agricultural science and technology, intensify efforts to expand application of innovations in agricultural science and technology and become better able to provide agriculture-related technical services.We will improve public service agencies charged with promoting application of agricultural technologies, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and monitoring the quality of agricultural products at the local level.We will support supply and marketing cooperatives, specialized farmer cooperatives and pacesetting enterprises in providing diverse production and operation services.四要加快新型農業社會化服務體系建設。加大農業科技投入，加強農業科技創新成果推廣和服務能力建設。健全基層農業技術推廣、動植物疫病防控、農產品質量監管等公共服務機構，支持供銷合作社、農民專業合作社、龍頭企業等提供多種形式的生產經營服務。

Fifth, we will stabilize and improve the basic rural operation system.We will ensure that existing land contract relationships remain stable and unchanged for a long time to come, and enhance and better protect the land contract and management rights enjoyed by rural residents, including migrant workers who are away from their home villages.The transfer of land use rights must occur on a compensated, voluntary basis and be conducted in accordance with the law.We will adhere to and apply the strictest possible systems for protecting arable land and economizing on the use of land, and do everything in our power to keep the total amount of arable land above the red line of 120 million hectares.Reform of the system of collective forest rights will move forward.Overall rural reform will be deepened.We will accelerate reform of town and township government departments and work actively yet prudently to ease the debts of townships and villages.五要穩定完善農村基本經營制度。現有土地承包關系要保持穩定并長久不變，賦予農民包括離鄉農民工更加充分而有保障的土地承包經營權。土地承包經營權流轉必須堅持依法自愿有償的原則。堅持和落實最嚴格的耕地保護制度和最嚴格的節約用地制度，嚴守１８億畝耕地紅線不動搖。推進集體林權制度改革。深化農村綜合改革。加快鄉鎮機構改革。積極穩妥化解鄉村債務。

4.Accelerating transformation of the pattern of development and energetically promoting strategic economic restructuring

（四）加快轉變發展方式，大力推進經濟結構戰略性調整

This year we will focus on improving industrial restructuring in order to maintain economic growth and promote industrial upgrading.今年要圍繞保增長、促升級，重點抓好產業結構調整。

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)First, we will conscientiously implement plans for adjusting and invigorating key industries such as the automobile, steel, shipbuilding, petrochemical, textile, nonferrous metals, equipment manufacturing, information technology, modern logistics, and light industries.We will carry out industrial restructuring and upgrading to resolve the prominent problems and conflicts that hinder their development.一是認真實施汽車、鋼鐵、造船、石化、輕工、紡織、有色金屬、裝備制造、電子信息、現代物流等重點產業調整和振興規劃。著力解決這些行業發展中存在的突出矛盾和問題，推進結構調整和優化升級。

Second, we will energetically adjust the structure of enterprises and carry out mergers and reorganizations.We will support superior enterprises in acquiring ones that are backward or have financial difficulties.We will encourage well-established enterprises to work with each other, and upstream and downstream enterprises to integrate their operations in order to raise the level of industry concentration and the efficiency of resource allocation.二是大力推進企業組織結構調整和兼并重組，支持優勢企業并購落后企業和困難企業，鼓勵強強聯合和上下游一體化經營，提高產業集中度和資源配置效率。

Third, we will take more effective measures to support development of small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly implement financial support policies, improve the financing guarantee system, streamline loan procedures, and increase the scale of loans.Central government funding for supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises will increase from 3.9 billion yuan to 9.6 billion yuan.We will continue to implement preferential tax policies to encourage small and medium-sized enterprises to make scientific and technological innovations, upgrade their technology, and create more jobs.We will improve the system under which various sectors of society provide services for small and medium-sized enterprises.三是采取更加有力的措施扶持中小企業發展。抓緊落實金融支持政策，健全融資擔保體系，簡化貸款程序，增加貸款規模。中央財政中小企業發展資金從３９億元增加到９６億元。繼續實行鼓勵中小企業科技創新、技術改造、增加就業的稅收優惠政策。健全中小企業社會化服務體系。

Fourth, we will actively support enterprises in accelerating technological upgrading and develop innovation-based enterprises.The central government will allocate 20 billion yuan, mainly in interest subsidies, to support technological upgrading in enterprises.We will encourage enterprises to apply new technologies, new production processes, new equipment and new materials so that they can adapt to market changes, develop more readily marketable products, undertake product innovation, and improve their product quality and the level of production and business operations.四是積極支持企業加快技術改造，建設創新型企業。中央財政擬安排２００億元專項星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)資金，主要用貼息方式支持企業技術改造。鼓勵企業應用新技術、新工藝、新設備、新材料，適應市場變化，開發適銷對路產品，推進產品創新，提高產品質量和生產經營水平。

Fifth, we will accelerate development of modern service industries.We will promote development of the banking, insurance, modern logistics, consulting, software and creative industries, and develop new types of services.We will upgrade traditional service industries.五是加快發展現代服務業。促進金融保險、現代物流、信息咨詢、軟件和創意產業發展，拓展新興服務領域。提升傳統服務業。

We will vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation.We will integrate making technological innovation with boosting domestic demand, maintaining economic growth, making structural adjustments and raising the level of development.This year the central government will allocate 146.1 billion yuan to the science and technology sector, up 25.6% from last year.大力推進科技創新。科技創新要與擴內需、促增長，調結構、上水平緊密結合起來。今年中央財政科技投入１４６１億元，增長２５．６％。

First, we need to speed up implementation of the Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development, particularly, implementation of major science and technology projects.We will select and launch a number of projects that give strong impetus to scientific and technological development, have a widespread impact, and yield quick results, in order to quickly make breakthroughs in core and key generic technologies that can stimulate the transformation of industries and technological upgrading, and support invigoration of industries and long-term economic development.一要加快實施國家中長期科技發展規劃綱要，特別是科技重大專項。選擇一些帶動力強、影響面大、見效快的項目抓緊開展工作，爭取盡快突破一批核心技術和關鍵共性技術，帶動產業轉型和技術升級，支撐產業振興和經濟長遠發展。

Second, we need to deepen reform of the science and technology management system.We will get enterprises to play a key role in technological innovation, and encourage more scientists and engineers to work on the frontlines of economic development spreading technologies, doing product R&D, and starting technology based enterprises.We will get enterprises, universities, and research institutes to work more closely together to accelerate the application of scientific and technological advances in production.二要深化科技體制改革，發揮企業在技術創新中的主體作用。動員更多科技人員投身經濟建設第一線，推廣技術、研發產品、創辦科技型企業。推進產學研結合，加快科技成果向現實生產力轉化。

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)

Third, we will make the equipment manufacturing industry stronger and larger.We will implement the project to increase self-sufficiency in doing R&D on manufacturing major equipment and implement a related system of government procurement.We will vigorously develop manufacturing of complete sets of major equipment, high-tech equipment and equipment needed in high-tech industries, raise the level of integrated innovation and make greater use of domestic components in the equipment manufacturing industry.三要做強做大裝備制造業。落實自主研發重大裝備國內依托工程和政府采購制度，著力發展重大成套設備、高技術裝備和高技術產業所需裝備，提高裝備制造業集成創新和國產化水平。

Fourth, we will support and promote R&D on technologies in new energy sources, biology, medicine, third generation mobile communications, the integration of telecommunications networks, cable TV networks and the Internet, energy conservation and environmental protection, and their industrial application.We will develop clusters of new-and high-tech industries, and create new areas of demand in society.四要支持和推進新能源、生物、醫藥、第三代移動通信、三網融合、節能環保等技術研發和產業化，發展高新技術產業群，創造新的社會需求。

Fifth, we will continue to implement the strategy of reinvigorating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country through human resources development and the intellectual property rights strategy.We will continue to develop the national innovation system, intensify basic research and research in leading-edge technologies, and accelerate development of major infrastructure facilities and public platforms for science and technology.We will work vigorously to bring in high-caliber personnel and intellectual resources from overseas and intensify the training of all types of personnel.We will become better able to create, utilize, protect and manage intellectual property rights.五要繼續實施科教興國戰略、人才強國戰略和知識產權戰略。繼續推進國家創新體系建設，加強基礎科學和前沿技術研究，加快重大科技基礎設施和公用平臺建設。積極引進海外高層次人才和智力，加強各類人才隊伍建設。提高知識產權創造、運用、保護和管理水平。

We will work tirelessly to save energy, reduce emissions, preserve the ecosystems, and protect the environment.毫不松懈地加強節能減排和生態環保工作。

First, we will emphasize energy conservation in the three key areas of industry, transportation and construction;continue work on the ten major energy conservation projects;and implement energy-conserving measures for power generators, boilers, 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)automobiles, air-conditioners and lighting products.一是突出抓好工業、交通、建筑三大領域節能，繼續推進十大重點節能工程建設，落實電機、鍋爐、汽車、空調、照明等方面的節能措施。

Second, we will energetically develop a circular economy and clean energy.We will steadfastly save energy, water and land.We will vigorously develop clean energy such as nuclear, hydraulic, wind, and solar power.We will promote the adaptation of clean coal technology for industrial application.We will strictly enforce national standards for energy consumption and environmental protection, increase the use of energy-conserving technologies and products, and promote comprehensive utilization of resources.二是大力發展循環經濟和清潔能源。堅持節能節水節地。積極發展核電、水電、風電、太陽能發電等清潔能源。推進潔凈煤技術產業化。嚴格執行能耗和環保國家標準，加大節能技術和產品推廣應用力度，加強資源綜合利用。

Third, we will improve our policies for conserving energy and protecting the environment, and strictly enforce the system of standards, assessment system and monitoring system for energy conservation and emissions reduction.三是健全節能環保各項政策，按照節能減排指標體系、考核體系、監測體系，狠抓落實。

Fourth, we will launch a nationwide campaign on the importance of energy conservation and emissions reduction, in which state organs and government-affiliated enterprises and institutions need to play an exemplary role.四是開展全民節能減排行動，國家機關、公共企事業單位要發揮表率作用。

Fifth, we will continue to intensify pollution prevention and control in key river valleys and regions;control the spread of stony deserts and desertification;carry out ecological conservation projects to build key forest shelterbelts, protect virgin forests, and bring the sources of dust storms affecting Beijing and Tianjin under control;and protect water, forests, grasslands, wetlands and other elements of the ecosystems.We will comprehensively improve the rural environment.We will rectify and standardize order in the exploitation of mineral resources and develop and use marine resources wisely.五是繼續強化重點流域、區域污染防治，加強石漠化、荒漠化治理，實施重點防護林、天然林保護和京津風沙源治理等生態建設工程，保護水、森林、草原、濕地等生態環境。推進農村環境綜合整治。整頓規范礦產資源開發秩序。合理開發利用海洋資源。

Sixth, we will implement the national plan for addressing climate change and become better able to respond to it.We will intensify basic research in meteorology, earthquake science, disaster prevention and mitigation, and surveying and mapping and 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)strengthen these areas.六是實施應對氣候變化國家方案，提高應對氣候變化能力。加強氣象、地震、防災減災、測繪基礎研究和能力建設。

We will comprehensively improve product quality and enhance workplace safety.This year we will launch a campaign to rectify and standardize order in the market and carry out the Quality and Safety Year campaign, which requires all industries and sectors to strengthen quality and safety supervision of all personnel and all processes in all areas.We will further tighten oversight and supervision of workplace safety in key industries and resolutely prevent serious and major accidents.We will make intensive efforts to improve food and drug safety, and improve and strictly enforce standards for product quality and safety.We will implement strict market access rules and product trace ability and recall systems so that the people buy food and drugs with confidence and consume them with satisfaction.全面提高產品質量和安全生產水平。今年要在全國開展整頓和規范市場秩序專項行動以及“質量和安全年”活動，各行各業都要加強全員、全過程、全方位質量和安全管理。進一步強化重點行業安全生產監管，堅決遏制重特大安全事故發生。深入開展食品藥品安全專項整治，健全并嚴格執行產品質量安全標準。實行嚴格的市場準入制度和產品質量追溯制度、召回制度。要讓人民群眾買得放心、吃得安心、用得舒心。

We will continue to implement the overall regional development strategy of promoting the large-scale development of the western region, reinvigorating northeast China and other old industrial bases, energizing development of the central region, and getting the eastern region to take the lead in development, and promote balanced development among regions.We will encourage all regions to work on the basis of local conditions, make full use of their advantages, and find a new path for development in response to the shock of external events.The eastern region needs to vigorously open up international markets, stabilize exports, and develop advanced manufacturing, modern services and new-and high-tech industries.It needs to accelerate industrial upgrading and institutional innovation, foster new areas of economic growth, create new advantages for participating in international cooperation and competition, and raise its capability for sustainable development.Special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin need to continue to take the lead in reform and opening up.We will increase support to the central and western regions and northeast China to improve their weak links in development.To remove bottlenecks in these regions, we will increase spending on infrastructure, ecological conservation and environmental protection, launch a number of key transportation and water conservancy projects, and accelerate development of a number of grain, energy, raw materials and equipment manufacturing bases that have distinctive local features and special advantages.We will accelerate development of key areas on a priority basis.We will promote the transformation of the economies of cities once dependent on now-depleted mineral resources in these regions.We will promptly formulate specific policies to encourage 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)industries to relocate to the central and western regions, and formulate and implement a national plan for development priority zones.We will fully support the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas.繼續實施西部大開發、東北地區等老工業基地振興、中部地區崛起、東部地區率先發展的區域發展總體戰略，促進區域協調發展。鼓勵各地從實際出發，充分發揮自身優勢，在應對外部沖擊中闖出發展新路。東部地區要大力開拓國際市場，穩定出口，著力發展先進制造業、現代服務業和高新技術產業，加快產業升級和體制創新，培育新的經濟增長點，形成參與國際合作競爭新優勢，增強更高水平上的可持續發展能力。經濟特區、上海浦東新區、天津濱海新區要繼續當好改革開放排頭兵。進一步支持中西部和東北地區加強薄弱環節，以消除瓶頸制約為重點，加大基礎設施、生態建設和環境保護投資力度，新開工一批交通、水利重點工程，加快建設一批糧食、能源原材料、裝備制造等優勢產業基地和特色產業基地，加快重點地區優先開發，促進礦產資源枯竭型城市經濟轉型。抓緊研究制定中西部地區承接產業轉移的具體政策。制定和實施全國主體功能區規劃。大力扶持革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區和貧困地區發展。

5.Continuing to deepen reform and opening up, and further improving systems and mechanisms conducive to developing in a scientific manner

（五）繼續深化改革開放，進一步完善有利于科學發展的體制機制

Reform and opening up provide an inexhaustible driving force for economic and social development.We will unswervingly carry out reform and opening up, resolve thorny problems hindering development by deepening reform, and obtain opportunities for development as China opens wider to the outside world.改革開放是經濟社會發展的不竭動力。我們將堅持改革開放不動搖，通過深化改革破解發展難題，在擴大開放中贏得發展機遇。

We will move ahead with price reform for resource products.We will continue to deepen reform of power prices and gradually improve the mechanism for determining rates for putting power on the grid, transmitting and distributing power, and selling power, and balance the prices of coal and power in a timely fashion.We will press ahead with reform of water prices, gradually increase the price of water for non-farming purposes supplied from water projects, and improve the system for collecting and managing water resource fees.We will accelerate the establishment of sound systems for paying for the use of mineral resources and for compensating for ecological damage, and actively carry out trade in pollution rights on a trial basis.推進資源性產品價格改革。繼續深化電價改革，逐步完善上網電價、輸配電價和銷售電價形成機制，適時理順煤電價格關系。積極推進水價改革，逐步提高水利工程供非農業用水價格，完善水資源費征收管理體制。加快建立健全礦產資源有償使用制度和生態補償機制，積極開展排污權交易試點。

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn 2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)We will carry forward reform of the fiscal and taxation systems.We will comprehensively institute VAT reforms.We will extend the urban construction and maintenance tax and education surcharges from Chinese to foreign enterprises and citizens.We will reform and improve the system of resource taxes.We will carry out reform of the taxation system for the real estate industry.We will continue to bring order to administrative fees and government-managed funds and further standardize their management.We will deepen reform of the budgetary system to better coordinate the budget for the government's public expenditures, budget for use of state capital, budget for government-managed funds, and budget for social security programs and vigorously promote greater openness in budgetary work.We will improve the transfer payment system.We will promote the reform to place county public finances directly under the management of provincial governments.推進財稅體制改革。全面實施增值稅轉型改革。統一內外資企業和個人城建稅、教育費附加等制度。改革完善資源稅制度。研究推進房地產稅制改革。繼續清理行政事業性收費和政府性基金，加強規范管理。深化預算制度改革，實現政府公共預算、國有資本經營預算、政府性基金預算和社會保障預算的有機銜接，積極推進預算公開。完善財政轉移支付制度。推進省直管縣財政管理方式改革。

We will carry forward reform of the financial system.We will deepen the reform of state-owned financial institutions, and steadily develop small and medium-sized financial enterprises under multiple forms of ownership and new types of rural financial institutions.We will actively encourage healthy development of informal financing.We will continue to carry out reform of capital markets, and stabilize stock markets.We will develop and standardize the bond market, and steadily develop the futures market.We will deepen reform of the insurance sector to make the most of its guarantee and financing functions.We will carry forward market-based reform of interest rates.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime, and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will strengthen the mechanism for coordinating oversight and supervision in the financial sector.推進金融體制改革。深化國有金融機構改革。穩步發展多種所有制中小金融企業和新型農村金融機構。積極引導民間融資健康發展。推進資本市場改革，維護股票市場穩定。發展和規范債券市場。穩步發展期貨市場。深化保險業改革，積極發揮保險保障和融資功能。推進利率市場化改革。完善人民幣匯率形成機制，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩定。健全金融監管協調機制。

We will carry forward reform of state-owned enterprises and support the development of the non-public sector of the economy.We will deepen the reform to introduce corporate and shareholding systems in large state-owned enterprises and establish a sound modern corporate structure.We will accelerate reform of the railway, power and salt industries, improve the administrative systems of the civil aviation and telecommunications industries, and formulate and introduce complementary policies for regulating reform of the telecommunications system.We will encourage, support and 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)guide the development of the non-public sector.We will implement all the policies for relaxing controls over market access and energetically support the involvement of private capital in SOE reform and its entry into such areas as infrastructure, public utilities, financial services and social programs.推進國有企業改革和支持非公有制經濟發展。深化國有大型企業公司制、股份制改革，建立健全現代企業制度。加快鐵路、電力、鹽業等行業改革。完善民航、電信管理體制，制定出臺電信體制改革配套監管政策。鼓勵、支持和引導非公有制經濟發展。落實放寬市場準入的各項政策，積極支持民間資本參與國有企業改革，進入基礎設施、公用事業、金融服務和社會事業等領域。

We will accelerate institutional reform in local governments and move forward with the reform of government-affiliated institutions.加快地方政府機構改革。推進事業單位改革。

We will strive to ensure steady growth in foreign trade.While stressing the importance of boosting domestic demand, we must not slacken efforts to promote export.In the face of the serious situation of a sharp decline in external demand and growing trade protectionism, we will straighten out and adjust our foreign trade policies and increase our support for import and export.We will continue to diversify our export markets and compete on quality, enhance traditional export markets, and energetically open up new markets.努力保持對外貿易穩定增長。我們強調擴大內需，絕不能放松出口。面對外部需求急劇萎縮、貿易保護主義抬頭的嚴峻形勢，要清理和調整外貿政策，加大對進出口工作的支持力度。堅持出口市場多元化和以質取勝戰略，鞏固傳統出口市場，大力開拓新興市場。

First, we will fully employ internationally accepted fiscal and taxation policies to support our export.We will increase the Foreign Trade Development Fund to an appropriate extent, focusing on cultivating brand-name export products and supporting small and medium-sized enterprises in expanding their international markets.一是充分運用國際通行的財稅政策支持出口；適度擴大外貿發展基金規模，重點支持中小企業開拓國際市場和培育出口品牌。

Second, we will improve our financial services for importing and exporting.We will expand the coverage of export credit insurance, and encourage financial institutions to develop export credit.We need to make innovations in financing guarantees for export enterprises.二是改善對進出口的金融服務。擴大出口信用保險覆蓋面；鼓勵金融機構發展出口信貸；創新出口企業融資擔保方式。

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)Third, we will steadily carry out upgrading of processing trade.We will improve the climate for developing it, and adjust the list of commodities whose processing is classified as prohibited or subject to restrictions.We will encourage the relocation of export processing industries to the central and western regions.三是穩步推進加工貿易轉型升級。改善加工貿易發展環境，調整加工貿易禁止類和限制類目錄；鼓勵出口加工業向中西部地區轉移。

Fourth, we will promptly improve policies and measures to encourage development of trade in services and energetically develop the outsourcing of international services to China.四是抓緊完善鼓勵服務貿易的政策措施；大力發展國際服務外包。

Fifth, we will strive to expand imports, focusing on introducing advanced technology and equipment and increasing imports of key spare parts and components, and important energy sources, resources and raw materials.五是努力擴大進口。重點引進先進技術裝備，增加關鍵零部件元器件、重要能源資源和原材料進口。

Sixth, we will improve the level of trade facilitation.We will improve supervision and service in customs, quality inspections and foreign exchange and intensify the development of border ports.六是提高貿易便利化水平。優化海關、質檢、外匯等方面監管和服務；加強邊境口岸建設。

Seventh, we will work for a favorable international environment for trade and economic cooperation.We will vigorously promote the Doha round of trade talks, accelerate implementation of the strategy of free trade zones, and properly handle trade frictions.七是營造良好的國際經貿環境。積極推動多哈回合談判；加快實施自由貿易區戰略；妥善應對貿易摩擦。

We will promote balanced development between foreign investment in China and Chinese investment overseas.We will keep the size of foreign investment in China steady and encourage more foreign investment in new-and high-tech industries, advanced manufacturing, energy-conservation and environmental protection industries, and modern service industries.We will further straighten out and standardize administrative fees for foreign-investment projects and the criteria for evaluating them.We will upgrade national development zones in the central and western regions and improve the opening of our border areas to the outside world.We will continue to implement the “go global” 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)strategy, support all kinds of competent Chinese enterprises in investing overseas and undertaking international mergers and acquisitions, and encourage large enterprises to play a leading role in implementing the “go global” strategy.We will vigorously promote the establishment of trade and economic cooperation zones, joint exploitation of resources, undertaking of contracted projects and labor service cooperation in other countries.We will increase financial support for enterprises engaged in overseas investment and economic cooperation, and expand channels for investment in other countries.We will expand the scope of the registration system for Chinese investment overseas, and strengthen risk control and supervision of enterprises' overseas investments.推動利用外資和對外投資協調發展。穩定利用外資規模，引導外資投向高新技術產業、先進制造業、節能環保產業和現代服務業。進一步清理和規范涉及外商投資的行政收費和檢查事項。提升中西部國家級開發區發展水平和沿邊開放水平。繼續實施“走出去”戰略。支持各類有條件的企業對外投資和開展跨國并購，充分發揮大型企業在“走出去”中的主力軍作用。積極推進境外經貿合作區建設。發展境外資源合作開發、工程承包和勞務合作。加強企業對外投資合作的金融支持，拓寬對外投資渠道。擴大境外投資備案登記制范圍。加強企業對外投資的風險控制和監管。

6.Energetically developing social programs and vigorously ensuring and improving the well-being of the people

（六）大力發展社會事業，著力保障和改善民生

This year we will concentrate on accomplishing major tasks that are urgently needed in economic and social development and directly related to the vital interests of the people to improve their well-being.今年要集中力量辦一些經濟社會發展急需、關系人民群眾切身利益的大事實事，讓人民群眾得到更多實惠。

We will do everything in our power to stimulate employment.We will make full use of the role of the service sector, labor-intensive industries, small and medium-sized enterprises, and the non-public sector of the economy in creating jobs.We will implement a more proactive employment policy, and the central government will allocate 42 billion yuan for this purpose.千方百計促進就業。充分發揮服務業、勞動密集型產業、中小企業、非公有制經濟在吸納就業中的作用。實施更加積極的就業政策，中央財政擬投入４２０億元資金。

First, we will give high priority to facilitating the employment of university graduates.Graduates who take jobs in public administration and public services at the community level in urban and rural areas will receive social security benefits and position subsidies.Those who either take jobs in villages or enlist in the army will receive tuition 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)reimbursement and have their student loans forgiven.We will encourage institutions of higher learning, research institutes and enterprises undertaking key research projects to recruit qualified university graduates to do research work.Enterprises recruiting such graduates will receive relevant employment policy support from the government.We will speed up the establishment of startup industrial parks and incubation bases that require less investment and yield quicker results where college graduates can start their own businesses.一是把促進高校畢業生就業放在突出位置。高校畢業生到城鄉基層社會管理和公共服務崗位就業，給予社會保險和崗位補貼；到農村基層服務和參軍入伍，給予學費補償和代償助學貸款。鼓勵承擔重點科研項目的高校、科研院所和企業吸納符合條件的畢業生從事科研工作。企業吸納符合條件的高校畢業生就業，可按規定享受相關就業扶持政策。加快建設一批投資少、見效快的大學生創業園或創業孵化基地。

Second, we will expand employment opportunities for rural migrant workers in cities while stabilizing their existing jobs.We will stimulate their employment through government investment and the launch of major projects.We will encourage and help enterprises that are in a difficult situation to prevent layoffs by renegotiating wage levels with their employees, adopting flexible employment and work hours, or providing job training for them.We will increase the export of organized labor services and guide the orderly flow of rural migrant workers.We will arrange for those that have returned to their home villages to take part in the construction of local public facilities.二是廣開農民工就業門路和穩定現有就業崗位。要發揮政府投資和重大項目建設帶動農民工就業的作用。鼓勵和支持困難企業與員工協商薪酬，采取靈活用工、彈性工時、技能培訓等辦法，盡量不裁員。加強有組織的勞務輸出，引導農民工有序流動。組織返鄉農民工參與農村公共設施建設。

Third, we will help urban residents experiencing difficulty finding work, members of zero-employment households and workers in disaster-stricken areas find jobs.We will create more public-service jobs.三是幫助城鎮就業困難人員、零就業家庭和災區勞動力就業。進一步開辟公益性就業崗位。

Fourth, we will vigorously support individuals in starting their own businesses or finding jobs on their own, thus expanding employment by creating new businesses.We will adopt facilitating and preferential policies concerning market access, taxation, financing and land use to encourage more workers to become entrepreneurs.We will further lower the barrier for individuals, including rural migrant workers who have returned to their home villages, to start their own businesses and lend them more support in this area.四是大力支持自主創業、自謀職業，促進以創業帶動就業。在市場準入、財稅金融、星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)經營用地等方面提供便利和優惠，鼓勵更多勞動者成為創業者。對自主創業、農民工返鄉創業要進一步降低門檻，給予更大支持。

Fifth, we will further improve public services for employment.We will improve the release of employment information and provide more effective career and employment guidance.We will vigorously develop vocational training.We will increase policy support for skills training for rural migrant workers and urban residents experiencing employment difficulty.五是進一步改善對就業的公共服務。加強就業信息發布、職業介紹和就業指導工作。大力開展職業培訓。加大對就業困難人員和農民工職業技能培訓的政策扶持。

We will move faster to improve the social safety net.加快完善社會保障體系。

First, we will press ahead with institutional development.We will improve the basic old-age insurance system, continue to carryout the pilot projects to fully fund personal accounts for old-age insurance, and comprehensively carry out planning at the provincial level.We will formulate and implement a method for old-age pensions for rural migrant workers.The pilot projects for establishing a new type of old-age insurance system for rural residents will cover approximately 10% of the counties and county-level cities in the country.We will introduce a method for transferring old-age pension accounts for workers moving from one region to another, and improve the systems of unemployment, workers' compensation, and maternity insurance.We will improve the urban and rural social assistance systems.一是推進制度建設。完善基本養老保險制度，繼續開展做實個人賬戶試點，全面推進省級統籌。制定實施農民工養老保險辦法。新型農村社會養老保險試點要覆蓋全國１０％左右的縣（市）。出臺養老保險關系轉移接續辦法。完善失業、工傷、生育保險制度。健全城鄉社會救助制度。

Second, we will expand coverage of social security programs, focusing on coverage for employees in the non-public sector, rural migrant workers, farmers whose land was expropriated, people with flexible employment arrangements and freelancers.All rural residents entitled to cost of living allowances will receive them.We will increase funding for the national social safety net through multiple channels.We will strengthen supervision of social security funds to ensure their safety.二是擴大社會保障覆蓋范圍。重點做好非公有制經濟從業人員、農民工、被征地農民、靈活就業人員和自由職業者參保工作。農村低保要做到應保盡保。多渠道增加全國社會保障基金。切實加強社會保障基金監管，保證基金安全。

Third, we will increase social security benefits.We will continue to raise the basic 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)old-age pensions for enterprise retirees by an annual average of about 10% per person for the next two years.We will continue to increase unemployment insurance benefits and workers' compensation.We will extend greater financial support to both urban and rural recipients of cost of living allowances and to childless and infirm rural residents who receive subsidies for food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses, and increase subsidies and living allowances to members of entitled groups.We will vigorously develop social welfare and charity programs.The central government plans to spend 293 billion yuan on the social safety net this year, up 17.6% or 43.9 billion yuan over the estimated figure for last year.Local governments will also increase funding in this area.三是提高社會保障待遇。今明兩年繼續提高企業退休人員基本養老金，人均每年增長１０％左右。繼續提高失業保險金和工傷保險金標準。進一步提高城鄉低保、農村五保等保障水平，提高優撫對象撫恤和生活補助標準。大力發展社會福利事業和慈善事業。中央財政擬投入社會保障資金２９３０億元，比上年預計數增加４３９億元，增長１７．６％。地方財政也要加大投入。

We will continue to give priority to developing education.This year we will formulate the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development to make comprehensive arrangements for education reform and development in China through 2020.This year, we need to focus on the following five areas.堅持優先發展教育事業。今年要研究制定國家中長期教育改革和發展規劃綱要，對２０２０年前我國教育改革發展作出全面部署。年內要重點抓好五個方面。

First, we will promote fairness in education.We will implement free compulsory education policies for both urban and rural areas well.We will increase public expenditures on rural compulsory education to 300 yuan per primary school student and 500 yuan per junior secondary school student.We will progressively ensure that children of rural migrant workers have access to free compulsory education in the places where their families have relocated.We will increase living allowances for rural students receiving compulsory education who come from poor families and stay in school dormitories.We will strive to basically clear the debts incurred in providing nine-year compulsory education in rural areas within three years.We will improve the national financial aid system for students and increase financial aid for secondary vocational school and university students from poor families to ensure that everyone enjoys equal opportunity to receive education and that no child is denied schooling due to financial difficulties.一是促進教育公平。落實好城鄉免費義務教育政策。提高農村義務教育公用經費標準，把小學、初中學生人均公用經費分別提高到３００元和５００元。逐步解決農民工子女在輸入地免費接受義務教育問題。增加農村義務教育階段家庭經濟困難寄宿生的生活補助。爭取三年內基本解決農村“普九”債務問題。完善國家助學制度，加大對中等職業學校和高等院校星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)家庭經濟困難學生的資助，確保人人享有平等的受教育機會，不讓一個孩子因家庭經濟困難而失學。

Second, we will optimize the education structure.We will energetically develop vocational education, with the focus on supporting rural secondary vocational education.We will gradually make secondary vocational education free, beginning this year with rural students from poor families and students studying agriculture-related subjects.We will continue to improve the quality of higher education, develop high-quality universities and key disciplines, and guide institutions of higher learning to adapt their specialties, curriculums and courses to meet the needs of the market and China's economic and social development.二是優化教育結構。大力發展職業教育，特別要重點支持農村中等職業教育。逐步實行中等職業教育免費，今年先從農村家庭經濟困難學生和涉農專業做起。繼續提高高等教育質量，推進高水平大學和重點學科建設，引導高等學校調整專業和課程設置，適應市場和經濟社會發展需求。

Third, we will improve the quality of teachers.We will apply a performance-based salary system for teachers in compulsory education and raise salaries for the 12 million primary and secondary school teachers.The central government will spend 12 billion yuan and local governments will also increase funding for this purpose.We will step up training for all teachers, especially rural teachers, and encourage graduates from teachers colleges and other colleges and universities to teach at community and village schools.三是加強教師隊伍建設。對義務教育階段教師實行績效工資制度，提高１２００萬中小學教師待遇，中央財政為此將投入１２０億元，地方財政也要增加投入。全面加強教師特別是農村教師培訓，鼓勵大學生、師范生到基層、農村任教。

Fourth, we will advance well-rounded education.Education of all types and at all levels must focus on promoting all-round development of students.Reform of curriculums, textbooks, teaching methods and examination and evaluation systems should be accelerated to relieve primary and secondary school students of their excessive study load so that they will have more time to think, practice and create.四是推進素質教育。各級各類教育都要著眼于促進人的全面發展，加快課程、教材、教育方法和考試評價制度改革，把中小學生從過重的課業負擔中解放出來，讓學生有更多的時間思考、實踐、創造。

Fifth, we will implement a program to ensure that all primary and secondary school buildings are safe and promote standardization in the construction of rural primary and secondary schools.We will make school buildings places that are the safest and provide the greatest assurance to parents.五是實施全國中小學校舍安全工程，推進農村中小學標準化建設。要把學校建成最安星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)全、家長最放心的地方。

We will carry forward pharmaceutical and health care reform and development.We will ensure that public medical and health care services serve the public good and fully arouse the initiative of health workers.We will work hard to establish a nationwide basic medical and health care system for both urban and rural areas to begin providing universal coverage.We will focus on the following five areas starting from this year.推進醫藥衛生事業改革發展。要堅持公共醫療衛生的公益性質，充分調動廣大醫務人員的積極性。努力建成覆蓋全國城鄉的基本醫療衛生制度，初步實現人人享有基本醫療衛生服務。從今年開始，重點抓好以下五項工作。

First, we will develop a system that ensures basic medical care.Urban residents will be covered by basic medical insurance for urban workers or basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents, and rural residents will be covered by the new type of rural cooperative medical care system.We will ensure that these programs cover over 90% of those eligible within three years.The central government will provide appropriate subsidies for retirees from closed or bankrupt state-owned enterprises in financially strained regions to get such insurance.We will continue to raise the standard for financing and increase government subsidies for basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system, appropriately expand the scope of reimbursement and raise the proportion of costs reimbursed.We will improve urban and rural medical assistance programs and improve the level of assistance.一是推進基本醫療保障制度建設。將全國城鄉居民分別納入城鎮職工基本醫療保險、城鎮居民基本醫療保險和新型農村合作醫療制度覆蓋范圍，三年內參保率均提高到９０％以上。中央財政對困難地區關閉破產國有企業退休人員參保給予適當補助。繼續提高城鎮居民醫保和新農合籌資標準和財政補助標準，適當擴大報銷范圍，提高報銷比例。完善城鄉醫療救助制度，提高救助水平。

Second, we will establish a national system for basic drugs.This year, we will formulate and promulgate a unified national basic drugs catalog and adopt policies concerning their production, distribution, pricing, use and insurance reimbursement in order to ease the burden on patients for the cost of basic drugs.二是建立國家基本藥物制度。今年要統一制定和發布國家基本藥物目錄，出臺基本藥物生產、流通、定價、使用和醫保報銷政策，減輕群眾看病就醫基本用藥費用負擔。

Third, we will improve the community-level medical and health service system.This year, we will complete the building of 29,000health clinics in towns and townships supported by the plan.In the coming three years, the central government will allocate funds to support the building of another 5,000 central health clinics in towns and townships, 2,000 county-level hospitals and 2,400 community health service centers in urban areas.We will support the construction of health care clinics in villages in remote 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)regions and ensure that all incorporated villages have their own health care clinics.三是健全基層醫療衛生服務體系。今年要全面完成規劃支持的２．９萬所鄉鎮衛生院建設任務。今后三年內中央財政再支持５０００所中心鄉鎮衛生院、２０００所縣級醫院和２４００所城市社區衛生服務中心建設。支持邊遠地區村衛生室建設，實現全國每個行政村都有衛生室。

Fourth, we will steadily promote equal access for all to basic public health services.We will expand the scope of free public health services and ensure that the per capita public health service expenditure for both urban and rural residents is not less than 15 yuan, a level that will rise gradually in the future.We will appropriate more funds to prevent and control major communicable diseases, chronic and occupational diseases, and endemics.四是促進基本公共衛生服務逐步均等化。擴大免費公共衛生服務范圍，城鄉居民人均公共衛生服務經費不低于１５元，以后逐步提高。增加重大傳染病、慢性病和職業病、地方病防治的專項投入。

Fifth, we will carry forward pilot reforms in public hospitals with the emphasis on reforms in their management system and their operation and oversight mechanisms.We will encourage every locality to seek effective ways to separate government administration from medical practice, management from operations, medical care from drugs, and for-profit from nonprofit operations.We will gradually eliminate the practice of hospitals subsidizing their medical services with drug sales and reform the mechanism of subsidizing public hospitals.We will encourage all localities to seek ways to establish a medical service pricing mechanism based on consultations among stakeholders and establish a system whereby relevant institutions, representatives of the general public, and experts oversee and evaluate the quality of medical services.We will give full play to traditional Chinese medicine and folk medicines of ethnic minorities in disease prevention and control.Governments at all levels will allocate an additional 850 billion yuan in the next three years, including 331.8 billion yuan from the central government, to ensure smooth progress in the reform of the system of pharmaceuticals and health care.Because this reform concerns the people's health-related rights and interests, we need to improve leadership, make plans and arrangements carefully, progress vigorously yet prudently, and effectively solve the problem of medical services being unaffordable and inadequate, in order to provide safe, effective, convenient and affordable medical and health care services for the people.五是推進公立醫院改革試點。重點改革管理體制、運行機制和監管機制。鼓勵各地探索政事分開、管辦分開、醫藥分開、營利性和非營利性分開的有效形式。逐步取消以藥補醫機制，推進公立醫院補償機制改革。鼓勵各地探索建立醫療服務由利益相關方參與協商的定價機制，建立由有關機構、群眾代表和專家參與的質量監管和評價制度。要充分發揮中醫藥和民族醫藥在防病治病中的重要作用。今后三年各級政府擬投入８５００億元，其中中央財政投入３３１８億元，以保證醫藥衛生體制改革的順利推進。醫藥衛生體制改革事關人民群星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)眾的健康權益，我們要加強領導、精心設計、認真組織，積極穩妥地推進，切實解決看病貴、看病難問題，為人民群眾提供安全、有效、方便、價廉的醫療衛生服務。

We will do our work related to population and family planning well and maintain a low birthrate.From this year on, we will introduce a policy in all rural areas to subsidize hospitalized childbirth, provide regular prenatal checkups and postpartum visits for women, and monitor the growth of infants and toddlers less than three years of age.We will intensify our efforts to prevent birth defects.We will increase the reward to rural women at or above the age of 60 who have complied with family planning regulations from 600 yuan to 720 yuan per person.We will improve services for and intensify management of the floating population and better protect the rights and interests of women and minors.We will provide routine gynecological examinations for rural women.We will support and accelerate programs benefiting people with disabilities.We will continue to intensify our work concerning the elderly.做好人口和計劃生育工作，穩定低生育水平。從今年開始，在全國農村實行住院分娩補助政策，定期為孕產婦做產前檢查和產后訪視，為３歲以下嬰幼兒做生長發育檢查。加強出生缺陷預防工作。將農村部分計劃生育家庭獎勵扶助標準由人均６００元提高到７２０元。加強流動人口服務和管理。保護婦女和未成年人權益。在農村婦女中開展婦科疾病定期檢查。支持殘疾人事業加快發展。繼續加強老齡工作。

We will vigorously develop culture and sports.Developing cultural programs and promoting cultural enrichment will help not only enrich people's cultural lives but also expand avenues of consumption.We need to vigorously develop non-profit cultural programs and accelerate improvement of the system of public cultural services.We will intensify construction of key cultural facilities as well as community-based cultural facilities in both urban and rural areas, particularly the project to extend radio and TV coverage to all villages, and the construction of multipurpose cultural centers in towns and townships and small libraries in rural areas, and we will vigorously promote cultural projects that benefit the people.We will help accelerate the development of cultural industries, improve policy support for them and foster leading cultural enterprises.We will help philosophy and the social sciences flourish, and actively develop literature, the arts, radio, TV, film, the press and publishing.We will strengthen development and management of Internet culture and effectively protect our cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage.We will reform management and operation of nonprofit cultural institutions and transform for-profit cultural agencies into enterprises.We will build more and better community-based public sports facilities, vigorously promote mass sports activities, raise the level of competitive sports and develop the sports industry.大力發展文化體育事業。促進文化發展和繁榮，既有利于豐富人們的精神文化生活，也可以拓展消費領域。積極發展公益性文化事業，加快完善公共文化服務體系，加強重點文化設施、城鄉基層文化設施特別是廣播電視“村村通”和鄉鎮綜合文化站、農家書屋建設，努力推進文化惠民工程。支持文化產業加快發展，完善扶持政策，培育骨干文化企業。繁榮哲學社會科學，積極發展文學藝術、廣播影視、新聞出版事業。加強網絡文化建設和管理。做星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)好文物和非物質文化遺產保護。推進公益性文化事業單位管理體制、運行機制改革和經營性文化單位轉企改制。加強基層公共體育設施建設，大力開展群眾性體育活動，提高競技體育水平，發展體育產業。

We will strengthen the development of democracy and the legal system.We will carry out political restructuring in an active yet prudent manner and develop socialist democratic politics.We need to improve democratic institutions, enrich the forms of democracy, expand its channels, and carry out democratic elections, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law.We will improve the mechanisms of self-governance by the people at the community level and expand the scope of community-level self-governance, improve the system for community-level democratic administration and ensure that the people directly exercise their democratic rights and administer community-level public affairs and public programs in accordance with the law.We will increase publicity of and education in the law, intensify education about citizenship, and promote the values of socialist democracy, the rule of law, freedom, equality, equity and justice.We will coordinate development of urban and rural communities and promote the healthy growth of civic organizations.We will strengthen government work concerning the law, increase transparency in government legislation, expand public participation therein, and ensure that the law is enforced in a standardized, fair and civilized manner.加強民主法制建設。積極穩妥地推進政治體制改革，發展社會主義民主政治。要健全民主制度，豐富民主形式，拓寬民主渠道，依法實行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監督。要健全基層群眾自治機制，擴大基層群眾自治范圍，完善基層民主管理制度，保障人民群眾依法直接行使民主權利、管理基層公共事務和公共事業。深入開展法制宣傳教育，加強公民意識教育，樹立社會主義民主法治、自由平等、公平正義理念。統籌推進城鄉社區建設，促進社會組織健康發展。加強政府法制工作，提高政府立法透明度和公眾參與度，做到規范、公正、文明執法。

We will strengthen public administration and maintain harmony and stability in society.We need to pay special attention to safeguarding people's legitimate rights and interests, correctly handle problems among the people, properly deal with their complaints in a timely manner, and resolutely correct all actions that harm their interests.We will improve the mechanism for mediating, handling and resolving social tensions and guide the people in expressing their concerns relating to their interests by reasonable and lawful means.We will adhere to the system whereby leading cadres, especially principal ones, handle people's letters and receive people's visits in order to serve the people and resolve conflicts.We will improve the early-warning system for social stability to actively prevent and properly handle all types of mass incidents.We will launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security and maintain law and order through a full range of measures.We will be on high alert for and severely crack down on criminal offenses in accordance with the law in order to safeguard national security and social stability.加強社會管理，維護社會和諧安定。要特別重視維護群眾合法權益，正確處理人民內星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)部矛盾，及時合理解決群眾反映的問題，堅決糾正各種損害群眾利益的行為。健全社會矛盾糾紛調處化解機制，引導群眾以理性合法的方式表達利益訴求。堅持領導干部特別是主要領導干部處理群眾來信和接待群眾來訪制度，服務群眾，化解矛盾。健全社會穩定預警機制，積極預防和妥善處置各類群體性事件。深入開展平安創建活動，加強社會治安綜合治理。嚴密防范、依法嚴厲打擊各類違法犯罪活動，維護國家安全和社會穩定。

7.Intensifying government self-improvement and making the government better able to manage overall economic and social development

（七）推進政府自身建設，提高駕馭經濟社會發展全局的能力

Achievements were made in reforming the government and intensifying its self-improvement over the past year, but they still fall considerably short of what the people expect.The functions of government have not yet been completely transformed.Administrative efficiency needs to rise.Formalism and bureaucratism are still pronounced.Corruption remains a serious problem in some localities, departments and areas.Tremendous effort is needed to solve all these problems.We need to focus on the overall objectives of sustaining economic growth, ensuring people's well-being and maintaining stability, and intensify the work of government self-improvement.過去一年，政府自身改革和建設取得了新的成績，但與人民的期待仍有不小差距。政府職能轉變還不到位，行政效率有待提高，形式主義、官僚主義比較突出，腐敗現象在一些地方、部門和領域比較嚴重。這些問題必須下大氣力解決。要緊緊圍繞保增長、保民生、保穩定這個大局，加強政府自身建設。

We will continue to run the government in accordance with the law.We will standardize government administration, ensure that our administration is based on law and reason, executed through proper procedures, highly efficient, convenient for the public, honest and trustworthy, and that authority and responsibility are united.We will thoroughly implement the Administrative Permit Law, continue to carry out reform of the administrative examination and approval system, reduce the number of items it covers, especially investment examination and approval and project approval, and ensure that enterprises make their own investment decisions.We will promote fair competition, break regional blockades and industry monopolies, and organize and mobilize all social resources to promote economic growth.By ensuring that all government departments fully and properly execute their functions, we will create a favorable environment for development, and increase enterprises' confidence in investment, individuals' confidence in consumption and people's confidence in the development of the country.堅持依法行政。規范行政行為，做到合法行政、合理行政、程序正當、高效便民、誠實守信、權責統一。深入貫徹行政許可法，繼續推進行政審批制度改革，減少行政許可和審批事項，特別要減少投資審批、項目核準，落實企業的投資主體地位。促進公平競爭，消除地區封鎖，打破行業壟斷，組織調動各種社會資源，促進經濟增長。通過全面正確履行政府職能，創造良好發展環境，增強企業投資的信心，增強社會消費的信心，增強人民群眾對國星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)家發展的信心。

We will make decisions scientifically and democratically.In all decisions we make, the procedures need to be lawful and standardized, the process democratic and open, and the results scientific and equitable.In formulating and implementing major government policies and decisions, we need to conduct thorough research and studies, heed people's concerns, solicit their opinions, pool their wisdom, act in accordance with objective laws, and make our policies and decisions more foresighted, scientific and effective.We need to make government affairs more open and transparent.We will ensure the people's right to stay informed about, to participate in, to express views on, and to oversee government affairs, and keep them informed as to what the government is thinking and doing so that we can win their thorough understanding, wide support and active participation.The government is investing a large sum of money and launching numerous new projects this year, and we will ensure they receive proper oversight.We will prohibit image projects that waste both human and financial resources and vanity projects that are divorced from reality, and will never allow any organization or individual to exploit the surge in public spending for private gain.Governments at all levels must conscientiously subject themselves to the oversight by the people's congresses and the democratic oversight by the CPPCC committees at their corresponding levels.We will tighten professional oversight by supervision and auditing departments, and attach great importance to oversight by the public and the news media.We will strive to make sure that oversight takes place wherever administrative power is exercised and that government funds will be audited wherever they are used.實行科學民主決策。各項決策都要做到程序依法規范、過程民主公開、結果科學公正。政府重大決策的形成和執行都要加強調查研究，做到察民情、聽民意、聚民智，尊重客觀規律，提高決策的預見性、科學性和有效性。要推進政務公開，增加透明度，保障人民群眾的知情權、參與權、表達權、監督權，讓人民群眾知道政府在想什么、做什么，贏得人民群眾的充分理解、廣泛支持和積極參與。今年政府投資力度大、新上項目多，要確保監管到位，絕不能搞勞民傷財的“形象工程”和脫離實際的“政績工程”，絕不允許利用擴大公共投資為單位和個人謀取私利。各級政府都要自覺接受人大監督和政協民主監督，強化監察、審計等專門監督，高度重視人民群眾監督和新聞輿論監督，做到行政權力運行到哪里，監督就落實到哪里，財政資金運用到哪里，審計就跟進到哪里。

We will earnestly improve our conduct.Governments at all levels need to resolutely implement the policy decisions and arrangements of the central leadership, stay firmly grounded in reality, and work creatively to ensure all policies are carried out fully and effectively.Leading cadres need to conduct thorough research and studies to promptly discover and resolve problems, maintain close contact with the people, show concern for their sufferings, listen to their opinions, and help them solve their problems.Government employees need to always maintain high morale, embody a vigorous spirit and work with the people to meet challenges head on, break new ground through hard work and tide over bad times together.星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)切實轉變工作作風。各級政府要堅定地貫徹中央的決策部署，緊密結合實際，創造性地開展工作，使中央的各項政策落到實處，收到實效。領導干部要深入調查研究，及時發現問題，解決問題；密切聯系群眾，關心群眾疾苦，傾聽群眾呼聲，為群眾排憂解難。政府工作人員要始終保持昂揚向上、奮發有為的精神狀態，和廣大人民群眾一道知難而進，開拓進取，艱苦奮斗，共克時艱。

We will strengthen our efforts to promote clean government and combat corruption.We will focus on standardizing institutions and limiting the exercise of power, and prevent and punish corruption at its source in areas and links prone to corruption.We will resolutely investigate and prosecute corruption cases and punish corruptionists in accordance with the law.We must discharge our duties with great diligence and, through our actions and achievements, build a government that is for the people and is pragmatic, clean and efficient to satisfy people's needs and win their trust.加強廉政建設和反腐敗工作。以規范制度和制約權力為核心，針對腐敗現象易發多發的領域和環節，從源頭上防治腐敗。堅決查處腐敗案件，依法懲處腐敗分子。我們一定要勤勉盡責，以實際行動和工作業績，建設為民、務實、廉潔、高效的政府，讓人民放心，讓人民滿意。

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

Promoting unity among all ethnic groups and achieving common development and prosperity serves the fundamental interests of the people of all our ethnic groups.We will fully implement the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy and ensure that the policies and measures of the central government supporting economic and social development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas are effectively implemented.We will continue to increase support to ethnic groups with small populations.We will expand coverage of the “bring prosperity to border areas and residents” campaign to all border counties and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps' regimental pastures and farms in border areas.We will support more rapid development of pastoral areas and ethnic minority mountain regions.We will unswervingly uphold national unity and further develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony.促進各民族共同團結奮斗、共同繁榮發展，是各族人民的根本利益所在。要全面貫徹民族區域自治法，確保中央支持少數民族和民族地區經濟社會發展的政策措施落到實處。繼續加大對人口較少民族的扶持力度。推進興邊富民行動覆蓋所有邊境縣和新疆生產建設兵團邊境團場。支持牧區和少數民族聚居山區加快發展。堅定不移地維護民族團結，進一步構建平等、團結、互助、和諧的社會主義民族關系。

We will fully implement the Party's basic principles on work related to religions and enable religious figures and people with religious belief to play a positive role in promoting economic and social development.星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)

全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，發揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進經濟社會發展中的積極作用。

We will diligently implement the Party's policy on matters related to overseas Chinese nationals and support overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese and their relatives in showing concern for and participating in the modernization and peaceful reunification of the motherland.認真貫徹黨的僑務政策，支持海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷關心和參與祖國現代化建設與和平統一大業。

Last year significant progress was made in the modernization of national defense and the army.The People's Liberation Army played an important role in safeguarding China's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, supporting its modernization drive, and completing urgent, difficult, dangerous and daunting tasks.In the coming year, we need to make our army more revolutionary, modern and standardized, focusing on enabling it to fully carry out its historic missions in the new stage and in the new century.We will strengthen ideological and political work in the army.We will effectively transform our military training based on mechanized warfare to military training for warfare under conditions of greater IT application, and continue to enhance the army's ability to respond to multiple security threats and accomplish a diverse array of military tasks.We will modernize weapons, equipment and logistics support across the board.We will improve defense-related research, the weapons and equipment production system, the military personnel training system, and the army's logistics support system that integrate civilian with military purposes and combine military efforts with civilian support.We will actively and steadily carry out reform of the army to inject more vigor and vitality into army building.We will intensify the improvement of the People's Armed Police Force to make it better able to carry out its duties, respond to emergencies, combat terrorism and safeguard stability.We will strengthen defense mobilization and reserve forces.We will strengthen and develop unity between the army and the government and between the army and the people.過去的一年，國防和軍隊現代化建設取得重要進展。人民解放軍為維護國家主權、安全和領土完整，支持國家現代化建設，完成急難險重任務，發揮了重要作用。在新的一年，要著眼全面履行新世紀新階段軍隊歷史使命，推進軍隊革命化、現代化、正規化建設。大力加強軍隊思想政治工作。扎實推進機械化條件下軍事訓練向信息化條件下軍事訓練轉變，不斷提高應對多種安全威脅、完成多樣化軍事任務的能力。全面提高武器裝備和后勤保障的現代化水平。完善軍民結合、寓軍于民的國防科研和武器裝備生產體系、軍隊人才培養體系和軍隊保障體系。積極穩妥地推進軍隊改革，增強軍隊建設的生機與活力。加強人民武裝警察部隊建設，增強執勤、處置突發事件、反恐、維穩能力。加強國防動員和后備力量建設。鞏固發展軍政軍民團結。

Fellow Deputies，星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)各位代表！

We will unswervingly adhere to the principle of “one country, two systems” under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and fully support the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions in actively responding to the global financial crisis and maintaining their prosperity and stability.We will increase cooperation between the mainland and the two regions, consolidate Hong Kong's position as an international financial center and promote an appropriate level of diversity in Macao's economy.We will accelerate the pilot program for the mainland, Hong Kong and Macao to use RMB as the settlement currency for trade in goods.We will constantly deepen and expand cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao.We will accelerate construction of infrastructure such as the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the Hong Kong-Shenzhen Airport Rail Link and the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link.We will give Hong Kong and Macao greater access to the mainland's service sector.We will adopt effective measures to support development of Hong Kong-and Macao-funded enterprises on the mainland, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises, and help ease their difficulties.The great motherland will always provide strong backing to Hong Kong and Macao.We firmly believe that our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao will surmount their current difficulties and create an even brighter future.我們將堅定不移地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，全力支持香港、澳門兩個特別行政區積極應對國際金融危機，保持繁榮穩定。進一步加強內地與港澳的合作，鞏固香港國際金融中心地位，促進澳門經濟適度多元發展。加快推進與港澳地區貨物貿易的人民幣結算試點。不斷拓展粵港澳三地合作的深度和廣度。加快推動港珠澳大橋、港深機場鐵路、廣深港高速鐵路等基礎設施建設。擴大內地服務業對港澳的開放。采取有效措施支持港澳在內地企業特別是中小企業發展，緩解經營困難。偉大祖國永遠是香港、澳門的堅強后盾。我們堅信，香港、澳門同胞一定能夠克服面臨的困難，開創更加美好的明天！

Last year important progress was made in our Taiwan-related work.Positive changes occurred in the situation in Taiwan, and major breakthroughs were made in cross-Straits relations.Consultations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits were resumed on the basis of the 1992 Consensus, and complete, direct and two-way mail, transport and trade links were established.The two sides enjoyed more frequent people-to-people exchanges, closer economic ties, more active cultural exchanges and broader common interests.Cross-Straits relations have embarked on the track of peaceful development.In the coming year, we will continue to adhere to the principle of developing cross-Straits relations and promoting peaceful reunification of the motherland.We will remain committed to the goal of peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, and work actively to build a framework for and strive to achieve new progress in the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.We will continue to comprehensively strengthen cross-Straits economic cooperation to jointly respond to the global financial crisis.We will actively promote financial cooperation across the Straits, support the development of 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)Taiwan-funded enterprises on the mainland, provide financing services for qualified ones, and encourage their independent innovation, transformation and upgrading.We will strengthen two-way investment and industrial cooperation and expand and deepen agricultural cooperation between the two sides.We will support economic development on the west coast of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.We will accelerate normalization of cross-Straits economic relations and facilitate the signing of a comprehensive agreement on economic cooperation, and gradually establish economic cooperation mechanisms tailored to both sides of the Straits.We will increase contacts between individuals, expand exchanges among all sectors of society, vigorously promote Chinese culture and consolidate the common cultural bonds between the two sides.We will work on the basis of the one-China principle to enhance mutual political trust between the two sides.Based on this, we are ready to make fair and reasonable arrangements through consultation on the issue of Taiwan's participation in the activities of international organizations.We are also ready to hold talks on cross-Straits political and military issues and create conditions for ending the state of hostility and concluding a peace agreement between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.We are convinced that, with the concerted efforts of the people on both sides of the Straits, we will achieve complete reunification of the motherland and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.過去的一年，對臺工作取得重要進展，臺灣局勢發生積極變化，兩岸關系取得重大突破。兩岸協商在“九二共識”基礎上得到恢復，全面直接雙向“三通”已經實現。兩岸同胞往來更頻繁、經濟聯系更密切、文化交流更活躍、共同利益更廣泛，兩岸關系開始步入和平發展軌道。新的一年里，我們要繼續堅持發展兩岸關系、促進祖國和平統一的大政方針，牢牢把握兩岸關系和平發展的主題，積極構建兩岸關系和平發展框架，努力開創兩岸關系和平發展新局面。我們要繼續全面加強兩岸經濟合作，共同應對金融危機。積極推進兩岸金融合作，支持在大陸的臺資企業發展，對符合條件的提供融資服務，鼓勵企業自主創新和轉型升級。加強兩岸雙向投資和產業合作，拓展和深化農業合作。支持海峽西岸和其他臺商投資相對集中地區的經濟發展。加快推進兩岸經濟關系正常化，推動簽定綜合性經濟合作協議，逐步建立具有兩岸特色的經濟合作機制。要加強兩岸人員往來，擴大社會各界交流，大力弘揚中華文化，鞏固兩岸精神紐帶。要在一個中國原則的基礎上，努力增強兩岸雙方政治互信。在此基礎上，我們愿意通過協商對臺灣參與國際組織活動問題作出合情合理安排，探討兩岸政治、軍事問題，為結束敵對狀態、達成和平協議創造條件。我們堅信，有兩岸中華兒女團結奮斗，就一定能夠實現祖國的完全統一，實現中華民族的偉大復興！

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

Significant achievements were made in our diplomatic work last year.We joined hands with the international community in tackling the global financial crisis.We successfully hosted the Asia-Europe Meeting and enhanced mutual political trust and pragmatic cooperation between Asian and European countries.We actively advanced bilateral and multilateral diplomacy, and played a constructive role in global and regional hotspot issues.We stood firm in safeguarding China's sovereignty, security and development interests and in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese 星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

2009年政府工作報告(中英文對照)星沙英語(www.tmdps.cn)nationals and corporations overseas.Further significant progress was made in carrying out all-round diplomacy, and China's international standing and influence rose to a new height.In the coming year, we will continue to hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation, adhere to the path of peaceful development and an independent foreign policy of peace, and pursue an open strategy of mutual benefit.We will increase friendly contacts with other countries in the world to create a favorable external environment for the steady and rapid development of China's economy.We will continue to deepen pragmatic cooperation with other parties, work with them to curb the spread of the global financial crisis, promote reform of the international financial system, and oppose trade and investment protectionism, in order to help bring about an early recovery of the world economy.We will continue to take the fundamental interests of the people of China and the world as our starting point and make new contributions to the proper resolution of hotspot issues and global problems.The Chinese government and people stand ready to work with the governments and peoples of other countries to jointly respond to risks and challenges, share development opportunities, and build a harmonious world of durable peace and common prosperity.過去的一年，外交工作取得顯著成就。我們與國際社會攜手應對金融危機。成功舉辦亞歐首腦會議，增進亞歐國家間的政治互信與務實合作。積極推進雙邊、多邊外交，在全球和地區熱點問題上發揮建設性作用。堅定維護國家的主權、安全和發展利益，保障我國公民和法人在海外的合法權益。全方位外交取得新的重大進展，國際地位和影響空前提高。新的一年，我們將繼續高舉和平、發展、合作的旗幟，堅持走和平發展道路，堅持奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策，堅持推進互利共贏的開放戰略。加強與世界各國的友好交往，為國內經濟平穩較快發展創造有利的外部環境。我們將繼續深化與各方的務實合作，共同遏制國際金融危機蔓延，推動國際金融體系改革，反對貿易和投資保護主義，促進世界經濟盡快復蘇。我們將繼續從中國人民和世界各國人民的根本利益出發，為妥善解決熱點問題和全球性問題作出新的貢獻。中國政府和人民愿同各國政府和人民一道，共同應對風險挑戰，共同分享發展機遇，努力建設持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

The tasks we face are arduous and formidable, and the responsibilities we bear are great and glorious.Under the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, let us strengthen our conviction for victory, boldly meet challenges, work in a down-to-earth manner and press ahead resolutely to make new achievements worthy of the times, history and the people, carry forward the great cause of reform, opening up and modernization and celebrate the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.我們面臨的任務艱巨而繁重，我們肩負的責任重大而光榮。讓我們在以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央領導下，堅定必勝信心，勇敢面對挑戰，扎實工作，銳意進取，創造無愧于時代、無愧于歷史、無愧于人民的新業績，奮力把改革開放和現代化建設偉大事業推向前進，迎接中華人民共和國成立６０周年！

星沙英語 www.tmdps.cn

第五篇：2018政府工作報告精簡版中英對照

3月5日，李克強總理作政府工作報告，要點如下： 一、五年成就

主要做了9方面工作。辦成了不少大事：

國內生產總值從54萬億元增加到82.7萬億元。城鎮新增就業6600萬人以上。基本醫療保險覆蓋13.5億人。貧困人口減少6800多萬。

重點城市重污染天數減少一半。基本完成裁減軍隊員額30萬任務。

高鐵網絡、電子商務、移動支付、共享經濟等引領世界潮流。

還要保持清醒：部分地區經濟下行壓力較大。在住房、教育、醫療等方面群眾還有不少不滿意的地方。形式主義、官僚主義不同程度存在。

二、今年目標

國內生產總值增長6.5%左右。居民消費價格漲幅3%左右。

城鎮新增就業1100萬人以上，城鎮調查失業率5.5%以內。單位國內生產總值能耗下降3%以上。居民收入增長和經濟增長基本同步。

三、今年重點工作

收入：提高個人所得稅起征點。

教育：切實降低農村學生輟學率，著力解決中小學生課外負擔重問題。

醫療：居民基本醫保人均財政補助標準再增加40元。擴大跨省異地就醫直接結算范圍。

去產能：再壓減鋼鐵產能3000萬噸左右，退出煤炭產能1.5億噸左右。降成本：再為企業和個人減稅8000多億元。創新：加強新一代人工智能研發應用。加強霧霾治理、癌癥等重大疾病防治攻關。財稅：健全地方稅體系，穩妥推進房地產稅立法。推進中央與地方財政事權和支出責任劃分改革。三大攻堅戰：

嚴厲打擊非法集資、金融詐騙等違法活動。防范化解地方政府債務風險。今年再減少農村貧困人口1000萬以上。

二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要下降3%。嚴禁“洋垃圾”入境。嚴控填海造地。鄉村振興：探索宅基地所有權、資格權、使用權分置改革。新建改建農村公路20萬公里。消費：新能源汽車車輛購置稅優惠政策再延長三年。降低重點國有景區門票價格。投資：完成鐵路投資7320億元、公路水運投資1.8萬億元左右。

開放：放寬或取消銀行、證券、基金管理、期貨、金融資產管理公司等外資股比限制。探索建設自由貿易港。

Highlights of Chinese Premier’s annual gov’t work report

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered a government work report to the first session of the 13th National People's Congress, China's national legislature, Monday morning at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.1.Achievements over the past five years--China’s GDP has risen from 54 trillion RMB to 82.7 trillion RMB.--China has created over 66 million new jobs in urban areas.--Basic medical insurance covers 1.35 billion people.--More than 68 million people have been lifted out of poverty.--The number of days of heavy air pollution in key cities has fallen 50 percent.--China has basically completed the task of cutting troop numbers by 300,000.--China has been leading the world in high-speed rails, e-commerce, cashless payment and sharing economy.Problems remained to be solved: regional economic downward pressure;public dissatisfaction in education, housing, and medical services;bureaucratism and formalism still exist to varying degrees.2.Major targets for 2018

--GDP growth of around 6.5 percent--CPI increase of around 3 percent--Over 11 million new urban jobs, the surveyed urban unemployment rate within 5.5 percent--Basic parity in personal income growth and economic growth--A drop of at least 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP 3.2018’s priorities

Income: to raise the personal income tax threshold.Education: China will significantly reduce the rural dropout rate, and give attention to addressing the problem of heavy extracurricular burdens on primary and secondary school students.Health care: Per capita government subsidies for basic health insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be increased by 40 yuan.China will expand the coverage of interprovincial on-the-spot settlement of medical bills through basic insurance accounts.Overcapacity cut: to further cut steel production capacity by around 30 million metric tons and coal production capacity by approximately 150 million metric tons in 2018.Tax reduction: To reduce taxes on businesses and individuals by more than 800 billion yuan(about 126 billion U.S.dollars).Innovation: To strengthen research in artificial intelligence, air pollution management and cancer prevention.Finance and taxation: To improve local governments' tax systems and prudently advance legislation on real estate tax.4.'Three critical battles': forestalling and defusing major risks, targeted poverty alleviation and addressing pollution China will crack down on activities that violate the law like illegal fundraising and financial fraud, as well as forestall and defuse local government debt risk.China will further reduce the poor rural population by over 10 million.China will cut sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions by 3 percent, completely prohibit garbage from being bought into China as well as impose strict control over coastal area reclamation.Rural revitalization: China will experiment with separating the ownership rights, qualification rights and use rights for rural land designated for house.China will build or upgrade 200,000 kilometers of rural roads.Consumption: China will extend preferential policies on purchase tax on new-energy vehicles by another three years.China will lower ticket prices at key state tourist sites.Investment: This year China will see 732 billion yuan invested in railway construction and around 1.8 trillion yuan invested in highway and waterway projects.More opening up: China will ease or lift restrictions on the shares of foreign-owned equity in companies in sectors including banking, securities, fund management, futures and financial asset management, and explore opening free trade ports.