第一篇：高中英語同位語從句講解及練習(xí)（共）

高中英語同位語從句講解及練習(xí)

同位語從句講義及練習(xí)

一、理解同位語從句的含義，把握同位語從句的實(shí)質(zhì)

在主從復(fù)合句中作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。同位語從句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等詞引導(dǎo)，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名詞后面，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。換言之，同位語從句和所修飾的名詞在內(nèi)容上為同一關(guān)系，對(duì)其內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步說明。

例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他們比賽獲勝的消息很快傳遍了整個(gè)學(xué)校。

析：they had won the game說明The news的全部?jī)?nèi)容，因此該句為同位語從句。

二、正確運(yùn)用同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，準(zhǔn)確把握同位語從句

1.如同位語從句意義完整，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。（即that 不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用，不可省略）

例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.將軍下達(dá)了戰(zhàn)士們立即過河的命令。

析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部?jī)?nèi)容，且意義完整，因此應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

2.如同位語從句意義不完整，需增加“是否”的含義，應(yīng)用whe】 引導(dǎo)同位語從句。（if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句）

ther

例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我們將討論運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是否會(huì)如期舉行的問題。

析：the sports meeting will be held on time意義不完整，應(yīng)加“是否”的含義才能表達(dá)the problem的全部?jī)?nèi)容，因此應(yīng)用whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

3.如同位語從句意義不完整，需增加“什么時(shí)候”、“什么地點(diǎn)”、“什么方式”等含義，應(yīng)用when, where, how等詞引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

例1：I have no idea when he will be back.析：he will be back意義不完整，應(yīng)加“什么時(shí)候”的含義才能表達(dá)idea的全部?jī)?nèi)容，因此應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

例2：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.析：he went home意義不完整，應(yīng)加“如何”的含義才能表達(dá)impression的全部?jī)?nèi)容，因此應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

4.當(dāng)主句的謂語較短，而同位語從句較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，同位語從句常后置。如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.三、把握同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別，明確同位語從句和相似從句的界限 同位語從句和定語從句相似，都放在某一名詞或代詞后面，但同位語從句不同于定語從句。同位語從句對(duì)名詞加以補(bǔ)充說明，是名詞全部?jī)?nèi)容的體現(xiàn)，且名詞和同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞均不在從句中作成分；定語從句說明先行詞的性質(zhì)與特征，與先行詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系，且名詞和定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞均在從句中作成分。

區(qū)分時(shí)可以在先行詞與與從句之間加一個(gè)系動(dòng)詞be,使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子，如果句子通順且符合邏輯，則為同位語從句，反之，則為定語從句。

如：The report that he was going to resign was false.因?yàn)閠he report was that he was going to resign 句意通順，所以，that he was going to resign 是同位語從句。

例1：

1）Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as

析：答案為B。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的內(nèi)容，且Information不在從句中作成分，所以該句為同位語從句。應(yīng)將該句區(qū)別于：

2）It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information ____ has been put forward.A.what B.that C.when D.as

析：答案為B。that has been put forward為information的修飾性定語，且information在從句中作主語，所以該句為定語從句。

例2：She heard a terrible noise,____ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)

A.it B.which C.this D.that

析：答案為B。分析語境含義、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分可知，該句為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為a terrible noise，且它在從句中作主語。應(yīng)將該句區(qū)別于：

I can't stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.A.it B.which C.this D.that

析：答案為D。she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的內(nèi)容，且the terrible noise不在從句中作成分，所以該句為同位語從句。

鞏固性練習(xí)：

1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.A.hat B.what C.which D.why 3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.what B.that C.why

D.when 4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A.which B.that C./

D.it 5.I have no idea ____ he will start.A.when B.that C.what D./ 6.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 7.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.A.when B.which C.what D.that 8.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A.which B.whether C.that D.what 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.A.that

B.as

C.of which D.which 10.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.A.whether B.where C.that

D.when

同位語從句和定語從句的三點(diǎn)區(qū)別

同位語從句和定語從句很相似,但還是有區(qū)別的,區(qū)別主要在以下三方面: 1.從詞類上區(qū)別

同位語從句前面的名詞只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定內(nèi)涵的名詞?而定語從句的先行詞可以是名詞?代詞?主句的一部分或是整個(gè)主句?如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.(同位語從句)We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.(同位語從句)Word came that he had been abroad.(同位語從句)Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.我們的隊(duì)贏了,這讓我們很高興?(定語從句)The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位醫(yī)生在房間里面?(定語從句)His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他媽媽盡她的最大努力幫助他的學(xué)習(xí)?(定語從句,代詞all作先行詞?)2.從性質(zhì)上區(qū)別

定語從句是從句對(duì)其先行詞的修飾或限制,屬于形容詞性從句的范疇;而同位語從句是從句對(duì)前面抽象名詞的進(jìn)一步的說明和解釋,屬于名詞性從句的范疇。如: The news that our team has won the game was true.我們隊(duì)贏了那場(chǎng)比賽的消息是真的?(同位語從句,補(bǔ)充說明news到底是一個(gè)什么消息?)The news that he told me yesterday was true.昨天他告訴我的那個(gè)消息是真的?(定語從句,news在從句中作told的賓語?)I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.我許諾如果誰讓我自由,我就讓他非常富有?(同位語從句,補(bǔ)充說明promise到底是一個(gè)什么諾言?)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.媽媽做出了一個(gè)令她的孩子們高興的許諾?(定語從句,promise在從句中作pleased的主語?)3.從引導(dǎo)詞及其在句子中的成分上區(qū)別

有些引導(dǎo)詞如how, whether, what可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句,但不能引導(dǎo)定語從句?如: That question whether we need it has not been considered.我們是否需要它這個(gè)問題還沒有考慮?(同位語從句)I have no idea what has happened to him.我不知道他發(fā)生了什么事?(同位語從句)引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),在從句中一般作主語或賓語(指物時(shí)還可以用which代替),并且作賓語時(shí)常常省略?that在同位語從句中僅起連接作用,不充當(dāng)任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which來代替?如: The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.我們應(yīng)派幾個(gè)人去幫別的幾個(gè)小組的命令昨天收到了?(同位語從句,是對(duì)order的具體解釋,that雖不作成分,但不能省略?)The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.我們昨天收到的命令是我們應(yīng)該派幾個(gè)人去幫助別的幾個(gè)小組?(定語從句,是名詞order的修飾語,that在從句中作

received的賓語,可以省略?)

高二英語短文改錯(cuò)專題復(fù)習(xí)

知識(shí)總結(jié)歸納：

短文改錯(cuò)的題是一篇意思連貫，但有九行文字中各有一個(gè)語法或用詞錯(cuò)誤的英語短文。它所涉及的知識(shí)面很廣，能力要求較高。而且題中所設(shè)的錯(cuò)誤常常是考生自己在寫作中經(jīng)常出的語法錯(cuò)誤，是專門針對(duì)考生的弱點(diǎn)而設(shè)的。但它又從另一個(gè)角度考查了語法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用。因此，做題時(shí)，應(yīng)從以下幾個(gè)方面著手解題：動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤；名詞使用錯(cuò)誤；形容詞，副詞使用錯(cuò)誤；連詞使用錯(cuò)誤；代詞使用錯(cuò)誤；冠詞使用錯(cuò)誤；介詞使用錯(cuò)誤，上下文邏輯錯(cuò)誤等。

在研究每一行的句子時(shí)，首先把握句子的意思，然后劃分句子的成分：主語；謂語部分；賓語；狀語：地點(diǎn)，時(shí)間，方式等。如果句子是并列句或復(fù)合句，先分開各部分小的分句，根據(jù)各個(gè)分句之間的關(guān)系判斷使用的連詞是否正確。然后再研究各個(gè)分句的成分。

（一）名詞使用錯(cuò)誤：名詞一般在句中做主語或賓語，名詞的錯(cuò)誤主要在于名詞單，復(fù)數(shù)的錯(cuò)誤使用。1.They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.： 2.We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.： 3.We practise three times every week and often watch football match on TV together.：4.Happy birthday, Peter, and many return of the day.：。

5.He said that she and my schoolmate all wishes me success.：6.On the way up I was taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.：

That kind of lie, a little, does two things: it keeps your friend feeling from being hurt?.：

（二）動(dòng)詞使用的錯(cuò)誤：

<一> 作為謂語動(dòng)詞，注意謂語動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，與主語是否一致以及用詞方面的問題。1.My favourite sport is football.I was a member of our school team.：

2..Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.：

I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interested in football.： 4.?the scenery was so beautiful.The time passes quickly.Evening came down.： 5.As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.：6.The Internet is a computer network that use the telephone system to link millions of computers around the world.<二> 作為非謂語動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，動(dòng)名詞，不定式形式的使用錯(cuò)誤，同時(shí)注意非謂語動(dòng)詞在平行結(jié)構(gòu)中出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。

1.Not far from the hotel, there was a shop with all kinds of clothes hang up.：2.He had worked on farms and in shops where he spent his spare time studied by himself.：

<三> 形容詞，副詞使用錯(cuò)誤：

注意：① 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)，原級(jí)，最高級(jí)使用方面的問題。② 修飾比較級(jí)的副詞的錯(cuò)誤使用。③ 以ing和以ed結(jié)尾的形容詞的混用。④ 形容詞和副詞的混用。1.I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting： 2.I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.：

3.?his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich family who had no child.：

4.4.People will work few hours than they do now.： 5.Computers will be more smaller and useful?.：

6.Last week, I went to a movie, which was very moved.<四> 連詞使用錯(cuò)誤：并列句連詞and與but的誤用是歷年高考題中?？嫉膬?nèi)容。復(fù)合句如賓語從句，狀語從句，定語從句中主，從句的連接詞的誤用根據(jù)主從句的關(guān)系可以發(fā)現(xiàn)。1.My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there.： 2.My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes.3.It deosn’t matter that I would win or not.4.An Eskimo boy becomes a man since he kills his first polar bear.：

5.The fine-furniture store I work has been in business since the 1920s.： 解題思路：

首先要理解整個(gè)短文的含義，邏輯關(guān)系，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。再仔細(xì)研究每一句的意義。借助劃分句子成分的方法判斷每一部分是否有錯(cuò)誤。讀句子時(shí)一定以整句為單位?！灸M試題】（答題時(shí)間：45分鐘）

A You can find all kinds information in just

1._____ a few minute on the Internet.It’s like going to a

2._____ huge library without have to walk around to find

3._____ your books.Recently even though, many people

4._____ have been discussing the dangers of the Internet

5._____ They have been reports in America about people

6._______ trying to steal person information for bad purposes.Finding information on the Net is easily.But not all information are good to society.For example, you

can find such information like how to kill people.The problem will become more serious in the future.B This is a story told by my father: “When I was boy,The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring Festival.My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes.One time, I just couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner.As I was about take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in the kitchen looking at me.Shake her hand, she said, ‘It isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologizeand controlled me at my best till the dinner started.You know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.”7._______ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 1._________ 2._________ 3._________ 4._________ 5._________ 6._________ 7._________ 8._________ 9._________ 10.________ 8

第二篇：高中英語表語從句講解及練習(xí)

表語從句

1、概述

用作表語的從句叫作表語從句，它位于主句中的連系動(dòng)詞之后。引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有從屬連詞that、whether、as though(if)；關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等?？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動(dòng)詞由be, look, remain, seem等。That引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，在口語中，間或可以省略。

The trouble is that we are short of money.困難是我們資金短缺。

That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.這就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。

At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.當(dāng)時(shí),我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃怼?/p>

2、由從屬連詞that，whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句。

that在引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)無詞義，而whether有詞義，意為、“是否”。這時(shí)主句的主語常常是些抽象名詞，如question(問題)，trouble(麻煩)，problem(問題)，result(結(jié)果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建議)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表語從句對(duì)主句主語進(jìn)行說明、解釋，使主語的內(nèi)容具體化。

The trouble is(that)she has lost his money.麻煩的事是他丟了錢。

The question is whether we need more ice cream.問題是我們是否還需要一些冰淇淋。

The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.問題是它作為日常之用太貴重了。What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.我們不能理解越來越少的學(xué)生對(duì)他的課不感興趣。

3、由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。

關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引導(dǎo)表語從句，在句中作主語、賓語、表語，關(guān)系代詞不能省略。The question is which of us should go.問題是我們哪一個(gè)應(yīng)該去。The problem was who could do the work.問題是誰能做這項(xiàng)工作。That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在擔(dān)心的事。That's what we should do.那是我們應(yīng)該做的。

4、由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。

Go and get your coat.It's where you left it.去把雨衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。

I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That’s why I got wet through.我們既沒傘也沒雨衣，這是我們淋濕的原因。

That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎樣每年損害大量糧食的。That is what he is worried about.那就是他所擔(dān)心的。

5、由連詞because，as if/as though等引導(dǎo)的表語從句。It looked as if it was going to snow.看起來好像要下雪了。

That's because we never thought of it.這是因?yàn)槲覀儚奈聪脒^此事。It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.好像他不知道答案?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動(dòng)詞有：

1：be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound，taste , smell 3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay 4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run，fall 5: prove, turn out 系動(dòng)詞的固定搭配: come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad, come right, run wild 連接詞：that / whether /as if /as

though(if不引導(dǎo)表語從句)連接代詞：who / whom / whose / which

/ what

連接副詞：when / where / why / how /

because

注：引導(dǎo)表語從句的連詞that間或可以省略。

The truth is（that）I didn't go there.事實(shí)是我沒去那兒。

［考題1］ The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.(2007上海)

A.when B.why C.whether D.that

［答案］ D

［解析］ 下劃線處之后是包含一個(gè)原因狀語從句的表語從句，如果看不出它是充當(dāng)整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的表語從句將難以把握整個(gè)句子的意思。因此，應(yīng)選擇可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句且不充當(dāng)任何成分的that。

［考題2］ You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.(2004)

A.why B.where C.what D.how

［答案］ B

［解析］ 下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)系動(dòng)詞is后的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(“disagree”屬于不及物動(dòng)詞，“I disagree”本身是完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu))，下劃線應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞where，表語從句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之處、我不同意的地方”。

［考題3］ — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.— Is that ____ you had a few days off?(1999)

A.why B.when C.what D.where

［答案］ A

［解析］ 下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)與系動(dòng)詞is連用的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語，下劃線應(yīng)填入表示“因此……”(指因某種原因所造成的結(jié)果)的引導(dǎo)詞why。

［考題4］ ____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.(2000上海)

A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that

［答案］ A

［解析］ 第一個(gè)下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在該主語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，特指她所不理解的事情，應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what； 第二個(gè)下劃線處表示“因此……”(指因某種原因所造成的后果，由why引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句)而不是“為什么……”(指原因、理由，由because引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句)，應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞why。

［考題5］ ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.(2003上海春)

A.What;because B.What;that

C.That;what D.That;because

［答案］ B

［解析］ 第一個(gè)下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在該主語從句中充當(dāng)主語，特指令校方驕傲的事情，應(yīng)選用關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what； 第二個(gè)下劃線處引導(dǎo)表語從句表示原因、理由，應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句。

［考題6］ — Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

— Oh, that’s ____.(2003北京春)

A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about

C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited

［答案］ A

［解析］ A選項(xiàng)的意思是“令我感覺激動(dòng)的事物”； B選項(xiàng)的意思是“我覺得激動(dòng)的任何事物”； C選項(xiàng)的意思是“我對(duì)它感覺的方式”； D選項(xiàng)的意思是“令我感覺激動(dòng)的時(shí)間”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A最適合跟代表“game”的主語that對(duì)應(yīng)，充當(dāng)表語從句。

表語從句與賓語從句的關(guān)系

不屬于的

賓語從句和表語從句都屬于名詞性從句。其作用跟名詞在句中的作用相同。故充當(dāng)賓語的句子叫賓語從句，充當(dāng)表語的句子叫表語從句。

賓語從句

(1)對(duì)于賓語從句要掌握以下三點(diǎn)

①語序: 從句的語序必須是陳述句語序, 即“主語 + 謂語”這種形式。

②時(shí)態(tài): 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)的時(shí)候, 從句可以是任何時(shí)態(tài), 而當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候, 從句, 從句時(shí)態(tài)必須是過去時(shí)范圍的時(shí)態(tài), 即(一般過去時(shí), 過去進(jìn)行時(shí), 過去完成時(shí), 過去將來時(shí))。

③連接詞: 當(dāng)從句意思完整, 主句意思肯定時(shí), 連接詞用that, 且可以省去, 當(dāng)從句意思完整, 主句意思不確定或含否定含意時(shí), 常用if或whether(是否), 當(dāng)從句意思不完整時(shí), 連接詞則是代替不完整部分的特殊疑問詞。

表語從句

在句子中起表語作用的從句叫做表語從句，位于主句系動(dòng)詞的后面。表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞和主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞相同。也是名詞性從句的一種。

如： What the police want to know is when you enred red the room警察想知道的是你什么時(shí)候進(jìn)的房間。

The The trouble is that we are short of funds困難是我們?nèi)狈Y金。

This This is what we should do這是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)做的。

That”s s why I want you to work there那就是我要你在那兒工作的原因。

His His first question was whether Mr.Smith had arrived yet他的第一個(gè)問題是史密斯先生到了沒有。

注意：從句中的疑問句用正常語序，即陳述語序。

as as if, as though, becau也可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句。

She She seems as if she had done a great thing她看起來好像做了一件大事。

It It is because you eat too much那是因?yàn)槟愠缘锰嗔恕?/p>

1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that

B.if

C.when

D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because

B.that

C.for

D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it A.where

B.there

C.there where

D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted A.who can we get

B.what we can get C.who we can get

D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that

B.if

C.whether

D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that

B.when

C.why

D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that

B.when

C.why

D.what 8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like

C.as D.as though 9.—I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why

B.when

C.what

D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill

B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill

D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that

B.what

C.why

D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what

B.where

C.that

D.why

that/what的區(qū)別

1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you

B.That；how you are

C.How；that you are

D.What；how you are 2.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what

B.that

C.how

D.why that 3.America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A.what

B.where

C.the place

D.there where 4.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be

B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being

D.what it was used to be 5.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that

B.That … what C.What … what

D.That … what 6.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such

高考練習(xí)—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）

A.why

B.what

C.when

D.where.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.（1998 上海）A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why

D.It’s how 3.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.（06 全國(guó)）

A.when

B.which

C.where

D.what 4.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?(2003北京春)

---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited

B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it

D.when I feel excited 5.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.（2004湖北）A.the way

B.in the way that

C.in the way

D.the way which

答案 DBACCACDDCCB that/what的區(qū)別 DBAAAC 高考練習(xí)ABDAA

第三篇：高中英語-定語從句講解及練習(xí)

定語從句

定語從句及相關(guān)術(shù)語

1.定語從句：修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。2.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；關(guān)系副詞有where, when, why等。關(guān)系詞常有3個(gè)作用：1，引導(dǎo)定語從句。2，代替先行詞。3在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。

定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個(gè)名詞性成分，相當(dāng)于形容詞，所以又稱為形容詞性從句．

２ 定語

（一）限定性定語從句

1.that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們?cè)趶木渲凶髦髡Z或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時(shí)?？墒÷躁P(guān)系詞，which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動(dòng)詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置

2.which作賓語時(shí)，根據(jù)先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關(guān)系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟

3.代表物時(shí)多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括當(dāng)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing ,few, all, none, little, some等代詞時(shí)，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時(shí)等，這時(shí)的that常被省略

4.who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時(shí)，要注意它可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語

5.where是關(guān)系副詞，用來表示地點(diǎn)的定語從句

6.when引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時(shí)間［注］值得一提的是，表示時(shí)間“time“一詞的定語從句只用when引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo)

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是關(guān)系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格.它引導(dǎo)的從句可以修飾人和物, 當(dāng)它引導(dǎo)的從句修飾物體時(shí), 可以與 of which 調(diào)換,表達(dá)的意思一樣.8.當(dāng)從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時(shí)，常用there is來引導(dǎo)

There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.這里有人要和你說話。

（二）非限定性定語從句

非限定性定語從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說明，通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1.which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分

2.當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的，例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.這本小說很動(dòng)人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。

3.非限制性定語從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞, 對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝@就叫做蒸發(fā)。

4.有時(shí)as也可用作關(guān)系代詞

5.在非限定性定語從句中，不能用關(guān)系副詞why和關(guān)系代詞that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物.；

（三）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1.who指人，在從句中做主語

(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，?？墒÷?。

(1)Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about on the bus.(2)Mr.Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。

(3)The man who/whom you met just now is my friend

3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略

(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.如果在從句中做賓語,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.如果是在從句中作主語就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book.4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。

在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略。

(5)The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6)Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語

(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替

(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4)The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

(6)Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

（四）注意

介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時(shí)

從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)

(1)The school(that/which)he once studied in is very famous.(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine(that/which)you asked for.(4)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5)We’ll go to hear the famous singer(whom/that/who)we have often talked about.(6)We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：1.含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語一般不拆開使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

(1)This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(T)

(2)This is the watch for which I am looking.(F)

2.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時(shí)用which，不能用that；關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose

(1)The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)

(2)The man with that you talked is my friend.(F)

(3)The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.(T)

(4)The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.(F)

3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞

(1)He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2)In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3)There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.（五）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1.when指時(shí)間，在定語從句中做時(shí)間狀語

(1)I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2)The time when we got together finally came.2.where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語

(1)Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2)The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3.why指原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語

(1)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2)I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換

(1)The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear，(2)From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3)Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.（六）判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞

方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞。不及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系副詞或者是介詞加關(guān)系代詞；而及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語，則要求用關(guān)系代詞。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.判斷改錯(cuò)（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。）

（錯(cuò)）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯(cuò)）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對(duì)）This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.（對(duì)）I'll never forget the days(which)I spent in the countryside.習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。

方法二： 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?

A.where B.that C.on which D.the one

例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held?

A.where B.that C.on which D.the one答案：

例1 D，例2 A

例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選D。

而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn)，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對(duì)，所以選A。

關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose)；

先行詞在從句中做狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where 地點(diǎn)狀語，when 時(shí)間狀語，why 原因狀語)。

（七）介詞+關(guān)系詞

1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。

2）that前不能有介詞。

3）某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語的”介詞+關(guān)系詞“結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when ,where和why 互換。This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

This is the reason why he came late.This is the reason for which he came late.（八）先行詞和關(guān)系詞二合一

1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)

（九）as,which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句

由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.典型例題

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it B.that C.which D.he

答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連接。況且選he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it

答案B。

which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號(hào)連接的兩個(gè)句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which C.as D.it

答案B.as 和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，這兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點(diǎn)：

(1）as 引導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。

(2）as 代表前面的整個(gè)主句并在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句中的謂語必須是系動(dòng)詞；若為行為動(dòng)詞，則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.。

在本題中，prevent由于是行為動(dòng)詞，所以正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為B。

As 的用法例

1.the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu), 和……一樣……。

I have got into the same trouble as he(has).例2.as可引導(dǎo)非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As is knew, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是關(guān)系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；

例2中，它充當(dāng)從句的主語，謂語動(dòng)詞know要用被動(dòng)式。

（十）關(guān)系代詞that 的用法

(1)不用that的情況

(a)在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí)。

(錯(cuò))The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.(b)介詞后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.(2)只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況

(a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

(b)在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。

(c)先行詞有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修飾時(shí)，只用that。

(d)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that。.(e)先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。

(f)先行詞指物，在主句中作表語時(shí)．

(g)為了避免重復(fù)．

(h)先行詞是the way時(shí)

舉例：

Is this the book that you borrowed in the library?

這是你在圖書館借的那本書嗎？

Who that break the window should be punished．

誰打碎了窗戶都要受到懲罰．

All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問題。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。

（十一）難點(diǎn)分析

（一）限制性定語從句只能用that的幾種情況

1．當(dāng)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing(something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代詞時(shí)，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時(shí)

(1)Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li has said?

(2)There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.(3)All that can be done has been done.(4)There is little that I can do for you.注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可以用who

(4)Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾

(1)The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)

(1)This is the best film that I have seen.4.當(dāng)形容詞被the very, the only 修飾時(shí)

(1)This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy，(2)After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可以用who

(3)Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting？

5.當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時(shí)

(1)Who is the man that is standing there?

(2)Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?

6.當(dāng)先行詞既有人，也有動(dòng)物或者物體時(shí)

(1)Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

（二）關(guān)系代詞as和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有相同之處也有不同之處。具體情況是：

1．As和which都可以在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，代表前面整個(gè)句子。

(1)He married her, as/which was natural.(2)He was honest, as/which we can see.2.as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個(gè)主句；which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思

(1)As is known to all, China is a developing country.(2)He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.(3)John, as you know, is a famous writer.(4)He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.注意：當(dāng)主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，常用which

(5)Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.3.當(dāng)先行次受such, the same修飾時(shí)，常用as

(1)I have never heard such a story as he tells.(2)He is not such a fool as he looks.(3)This is the same book as I lost last week.注意：當(dāng)先行詞由the same修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但是和由as所引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思不同

(4)She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.她穿著她在MARY婚禮上穿過的一條裙子。

(5)She wore the same dress as her young sister wore.她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。

(三）以the way為先行詞的定語從句通常由in which, that引導(dǎo)，而且通?？梢允÷?。

(1)The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.(四)but有時(shí)也可以做關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句

(1)There are very few but understand his idea.(but= who don’t)

(五)區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句

1．定語從句修飾先行詞，它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系；

同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容，是補(bǔ)充說明的關(guān)系

(1)The plane that has just taken off is for London.定語從句

(2)The fact that he has been dead is clear.同位語從句

2．定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在句中充當(dāng)成分，有時(shí)可以省略；

同位語從句主要由that引導(dǎo)，在句中一般不做成分；

句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等詞引導(dǎo)，充當(dāng)成分

(1)The news he told me is true.(2)The news that he has just died is true.(3)The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.定語

(4)The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.3.同位語從句和先行詞一般可以用be動(dòng)詞發(fā)展成一個(gè)完整的句子，而定語從句不可以

(1)The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.同位語

(2)The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.(3)The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.(4)The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.18.定語從句

定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。

關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

關(guān)系副詞有： when, where, why等。

18.1 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）

2)Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。

Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書。

3）which, that

它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）

The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語）

［定語從句］介詞+關(guān)系詞

1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。

2）that前不能有介詞。

3）某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語的”介詞+關(guān)系詞"結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when 和where 互換。例如：

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.這是我兩年前住過的房子。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？ 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club？

第四篇：高中英語狀語從句練習(xí)與講解

狀語從句

狀語從句在句中相當(dāng)于副詞做狀語,又叫副詞性從句。狀語從句分為時(shí)間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句和比較狀語從句。掌握狀語從句應(yīng)當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞入手，注意引導(dǎo)詞的詞義,引導(dǎo)狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞都有詞思,所以,了解引導(dǎo)詞的意思尤為重要。引導(dǎo)詞按意義分為九類:

1)時(shí)間when , as , while , till , until , before, after , since

2)地點(diǎn)where

3)原因because , as , since , now that

4)條件if , unless , once.so(as)long as.in case

5)讓步though , whatever(--ever)as, even though, even if

6)目的so that, in order that

7)結(jié)果so...that

8)比較than, as..as

9)方式as , as if

例如:

1．I fell asleep when(as , while)he was doing his exercises.他正作練習(xí)時(shí)我睡著了。（時(shí)間狀語從句）

2．When he arrived in Shanghai , his mother met him at the station.他到上海時(shí)，他媽媽到車站接他。（時(shí)間狀語從句）

3．She always sings as she walks.她總是一邊走一邊唱。（時(shí)間狀語從句）

4．I waited until he had finished his work.我等到他做完活。（時(shí)間狀語從句）

5．It was not long before he told me about this affair.不久，他就告訴我這件事。（時(shí)間狀語從句）

6．He has worked very hard since he entered the factory.自從他進(jìn)廠，工作一直很努力。（時(shí)間狀語從句）

7．After he had finished the work , he went home.他干完活，回家了。（時(shí)間狀語從句）

8．Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者，事竟成。（地點(diǎn)狀語從句）

9．She didn't come to school because she was ill.她由于有病沒來上學(xué)。（原因狀語從句）

10．As he did not know much English , he looked up the word in the dictionary.由于他不懂什么英語，所以查字典。（原因狀語從句）

11．Now that(Since)I've told you twice , you must know it.既然我告訴你兩次了，你必須記住。（原因狀語從句）

12．Once he says that , he will do it.一旦他說了，他就會(huì)做。（條件狀語從句）

13．Unless I receive the letter from him , I won't write to him again.如果我不收到他的信，就不給他寫回信。（條件狀語從句）

14．So long as you work hard , you are sure to succeed.只要你努力工作，就一定能成功。（條件狀語從句）

15．Thoughwewere neither very big nor very strong , we were a good team.雖然我們個(gè)兒不大，身體不壯，但是個(gè)好隊(duì)。（讓步狀語從句）

16．No matter who she is , she'll have to wait.無論她是誰，也得等。（讓步狀語從句）

17．Poor as he was , he was honest.雖然他很窮，但很誠(chéng)實(shí)。（讓步狀語從句）

18．It also shows you the caller's telephone numberin order that you can recognize who it is.它能向你顯示打電話人的號(hào)碼以便能夠認(rèn)出是誰。（目的狀語從句）19．He was so excited that he could not say a word.他如此激動(dòng)以至于說不出話來。（結(jié)果狀語從句）20．He works as hard as he used to.他工作與過去一樣努力。（方式狀語從句）21．You must do as I told you.你必須按我告訴你的去做。（方式狀語從句）

運(yùn)用狀語從句應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題:

1)狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)

2)because不與so連用,表示“因?yàn)?..所以”二者只能選擇其一;though(although)不與but連用,表示“雖然...但是” ,二者只能選擇其一.3)同一引導(dǎo)詞可以引導(dǎo)不同種類的從句.如: where

You'll find itwhere it was.(地點(diǎn)狀語從句)

Tell me the addresswhere he lives.(定語從句)

I don't knowwhere he came from.(賓語從句)

Where he has goneis not known yet.(主語從句)

This is where they once lived.(表語從句)

since , as, when也分別可以引導(dǎo)不同種類的從句.練習(xí)題

I.填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞

1.I haven't heard from him _____ he went to America.2.He won't be here _____ he is invited.3.He will not go to the cinema _____ he is very busy.4.We found the key _____ she lad left it.5.We found the books two days ____ he had gone away.6.We had no sooner got to the station _____ the train left.7.He speaks English ______ he were an Englishman.8.He is explaining clearly _______ they could understand.9.Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test.10.She sang ______ she went along.答案：1.since 2.unless 3.because 4.where 5.after 6.than 7.as if8.so that9.before 10.as II.改錯(cuò)

1.The children were running on the playground as fast as they can.2.Since her husband had died , so she had to supporther family.3.He won't go out until his mother will come.4.He was very foolish that he didn't pass such an easy exam.5.Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home.6.It was three months since he came to our school.7.The playground of our school is larger than their school.8.The streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai.9.Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain , the fields are green.10.She singssongsas ifshe is a bird.答案：1.can改為could 2.去掉so 3.will come改為comes 4.very改為so 5.as soon as改為when 6.was改為is 7.than之后加上that of8.than后加those in9.whatever改為wherever 10.is改為were

III.找出從句并指出是那類從句

1.It depends on whether we have enough time.2.The question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored.3.The mountain is no longer what it used to be.4.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.5.He wasnotthe man that he was before.6.Nowyou was free , why not go swimming with us ?

7.Where there are schools and colleges , there are examinations.8.Bad habits , once firmed , are difficult to give up.9.She often wears the same kind of skirt as her twin sister does..The moment he opened the window , a bird flew in.答案：

1.whether we have enough time介詞賓語從句

2.he asked定語從句where the electrical equipment should be stored表語從句

3.what it used to be表語從句

4.that she works hard同位語從句

5.that he was before定語從句

6.Nowyou was free讓步狀語從句now= now that

7.Where there are schools and colleges地點(diǎn)狀語從句

8.once firmed時(shí)間狀語從句

9.as her twin sister does定語從句

10.The moment he opened the window時(shí)間狀語從句

IV.填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞完成句子

1.____ will do the experiment comes to the professor's office.2.___ will do the experiment hasn't been decided.3.The teacher didn't leave ______ twelve o'clock.4.______ the day went on , the weather got worse.5._____ she is young , she knows quite a lot.6.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.7.You will be late ____ you leave immediately.8.Go and get your coat.It's ______ you left it.9.______ is mentioned above , the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.10.____ had I entered the room ____ the phone rang.答案：1.Whoever 2.Who 3.until 4.As 5.Although 6.that 7.unless 8.where 9.As 10 Hardly, when(No sooner , than)V.改錯(cuò)

1.Is this the watch for which he is looking now ?

2.This is all which I can do for you.3.Do you know the old man at the back of the room, whom has been chosen head of the factory.4.I want to know the way which you learn new words.5.Can you tell me that there's a bookstore near here ?

6.Our school quite different from that it was before.7.If she likes the present is not clear to me.8.For she is ill , shehasn't come to school.9.It gave him so a big shock that his face turned pale.10.He is cleverer than any boy in his class.答案：1.for放在looking之后2.which改為that3.whom改為who 4.which改為how 5.that改為whether 6.that改為what 7.If改為Whether 8.For改為Because 9.so改為such 10.any后加other

第五篇：高中 同位語從句詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)(附答案)

同位語從句講義

1．定義：用作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句。

2.用法：同位語從句的先行詞多為fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，關(guān)聯(lián)詞多用從屬連詞。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.對(duì)你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪兒聽說我不能來？

Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德國(guó)已對(duì)俄國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)的消息一大早就傳來了。注：同位語從句偶爾由從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)。如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否來。連接代詞who, which, what和連接副詞where,when, why, how亦可引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

The question who should do the work requires consideration.誰該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個(gè)問題需要考慮。

We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪兒去度暑假，這個(gè)問題我們還沒有決定。It is a question how he did it.那是一個(gè)他如何做了此事的問題。1．that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句與定語從句之區(qū)別? that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句 that引導(dǎo)的定語從句 句法功能上

that只起連接從句的作用，無意義。在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分。不可省。

that替代先行詞在從句中不僅起連接作用，還充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分。如在從句中作 動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)可省略。意義上

從句是被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容。從句起限定作用，是定語 如：

The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.(同位語從句，that不可省)李先生將是我們的新英語老師這個(gè)消息是真的。The news(that)he told me yesterday is true.(定語從句，that在從句中作的賓語，可省)他昨天告訴我的消息是真的。

2．一些表示“建議、命令、要求”的名詞后所跟的同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣should+動(dòng)詞原形表示。should可省。如： This is our only request that this(should)be settled as soon as possible.這就是我們唯一的請(qǐng)求：盡快解決這個(gè)問題。

同位語從句

是名詞性從句(主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句)中的主要從句之一，從句作同位語表示與之同位的名詞(短語)的實(shí)際內(nèi)容，它的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，對(duì)前面的名詞(短語)加以補(bǔ)充說明或進(jìn)一步解釋，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)表語從句，它們之間的關(guān)系是同位關(guān)系，即主表關(guān)系。

詳細(xì)信息 一個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)對(duì)另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾，限定或說明，這個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致，并常常緊挨在一起。

1.名詞作同位語

Mr Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老師，星期二要來看我們。

2.短語作同位語

I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作為家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。

3.直接引語作同位語

But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是現(xiàn)在他們不得不思考這樣的問題：“多莉早死是因?yàn)樗且恢豢寺⊙騿?？? 4.句子作同位語

The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海輪可以開到五大湖，讓表姐妹倆感到吃驚。

同位語從句用法

同位語部分是個(gè)句子,就是同位語從句,這種用法比較“固定”

一、在復(fù)合句中用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它一般跟在某些名詞后面，用以說明該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容。

I heard the news that our team had won．我聽到了我們隊(duì)獲勝的消息。

二、可以跟同位語從句的名詞通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。

I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我從王先生那里來，他讓我告訴你他今天下午不能來看你了。

三、英語中引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞通有連詞 that，whether，連接副詞 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。）

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個(gè)問題。

四、有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敵人已經(jīng)逃出城了。

同位語從句-引導(dǎo)詞

同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞語通常有連詞that，whether，連接代詞和連接副詞等。

1.連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句

（注：引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that不能省略）

The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你認(rèn)為不動(dòng)腦筋就能做好這件工作的想法是完全錯(cuò)誤的。（作idea的同位語）

【注意1】在某些名詞(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣

There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一項(xiàng)建議是布朗應(yīng)該離隊(duì)。

【注意2】引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞that通常不省略，但在非正式文體中也可以省去。

He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，給人的印象是他要登上飛往東京的飛機(jī)了。

2.連詞whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句（注：if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句）

The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.我們是否請(qǐng)專家由家庭醫(yī)生來定。

【注意】whether 可引導(dǎo)同位語從句，但if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

其它引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句

連接代詞what, who, whom, whose, which引導(dǎo)同位語從句

1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿幾號(hào)的鞋。（what作定語）

2).I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.我不知道哪種酒最好，這是個(gè)人口味的問題。（which作定語）

3).The question who will take his place is still not clear.（who作主語）

4.連接副詞引導(dǎo)同位語從句

連接副詞when, where, how, why

We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪兒去度暑假，這個(gè)問題我們還沒有決定。

同位語從句-相關(guān)語法

一、同位語從句在句中的位置

1.一般情況下同位語從句跟在某些名詞(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以說明該名詞所表達(dá)的具體內(nèi)容。

I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我從王先生那邊得知一個(gè)消息，他說他今天下午不能來看你了。

2.有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后，而被別的詞語隔開，在語法上叫做分隔式同位語從句。

The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她離開家時(shí)沒把門關(guān)上。

二、同位語從句前名詞的數(shù)

同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式，并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)加以修飾。

Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪兒聽說我不能來？

三、同位語從句的語氣

在suggestion，advice，request，order等意為“建議；命令；要求”的名詞后，同位語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用“should +動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的should可以省略。

Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老師給我們提出了一些如何使用電腦的建議。

四、同位語從句的先行詞

同位語從句的先行詞通常是抽象名詞，常見的有：idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability等等。

How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him? 皇帝覺得身上并沒有穿上新衣，對(duì)這個(gè)問題騙子是怎樣解釋的?

代詞it可用作同位語從句的先行詞。這個(gè)it常放在某些動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞后作賓語，同時(shí)兼作其后that同位語從句的先行詞。

I owe it to you that I am still alive.幸虧你，我現(xiàn)在還活著。

有的語法學(xué)家把先行詞it后的that從句看作是動(dòng)詞或介詞的真正賓語。一般認(rèn)為，這種it后的that 從句應(yīng)看作it的同位語，因?yàn)樗喈?dāng)于“主語+be+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)。

You must se to it that the children don't catch cold.(=You must see to it, and It is that the children don't catch cold.)你要當(dāng)心，別讓孩子們著涼了。

同位語從句-語法區(qū)別 與定語從句的的語法區(qū)別： 1．意義的不同

同位語從句是用于說明所修飾名詞的具體內(nèi)容的，它與被修飾詞語通?？梢詣澋忍?hào)；而定語從句是限制所修飾名詞的，它的作用是將所修飾的名詞與其他類似的東西區(qū)別開來：

We are glad at the news that he will come.聽到他要來這個(gè)消息我們很高興。(news的內(nèi)容就是that he will come，故that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句)

We are glad at the news that he told us.聽到他告訴我們的這個(gè)消息我們很高興。(that從句是限制the news的內(nèi)容的，即我們高興只是因?yàn)樗嬖V的這個(gè)news而不是其他的news，故that從句為定語從句)

2.引導(dǎo)詞的不同

what, how, if, whatever 等可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，但不引導(dǎo)定語從句。

3.引導(dǎo)詞的功能上的不同

that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，它不充當(dāng)句子成分，而引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，它作為關(guān)系代詞，要么充當(dāng)定語從句的主語，要么充當(dāng)定語從句的賓語。如上例 that he told us中的that就充當(dāng)told的賓語。

4.被修飾詞語的區(qū)別

同位語從句所修飾的名詞比較有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定語從句所修飾的名詞則非常廣泛。另外，when和where 引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，通常只修飾表示時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的名詞，而它們引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)卻不一定；又如why引導(dǎo)定語從句，它通常只修飾名詞the reason，而它引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)則不一定：

I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他們什么時(shí)候來。(同位語從句)

I’ll never forget the days when I lived there..我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我住在那兒的日子。(定語從句）

同位語從句-特殊形式

1.間隔同位語從句

同位語從句通常是跟在它解釋或說明的名詞后，但有些情況下，由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的原因，同位語從句不緊跟在名詞后，而被其他的詞隔開。

A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday

簡(jiǎn)析：由于that從句太長(zhǎng)，為避免句子失去平衡，此處用了間隔同位語從句

2.suggestion,request和order等名詞后的同位語從句用虛擬語氣。

She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.她請(qǐng)求立即請(qǐng)醫(yī)生來。

簡(jiǎn)析：suggestion，order，request，proposal，requirement，command，advice，proposition和recommendation等名詞后接同位語從句時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”的形式，其中should一詞可省略。

3.短語及固定句式后的同位語從句

I will come on condition that John is invited.如果約翰也被邀請(qǐng)的話，我就來。

簡(jiǎn)析：短語On condition, on supposition, on the ground(s), on the understanding, with the exception, in spite of the fact, on the assumption及句式There BE+no doubt(hope,chance,possibility,…)后的that從句為同位語從句。

同位語從句-雅思例句 I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain.We hold this truth to be self-evident that all men are created equal.3 Some people hold the opinion that the Internet is a curse.Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunityto have a deeper understanding of their own country's tradition and cultures.同位語從句練習(xí)題

用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空：

It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning gray.2.I have no idea _____ we can do with these waste materials.3.____the doctor really doubts is____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.4.It is hoped____nature will never be destroyed.5.____do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow? 6.--I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.--Is that ____ you had a few days off? 7.Word came____I was wanted at the office.8.Do you know ____of them will be our new headmaster? 9.The teacher didn’t tell me ____we were wrong.10.It’s generally considered unwise to give a child ____he or she wants.B.單項(xiàng)選擇

It was true _____ Alice did surprised her mother.A.that

B.what

C.that, what

D.what, that 2.Does ____matter much ____he can’t come to the meeting.A.it, if

B.that, if

C.it, whether

D.this, whether 3.--What are you anxious about?

--____ A.How can we succeed

B.Whether we can succeed

C.When can we succeed

D.That we can succeed 4.The reason ____the little actress has been such a success is ____she is both clever and hard-working.A.why, why

B.why, that

C.that, because

D.for, because 5.____leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Who

B.Whoever

C.Anyone

D.The person 6.I really don’t know _____I had this photo taken.A.where it was that

B.it was that

C.where it was

D.it was why 7.? Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge.I can’t remember ____.A.where

B.there

C.which

D.that 8.--What do you think of China?

--____different life is today from ____it used to be.A.How, what

B.What, what

C.How, that

D.What, that 9.Give this to ____you think can do the work well.A.who

B.whom

C.whoever

D.whomever

10.____troubles me is ____I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart.A.That, that

B.What, what

C.That, what

D.What, that

練習(xí)二

1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.A.that

B.what

C.why

D.which

2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.A.that

B.what

C.which D.why

3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.what

B.that

C.why

D.when

4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A.which

B.that

C./

D.it

5.I have no idea ____ he will start.A.when

B.that

C.what

D./

6.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.A.if

B.that

C.whether

D.which

7.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.A.when

B.which

C.what

D.that

8.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A.which

B.whether

C.that

D.what

9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.A.that

B.as

C.of which

D.which

10.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.A.whether

B.where

C.that

D.when

練習(xí)一答案A.1.that 2.what 3.what，whether 4.that 5.who 6.why 7.that 8.which 9.where 10.whatever B.1—5 CABBB 6—10 ACACD 練習(xí)二答案：1-5 AABBA

6-10 BDCAA

同位語從句

是名詞性從句(主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句)中的主要從句之一，從句作同位語表示與之同位的名詞(短語)的實(shí)際內(nèi)容，它的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，對(duì)前面的名詞(短語)加以補(bǔ)充說明或進(jìn)一步解釋，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)表語從句，它們之間的關(guān)系是同位關(guān)系，即主表關(guān)系。

詳細(xì)信息 一個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)對(duì)另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾，限定或說明，這個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致，并常常緊挨在一起。

1.名詞作同位語

Mr Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老師，星期二要來看我們。

2.短語作同位語

I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作為家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。

3.直接引語作同位語

But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是現(xiàn)在他們不得不思考這樣的問題：“多莉早死是因?yàn)樗且恢豢寺⊙騿幔俊? 4.句子作同位語

The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海輪可以開到五大湖，讓表姐妹倆感到吃驚。

同位語從句用法

同位語部分是個(gè)句子,就是同位語從句,這種用法比較“固定”

一、在復(fù)合句中用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它一般跟在某些名詞后面，用以說明該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容。

I heard the news that our team had won．我聽到了我們隊(duì)獲勝的消息。

二、可以跟同位語從句的名詞通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。

I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我從王先生那里來，他讓我告訴你他今天下午不能來看你了。

三、英語中引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞通有連詞 that，whether，連接副詞 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。）

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個(gè)問題。

四、有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敵人已經(jīng)逃出城了。

同位語從句-引導(dǎo)詞

同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞語通常有連詞that，whether，連接代詞和連接副詞等。

1.連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句

（注：引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that不能省略）

The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你認(rèn)為不動(dòng)腦筋就能做好這件工作的想法是完全錯(cuò)誤的。（作idea的同位語）

【注意1】在某些名詞(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣

There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一項(xiàng)建議是布朗應(yīng)該離隊(duì)。

【注意2】引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞that通常不省略，但在非正式文體中也可以省去。

He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，給人的印象是他要登上飛往東京的飛機(jī)了。

2.連詞whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句（注：if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句）

The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.我們是否請(qǐng)專家由家庭醫(yī)生來定。

【注意】whether 可引導(dǎo)同位語從句，但if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

其它引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句

連接代詞what, who, whom, whose, which引導(dǎo)同位語從句

1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿幾號(hào)的鞋。（what作定語）

2).I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.我不知道哪種酒最好，這是個(gè)人口味的問題。（which作定語）

3).The question who will take his place is still not clear.（who作主語）

4.連接副詞引導(dǎo)同位語從句

連接副詞when, where, how, why

We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪兒去度暑假，這個(gè)問題我們還沒有決定。

同位語從句-相關(guān)語法

一、同位語從句在句中的位置

1.一般情況下同位語從句跟在某些名詞(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以說明該名詞所表達(dá)的具體內(nèi)容。

I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我從王先生那邊得知一個(gè)消息，他說他今天下午不能來看你了。

2.有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后，而被別的詞語隔開，在語法上叫做分隔式同位語從句。

The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她離開家時(shí)沒把門關(guān)上。

二、同位語從句前名詞的數(shù)

同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式，并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)加以修飾。

Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪兒聽說我不能來？

三、同位語從句的語氣

在suggestion，advice，request，order等意為“建議；命令；要求”的名詞后，同位語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用“should +動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的should可以省略。

Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老師給我們提出了一些如何使用電腦的建議。

四、同位語從句的先行詞

同位語從句的先行詞通常是抽象名詞，常見的有：idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability等等。

How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him? 皇帝覺得身上并沒有穿上新衣，對(duì)這個(gè)問題騙子是怎樣解釋的?

代詞it可用作同位語從句的先行詞。這個(gè)it常放在某些動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞后作賓語，同時(shí)兼作其后that同位語從句的先行詞。

I owe it to you that I am still alive.幸虧你，我現(xiàn)在還活著。

有的語法學(xué)家把先行詞it后的that從句看作是動(dòng)詞或介詞的真正賓語。一般認(rèn)為，這種it后的that 從句應(yīng)看作it的同位語，因?yàn)樗喈?dāng)于“主語+be+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)。

You must se to it that the children don't catch cold.(=You must see to it, and It is that the children don't catch cold.)你要當(dāng)心，別讓孩子們著涼了。

同位語從句-語法區(qū)別 與定語從句的的語法區(qū)別：

1．意義的不同

同位語從句是用于說明所修飾名詞的具體內(nèi)容的，它與被修飾詞語通?？梢詣澋忍?hào)；而定語從句是限制所修飾名詞的，它的作用是將所修飾的名詞與其他類似的東西區(qū)別開來：

We are glad at the news that he will come.聽到他要來這個(gè)消息我們很高興。(news的內(nèi)容就是that he will come，故that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句)

We are glad at the news that he told us.聽到他告訴我們的這個(gè)消息我們很高興。(that從句是限制the news的內(nèi)容的，即我們高興只是因?yàn)樗嬖V的這個(gè)news而不是其他的news，故that從句為定語從句)

2.引導(dǎo)詞的不同

what, how, if, whatever 等可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，但不引導(dǎo)定語從句。

3.引導(dǎo)詞的功能上的不同

that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，它不充當(dāng)句子成分，而引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，它作為關(guān)系代詞，要么充當(dāng)定語從句的主語，要么充當(dāng)定語從句的賓語。如上例 that he told us中的that就充當(dāng)told的賓語。

4.被修飾詞語的區(qū)別

同位語從句所修飾的名詞比較有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定語從句所修飾的名詞則非常廣泛。另外，when和where 引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，通常只修飾表示時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的名詞，而它們引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)卻不一定；又如why引導(dǎo)定語從句，它通常只修飾名詞the reason，而它引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)則不一定：

I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他們什么時(shí)候來。(同位語從句)

I’ll never forget the days when I lived there..我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我住在那兒的日子。(定語從句）

同位語從句-特殊形式

1.間隔同位語從句

同位語從句通常是跟在它解釋或說明的名詞后，但有些情況下，由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的原因，同位語從句不緊跟在名詞后，而被其他的詞隔開。

A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday

簡(jiǎn)析：由于that從句太長(zhǎng)，為避免句子失去平衡，此處用了間隔同位語從句

2.suggestion,request和order等名詞后的同位語從句用虛擬語氣。

She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.她請(qǐng)求立即請(qǐng)醫(yī)生來。

簡(jiǎn)析：suggestion，order，request，proposal，requirement，command，advice，proposition和recommendation等名詞后接同位語從句時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”的形式，其中should一詞可省略。

3.短語及固定句式后的同位語從句

I will come on condition that John is invited.如果約翰也被邀請(qǐng)的話，我就來。

簡(jiǎn)析：短語On condition, on supposition, on the ground(s), on the understanding, with the exception, in spite of the fact, on the assumption及句式There BE+no doubt(hope,chance,possibility,…)后的that從句為同位語從句。

同位語從句-雅思例句 I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain.We hold this truth to be self-evident that all men are created equal.3 Some people hold the opinion that the Internet is a curse.Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunityto have a deeper understanding of their own country's tradition and cultures.