第一篇：高中英語閱讀理解 第三部分 名人故事(一)練習

第三部分 名人故事

（一）1.Alfred Nobel, Founder of the Nobel Prizes

阿爾弗雷德?諾貝爾—諾貝爾獎的創始人

在世界科學史上，有這樣一位科學家：他不僅把自己的畢生精力全部貢獻給了科學事業，而且還在身后留下遺囑，把自己的遺產全部捐獻給科學事業，用以獎掖后人，向科學的高峰努力攀登。今天，以他的名字命名的科學獎，已經成為舉世矚目的最高科學大獎。他的名字和人類在科學探索中取得的成就一道，永遠地留在了人類社會發展的文明史冊上。這位偉大的科學家，就是世人皆知的瑞典化學家、諾貝爾獎的創立人阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾。

諾貝爾獎頒發給在物理，化學，醫學，文學，和平和經濟六個領域中成就最突出的人。Some names have become famous because they are always connected with important things.One of these names is that of Alfred Nobel, who founded the famous Nobel Prizes.Nobel was born in Sweden in 1833.He became an engineer and an inventor.He was particularly interested in explosives.These were very dangerous in those days, and Nobel's own brother was killed in an explosion in their factory.In 1867, Nobel invented dynamite.This was a very powerful explosive, but unlike the others it was safe to handle.The invention made Nobel a very wealthy man.However, he was never particularly happy.He realized that his invention was being used for warlike purposes, and that thousands and perhaps hundreds of thousands of people were being killed and injured in wars with his explosives.When he died in 1896, he left over 3 million pounds to be spent setting up five prizes each year.These prizes were to be given to people who had made outstanding contributions to peace, to science, and to literature.Originally there were five rewards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine and peace.Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first award ceremony.These Nobel Prizes became famous and because of them we still remember the name of Nobel.Comprehension Questions:

A.it is less powerful and safe to handle.B.it is more powerful but less safe to handle.C.it is both powerful and safe.D.it won't kill people.4.Rich as he was, Alfred Nobel was never particularly happy because ______ A.his dynamite was not safe enough.B.his explosives were being used in wars.C.his brother was killed by the explosives invented by him.D.he had killed hundreds of thousands of people with explosives.5.Those who had made outstanding contributions to peace, to science and to literature ______ A.could get three million pounds.B.were given five prizes each year.C.could see Alfred Nobel himself.D.could receive Nobel Prizes.(CACBD)

2.The General and the Corporal, A Story

About George Washington 將軍和下士—喬治?華盛頓的故事

喬治·華盛頓，美國首任總統（1789～1797），美國獨立戰爭大陸軍總司令。1789年，當選為美國第一任總統，因對美國獨立作出了重大貢獻，被尊為美國國父。他有一句關于自由的名言：“由于劍是維護我們自由的最后手段，一旦這些自由得到確立，就應該首先將它放在一旁。” 下面這篇小故事通過一件平凡事，反映了一個偉人的博大胸襟。

George Washington was the first President of the United States.It was he who led the armies during the long war that brought the American people independence and made America a free country.He was a great man, not only in great things, but also in little ones.He was never too great to do a kindness.He was never too high to stoop to those who were lower than he and in need of help.Then Washington ran up, and with his strong arms gave them the help they so much needed.The big log was lifted on the breastwork, and the men looked their thanks at the stranger who had been so kind.“Why don’t you take hold and help your men?” Washington asked the corporal.“Why don’t I? Don’t you see that I am the corporal?”

“Oh, indeed,” said Washington, as he unbuttoned his overcoat, and showed the uniform which he wore.“Well, I am the general, and the next time you have a log too heavy for your men to lift, send for me!”

You can imagine how the little corporal felt when he saw it was General Washington who was standing before him.It was a good lesson for him, and there are little men still living who may learn a good lesson from the story.Comprehension Questions: 1.______ he was a great man, George Washington was ready to do a kindness.A.Because B.Though C.If D.As long as 2.At first the corporal and the soldiers did not know ______ A.who was the general.B.who was Washington.C.what the general was.D.the man was Washington.3.The corporal was ______ A.too little to do the heavy job.B.too weak to help his men.C.so great that he could not do such a small thing.D.feeling he was such an officer that he was ashamed of giving help.4.The little corporal felt very ______ when he knew it was General Washington who was standing before him.A.glad B.proud C.sorry D.crazy 5.When do you think the story most probably took place? ______ A.During the War of Independence.B.During the Civil War.C.During World War I.D.During World War II.(BDDCA)

生產力的發展作出了杰出貢獻。他改良了蒸汽機、發明了氣壓表、汽動錘。后人為了紀念他，將功率的單位稱為瓦特，常用符號“W”表示。

People had known about steam power for hundreds of years, but they did not know how to apply it to machines.About 300 years ago, some mining engineers discovered that they could use steam power to force water out of deep mines.This helped miners dig deeper than ever.But little more was done with steam power until one man, James Watt, discovered how to make steam turn a wheel.When he was a boy, James Watt's parents had scolded him for playing with mechanical things.There were few complicated machines then.And almost nobody could make a living by fixing them.So Watt's parents thought that fooling around with machines was a waste of time.But someone asked Watt to repair a steam coalmine pump.Watt fixed the pump and he began to build models of other pumps.Once Watt had built his first steam engine, steam power was used to do many things.Machines were built that could weave, spin, grind flour, drive a boat or a train, and even make other machines.Nearly anything that needed pushing or turning could be powered by steam.Within 50 years of Watt's invention, steam engines were producing and transporting things in ways that were impossible with muscle, wind, or waterpower.Comprehension Questions:

1.James Watt was the first person who ______ A.applied steam to machines.B.discovered steam power could be used to force water out of deep mines.C.helped miners to dig deeper than ever.D.discovered how to make steam turn a wheel.2.Steam power was not used to turn a wheel until ______ A.three hundred years ago.B.some mining engineers discovered how to force water out of deep mines.C.James Watt was born.D.James Watt found out the way of doing so.5.Nearly half a century had passed ______ A.since James Watt's steam engines were used widely.B.until James Watt had invented his steam engines.C.before steam engines could be used to produce and transport things.D.and steam engines were doing things that were impossible to be done in the past.(DDACD)4.Galileo, Famous Italian Astronomer

伽利略—意大利著名天文學家

伽利略·伽利雷(1564～1642)是意大利文藝復興后期偉大的意大利天文學家、力學家、哲學家、物理學家和數學家。也是近代實驗物理學的開拓者，被譽為“近代科學之父”。傳說1590年，出生在比薩城的意大利物理學家伽利略，曾在比薩斜塔上做自由落體實驗，將兩個重量不同的球體從相同的高度同時扔下，結果兩個鉛球同時落地，由此發現了自由落體定律，推翻了此前亞里士多德認為的重的物體會先到達地面。

Galileo(1564-1642)was an Italian physicist and astronomer.He was born in Paris, where he studied medicine and later became professor of mathematics.During this period he made two important discoveries.The first was that a pendulum always wings at the same time.The second was that bodies of different weights fall with the same speed.He made the second discovery by making an experiment from the leaning tower of Pisa.Galileo was one of the first men to look at the skies through a telescope.He discovered that the moon has mountains and valleys, that the Milky Way is made up of innumerable stars, and that Jupiter has four large satellites.He discovered sunspots and noticed that they move across the surface of the sun.In 1632 Galileo was condemned by the Inquisition because, like Copernicus, he had stated that the earth traveled round the sun.The Church's view then was that the earth was the center of the Universe.Galileo was tried by the Inquisition and forced to say he was wrong.He lived the rest of his life under house arrest.Comprehension Questions:

B.the moon has mountains and valleys.C.sunspots move across the surface of the earth.D.there are innumerable stars in the Milky Way.4.The Inquisition condemned Galileo because ______ A.what he said about the movement of the Earth didn't agree with the Church's view.B.he said that the Earth was the centre of the Universe.C.he liked Copernicus.D.he was wrong.5.As a result, Galileo ______ A.knew that he was wrong to say that the Earth was the centre of the Universe.B.knew that he was wrong to say that the sun was the centre of the Universe.C.lost his freedom.D.changed his view.(DDAAC)

5.Mozart, Well-known Austrian Composer

莫扎特—奧地利著名作曲家

莫扎特，奧地利作曲家，維也納古典樂派的代表人物。1756年1月27日生于薩爾茨堡，1791年12月5日卒于維也納，享年僅35歲。1762年，6歲的莫扎特在父親的帶領下到慕尼黑、維也納、普雷斯堡作了一次試驗性的巡回演出，獲得成功。莫扎特的短暫一生寫出了大量的音樂作品，體裁形式涉及到各個領域，留下了許多不朽的杰作。

Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus(1756-1791)was born in Salzburg, Austria.He had love for music when he was only three and took daily music lessonsfrom his father, a musical director.When he was five, he could not only play several musical instruments, but also had composed a number of short pieces of music.When he was seven he went with his family on a long music tour.Everywhere he went, he won great applause for his harpsichord, organ and violin playing.From the age of 13, he began to give concerts.In 1781, he moved to Vienna, where he met Haydn and they became great friends.This friendship proved to be important to both men, each learning a great deal from the other.Both composed their best music during the 10 years of their friendship, which ended only at Mozart’s early death.Comprehension Questions: 1.Mozart was born in ______ A.a rich family.B.a poor family.C.a musical family.D.a big family.2.Mozart was warmly welcomed everywhere he went because ______ A.he was very small.B.he had composed a number of short pieces of music.C.his father was a well-known musical director.D.he was very good at playing several musical instruments.3.If Mozart hadn’t made friends with Haydn ______ A.he wouldn’t have died so early.B.he couldn’t have composed such wonderful music as he really did.C.his music couldn't have received so much praise.D.his music would have become better than that of Haydn.4.Mozart’s health began to break because ______ A.he had worked too hard.B.he got too little money for the music that he had composed.C.his music was well received by the public.D.he had to support his family.

第二篇：2015年高中英語閱讀理解 第三部分 名人故事(二)練習

第三部分 名人故事

（二）6.Johann Strauss, Another Famous Austrian Composer 約翰?施特勞斯—另一位奧地利著名作曲家

約翰·施特勞斯，奧地利的輕音樂作曲家、指揮家、小提琴家。出生在維也納的一個音樂家庭，與父同名。小施特勞斯從小非常熱愛音樂，耳濡目染受到父親的音樂熏陶。他最著名的作品有《美麗的藍色多瑙河》、《藝術家的生涯》、《酒與女人之歌》、《維也納性情》、《維也納森林的故事》、《維也納糖果》和《春之聲》等120余首維也納圓舞曲，被譽為“圓舞曲之王”，其父老斯特勞斯被譽為“圓舞曲之父”。

Johann Strauss was born in Vienna in 1825.His father, a well-known musician, was a strange and moody man.He did not want any of his children to be musicians.He whipped young Johann because the boy insisted he should study music.At last, Johann left his family permanently.He felt sad about leaving the family because the wonderful music he always had with him at home was gone forever.The only good thing about the family separation, it seemed, was that young Johann would be free to study music.The dance called the waltz developed from a peasant dance in three-quarter time.The waltz became popular in Vienna, so it was only natural that Johann would be attracted to it.The orchestra Johann?s father had directed was prepared to break up when the elder Strauss suddenly died.Young Johann offered to take his father?s place.Most of the musicians questioned that a young man would expect to fill the shoes of a famous father.They did not take into consideration that the son already had an orchestra of his own which was becoming well known.Finally, one of the members persuaded the others to let the two orchestras be combined.Their first performance was a memorial concert played in his father?s honor.Soon Vienna was paying tributes to the son.He wrote such famous waltz as Tales form the Vienna Woods and the Beautiful Blue Danube, and his music is still played today.His waltzes are as beautiful and timely as when Strauss first wrote them.Comprehension Questions:

1.Johann Strauss left home permanently because ______ A.he felt sad.B.the wonderful music he always had at home was gone forever.C.he wanted to study music freely.D.he didn't want to learn music from his father.B.most musicians didn't believe that young Strauss' feet were as big as his father's.C.most of the musicians thought he was unable to do so.D.most of the musicians considered him able to do so.4.Johann directed the first performance of the newly combined orchestra ______ A.because people didn't believe his ability.B.because one of the members persuaded the others to let him direct the orchestra.C.in memory of his father.D.because he could enjoy the honor of his father.5.Tales from the Vienna Woods is ______ A.a collection of stories written by Johann Strauss.B.a piece of famous waltz by Johann Strauss.C.as good a story as The Beautiful Blue Danube.D.a piece of beautiful waltz written first by Johann Strauss.(CBCCB)7.Charles Chaplin, King of the Film World

查理?卓別林—電影之王

查理·卓別林，英國電影演員，導演和制片人。1889年4月16日生于倫敦，1977年12月25日卒于瑞士科西耶。從1919年開始，卓別林獨立制片，此后一生共拍攝80余部喜劇片，其中在電影史上著名的影片有《淘金記》、《城市之光》、《摩登時代》、《大獨裁者》、《凡爾杜先生》、《舞臺生涯》等。這些影片反映了卓別林從一個普通的人道主義者到一位偉大的批判現實主義藝術大師的過程。

More than one hundred years ago, in 1889, Charles Chaplin was born into the world.When a poor boy, he was often seen waiting outside the London theatres, hoping to get work in show business.His dream came true in the end.Chaplin became world-famous and almost a king in the world of the film.People everywhere have laughed at Chaplin?s film until tears ran down their faces.From his very first appearance they know what to expect from the little man with a black moustache, wide-open eyes, a round black hat and shoes too large for his feet.He will fight men who are twice his size and fall in love with women who hardly noticed him..” Comprehension Questions: 1.Where do you guess Chaplin was from? ______

A.The USA.B.England.C.France.D.Canada.2.Why did Chaplin wait outside the London theatres? ______ A.Because he wanted to see some plays.B.Because he was asked to do something in show business.C.Because he wanted to find work in show business.D.Because he wanted to be a film star.3.What did Chaplin like to do in films? ______ A.To act as a poor man.B.To get into trouble.C.To make stupid mistakes.D.To make people laugh.4.What should we do if we want to succeed according to Chaplin? ______ A.We must have a secret.B.We have to learn a lot of performing skills.C.We should trust ourselves.D.We should tell others how to succeed in life.5.Charles Chaplin was considered to be ______

A.the king over the world.B.a very funny actor in the film.C.the best actor in the film world of his day.D.the best film producer of the world.(BCACC)

8.Louis Braille, the Man Who Made It Possible

For the Blind to Read and Write 路易斯?布雷爾—他使盲人讀寫成為可能

At first people did not believe that the system of Louis Braille was possible or practical.One day a girl who had been blind since she was born played the piano beautifully at a concert.Everybody was pleased.Then the girl got up and said that the people should thank Louis Braille, who had made it possible for her to learn music and to play the piano.Some of Louis? friends went to his home to see him.He was sick in bed.They told him what had happened.Louis began to cry.He said, “This is the third time in my life that I have cried.First, when I became blind.Second, when I heard ?night writing?, and now because I know that my life has not been a failure.”

A few days latter Louis died.He was only 43 years old.Comprehension Questions:

1.The Braille system is made up of _______ A.dots

B.dashes.C.holes.D.letters.2.Louis Braille wrote a book using the “Braille” system _______ A.not long after he arrived at the system.B.long before he arrived at the system.C.long after he arrived at he system.D.because people didn?t believe his system.3.People began to believe that the Braille system was possible and practical as they ______ A.saw the blind girl play the piano beautifully.B.were asked to thank Louis Braille.C.were quite pleased with the blind girl.D.were told that the blind girl couldn?t have succeeded without the Braille system.4.For the third time Braille cried because he knew_______ A.some of his friends had come to see him.B.he was sick in bed.C.he had succeeded in his life.D.he would die in a few days.等人的名聲大，但他在藝術史上的位置卻不容忽視。他的“圖普醫生的解剖學課”系列雕塑為他贏得了世界聲譽。

Holland?s most famous artist was Rembrandt van Rijn.He was born in Leyden in 1609, and even at an early age his drawing was brilliant and his understanding of light and shade was unusual among the artists of his day.In 1631, he settled in Amsterdam and painted a group of portrait called The Anatomy Lesson of Doctor Tulp.It can be seen in the Mauritshuis Museum today.Rembrandt made a lot of money, but spent it just as quickly and was always in debt.His style, however, continued to mature and in 1634 he painted another group of portrait, known as The Night Watch.It is one of his finest works.The painting is now in the Rijn-museum in Amsterdam.After that, Rembrandt?s reputation began to fall.So did his eyesight and funds.His art, however, did not fall, and his greatest masterpieces were produced towards the end of his life.He died in 1669, after giving to the world 600 paintings, including his wonderful self-portrait, landscapes and religious work paintings that are among our greatest treasures.Comprehension Questions:

1.When Rembrandt was very young, ______ A.his drawing caused great admiration.B.people liked his brightness.C.he was an unusual artist of his day.D.he left Amsterdam.2.Rembrandt was always in debt because ______ A.he earned little money.B.he spent his money as quickly as he earned.C.he lent his money to his friends.D.he liked to borrow money from others.C.Rembrandt was at the height of art in 1934.D.Rembrandt?s art declined towards the end of his life.(ABBAA)

10.John Baird, Inventor of the First TV Set

約翰?貝爾德—電視機的發明者

貝爾德，出生在英國，電視機的發明者。1929年，英國廣播公司允許貝爾德公司開展公共電視廣播業務。1930年，他語出驚人，提出了“彩色電視系統”構圖。為此理想，百折不撓，頑強奮斗，終于在1941年12月測試成功。年僅56歲便與世長辭。他的堅忍不拔的科學家精神，為電視研發可以說鞠躬盡瘁，永懷世人心中。

An important thing can have a small beginning.The first television picture that was ever seen was not exciting.It was only a picture of a face, and the picture only traveled a few meters.But to the inventor, John Baird(1888-1946), it was wonderful.Baird had always been interested in science, but not all of his experiments had been successful.In 1900, when he was twelve, he and some friends built a private telephone system.It worked well, but one night a storm pulled down the wires.A man standing in the street was hurt by the falling wires, and the boys? telephone system had to be closed down.A few years later, Baird and a classmate built a plane, which they launched(with John in it)from a roof.Luckily, it fell on some grass, so John wasn?t badly hurt.After studying electrical engineering at the University of Glasgow, John Baird got a job in a power station that supplied electricity to the Clyde Valley in Scotland.When he used the power supply at the station for one of his experiments, all of the electricity in the Clyde Valley was cut off!That was the end of his job.At this time, one of Baird?s friends in Trinidad, Godfrey Harris, had often written to Baird about the wonderful climate there.Now John decided to go to live in Trinidad.When he arrived, Harris told him about a business idea that he had thought of.He said that he wanted to start a jam factory.Baird agreed, and they started the factory together.But, because they didn?t know anything about making jams, all kinds of terrible things happened.Some kinds of insects fell into the jam.Also, when they put the jam into the jars, it spoiled.Finally, Baird became ill and left Trinidad.15-year-old boy.In January 1926, members of the British Royal Institution came to see his invention.Happily, Baird?s demonstration was a success.Comprehension Questions:

1.Baird was interested in science ______

A.when he was studying at university.B.from his early childhood.C.only when was in his thirties.D.after he failed in a business.2.It took John Baird ______ to invent his television system.A.quite a long period B.almost three years C.no more than two years D.all his life 3.John Baird decided to go to Trinidad because ______

A.he had some inventions to make there.B.he wanted to go in for trade.C.he had jam factory to manage.D.the weather there was fine.

第三篇：2015年高中英語閱讀理解 第三部分 名人故事(五)練習

第三部分 名人故事

（五）21.Albert Einstein, a Great Scientific Thinker

艾伯特?愛因斯坦—偉大的科學思想家

艾伯特?愛因斯坦，舉世聞名的德裔美國科學家，現代物理學的開創者和奠基人。愛因斯坦的狹義相對論成功地揭示了能量與質量之間的關系，解決了長期存在的恒星能源來源的難題。近年來發現越來越多的高能物理現象，狹義相對論已成為解釋這種現象的一種最基本的理論工具。其廣義相對論也解決了一個天文學上多年的不解之謎，并推斷出后來被驗證了s的光線彎曲現象，還成為后來許多天文概念的理論基礎。大大推動了現代天文學的發展。

Albert Einstein(1879-1955)was one of the greatest and most original scientific thinkers of all time.Born of Jewish parents at Ulm in Germany, he completed his education in Switzerland and got his Ph.D.at the University of Zurich.He went to live in the United States in 1933 because of the rise of Nazism in Germany and Hitler’s persecution of the Jews.In 1905, while still at Zurich, he published his Special Theory of Relativity, which was based on things everyone may have noticed.If two trains are standing alongside each other and one train starts to move, a person sitting in the train may wonder whether his own train is moving or the other is moving, and before he finds out what is happening, he can see that one train is moving relative to the other.From this and also from other more complicated facts, Einstein came to the conclusion that all motion is relative and that there is really no such thing as absolute motion.Some of the other conclusions he drew are that nothing can go faster than light, and that if something such as a ruler was moving faster and faster it would seem to get shorter and shorter as its speed was near the speed of light.By 1915, Einstein had made known his General Theory of Relativity.He also improved on Newton’s theory of gravity.Most of his theories have been tested and found to be true though some may sound strange.For his important work he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.Towards the end of his life, Einstein was asked by a group of students to explain his complicated Theory of Relativity.He said, “When you sit with a pretty girl for an hour, it seems like a minute;but when you sit on a hot stove for a minute, it seems like an hour.That is relativity.” Comprehension Questions:

C.still in Switzerland at the age of twenty-six.D.still at the University of Zurich at the age of thirty-six.3.One of the conclusions drawn by Einstein is that ______ A.planes can go faster than trains and buses.B.people couldn't run as fast as vehicles.C.light goes the fastest of all things.D.two trains can never go at the same time.4.Einstein added that if something such as a ruler was moving, it would seem to get shorter and shorter ______ A.because the ruler itself was short.B.when it was moving faster and faster.C.because we can't see it clearly.D.because the ruler was broken into pieces.5.Albert Einstein was world-famous for his ______ A.Special Theory of Relativity.B.General Theory of Relativity.C.improving on Newton’s theory of gravity.D.all his work mentioned above.(DCCBD)

22.Madame Curie, the First Winner of Two Nobel Prizes

居里夫人—第一位兩次諾貝爾獎獲得者

居里夫人，波蘭裔法國籍女物理學家、放射化學家。一位影響過世界進程、偉大無私而又謙遜質樸的女性；在科學探索中堅毅刻苦、鍥而不舍并取得卓越非凡功績的人；第一位兩次諾貝爾獎獲得者；原子能時代的開創者之一。1903年和丈夫皮埃爾·居里及亨利·貝克勒爾共同獲得了諾貝爾物理學獎，1911年又因放射化學方面的成就獲得諾貝爾化學獎。

with another scientist, metallic radium.For this she received the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.So she was the first to get a second Nobel Prize.Comprehension Questions:

1.Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? ______ A.Madame Curie was a chemist and physicist.B.Warsaw is the capital of Poland.C.It was Marie’s father who had her interested in science.D.Marie Curie and Pierre Curie studied at the Sorbonne.2.According to Marie Curie’s report in 1898, ______ A.there was a new powerful radioactive element existing in some metal.B.the two elements polonium and radium existed in pitchblende ores.C.some new powerful radioactive elements might exist in pitchblende ores.D.she had found out the nature of uranium.3.The 1930 Nobel Prize for Physics was given to ______ A.Madams Curie.B.Pierre Curie.C.the Curies.D.the Curies and Becquerel.4.After husband’s death, Madame Curie ______ A.succeeded in becoming a professor of physics at Sorbonne.B.took his place and became a professor of physics at the Sorbonne.C.was a successful professor of physics at the Sorbonne.D.was successful as a professor of chemistry at the Sorbonne.5.Madame Curie was the first to ______ A.get a second Nobel Prize for Chemistry.B.win the Nobel Prize as a woman.C.win a second Nobel Prize.D.discover radioactivity.(DCDBC)

23.Abraham Lincoln, the 16 American President

亞伯拉罕?林肯—美國第16任總統

th

already left the Union;four more states would soon follow them.The start of the Civil War was only weeks away.Many people doubted Lincoln's ability to pull the Union together.He was then just a country lawyer.He had only a few years of schooling, and he had served one term in Congress.His only real fame came from a serious of debates over slavery.Lincoln's firm stand against slavery helped him win the Republican nomination for president.Lincoln did keep the Union together by the only way possible---winning the war.He slowly built the North's army into a powerful fighting force.By such acts as freeing the slaves, Lincoln won wide support.In 1865, he began his second term.He hoped to bring the South back into the Union without bitterness on either side.Six weeks later, he was murdered, his great task still unfinished.The following is detailed information about Lincoln’s death.On April 14, after a very busy day, the President and his wife went to see the performance of a play at Ford’s Theater in Washington.In an inn near the theater was a 25-year-old unsuccessful actor named John Wilkes Booth.He was a supporter of the defeated South.As the play was going to start again after the interval, Booth entered the theater and walked slowly towards the President’s box and opened the door.The sound of a shot broke in and Booth leaped from the box onto the stage and hurried out through an exit door.Smoke was seen coming from the President’s box and the theater was filled with shouting, madly excited people.Soldiers hurried in to clear the building, and Lincoln, shot through the head, was carried unconscious to a house across the road from the theater, and laid on the bed.He never recovered consciousness and died next morning.Comprehension Questions:

1.From the passage we know that James Buchanan was probably ______ A.Lincoln's political enemy.B.one of Lincoln's neighbors.C.the 15th American President.D.a minister of the White House.th

4.Lincoln's firm stand against slavery ______ A.made it possible for him to be elected President.B.made the Southern slave owners give up theirs.C.provided him with a chance to win the war.D.helped build up an army of his own.5.Lincoln's leading achievement as President was that ______ A.he worked for the people heart and soul.B.he was firmly against slavery.C.he reunited the nation and did away with slavery.D.he was a warm-hearted and honest man.(CBBAC)

24.Beethoven And His Moonlight Sonata

貝多芬和他的《月光鳴奏曲》

路德維希?凡?貝多芬（1770-1827），德國最偉大的音樂家之一。出生于德國波恩的平民家庭，很早就顯露了音樂才能，八歲開始登臺演出。1792年到維也納深造，藝術上突飛猛進。貝多芬信仰共和，崇尚英雄，創作了大量充滿時代氣息的優秀作品，如：交響曲《英雄》、《命運》；序曲《哀格蒙特》；鋼琴奏鳴曲《悲愴》、《月光曲》、《暴風雨》、《熱情》等等。晚年雖然耳聾但依舊堅持創作。貝多芬集古典音樂的大成，同時開辟了浪漫時期音樂的道路，對世界音樂的發展有著舉足輕重的作用，被尊稱為“樂圣”。

One moonlight evening Beethoven was walking in a street when he suddenly stopped outside a little house.“What is that? It is form my Sonata in F.How well it is played!”

Following a sudden break came the voice of sobbing.“I can’t play any more.This piece of music is so difficult to play.How I wish I could hear Beethoven himself play it!”

“Ah, my sister, but we are so poor, ”said a young man.“And the ticket to the concert is too expensive.”

Listening silently, the young man laid away his work.The girl, with her head bent slightly forward, and her hands pressed tightly over her breast, sat silently near the piano, lost in thought?

The brother and sister were fully attracted by the music.They both lost themselves in it.Beethoven rushed to the place there he was staying and spent a whole night writing down the piece of music he had played at the blind girl’s house.That was the origin of the Moonlight Sonata.Comprehension Questions:

1.The girl was playing ______ one evening.A.the violin B.the Moonlight Sonata C.a piece composed by herself D.a piece composed by Beethoven 2.From the story we know that the girl ______ A.was a musician.B.liked singing.C.loved music.D.could not see or hear.3.How did the girl learn to play? ______ A.She learned to play form Beethoven.B.She learned to play by listening to a neighbor play.C.She was taught to play by a woman teacher.D.She learned to play form her brother.4.Beethoven composed the Moonlight Sonata ______ A.on a night with the moonlight shining brightly.B.when he was walking in a street.C.on a dark evening without moonlight.D.before he met the blind young girl.5.Beethoven played the Moonlight Sonata ______ A.to the young man.B.to the moon.C.to the blind young girl.D.at a concert.(DCBAC)

For the first 19 months of her life, Helen Keller(1880-1968)was like other happy babies in every way.Then a sudden illness injured her eyes and ears.From then on, she could neither see nor hear.She did not even learn to talk when other children did.Think what that would be like!Such a world was full of darkness.You could not see all kinds of flowers and animals.You would not hear songs of a friend’s voice.You would not know what your friend looked like.This was Helen’s world---still and dark.There seemed to be no way to teach Helen.For a long time her parents did not know what to do for her.And then, when she was six years old, they sent for a teacher with the name Anne Sullivan, who was almost blind herself.She felt she could help Helen to learn to live like other children.Anne found it hard to teach Helen.The child was a wild thing!She cried and shouted in a strange voice.She always acted like a young animal, rushing around, throwing things, and hitting anyone she could reach.Indeed, this was a very difficult pupil for the young teacher.However, Anne was clever.And, in the end Helen came to love her.Anne began teaching with a kind of spelling that used the sense of touch.Several times each day, she would draw the letters of a word on Keller’s hand.Then she would put in the child’s hand the thing which was named by the word.A few weeks later Keller knew more than 100 words.As time went on, with Anne’s help, she could give talks and write books.Helen had grown to be a clever, busy woman.The wild young child had come to a long way!Comprehension Questions:

1.Helen Keller could not see or hear because ______ A.her parents themselves could not see or hear.B.she was born blind and deaf.C.her eyes and ears were injured by a sudden disease.D.there was nothing to see or hear around her.2.At first, because she couldn’t see or hear, Helen did not learn to ______ A.talk.B.walk.C.eat.D.shout.3.Helen was a very difficult pupil for the young teacher because ______ A.Anne was blind, too.B.Anne was not strict with the child.C.the child could not speak or hear.D.the child was so wild.

第四篇：高中英語作文表達練習一

高中英語作文表達練習一： 1.在這個問題上,大家意見不同.Different people have different ideas on this issue./Opinions are divided on this issue.2.60%的接受調查的學生反對收門票.According to the sunvey , 60% of the students interviewed are against the idea of entrance fees.3.另一方面, 40%的 學生認為應該收門票.On the other hand , 40%of the students think that the entrance ticket should be charged.4.簡言之, 學生對此未達成一致.In short , the students have not reached /arrived at /come to any agreement yet.5.最近, 我們班對北京動物園是否應該搬出城進行了熱烈的討論.Recently , our class have had a heated discussion about whether the zoo of Beijing should be moved out of the city.6.一些學生同意搬遷, 而另外一些同學反對搬遷.他們認為北京動物園有著100年的歷史.Some of the students are in favor of the move.However , other students are against the idea , saying that the Beijing Zoo has a history of 100 years, and is well known at and abroad.7.2005年5月18日, 第5屆全國圖書展開幕式在天津舉行.On May 18, 2005, the opening ceremony of the 15th National Book Fair was held in Tianjing.8.來自全國各地各行各業的6000多人出席了開幕式.More than 6000 people from all parts of China and all walks of life attended the ceremony.9.我國正在致力于構建和諧社會.我認為每個公民都有義務為實現這一目標而努力.Our govenment is aiming to build a narnonious society.I think it is every citizen's duty to work hard to achieve this goal.10.作為高中生, 我們應該怎么做呢? 首先, 我們應該..., 其次..., 最后..., 至于我自己, 我愿意....As a high / senior student , what should we do ? Firstly , we should....secondly....Thirdly....Personally / As for myself , I want to.../ I'd like to...作文表達翻譯練習(一)1.在這個問題上,大家意見不同.2.60%的接受調查的學生反對收門票.3.另一方面, 40%的 學生認為應該收門票.4.簡言之, 學生對此未達成一致.5.最近, 我們班對北京動物園是否應該搬出城進行了熱烈的討論.6.一些學生同意搬遷, 而另外一些同學反對搬遷.他們認為北京動物園有著100年的歷史.7.2005年5月18日, 第5屆全國圖書展開幕式在天津舉行.8.來自全國各地各行各業的6000多人出席了開幕式.9.我國正在致力于構建和諧社會.我認為每個公民都有義務為實現這一目標而努力.10.作為高中生, 我們應該怎么做呢? 首先, 我們應該..., 其次..., 最后..., 至于我自己, 我愿意....作文表達翻譯練習(二)1.我們從現在開始, 每時每刻不遺余力地努力.Let's staet right now and spare no effort to do a little bit every day , every hour and every minute.2.如圖所示, 1998年至2003年人們的飲食習慣有了很大的變化.The tale shows that there were great changes in people's diet from 1998 to 2003.3.主要有兩個原因導致這種變化.There are two main reasons for these changes.4.在城里生活有弊有利.There are both advantages and disadvanges in living in the city.5.再者, 運動可以使我們放松大腦,保證睡眠.In addition , doing sports can make our brains relaxed and enable us to have a good sleep every night.What's more , sports make our brains relaxed and enable us to have a good sleep every night 6.總之, 全身心地投入學習才是最重要的.In a word , nothing is more important than to devote ourselves to our study.joozone.com 7.隨著科技的發展, 人們與親戚之間問候的方式有了更廣泛的選擇.With the development of science and technologe , people have a wider choice of sending greeting to their friends and relatives.8.政府應該采取措施限制或禁止一次性木筷的生產以保護森林資源和環境.The govenment should take measures to limit or forbid producing the throw-away chopsticks to protect the forest resources and our evironment.9.圖書館開放的時間: 周一至周五, 早上九點到下午七點, 周末閉館.The library is open from 9:oo to 7:00 pm from Monday to Friday and closed at/on weekends.10.最近我們就高中生的閱讀興趣做了調查.Recently a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students.作文表達翻譯練習(二)1.我們從現在開始, 每時每刻不遺余力地努力.2.如圖所示, 1998年至2003年人們的飲食習慣有了很大的變化.3.主要有兩個原因導致這種變化.4.在城里生活有弊有利.5.再者, 運動可以使我們放松大腦,保證睡眠.6.總之, 全身心地投入學習才是最重要的.7.隨著科技的發展, 人們與親戚之間問候的方式有了更廣泛的選擇.8.政府應該采取措施限制或禁止一次性木筷的生產以保護森林資源和環境.9.圖書館開放的時間: 周一至周五, 早上九點到下午七點, 周末閉館。10.最近我們就高中生的閱讀興趣做了調查.作文表達翻譯練習(三)1.父母喜歡我們的陪伴而不是我們的禮物.It is our company not our gifts that our parents enjoy.2.我們應該盡可能地抽出時間陪伴父母.We should spare every moment we can to / in order to keep them company.3.只有這樣, 他們才能真正地盡享天倫之樂.Only in this way can they enjoy the real happiness in life.4.這是一副關于公民道德的漫畫.There is a cartoon about social morality behaviour.5.這副漫畫是想告訴我們有些人無視社會道德.The caetoon seems to warn us that some people ignore civic virtue in society.6.老實說, 我們中一些人養成了在公共場所亂扔垃圾, 隨地吐痰的壞習慣.Honestly speaking , some of us have got / formed /developed the habit of litering and spit everywhere /in public places.7.不幸的是, 我們還沒意識到這樣做是可恥的.Unfortunately , wm don't realize that the behaviour is shameful./ it is shameful to do so.8.我認為我們應該牢記, 我們每個人都應該努力建設良好的公民道德.Personally speaking , we should remember forever that we all should try our best to build the good morality.In my opinion , we should keep in mind that every one of us should do all we can to build up a sound civic virtue.9.你能看懂這副漫畫嗎? 讓我來告訴你.Do you understand this picture ? Let me tell you.10.我不贊成圖中那位母親的做法.I disagree with what the mother did in the picture.作文表達翻譯練習(三)1.父母喜歡我們的陪伴而不是我們的禮物.2.我們應該盡可能地抽出時間陪伴父母.3.只有這樣, 他們才能真正地盡享天倫之樂.4.這是一副關于公民道德的漫畫.5.這副漫畫是想告訴我們有些人無視社會道德.6.老實說, 我們中一些人養成了在公共場所亂扔垃圾, 隨地吐痰的壞習慣.7.不幸的是, 我們還沒意識到這樣做是可恥的.8.我認為我們應該牢記, 我們每個人都應該努力建設良好的公民道德.9.你能看懂這副漫畫嗎? 讓我來告訴你.10.我不贊成圖中那位母親的做法.作文表達翻譯練習(四)1.從圖中我們可以看到, 一對老兩口做在桌旁.In the picture , we can see an old couple sitting at the table.2.父母應該為孩子樹立好榜樣.他們應該關心孩子的身心健康.As the parents , they should set an good example for their children.And they should care for their children's health ,but also their mind.3.我們生活在社會大家庭里, 每個人都應該為共建和諧社會做貢獻.We live in the society which is a big family for all of us.Everyone shold make a contribution to building up a harmonuious society.4.我對這個故事感到深深地震驚.About the story , I got deeply shocked.5、作文地帶-帶翻譯的英語作文網 www.tmdps.cn your website.5.我們都視他為良師益友.We all regard / consider / treat / think of / look on / accept / take him not only as a teacher but also a friend.6.現在, 電腦游戲越來越受年輕人的喜歡.尤其是在校學生.就拿李華來說吧.At present , playing computer games is becoming more and more popular with young people , especially with school students.Take Li Hua for example.7.放學以后, 我們喜歡各種各樣的活動,體育,做實驗或網上沖浪.After school , we enjoy all kinds of activities , such as going for sports , doing experiments or surfing the Internet.8.在老師的帶領下, 我們在體育館門口集合.Under the guidance of the teacher , we gathered at the entrance of the standium.9.今天, 我成功了.我不僅挑戰了跑步運動員所需的體力和耐力, 我還懂得了, 愛拼才會贏的道理.Today , I was a success.Not only did I challenge the strenth and endurance that a runner needed but also I learned that trying my best would really made difference.10.他的英勇行為在會上受到表揚.At the meeting , he is commended by his heroic behaviour.He was praised for his brave deed at the meeting.joozone.com

作文表達翻譯練習(四)1.從圖中我們可以看到, 一對老兩口做在桌旁.2.父母應該為孩子樹立好榜樣.他們應該關心孩子的身心健康.3.我們生活在社會大家庭里, 每個人都應該為共建和諧社會做貢獻.4.我對這個故事感到深深地震驚.5.我們都視他為良師益友.6.現在, 電腦游戲越來越受年輕人的喜歡.尤其是在校學生.就拿李華來說吧.7.放學以后, 我們喜歡各種各樣的活動,體育,做實驗或網上沖浪.作文地帶提供翻譯 8.在老師的帶領下, 我們在體育館門口集合.9.今天, 我成功了.我不僅挑戰了跑步運動員所需的體力和耐力, 我還懂得了, 愛拼才會贏的道理.10.他的英勇行為在會上受到表揚.作文表達翻譯練習(五)1.近年來, 越來越多的人擁有手機.1995年, 只有1％的人有手機．

More and more people have mobiles in recent years.In 1995, only one person in a hundred had a mobile phone.2.1997年, 手機用戶是1995年的10倍.In 1997, the number os the people who had mobile phones was ten times as many as in 1995.3.手機用戶增長的原因有幾個.一..., 二..., 三....There are several reasons for the increase of the the number of people having mobible phones.Firstly...,.Secondly....Thirdly...4.現在, 上網是各行各業的必須掌握的技能.Today , surfing the Internet seems to be a must to people from all walks of life.5.最近, 我就上網目的對班上的30名男生, 30名女生進行了調查.I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my class about theri purpose of getting on the Internet.6.有來自湖北省10所學校的1000名學生接受了調查.In this survey , one thousand senior middle school students from 10 schools in Hubei Province were interviewed.7.調查表明, 半數以上的學生最喜歡讀新聞.The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most.8.然而, 喜歡科普文章的學習人數兩倍于喜歡有關學習方法的學生人數.However , the number of the students who enjoy reading popular science articiles doubles that of those who like reading articles about learning methods.9.直到那時, 我才明白什么是值得羨慕的.對于年輕人是最重要的.我于是下定決心更加努力學習.It was not until then that I realized what was worth admiring and what was the most important for young people.So I am determined to studey harder.10.因此, 我們應該珍惜每一分錢, 以示對父母辛勤勞動的尊敬.Hence , we shall treasure every penny to show respect to put parents ' diligent work.作文表達翻譯練習(五)1.近年來, 越來越多的人擁有手機.1995年, 只有1％的人有手機 2.1997年, 手機用戶是1995年的10倍.3.手機用戶增長的原因有幾個.一..., 二..., 三....4.現在, 上網是各行各業的必須掌握的技能.5.最近, 我就上網目的對班上的30名男生, 30名女生進行了調查.6.有來自湖北省10所學校的1000名學生接受了調查.7.調查表明, 半數以上的學生最喜歡讀新聞.8.然而, 喜歡科普文章的學習人數兩倍于喜歡有關學習方法的學生人數.9.直到那時, 我才明白什么是值得羨慕的.對于年輕人是最重要的.我于是下定決心更加努力學習.10.因此, 我們應該珍惜每一分錢, 以示對父母辛勤勞動的尊敬.

第五篇：大學語文記敘文部分練習(一)

記敘文部分練習

（一）《馮諼客孟嘗君》

一、詞語解釋 1．過其友曰：“孟嘗君客我” 過 2．孟嘗君曰：“客何好?” 好： 3.孟嘗君固辭不往也 固辭： 4.孟嘗君怪其疾也 疾： 5．孟嘗君不說，曰：“諾，先生休矣。” 說：

6、責畢收，以何市而反 反

二、選擇題

1.“狡兔三窟”這一成語出自()A.《垓下之圍》 B.《馮諼客孟嘗君》C.《前赤壁賦》 D.《張中丞傳后敘》 2．《馮諼客孟嘗君》中，馮諼再三彈鋏而歌的主要目的是（）A．我行我素，張揚個性 B．不平則鳴，不甘人后 C．照顧家庭，贍養母親 D．探求知己，以展懷抱

3、下列不是孟嘗君的性格特點的是 A．深謀遠慮 B．目光短淺 C．禮賢下士 D．心胸寬廣

4、馮諼的性格特點是 A．深謀遠慮 B．報效知己 C．禮賢下士 D．貪得無厭

5、“狡兔三窟”是指

A.廣納門客B.彈鋏而歌C.燒券市義 D.游說梁國 E.立宗廟于薛

三、問答題

談談你對馮諼為孟嘗君營造三窟的看法

四、閱讀

37.閱讀《馮諼客孟嘗君》中的一段文字，回答問題： 左右以君賤之也，食以草具。居有頃，倚柱彈其劍，歌曰：“長鋏歸來乎!食無魚。”左右以告。孟嘗君曰：“食之，比門下之客。”居有頃，復彈其鋏，歌曰：“長鋏歸來乎!出無車。”左右皆笑之，以告。孟嘗君曰：“為之駕，比門下車客。”于是乘其車，揭其劍，過其友，曰：“孟嘗君客我。”后有頃，復彈其劍鋏，歌曰：“長鋏歸來乎!無以為家。”左右皆惡之，以為貪而不知足。孟嘗君問：“馮公有親乎?”對曰：“有老母。”孟嘗君使人給其食用，無使乏。于是馮諼不復歌。

A.馮諼再三彈鋏而歌的真正目的是什么? B.從刻畫馮諼形象看，文中的“左右”“賤之”、“笑之”、“惡之”有何作用? C.文中孟嘗君的性格特征是什么?

《垓下之圍》

一、詞語解釋

1.然今卒困于此，此天之亡我，非戰之罪也

卒： 2.期山東為三處

期：山東 3.愿王孰圖之也

孰圖

4．所擊者服，未嘗敗北 敗北 5．騎皆伏曰：“如大王言。”伏：

6、項王自度不得脫 度

二、選擇題

1.《垓下之圍》中，表現項羽“身死東城，尚不覺悟，而不自責”的細節描寫是（）A.“虞兮虞兮”的慷慨悲歌? B.“天之亡我”的三次呼告 C.嗔目叱退漢將赤泉侯? D.將寶馬贈給烏江亭長 2.從《垓下之圍》中，引申而成的成語有（）

A.四面楚歌B.以五十步笑百步C.羞見江東父老 D.霸王別姬 E.項莊舞劍，意在沛公

3．《垓下之圍》中項羽“羞見江東父老”的直接原因是（）A．“天之亡我，我何渡為”B．“八千人渡江而西，今無一人還” C．“時不利兮騅不逝” D．“背關懷楚，放逐義帝而自立” 4《垓下之圍》中細節描寫是

A.霸王別姬B.彈鋏而歌C.東城快戰 D.愧見江東父老 E.嗔目退敵數里

5、項羽悲劇英雄性格特征是

A.無可奈何B.勇猛無敵C.知恥重義 D.寧死不屈 E.至死不知失敗原因

三、問答題

結合太史公曰，談談你對項羽失敗的看法

四、閱讀

《張中丞傳后敘》

一、詞語解釋

1．以千百就盡之卒，戰百萬日滋之師 就盡 日滋： 2.戰百萬日滋之師 師：

3．吾歸破賊，必滅賀蘭，此矢所以志也。志： 4.擅強兵坐而觀者 擅強兵：

5.強留之，具食與樂，延霽云坐。延： 6.二公之賢，其講之精矣。

講：

7.巡就戮時，顏色不亂，陽陽如平常。陽陽：

二、選擇題

1.在《張中丞傳后敘》中，當南霽云抽刀斷指時，“一座大驚，皆感激為云泣下”，對刻畫南霽云的形象來說，這里所運用的表現方法是()A.正面描寫 B.側面描寫C.心理描寫 D.行為描寫

2.引繩而絕之，其絕必有處。觀者見其然，從而尤之，其亦不達于理矣。尤：

3、在《張中丞傳后敘》“以千百就盡之卒，戰百萬日滋之師”的句子中運用的修辭手法和表現手法是（）

A、對偶和對比 B、對偶和反襯 C、排比和對比 D、比喻和暗示 4.《張中丞傳后敘》在寫作上的最大特色是()A、抒情和議論并重 B、議論和敘事并重 C、敘事和抒情并重 D、敘事和描寫并重 5.《張中丞傳后敘》寫張巡“就戮”時，“顏色不亂，陽陽如平常”，這種人物描寫方法是()A.肖像描寫 B.行為描寫 C.言語描寫 D.心理描寫

6．在《張中丞傳后敘》中，韓愈駁斥“城之陷，自遠所分始，以此詬遠”的謬論時，所用的比喻有（）A.“當其圍守時，外此蚍蜉蟻子之援” B.“擅強兵坐而觀者，相環也” C.“人之將死，其臟腑必有先受其病者” D.“引繩而絕之，其絕必有處” E.“以千百就盡之卒，戰百萬日滋之師”

7.《張中丞傳后敘》中提到人們建立“雙廟”所紀念的兩位堅守睢陽城的英難是()A.張巡和南霽云 B.南霽云和許遠C.許遠和張巡 D.張巡和于嵩

8.《張中丞傳后敘》中，作者補記許遠的事跡，采用的方法是（）A.立論中補記

B.記敘中補記 C.駁論中補記

D.抒情中補記

9.《張中丞傳后敘》中，拔刀斷指、抽矢射塔的人物是（）

A.張巡

B.南霽云

C.許遠

D.于嵩

10．下列《張中丞傳后敘》中的典型事例，用來刻畫許遠形象的是（）A．背誦《漢書》 B．為國讓賢C．拔刀斷指D．抽矢射塔 11.城中居人戶，亦且數萬 且： 《張中丞傳后敘》：“愈貞元中過泗州，船上人猶指以相語”。“指以相語”的是（）A．于嵩讀《漢書》事 B．南霽云抽矢射佛塔事 C．張巡慷慨就戮事 D．南霽云拔刀斷指事 12南霽云的性格特征

A.寬厚謙和B.從容鎮定C.驍勇善戰 D.嫉惡如仇 忠貞剛烈

四、閱讀

兩家子弟材智下，不能通知二父志，以為巡死而遠就虜，疑畏死而辭服于賊。遠誠畏死，何苦守尺寸之地，食其所愛之肉，以與賊抗而不降乎？當其圍守時，外無蚍蜉蟻子之援，所欲忠者，國與主耳。而賊語以國亡主滅。遠見救援不至，而賊來益眾，必以其言為信。外無待而猶死守，人相食且盡，雖愚人亦能數日而知死處矣。遠之不畏死亦明矣。這段文字所駁斥的謬論是什么 用了什么論證方法 概括文中的主要論據

《種樹郭橐駝傳》

一、詞語解釋

1.故吾不害其長而已，非有能碩茂之也。碩茂之：

2、能順木之天，以致其性焉爾。致其性 3.駝業種樹。業種樹： 4．養其根而俟其實。俟：

5.早繅 而 緒，早織而縷。而： 6．隆然伏行 伏行：

7．甚者爪其膚以驗其生枯 爪其膚

二、選擇題

1.《種樹郭橐駝傳》中的主要類比關系有()a.郭橐駝與“長人者” b.種樹與治民 c.“他植者”種樹方法與郭橐駝種樹方法 d.種樹“愛之太殷，憂之太勤”，與“長人者好煩其令” e.“木之性日以離”，與老百姓“病且怠” 2.《種樹郭橐駝傳》中，橐駝種樹的基本原理是（）A.其本欲舒，其培欲平

B.勿動勿慮，去不復顧 C.其蒔若子，其置若棄

D.順木之天，以致其性 3．柳宗元《種樹郭橐駝傳》所表達的根本思想是（）A．“順民之天”以治國B．反對輟飧饔以勞吏 C．種樹要“順木之天” D．十年樹木，百年樹人

4.《種樹郭橐駝傳》中闡述種樹的原理和方法時采用的主要表現方法是（）A.象征 B.類比 C.對比D.鋪墊

三、問答題

概括本文的中心思想

四、閱讀

然吾居鄉，見長人者好煩其令，若甚憐焉，而卒以禍。旦暮吏來而呼曰：‘官命促爾耕，勖爾植，督爾獲，蚤繅而緒，蚤織而縷，字而幼孩，遂而雞豚。’鳴鼓而聚之，擊木而召之。吾小人輟飧饔以勞吏者，且不得暇，又何以蕃吾生而安吾性邪？故病且怠。1這里揭露了怎樣的社會弊端？造成了怎樣的社會危害？ 2體現了怎樣的治國思想？ 3運用了怎樣的表現方法？

《趙武靈王胡服騎射》

一、詞語解釋

趙武靈王北略中山之地 略 從政有經，令行為上： 蠻夷之所則效也 則效

明德先論于賤 明德 賤

愿王孰圖之也

孰圖：深思熟慮； 從政有經，令行為上 有經：

先時中山負齊之強兵，侵暴吾地 負：

二、選擇題

1.《趙武靈王胡服騎射》所體現的歷史文化意義有（）

A.戰爭形式由車戰變為“騎射”

B.古代各民族之間的交流與融合 C.思想文化方面的一次改革

D.開拓疆土觀念的重要性

E.君臣協商一致才能成功 2．《趙武靈王胡服騎射》所描述的中心事件是（）A．趙武靈王胡服騎射北略中山之地 B．趙武靈王招兵買馬訓練胡服騎射 C．趙武靈王與肥義謀劃胡服騎射 D．趙武靈王就胡服騎射事說服公子成

三、問答題

趙武靈王胡服騎射令為什么能夠成功推行？

四、閱讀

35．閱讀《趙武靈王胡服騎射》中一段文字： 王自往請之，曰：“吾國東有齊、中山，北有燕、東胡，西有樓煩、秦、韓之邊。今無騎射之備，則何以守之哉?先時中山負齊之強兵，侵暴吾地，系累吾民，引水圍鄗；微社稷之神靈，則鄗幾于不守也，先君丑之。故寡人變服騎射，欲以備四境之難，報中山之怨。而叔順中國之俗，惡變服之名，以忘鄗事之丑，非寡人之所望也。”公子成聽命，乃賜胡服，明日服而朝。于是始出胡服令，而招騎射焉。請回答：

A．這里記敘了趙武靈王堅持推行胡服騎射的哪一個舉措？ B．這里塑造人物形象采用了何種描寫手法？ C．趙武靈王推行胡服騎射的主要原因是什么？

37.閱讀《趙武靈王胡服騎射》中的一段文字，回答問題：

趙武靈王北略中山之地，至房子，遂至代，北至無窮，西至河，登黃華之上。與肥義謀胡服騎射以教百姓，曰：“愚者所笑，賢者察焉。雖驅世以笑我，胡地、中山，吾必有之！”遂胡服。

A.趙武靈王為什么要“胡服騎射”？

B.說明“愚者所笑，賢者察焉”的表現作用。C.這里運用了怎樣的人物描寫方法？ 《前赤壁賦》

一、詞語解釋

客有吹洞簫者，倚歌而和之。

倚歌： 挾飛仙以遨游，抱明月而長終。長終：

相與枕藉乎舟中，不知東方之既自。? 枕藉： 浩浩乎如馮虛御風 馮虛御風： 舉酒屬客 屬：

蘇子愀然，正襟危坐而問客曰：?? 正襟危坐： 泣孤舟之嫠婦：

山川相繆，郁乎蒼蒼 繆 郁乎蒼蒼 哀吾生之須臾

須臾：片刻； 侶魚蝦而友麋鹿。侶魚蝦：

二、選擇題

1.在《前赤壁賦》中，蘇子認為“惟江上之清風，與山間之明月，耳得之而為聲，目遇之而成色；取之無禁，用之不竭”。這里是想表達（）

A.自然界的廣博 B.造物者的萬能C.消極無為的心態 D.積極曠達的心境

2、《前赤壁賦》行文的內在線索是（）

A、時間的推移 B、感情的變化 C、事理的邏輯 D、想象的展開

3.下列成語，見于《前赤壁賦》的有（）

A.馮虛御風B.正襟危坐C.望洋興嘆

D.分崩離析E.杯盤狼藉

4．蘇軾《前赤壁賦》借以抒情、說理的主要景物有（）A.明月 B.江水 C.扁舟 D.清風 E.白露

5.《前赤壁賦》所體現的文賦的特點有()A.主客問答，抑客伸主 B.語句駢儷，對仗工整C.駢散相間，靈活自然 D.句句押韻，一韻到底E.用韻自由，時疏時密

6.《前赤壁賦》繼承和發展的賦體的傳統手法主要是（）

A.鋪張揚厲

B.夸飾渲染

C.主客問答

D.駢儷對偶 7．《前赤壁賦》中，作者借以抒情說理的主要景物是（）A．江水、明月、扁舟 B．江水、明月、清風 C．明月、清風、洞簫 D．江水、清風、白露 8.《前赤壁賦》全文展開的內在線索是（）

A.感情的變化

B.邏輯的演繹

C.時間的推移

D.想象的展開 9.《前赤壁賦》“主客對話”中，“客”的主要情感傾向是（）A.功名難就 B.樂觀曠達 C.人生無常 D.適意自然 10．《前赤壁賦》所繼承的賦體傳統表現手法是（）A．句句駢偶 B．主客對話 C．借景抒情D．通篇押韻

三、問答題

本文表現了蘇軾怎樣的人生態度？

四、閱讀

客亦知夫水與月乎？逝者如斯，而未嘗往也；盈虛者如彼，而卒莫消長也。蓋將自其變者而觀之，而天地曾不能一瞬；自其不變者而觀之，則物于我皆無盡也。而又何羨乎？

1、這段文字闡發了什么哲理 作者闡發哲理針對的是什么

3、為什么說這里的水與月是例證又是喻證 這段說理的特點是什么

作者是怎樣化抽象為具體的

《先妣事略》

一、詞語解釋

孺人中夜覺寢 覺寢：

燈火熒熒，每至夜分 熒熒 夜分 年十六來歸 歸 期而生有光 期 無一字齟齬 齟齬

室靡棄物，家無閑人 靡

二、選擇題

1.《先妣事略》中母親形象的特征有（）A.勤勞儉樸

B.健康長壽 C.待人寬厚

D.教子嚴格 E.爽朗豁達 2．《先妣事略》的主要人物描寫方法是（）A．肖像描寫B．細節描寫 C．語言描寫 D．心理描寫

三、問答題

《先妣事略》表達了作者對母親怎樣的思想感情？ 本文的敘事特色是什么

四、閱讀

35.閱讀《先妣事略》中的一段文字：

孺人之吳家橋，則治木棉。入城，則緝纑，燈火熒熒，每至夜分。外祖不二日使人問遺。孺人不憂米鹽，乃勞苦若不謀夕。冬月爐火炭屑，使婢子為團，累累暴階下。室靡棄物，家無閑人。兒女大者攀衣，小者乳抱，手中紉綴不輟。戶內灑然。遇僮奴有恩，雖至棰楚，皆不忍有后言。吳家橋歲致魚蟹餅餌，率人人得食。家中人聞吳家橋人至，皆喜。A.這里表現出孺人怎樣的性格特征? B.這段文字有什么語言特點?對表達情感有什么作用? C.這里運用了怎樣的人物描寫方法?達到了什么效果?

《馬伶傳》

一、詞語解釋

迨半奏，引商刻羽，抗墜疾徐，并稱善也。抗墜疾徐： 我聞今相國昆山顧秉謙者，嚴相國儔也。儔：

其夜，華林部過馬伶曰：??過：

夫其以李伶為絕技，無所干求，乃走事昆山?? 事： 迨半奏，引商刻羽，抗墜疾徐，并稱善也。迨：.遍征金陵之貴客文人 征：

子又安從授之而掩其上哉 安從授之 掩其上

坐客乃西顧而嘆，或大呼命酒，或移坐更近之 西顧更 無慮數十輩無慮

二、選擇題

1.《馬伶傳》中寫馬伶與李伶的第一次技藝較量屬于 A.環境描寫 B.場面描寫 C.行為描寫 D.細節描寫

2.《馬伶傳》一文的關鍵情節是()a.馬伶與李伶的第一次技藝較量 b.馬伶與李伶的第二次技藝較量 c.馬伶偷以當朝宰相顧秉謙為師 d.華林部夜訪馬伶相與羅拜而去 3．《馬伶傳》一文在敘述方式上的顯著特點是（）

4.下列作品中，包含場面描寫的有（）

A.《李將軍列傳》 B.《馬伶傳》 C.《香市》 D.《兵車行》 E.《鄭伯克段于鄢》

5.《馬伶傳》的中心意旨是（）

A.反映當時金陵梨園的激烈競爭 B.諷刺當朝宰相顧秉謙 C.敘述名演員馬伶一生經歷 D.贊揚馬伶深入生活、精益求精的精神

6．《馬伶傳》：“詢其故，蓋馬伶恥出李伶下，已易衣遁矣。”這里使用的人物描寫方法是（）A．語言描寫 B．細節描寫 C．行為描寫 D．肖像描寫 7.下列《馬伶傳》語句中屬于場面描寫的有（）A.梨園以技鳴者，無慮數十輩

B.迨半奏，引商刻羽，抗墜疾徐，并稱善也 C.蓋馬伶恥出李伶下，已易衣遁矣 D.李伶忽失聲，匍匐前稱弟子 E.坐客乃西顧而嘆，或大呼命酒，或移坐更進之，首不復東

三、問答題

作者寫本文的主觀動機是什么

四、閱讀

其夜，華林部過馬伶曰：“子，天下之善技也，然無以易李伶。李伶之為嚴相國，至矣。子又安從授之而掩其上哉？”馬伶曰：“固然。天下無以易李伶，李伶即又不肯授我。我聞今相國某者，嚴相國儔也。我走京師，求為其門卒三年，日侍相國于朝房，察其舉止，聆其語言，久乃得之。此吾之所為師也。”華林部相與羅拜而去。

1、概括此段大意

2、馬伶獲勝的原因是什么

3、通過馬伶之口交代他拜顧為師的事實有什么好處

4、這里諷刺了什么人 《西湖七月半》

一、詞語解釋

31.不舟不車，不衫不幘：

34．轎夫叫船上人，怖以關門 怖： 34．弱管輕絲，竹肉相發： 燈火優傒優傒

轎夫擎燎，列俟岸上擎俟 峨冠盛筵峨冠

二、選擇題

1．下列《西湖七月半》語句中使用了排比句式的是（）A．名娃閨秀，攜及童孌，笑啼雜之，環坐露臺 B．名妓閑僧，淺斟低唱，弱管輕絲，竹肉相發 C．不舟不車，不衫不幘，酒醉飯飽，呼群三五 D．人聲鼓吹，如沸如撼，如魘如囈，如聾如啞

2．下列《西湖七月半》文句中具有諷刺意味的是（）A．名妓閑僧，淺斟低唱 B．巳出酉歸，避月如仇 C．匿影樹下者 D．或逃囂里湖

三、問答題 《西湖七月半》“西湖七月半，一無可看，可看七月半之人”開頭對全文有何作用？ 分析穩重杭人游湖與吾輩賞月構成的對比情景

四、閱讀

小船輕幌，凈幾暖爐，茶鐺旋煮，素瓷靜遞，好友佳人，邀月同坐，或匿影樹下，或逃囂里湖，看月而人不見其看月之態，亦不作意看月者，看之。

1、這里描寫的對象是哪類人？

2、其看月的心態如何

3、作者對他們的態度如何