第一篇：上海中考英語語法重點整理

中考語法整理

be busy doing sth.例題：Look!This new couple are busy _________ their new flat.A.decorating

B.to decorate

C.decorates

D.decorate

2．tell sb to do sth.例題：He told Laura to take care of ___________.Don’t be too busy.A.she

B.her

C.hers

D.herself

例題：Father often tells Tom ___________ too much time playing video games.A)don't spend

B)to not spend

C)not to spend

D)doesn't spend

3．keep/make sth.+ adj.例題The head teacher asked all the students to help keep the school _______..A.cleanly

B.clean

C.clear

D.clearly 例題Let's do something together to keep our Earth ___________.(save)

4.find it + adj.to do sth.例題The old man at th6 bus stop found it difficult for him to ___________ the crowded bus.A)get up

B)get on

C)get off

D)get along

5.It is + adj.for sb.to do sth.It is important for us to ___________ our friendship.(strong)It's ___________ for a boy of four to work out such a difficult problem.(possible)

6.so … that…

The girl was so ___________ that she hid herself behind the door.(frighten)

7.some…..some 句型

一些。。。另一些。。

例題We can see many old people on the playground every morning.Some are miming and ____________ are dancing, A)other

B)the other

C)others

D)the others

8．Sth looks +adj

看起來怎么樣。。。

例題The comic strip looks very ____________ and is warmly welcomed by children.A)nicely

B)widely

C)beautifully

D)lovely 9．Prefer A to B / prefer to doing A to doing B

Because of the rain, I prefer ____________ at home to ____________.A)staying...hiking

B)stay...hiking C)stay...hike

D)staying...hike

10．四個花費

sb.spend some time/some money on sth./(in)doing sth.It takes sb.some time to do sth.It cost sb.some money to do sth./ sth.cost sb.some money sb pays some money for sth.例題一Tom purchased a new MP5 last week.it ____________ him nearly 600 yuan.A)paid

B)spent

C)used

D)cost

例題二vThe cell phone ____________ him ￥2000 and he likes it very much.A)cost

B)spent

C)paid

D)took

11．need to do sth need do sth You ____________ worry about difficulties.We will all help you.A)needn't

B)needn't to

C)don't need

D)not need

12.what+ a/an+ 形容詞+名詞

How +形容詞+a/an +名詞

例題一__________ beautiful car you have boughs!

A)What

B)What a

C)What an

D)How 例題二___________ great advice our class teacher has given!A.What

B.What a

C.How

D.How a

13．Seem +adj 或者It seems to sb.that

例題The food is delicious at this hotel, but the service seems ___________.A.good

B.well

C.poor

D.poorly

14．V+doing 句型

Practise/enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/go on + doing sth.例題Lily is eager to become a famous musician one day, so she practises ___________ the piano every day.A.plays

B.play

C.to play

D.playing

15.since 句型

例題一Macao ___________ great progress since it returned to China in 1999.A.made

B.makes

C.has made

D.was made

例題二People ___________ the virus of H1NI since the early of last year.A)studied

B)have studied

C)will study

D)had studied

16．Teach sb sth

Professor White will teach ___________ geography next term.A)us

B)we

C)ours

D)ourselves

17．used to do sth./ be(get)used to sth./doing sth.例題一I ___________ watch TV a lot, but now I surf the Internet all day long.A)use

B)am used to

C)use to

D)used to 例題二As we all know, wood and stones ____________ bridges in many countries.A)used to build

B)used to building C)are used to build

D)are used to building

18．If引導的時間狀語從句

例題一He will pick you up for dinner if he ___________ his work before six o'clock.A)finish

B)will finish

C)finished

D)finishes

例題二If it ____________ tomorrow, we won't go on a trip to Shanghai Wild Animal Park.A)rains

B)rain

C)will rain

D)raining

19．had better(not)do sth.例題一You'd better ___________ late next time.You can leave a bit earlier.A)be not

B)don't be

C)not to be

D)not be 例題二You're getting fatter and fatter, you'd better ____________ enough exercise.A)take

B)to take

C)taking

D)took

20.be dead 表示死亡的狀態

Though Ba Jin has been ___________ for four years, he still lives in people's hearts.(death)

21．比較級句型

…is one of the + 最高級 + n(pl)… 最……之一 比較級+than

例題一Now China has become one of ____________ countries in the world.A)most strong

B)the most strong

C)strongest

D)the strongest

例題二Computers can work out the difficult problems ____________ than human beings.A)much quickly

B)more quick

C)far more quickly D)very quickly

22.有關thousands / hundreds of 和hundred, thousand數詞句型

例題一____________ people gave money and clothes to the homeless people through the Red Cross.A)Thousand

B)Thousands

C)Thousand of

D)Thousands of 例題二Gong Yangling from Harbin in china has remembered over 15 ____________ telephone numbers.A)thousand

B)thousands

C)thousand of

D)thousands of 例題三It is said that two _______ students are going to enter the contest this Sunday afternoon.A.thousand

B.thousands

C.thousand of

D.thousands of

23．Must…….? 疑問句

例題一---Must 1 finish writing the article right now?

---No, you ____________.You can finish it tomorrow.A)may

B)must

C)needn't

D)can't

例題二A: Must I finish my homework right now ?

B: No, you ____________.You can relax for a while.A)must

B)mustn't

C)need

D)needn't

24．As……as

例題一The little girl looks as ______ as a Barbie Doll.A)lovely

B)beautifully

C)sweetly

D)carefully 例題二Nowadays science fiction isn’t as ________ as cartoons among teenagers.A.popular

B.more popular

C.less popular

D.the most popular 25．As soon as引導的時間狀語從句

I’ll give the message to her as soon as she ________.A.is returning

B.returns

C.will return

D.returned 26．Or 和and 引導的祈使句

例題一Work harder, ________ you’ll make greater progress in your English study.A.but

B.or

C.for

D.and 例題二Mind your steps as you go, _________ you’ll fall down onto the wet ground.A.and

B.but

C.or

D.so

27．Let/make sb do sth

The woman feels that she should let her son _______ his own decision this time.A.makes

B.make

C.to make

D.making

28.Let’s ……, shall we 的反義疑問句

Let’s go and join them in the football match.(改為反意疑問句)Let’s go and join them in the football match, __________ _________?

29．Be familiar with / be familiar to

Xintiandi in Shanghai is now familiar ________ many foreigners.A.on

B.with

C.from

D.to

30．When /while 引導的時間狀語從句

.I _________ dinner at my friend's house when you called me yesterday evening.A.had

B.have had

C.was having

D.are having

第二篇：廣州 初三 重點英語語法

演講稿 工作總結 調研報告 講話稿 事跡材料 心得體會 策劃方案

廣州 初三 重點英語語法

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初三（初三（上）總復習資料 If winter comes, can spring be far behind?

一．非謂語動詞

一． 1.To do 用法

（to do, doing, do）

（2）常用 it： It is important to learn English well.常用(3)賓補：Please ask Li Lei to clean the room.Allow, teach, help(或 help sb do), invite, advise, encourage, would like, refuse, persuade 等(4)與疑問詞連用：what，where, when, how, which 等 與疑問詞連用：，I hardly know what to say.I want to know how to go to the nearest bus station.二． do 1.2.3.4.情態動詞：can, may, must, should , ought to ?..had better do I can do it by myself.You’d better washed your teeth before getting to bed.why not do sth.= why don’t you do sth.Would you please do sth.主要感官詞和使役動詞后面, 被動要添 to 感官詞 hear, find see, watch, notice sb do sth doing sth.經常做/ 看到整個過程 正在做

（1）

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演講稿 工作總結 調研報告 講話稿 事跡材料 心得體會 策劃方案

They usually see Jack shout in the classroom.I saw a hen lying on the ground on my way home an hour ago.(2)使役動詞 make/ let/ have + sb do sth 使某人做某事 注意其他考點：(1)make sb.+ adj His words made me laugh= His words made me happy(2)Let 反義疑問句 Let’ s do sth, shall we? Let us do sth, will you?（3）have Have sb do sth Have sth.done 使某人做某事 He has me do my work.使某事被某人做 He has my work done(by me)

三． doing 1.2.3.句首，句首，作主語 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.V+ V-ing I enjoy swimming in the summer.enjoy, mind, finish, suggest, be busy, feel like, avoid, admit, practice 介詞+ V ：for, with, without, in, on, off, out, inside, before, about, off? 注意：look forward to doing, be used to doing 四． Stop Doing 和 do 意思不同(記住 to 是“去”意思)to do 停下來，去做另一件事 doing 停止正在做的事 Forget to do 忘記去做某事（沒做的事）doing 忘記已經做的事 Remember to do 記得去做（沒做的事）doing 記得做過么 Like to do 有特指代，限制 doing 表示一種習慣，經常的 例如：I like swimming.I don’t like to swim today, because it’s really cold.try to do 努力做某事

doing 嘗試做某事，可能只是好奇等想試試而已

二． 形容詞和副詞的用法

1.adj（形容詞）1.adj+ N 注意： 注意： something/ anything/~thing + adj（形容詞放后面）例如： I like the wonderful

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演講稿 工作總結 調研報告 講話稿 事跡材料 心得體會 策劃方案

stamp.I have something important to tell you.2.系動詞 + adj 5 感 look/ sound/ / taste/ smell /feel + adj 意思：看起來，聽起來，聞起來，感覺是 保持 keep，leave，stay 例如：keep healthy，leave the door open get，become, grow, turn 例如：get tired，grow old 變 seem 3.find / make + sb/ sth +adj I find it difficult to finish it.2.比較級(adj)等級 原級 結構 adj（本身）常用詞 常用詞，句 1.As + adj+ as-not as/ so +adj +as 2.修飾原級: so, very, rather, too, quite 修飾原級

比較級

adj + er，more + adj(more +多音節原型)

1.修飾比較級 much, a little, a lot, even, far 修飾比較級: The boy is taller than that one.3.比較級 than any other + N(單數 單數)單數 4.比較級 than the other + N（復數）（復數）

最高級

the + adj+est the most + adj

One of the 最高級 + N（復數）復數）Huanghe is one of the longest rivers in China.the first/ second?最高級 + N（單數）最高級 單數）Huanghe is the second longest river in China.越來越? more and more + 原級 多音節), 比較級 + and +比較級 單音節 原級(多 比較級(單 越來越 比較級 音節)比較級，比較級” 越?，就越 “the+比較級，the+比較級(“the+比較級”分別置于兩句的開頭)，就越? 比較級 比較級 The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.副 詞 1.特點：常常以 ly 結尾 常

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常以 2.修飾動詞 do（V）it carefully 修飾形容詞 He seems seriously ill.修飾句子，放開頭 fortunately, he can work out on time.3.注意詞 hard 努力地，努力的 hardly 幾乎不

三．賓語從句

1.賓語從句 主句 + 引導詞（that/ whether/ if/ what/ who/ how??）+從句 1.引導詞，根據意思判斷 引導詞，（that）沒意思，可以省略 If/ whether 是否（后面有 or not 只用 whether）What/ how/ where?.特殊詞自身意思 例如： I know the earth travels around the sun.我知道地球圍太陽轉。I want to know whether the earth travels around the sun.我想知道地球是不是圍太 陽轉。2.時態 ：★ 做題一定要判斷主句是不是過去時 主句（現在時）從句（任何時態）主句（過去時）從句（過去相關時態）真理不受限制，常用一般現在時 主句（過去時 過去相關時態）3.語序 一般情況下 am/ is/ are/ was/ were 語序 if/ whether/ 特殊疑問詞 直接 do/does/did 特殊疑問詞 直接+ 都 will/ would 是 can/ could/ should/ ought to/ may 錯 have 的 比較：I want to know when shall we hold the meeting錯誤 I want to know when we shall hold the meeting正確 {注意 有時 特殊疑問詞 名詞，整體看作疑問詞，如問 what color “什么顏色” 注意}有時 特殊疑問詞+名詞 整體看作疑問詞，名詞，什么顏色” 注意 故。I want to know what color was it 錯誤 I want to know what color it was正確 4.疑問詞+ to do I want to know when to hold the meeting.(省略了主語，再+ to)

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四． 反義疑問句

1.前肯，后否（be/ 助詞+ 人稱代詞）前否，后肯 2．前面句子出現 be（am, is, are, was, were）后面直接用這些詞（）can/ could/ should/ may 等情態動詞 will/ would have + done（動詞過去分詞）（動詞過去分詞）例如：Jack is a middle school student, isn’t he? Jack can do it by himself, can’t he? Jack and his parents will go there, won’t they? Jack has finished all the job, hasn’t he? 其他動詞 后面添加 do，did，does 例如：Jack usually works at school, doesn’t he? Jack worked there before, didn’t he? 注意： Jack didn’t work there, did he?(前面出現過 didn’t，后面直接用 did)判斷： 判斷：Jack has worked there for 3 years, hasn’t he? Jack has to work now, doesn’t he? 2.特殊句型：祈使句（動詞原型放句首）祈使句（，will you？ 祈使句 動詞原型放句首），？ 特例)但 let’s?.., shall we?(特例 特例

五．常考句型

1.It is / was + adj.+ for +sb.+ to do sth.做某事對某人來說是怎么樣的。for sb.表示對某人怎么樣 It is wise for you to shampoo often.It is important for you to reduce the pressure you are feeling.2.It is / was + adj.+ of +sb.+ to do sth.某人做某事真怎么樣。of 表示人的品質（kind、It was foolish of you to go to a job interview with messy hair.3.adj.+ enough + to do sth.足夠??.做某事 enough + n.足夠的?? The boy is old enough to go to school.You need to get enough green

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vegetables and fruit.4.too + adj/ adv + to do sth.太?以致不能?.The boy not old enough to go school.The boy is too young to go to school.The boy is so young that he can not go to school.5.花費 人 spend/ spent + 時間、錢 + doing 人 pay/ paid + 錢 + for doing sth/ sth 物 cost sb + 錢, 時間 + to do sth It takes/ took sb + 時間 + to do She said that it took her an hour each day to wash it.6.how often 多常時間做一次(某事)once a month How long 多長時間 How soon 多快就做 in two days 7.動詞 ed 形容人 動詞+ V+ ing 形容物 Interested（in）interesting；，frightened，frightening，pleased（with）pleasing，delighted（to），satisfied（with），感嘆句

what 1.what(不可數，復數名詞)2.what a/ an 可數名詞單數 adj +（直接）+ 其他（the、my，句子）-How 2.adv How 3.常考的不可數名詞：weather，knowledge，news，food 感嘆句 1.food you have cooked!A.How a nice B.What a nice C.How nice D.What nice 2.terrible weather we have been having these days!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 3.fast the boy ran!A.How A.How, how C.How, what A.How 非謂語動詞 1.Would you like swimming with me? A.go B.going C.to go D.to ask B.How an C.What D.What an 4.well you write but badly he speak!B.What, what D.What, how C.What D.What an 1.adj +（直接）+ N-

5.delicious the soup is!I’d like some more.B.How an

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2.The little girl was too frightened a word.A.not to tell B.not to say C.to tell D.to say

3.I feel tired and sleepy.Why not stop? A.resting B.breaking C.to relax D.to work

4.We often hear teenagers pop songs instead of Beijing Opera.A.sing B.to sing C.singed D.singing

5.There are not any things on the room.A.living B.live C.lives D.to live

6.The doctor advised the young man smoking.A.to give up B.giving up C.give up D.gives up

7.We are very to see her face.A.pleasing, smiled C.pleased, smiled

B.pleasing, smiling D.pleased, smiling

8.I spent two hours my homework.How about you? A.finish B.finishing C.to finish D.to finishing

9.--How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up?--It makes me very prod.A.felt B.to feel C.feeling D.feel

10.My sister is sleeping quietly, so I tried my best any noise.A.not make 形容詞和副詞 1.The movie was very and all of us were.A.exciting;exciting C.exciting;excited B.excited;excited D.excited;exciting B.to make not C.to make D.not to make

2.Thanks to the Party, our life is getting.A.good and better C.精心收集

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better and best 3.John is cleverer than in his class.A.any student C.any other students B.any other student D.all the students B.better and better D.best and best

4.The Yellow River is the second river in China.A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest

5.John is from Australia.He is one of my friends.A.good B.well C.better D.best

6.I can’t afford the bike.The price is a bit too.A.low B.high C.cheap D.expensive

7.Mary studies her classmates.A.so hard as B.as hard as C.so harder as D.as harder as

8.He studies to catch up with his classmates.A.too careful C.enough carefully B.so carefully D.carefully enough

9.The bag is heavy that he can’t move it alone.A.too B.very C.so D.enough

10.I feel better than yesterday.A.much 賓語從句 1.What did Mike say? He said.A.if you were free the next week C.the weather is fine B.what colour was it D.summer comes after spring B.so C.very D.more

2.Please tell me last year.A.where does your sister work C where your sister works B where did your sister work D where your sister worked

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3.The girls asked if they some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take 4.Can you tell me you were born, Betty? A.who B.what C.when D.that 5.I don't know they have passed the exam.A.what B.if C.when D.where 非謂語動詞答案：CDCAA ADBDD 賓語從句答案：DDACB 形容詞和副詞答案：CBBCD DBDCA 1

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第三篇：中考英語語法滿分經驗總結

中考英語語法滿分經驗總結

語法是骨骼，詞匯是血肉。現在教育改革了、考試改革了，好像一夜之間語法突然不重要了，甚至被一些老師和學生忽略。其實，語法和詞匯等語言要素就是客觀的存在，不管我們重視與否，它們都是英語考試中不可缺失的一部分。

語法是語言的規則，考試語法之所以難度頗大，考點繁多，考試語法主要在動詞的時態和語態、從句、非謂語和虛擬語氣是考試的重點。所以在高三復習時，應該有意識抓住這些考點的每個細節反復記憶，勤加練習。

做一道題，會一類題：考試語法考點繁雜，必要的練習是必不可少的。對于英語語法習題并不是越多越好，而是能夠做一道題會一類題。每一道錯題都能夠作為知識點復習的機會，力求作對一道題，就能做會一類語法考點的題。建議詞法、句法要點逐個梳理、各個擊破。直到達到100%正確率，在進行下一個語法點的復習。

充實的詞匯量：詞匯量不足，題目看不懂，就根本無法理解題目考點，影響到語法判斷，因此要保證大綱詞匯量完全掌握，甚至自己突破大綱詞匯量框框，掌握更多詞匯，可以使用學習工具突破詞匯量。

寫作得分保證--語法零錯誤：很多寫作的失分集中體現在語法錯誤和拼寫錯誤。很多同學小看了寫作的難度。其實，寫作的高分語法錯誤的避免是基本寫作能力的體現。避免語法錯誤的關鍵是，落筆謹慎，動詞和名詞的使用要關注有沒有時態、語態、第三人稱單數；名詞的使用需要關注冠詞和單復數問題。句式使用過程中，需要認真分析句子結構，避免完全憑感覺寫句子。總之，寫作部分中語法知識的熟練應用才能寫出精彩的句子、流暢的語言。

第四篇：初二英語語法知識重點總結

初二英語語法知識重點總結

一、知識強化

1．掌握本單元的重點詞匯及句型。

2．談論最好做某事和正確做某事，培養提高自己的交際能力。

3．正確使用should和ought to。

二、重難點知識講解

1．First, we decided to elect the chief editor.首先我們決定選出主編。

decide 動詞，意為“決定”，常用結構：

decide(not)to do sth.決定(不)做某事

decide on doing sth 決定做某事

decide + 疑問代詞/副詞＋不定式

決定……

decide＋從句

決定……

e.g.I decided to go to Beijing on Monday.我決定星期一去北京。

He has decided on going for a trip next week.他已決定下周去旅行。

He decided when to go to Beijing.他已經決定了什么時候去北京。

We decided that we didn’t take part in the basketball match.我們決定不參加籃球比賽。

2．We should choose Joyce because she has experience.我們應該選喬伊斯因為她很有經驗。

（1）experience n.經驗；經歷

①經驗(不可數名詞)

e.g.He is a math teacher with 5 years’ experience.他是一名有五年工作經驗的數學老師。

②經歷(可數名詞)

e.g.It was a strange experience.真是一次奇特的經歷。

Please tell us your experiences in America.請你告訴我們你在美洲的經歷。

（2）experience v.體驗；經歷

e.g.Our country has experienced great changes in the last thirty years.我國在過去三十年經歷了巨大變化。

3．Then we all voted for her.然后我們都投票贊成（選喬伊斯為主編）。

vote for sb.意為“投票贊成某人”。

e.g.I shall vote for Ben because he has experience.我將投票選本因為他有經驗。

Vote for Johnson—the people’s friend!

請投約翰遜一票——他是人民的支持者。

vote against 意為“投票反對”。

e.g.People vote against Henry.人們投票反對亨利。

4．Then Joyce took charge of the meeting.于是，喬伊斯主持會議。

take charge of意為“主管，主持；負責”。

e.g.Who will take charge of the meeting?

誰將主持這次會議？

She took charge of the family business after her father died.父親去世后，家務事全由她負責。

The department was badly organized until she took charge(of it).這個部門在她負責管理以前組織工作做得很差。

5．Then the others voted for me.于是其他人投票選我。

句中的the others指參加會議的除我以外的所有人即：Lucy, Joyce, Tony和Jessica。

辨析：other, the other, the others與another

（1）other表示“其他的”，表示泛指，沒有特定的范圍。

e.g.Lei Feng always helped other people.雷鋒總是幫助別人。(指其他的任何人)

（2）the other意為“另一個”，一般用于兩者之間。其句型為：one…the other…一個……另一個……

e.g.The old man has two sons.One is a soldier, the other is a worker.那位老人有兩個兒子，一個是士兵，另一個是工人。

注意：the other和other后均可加名詞，但意思有所不同，“the other＋名詞”表示一定范圍內除一部分外其余的全部，而“other＋名詞”表示除去部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全部。

（3）the others 特指一定范圍內的其余的全部人或事物。

e.g.I have three pencils.One is long, and the others are short.我有三支鉛筆，一支是長的，另外（兩個）是短的。（代詞）

（4）another表示三者或三者以上的其他任何一個，意為“再一；又一”。

e.g.Would you like another cup of tea?

你還要一杯茶嗎?

6．You will be responsible for different sections of the paper.你們將負責報紙的不同部分。

be responsible for意為“對……負責”。

e.g.Who is responsible for breaking the mirror?

鏡子是誰打破的?

The bus driver is responsible for the passengers safety.公共汽車司機應對乘客的安全負責。

7．Should it be free for readers, or should they pay for it?

讀者應免費閱讀還是花錢購買呢？

辨析：pay, spend, cost與take

四個單詞都可以表示“花費”，但用法卻不盡相同。

（1）pay的基本用法是：

①pay(sb.)money for sth.付錢(給某人)買某物。

e.g.I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每個月要付給他們20英鎊的房租。

②pay for sth.付某物的錢

e.g.I have to pay for the lost book.我不得不賠償丟失的書款。

③pay for sb.替某人付錢

e.g.Don’t worry!I’ll pay for you.別擔心，我會給你付錢的。

（2）spend的主語必須是人，常用于以下結構：

①spend time/ money on sth.在某物上花費時間/ 金錢。

e.g.I spent two hours on this maths problem.這道數學題花了我兩個小時。

②spend time/ money(in)doing sth.花費時間/金錢做某事。

e.g.They spent two years(in)building this bridge.造這座橋花了他們兩年時間。

（3）cost的主語是物或某種活動，還可以表示“值”，常見的用法如下：

①“sth.cost(sb.)＋金錢”表示“某物花了(某人)多少錢”。

e.g.A new computer costs a lot of money.買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。

②“(doing)sth.cost(sb.)＋時間”表示“(做某事)某物花了(某人)多少時間”

e.g.Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量的時間才記住了這些新單詞。

（4）take 常見的用法有以下幾種：

①“It takes/took sb.＋時間＋ to do sth.”表示“做某事花了某人多少時間”。

e.g.It took them three years to build this road.他們用了三年時間修完了這條路。

②“doing sth.takes sb.＋時間”表示“做某事花了某人多少時間”。

e.g.Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一整下午修這輛小汽車。

8．Well, I usually try to get one for free from outside the library…

哦，我通常試圖從圖書館外免費拿一份……

try to do sth.,意為“盡力、設法去做某事”，強調付出一定的努力或想方設法地去完成。

I’ll try to come early tomorrow.我明天盡量早點兒來。

辨析：try doing sth.意為“嘗試著做某事”，不一定付出很大努力。

e.g.If you like, you can try watching it.如果你喜歡，你可以試著看一下。

拓展：

①try/do one’s best to do sth.意為“盡某人全力去做某事”。

e.g.We should try our best to practice speaking English.我們應盡力來練習說英語。

②try on意為“試穿”。

e.g.Can I try it on?

我可以試穿一下嗎?

③try也可用作名詞，意為“嘗試”。

e.g.I can’t open this door—will you have a try?

我打不開這扇門——你來試試行嗎?

9．I also have the habit of reading English for half an hour every morning.我也有每天早上讀半小時英語的習慣。

have the habit of doing…意為“有干某事的習慣”。

e.g.My mother has the habit of getting up early.我媽媽有早起的習慣。

He has habit of smoking during meals.他有吃飯時吸煙的習慣。

10．Were you nervous before the speech? 在演講前你緊張嗎?

nervous意為“焦慮的，緊張的”，形容詞作表語，可以與動詞get/ feel，系動詞be連用。

e.g.Don’t be nervous!The doctor just wants to help you.別緊張!醫生只是想幫助你。

I felt very nervous when I went into his office.當我走進他的辦公室時，我感到很緊張。

11．She was on her way to the library to return the books.她正走在去圖書館還書的路上。

（1）the way to…意為“去……的路”。其中the可以用物主代詞替換。如果表示地點的詞是副詞home, there, here等時，則不用介詞to。way為名詞，意為“路；道路”，其常用的搭配還有on one’s way to＋n.或on one’s way＋adv.，意為“在去……的路上”。

e.g.I see some beautiful flowers on my may home.在回家的路上，我看到一些美麗的花。

On my way to the school I met my head teacher.上學路上我遇到了班主任。

（2）return在句中意為“歸還”，相當于give sth.back.e.g.Return the book to the library.把書歸還給圖書館。

12．but I haven’t felt lonely at all.但我一點也不感到孤獨。

（1）辨析：lonely與alone

①lonely一般只用作形容詞，表示“孤單的，孤獨的，寂寞的”，在句中既可作表語，又可作定語。lonely修飾物時，意為“荒涼的”。

e.g.When his wife and two little children left him, he was very lonely.妻子和兩個孩子離他而去后，他很孤獨。

This is a lonely mountain village.這是一個荒涼的小山村。

②alone作形容詞時，意為“單獨的，獨自的；獨一無二的”，通常只用作表語。用作副詞，表示“獨自地，單獨地”之意，相當于by oneself。此外，alone用在名詞或代詞之后，意為“只有，唯有，僅僅”。

e.g.Tom alone knew what had happened.只有湯姆知道發生了什么事。

③lonely指人孤獨寂寞，或指地方荒無人煙，有濃厚的傷感色彩。alone表示“單獨，獨自一人”，不含感情色彩。

e.g.He doesn’t feel lonely though he lives alone.盡管他獨自生活，但他并不感到孤獨。

（2）not…at all 意為“一點……也不；根本不”，是完全否定。

e.g.I don’t like it /them at all.我根本不喜歡它（它們）。

He can not swim at all.他根本就不會游泳。

She doesn’t love me at all.她根本就不愛我。

三、語法點撥——should與ought to的用法

1．一般說來，兩者可替換，只是ought to語氣稍重。

e.g.You ought to(should)go and see Mary sometime.你應該什么時候去看看瑪麗。

The train ought to(should)have arrived at six.火車本應該6點鐘到的。

Such things ought not to be allowed.這種事情是不允許的。

2．表示出于法令規則、行為準則、道德責任等客觀情況而“應該”做某事時，一般應用ought to，若用should則含有個人意見，強調主觀看法。

e.g.We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will.明天我們按理應該去看看瑪麗，但是我認為我們不會去(此句不宜用should)。

3．在公告、須知或條例中，出于禮貌，常用should。如：

e.g.You should not run alongside the swimming-pool.不準在游泳池邊奔跑。

第五篇：考博英語語法重點總結

考博輔導：考博英語語法重點總結（3）

過去分詞與形容詞的語義差：

1.Destructive:causing damage to people or things the destructive power of modern weapons Damaged: being in a bad state emotionally damaged children 2.Respected:admired by many because of achievements

He’s one of the most respected managers in the game.Respectful: feeling or showing respect They listened in respectful silence.3.Preferred : Her own preferred methods of exercise are hiking and long cycle rides.Preferable: A big earthquake a long way off is preferable to a smaller one nearby.Preferential: Bank officials denied giving the senator any preferential treatment.4.Unimagined:Others see a new golden age of business and technology that will lift the market to unimagined heights.Unimaginative:That means the traditional office layout of lined-up cubicles and work stations is seen as rigid and unimaginative.5.Loving: She was a devoted wife and a very loving mother.Lovable: a sweet lovable child Lovely: We had a lovely holiday.6.Tolerated: While Patches are generally well tolerated they are not always suitable for everyone.Tolerant: trees that are tolerant of salt sea winds Tolerable: All in all, it was better to have a tolerable tenement than the ideal which no one could afford.虛擬語氣

非謂語動詞主要包括不定式、動名詞和現在分詞。為了區分這三種不同的非謂語動詞的用法和含義，我們將分別從三種非謂語動詞在句子中做主語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語、狀語、表語以及一些特殊結構句型等角度來區分其用法和細微含義。1．不定式和動名詞作主語的區別

(1)動名詞作主語通常表示抽象動作；而不定式作主語表示具體動作。Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．這里禁止抽煙。(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽這么多煙對你身體很不好。(具體)

(2)動名詞作主語時，通常用以表示一件已知的事或經驗。

不定式短語通常用來表示一件未完成的事或目的。

Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(經驗)

Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰時刻開車令人厭煩。(經驗)（3）不定式做主語，一般用it當形式主語，把作主語的不定式短語后置。

It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2．不定式、動名詞和分詞作表語的區別

(1)不定式作表語

1)不定式作表語一般表示具體動作，特別是表示將來的動作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做兩件事等于未做。

What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建議是立刻開始干。

2）如果主語是不定式（表示條件），表語也是不定式（表示結果）。

To see is to believe.百聞不如一見。

To work means to earn a living．工作就是為了生活。

3)如果主語是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等為中心的名詞，或以what引導的名詞性從句，不定式作表語是對主語起補充說明作用。

His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future．他的希望是在不遠的將來買一輛豪華轎車。

The function of Louis Sullivan’s architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant．

(2)動名詞作表語：動名詞作表語，表示抽象的一般性的行為。

Our work is serving the people．我們的工作是為人民服務。

His hobby is collecting stamps．他的愛好是集郵。

(注)動名詞作表語時與進行時態中的現在分詞形式相同，但其所屬結構迥異，進行時態說明動作是由主語完成的。動名詞做表語，說明主語的性質或情況。

People cannot but feel puzzled，for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected．

(3)分詞作表語

分詞做表語有兩種情況，一種是現在分詞做表語，一種是過去分詞做表語，這兩者區別是考試中經常考到的地方。一般來說，表示心理狀態的動詞如excite，interest等都是及物動詞，漢語意思不是“激動”，“高興”，而是“使激動”、“使高興”，因而現在分詞應該是“令人激動的”、“令人高興的”，過去分詞則是“感到激動的”和“感到高興的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。換句話說，若人對……感興趣，就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有興趣時，就是說sb./sth.is interesting.這類詞常見的有：

interesting使人感到高興--interested感到高興的exciting令人激動的--excited感到激動的

delighting令人高興的--delighted感到高興的

disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人費解的--puzzled感到費解的satisfying令人滿意的---satisfied感到滿意的surprising令人驚異的--surprised感到驚異的worrying令人擔心的--worried感到擔心的 Travelling is interesting but tiring．旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲勞。

The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much．如果要學生學得太多，他們會感到糊涂的。

The argument is very convincing．他的論點很令人信服。

They were very excited at the news．聽到這個消息，他們非常激動。

3．不定式和動名詞作賓語的區別

英語中大多數動詞既可跟不定式，也可跟動名詞作直接賓語，但有些動詞要求：

(1)不定式做賓語和賓語補足語

1)下面的動詞要求不定式做賓語

attempt企圖 enable能夠 neglect忽視

afford負擔得起 demand要求 long渴望

arrange安排 destine注定 mean意欲，打算

begin開始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏

appear似乎，顯得 determine決定 manage設法

cease停止 hate憎恨，厭惡 pretend假裝

ask問 dread害怕 need需要

agree同意 desire愿望 love愛

swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供

beg請求 fail不能 plan計劃

bother擾亂；煩惱 forget忘記 prefer喜歡，寧愿

care關心，喜歡 happen碰巧 prepare準備

decide決定 learn學習regret抱歉，遺憾

choose選擇 hesitate猶豫 profess表明

claim要求 hope希望 promise承諾，允許

start開始 undertake承接 want想要

consent同意，贊同 intend想要 refuse拒絕

decide決定 learn學習vow起

contrive設法，圖謀 incline有…傾向 propose提議

seek找，尋覓 try試圖

2)下面的動詞要求不定式做賓補：動詞+賓語+動詞不定式

ask要求，邀請 get請，得到 prompt促使

allow允許 forbid禁止 prefer喜歡，寧愿

announce宣布 force強迫 press迫使

bride 收買 inspire鼓舞 request請求

assist協助 hate憎惡 pronounce斷定，表示

advise勸告 exhort告誡，勉勵 pray請求

authorize授權，委托 help幫助 recommend勸告，推薦

bear容忍 implore懇求 remind提醒

beg請求 induce引誘 report報告

compel強迫 invite吸引，邀請，summon傳喚

command命令 intend想要，企圖 show 顯示

drive驅趕 mean意欲，打算 train訓練

cause引起 instruct指示 require要求 deserve應受 leave使，讓 tell告訴

direct指導 like喜歡 tempt勸誘

entitle有資格 order命令 warn告誡

enable使能夠 need需要 urge激勵，力說

encourage鼓勵 oblige不得不 want想要

condemn指責，譴責 lead引起，使得 teach教

entreat懇求 permit允許 wish希望

(2)有少數動詞只能用動名詞作賓語

acknowledge承認，自認 cease 停止 mention說到，講到

admit 承認 tolerate忍受 dislike不喜歡，討厭

advocate：提倡，主張 complete完成 dread可怕

appreciate 感激，欣賞 confess坦白 endure忍受

avoid避免 contemplate細想 enjoy享有，喜愛

bear忍受 defer拖延 envy嫉妒

can’t help不禁 delay延遲 escape逃跑，逃避

can’t stand受不了 deny否認 excuse借口

consider 考慮 detest嫌惡 fancy幻想，愛好

favor 造成，偏愛 mind 介意 repent悔悟

figure描繪，計算 miss錯過 resent怨恨

finish完成，結束不得 pardon原諒，饒恕 resist抵抗，阻止

forgive原諒 permit 允許 resume恢復

imagine設想 postpone延遲，延期 risk冒險

involve卷入，包含 practise 實行，實踐 suggest建議

hate討厭 prevent阻止 save營救，儲蓄

keep保持 quit放棄停止 stand堅持，忍受

loathe非常討厭，厭惡 recall回想

例如：I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激兩年前給我出國學習的機會。

(3)有些動詞后使用動名詞和動詞不定式作賓語的差別

1）forget to do 忘記要去做某事（此事未做）

forget doing忘記做過某事（此事已做過或已發生）

2）stop to do 停止、中斷（某件事），目的是去做另一件事

stop doing 停止正在或經常做的事

3）remember to do 記住去做某事（未做）

remember doing記得做過某事(已做)

4)regret to do對要做的事遺憾

regret doing對做過的事遺憾、后悔

5）try to do努力、企圖做某事

try doing試驗、試一試某種辦法

6)mean to do打算，有意要…

mean doing意味著

7）go on to do 繼而（去做另外一件事情）

go on doing 繼續（原先沒有做完的事情）

8）propose to do 打算（要做某事）proposing doing建議（做某事）

9)like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具體行為；+doing sth 表示抽象、傾向概念

（注)如果這些動詞前有should一詞，其后賓語只跟不定式，不能跟動名詞。例如：

I should like to see him tomorrow．

10)need, want, deserve +動名詞表被動意義；+不定式被動態表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。

Don’t you remember seeing the man before?你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?

You must remember to leave tomorrow．你可要記著是明天動身。

I don’t regret telling her what I thought．我不后悔給她講過我的想法。(已講過)

I regret to have to do this，but I have no choice．我很遺憾必須這樣去做，我實在沒辦法。(未做但要做)

You must try to be more careful．你可要多加小心。

Let’s try doing the work some other way．讓我們試一試用另外一種辦法來做這工作。

I didn’t mean to hurt your feeling．我沒想要傷害你的感情。

This illness will mean(your)going to hospital．得了這種病(你)就要進醫院。