第一篇：G20峰會成員國中英文

G20峰會成員國名單

美國、America

[?'mer?k?] 英國、Britain

[?br?tn] 日本、Japan

[d???p?n] 法國、France

德國、Germany

加拿大、Canada

意大利、Italy

俄羅斯、Russia

澳大利亞、Australia

中國、China

巴西、Brazil

阿根廷、Argentina

墨西哥、Mexico

韓國、Korea

印度尼西亞、Indonesia

印度、India

沙特阿拉伯、Saudi Arabia 南非、South Africa 土耳其

Turkey

[fr?ns]

[?d??m?ni] [?k?n?d?] [??t?l?] [?r???] [??strelj?] [?t?a?n?] [br??z?l]

[?ɑrd??n?tin?] [?m?ks??ko] [k?'r?r]

[??nd??ni??,-??,-do-][??nd??]

[?t?ki]

第二篇：二十國峰會中英文

我們要看到G20的未來。它不僅需要應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟問題，還要應(yīng)對其他問題。在我看來這樣一個發(fā)展和演變是必然的。正如此前許多演講者提到，各國的任務(wù)旨在實現(xiàn)全球的平衡，并且?guī)砀笠惠喌淖兏铮械某蓡T國都要推動經(jīng)濟變革和改革。我們要關(guān)注這種政策的協(xié)調(diào)，并且積累政策的自信。世界上的許多問題都需要國際協(xié)作，尤其是大國之間的努力，以及跨國和非傳統(tǒng)的協(xié)調(diào)，比如稅收、打擊國際犯罪和應(yīng)對環(huán)境惡化等。20世紀(jì)以來，世界都不斷面臨這些問題，這些非傳統(tǒng)問題也帶來了一些安全隱患，同時，也與我們的經(jīng)濟繁榮緊密相關(guān)。比如，國際刑事法庭致力于開展打擊非法移民，因為這一群體會沖擊一個國家內(nèi)部的勞工市場，所以，需要對移民有嚴(yán)格的登記制度，防止這一體系產(chǎn)生漏洞。聯(lián)合國也要加強這方面的治理，比如，通過G20采取一些嚴(yán)格措施，或者與其他組織形成互補，來加強整個國際社會的安全。

G20反映了世界的變革和變遷。美國、日本、加拿大這些傳統(tǒng)國家組建起來的集團組織，從地理上來說代表了不同的地理區(qū)域。但經(jīng)濟實力不可同日而語，G20這樣一個新型組織在當(dāng)前國際社會不斷演進的過程中發(fā)揮了重要的作用。

中國也是其中一員。中國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展迅猛，在過去一二十年平均速度超過8%。中國仍然在領(lǐng)跑新興經(jīng)濟體，與中國建立關(guān)系越來越重要。我也贊同中國在引領(lǐng)G20的觀點。

盡管G20在應(yīng)對金融危機方面表現(xiàn)很好，但一個重要的問題就是它的合法性和有效性。G20需要有更大的代表性并提供更加平衡發(fā)展的預(yù)期。

國際治理是一個非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的話題，但有時候?qū)Ω母锏某兄Z能否有效落實也是一個重要問題。同時，頻繁出現(xiàn)的商業(yè)丑聞、價格壟斷現(xiàn)象的主要根源就是缺乏良好的治理，這在發(fā)展中國家出現(xiàn)得比較普遍。誰來為此負責(zé)呢？這個問題仍然有待于回答。

另一個質(zhì)疑G20的觀點是G20主要是關(guān)注金融危機的解決，而對社會方面缺乏了解。確實如此，我們需要在宏大的背景中尋找解決方案。另一方面，在一些新興經(jīng)濟體中，會出現(xiàn)包括貧富差距在內(nèi)的不公平現(xiàn)象。中國時任國家主席胡錦濤在2010年G20墨西哥會議上曾表示，考慮到新興經(jīng)濟體不同的處境，G20應(yīng)該幫助這些國家實現(xiàn)多樣化。

另一方面是G20如何落實承諾、實現(xiàn)合作和協(xié)調(diào)的問題。此外，還有如何統(tǒng)籌關(guān)于非經(jīng)濟領(lǐng)域的問題，比如各國的外貿(mào)問題是由WTO來解決、糧食問題是由聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織來解決的，教育問題則歸于聯(lián)合國教科文組織，G20該如何協(xié)調(diào)處理這些問題呢？這是一個亟待考慮的現(xiàn)狀。

Many of the problems in the world requires international collaboration, especially between the big powers, as well as the coordination of the multinational and nontraditional, such as tax, such as fighting international crime and to deal with environmental degradation.Since the 20th century, the world continues to face these problems, these non-traditional issues also brought some safe hidden trouble, at the same time, is also closely related to our economic prosperity.For example, the international criminal court is committed to carry out to crack down on illegal immigration, because this group will impact a country's internal labor markets, so, need for immigrants to have strict registration system, prevent the system from leaks.The United Nations will strengthen the management, for example, through the G20 to take some strict measures, or complementary with other organizations, to strengthen the safety of the international community.

第三篇：馬云G20峰會演講稿中英文

馬云演講稿

一、如何評價杭州

Hangzhou is lucky enough to be one of the first group of cities open to the world。

杭州有幸能夠成為(中國)首批向世界開放的城市。

Because Nixon and Mao Zedong signed the Agreement。這源于尼克松和毛澤東推動簽署的中美《聯(lián)合公報》。So they made Hangzhou open to the world。是他們的努力讓杭州向世界敞開了大門。

1972，when Mao Zedong and President Nixon had decided to make China and USA agree to work together to be the bright futre。

1972年，毛澤東與(時任)美國總統(tǒng)尼克松達成共識，中美將攜手開創(chuàng)美好未來。Both leaders actually had a lot of wonderful negociations done in Hangzhou。

實際上，兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間大量的友好磋商是在杭州進行的。

The document was made in Hangzhou and announced in Shanghai。而《聯(lián)合公報》也是在杭州起草并最終在上海發(fā)布。

This is historically the meaningful。。。a very meaningful city，a great city that made the West and the East meet together，made the great leaders of the East and the West sit down together and discuss for the future。這是一座富有歷史意義的城市，一座讓東西交融的城市。讓東方和西方的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人們坐在一起，共商未來。

二、給20國集團(G20)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的信息

I think this G20 Meeting has high expectations from the world。Especially at this moment of the world economy。

我認為全球?qū)@次G20峰會抱有很高期望。尤其是對當(dāng)下的世界經(jīng)濟而言。A lot people don‘t like globalization。許多人不認同全球化。

And I personally believe globalization is a great thing for the world。而我認為全球化對世界而言是一件偉大的事情。

The only thing is that： how we can improve globalization to enable more small business，more young people to get involved。

唯一的問題是要如何提升全球化來讓更多中小企業(yè)和更多年輕人參與其中。What if we can use a new mechanism，a new technology to enable 1 billion，or 2 billion，or 3 billion people to do trade。

如果我們用新機制和新技術(shù)讓10億人、20億人、30億人，甚至更多的人參與全球貿(mào)易，那會怎樣?

I think the EWTP should be sponsored and enforced by the business，and supported by the government。

我認為EWTP應(yīng)該由企業(yè)發(fā)起和主導(dǎo)，同時由政府來提供支持。

If we can build up a platform that can enable small business and young people to do a free trade in a open，a fair trade globally。因此，如果我們可以打造出一個平臺，讓中小企業(yè)、年輕人能夠在全球進行自由、開放和公平的貿(mào)易。

This‘s gonna be very foundamental for the next 20 or 30 years of World Economy and for the century。

這會讓全球經(jīng)濟在未來20年或30年，甚至在本世紀(jì)發(fā)生根本性的變化。And I think we are very proud to get involved for this G20 and B20 for our ideas。

我們很高興能夠參加此次G20和B20峰會并發(fā)出這樣的倡議。

It is an idea and we‘ll continue to work，to move forward by this great event。

這是一個設(shè)想，我們將繼續(xù)通過這一盛會來推進。

三、阿里巴巴為何把總部設(shè)在杭州

People keep on asking me why Alibaba is not in Beijing，why not in Shanghai。(But)in Hangzhou。

人們總是在問我，阿里巴巴為什么不把總部放在北京或者上海，而是在杭州。Not because it is a city that is my hometown。是因為這座城市不僅是我的家鄉(xiāng)。

Because this city has entrepreneurship。It‘s so friendly to private sectors。

它還擁有創(chuàng)業(yè)精神，包容民營企業(yè)的發(fā)展。In our city，we like entrepreneurship。我們所在的這個城市喜歡創(chuàng)業(yè)精神。We like people from nothing，building it up。尊重白手起家的人。

So I think we got great talents。我們有優(yōu)秀的人才。

We got good environment。我們有良好的環(huán)境。

We are a pretty small city with only close to 9 million people。杭州規(guī)模不大，只有近900萬人口。

But Hangzhou is so powerful，so influential to China Economy，to China Culture。

但杭州卻對中國經(jīng)濟與中國文化有著巨大的影響力。

Because in Song Dynasty，1000 years ago，we were the capital of China。早在1000年前的宋朝，杭州曾是中國的首都。

And at that time we were the most splendid and prosperous city in China。在那個時候，杭州就是中國最輝煌、最輝煌的城市。

Hangzhou，today，has become the driving force of China New Economy because of e-commerce，because of Alibaba。

今天，杭州已經(jīng)成為中國新經(jīng)濟的推動力量，這得益于電子商務(wù)的發(fā)展。And because of the e-commerce development，the Internet development，there are a lot of young people who are interested in e-commerce，interested in Internet business。They all come to the city。由于電子商務(wù)的發(fā)展、城市互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，許多對電子商務(wù)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)感興趣的年輕人紛至沓來。

This city has become the center of inspiration，the center of innovation and the center of the “New Economy Entrepreneurship”。這座城市已經(jīng)成為靈感中心、創(chuàng)新中心和新經(jīng)濟中心。

四、對G20峰會的寄語

Because of G20, I want Hangzhou to be a city more friendly to the world, and people come in here, bring new ideas and benefit from this culture and understand China better.因為G20峰會，我希望杭州變成一個對世界更為開放友好的城市。人們來到這里，帶來新的靈感，并從這里的文化中受益，從而更好地了解中國。

第四篇：G20峰會宣言全文(中英文)

G20峰會宣言全文（中英文）2009-04-12 15:351、在世界經(jīng)濟和金融市場遭遇嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)時，我們即二十國集團領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人于2008年11月15日在美國華盛頓舉行了一次初步會議。我們決定增強相互合作，努力恢復(fù)全球經(jīng)濟增長，實現(xiàn)全球金融體系的必要改革。

2、在過去幾個月，我們各國采取了緊急和特別措施以支撐全球經(jīng)濟和穩(wěn)定金融市場。這些努力必須要繼續(xù)下去。同時，我們必須推進改革以確保全球性的危機比如這次危機不再發(fā)生。我們的工作將遵循一個共同信念，即市場原則、開放的貿(mào)易和投資體制、受到有效監(jiān)管的金融市場，將培養(yǎng)活力、創(chuàng)新和創(chuàng)業(yè)精神，這些是經(jīng)濟增長、就業(yè)和減少貧困所不可缺少的基本因素。

目前危機根源

3、在經(jīng)濟高速增長時期，資本流動性日益增長并且此前十年保持著長期穩(wěn)定性，市場參與者過度追逐高收益，缺乏風(fēng)險評估和未能履行相應(yīng)責(zé)任。同時，脆弱的保險業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、不健全的風(fēng)險管理行為、日益復(fù)雜和不透明的金融產(chǎn)品以及由此引發(fā)的過度影響，最終產(chǎn)生了體系的脆弱性。在一些發(fā)達國家，決策者、監(jiān)管機構(gòu)和管理者沒有充分地意識到并且采取措施應(yīng)對金融市場正在擴大的風(fēng)險，未能及時實施金融革新或者未能考慮本國監(jiān)管不力所產(chǎn)生的后果。

4、除了其它原因以外，導(dǎo)致當(dāng)前形勢主要因素是不一致和不夠協(xié)調(diào)的宏觀經(jīng)濟政策、不充分的結(jié)構(gòu)改革，這阻礙了全球宏觀經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展，導(dǎo)致風(fēng)險過度，最終引發(fā)嚴(yán)重的市場混亂。

采取和需要采取的措施

5、截止目前為止，我們已經(jīng)采取了強有力的重要措施，以刺激經(jīng)濟，提供流動性，增強金融機構(gòu)的資本，保護儲蓄存款，彌補監(jiān)管不力，解凍信貸市場。我們正在努力確保國際金融機構(gòu)能夠向全球經(jīng)濟提供重要的支持。

6、為了穩(wěn)定金融市場和支持經(jīng)濟增長，還有更多的工作需要做。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展勢頭在主要經(jīng)濟體正在大幅度地減弱，全球經(jīng)濟發(fā)展預(yù)期下滑。過去十年對全球經(jīng)濟發(fā)展作出貢獻的許多新興市場經(jīng)濟體，當(dāng)前盡管享受著良好的增長，但是正在日益受到全球經(jīng)濟下滑所帶來的不利影響。

7、面對全球經(jīng)濟惡化形勢，我們同意在緊密的宏觀經(jīng)濟合作基礎(chǔ)上采取廣泛而必要的應(yīng)對政策，以恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟增長，避免消極后果，支持新興市場經(jīng)濟體和發(fā)展中國際。作為實現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)和應(yīng)對長期挑戰(zhàn)而立即采取的措施，我們將繼續(xù)加強努力并且實施任何必要的更進一步的行動，以穩(wěn)定金融體系。

認可貨幣政策支持的重要性，就同在本國所認可的一樣。

在保持有助于金融可持續(xù)性發(fā)展政策架構(gòu)同時，利用財政措施刺激國內(nèi)需求。幫助新興市場和發(fā)展中國家經(jīng)濟體在當(dāng)前金融困難時期獲得資金支持，其中包括流動性能力和項目支持。我們強調(diào)國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）在應(yīng)對危機方面的重要作用，歡迎它的短期流動性支持，推進正在進行的對其設(shè)施和支持的評審，以確保靈活性。

鼓勵世界銀行（World Bank）和其他多邊開發(fā)銀行（MDB）全力支持開發(fā)計劃，我們對世界銀行最近在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和貿(mào)易融資領(lǐng)域所推出的新措施。

確保國際貨幣基金組織、世界銀行和其它多邊開發(fā)銀行，具有充分的資源在克服危機中繼續(xù)扮演重要角色。

金融市場改革的共同原則

8、除采取上述措施以外，我們將實施改革。這些改革將加強金融市場和監(jiān)管體系，以避免危機再次發(fā)生。管理是各國監(jiān)管機構(gòu)防御市場動蕩的首要職責(zé)，我們的金融市場已經(jīng)全球一體化，因此增強監(jiān)管機構(gòu)的國際合作，強化必須的國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并且予以切實執(zhí)行顯得非常必要，這樣才能防止不利的跨邊境、跨地區(qū)和全球性的影響全球發(fā)展的國際性金融混亂的出現(xiàn)。監(jiān)管者必須確保他們的行動支持市場原則，避免對其它國家產(chǎn)生可能的不利影響，其中包括監(jiān)管套利行為和支持市場競爭、活力和創(chuàng)新。金融機構(gòu)對當(dāng)前市場混亂也必須承擔(dān)責(zé)任，應(yīng)當(dāng)盡自己職責(zé)克服現(xiàn)狀，包括承擔(dān)虧損，改善透明性，加強自己管理和風(fēng)險管理。

9、我們承諾執(zhí)行與以下改革共同原則相關(guān)的政策。

·增強透明性和責(zé)任性。我們將增強金融市場透明度，其中包括提高復(fù)雜的金融產(chǎn)品必須的透明性，確保公司財務(wù)狀況完全和準(zhǔn)確無誤的公開。其目的是防范官員過度冒險。

·增強有效管理。我們承諾加強我們的監(jiān)管體系，謹(jǐn)慎監(jiān)督和強化風(fēng)險管理，確保所有金融市場、產(chǎn)品和參與者受到管理或者接受監(jiān)督。我們將強化對信用評級機構(gòu)的監(jiān)管，加強對國際行為準(zhǔn)則的執(zhí)行。在確保監(jiān)管有效的同時，我們還將使監(jiān)管體系在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展周期中更加有效率，確保創(chuàng)新并且刺激金融產(chǎn)品及服務(wù)中交易的擴展。我們承諾我們國家監(jiān)管體系評估透明。

·促進金融市場誠信。我們承諾，通過對投資者和消費者保護給予支持、避免損害公眾利益行為發(fā)生、預(yù)防非法的操縱市場行為和欺騙以及權(quán)力濫用行為，保護合法的金融風(fēng)險。我們還將促進信息共享，其中包括尚未承諾實施關(guān)于銀行保密性和透明度國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的地區(qū)。

·加強國際合作。我們呼吁，我們的國家和區(qū)域性監(jiān)管機構(gòu)在遵循一致性原則基礎(chǔ)上制定規(guī)章以及其他措施。監(jiān)管機構(gòu)將加強他們同金融市場所有層面的協(xié)調(diào)和合作，其中包括跨國境的資本流動。作為首先要做的事情，監(jiān)管者和其它相關(guān)當(dāng)局應(yīng)當(dāng)在防范危機、加強管理和應(yīng)對措施上加強合作。

·改革國際金融機構(gòu)。我們承諾，推進布雷頓森林機構(gòu)(Bretton Woods Institutions)改革，以便他們在全球經(jīng)濟中能夠更加充分地反映不斷變化的經(jīng)濟權(quán)數(shù)，提高其正確性和有效性。在這方面，新興市場和發(fā)展中國家經(jīng)濟體，其中包括最貧窮國家，將有更多的話語權(quán)和代表權(quán)。金融穩(wěn)定論壇(Financial Stability Forum，F(xiàn)SF)成員急需向新興經(jīng)濟體擴展，其它主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定機構(gòu)必須迅速重新審定他們的會員組成。國際貨幣基金組織要同F(xiàn)SF及其它機構(gòu)合作，更好地認識脆弱，預(yù)測潛在壓力，迅速采取行動在應(yīng)對危機中發(fā)揮重要作用。

部長和專家的任務(wù)

10、我們承諾，迅速行動貫徹這些原則。我們將要求我們的財政部長啟動程序并且排出行動時間表。一份具體措施的最初目錄將以附件“行動計劃”形式推出，其中包括要在2009年3月31日之前先要完成的行動。

經(jīng)與其它經(jīng)濟體和現(xiàn)有機構(gòu)磋商并且吸取知名獨立專家的建議，我們將要求我們的財政部長拿出更多的意見，其中包括以下具體方面：

·有利于緩解周期性波動的調(diào)控政策；

·評估和修訂全球會計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；

·增強信用衍生產(chǎn)品市場彈性和透明度，減少系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險，其中包括通過改善場外交易市場基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施；

·評估獎勵措施，這涉及風(fēng)險產(chǎn)生激勵和創(chuàng)新；

·評估國際金融機構(gòu)授權(quán)、管理和資源要求；

·界定系統(tǒng)性的重要性機構(gòu)范圍，決定他們適當(dāng)?shù)墓芾砗捅O(jiān)督。

11、為了解我們在金融系統(tǒng)改革中發(fā)揮的作用，我們將于2009年5月之前再次召開會議，檢查今天同意的這些原則和決定的執(zhí)行情況。

承諾全球經(jīng)濟開放

12、如果致力于推動自由市場原則，這些原則包括法制、尊重私有財產(chǎn)、開放的貿(mào)易和投資、競爭市場和受到有效監(jiān)管并且有效率的金融系統(tǒng)，我們覺得這些改革只能成功。這些原則對經(jīng)濟增長和繁榮是必須的，并且已經(jīng)消除了數(shù)以百萬計的貧窮，而且也提高了全球生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。鑒于改善全球金融業(yè)管理的必要性，我們必須過度管理，否則將損害經(jīng)濟經(jīng)濟增長并且加深資本流動性緊縮，這其中包括對發(fā)展中國家。

13、我們強調(diào)，在金融不穩(wěn)定時期反對保護主義至關(guān)重要。未來12個月，我們將反對抬高投資或貨物及服務(wù)貿(mào)易新壁壘，反對設(shè)置出口新限定或?qū)嵤┯羞`世界貿(mào)易組織規(guī)定的措施來刺激出口。另外，我們將努力在今年達成協(xié)議，使得世界貿(mào)易組織多哈發(fā)展議程(Doha Development Agenda)有一個圓滿結(jié)果。我們將指示我們的貿(mào)易部長實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，推進最終協(xié)議的達成。

14、我們關(guān)注著當(dāng)前危機對發(fā)展中國家產(chǎn)生的影響，特別是關(guān)注最易受損害的國家。我們重申千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)的重要性，這是我們已經(jīng)實施的發(fā)展援助承諾。我們將力促發(fā)達國家和新興經(jīng)濟體都來承擔(dān)與自己能力和在全球經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中扮演角色相適應(yīng)的義務(wù)。在這點上，我們重申2002年在墨西哥蒙特雷舉行的聯(lián)合國發(fā)展籌資問題會議上達成的發(fā)展原則，這一原則強調(diào)了國家所有權(quán)并且動員了發(fā)展籌資的所有資源。

15、我們將繼續(xù)致力于解決其它重要的挑戰(zhàn)，如能源安全和氣候變化、糧食安全、法治、反恐、貧困和疾病。

16、隨著向前發(fā)展，我們相信通過持續(xù)的伙伴關(guān)系、合作和多邊主義，我們將戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)，恢復(fù)世界經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定與繁榮。

英文全文（來源：21世紀(jì)網(wǎng)）

DECLARATION ：SUMMIT ON FINANCIAL MARKETS AND THE WORLD ECONOMY

1.We, the Leaders of the Group of Twenty, held an initial meeting in Washington on November 15, 2008, amid serious challenges to the world economy and financial markets.We are determined to enhance our cooperation and work together to restore global growth and achieve needed reforms in the world’s financial systems.2.Over the past months our countries have taken urgent and exceptional measures to support the global economy and stabilize financial markets.These efforts must continue.At the same time, we must lay the foundation for reform to help to ensure that a global crisis, such as this one, does not happen again.Our work will be guided by a shared belief that market principles, open trade and investment regimes, and effectively regulated financial markets foster the dynamism, innovation, and entrepreneurship that are essential for economic growth, employment, and poverty reduction.Root Causes of the Current Crisis

3.During a period of strong global growth, growing capital flows, and prolonged stability earlier this decade, market participants sought higher yields without an adequate appreciation of the risks and failed to exercise proper due diligence.At the same time, weak underwriting standards, unsound risk management practices, increasingly complex and opaque financial products, and consequent excessive leverage combined to create vulnerabilities in the system.Policy-makers, regulators and supervisors, in some advanced countries, did not adequately appreciate and address the risks building up in financial markets, keep pace with financial innovation, or take into account the systemic ramifications of domestic regulatory actions.4.Major underlying factors to the current situation were, among others, inconsistent and insufficiently coordinated macroeconomic policies, inadequate structural reforms, which led to unsustainable global macroeconomic outcomes.These developments, together, contributed to excesses and ultimately resulted in severe market disruption.Actions Taken and to Be Taken 5.We have taken strong and significant actions to date to stimulate our economies, provide liquidity, strengthen the capital of financial institutions, protect savings and deposits, address regulatory deficiencies, unfreeze credit markets, and are working to ensure that international financial institutions(IFIs)can provide critical support for the global economy.6.But more needs to be done to stabilize financial markets and support economic growth.Economic momentum is slowing substantially in major economies and the global outlook has weakened.Many emerging market economies, which helped sustain the world economy this decade, are still experiencing good growth but increasingly are being adversely impacted by the worldwide slowdown.7.Against this background of deteriorating economic conditions worldwide, we agreed that a broader policy response is needed, based on closer macroeconomic cooperation, to restore growth, avoid negative spillovers and support emerging market economies and developing countries.As immediate steps to achieve these objectives, as well as to address longer-term challenges, we will:

Continue our vigorous efforts and take whatever further actions are necessary to stabilize the financial system.Recognize the importance of monetary policy support, as deemed appropriate to domestic conditions.Use fiscal measures to stimulate domestic demand to rapid effect, as appropriate, while maintaining a policy framework conducive to fiscal sustainability.Help emerging and developing economies gain access to finance in current difficult financial conditions, including through liquidity facilities and program support.We stress the International Monetary Fund’s(IMF)important role in crisis response , welcome its new short-term liquidity facility, and urge the ongoing review of its instruments and facilities to ensure flexibility.Encourage the World Bank and other multilateral development banks(MDBs)to use their full capacity in support of their development agenda, and we welcome the recent introduction of new facilities by the World Bank in the areas of infrastructure and trade finance.Ensure that the IMF, World Bank and other MDBs have sufficient resources to continue playing their role in overcoming the crisis.Common Principles for Reform of Financial Markets

8.In addition to the actions taken above, we will implement reforms that will strengthen financial markets and regulatory regimes so as to avoid future crises.Regulation is first and foremost the responsibility of national regulators who constitute the first line of defense against market instability.However, our financial markets are global in scope, therefore, intensified international cooperation among regulators and strengthening of international standards, where necessary, and their consistent implementation is necessary to protect against adverse cross-border, regional and global developments affecting international financial stability.Regulators must ensure that their actions support market discipline, avoid potentially adverse impacts on other countries, including regulatory arbitrage, and support competition, dynamism and innovation in the marketplace.Financial institutions must also bear their responsibility for the turmoil and should do their part to overcome it including by recognizing losses, improving disclosure and strengthening their governance and risk management practices.9.We commit to implementing policies consistent with the following common principles for reform.Strengthening Transparency and Accountability: We will strengthen financial market transparency, including by enhancing required disclosure on complex financial products and ensuring complete and accurate disclosure by firms of their financial conditions.Incentives should be aligned to avoid excessive risk-taking.Enhancing Sound Regulation: We pledge to strengthen our regulatory regimes, prudential oversight, and risk management, and ensure that all financial markets, products and participants are regulated or subject to oversight, as appropriate to their circumstances.We will exercise strong oversight over credit rating agencies, consistent with the agreed and strengthened international code of conduct.We will also make regulatory regimes more effective over the economic cycle, while ensuring that regulation is efficient, does not stifle innovation, and encourages expanded trade in financial products and services.We commit to transparent assessments of our national regulatory systems.Promoting Integrity in Financial Markets: We commit to protect the integrity of the world’s financial markets by bolstering investor and consumer protection, avoiding conflicts of interest, preventing illegal market manipulation, fraudulent activities and abuse, and protecting against illicit finance risks arising from non-cooperative jurisdictions.We will also promote information sharing, including with respect to jurisdictions that have yet to commit to international standards with respect to bank secrecy and transparency.Reinforcing International Cooperation: We call upon our national and regional regulators to formulate their regulations and other measures in a consistent manner.Regulators should enhance their coordination and cooperation across all segments of financial markets, including with respect to cross-border capital flows.Regulators and other relevant authorities as a matter of priority should strengthen cooperation on crisis prevention, management, and resolution.Reforming International Financial Institutions: We are committed to advancing the reform of the Bretton Woods Institutions so that they can more adequately reflect changing economic weights in the world economy in order to increase their legitimacy and effectiveness.In this respect, emerging and developing economies, including the poorest countries, should have greater voice and representation.The Financial Stability Forum(FSF)must expand urgently to a broader membership of emerging economies, and other major standard setting bodies should promptly review their membership.The IMF, in collaboration with the expanded FSF and other bodies, should work to better identify vulnerabilities, anticipate potential stresses, and act swiftly to play a key role in crisis response.Tasking of Ministers and Experts

10.We are committed to taking rapid action to implement these principles.We instruct our Finance Ministers, as coordinated by their 2009 G-20 leadership(Brazil, UK, Republic of Korea), to initiate processes and a timeline to do so.An initial list of specific measures is set forth in the attached Action Plan, including high priority actions to be completed prior to March 31, 2009.In consultation with other economies and existing bodies, drawing upon the recommendations of such eminent independent experts as they may appoint, we request our Finance Ministers to formulate additional recommendations, including in the following specific areas:

Mitigating against pro-cyclicality in regulatory policy;

Reviewing and aligning global accounting standards, particularly for complex securities in times of stress;

Strengthening the resilience and transparency of credit derivatives markets and reducing their systemic risks, including by improving the infrastructure of over-the-counter markets;

Reviewing compensation practices as they relate to incentives for risk taking and innovation;

Reviewing the mandates, governance, and resource requirements of the IFIs;and

Defining the scope of systemically important institutions and determining their appropriate regulation or oversight.11.In view of the role of the G-20 in financial systems reform, we will meet again by April 30, 2009, to review the implementation of the principles and decisions agreed today.Commitment to an Open Global Economy

12.We recognize that these reforms will only be successful if grounded in a commitment to free market principles, including the rule of law, respect for private property, open trade and investment, competitive markets, and efficient, effectively regulated financial systems.These principles are essential to economic growth and prosperity and have lifted millions out of poverty, and have significantly raised the global standard of living.Recognizing the necessity to improve financial sector regulation, we must avoid over-regulation that would hamper economic growth and exacerbate the contraction of capital flows, including to developing countries.13.We underscore the critical importance of rejecting protectionism and not turning inward in times of financial uncertainty.In this regard, within the next 12 months, we will refrain from raising new barriers to investment or to trade in goods and services, imposing new export restrictions, or implementing World Trade Organization(WTO)inconsistent measures to stimulate exports.Further, we shall strive to reach agreement this year on modalities that leads to a successful conclusion to the WTO’s Doha Development Agenda with an ambitious and balanced outcome.We instruct our Trade Ministers to achieve this objective and stand ready to assist directly, as necessary.We also agree that our countries have the largest stake in the global trading system and therefore each must make the positive contributions necessary to achieve such an outcome.14.We are mindful of the impact of the current crisis on developing countries, particularly the most vulnerable.We reaffirm the importance of the Millennium Development Goals, the development assistance commitments we have made, and urge both developed and emerging economies to undertake commitments consistent with their capacities and roles in the global economy.In this regard, we reaffirm the development principles agreed at the 2002 United Nations Conference on Financing for Development in Monterrey, Mexico, which emphasized country ownership and mobilizing all sources of financing for development.15.We remain committed to addressing other critical challenges such as energy security and climate change, food security, the rule of law, and the fight against terrorism, poverty and disease.16.As we move forward, we are confident that through continued partnership, cooperation, and multilateralism, we will overcome the challenges before us and restore stability and prosperity to the world economy.Action Plan to Implement Principles for Reform

This Action Plan sets forth a comprehensive work plan to implement the five agreed principles for reform.Our finance ministers will work to ensure that the taskings set forth in this Action Plan are fully and vigorously implemented.They are responsible for the development and implementation of these recommendations drawing on the ongoing work of relevant bodies, including the International Monetary Fund(IMF), an expanded Financial Stability Forum(FSF), and standard setting bodies.Strengthening Transparency and Accountability

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

The key global accounting standards bodies should work to enhance guidance for valuation of securities, also taking into account the valuation of complex, illiquid products, especially during times of stress.Accounting standard setters should significantly advance their work to address weaknesses in accounting and disclosure standards for off-balance sheet vehicles.Regulators and accounting standard setters should enhance the required disclosure of complex financial instruments by firms to market participants.With a view toward promoting financial stability, the governance of the international accounting standard setting body should be further enhanced, including by undertaking a review of its membership, in particular in order to ensure transparency, accountability, and an appropriate relationship between this independent body and the relevant authorities.Private sector bodies that have already developed best practices for private pools of capital and/or hedge funds should bring forward proposals for a set of unified best practices.Finance Ministers should assess the adequacy of these proposals, drawing upon the analysis of regulators, the expanded FSF, and other relevant bodies.Medium-term actions

The key global accounting standards bodies should work intensively toward the objective of creating a single high-quality global standard.Regulators, supervisors, and accounting standard setters, as appropriate, should work with each other and the private sector on an ongoing basis to ensure consistent application and enforcement of high-quality accounting standards.Financial institutions should provide enhanced risk disclosures in their reporting and disclose all losses on an ongoing basis, consistent with international best practice, as appropriate.Regulators should work to ensure that a financial institution’ financial statements include a complete, accurate, and timely picture of the firm’s activities(including off-balance sheet activities)and are reported on a consistent and regular basis.Enhancing Sound Regulation Regulatory Regimes

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

The IMF, expanded FSF, and other regulators and bodies should develop recommendations to mitigate pro-cyclicality, including the review of how valuation and leverage, bank capital, executive compensation, and provisioning practices may exacerbate cyclical trends.Medium-term actions

To the extent countries or regions have not already done so, each country or region pledges to review and report on the structure and principles of its regulatory system to ensure it is compatible with a modern and increasingly globalized financial system.To this end, all G-20 members commit to undertake a Financial Sector Assessment Program(FSAP)report and support the transparent assessments of countries’ national regulatory systems.The appropriate bodies should review the differentiated nature of regulation in the banking, securities, and insurance sectors and provide a report outlining the issue and making recommendations on needed improvements.A review of the scope of financial regulation, with a special emphasis on institutions, instruments, and markets that are currently unregulated, along with ensuring that all systemically-important institutions are appropriately regulated, should also be undertaken.National and regional authorities should review resolution regimes and bankruptcy laws in light of recent experience to ensure that they permit an orderly wind-down of large complex cross-border financial institutions.Definitions of capital should be harmonized in order to achieve consistent measures of capital and capital adequacy.Prudential Oversight

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

Regulators should take steps to ensure that credit rating agencies meet the highest standards of the international organization of securities regulators and that they avoid conflicts of interest, provide greater disclosure to investors and to issuers, and differentiate ratings for complex products.This will help ensure that credit rating agencies have the right incentives and appropriate oversight to enable them to perform their important role in providing unbiased information and assessments to markets.The international organization of securities regulators should review credit rating agencies’ adoption of the standards and mechanisms for monitoring compliance.Authorities should ensure that financial institutions maintain adequate capital in amounts necessary to sustain confidence.International standard setters should set out strengthened capital requirements for banks’ structured credit and securitization activities.Supervisors and regulators, building on the imminent launch of central counterparty services for credit default swaps(CDS)in some countries, should: speed efforts to reduce the systemic risks of CDS and over-the-counter(OTC)derivatives transactions;insist that market participants support exchange traded or electronic trading platforms for CDS contracts;expand OTC derivatives market transparency;and ensure that the infrastructure for OTC derivatives can support growing volumes.Medium-term actions

Credit Ratings Agencies that provide public ratings should be registered.Supervisors and central banks should develop robust and internationally consistent approaches for liquidity supervision of, and central bank liquidity operations for, cross-border banks.Risk Management

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

Regulators should develop enhanced guidance to strengthen banks’ risk management practices, in line with international best practices, and should encourage financial firms to reexamine their internal controls and implement strengthened policies for sound risk management.Regulators should develop and implement procedures to ensure that financial firms implement policies to better manage liquidity risk, including by creating strong liquidity cushions.Supervisors should ensure that financial firms develop processes that provide for timely and comprehensive measurement of risk concentrations and large counterparty risk positions across products and geographies.Firms should reassess their risk management models to guard against stress and report to supervisors on their efforts.The Basel Committee should study the need for and help develop firms’ new stress testing models, as appropriate.Financial institutions should have clear internal incentives to promote stability, and action needs to be taken, through voluntary effort or regulatory action, to avoid compensation schemes which reward excessive short-term returns or risk taking.Banks should exercise effective risk management and due diligence over structured products and securitization.Medium-term actions

International standard setting bodies, working with a broad range of economies and other appropriate bodies, should ensure that regulatory policy makers are aware and able to respond rapidly to evolution and innovation in financial markets and products.Authorities should monitor substantial changes in asset prices and their implications for the macroeconomy and the financial system.Promoting Integrity in Financial Markets

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

Our national and regional authorities should work together to enhance regulatory cooperation between jurisdictions on a regional and international level.National and regional authorities should work to promote information sharing about domestic and cross-border threats to market stability and ensure that national(or regional, where applicable)legal provisions are adequate to address these threats.National and regional authorities should also review business conduct rules to protect markets and investors, especially against market manipulation and fraud and strengthen their cross-border cooperation to protect the international financial system from illicit actors.In case of misconduct, there should be an appropriate sanctions regime.Medium-term actions

National and regional authorities should implement national and international measures that protect the global financial system from uncooperative and non-transparent jurisdictions that pose risks of illicit financial activity.The Financial Action Task Force should continue its important work against money laundering and terrorist financing, and we support the efforts of the World Bank-UN Stolen Asset Recovery(StAR)Initiative.Tax authorities, drawing upon the work of relevant bodies such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD), should continue efforts to promote tax information exchange.Lack of transparency and a failure to exchange tax information should be vigorously addressed.Reinforcing International Cooperation

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

Supervisors should collaborate to establish supervisory colleges for all major cross-border financial institutions, as part of efforts to strengthen the surveillance of cross-border firms.Major global banks should meet regularly with their supervisory college for comprehensive discussions of the firm’s activities and assessment of the risks it faces.Regulators should take all steps necessary to strengthen cross-border crisis management arrangements, including on cooperation and communication with each other and with appropriate authorities, and develop comprehensive contact lists and conduct simulation exercises, as appropriate.Medium-term actions

Authorities, drawing especially on the work of regulators, should collect information on areas where convergence in regulatory practices such as accounting standards, auditing, and deposit insurance is making progress, is in need of accelerated progress, or where there may be potential for progress.Authorities should ensure that temporary measures to restore stability and confidence have minimal distortions and are unwound in a timely, well-sequenced and coordinated manner.Reforming International Financial Institutions

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

The FSF should expand to a broader membership of emerging economies.The IMF, with its focus on surveillance, and the expanded FSF, with its focus on standard setting, should strengthen their collaboration, enhancing efforts to better integrate regulatory and supervisory responses into the macro-prudential policy framework and conduct early warning exercises.The IMF, given its universal membership and core macro-financial expertise, should, in close coordination with the FSF and others, take a leading role in drawing lessons from the current crisis, consistent with its mandate.We should review the adequacy of the resources of the IMF, the World Bank Group and other multilateral development banks and stand ready to increase them where necessary.The IFIs should also continue to review and adapt their lending instruments to adequately meet their members’ needs and revise their lending role in the light of the ongoing financial crisis.We should explore ways to restore emerging and developing countries’ access to credit and resume private capital flows which are critical for sustainable growth and development, including ongoing infrastructure investment.In cases where severe market disruptions have limited access to the necessary financing for counter-cyclical fiscal policies, multilateral development banks must ensure arrangements are in place to support, as needed, those countries with a good track record and sound policies.Medium-term actions

We underscored that the Bretton Woods Institutions must be comprehensively reformed so that they can more adequately reflect changing economic weights in the world economy and be more responsive to future challenges.Emerging and developing economies should have greater voice and representation in these institutions.The IMF should conduct vigorous and even-handed surveillance reviews of all countries, as well as giving greater attention to their financial sectors and better integrating the reviews with the joint IMF/World Bank financial sector assessment programs.On this basis, the role of the IMF in providing macro-financial policy advice would be strengthened.Advanced economies, the IMF, and other international organizations should provide capacity-building programs for emerging market economies and developing countries on the formulation and the implementation of new major regulations, consistent with international standards.

第五篇：2011中國零售領(lǐng)袖峰會(中英文同傳)

2011中國零售領(lǐng)袖峰會（中英文同傳）

11月3日

圣爵菲斯大酒店（原湖南廣電大酒店）

10：15–10：25 致開幕詞

致辭嘉賓：郭戈平中國連鎖經(jīng)營協(xié)會會長 10：25–10：30 致歡迎詞

致辭嘉賓：王 填 中國零售領(lǐng)袖峰會董事會主席

步步高商業(yè)連鎖股份有限公司董事長 10：30-12：00 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的多渠道發(fā)展

促進消費作為中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的三大引擎之一，在新的國內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)實下，必須發(fā)揮更大的作用。零售服務(wù)業(yè)將成為中國未來十年發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略性行業(yè)。同時，零售業(yè)本身的業(yè)務(wù)模式也需要做出調(diào)整，以適應(yīng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)生態(tài)環(huán)境”的演變成熟和消費者的變化。傳統(tǒng)零售領(lǐng)導(dǎo)企業(yè)更面臨如何管理跨渠道發(fā)展的沖突，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為二級市場拓展速度和服務(wù)優(yōu)勢的重要課題。可以肯定的是，未來的中國零售格局將發(fā)生很大變化，如何獲取互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的市場機遇將是形成和保持領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位的重要條件。我們將邀請跨渠道傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)袖和新興網(wǎng)購企業(yè)來共同探討這個課題。

主持嘉賓：陳有剛

麥肯錫公司全球董事 對話嘉賓：孫為民

蘇寧電器集團副董事長

賴偉宣

天虹商場股份有限公司首席執(zhí)行官、董事總經(jīng)理 于

剛

一號店電子商務(wù)有限公司創(chuàng)始人、董事長 Janet Hoffman 埃森哲全球零售業(yè)總裁

14：00-14：20 資本協(xié)助提煉連鎖企業(yè)的核心競爭力 演講嘉賓：鐘

東

英聯(lián)投資合伙人

14：20-15：30 資本運作助力企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展

零售企業(yè)借助資本的力量完成上市的目標(biāo)，只是一個良好的開端。企業(yè)上市之后，通過資本運作加速規(guī)模擴張，并購整合又是一個重要的方式。零售企業(yè)如何與資本成功對接？論壇嘉賓都來自在資本市場上異軍突起、長袖善舞的企業(yè)，他們將以親身經(jīng)歷從不同角度現(xiàn)場解讀資本運作與企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展的關(guān)系及資本運作的秘笈。主持嘉賓：朱

舫

中國連鎖經(jīng)營協(xié)會首席顧問

對話嘉賓：余葉嘉莉

普華永道會計師事務(wù)所中國及亞太區(qū)零售及消費品行業(yè)主管合伙人

陳曉東

銀泰百貨（集團）有限公司執(zhí)行董事、首席執(zhí)行官 梅思勰

高鑫零售有限公司首席執(zhí)行官

陳念慈

三江購物俱樂部股份有限公司董事長兼總裁

15：30-15：50 為店鋪創(chuàng)造差異化

演講嘉賓：賀世民

TCC亞洲區(qū)區(qū)域業(yè)務(wù)拓展總監(jiān) 15：50-16：10 創(chuàng)新、發(fā)現(xiàn) 提升商業(yè)價值 演講嘉賓：唐希勇

高德軟件有限公司副總裁

北京圖盟科技有限公司總經(jīng)理

16：10-16：30 茶歇

16：30-18：00 商業(yè)模式的轉(zhuǎn)型與升級

新崛起的網(wǎng)上商店在大力分割市場，而規(guī)模、成本、效益、技術(shù)、人員等因素卻并未減輕對傳統(tǒng)零售業(yè)者的考驗，未來的路怎么走？

是回歸本質(zhì)，還是不斷創(chuàng)新，抑或是兼而用之?? 讓我們聆聽成功者的自訴和剖析。主持嘉賓：張智強

SPAR北京總裁 對話嘉賓：黃秀虹

國美控股集團總裁

王

填

步步高商業(yè)連鎖股份有限公司董事長

陳立平

首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)工商管理學(xué)院市場營銷系主任、教授 荀振英

廣百股份有限公司董事長

18：00-18：15 峰會總結(jié)

18：30–20：30 2011中國零售領(lǐng)袖峰會及中國連鎖經(jīng)營協(xié)會三屆六次理事會交流暨頒獎晚宴

地點：長沙明城國際大酒店

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