第一篇：一般過去時與一般現在時的區分

一、一般過去時與一般現在時定義及結構的區分

1）概念

一般過去時：過去發生的動作或是狀態

a.表示過去某個時間里發生的動作或狀態；

b.過去習慣性、經常性的動作、行為；

c.過去主語所具備的能力和性格。

一般現在時：現在通常性、規律性、習慣性的動作或是狀態 a.表示經常發生的動作，是一般情況不是具體的某一件事； b.長期存在的一種狀態；

c.永恒的事實或真理，諺語等。

2)基本構成 并不能

A．謂語動詞是實義動詞時的結構：

一般過去時：

肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其他

否定句：主語+did+not+動詞+其他

疑問句：Did+主語+動詞+其他

特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞+其他 否定疑問句：Did+主語+not+動詞+其他

一般現在時：

肯定句：主語+動詞或（動詞+s）+其他

否定句：主語+do/does+not+動詞+其他

疑問句：Do/Does+主語+動詞+其他

特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does+主語+動詞+其他 否定疑問句：Do/Does+主語+not+動詞+其他

注：變化最大的在于:do/does→did(過去式的動詞變化)

B.謂語動詞是助動詞時：

a． Be 動詞

一般過去時：

肯定句：主語+was(were)+表語

否定句：主語+was(were)+not+表語

疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+表語

特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was(were)+主語+表語 否定疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+not+表語

一般現在時：

肯定句：主語+be動詞+表語

否定句：主語+be動詞 +not+表語

疑問句：Be動詞 +主語+表語

特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be動詞+主語+表語

否定疑問句：Be動詞 +主語+not+表語

注意：am(I)、is（he/she/it）→was

Are(we/you/they)→were

第三人稱時，動詞要進行變化。

b.have/has

一般過去時：

肯定句：主語+had+表語

否定句：主語+had+not+表語

疑問句：Had +主語+表語Did+主語+have+表語

特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+have/has+表語

否定疑問句：Did +主語+have/has+not+表語

一般現在時：

肯定句：主語+have/has+表語

否定句：主語+have/has +not+表語

疑問句：Do/Does+主語+have/has+表語

特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+have/has +主語+表語

否定疑問句：Do/Does +主語+not+表語

注意：不管是過去時還是現在時，疑問句都需要助動詞did或do.c.情態動詞過去式：

一般過去時：將情態動詞變成過去式，后面加原形，其他句型轉變的規

則與be動詞基本一致。

shall―will―can—may―must―

have to―

例：I can swim.肯定句:

否定句：

疑問句：

3)怎樣從時間狀語上判斷一般現在時和一般過去時

一般過去時：

yesterday(morning,afternoon,evening)；the day before yesterday ；

last night(week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century 世紀）； ago ；this morning/afternoon/evening ；when引導的狀語從句（過去時）；

just now ；the other day--a few days ago；

at the age of 10（過去年齡段）；in the old days

一般現在時：

always,usually,regularly,every

morning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes,occasionally,from time to time, twice a week, rarely, seldom, once a month, hardly, ever, never

4)一般過去時與一般現在時動詞的變化規則：

一般過去時：

A.規則動詞過去式的構成有四條規則：

①一般在動詞原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。

②以不發音的字母e結尾的動詞，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。

③末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed。

如：stop-stopped。

④末尾是輔音字母+y結尾的動詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。

如：study-studied。

B.不規則動詞的過去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went,come-came, take-took, have(has)-had等。

注: 課本后面都有不規則動詞的變化，需熟記。

一般現在時：

a.一般情況下，加-s;

b.以s, sh, ch, x，o等結尾的詞, 加 –es;

c.以輔音字母+y結尾的詞, 變y 為i再加es.一、課堂練習

一）、寫出下列動詞的三單形式和過去式

三單過去式三單過去式三單過去式三單過去式

buy _______ _______fly _____ _______plant ______ _______study ______ _______

drink _____ ______play_____ _______go ______ _______make ______ _______

do _______ ______dance ______ ______worry ______ _______ask _______ _______

taste _____ ______put ________ ________

let ______ ______run _______ _______keep _____ _______have______ ________

find _____ ______get____ring _______ ________

write_____ _______ sleep _______ _______give _____ _______stop______ _______

二）.用正確的動詞形式填空

1.The children ___________(run)everyday.2.-I ________ up at half past six this morning.(get)

-My father always __________(come)back from work very late.3.My mother ____________ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon.(buy)

4.They ________ _________ a meeting yesterday.(not have)

5.-______ you _________(have)any color pens?-Sorry, I don’t have any.6.She likes eggs, but she __________________(not like)bread.7.My mother(tell)me a story every night.8.– How much meat ________ you ___________(want)?-A kilo,please.9.Someone __________(be)in the next room.10.There __________(be)a pen and two erasers in the pencil-box.11.You must _________(get)here at two this afternoon.12.The twins _________ thirteen two years ago.(be)

13.We must __________(help)the teacher carry it.14.Who __________(teach)you English in your school?

15.The teacher is busy.He only __________(sleep)five hours a day.16.Near our school there _________(be)a shop, it _________(sell)a lot of

books.17..18.What _______ he _________(like)?

19.He __________(teach)English in a middle school.20.Y21.He can ___________(sing)this song.22.Let’s ___________(help)my mother ___________(cook).23.I think Li Lei must ______________(be)at school.24.There __________(be)some bread and meat on the table.25.Liu Ying _______________(study)in Beijing these days.26.Han Meimei often ____________(play)games after school.27.Lily __________(be)a Young Pioneer.三）.句型轉換

1.They came to China in 1990.(變一般疑問句)

__________ they ________ to China in 1990?

2.I was ill for two days last week?(同上)

________ you ill for two days last week?

3.The twins go to school on foot every day.(同上)

_________ the twins _______ to school on foot every day?

4.She washed the clothes last Sunday.(變否定句)

She _________ ________ the clothes last Sunday.5.My mother likes her students.(變一般疑問句)

_______________________________________

6.Do you watch TV on Sunday?(用last Sunday 改寫成過去時態的句子)______________________________________________

7.Wei Hua bought a new pen yesterday.(變否定句)

She ________ ________ a new pen yesterday.8.We had a meeting the day before yesterday.(變一般疑問句)

_______ you _______ a meeting the day before yesterday?________ ________ the twins _______ a good time?

10.There were some cars in front of the house just now.否定句：There _______ ________ cars in front of the house just now.一般疑問句：______ there _____ cars in front of the house just now? 否定句：He ________ _______ to the zoo with his father yesterday.一般疑問句：______ he ______ to the zoo with his father yesterday? 特殊疑問句：heyesterday?否定句：Mary usually _______ ________ games with her grandparents.一般疑問句：______ Mary usually ________ games with her grandparents? 特殊疑問句：Mary usually?

13.Mary does her homework well.否定句：Maryher homework well.一般疑問句：Maryher homework well?

二、作業布置

一）填空They____(be)on the farm a moment ago.There____(be)a shop not long ago.Jenny____(not go)to bed until 11:00 o'clock last night.Danny _____(read)English five minutes ago.I _____(see)Li Lei ____(go)out just now.He ____(do)his homework every day.But he __(not do)it yesterday.7 When I was young, I _____(play)games with my friends.When ____you_____(write)this book? I _____it last year.Did he____(have)lunch at home?

11.There __________(be)some bread and meat on the table.13.Liu Ying _______________(study)in Beijing these days.14.They _____________________(clean)the floor now.15.Han Meimei often ____________(play)games after school.二）改錯

1.Does he enjoys listening to music?

2.Mary’s mother was ill yesterday.She has to stay at home to look after her.3.My teacher was angry because I am late.4.The boy has a party at home now.5.I were went to the library with my friends two hours ago.6.He spends much time reading book last weekend.7.Linda can helps his mother clean the room.8.I buyed a large bag of milk in the supermarket.9.Someone are looking at you.10.I am go fishing now.

第二篇：一般過去時與一般現在時定義及結構的區分

一、一般過去時與一般現在時定義及結構的區分

1）概念一般過去時：過去發生的動作或是狀態a.表示過去某個時間里發生的動作或狀態； b.過去習慣性、經常性的動作、行為； c.過去主語所具備的能力和性格。

一般現在時：現在通常性、規律性、習慣性的動作或是狀態a.表示經常發生的動作，是一般情況不是具體的某一件事； b.長期存在的一種狀態； c.永恒的事實或真理，諺語等。

2)基本構成A．主謂（謂語動詞是實意動詞）（賓）：

一般過去時：肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其他；否定句：主語+did+not+動詞+其他；疑問句：Did+主語+動詞+其他；特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞+其他；否定疑問句：Did+主語+not+動詞+其他

一般現在時：肯定句：主語+動詞或（動詞+s）+其他；否定句：主語+do/does+not+動詞+其他 疑問句：Do/Does+主語+動詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does+主語+動詞+其他 否定疑問句：Do/Does+主語+not+動詞+其他注：變化最大的在于:do/does→did(過去式的動詞變化)

B.謂語動詞是助動詞時：

a． Be 動詞 一般過去時：肯定句：主語+was(were)+表語 否定句：主語+was(were)+not+表語 疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+表語特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was(were)+主語+表語 否定疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+not+表語 一般現在時：肯定句：主語+be動詞+表語 否定句：主語+be動詞 +not+表語疑問句：Be動詞 +主語+表語特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be動詞+主語+表語 否定疑問句：Be動詞 +主語+not+表語 注意：am(I)、is（he/she/it）→wasAre(we/you/they)→were第三人稱時，動詞要進行變化。

b.have/has一般過去時：肯定句：主語+had+表語否定句：主語+had+not+表語疑問句：Had +主語+表語Did+主語+have+表語 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+have/has+表語 否定疑問句：Did +主語+have/has+not+表語 一般現在時：肯定句：主語+have/has+表語否定句：主語+have/has +not+表語 疑問句：Do/Does+主語+have/has+表語 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+have/has +主語+表語 否定疑問句：Do/Does +主語+not+表語注意：不管是過去時還是現在時，疑問句都需要助動詞did或do.c.情態動詞過去式：一般過去時：將情態動詞變成過去式，后面加原形，其他句型轉變的規 則與be動詞基本一致。Shall will can may must have to 例：I can swim.3)怎樣從時間狀語上判斷一般現在時和一般過去時一般過去時yesterday(morning,afternoon,evening)the day before yesterday last night(week Sunday weekend month winter year,century 世紀）；ago ；this morning/afternoon/evening ；when引導的狀語從句（過去時）；just now ；the other day--a few days ago；at the age of 10（過去年齡段）；in the old days

一般現在時always usually regularly every morning /night/evening/day/week often sometimes occasionally from time to time, twice a week, rarely, seldom, once a month, hardly, ever, never

4)一般過去時與一般現在時動詞的變化規則： 一般過去時：A.規則動詞過去式的構成有四條規則：①一般在動詞原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。②以不發音的字母e結尾的動詞，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。③末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。④末尾是輔音字母+y結尾的動詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。B.不規則動詞的過去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went,come-came, take-took, have(has)-had等。注: 課本后面都有不規則動詞的變化，需熟記。一般現在時：a.一般情況下，加-s;b.以s, sh, ch, x，o等結尾的詞, 加 –es;c.以輔音字母+y結尾的詞, 變y 為i再加es

第三篇：一般過去時和一般現在時對比

一般過去時

含義:表示過去發生的動作或狀態。

句子結構： 主語+動詞過去式+其他

提示詞：yesterday,last Sunday,in 2001, when I was 9....動詞過去式的規則變化：

1.直接在詞尾加 ed

2.以e結尾之直接加d

3.以輔元輔結尾，雙寫最后一個輔音字母加ed

4.以輔音加y結尾，把y改成ied

常見動詞的不規則變化

am/is---was是draw—drew畫畫fly---flew飛are----were 是make---made制作sing---sang唱歌have---had 有catch---caught抓住say---said 說話get---got得到do---did做sit---sat 坐go---went去sleep---slept睡覺give---gave給speak---spoke說take---took拿ride---rode騎eat---ate 吃buy---bought買read---read讀see---saw看見come---came來drink---drank喝swim---swam游泳write---wrote寫meet—met 遇見send—sent發送cut—cut切斷find—found 發現tell—told 告訴wear-wore穿著

一般現在時

含義：表示現在經常發生的動作或者狀態，以及客觀事實和永恒真理。

句子結構:主語+動詞+其他

提示詞：often,usually,always,sometimes,on Sundays,every day...注意點：當主語是第三人稱單數時，動詞要用單三形式。

動詞單三的變化規則：

1)直接在詞尾加sswim-swims

2)當詞尾是s,x,sh,ch,o時，加esgo-goes

3)當詞尾是輔音字母加y時，把y改為iescarry-carries

4)特殊變化：have-hasbe-is

第四篇：一般現在時和一般過去時被動語態練習

一般現在時和一般過去時練習

一、將下列句子改為被動結構：

1.My cousin bought a color TV set.______________________________________________________________ 2.My brother mended his watch last night.________________________________________________________ 3.Mother made a big cake for us yesterday.________________________________________________________ 4.They painted the table green last week.__________________________________________________________ 5.They found some money lying on the floor.______________________________________________________ 6.She showed me her new skirt._________________________________________________________________ 7.His mother made him do his homework carefully._________________________________________________ 8.My uncle used up all of his money._____________________________________________________________ 9.He told me to wait for him at the school gate._____________________________________________________ 10.John didn’t answer all the phones.____________________________________________________________ 11.He didn’t see me in the street yesterday.________________________________________________________ 12.Did Mike break the glass? ___________________________________________________________________

二、用正確的時態和語態填空

1.It is a fine day.The sun _________________(shine)brightly.2.The students _______ often __________(tell)to take care of their desks and chairs.3.Mr Brown _________________(live)in Beijing since he came to China.4.The Smiths _________________(watch)TV at this time last night.5.The teacher said that the moon __________(go)round the earth.6.Apples _________________(grow)in this farm.7.Russian _____________(learn)as the second language by some students in China.8.The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it ______________(not rain)this Sunday.9.Listen!They _______________(talk)about the new film.10.My mobile phone _______________(steal)on a bus last week.11.The Greens _________________(watch)TV now.12.He said that he ___________________(ring)me up when he got there.13.We _________________(learn)English for about three years.14.The red skirt _____________(cost)the girl forty yuan.15.You _______________(can catch)the early bus if you get up early.16.I’ll go home as soon as I ______________(finish)my homework.17.The cinema _______________(bulid)in 1985.18.Most science books are _________________(write)in English.三、按要求改寫下列句子

1.Is tea grown in South China？（改為主動語態）_______ people _________ tea in South China 2.I am given a present by my parents every year．（同義句轉換）

A present __________ _________ __________ __________by my parents every year練習． 3.People use metal for making machines.(改為被動語態)Metal __________ ___________ __________making machines.4.He asked me do that for him.(改為被動語態)I _________ __________ __________ _________ that for him.5.Did they construct reconnect here a year ago?(改為被動語態)__________ a reconnect ____________ here by them a year ago? 6.We call the game “Lianliankan”.(改為被動語態)The game __________ ___________ “Lianliankan” by us.

第五篇：一般過去時與現在完成時,過去完成 的區分

一般過去時與現在完成時用法比較

過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。

過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。一般過去時的時間狀語:

yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語

共同的時間狀語:

this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately

現在完成時的時間狀語

for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。舉例：

I saw this film yesterday.（強調看的動作發生過了。）

I have seen this film.（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）

Why did you get up so early?（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）

Who hasn't handed in his paper?（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）

She has returned from Paris.她已從巴黎回來了。

She returned yesterday.她是昨天回來了。

He has been in the League for three years.(在團內的狀態可延續)

He has been a League member for three years.(是團員的狀態可持續)

He joined the League three years ago.(三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)I have finished my homework now.---Will somebody go and get Dr.White?

---He's already been sent for.句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。

（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.一般過去時與過去完成時

一般過去時與過去完成時的 11 個測試點

一般過去時與過去完成時都可表示過去的動作或狀態，它們既有聯系又有區別，極易混淆。

1.表示過去未實現的希望、計劃或打算，用過去完成時。常用的動詞有 intend , mean , hope , expect , suppose , think , want 等。

I had meant to call on you , but was prevented from doing so.我本打算給你打電話，但被其它事給耽擱了。

We had hoped to be able to come and see you.我們本來打算能來看望你。

They had wanted to help her but couldn’t get there in time.他們本想幫她的忙，卻沒有及時趕到那里。

過去完成時的這種用法也可以換為：

Had + hoped(…)= hoped + to + have + done

I had wanted to see you , but found you were out.= I wanted to have seen you , but found you were out.2.在由 told , said , knew , heard , thought 等動詞后的賓語從句中常用過去完成時。She said she had never been to Paris.3.注意在句型 hardly … when , no sooner … than 的主句中用過去完成時。當 hardly 和 no sooner 謂語句首時主句要用倒裝結構。

She had hardly sat down when she heard her name called by the monitor.= Hardly had she sat down when she heard her name called by the teacher.4.表達過去兩個動作如第一個動作完成后才能引起第二個動作，則第一個動作用過去完成時，第二個用一般過去時。

When he had drunk all the wine , he left his house.When he reached home , he found his house had been broken into and lot of things stolen.5.若句中有表示過去的時間時，在由 had rather ； I wish 后的賓語從句中用過去完成時。I would rather you had told me the truth last time.我寧愿你上次把實話告訴我。

She wished she had been there yesterday.(事實是： She wasn’t there)

6.在與過去相反的虛擬語氣中，條件句用過去完成時。特別要注意該結構省if 后的倒裝結構。If John had studied hard last term , he would have made great progress.Had he known that you were busy last week , he wouldn’t have given you so much trouble.7.在過去某時之前的繼續動作，表示某事繼續到過去某時已有一段時間，則用過去完成時，并與for , since 等詞連用。

He had been ill for a week when he was went to the hospital.他被送醫院時已病了一星期了。He said he had worked in that factory since 1984.他說他從 1984 年以來 一直在那家工廠工作。

8.兩個或兩個以上的動作，用 and , then 或 but 等連接，按照動作發生的順序表達時，用一般過去時，表示過去發生的連續的動作。

The man got up , put on his cap and went away.那人站了起來，戴上帽子走了。

I lost the hat which I had bought.9.過去完成時以過去某時間為起點，表示過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成的動作或存在的狀態。也就是，過去完成時是一個相對的時態，表示的是“過去的過去”，只和過去某時間或某動作相比較時才能用到它。

一般過去時以現在時間為起點，表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態。He died three years ago.他三年前死了。

The film had already begun when I got to the cinema.我到達電影院時，電影已經開始了。

We had learned 1000 English words by the end of last term.到上學期末我們已學了 1000 個英語單詞。

10.在間接引語中，以過去完成時代替直接引語中的一般過去時和現在完成時。但是如果敘述的是歷史事實時，只用一般過去時，不用過去完成時。

She said that she had seen the film.她說她已看過這個電影。

He asked me whether I had done it the night before.他問我昨天是否做了那件事。

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered(不用 had discovered)America in 1492.我們老師告訴我們哥倫布是 1492 年發現美洲的。

由 before , after , as soon as 等引導的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已表示出時間的先后比較緊湊，所以可用過去時來代替過去完成時。

After he closed the door , he left the house.他關上門，離開了屋子。

We(had)arrived home before it rained.下雨前我們到家了。

試比較下列兩句的時態：

The train started just before we reached the station.The train had gone when we arrived the station.另外，常與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有 already , still , yet , just , ever , never , hardly , scarcely 以及由 by , before , since , for ,after , until , as soon as 等構成的短語或從句。

常與一般過去時連用的時間狀語有： yesterday , last night , then , at that time , just now , a few days ago, in 1960 , once upon a time 以及由when , while , after , before 等引導的表示過去時間的狀語從句。

現在完成時與過去完成時的比較用法

一：兩種完成時的主要用法

A現在完成時的主要用法：

1)表示過去發生或已經完成的某一對現在造成的影響或結果的動作。例如：

-Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?

-Yes,Ihavejusthadit.2)表示過去已經開始，一直持續到現在的動作或狀態。可以表示從過去從某一事可延續到現在(包括”現在”在內)的一段時間的狀語連用.此時動詞多是延續性動詞。例如：

Ihavebeenat this schoolfor2years.-Iamsorrytokeepyou waiting.-Oh, notatall.Ihavebeenhereonlyfewminutes.B過去完成時的主要用法如下：

1)過去完成時至一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作以前已經完成或結束，即發生在”過去的過去”。例如：

When Iwokeup, ithasstopraining.2)過去完成時是一個相對的時態，表示“過去的過去”，只有和過去某一時間或某一動作相比較時才能使用。

Hetoldmehehadwrittenanewbook.3)過去完成時通常需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時間而獨立存在。此時多與 already/yet/still/before/just/never等時間adv及 by/at/before/until等引導詞的組或從句連用。

Before dark yesterday we had repaired all the broken desks.4)過去完成時某一動作或狀態在過去某時間之前已經開始，一直延續到這已過去時間，而且動作尚未結束，仍然有繼續下去的可能。

By the end of last year he had taught in this school for 20 years.5)在wish引導的賓語從句中，若表示過去的一種難以實現的愿望時，常用過去完成時。I wish had not made a single mistake in last exam.6）動詞如hope/expect/think/mean/suppose/want等后接不定式或賓語從句，若表示過去為實現的愿望，打算或意圖，嘗使用過去完成時，其后的分句則通常用一般過去時。

I had wanted to see you, but I was too busy to get away.二 兩種時態的判斷依據

A.現在完成時的判斷依據：凡表示過去發生或已經完成且對現在造：凡表示過去發生或已經完成且對現在造成影響或結果的動作；或過去已經開始，一直持續到現在的動作或狀態，可以用現在完成時。

I have washed my clothes.B.過去完成時判斷的依據：

1)過去完成時的句子中一般都以一個明確的時間或裝于從句來表示過去某一個時間點；而在含有賓語從句的句子中，主語的動詞就表示過去的某一時間點。也就是說時間點就是過去完成時判斷依據.Jims aid that he had seen the film twice.注意過去的過去這種邏輯關系有時需要通過上下文體現,而不一定受時間狀語的限制.There had been someone in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.2)過去完成時常用于一些固定的關系中.如意為”一??就”,其主句多使用過去完成時.Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.3)在沒有明確的過去時間狀語標志時,位于東磁發生的時間的先后順序依據上下文來判斷;后發生的用一般過去時.Jim had not studied hard, so he did not pass the exam.4)當兩個獲兩個以上接連發生的動作用and或but連接時,安事件發生順序,可用一般過去時來代替過去完成時;另外,在等引導的從句中,由于這些詞本身已經表示出時間的先后, 所以也可以用過去時來代替過去完成時.He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down.I(had)called him before left here.