第一篇：Since發展規劃[本站推薦]

Science發展規劃

Science報社自創建以來，受到學院各級領導的鼓勵和關注，擁有制作部、策劃部、新聞部、采編部四個部門，工作基本步入正軌。以后報社計劃在原有的部門之上增加宣傳部、記者團、新聞中心部以形成完整的責任負責制體系，進一步加緊部門構建和增設完善報社機構設置，使報社朝著規范化和專業化方向發展。重視編輯團隊。編輯部是報社的未來，培養工作關系到報社的命運和進一步的延續發展。編輯部門實際上應該稱作編輯策劃部，除了文字的編改外還應該擔負起報紙的報道形式策劃，組織排版。

各個版面固定責任編輯，責任編輯做好負責的版面，以及關于板式的設計，各個編輯團隊定期交流溝通。各個報道組除了完成規定的任務以外，要按月策劃一期深度報道，各組可以合作完成。

報社的每個成員應該具備過硬的專業技能、理論修養，鼓勵他們多去圖書館閱讀一些周刊雜志，一步步將報社打造成一個專業化水準較高的優秀報社。報社基本路線：立足校園，高舉輿論監督和人文關懷兩個方面，倡導思想自由，努力爭創新銳媒體，爭做建設性大報。

版面安排：

（1）頭版深度報道，關注園區動態新聞，盡量體現其實效性。

（2）二版標題定位為“縱深”，即深度的報道，深度的思想。不局限與校園事件，放眼社會，擴寬讀者的視野。比如與社會和大學生聯系緊密的話題“大學生兼職就業”等方面的內容，從純理性的角度出發，輔以真實可靠的社會調查和鮮活的社會資料。

（3）三版可以稱作原創版，長期向全校征集稿件，定期舉辦征文比賽，為獲獎的作者頒發獎狀和禮品，并且在三版刊登。但是三版的內容一定要真實具有可讀性，文章形式多樣可以是散文，雜文，如果可以可能會出現優秀的長篇的小說等，要大膽要一針見血，給人以深思，能夠觸懂讀者的心靈，從中得到啟發。

（4）四版人物專訪要突出特色性，重點報道學年里先進的學生和事跡，通過人物專訪傳播他們優秀的品質。

第二篇：Since報社簡介

Since報社簡介

Since報社，是由黑龍江八一農墾大學理學院分團委批準成立的學生社團。其前身為文理學院Sesame報社。

Since報社是在院分團委的領導下，由我院學生自發組織的文學社團。其一直秉承和發揚“思想引領、服務學生”的辦刊宗旨，集聚學院的辦報精英，吸收Science的辦報人才，嚴格執行學校、學院相關的管理制度，以倡導校園主流文化為指導思想，以服務學生健康成長為己任，在院分團委的關切領導下，校學生會社團部和全體師生的關心支持下，以成為學院學生工作的宣傳窗口，廣大文學愛好者暢談心聲，揮筆灑墨的園地，彰顯學院、學校特色，各專業學習交流的場所。

目前，Since報社成員共5人，社長一人，制作部、新聞部、采編部、策劃部各一人。報社成立至今，承擔理學院軍訓快報和《THEM》的制作和發行，成立至今，受到了理學院領導和學生的喜愛和好評。

報社目前并未承擔任何大型活動。

理學院Since報社，依托理學院良好的學術氛圍，利用電腦技術制作報紙為同學們提供最新的新聞資訊和科學前沿報道。

報社未來勢必會廣納賢才，為報社納入新鮮的血液，在未來，我們會重視編輯團隊，由各部部長負責培養新一代的新生編輯。新編輯是報社的未來，培養工作關系到報社的命運和進一步的延續發展，各編應該擔負起培養重任，讓新生逐漸勝任責任編輯重任。

重視記者團隊，一張報紙的生存之基是新聞（包括消息、通訊、深度報道、事件背景挖掘、新聞評論等），這些不是編輯一手包辦，需要記者的采集配合，但編輯部門和記者團隊作為兩個獨立的部門，協作起來會有裂縫，存在信息傳遞的不及時性，相互的理解也會有一定的偏差，不能達到預期的效果。因此我們將組建的記者團隊應該擔當一部分的編輯責任，以消除記者團、編輯部兩個部門的隔閡。理解的偏差、工作上的不得力，事實上形成兩部門形式上的獨立，實質上交融的體制。

理學院Since報社立足校園，高舉輿論監督和人文關懷兩個方面，倡導思想自由，努力爭創新銳媒體，爭做建設性大報。具體闡述為八個第一，第一新聞深度、第一輿論監督、第一人文關懷、第一新銳批判、第一主流建設、第一思想文化、第一歡迎度、第一發行量。

第三篇：since用法小結

Since常見的四種用法

1)since +過去一個時間點(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、1980, last month, half past six)。I have been here since 1989.2)since +一段時間+ ago

I have been here since five months ago.3)since +從句

Great changes have taken place since you left.Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.4)It is +一段時間+ since從句

It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.Since用法詳解：我們都知道since的用法主要有兩點：一是表示“自從……以來”，二是表示“既然”之意。但如果只了解詞的含義而不了解其用法，在使用時就會造成錯誤。例如：I have not heard from him since I lived in Shanghai.不少人會望文生義，將該句理解為：“自從我住在上海以來，就再也沒有收到他的信。”而實際上這個句子的含義并非如此，那么正確的理解是什么呢？讓我們先來看看since作連詞引導時間狀語從句的用法。

一、若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性動詞的過去時，則從句表示的時間是“從動作開始的那一時刻起”，這是最常見的一種用法。如： He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自從他來到我們學校，學習就非常努力。

二、若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續性動詞或表示狀態的動詞的過去時，則從句表示的時間是“從那個持續動作或狀態結束時算起”。如：

John is now with his parents in New York;it is already three years since he was a teacher.約翰現在和父母一起住在紐約，他不當教師已經三年了。

本文開始出現的那個句子就可以譯為“自從我離開上海，就再也沒有收到他的信。”這種句型常被人們誤解，我們再多舉幾個例子看看：

It is half a month since he was a League member.他退團半個月了。

It”s been quite some time since I was in London.我離開倫敦已很長時間了。

比較：He has written to me frequently since I was ill.自從我病愈以來，他經常給我寫信。（從句謂語為狀態動詞）He has written to me frequently since I fell ill.自從我生病以來，他就經常給我寫信。（從句謂語為終止性動詞）

三、若since引導的狀語從句的謂語為持續性動詞的現在完成時，則表示動作和狀態延續到現在（說話時刻），其表示的時間的起點應從動作發生之時算起。如： I haven”t heard from him since he has lived there。自從他住在那兒起，我就一直沒收到他的來信。

這里has lived表示動作的持續性，時間的起點應從“開始居住”時算起。Since we have owned a car, we have gone camping every year。自從我們自己有了汽車，我們每年都去野營。試比較： Since I”ve been at this school, we have had three headmasters.自從我到這所學校，我們已換了三個校長了。Since I was at this school, they have had three headmasters.自從我離開這所學校，他們已換了三個校長了。

由此可見，since引導的從句中，持續動詞的一般過去時和現在完成時所表示的意思恰好相反。換言之，前者以肯定的語法形式反映著否定的邏輯內容，而后者的形式與內容是一致的。It is + 一段時間 + since...這個句型與It has been + 一段時間 + since...意思相同。如： It is ten years / It has been ten years since they last met.自從他們上次碰面之后已經10年過去了。Since 用法小結

一．Since作為介詞，后接某一確定的時間點，主句謂語動詞是持續性動詞，常與現在完成時態、現在完成進行時態或過去完成時態連用。例如：

1、He left the village in 1982 and I haven’t seen him since then.1982年他離開這個村子，從那以后我再沒見過他。

2、She’s been working in a bank since leaving school.她中學畢業后就一直在一家銀行工作。

3.He had spoken to her only once since the party.自從那次聚會以來，他只跟她說過一次話。

二．Since作為副詞，表示從過去以來、以后或到現在的情形或狀態，常與現在完成時態連用。例如： 1．He left home two weeks ago and we haven’t heard from him since.他兩周前離開了家，到現在我們一直沒有他的消息。

2．He came to Zhenjiang 6 years ago and has lived here(ever)since.三．since引導原因狀語從句

作為連詞，since可引導原因狀語從句，表示因為；既然；鑒于：例如：

1． He didn’t come since he was busy.他因為忙，所以沒有來。

2． Since this method doesn’t work, let’s try another.既然這種方法不行，我們就試用另一種吧。

四．Since引導時間狀語從句

1．若since引導的狀語從句的謂語是終止性動詞的過去時，則從句表示的時間是“從動作開始的那一時刻起”。例如：

He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自從他來到我們學校，他學習就非常努力。

We have been missing them since they left here自從他們離開這里，我們就一直很想念他們。

2．若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續性動詞或表示狀態動詞的過去時時，則從句表示的時間是“從動作或狀態結束時算起”。例如：

I haven’t heard any noise since I slept.Sleep 為持續性動詞，sleep的動作結束時，即“醒來”時，所以這句應譯為“我醒后還未聽到任何聲音”。

3．若since引導的狀語從句的謂語為持續性動詞的現在完成時，則表示動作和狀態延續到現在（說話時刻），其表示的時間的起點應從動作發生之時算起。例如：I haven’t heard from him since he has lived there。這里has lived表示動作的持續性，時間的起點應從：“開始居住”時算起。因此此句可理解為“自從他（開始）住在那兒起，我就一直沒收到他的來信”。

五．Since在特殊句型中的應用

句型I：“It is（has been）+時間+since+持續性動詞的過去時”，表示“自從……以來到現在已有多久。”例如：

It has been quite some time since I was last in London.我上次離開倫敦至今頗有一段時間了。句型II：“It was+時間+since+持續性動詞的過去完成時”,表示“從……到過去某時間點以來”，例如：It was three years since we had been here.那時我們在這已呆了三年。

since是一個用法極活躍的詞，也是高考中的重點考查詞匯，現就其用法歸納如下： 一? 用作介詞，意思是“從……以來，自從”，常與完成時連用。

I haven’t written home since Christmas.自圣誕節以來，我未曾寫信回家。

二? 用作副詞，意思是“從那時以后(一直到現在)”，“其后(到現在之間)”;ever since從那以后一直(更加強調since的用法)。

Things have not changed very much since.從那時起，情況并沒有太大的改變。

His first book was a great success and he has been famous as a writer ever since.他的第一本書非常暢銷，從那時起他就成了一位名作家。

He got a job with the firm in 1970 and has worked there ever since.他從1970年開始在那家公司任職，之后就一直在那里工作。

三? 用作連詞

1.引導原因狀語從句，相當于now that，意思是“因為……，既然……，鑒于……”。

Since the rain has stopped，let’s go for a walk.既然雨停了，我們出去散散步吧。

Since we are young，we shouldn’t be too afraid of making mistakes.因為我們還年輕，所以不應該太害怕犯錯誤。

注意：since表示原因時，語氣比because弱，表示的原因是對方已知的，或是句中不很重要的部分，是附帶的原因，因此引導的從句不是信息的焦點，不能回答why的提問，也不能用在強調句型中作為被強調的內容。since引導的從句往往放在主句之前。

2.引導時間狀語從句，此用法較復雜。

(1)若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性動詞(如go，come，leave，start，begin等)的過去時，則從句表示的時間是“從該動作開始的那一時刻起”。這是最常見的一種用法。如：

He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自從來到我們學校，他學習就非常努力。

Great changes have taken place in our school since you left.自從你離開這里，我們學校發生了很大的變化。

(2)若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續性動詞或表示狀態的靜態動詞(如live，stay，study，learn，smoke，be等)的過去時，則從句表示的時間是“從該動作或狀態的完成或結束時算起”。如：

I haven’t heard from him since he lived here.這句話應譯為：從他不住這兒起，我一直沒有收到他的信。

I haven’t eaten snakes since I was a student at school.was表示狀態，因此該句可理解為：I haven’t eaten snakes since I left school.自從我畢業后就一直沒吃過蛇。

試比較：

He has written to me frequently since I was ill.自從我病愈以來，他經常給我寫信。(從句謂語為狀態動詞)

He has written to me frequently since I fell ill.自從我生病以來，他經常給我寫信。(從句謂語為終止性動詞)

(3)若since引導的狀語從句的謂語為持續性動詞或靜態動詞的現在完成時，則表示動作和狀態延續到現在(說話時刻)，其表示的時間的起點應從動作發生之時算起。如：

He has written to me frequently since I have been ill.這里have been ill表示狀態的持續性，時間的起點應從：“開始生病”時算起。因此此句可理解為：“自從我生病以來，他經常給我寫信。”

試比較：

I’ve written her 20 letters since I have been here.自從我來到這，我已經給她寫了20封信。(從開始算起)

I’ve written her 20 letters since I was here.自從我離開這兒，我已經給她寫了20封信。(從結束算起)

(4)It is + 段時間 + since.../ It has been + 段時間 + since...表示“從……起已有多長時間了”。兩句型意思相同，前者是規范說法，后者是口語說法。

用法：since從句中常用一般過去時，若從句中是持續性動詞的一般過去時，則表示該動作結束有多長時間了。如：

It is three years since he smoked.他不吸煙已有3年了。

試比較：

It is three years since he began to smoke.It is three years since he has smoked.兩句均意為：他吸煙已有3年了。

注意：在這種結構中，since引導的從句絕對不能用否定式的謂語動詞來表示否定意義，試比較： 他好久沒學漢語了。

誤：It is a long time since be didn’t study Chinese.正：It’s a long time since he studied Chinese.(studied為持續性動詞，應從其動作結束時算起)

第四篇：it was+ 一段時間+since還是before從句

1.It is + 一段時間 + since從句 在“It is +時間段+ since從句” 句型中，如果since從句的謂語動詞是瞬間性動詞，表示肯定意義；如果since從句的謂語動詞是延續性動詞，則表示否定意義。例如：

1)It is / has been ten years since he left Beijing.譯文：自從他離開北京已經十年了。

分析：since從句中的left是leave的過去式，是瞬間性動詞，表示肯定的意思，left譯為“離開”

2)It is / has been ten years since he was a doctor.他不當醫生已經十年了。

分析：since從句中的系表結構表示一種狀態，這種狀態是延續性的，表示否定意義，譯為“不是，不當”

注：時間的計算一律從since從句的動作完成或狀態結束時算起。

2.It was / will be + 一段時間 + before從句

1)在 “It was + 一段時間 + before從句” 句型中，若主句是一般過去式，從句也是一般過去式時：

① 若主句是肯定句，翻譯成“過了多長時間之后才……”

例：

It was long before they found their son.過了很久他們才找到他們的兒子。

② 若主句是否定形式，翻譯成“沒過多久就……”

例：It was not long before the couple met again.沒過多久這對夫妻就見面了。2)在 “It will be + 一段時間 + before從句”句型中，若主句是一般將來時，從句也是一般現在時：

① 若主句是肯定句，翻譯成“要過多長時間之后才……”

例： It will be half a year before I come back.半年后，我才回來。

② 若主句是否定形式，翻譯成“用不了多久就……”

例： It won’t be long before we meet again.我們不久就會見面。

第五篇：In the twenty years since the Cultural Revolution

Global Business / Business Policy

Ma fei

In the twenty years since the Cultural Revolution, China has maintained fast real growth.Before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Hearing on: “China as an Emerging Regional and Technology Power: Implications for U.S.Economic and Security Interests” China’s Influence Is Growing: China’s economic and diplomatic clout in Asia has dramatically increased since 1997, in the context of a Washington preoccupied elsewhere and a less economically potent Japan.China's increased power is reflected in the realms of economic power(remunerative), military power(coercive), and even ideas(normative), with the increase in economic influence being most dramatic.Further, in its diplomatic strategy in the region and the world beyond China is leading with its economic power, placing less emphasis on military power, with Taiwan being the principal exception in this regard.Nonetheless, American preeminence in Asia remains the central geopolitical and economic fact, a circumstance reflected in the PRC’s priority on maintaining productive relations with Washington.China's rise as an economic powerhouse is resulting in a rapid expansion of its business environment, more and more foreign companies set up subsidiary company in China.The Hofstede’s five dimensions as the following:

Power Distance Index(PDI)Hofstede’s Power distance Index measures the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions(like the family)accept and expect that power is distributed unequally.This represents inequality(more versus less), but defined from below, not from above.It suggests that a society’s level of inequality is endorsed by the followers as much as by the leaders.Individualism(IDV)on the one side versus its opposite, collectivism, that is the degree to which individuals are integrated into groups.On the individualist side we find societies in which the ties between individuals are loose: everyone is expected to look after him/herself and his/her immediate family.On the collectivist side, we find societies in which people from birth onwards are integrated into strong, cohesive in-groups, often extended families(with uncles, aunts and grandparents)which continue protecting them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty.The word 'collectivism' in this sense has no political meaning: it refers to the group, not to the state.Again, the issue addressed by this dimension is an extremely fundamental one, regarding all societies in the world.Masculinity(MAS)versus its opposite, femininity refers to the distribution of roles between the genders which is another fundamental issue for any society to which a range of solutions are found.The IBM studies revealed that(a)

women's values differ less among societies than men's values;(b)men's values from one country to another contain a dimension from very assertive and competitive and maximally different from women's values on the one side, to modest and caring and similar to women's values on the other.The assertive pole has been called 'masculine' and the modest, caring pole 'feminine'.The women in feminine countries have the same modest, caring values as the men;in the masculine countries they are somewhat assertive and competitive, but not as much as the men, so that these countries show a gap between men's values and women's values.Uncertainty Avoidance Index(UAI)deals with a society's tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity;it ultimately refers to man's search for Truth.It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations.Unstructured

situations are novel, unknown, surprising, different from usual.Uncertainty avoiding cultures try to minimize the possibility of such situations by strict laws and rules, safety and security measures, and on the philosophical and

religious level by a belief in absolute Truth;'there can only be one Truth and we have it'.People in uncertainty avoiding countries are also more emotional, and motivated by inner nervous energy.The opposite type, uncertainty

accepting cultures, are more tolerant of opinions different from what they are used to;they try to have as few rules as possible, and on the philosophical and

religious level they are relativist and allow many currents to flow side by side.People within these cultures are more phlegmatic and contemplative, and not expected by their environment to express emotions.Long-Term Orientation(LTO)versus short-term orientation: this fifth

dimension was found in a study among students in 23 countries around the world, using a questionnaire designed by Chinese scholars It can be said to deal with Virtue regardless of Truth.Values associated with Long Term Orientation are thrift and perseverance;values associated with Short Term Orientation are respect for tradition, fulfilling social obligations, and protecting one's 'face'.Both the positively and the negatively rated values of this dimension are found in the teachings of Confucius, the most influential

Chinese philosopher who lived around 500 B.C.;however, the dimension also applies to countries without a Confucian heritage.With the social development, many companies invested in China.SONY is a good instance.Its use the Hofstede’s five dimensions efficiently.1.Japanese firms have looked to China to provide cheap labor for the export markets-largely back to Japanese markets.US and European Multinationals have targeted China as a market of huge potential and not just a production base.2.Japanese firms have located few research and development facilities in China as they are reluctant to transfer technology.3.Japan has kept its production in China largely Japanese with a propensity for Chinese factories to operate as screwdriver plants for Japanese parts.4.Japanese firms have involved far fewer Chinese or local managers than their European and US rivals.5.Japan is the male chauvinism;it can give full play to man's Masculinity.These five dimensions, taken together, can give important insights for someone wishing to enter a new culture for business, study, or other purposes.It is important to resist the temptation of stereotyping, because these dimensions are tendencies not static descriptions of people’s behavior.They can be taken to predict actions of groups, societies, or nations, but provide little help in predicting the behavior of individuals.Hofstede’s Five Dimensions theory has been criticized on the grounds of being too static, or of being based on a weak theoretical foundation, but it is a well-known framework for cross-cultural dialogue.It will more than repay

careful study, and international business persons and others will find it widely used all over the world.