第一篇：復合句翻譯練習

1.Since western fast food was introduced into China ten years ago, great changes have taken place in our eating habits.自從十年前西式快餐進入中國以來，我們的飲食習慣發生了巨大的變化。

2.As long as everyone is fully aware of the risks of obesity and take effective measures, I am sure that we can have more health.只要每個人都充分意識到肥胖的危害性并且采取有效措施，我肯定我們一定能過得更健康。

3.All that the advocates say is ______________________________.支持者所說的一切均是站不住腳的。

4.I am now complaining about the guy ______________________________________________.我要投訴剛搬到我家隔壁來的那個家伙。

5.It is imperative that____________________________________________________________.采取有效措施來結束日益惡化的空氣污染勢在必行。

6.It is commonly believed that _____________________________________________________人們普遍認為太空探索能促進科學事業的發展。

7.Some people hold that __________________________________________________________.有些人認為旅游業的發展對傳統文化產生一些負面的影響。

8.I can hardly agree with / support the proposal_______________________________________.我很難認同婦女應該回家做全職太太的建議。

9.The most practical countermeasure is that __________________________________________.最實際的對策是制定更嚴厲的法律和法規來懲處違規者。

10.____________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________.當每個人都充分意識到環保的重要性，并采取可行的措施，我堅信我們能享有更干凈的環境。

11.It is true that the

_______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________but this not to say that they are without disadvantages.奧運會增進各國友誼和促進主辦國的經濟發展，但這并非意味著奧運會是完美無缺的。

12.____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________.因為旅游業有助于增進人們之間的了解，它將最終消除對其他國家的偏見，從而使世界變得更加和平。

第二篇：復合句及練習

一

復合句是由一個主句加一個或幾個從句所構成的句子，從句只用作句子的一個成份，不能獨立，根據從句在句子中的作用，可分為名詞性從句，定語從句和狀語從句三類。

（一）名詞性從句

名詞性從句包括主語從句，表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，其關聯詞有連接詞that, if, whether, 連接代詞who，what, which等，連接副詞when, where, how, why 等.1、主語從句

主語從句在句中做主語，它可以放在主句謂語動詞之前，但多數情況由it作形式主語，而把主語從句放在主句之后。例如： Who did that is known to all.It is interesting that you should like him.(1)That you are leaving is a pity.(that 從句位于句首時，that不能省略。)It is a pity(that)you are leaving.It is good(that)you are so careful.(2)whether, if 引導主語從句:

It won’t make much difference if / whether you go today or tomorrow.If it is true remains a question.(誤)Whether it is true remains a question.(正)

(3)由what, whatever, whoever引導的主語從句不能用形式主語it引導。What you need is more practice.(正)It’s more practice what you need.(誤)

(4)it’s important/strange/impossible/necessary/natural that 后面的主語從句用虛擬語氣.It’s strange that he(should)attend such an important meeting.2、表語從句

表語從句在句中作表語，位于主句中的系動詞之后。如：

The question is who can complete the difficult task.表語從句還可用as if 引導。例如：

He looked as if he was going to cry.用虛擬語氣的表語從句:

My suggestion is that we should search the house.The order is that everybody should return on time.3、同位語從句

跟在名詞后面，進一步說明該名詞的具體內容，引導同位語從句的名詞主要有fact, news, promise, idea, truth,suggestion,decision, 等。連接詞用that, 不用which。例如：His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.The news that our team has won the match is true.4、賓語從句

1）賓語從句在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語。例如： We can learn what we did not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.如果主句的謂語動詞是及物動詞make, find, see, hear等，則把賓語從句置于賓語補足語之后，用it作為形式賓語。例如：

We find it necessary that we practise spoken-English every day.另外，某些作表語的形容詞，如afraid,sure, happy, glad, certain 等之后可帶賓語從句。例如：

I am sure that he will succeed.注意：（1）關聯詞只能用whether不能用if 表示“是否”的情況如下： A)在表語從句和同位語從句中。例如： The question is whether the film is worth seeing.The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.B）在主語從句中，只有用it作形式主語時，whether 和 if 都能引導主語從句，否則，也只能用whether。(if 只能用在句首)例如： Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet.It hasn't been decided whether(if)we shall attend the meeting.C）在介詞之后。（介詞往往可以省略）例如： It all depends(on)whether they will support us.D）后面直接跟動詞不定式時。例如： He doesn't know whether to stay or not.E）后面緊接or not 時。例如：

We didn't know whether or not she was ready.（2）關聯詞if, whether 均可使用的情況如下： A）引導賓語從句。例如： I wonder if(whether)the news is true or not.B）在“be+形容詞”之后，例如：

He was not sure whether(if)it is right or wrong.(3)關聯詞只能用whether或if ,不能用that 的情況下：

若doubt 一詞作“懷疑”解接賓語從句時，主句為肯定句用whether或if, 主句為否定句或疑問句用that。例如： I doubt whether he will come soon.I do not doubt that he will come soon.Do you doubt that he will come soon?

注意：下面這個例句中doubt的含義為“認為...未必可能”。I doubt that he will come.2)直接引語和間接引語。

引述別人的原話叫直接引語，用自己的話轉述別人的話叫間接引語。這兩種引語不用引號。通常用連接詞聯接于主句。（1）陳述句變為以that 引導的賓語從句。例如： He said,” I’m very glad.“ He said that he was very glad.(2)一般疑問句變為if(whether)引導的賓語從句。例如： He said,” Can you come this afternoon, John?”

He asked whether John could come that afternoon.(3)特殊疑問句變為由who, what, when 等疑問詞引導的賓語從句。例如： He said, “Where is Mr.Wang?” He asked where Mr.Wang was.注意上述例句中時態，人稱代詞，時間狀語的變化。主句謂語動詞為過去時，間接引語中的動詞變化如下：一般現在時變為一般過去時；現在進行時變為過去進行時；一般將來時變為過去將來時；現在完成時變為過去完成時；一般過去時變為過去完成時；過去完成時仍為過去完成時。如果主句謂語動詞為各種現在時或一般將來時，直接引語變為間接引語時，時態一律不變。但從句如果有表示某一具體的時間狀語,從句有時仍用一般過去時.例如： He says, “I cleaned the floor.” He says he cleaned the floor.My father told me that my grandfather was born in 1950.其它變化：指示代詞：this these地點狀語：here時間狀語：now，today，tonight，tomorrow，this week，yesterday，last week，the day before yesterday（two days before）the day after tomorrow（in two days’ time）three years ago, next month etc.（二）定語從句

在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。引導定語從句的關系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, that 等和關系副詞 where, when, why 等。關系代詞和關系副詞在定語從句中擔任句子成分。

1、由who, whom, whose 引導的定語從句。

這類定語從句中 who 用作主語，whom 作賓語，whose 作定語。例如： This is the man who helped me.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?

2、Which 引導的定語從句。

which 在從句中作主語或謂語動詞或介詞的賓語。例如：

This is the book which you want.The building which stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is workshop.注意：（1）whom, which 作介詞賓語時，介詞一般可放在which 之前，也可放在從句原來的位置上，在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在原來的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.注意：（2）引導非限定性定語從句時，關系代詞往往用which , 不用that.例如：

I have lost my pen, which I like very much.3、由that 引導的定語從句

that 在定語從句中可以指人或物，在從句中作主語或謂語動詞的賓語。但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語。例如： The letter that I received was from my father.4.注意在下面幾種情況下必須用“that”引導定語從句： 1）先行詞是不定代詞：all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。例如：

All that we have to do is to practise every day.2）先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級所修飾。例如： The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.3）先行詞被only, no, right, all, any, every, few, little, some 等修飾。例如： I have read all the book(that)you gave me.4）先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last 修飾時。例如： He is the only person that I want to talk to.5）先行詞既有人又有物時。例如：

They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.5.由when, where, why 引導的定語從句。例如： I know the reason why he came late.This is the place where we lived for 5 years.I will never forget the day when I met Mr.Liu.注意：先行詞是表示地點時，有時用where,有時用that 引導定語從句。這時要根據從句的謂語動詞是及物的還是不及物的。是及物的就用that(which)，否則用where.例如： This is the house where he lived last year.This is the house that(which)he visited last year.6、限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句 1）限定性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間不用逗號分開。引導非限定性定語從句的關系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, of which等。這些關系代詞都不能省略。

2）非限定性定語從句是對主句先行詞的補充說明，沒有從句不影響主句意思的完整。一般用逗號把主句和從句分開。通常不用關系代詞that.例如：

I have two sisters, who are both students.I have lost the pen, which I like very much.7、as引導的定語從句

關系代詞as的用法:一般用于such…as, the same…as,(as)…as結構,as 在定語從句中可作主語、賓語和表語。

I would like to use the same pen as was used by you just now.Such a film as you described should not be shown at all.She is not the same girl as she was.as用作關系代詞和關系副詞引導限定性定語從句，并在從句中作定語、表語或狀語，構成the same...as等結構。例如： I like the same book as you do.(as 作賓語）

I shall do it in the same way as you did.（as作狀語）I want to have such a dictionary as he has.（as作賓語）

2）as引導非限定性定語從句。as在定語從句中作主語、表語或賓語，這個定語從句是說明整個句子，它可以放在主句之前。例如： As we all know ,he studies very hard.（as 作賓語）As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.常用的這種類似插入語的句式有as is said above, as is known to all, as it is等。

（三）狀語從句

狀語從句在句中作狀語，修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句放在主句之前時，常用逗號分開；放在主句之后，一般不用逗號。狀語從句按其意義和作用可分為時間、條件、原因、讓步、目的、結果、方式、比較、地點等９種。

1、時間狀語從句

1）時間狀語從句常用連詞有when, as , while, before, after, since, till(until), as soon as, hardly...when..., no sooner...than, the moment等。

2）時間狀語從句一般不用將來時，因此，主句若為將來時，時間狀語從句要用一般現在時。例如：

I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.3）連詞when, while, as 都表示“當?的時候”，但是when引導的從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時發生，也可以先后發生；用as, while 時則強調主句和從句的動作同時發生。例如： While I was reading, he came in.As the walked along the street, he sang happily.4）till(until)表示“一直到?”時，主句和從句都用肯定式；表示“直到?才?”時，主句用否定式，從句用肯定式。例如：

He did not get up till it was dark.他一直工作到天黑。5）as soon as,和 the moment引導的從句表示“一?就?”；用no sooner ? than 和hardly?when引導的從句表示“剛?就?”，主句中的動詞一般用過去完成時，從句用過去時；而且主句一般倒裝，把助動詞had提到前面。例如：

As soon as I finish the work, I'll go to see you.Hardly had I entered the room, when I heard a loud noise.2、原因狀語從句

原因狀語從句常用 because, since 和 as引導。例如： As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park.3、地點狀語從句

地點狀語從句常用 where, wherever 等連詞引導；注意不要和where引導的定語從句相混淆。例如：

We shall go where working conditions are difficult.（狀語從句）

We shall go to the place where work conditions are difficult.（定語從句）

4、條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句用 if unless(if...not),as(so)long as（只要）等詞引導，如果主句是將來時，條件狀語從句用一般現在時表示。例如： As long as I live,I shall work hard.I shall not go to school unless I finish my homework.5、讓步狀語從句

讓步狀語從句由although(though), as, even if, however, whatever, no matter who(how...)等詞引導。例如： Clever as he is , he doesn't study well.注意：由as引導的讓步狀語從句，須將作表語的形容詞或名詞（名詞前不用冠詞）放在句首。

Although it rained heavily, they still went out.No matter who asks her for advice, she is always ready to help.注意：由although（though）引導的讓步從句，主句不能用but。

6、結果狀語從句

結果狀語從句一般由so, so that, so...that, such...that引導，放在主句之后。例如：

The box is no heavy that nobody can move it.It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.7、目的狀語從句

目的狀語從句常用so...that, so that, in order that 等引導，放在主句之后。例如：

They started early that they might arrive in time.He works hard in order that he can serve the country well.8、方式狀語從句

方式狀語從句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though 等引導。as if 和 as though 引導的從句一般用虛擬語氣，但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實現，也可用陳述語氣。例如：

The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man.You man do as you please.9、比較狀語從句

比較狀語從句常由as...as, than, not so...,the more, the more等詞引導。比較從句部分常是省略句。例如： I know you better than he does.The more we can do for you, the happier we will be.復合句練習題

1：Betty, ____has never been abroad, is studying English very well.A.her B.she C.that D.who 2：He wanted to make sure_______.A.how we went there by bus B.where did me go C.what did we go there D.when we went there 3：________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 4：I’ll not ring you up ______ I come back.A.when B.as C.until D.while 5：Do you know the man whom our teacher ______ just now? A.shook handsB.shook his hands C.shook hand with D.shook hands with 6：The small mountain village ___ we spent our holiday two years ago lies in Hubei.A.what B.where C.that D.which 7：_______ he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.A.What B.It C.Which D.That 8： It is generally considered unwise to give a child_______he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 9：This is the first time______ here A.I was B.I will be C.I have been D.I had been 10：He wouldn’t leave the TV set, ________ he was going to have an important exam the next day.11：_____ I had warned him，he was late for school，_____ made him not take the important examination.A.What；that B.That；which C.Which；that D.As；which 12：______ he comes or not, I will wait until 10p.m.A.Whenever B.Whether C.If D.Though 13：It was _____ that we wanted to stay here for another two days.A.such fine weather B.such a fine weather C.so fine weather D.so fine a weather 14：Perseverance is a kind of quality — and that’s ______ it takes do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why 15：He gave a book to ______ entered the classroom.A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever 16：John may phone tonight.I don’t want to go out________ he phones.A.as long as B.in order that C.in case 17：The problems now _______ at the meeting is really ______.A.were discussing；surprised B.being discussed；surprising C.being discussed；surprised D.were discussing；surprising 18：There isn’t so much pollution in the country _______ in big cities.A.that B.which C.as D.what 19：The day will soon come_________ man will set foot on another planet.A.which B.that C.when D.who 20：The book is quite different from ________ I read last month.A.that B.whichC.what D./ 21：________ he went to town, he would have a look at the bookstores.A.When B.While C.Whenever D.After 22：What a shame ________ you are leaving so soon． A.that B.which C.what D.whose 23：My question is __________ you’ll go there.A.if B.whether C.that D.what 24：The horse is getting old and cannot run___________ it did． A.as faster B.so fast than C.so faster as D.so fast as 25：The road is covered with snow．I can't understand______ they insist on going by motorbike． A.why B.whether C.when D.how 26：Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see______.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 27：I thought her nice and honest _____ I met her.A.first time B.for the first time C.the first time D.by the first time 28：He’s got himself into a serious situation _________ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why 29：All the students went to see ____ with her.A.what the matter was B.what was the matter C.what wrong was D.what was the wrong 30：Mr Zhang gave textbooks to all the pupils except_________ who had already taken them.A.the ones B.ones C.some D.the others 31：_____is expected, the boy succeeded in the exam.A.It B.As C.That D.Which 32：I’m rushed off my feet all day.I’m trying to get out of the endless business, ________ I find impossible.A.but B.whileC.whichD.that 33： ______ we can’t get seems better than _______we have． A.What；what B.What；that C.That；that D.That；what 34：The film is________ a true story.A.according to B.according as C.based on D.depended on 35：Peter kept the young plants in the sunshine ____ grow well.A.so that B.so that they could C.in order to they D.in order he 36：It is ten years _________ he joined the army.A.since B.after C.that D.when 37：He is the student _______ you think to be worthy of our praise.A.who B.whom C.he D.him 38：Though he is young, ___________ knows a lot.A.yet he B.but he C.and he D.however he 39：When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule:Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants．

A.what B.which C.when D.that 40：The pile of bones on the plate showed_______.A.how much chicken the family had eaten B.how many the family had eaten chicken C.how much chicken had the family eaten D.how many had the family eaten chickens 41：______ the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.A.Your having read B.While reading C.If reading D.When you read 42：Mother was worried because her little son was ill, especially ____ father was away in the USA.A.as B.if C.that D.during 43：I told him to go to see a doctor, _________ he took.A.which advice B.which C.what advice D.what 44：Too much fat，______well known，is harmful to health． A.which is B.which it is C.as is D.as it is 45：In an armchair _________ an old man, behind _________ his photo taken in Beijing.A.was sitting;him was B.was sitting;whom hang C.sat;him hung D.sat;whom hung 46：These photographs will show you _________.A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how ur village looks like 47：Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _______ I will always treasure.A.thatB.one C.itD.what 48：Don’t use words, expressions or phrase ________ only to people with specific knowledge.A.being known B.having been known C.known D.to be known 49：The black teacher set a good example ____ all the rest of the group, _____ all peace-loving people.A.to, who are B.for, which was C.to, which are D.to, who were 50: He wonders _______ the sound came from A.where B.when C.how D.that

答案解析

1：D: who 試題解析：非限定性定語從句，不能用that，而用who。2： D: when we went there 試題解析：

賓語從句用陳述句語序。A項中有by bus就不能用how。3：

B: Whether 試題解析：

whether表示“是否”之意，引導主語從句時，不用if引導。4：

C: until 試題解析：

until既可用于肯定結構，也可用于否定結構。肯定結構意為“到??為止”；否定結構意為“直到??才”。本題主句謂語動詞為終止性動詞，用了否定句，應譯成“直到我回來，我才給你打電話。” 5：D: shook hands with 試題解析：

shake hands with sb 是一個有用的短語,意為“和??握手”。6： B: where 試題解析： 答案：B 解析：此題考查的是定語從句的用法。分析句子結構可知，該空所填詞要引導定語從句，由此可以排除A，因為what不可以引導定語從句；因從句的基本結構主謂賓齊全，所以使用關系副詞引導定語從句，且在從句中作狀語。故正確答案唯有B項。7： A: What 試題解析：

答案解析:名詞性關系代詞what引導的主語從句，在此處what = the thing which。8： B: whatever 試題解析：

whatever引導名詞性從句，作賓語，意為“無論什么??都”。9： C: I have been 試題解析：

先行詞是time, day, month, year等名詞時，其定語從句用when引導，但It’s the first(secod, third)time that?.是特殊結構，只能用that引導，可以省略。這里的that= when。故選C。10： A: even if試題解析：

even if“即使”，引導讓步狀語從句。此句表示“即使第二天有重要的考試，他也不會離開電視機”。11： D: As；which 試題解析：

該題考查非限制性定語從句。what不能引導定語從句，that不能引導非限制性定語從句。as和which都可以引導非限制性定語從句。which可代替前面句子的整個或部分內容；as表示“與??一致；正如”之意，可代替前面或后面句子的整個或部分內容，常用于as we know／see，as we expected等短語中。as可放在句首或句子中，which只能在句中。故答案應選D。

12： B: Whether 試題解析：

Whether與or not連用，引導讓步狀語從句。13： A: such fine weather 試題解析：

weather[U]n.雖然前面有adj.修飾，也不能加a/an,只能用“such+adj.+[U]n.”結構。14： A: what 試題解析：

what 在表語從句中作takes的賓語，構成“It takes sth.to do sth”的句型。15： C: whoever 試題解析：

從句子結構上分析，主句中的介詞“to”后缺少賓語，而從句也沒有主語，這時肯定要填上一個具有“雙重功能”的關系性wh-連詞。who和whom無此功能，排除之。D項的whomever，在這里也不對，故選C。16： C: in case 試題解析：

本題考查從屬連詞。由信息句John may phone tonight(約翰可能今晚給我打電話)，可知“我不想出去”，是怕“萬一他給我打電話。”as long as意為只要, in order that?表示目的。

17： B: being discussed；surprising 試題解析：

being discussed作后置定語，修飾the problems。sth.is surprising。18： C: as 試題解析：

選C。先行詞前若有so/such/the same等詞時其關系詞應用as。19： C: when 試題解析：

when引導的從句修飾day，為了平衡后置。20： C: what 試題解析：

what引導的從句作from的賓語。這里的what相當于the book(the One which／that／省略關系代詞)。21： C: Whenever 試題解析：

選C。whenever意為“每當，無論何時”，等于no matter when。22： A: that 試題解析：

此題考查shame的用法。a shame意為a pity，表示“令人遺憾的事；令人惋惜的事”。通常跟that引導的從句。如：It’s a shame that you are 1ate again．What a shame that you are late again．還可以跟不定式。如：It is a shame for you to be late again． 23： B: whether 試題解析：

由語境可知該空引導從句，表示“是否”，因此應填whether而不能填if。24： D: so fast as 試題解析：

這里是比較狀語從句，as?as和not so?as中間只能接形容詞和副詞的原級。25： A: why 試題解析：

本題考查賓語從句的引導詞。根據語句的意義，選A比較恰當。句子意思是：路面上覆蓋滿了雪，我不明白他們為什么堅持要騎摩托車。26： D: who it is 試題解析：

賓語從句要用陳述句的語序。如果我們對所談到的那個人還不清楚是誰時，要用it。

27： C: the first time 試題解析：

the first time(第一次)和every time，by the time，last time都可以引導時間狀語從句。句意為：我第一次和她見面時，就認為她很誠實。

28： A: where 試題解析：where引導的定語從句，相當于in the situation。29： B: what was the matter 試題解析：

what was the matter(with)和what was wrong(with)作賓語從句時語序不變。注意what was the mater和what the matter was含義不同，后者意為“這是什么物質”。30： A: the ones 試題解析： 后面出現定語從句修飾，表示拿課本的“那些學生”顯然是特指概念，因此排除B和C。the others“其余的人或物”，本身已表示是范圍中的另一部分，后而不能用定語從句修飾。31： B: As 試題解析：

as在開頭引導非限制性定語從句。32： C: which試題解析：

本題選C正確。如果選A，find后應有it作賓語，impossible作賓語補足語。而選C的理由是，which引導非限制性定語從句，which在從句中作find的賓語，which指代前面句子：I’m trying to get out of the?。

33： A: What；what 試題解析：

從語法項目分類看，此題涉及的是兩個名詞從句，都是主語從句，其基本框架是What we?seems better than what we?。此題把兩個簡單的主語從句用seem相連，加上使用了比較級，就構成了識別語句基本框架的難度，使得簡單句式復雜化。34： C: based on 試題解析： according to 在作“根據，依據”講時只做狀語，不做表語。According as是較正式用語，意為“根據，取決于，視??而定”，是從屬連詞，后接從句。如：You may go or stay, according as you decide.是去是留由你自己決定。Depend on是“依靠，依賴”。Be based on/ upon是“以??為基礎”，符合題意。故正確答案為C。35： B: so that they could 試題解析： so that此處表目的。36： A: since 試題解析：

當表示已經知道的原因時用as 或since, 但since比 as正式一些.37： B: whom 試題解析：

關系代詞在此作定語從句謂語動詞think的賓語，故用賓格。38： A: yet he 試題解析：

though雖不能與but連用，但都可以和yet／still連用，這時yet／still是連接副詞，這同if?then同理。39：A: what 試題解析：

這是一個賓語從句，wants后面缺少賓語，所以要填寫what。句意是：當你找工作面試回答問題時，請記住這條黃金定律：永遠給予對方確實想要的東西。40：A: how much chicken the family had eaten 試題解析：

賓語從句的主謂不可倒裝；how much + 不可數名詞 41： D: When you read 試題解析：

本題是上海1996年的高考試題。when you read the poem a second time是時間狀語從句。42： A: as 試題解析：

as引導原因狀語從句，表示mother著急的原因。其他選項都不正確。43： A: which advice 試題解析：

which引導定語從句，可以表示主句的整體概念或部分概念時，接抽象名詞，如time，rate，advice等。44： C: as is 試題解析：

此題考查1)which和as引導非限制性定語從句的區別用法和as都能引導非限制性定語從句。which可指主句中的某一個名詞，也可指主句的整個句子，譯為“這；這件事” ；as只能指主句的整個句子，譯為“正如”。2)which只能放在主句后；as可放在主句的前面、中間和主句的后面。根據這兩點，A、B不能填。D中as作主語，it是多余的。C項中as是主語。

45： D: sat;whom hung 試題解析：答案：D 解析：hang作“絞死”講，是規則的；作“懸掛”講，其過去式過去分詞都是hung.根據句子的意思可知表示“掛”，由此可以排除B；在英語中，直接用逗號連接兩個分句是行不通的，由此可以排除A和C。46： B: what our village looks like 試題解析： 解析：如把D項中的like去掉也對。47： B: one 試題解析：

本題一改過去考查用which引導非限定性定語從句的出題模式，沒有給出該選項，因此我們在作同位語的代詞中選擇。本題的代詞替代沒有具體所指的an unforgettable moment,因此用one而不是it。在平時做題時注意不要有定勢思維。本題考生錯就錯在只想到定語從句，選項中一旦沒有which就失去了判斷力。48：C: known 試題解析：

過去分詞作定語，可以擴展為which are known?從句。49： D: to, who were 試題解析： 答案：D, 解析：set an example to表示給某人樹榜樣，由此可以排除B;因先行詞指人，故使用who引導非限定性定語從句，由此可以排除C;根據時態的一致原則可知，此處應當使用一般過去時，故正確答案為D項。50： A: where 試題解析：

where引導賓語從句，在從句中作地點狀語。

第三篇：復合句

復合句

一、名詞性從句

1.一個句子起名詞的作用，在句中做主語、賓語／介詞賓語、表語、同位語 連接詞有that, whether, if（做“是否”講時，只用于賓語從句）, who, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever, when, where, why, how等 注意：

whoever和whomever的區別

whoever和whomever相當于anyone who，用主格與賓格取決于其在從句中做主語還是做賓語。如：

They always give the vacant seats to whoever comes first.(whoever在從句中做主語)

2.有關同位語從句的問題

(1)引導詞通常為that, 但有時因名詞內容的需要，也可由whether及連接副詞why, when, where, how引導。that不表示任何意義，其他詞表示時間、地點、原因等。如：

The problem, where I will have my college education, at home or abroad, remains untouched.(2)同位語從句有時與先行詞隔開，注意識別。如：

Evidence came up that specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.3.whether與if在引導名詞性從句時的區別

whether與if作“是否”講，在用法上有相同之處，也有不同之處 相同之處： 1）whether和if都能引導賓語從句，常置于see, ask, learn, tell, wonder, doubt, find out等動詞之后。如：

He asked me whether/if I could help him.I want to know whether/if he lives there.2）whether和if都可用it作形式主語從句中。如：

It's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening.3）在be uncertain/doubtful之后，常用whether引導賓語從句，有時也可以用if，如：

We are uncertain whether/if Mary will come.不同之處：

1）whether可置于句首引導主語從句，而if不能。

2）whether可用在介詞之后，引導賓語從句，而if則不能。如：

Success depends on whether we make enough effort.3）whether可引導表語從句，if則不能。如：

The question is whether it is not worth doing.4）在名詞之后引導同位語從句時，用whether而不用if。如：

The question whether the students answered correctly should be decided by the teacher.5）whether后可接不定式，而if不能。如：

Please tell us whether to go or stay here.6）在有些動詞（如discuss）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引導賓語從句。如：

We discussed whether we should close the shop.7）在引導否定概念賓語從句時，只能用if，而不用whether。如： He asked me if I hadn't finished my work.4.動詞believe, expect, fancy, imagine, suppose, think后的賓語從句如為否定式，一般將否定詞轉移到主句謂語上。

二、副詞性(狀語)從句

副詞在句中起狀語作用，故如果起狀語作用的部分為一個句子，那么該句便是副詞性從句，也稱狀語從句。狀語從句可細分為：時間、地點、條件、原因、讓步、目的、結果、比較、方式等。

狀語從句的測試重點為：主從句之間邏輯意義關系，是否能選擇正確的從屬連詞。

1.條件狀語從句的常考知識點

(1)if與unless的用法。if和unless都是引導條件狀語從句的連詞，考生應尤其注意unless的用法，因為它表示反面條件，相當于if not“如果不”、“除非”。

(2)復合連詞as long as，so long as，as far as，on condition that，in the event that；動詞及分詞provided(that)，providing(that)，given that, suppose/supposing(that)，assuming，say等引導條件狀語從句。如：

You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting provided you don’t mind taking the night train.Assuming he is diligent in his studies at ordinary times, he is sure to pass the test.In the event that she has not been informed, I will tell her.(如果??)You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.(如果??)Suppose it rained, we would still go.(假如??)Say it were true, what would you do about it?(假如??)

(3)祈使句表示條件。如：

Dress warmly, or else you’ll catch cold.Talk to anyone in the drug industry, and you’ll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.2.讓步狀語從句的常考知識點

(1)as 引導讓步從句，要求用倒裝結構，把強調的部分置于句首。如： Much as(=as much as=though/although)he likes her, he does get irritated with her sometimes.Although/though he likes her much, he does….Humble as it may be, there is no place like home.= Althoug/though it may be humble, there is ….(2)while引導讓步從句。如: Everybody cheats a little, some psychologists say, while others insist that most people are basically honest and some wouldn’t cheat under any circumstances.(3)復合連接詞for all that和分詞granting/granted(that)引導讓步從句。如: Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.For all that computers can provide us with great help, they shouldn’t be seen as substitutes for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.3.時間狀語從句的常考知識點

(1)before表示漢語的 “只有/必須??才能”。如:

New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before they are fully accepted.(2)when引導時間從句時，如果出現在后半句，則表示“這/那時突然”。如： I have just started back for the house to change my clothes when I heard the voices.(3)when it comes to 是習慣用法，意為“當談到??時”。如：

Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true when it comes to classroom tests.(4)名詞短語、介詞短語each /every time, the moment/second/minute, in the time, by the time起連詞作用。如: I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.My pain must have been apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”

Mercury’s velocity is so much greater than the Earth’s that it completes more than four revolutions around the Sun in the time it takes the Earth to complete one.(5)副詞directly, immediately, instantly, now引導時間從句, 相當于as soon as。如: The policemen went into action directly they heard the alarm.4.原因狀語從句的常考知識點

(1)in that引導原因從句時,有時翻譯成“是因為”、“就在于”。如: Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.(2)now that表示 “既然”;seeing that, considering表示“鑒于”、“考慮到”。如: Now that we have all the material ready, we should begin the new task at once.He did poorly in the examinations, considering how hard he had tried for them.Seeing that she is lawfully old enough to get married, I don’t think you can stop her.其他引導原因狀語從句的連接詞語還有: for the(simple)reason that, by reason that, on the grounds that, in as much as, in so far as等。

5.while, whereas 引導對比從句 如:

While the teenage population in the United States has declined over the past decade, violent crimes committed by juveniles have sharply increased.A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult, whereas he is likely to smile and reach out to another infant.6.so?that?, with the result that, so much so that 引導結果狀語從句 如: Over the years, a large number of overseas students have studied at that university with the result that it has acquired substantial experience in dealing with them.He himself believed in freedom, so much so that he would rather die than live without it.7.in order that, in case, for fear that, lest(用虛擬語氣)引導目的狀語從句 如: Give me your telephone number, in case I need your help.Helen listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what John wanted.8.方式狀語從句

1)A is to B what / as C is to D 2)as if/though引導的方式狀語從句，既可以用陳述語氣，也可以用虛擬語氣。3)引導方式狀語從句的關聯詞還有the way, how, as.如： Do it the way you were taught.Do it how you can.He did as(he was)told.三、形容詞性(定語)從句

1.尤其要注意whose的用法

whose在從句中做定語，修飾名詞。所以，如果關系代詞后面緊接的是名詞，且關系代詞又不在從句中做主語或賓語，那么，這個關系代詞就應該是whose。如：

He is the right person whose personality is well recognized.2.介詞+ which的用法

如果從句中主賓成分齊全，考生便可考慮關系代詞是否在從句中做狀語，而狀語通常用介詞短語充當，于是可以得知，關系代詞前面應有介詞，再分析所給的選項，根據與名詞的搭配作出正確選擇。如：

We are not conscious of the extent to which work provides the psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.3.as 與which用作關系代詞的區別

(1)as與the same, such, so, as等關聯使用。如：

As the forest goes, so goes its animal life.(2)as和which都可以引導非限定性定語從句，但as在句中的位置比較靈活，可出現在句首、句中、句末，而which只能出現在句末，尤其是當先行詞是整個句子時。如：

As is true in all institutions, juries are capable of making mistakes.As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.常見的這類結構有：as has been said before, as has been mentioned above, as can be imagined, as is known to all, as has been announced, as can be seen from these figures, as might/could be expected, as is often the case, as has been pointed out, as often happens, as will be shown等。

4.關系代詞that與which用于引導定語從句的區別

(1)如果關系代詞在從句中做賓語，用that, which都可以，而且可以省略；

(2)先行詞是不定代詞no, every, some, any 以及anything, nothing, little, all, everything時，關系代詞用that；

There is no person that is always in the right.Is there anything that I can do for you?(3)先行詞由形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾或由next，last, only, very修飾時，用that；(4)非限定性定語從句只能用which引導；(5)關系代詞前面如果有介詞，只能用which。

在既指人又指事物的兩個或兩個以上的先行詞后面，必須用that。They are talking about the people and countries that they had visited.5.but做關系代詞，用于否定句，相當于who?not, that?not 這個結構的特點是主句中常有否定詞或含有否定意義的詞。如： There are few teachers but know how to use a computer.There is no complicated problem but can be solved by a computer.

第四篇：漢語翻譯第九講簡單句變復合句[范文]

漢語翻譯第九講

漢語翻譯技巧簡單句變復合句

一、練習討論和講評

本來，生命只有一次，對于誰都是寶貴的。但是，假使他的生命溶化在大眾的事業里面，假使他天天在為這世界干事業是不死的，他會領略到“永久的年輕”的感覺。而“浮生如夢”的人，從這個世界拿去的很多，而給這世界的卻很少——他總有一天會覺得疲乏得快要死亡：他連拿都沒有力量了。衰老和無能的悲哀，像鉛一樣沉重，壓在他的心頭。青春是多么短啊。

One has but one life to live and, naturally, it is treasured by all.However, if one is dedicated to the cause of the people, if he does something every day for the world, he is living and, though eventually he will die, the cause he lives for—the cause of the people will never die.In other words, he will gain a sense of “eternal youth” As for the one who lives his life like a floating cloud;he takes a lot from the world but gives little in return.Sooner or later he will be approaching death with such tiredness that he will find himself deprived of the energy to “take”.Then the grief caused by age and impotence will make him feel as if a heavy load of lead was in the mind.How fast youth goes!他總有一天會覺得疲乏得快要死亡。Sooner or later he will be exhausted to death.他總有一天會覺得疲非常疲乏。然而“他總有一天會覺得疲乏得快要死亡。”的意義是：他總有一天會覺得疲乏，感到快要死亡了。Sooner or later he will be approaching death with such tiredness.Sooner or later he will be exhausted，having the sense that he will be approaching death.1.He was thirsty to death.He was extremely thirsty.2.He was stabbed to death.He died because he was stabbed.He was beaten to death.二、簡單句變復合句

有時為了使英語句子的連貫性更強, 表達也更為貼切、自然、優美，我們將兩個或者多個簡單漢語句翻譯成一個英語句子。英語句子之間加上and, but, or(或者, 否則), for(因為), while(而, 卻), when(就在這個時候), not only...but also等并列連詞, 使其成為并列復合句。如：

(1)我們戶外活動需要三個小時，大概11點回來，校門一帶關了。⑴ Our outdoor activity will last three hours.We’ll be back at about 11 o’clock.The school gate must be closed.→Our outdoor activity will last three hours and the school gate must be closedwhen we’ll be back at about 11 o’clock.⑵飛機七點起飛，趕快，要不趕不上飛機了。

⑵ The plane takes off at seven.You must hurry.You’ll miss the plane.→You must hurry or you’ll miss the plane which takes off at seven.⑶蜜糖甜蜜蜜，蜜蜂很刺人。

⑶Honey is sweet.The bee stings.→Honey is sweet but the bee stings.在兩個或者多個簡單句之間加上when, after, as, because, where, which, who等從屬連詞, 可以使簡單句變成復合句。如：

（4）英語俱樂部可以組織各種活動，我們在活動中不但可以練習英語還可以學習更多英語。

（4）We will organize all kinds of activities in our English club.We can not only practise but also learn more English in the activities.(改為含定語從句的復合句)→We will organize all kinds of activities in our English club in which we can not only practise but also learn more English.（5）沒有趕上頭班車，他上學遲到了。

（5）He missed the first bus.He came to school late.(改為含狀語從句的復合句)→Because he missed the first bus, he came to school late.→He missed the first bus, so he came to school late.即時練習將下列各組句子合并成并列復合句或主從復合句。（6），19世紀末，有一個聞名遐邇的偵探，名叫Sherlock Holmes，家住倫敦。

⑴ There was once a famous detective.⑵ He was named Sherlock Holmes.⑶ He lived in London.⑷ The time was at the end of the nineteenth century.---------There was once a famous detective named Sherlock who lived in London at the end of the nineteenth century.（7）.根據調查，79.3％的居民反映說，他們的主要目的是幫助父母親生活得更好，67.7％說，他們努力工作是為了改變自己的命運。（7）⑴ 79.3％ of the surveyed citizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better life.⑵ 67.7％ claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate.---------79.3％ of the surveyed netizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better life while 67.7％ claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate.（8）知識就是力量，我們是大學生，必須努力學習。Knowledge is power.We are college students.We must study hard.-------We, who are college student, must study hard because knowledge is power.（9.）寫作方法各種各樣，同學們可以用這一種方法提供寫作努力，增加自信力。

⑴There are ways and ways to improve writing ability

(2)Students can improve their writing ability in this way.(3)They can strengthen their self-confidence.--------.Though There are ways and ways to improve writing ability , students can improve their writing ability in this way to increase their self-confidence.(10)這是上海最雄偉的大樓，許多外國專家在此住居。

1.This is the most magnificent building in Shanghai.2Many foreign experts live in the building.------In Shanghai, this is the most magnificent building in which many foreign experts live.三、練習

婚姻關系中人們爭論最多的問題——如錢怎樣花——通常并非真正的問題。關鍵的問題是：誰掌握控制權？年輕的時候，我對控制權的需要是源于害怕、缺乏信任和沒有安全感。最后我終于意識到我不需要控制妻子——實際上也不應該控制她，而且不可能控制她，如果我試圖控制她，就會毀了我們的婚姻。

人們經常把放棄控制權與軟弱混為一談。但家庭爭論中的勝利者從來都不是真正的勝利者。在你贏得爭論而你的伴侶屈服時，你已經輸了。這聽起來似乎相矛盾，卻千真萬確。

第五篇：翻譯練習

15級英漢翻譯練習1

As far as fashion is concerned, the casual “American” style of wearing Jeans, T-shirts and sports shoes is now common and acceptable in many places.For in the office it is not rare to see someone wearing tight jeans with a long sleeved shirt plus a tie.就時尚而言，穿牛仔褲、t恤和運動鞋的休閑“美國”風格在很多地方都很常見，而且可以接受。因為在辦公室，看見有人穿著緊身牛仔褲，配上一件長袖襯衫和領帶也不稀奇。

His defense is of cause that is the American style.Cowboy hats, boots and large silver belt buckles are also a common imitation of the dress style of Americans especially those from Taxas and Arizona.Look at the music played in the Nyamirambo bound taxis and you will be amazed at how it matches with the dress style of the passengers.他的辯護理由是美國的風格。牛仔帽、靴子和大銀皮帶扣也是美國人的著裝風格的常見模仿，尤其是那些來自美國和亞利桑那州的人。看看Nyamirambo的出租車上播放的音樂，你會驚奇地發現它與乘客的著裝風格相匹配。

Around the world the United States is perhaps best known for its numerous and successful fast food franchises.Such chains, including McDonald’s, Burger King and Kentucky Fried Chicken are known for selling simply, pre-prepared food such as hamburger, French fries(chips), soft drinks, fried chicken, and ice cream.Though undeniably popular, such food, with its emphasis on deep-frying, has been criticized by dietitians in recent decades for being unhealthy and a cause of obesity.It has thus become somewhat of a stereotype to associate American cuisine with obesity and junk food.The whole world now is full of similar eating joints, In Africa many are referred to as take-aways.在世界范圍內，美國最出名的可能是其眾多的成功的快餐連鎖店。這樣的連鎖店，包括麥當勞、漢堡王和肯塔基炸雞店，都以簡單的、事先準備好的食物如漢堡、薯條(薯條)、軟飲、炸雞和冰淇淋而聞名。雖然不可否認的是，這種食物以油炸食品為主，最近幾十年來，由于飲食不健康和肥胖原因，這類食品一直受到營養師的批評。因此，將美國美食與肥胖和垃圾食品聯系在一起，已成為一種刻板印象。現在整個世界都有類似的飲食關節，在非洲，許多被稱為“外賣”。

翻譯句子, 注意詞性和詞義搭配

1.Just as exercise strengthens the heart and lungs, bones and muscles, it may also power up the brain.運動不但能強心，健脾，壯骨，筋肌，而且還能健腦。2.We shall never see his match.他那樣的人恐怕不會有第二個了。

3.The vote was 35 to 25, a margin of 10.表決的結果是35票對25票，相差10票。

4.The report is thoroughly sourced.這項報告的來源很完備。

5.This hotel can’t be matched for friendliness.這家旅館服務態度之好無與倫比。

6.She was rather advanced in years for a maiden.在沒有結婚的女孩中，她年齡算是相當大了。7.Every one of us poured forth his expertise.我們每個人都發揮了自己的專長。

8.I’ll not abuse your hospitality.我不會辜負你的熱情厚誼。

9.“I long for you terribly.The moment we say good-bye and I close the door, my torment begins.”

我想你想的要命，我們一分手，關上門，我心里變覺得煎熬。

10.Our arguments were often brought before our father, and I guess I was either generally in the right, or else a better debater, because the judgment was usually in my favor.我們往往爭到父親那里去。我想，或許是我總有理，或者我善于抓理，因為評起來通常是我有理。

Translate the following sentences:

Delicate difference細微的差異

Delicate diplomatic question微妙的外交問題 delicate ear for music對音樂有鑒賞力 Delicate features清秀的五官 Delicate food美味的食物 Delicate health虛弱的身體 Delicate living奢侈的生活 Delicate porcelain精致的瓷器

Delicate sense of smell靈敏的嗅覺 Delicate skin嬌嫩的皮膚

Delicate stomach容易吃壞的胃

Delicate surgical operation難做的外科手術 Delicate touch 妙筆生花

Delicate upbringing嬌生慣養 Delicate vase容易破碎的花瓶

1.A fine appearance and comfort do not usually go together.中看不一定中用。

2.She has the qualities which go to the making of a good teacher.她具有一個優秀教師所必需的素質。

3.A foreign language will go far towards widening our mental horizon.外語會大大幫助我們開闊思想境界。4.What he says goes.他說了算數。

5.He made a promise and then went back on it.他許下了諾言，但沒有踐行。

6.Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market.昨夜我聽見他鼾聲如雷。

7.“How old was I when you first took me in a boat?”“Five and you nearly were killed when I brought the fish in too green and nearly tore the boat to pieces.Can you remember?”(The old Man and the sea.)“你頭一趟帶我上船，那時我多大歲數？”“五當年我把一條生龍活虎的魚拖上船的時候，那家伙險兒把那只船撞得粉碎，你也險些兒送了命。還記得嗎？”

8.Mary took me in her cabin and told me that she was a poor sailor and always went to bed immediately on getting on the boat.瑪麗把我帶到她的船艙里對我說，她有暈船的毛病，所以總是一上船就睡覺。

9.The horse knew every one of the forty families that got milk on Prince Edward Street.愛德華王子大街上有40個訂奶戶，這匹馬知道每一家住的地方。

1．The newspaper claims to be the mirror of the public opinion.該報宣稱忠實反應了公眾的意見。

2．Application of laser in medicine is still in its infancy.激光在醫學中的應用仍處于發展的初期。

3．But no one forces you to go to sea.It gets in your blood.但是誰也沒有強迫你出海，是你心甘情愿嘛。

4．She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let my heart rule my head.她確實是個動情的姑娘，不過我不是一個讓感情支配理智的人。

5．As far as the head goes, at least, she does credit to the educational system pursued at my establishment.不說別的，就智力才能而論，她確實能為本校所遵循的教育制度爭光。

6．He gave up the sword for the plough.她解甲歸田了。

7.Behind him I see the long grey rollers of the Atlantic at work.在他的身后，我看見大西洋上的灰色巨浪，洶涌起伏。

8.It was the best of times, it was the worst of times;it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness;it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity;it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness;it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair;we had everything before us, we had nothing before us;we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.(Charles Dickens: A Tale of Two Cities)這是最好的時代，這是最壞的時代，這是智慧的時代，這是愚蠢的時代；這是信仰的時期，這是懷疑的時期；這是光明的季節，這是黑暗的季節；這是希望之春，這是失望之冬；人們面前有著各樣事物，人們面前一無所有；人們正在直登天堂；人們正在直下地獄。

課堂互動： 翻譯下列句子, 注意比喻與典故

1.The EEC’s Common Agricultural policy is a dinosaur which is adding $13.5 a week to the food bill of the average British.歐洲經濟共同體的農業共同政策早已不合時宜，她要使英國家庭平均每周在食品開銷上多支出13.5美元。

2.Hanoi romanced its Asian neighbors for six years before winning its membership in ASEAN.河內對其鄰國進行了六年的親善努力后成為了東盟的一員。3.The British suburban garden, that most revered of national institutions, is increasingly facing destruction by land-hungry developers.英國城郊花園是最受推崇的國粹，現在卻不斷面臨土地開發商的破壞，這些人急欲搞到土地。

4.Malaysia, which posted its highest growth rate in a decade, is the region’s new star performer, with Indonesia close on its heels.十年中，馬來西亞的發展速度是最快的，它是該地區新出現的最出色的經濟發展國，緊隨其后的是印度尼西亞。

5.Rich and poor , black and white, young and old ,Virginians by

the thousands lined up last week at courthouses and police stations seeking permits for carrying concealed weapons.The common denominator was fear of crime.上星期成千上萬的印度尼西亞人，不分貧富，膚色和年齡，在法院或警察局門口排起長隊。申請得到攜帶貼身武器的許可證。他們這樣做出于一個共同的原因：對犯罪事件不斷增加懷有恐懼。

Translate the following sentences: 1．Roseta long boasted the lowest heart attack rate in the USA.羅塞塔（美國賓夕法尼亞州）長期以來自吹是全美心臟病發病率最低的地方。羅塞塔（美國賓夕法尼亞州）長期以來被譽為美國心臟病發病率最低的地方。

2.London is a city invaded by tourists.倫敦是旅游者入侵的城市。倫敦是旅游者大量涌入的城市。

3.Our conference did in the end make detailed plans for the invasion.我們的會議最后確實制定了入侵的詳細方案。我們的會議最后確實制定了進攻的詳細方案。

4.Following his father’s footsteps many years later ,Sir Malcolm’s son ,Donald ,also set up a world record.很多年之后，馬爾科姆爵士的兒子唐納德步其父后塵，也創造了一項世界紀錄。很多年之后，馬爾科姆爵士的兒子唐納德踏著父親的足跡，也創造了一項世界紀錄。

注意詞的褒貶意義譯法

5.I like being familiar with the things that once made me apprehensive, I like not being afraid to display my ignorance and ask for help.I like the confidence middle age brings.我沾沾自喜于熟悉了往日令我憂心忡忡的事情，我樂于暴露自己的無知，不怕向人求救，我喜歡隨著中年而來的自信心。我喜歡熟悉了曾令我疑懼的事物，我喜歡坦誠自己的無知并求助于他人，我喜歡隨中年而來的自信。

6.As luck would have it ,there was rain on the day of the picnic.真倒霉，野餐那天偏偏下雨。

7.As luck would have it ,no one was in the building when the explosion occurred.很幸運，爆炸發生的時候，屋里剛巧沒人。

8.He made a wise choice.他作了明智的選擇。

9.They went away as wise as they came.他們離開的時候跟進來的時候一樣，仍然一竅不通。

10.She knows Peter is industrious and clever.她知道彼得既勤奮又聰明。

11.He is too clever for us.他太狡猾了。

翻譯練習：名詞──動詞

1.In fact, the abuse of drugs has become one of America’s most serious social problems.事實上，濫用毒品已經成為美國最為嚴重的社會問題之一。

2.The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.看到我們的噴氣式飛機，聽到隆隆的機聲，令我特別神往。

3.The book is a reflection of the Chinese society of my father’s time.這本書反映了我父親那個時代的中國社會。

4.Today, we are still stirred by the sight of each flower and tree in the courtyard and each thing used by him.5.An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs.掌握一點世界史，對學中國時事有好處。看到院子里的一花一木和周總理用過的每一件東西，都使我們激情無限，思緒萬千。

6.I am an amateur actor.He is a better player than I.我是個業余演員，他演得比我好。

7.He is both a bibliomaniac and a lover of calligraphy.他有藏書癖，又愛好書法。

8.He studied law in his spare time and became a lawyer.He was a good speaker and student of political philosophy.他利用業余時間研究法律，后來當了律師。他擅長演說，深諳政治哲學。

9.The happiness of having such a sister was their first effusion, and the fair ladies mingled in embraces and tears of joy.她們首先傾吐了要做姐妹的喜悅，兩位小姐高興地一次次擁抱，灑下了欣喜的淚花。

10.It is my conviction that though men may be no more wicked than they always have been, they seem less likely to be ashamed.我相信人們雖然未必比以前還要不講道德，但似乎要比以前更加不知羞恥。

11.The world is blinded by his fortune and consequence or frightened by his high and imposing manners.他有錢有勢，蒙蔽了天下人的耳目，他那目空一切、盛氣凌人的氣派又嚇壞了天下人。

12.She turned towards me immediately.The easy elegance of every movement of her limbs and body as soon as she began to advance from the far end of the room, set me in a flutter of expectation to see her face clearly.

她立刻轉過身來。當她從房間的那一頭走過來時，一舉手一投足，風度非常優雅，我不由得很想看清她的面孔。

形容詞轉譯成動詞

1.He is too ignorant of the ways of the world.他太不懂世道常青了。2.We are hopeful of success in this experiment.我們希望這個實驗能成功。

3.This house is unheated and unfurnished.這個房子沒有暖氣設備，也沒有家具。

4.Presently she became aware of footsteps hurrying after her.她立刻發覺身后腳步聲匆匆追來。

5.Bryan was suspicious of the wily Dawrrow.布賴恩懷疑達羅詭計多端。

6.The old man lay all night on his sleepless bed.老人躺在床上，徹夜未眠。

副詞轉譯成動詞

1.That day he was up before sunrise.那天他在日出之前就起來了。

2.Blushing, fidgeting nervously with his tie, blinking timidly, he faced us silently for a minute.他紅著臉,緊張不安地擺弄著領帶,膽怯地眨著眼睛,面對大家沉默了一會兒。

3.Ellis drew back, pulled out a pocketknife and ,waving it before him defensively, told Dennis to let him alone.艾利思往后退,抽出小刀,晃著自衛,叫丹尼思別管閑事。

4.This hat was in for a while last year.去年這種帽子流行了一陣子。

副詞轉譯成名詞

1)He was motivated by a desire to reach a compromise.他的動機是希望達成某種妥協。

2)He objected that the plan is not practical.他反對的理由是這個計劃不現實。

3)A well-dressed man, who looked and talked like an American, got into the car.一個穿著考究的人，上了車，他的外表和談吐都像美國人。

名詞轉譯成形容詞

1.Oh, she is all gentleness, kindness, goodness!她真是最溫柔，最體貼，最善良了！

2.In all this great serenity of ocean it is seldom that we espy so much as another ship.在這廣袤無垠的大海上，我們難得看見其他船只。

3.The fresh air after the rain gave one a feeling of exceptional coolness and comfort.雨后空氣清新,使人感到格外涼爽、舒暢。

4.The life of her smile, the warmth of her voice, hasn’t she, only cold paper and dead words!沒有了她的活潑的笑容，沒有了她的溫暖的聲音，只有冷的紙和死的字。

名詞轉譯成副詞

1.We set out in great haste for Venice.我們匆匆忙忙的動身到威尼斯。

2.The man nodded with satisfaction.那個人滿意地點了點頭。

3.The girls wore all smiles on meeting those guests from remote areas.姑娘們笑容滿面地歡迎這些遠道而來的客人。

形容詞轉譯成副詞

1.The landing was designed to cut the peninsula in two.登陸的目的是要把該半島一切為二。

2.They signed two agreements that served to warm up the atmosphere of their relations.他們簽訂了兩個協議，目的是要把他們的關系熱乎起來。

3.His image as a good student was badly tarnished.他作為一個好學生的形象，遭到嚴重玷污。

4.He had deep sympathy for the insulted and the injured.他對于被侮辱的人和被損害的人有著深厚的同情心。

5.Hospitals are getting more efficient these days.近日來，醫院的效率越來越高了。