第一篇：復合句時態一致

條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句與主句時態一致的情況

主從復合句中時態一致

（“主過從過，主將從現，主現從任”原則）

主從復合句中時態的一致是中考考點之一。主要有以下幾種情況：

【主將從現】

在以when，after，as soon as等引導的時間狀語從句以及以if，unless等引導的條件狀語從句中，如果主句是一般將來時，從句則用一般現在時。例如：

I'll tell her the good news when she comes back.當她回來的時候，我將把這個好消息告訴她。

If it doesn't rain, he will come here on time.如果不下雨，他會按時來這兒的。常見的有以下三種情況：

一、條件狀語從句的主句是一般將來時，那么從句常常用一般現在時。如：

When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients.我長大后要當一名護士，照顧病人。

二、如果主句是祈使句，那么從句通常要用一般現在時。

如：Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake.我犯錯誤的時候不要笑話我。

三、如果主句是含有情態動詞的一般現在時，根據需要從句多用一般現在時。

如：You should be quiet when you are in the reading room.在閱覽室時應保持安靜。

【主過從過】

在含有賓語從句的主從復合句中，當主句的謂語動詞為過去時態時，從句須用表示過去的某種時態。例如：

He asked when they would go to the party.他問他們什么時候將去參加聚會。

Miss Green said she had been to Beijing before.格林小姐說她以前曾經去過北京。【主現從任】

在賓語從句中，當主句的時態為一般現在時、現在進行時、現在完成時等時態時，后面從句時態不受主句限制，可根據情況，選用各種適合的時態。例如：

Do you know when we'll have a football match?你知道我們什么時候舉行足球賽嗎？

You know he has gone to Shanghai.你知道他已去上海了。

【特別關注】

1.當賓語從句表述的是客觀事實、科學真理、現在的習慣動作以及格言等時，其時態不受主句限制，而用一般現在時。例如：

The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老師告訴我們光速比音速要快。

When I was a student, my teacher often told us that time and tide wait for no man.當我還是學生的時候，老師常常告訴我們，歲月不等人。

2.在“since＋點時間”句型中，主句通常用現在完成時，從句用一般過去時。例如：

He has worked at the factory since he came here.自從他來到這兒，他就一直在這家工廠上班。另外，在句型“It's+段時間＋since＋從句”中，since后面的從句要用一般過去時。例如： It's a long time since we met last.自從我們上次見面以來已經有好長時間了。3.在復合句中，如果主、從句表示的動作或狀態都發生在過去，而且有先后，則在先的用過去完成時，在后的用一般過去時。例如：

When he got there, the train had left.當他到那兒的時候，火車已經開了。

He said he had visited the school before.他說他以前參觀過那所學校。【小試身手】

1.If he ___ harder , he will catch up with us soon.（04 北京）A.study B.studies C.will study D.studied 2.I will go swimming with you if I ___ free tomorrow.（04哈爾濱）A.will be B.shall be C.am D.was

3.If you ___ a chance to study in a foreign country ,just take it.（04 蘇州）A.getting B.had got C.will get D.get 4.Don’t leave until he ___ back.（）

A.have come B.comes C.will come D.came 5.“ Shall we have the volleyball match tomorrow?” “ Oh, it will be put off if it ____.（04 黃岡）

A.snows B.is snowing C.snowed D.will snow

6.－Tell him about the news when he ____ ,John.－ Yes, I will.（04 寧波）

A.comes B.will come C.would D.is coming 7.Tomorrow we will go to the city park____ it is sunny.（05 安徽）A.as soon as B.when C.if D.as 8.Please don’t leave until your teacher ___back.（05河南）A.will come B.came C.comes D.is coming 9.I want to know if there ___a sports meeting next month.If they ___ it , I must get ready for it。（05青島）

A.is,will hold B.will be, hold

C.will be, will hold D.will have, hold 10.－Mary, what about going boating if it ___tomorrow.－Good idea.A.not rain B.will rain C.doesn’t rain D.won’t rain

參考答案：1-5 BCDBA 6-10 ACCBC

第二篇：復合句

復合句

一、名詞性從句

1.一個句子起名詞的作用，在句中做主語、賓語／介詞賓語、表語、同位語 連接詞有that, whether, if（做“是否”講時，只用于賓語從句）, who, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever, when, where, why, how等 注意：

whoever和whomever的區別

whoever和whomever相當于anyone who，用主格與賓格取決于其在從句中做主語還是做賓語。如：

They always give the vacant seats to whoever comes first.(whoever在從句中做主語)

2.有關同位語從句的問題

(1)引導詞通常為that, 但有時因名詞內容的需要，也可由whether及連接副詞why, when, where, how引導。that不表示任何意義，其他詞表示時間、地點、原因等。如：

The problem, where I will have my college education, at home or abroad, remains untouched.(2)同位語從句有時與先行詞隔開，注意識別。如：

Evidence came up that specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.3.whether與if在引導名詞性從句時的區別

whether與if作“是否”講，在用法上有相同之處，也有不同之處 相同之處： 1）whether和if都能引導賓語從句，常置于see, ask, learn, tell, wonder, doubt, find out等動詞之后。如：

He asked me whether/if I could help him.I want to know whether/if he lives there.2）whether和if都可用it作形式主語從句中。如：

It's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening.3）在be uncertain/doubtful之后，常用whether引導賓語從句，有時也可以用if，如：

We are uncertain whether/if Mary will come.不同之處：

1）whether可置于句首引導主語從句，而if不能。

2）whether可用在介詞之后，引導賓語從句，而if則不能。如：

Success depends on whether we make enough effort.3）whether可引導表語從句，if則不能。如：

The question is whether it is not worth doing.4）在名詞之后引導同位語從句時，用whether而不用if。如：

The question whether the students answered correctly should be decided by the teacher.5）whether后可接不定式，而if不能。如：

Please tell us whether to go or stay here.6）在有些動詞（如discuss）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引導賓語從句。如：

We discussed whether we should close the shop.7）在引導否定概念賓語從句時，只能用if，而不用whether。如： He asked me if I hadn't finished my work.4.動詞believe, expect, fancy, imagine, suppose, think后的賓語從句如為否定式，一般將否定詞轉移到主句謂語上。

二、副詞性(狀語)從句

副詞在句中起狀語作用，故如果起狀語作用的部分為一個句子，那么該句便是副詞性從句，也稱狀語從句。狀語從句可細分為：時間、地點、條件、原因、讓步、目的、結果、比較、方式等。

狀語從句的測試重點為：主從句之間邏輯意義關系，是否能選擇正確的從屬連詞。

1.條件狀語從句的常考知識點

(1)if與unless的用法。if和unless都是引導條件狀語從句的連詞，考生應尤其注意unless的用法，因為它表示反面條件，相當于if not“如果不”、“除非”。

(2)復合連詞as long as，so long as，as far as，on condition that，in the event that；動詞及分詞provided(that)，providing(that)，given that, suppose/supposing(that)，assuming，say等引導條件狀語從句。如：

You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting provided you don’t mind taking the night train.Assuming he is diligent in his studies at ordinary times, he is sure to pass the test.In the event that she has not been informed, I will tell her.(如果??)You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.(如果??)Suppose it rained, we would still go.(假如??)Say it were true, what would you do about it?(假如??)

(3)祈使句表示條件。如：

Dress warmly, or else you’ll catch cold.Talk to anyone in the drug industry, and you’ll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.2.讓步狀語從句的常考知識點

(1)as 引導讓步從句，要求用倒裝結構，把強調的部分置于句首。如： Much as(=as much as=though/although)he likes her, he does get irritated with her sometimes.Although/though he likes her much, he does….Humble as it may be, there is no place like home.= Althoug/though it may be humble, there is ….(2)while引導讓步從句。如: Everybody cheats a little, some psychologists say, while others insist that most people are basically honest and some wouldn’t cheat under any circumstances.(3)復合連接詞for all that和分詞granting/granted(that)引導讓步從句。如: Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.For all that computers can provide us with great help, they shouldn’t be seen as substitutes for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.3.時間狀語從句的常考知識點

(1)before表示漢語的 “只有/必須??才能”。如:

New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before they are fully accepted.(2)when引導時間從句時，如果出現在后半句，則表示“這/那時突然”。如： I have just started back for the house to change my clothes when I heard the voices.(3)when it comes to 是習慣用法，意為“當談到??時”。如：

Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true when it comes to classroom tests.(4)名詞短語、介詞短語each /every time, the moment/second/minute, in the time, by the time起連詞作用。如: I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.My pain must have been apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”

Mercury’s velocity is so much greater than the Earth’s that it completes more than four revolutions around the Sun in the time it takes the Earth to complete one.(5)副詞directly, immediately, instantly, now引導時間從句, 相當于as soon as。如: The policemen went into action directly they heard the alarm.4.原因狀語從句的常考知識點

(1)in that引導原因從句時,有時翻譯成“是因為”、“就在于”。如: Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.(2)now that表示 “既然”;seeing that, considering表示“鑒于”、“考慮到”。如: Now that we have all the material ready, we should begin the new task at once.He did poorly in the examinations, considering how hard he had tried for them.Seeing that she is lawfully old enough to get married, I don’t think you can stop her.其他引導原因狀語從句的連接詞語還有: for the(simple)reason that, by reason that, on the grounds that, in as much as, in so far as等。

5.while, whereas 引導對比從句 如:

While the teenage population in the United States has declined over the past decade, violent crimes committed by juveniles have sharply increased.A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult, whereas he is likely to smile and reach out to another infant.6.so?that?, with the result that, so much so that 引導結果狀語從句 如: Over the years, a large number of overseas students have studied at that university with the result that it has acquired substantial experience in dealing with them.He himself believed in freedom, so much so that he would rather die than live without it.7.in order that, in case, for fear that, lest(用虛擬語氣)引導目的狀語從句 如: Give me your telephone number, in case I need your help.Helen listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what John wanted.8.方式狀語從句

1)A is to B what / as C is to D 2)as if/though引導的方式狀語從句，既可以用陳述語氣，也可以用虛擬語氣。3)引導方式狀語從句的關聯詞還有the way, how, as.如： Do it the way you were taught.Do it how you can.He did as(he was)told.三、形容詞性(定語)從句

1.尤其要注意whose的用法

whose在從句中做定語，修飾名詞。所以，如果關系代詞后面緊接的是名詞，且關系代詞又不在從句中做主語或賓語，那么，這個關系代詞就應該是whose。如：

He is the right person whose personality is well recognized.2.介詞+ which的用法

如果從句中主賓成分齊全，考生便可考慮關系代詞是否在從句中做狀語，而狀語通常用介詞短語充當，于是可以得知，關系代詞前面應有介詞，再分析所給的選項，根據與名詞的搭配作出正確選擇。如：

We are not conscious of the extent to which work provides the psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.3.as 與which用作關系代詞的區別

(1)as與the same, such, so, as等關聯使用。如：

As the forest goes, so goes its animal life.(2)as和which都可以引導非限定性定語從句，但as在句中的位置比較靈活，可出現在句首、句中、句末，而which只能出現在句末，尤其是當先行詞是整個句子時。如：

As is true in all institutions, juries are capable of making mistakes.As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.常見的這類結構有：as has been said before, as has been mentioned above, as can be imagined, as is known to all, as has been announced, as can be seen from these figures, as might/could be expected, as is often the case, as has been pointed out, as often happens, as will be shown等。

4.關系代詞that與which用于引導定語從句的區別

(1)如果關系代詞在從句中做賓語，用that, which都可以，而且可以省略；

(2)先行詞是不定代詞no, every, some, any 以及anything, nothing, little, all, everything時，關系代詞用that；

There is no person that is always in the right.Is there anything that I can do for you?(3)先行詞由形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾或由next，last, only, very修飾時，用that；(4)非限定性定語從句只能用which引導；(5)關系代詞前面如果有介詞，只能用which。

在既指人又指事物的兩個或兩個以上的先行詞后面，必須用that。They are talking about the people and countries that they had visited.5.but做關系代詞，用于否定句，相當于who?not, that?not 這個結構的特點是主句中常有否定詞或含有否定意義的詞。如： There are few teachers but know how to use a computer.There is no complicated problem but can be solved by a computer.

第三篇：復合句及練習

一

復合句是由一個主句加一個或幾個從句所構成的句子，從句只用作句子的一個成份，不能獨立，根據從句在句子中的作用，可分為名詞性從句，定語從句和狀語從句三類。

（一）名詞性從句

名詞性從句包括主語從句，表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，其關聯詞有連接詞that, if, whether, 連接代詞who，what, which等，連接副詞when, where, how, why 等.1、主語從句

主語從句在句中做主語，它可以放在主句謂語動詞之前，但多數情況由it作形式主語，而把主語從句放在主句之后。例如： Who did that is known to all.It is interesting that you should like him.(1)That you are leaving is a pity.(that 從句位于句首時，that不能省略。)It is a pity(that)you are leaving.It is good(that)you are so careful.(2)whether, if 引導主語從句:

It won’t make much difference if / whether you go today or tomorrow.If it is true remains a question.(誤)Whether it is true remains a question.(正)

(3)由what, whatever, whoever引導的主語從句不能用形式主語it引導。What you need is more practice.(正)It’s more practice what you need.(誤)

(4)it’s important/strange/impossible/necessary/natural that 后面的主語從句用虛擬語氣.It’s strange that he(should)attend such an important meeting.2、表語從句

表語從句在句中作表語，位于主句中的系動詞之后。如：

The question is who can complete the difficult task.表語從句還可用as if 引導。例如：

He looked as if he was going to cry.用虛擬語氣的表語從句:

My suggestion is that we should search the house.The order is that everybody should return on time.3、同位語從句

跟在名詞后面，進一步說明該名詞的具體內容，引導同位語從句的名詞主要有fact, news, promise, idea, truth,suggestion,decision, 等。連接詞用that, 不用which。例如：His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.The news that our team has won the match is true.4、賓語從句

1）賓語從句在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語。例如： We can learn what we did not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.如果主句的謂語動詞是及物動詞make, find, see, hear等，則把賓語從句置于賓語補足語之后，用it作為形式賓語。例如：

We find it necessary that we practise spoken-English every day.另外，某些作表語的形容詞，如afraid,sure, happy, glad, certain 等之后可帶賓語從句。例如：

I am sure that he will succeed.注意：（1）關聯詞只能用whether不能用if 表示“是否”的情況如下： A)在表語從句和同位語從句中。例如： The question is whether the film is worth seeing.The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.B）在主語從句中，只有用it作形式主語時，whether 和 if 都能引導主語從句，否則，也只能用whether。(if 只能用在句首)例如： Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet.It hasn't been decided whether(if)we shall attend the meeting.C）在介詞之后。（介詞往往可以省略）例如： It all depends(on)whether they will support us.D）后面直接跟動詞不定式時。例如： He doesn't know whether to stay or not.E）后面緊接or not 時。例如：

We didn't know whether or not she was ready.（2）關聯詞if, whether 均可使用的情況如下： A）引導賓語從句。例如： I wonder if(whether)the news is true or not.B）在“be+形容詞”之后，例如：

He was not sure whether(if)it is right or wrong.(3)關聯詞只能用whether或if ,不能用that 的情況下：

若doubt 一詞作“懷疑”解接賓語從句時，主句為肯定句用whether或if, 主句為否定句或疑問句用that。例如： I doubt whether he will come soon.I do not doubt that he will come soon.Do you doubt that he will come soon?

注意：下面這個例句中doubt的含義為“認為...未必可能”。I doubt that he will come.2)直接引語和間接引語。

引述別人的原話叫直接引語，用自己的話轉述別人的話叫間接引語。這兩種引語不用引號。通常用連接詞聯接于主句。（1）陳述句變為以that 引導的賓語從句。例如： He said,” I’m very glad.“ He said that he was very glad.(2)一般疑問句變為if(whether)引導的賓語從句。例如： He said,” Can you come this afternoon, John?”

He asked whether John could come that afternoon.(3)特殊疑問句變為由who, what, when 等疑問詞引導的賓語從句。例如： He said, “Where is Mr.Wang?” He asked where Mr.Wang was.注意上述例句中時態，人稱代詞，時間狀語的變化。主句謂語動詞為過去時，間接引語中的動詞變化如下：一般現在時變為一般過去時；現在進行時變為過去進行時；一般將來時變為過去將來時；現在完成時變為過去完成時；一般過去時變為過去完成時；過去完成時仍為過去完成時。如果主句謂語動詞為各種現在時或一般將來時，直接引語變為間接引語時，時態一律不變。但從句如果有表示某一具體的時間狀語,從句有時仍用一般過去時.例如： He says, “I cleaned the floor.” He says he cleaned the floor.My father told me that my grandfather was born in 1950.其它變化：指示代詞：this these地點狀語：here時間狀語：now，today，tonight，tomorrow，this week，yesterday，last week，the day before yesterday（two days before）the day after tomorrow（in two days’ time）three years ago, next month etc.（二）定語從句

在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。引導定語從句的關系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, that 等和關系副詞 where, when, why 等。關系代詞和關系副詞在定語從句中擔任句子成分。

1、由who, whom, whose 引導的定語從句。

這類定語從句中 who 用作主語，whom 作賓語，whose 作定語。例如： This is the man who helped me.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?

2、Which 引導的定語從句。

which 在從句中作主語或謂語動詞或介詞的賓語。例如：

This is the book which you want.The building which stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is workshop.注意：（1）whom, which 作介詞賓語時，介詞一般可放在which 之前，也可放在從句原來的位置上，在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在原來的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.注意：（2）引導非限定性定語從句時，關系代詞往往用which , 不用that.例如：

I have lost my pen, which I like very much.3、由that 引導的定語從句

that 在定語從句中可以指人或物，在從句中作主語或謂語動詞的賓語。但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語。例如： The letter that I received was from my father.4.注意在下面幾種情況下必須用“that”引導定語從句： 1）先行詞是不定代詞：all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。例如：

All that we have to do is to practise every day.2）先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級所修飾。例如： The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.3）先行詞被only, no, right, all, any, every, few, little, some 等修飾。例如： I have read all the book(that)you gave me.4）先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last 修飾時。例如： He is the only person that I want to talk to.5）先行詞既有人又有物時。例如：

They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.5.由when, where, why 引導的定語從句。例如： I know the reason why he came late.This is the place where we lived for 5 years.I will never forget the day when I met Mr.Liu.注意：先行詞是表示地點時，有時用where,有時用that 引導定語從句。這時要根據從句的謂語動詞是及物的還是不及物的。是及物的就用that(which)，否則用where.例如： This is the house where he lived last year.This is the house that(which)he visited last year.6、限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句 1）限定性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間不用逗號分開。引導非限定性定語從句的關系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, of which等。這些關系代詞都不能省略。

2）非限定性定語從句是對主句先行詞的補充說明，沒有從句不影響主句意思的完整。一般用逗號把主句和從句分開。通常不用關系代詞that.例如：

I have two sisters, who are both students.I have lost the pen, which I like very much.7、as引導的定語從句

關系代詞as的用法:一般用于such…as, the same…as,(as)…as結構,as 在定語從句中可作主語、賓語和表語。

I would like to use the same pen as was used by you just now.Such a film as you described should not be shown at all.She is not the same girl as she was.as用作關系代詞和關系副詞引導限定性定語從句，并在從句中作定語、表語或狀語，構成the same...as等結構。例如： I like the same book as you do.(as 作賓語）

I shall do it in the same way as you did.（as作狀語）I want to have such a dictionary as he has.（as作賓語）

2）as引導非限定性定語從句。as在定語從句中作主語、表語或賓語，這個定語從句是說明整個句子，它可以放在主句之前。例如： As we all know ,he studies very hard.（as 作賓語）As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.常用的這種類似插入語的句式有as is said above, as is known to all, as it is等。

（三）狀語從句

狀語從句在句中作狀語，修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句放在主句之前時，常用逗號分開；放在主句之后，一般不用逗號。狀語從句按其意義和作用可分為時間、條件、原因、讓步、目的、結果、方式、比較、地點等９種。

1、時間狀語從句

1）時間狀語從句常用連詞有when, as , while, before, after, since, till(until), as soon as, hardly...when..., no sooner...than, the moment等。

2）時間狀語從句一般不用將來時，因此，主句若為將來時，時間狀語從句要用一般現在時。例如：

I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.3）連詞when, while, as 都表示“當?的時候”，但是when引導的從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時發生，也可以先后發生；用as, while 時則強調主句和從句的動作同時發生。例如： While I was reading, he came in.As the walked along the street, he sang happily.4）till(until)表示“一直到?”時，主句和從句都用肯定式；表示“直到?才?”時，主句用否定式，從句用肯定式。例如：

He did not get up till it was dark.他一直工作到天黑。5）as soon as,和 the moment引導的從句表示“一?就?”；用no sooner ? than 和hardly?when引導的從句表示“剛?就?”，主句中的動詞一般用過去完成時，從句用過去時；而且主句一般倒裝，把助動詞had提到前面。例如：

As soon as I finish the work, I'll go to see you.Hardly had I entered the room, when I heard a loud noise.2、原因狀語從句

原因狀語從句常用 because, since 和 as引導。例如： As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park.3、地點狀語從句

地點狀語從句常用 where, wherever 等連詞引導；注意不要和where引導的定語從句相混淆。例如：

We shall go where working conditions are difficult.（狀語從句）

We shall go to the place where work conditions are difficult.（定語從句）

4、條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句用 if unless(if...not),as(so)long as（只要）等詞引導，如果主句是將來時，條件狀語從句用一般現在時表示。例如： As long as I live,I shall work hard.I shall not go to school unless I finish my homework.5、讓步狀語從句

讓步狀語從句由although(though), as, even if, however, whatever, no matter who(how...)等詞引導。例如： Clever as he is , he doesn't study well.注意：由as引導的讓步狀語從句，須將作表語的形容詞或名詞（名詞前不用冠詞）放在句首。

Although it rained heavily, they still went out.No matter who asks her for advice, she is always ready to help.注意：由although（though）引導的讓步從句，主句不能用but。

6、結果狀語從句

結果狀語從句一般由so, so that, so...that, such...that引導，放在主句之后。例如：

The box is no heavy that nobody can move it.It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.7、目的狀語從句

目的狀語從句常用so...that, so that, in order that 等引導，放在主句之后。例如：

They started early that they might arrive in time.He works hard in order that he can serve the country well.8、方式狀語從句

方式狀語從句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though 等引導。as if 和 as though 引導的從句一般用虛擬語氣，但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實現，也可用陳述語氣。例如：

The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man.You man do as you please.9、比較狀語從句

比較狀語從句常由as...as, than, not so...,the more, the more等詞引導。比較從句部分常是省略句。例如： I know you better than he does.The more we can do for you, the happier we will be.復合句練習題

1：Betty, ____has never been abroad, is studying English very well.A.her B.she C.that D.who 2：He wanted to make sure_______.A.how we went there by bus B.where did me go C.what did we go there D.when we went there 3：________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 4：I’ll not ring you up ______ I come back.A.when B.as C.until D.while 5：Do you know the man whom our teacher ______ just now? A.shook handsB.shook his hands C.shook hand with D.shook hands with 6：The small mountain village ___ we spent our holiday two years ago lies in Hubei.A.what B.where C.that D.which 7：_______ he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.A.What B.It C.Which D.That 8： It is generally considered unwise to give a child_______he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 9：This is the first time______ here A.I was B.I will be C.I have been D.I had been 10：He wouldn’t leave the TV set, ________ he was going to have an important exam the next day.11：_____ I had warned him，he was late for school，_____ made him not take the important examination.A.What；that B.That；which C.Which；that D.As；which 12：______ he comes or not, I will wait until 10p.m.A.Whenever B.Whether C.If D.Though 13：It was _____ that we wanted to stay here for another two days.A.such fine weather B.such a fine weather C.so fine weather D.so fine a weather 14：Perseverance is a kind of quality — and that’s ______ it takes do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why 15：He gave a book to ______ entered the classroom.A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever 16：John may phone tonight.I don’t want to go out________ he phones.A.as long as B.in order that C.in case 17：The problems now _______ at the meeting is really ______.A.were discussing；surprised B.being discussed；surprising C.being discussed；surprised D.were discussing；surprising 18：There isn’t so much pollution in the country _______ in big cities.A.that B.which C.as D.what 19：The day will soon come_________ man will set foot on another planet.A.which B.that C.when D.who 20：The book is quite different from ________ I read last month.A.that B.whichC.what D./ 21：________ he went to town, he would have a look at the bookstores.A.When B.While C.Whenever D.After 22：What a shame ________ you are leaving so soon． A.that B.which C.what D.whose 23：My question is __________ you’ll go there.A.if B.whether C.that D.what 24：The horse is getting old and cannot run___________ it did． A.as faster B.so fast than C.so faster as D.so fast as 25：The road is covered with snow．I can't understand______ they insist on going by motorbike． A.why B.whether C.when D.how 26：Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see______.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 27：I thought her nice and honest _____ I met her.A.first time B.for the first time C.the first time D.by the first time 28：He’s got himself into a serious situation _________ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why 29：All the students went to see ____ with her.A.what the matter was B.what was the matter C.what wrong was D.what was the wrong 30：Mr Zhang gave textbooks to all the pupils except_________ who had already taken them.A.the ones B.ones C.some D.the others 31：_____is expected, the boy succeeded in the exam.A.It B.As C.That D.Which 32：I’m rushed off my feet all day.I’m trying to get out of the endless business, ________ I find impossible.A.but B.whileC.whichD.that 33： ______ we can’t get seems better than _______we have． A.What；what B.What；that C.That；that D.That；what 34：The film is________ a true story.A.according to B.according as C.based on D.depended on 35：Peter kept the young plants in the sunshine ____ grow well.A.so that B.so that they could C.in order to they D.in order he 36：It is ten years _________ he joined the army.A.since B.after C.that D.when 37：He is the student _______ you think to be worthy of our praise.A.who B.whom C.he D.him 38：Though he is young, ___________ knows a lot.A.yet he B.but he C.and he D.however he 39：When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule:Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants．

A.what B.which C.when D.that 40：The pile of bones on the plate showed_______.A.how much chicken the family had eaten B.how many the family had eaten chicken C.how much chicken had the family eaten D.how many had the family eaten chickens 41：______ the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.A.Your having read B.While reading C.If reading D.When you read 42：Mother was worried because her little son was ill, especially ____ father was away in the USA.A.as B.if C.that D.during 43：I told him to go to see a doctor, _________ he took.A.which advice B.which C.what advice D.what 44：Too much fat，______well known，is harmful to health． A.which is B.which it is C.as is D.as it is 45：In an armchair _________ an old man, behind _________ his photo taken in Beijing.A.was sitting;him was B.was sitting;whom hang C.sat;him hung D.sat;whom hung 46：These photographs will show you _________.A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how ur village looks like 47：Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _______ I will always treasure.A.thatB.one C.itD.what 48：Don’t use words, expressions or phrase ________ only to people with specific knowledge.A.being known B.having been known C.known D.to be known 49：The black teacher set a good example ____ all the rest of the group, _____ all peace-loving people.A.to, who are B.for, which was C.to, which are D.to, who were 50: He wonders _______ the sound came from A.where B.when C.how D.that

答案解析

1：D: who 試題解析：非限定性定語從句，不能用that，而用who。2： D: when we went there 試題解析：

賓語從句用陳述句語序。A項中有by bus就不能用how。3：

B: Whether 試題解析：

whether表示“是否”之意，引導主語從句時，不用if引導。4：

C: until 試題解析：

until既可用于肯定結構，也可用于否定結構。肯定結構意為“到??為止”；否定結構意為“直到??才”。本題主句謂語動詞為終止性動詞，用了否定句，應譯成“直到我回來，我才給你打電話。” 5：D: shook hands with 試題解析：

shake hands with sb 是一個有用的短語,意為“和??握手”。6： B: where 試題解析： 答案：B 解析：此題考查的是定語從句的用法。分析句子結構可知，該空所填詞要引導定語從句，由此可以排除A，因為what不可以引導定語從句；因從句的基本結構主謂賓齊全，所以使用關系副詞引導定語從句，且在從句中作狀語。故正確答案唯有B項。7： A: What 試題解析：

答案解析:名詞性關系代詞what引導的主語從句，在此處what = the thing which。8： B: whatever 試題解析：

whatever引導名詞性從句，作賓語，意為“無論什么??都”。9： C: I have been 試題解析：

先行詞是time, day, month, year等名詞時，其定語從句用when引導，但It’s the first(secod, third)time that?.是特殊結構，只能用that引導，可以省略。這里的that= when。故選C。10： A: even if試題解析：

even if“即使”，引導讓步狀語從句。此句表示“即使第二天有重要的考試，他也不會離開電視機”。11： D: As；which 試題解析：

該題考查非限制性定語從句。what不能引導定語從句，that不能引導非限制性定語從句。as和which都可以引導非限制性定語從句。which可代替前面句子的整個或部分內容；as表示“與??一致；正如”之意，可代替前面或后面句子的整個或部分內容，常用于as we know／see，as we expected等短語中。as可放在句首或句子中，which只能在句中。故答案應選D。

12： B: Whether 試題解析：

Whether與or not連用，引導讓步狀語從句。13： A: such fine weather 試題解析：

weather[U]n.雖然前面有adj.修飾，也不能加a/an,只能用“such+adj.+[U]n.”結構。14： A: what 試題解析：

what 在表語從句中作takes的賓語，構成“It takes sth.to do sth”的句型。15： C: whoever 試題解析：

從句子結構上分析，主句中的介詞“to”后缺少賓語，而從句也沒有主語，這時肯定要填上一個具有“雙重功能”的關系性wh-連詞。who和whom無此功能，排除之。D項的whomever，在這里也不對，故選C。16： C: in case 試題解析：

本題考查從屬連詞。由信息句John may phone tonight(約翰可能今晚給我打電話)，可知“我不想出去”，是怕“萬一他給我打電話。”as long as意為只要, in order that?表示目的。

17： B: being discussed；surprising 試題解析：

being discussed作后置定語，修飾the problems。sth.is surprising。18： C: as 試題解析：

選C。先行詞前若有so/such/the same等詞時其關系詞應用as。19： C: when 試題解析：

when引導的從句修飾day，為了平衡后置。20： C: what 試題解析：

what引導的從句作from的賓語。這里的what相當于the book(the One which／that／省略關系代詞)。21： C: Whenever 試題解析：

選C。whenever意為“每當，無論何時”，等于no matter when。22： A: that 試題解析：

此題考查shame的用法。a shame意為a pity，表示“令人遺憾的事；令人惋惜的事”。通常跟that引導的從句。如：It’s a shame that you are 1ate again．What a shame that you are late again．還可以跟不定式。如：It is a shame for you to be late again． 23： B: whether 試題解析：

由語境可知該空引導從句，表示“是否”，因此應填whether而不能填if。24： D: so fast as 試題解析：

這里是比較狀語從句，as?as和not so?as中間只能接形容詞和副詞的原級。25： A: why 試題解析：

本題考查賓語從句的引導詞。根據語句的意義，選A比較恰當。句子意思是：路面上覆蓋滿了雪，我不明白他們為什么堅持要騎摩托車。26： D: who it is 試題解析：

賓語從句要用陳述句的語序。如果我們對所談到的那個人還不清楚是誰時，要用it。

27： C: the first time 試題解析：

the first time(第一次)和every time，by the time，last time都可以引導時間狀語從句。句意為：我第一次和她見面時，就認為她很誠實。

28： A: where 試題解析：where引導的定語從句，相當于in the situation。29： B: what was the matter 試題解析：

what was the matter(with)和what was wrong(with)作賓語從句時語序不變。注意what was the mater和what the matter was含義不同，后者意為“這是什么物質”。30： A: the ones 試題解析： 后面出現定語從句修飾，表示拿課本的“那些學生”顯然是特指概念，因此排除B和C。the others“其余的人或物”，本身已表示是范圍中的另一部分，后而不能用定語從句修飾。31： B: As 試題解析：

as在開頭引導非限制性定語從句。32： C: which試題解析：

本題選C正確。如果選A，find后應有it作賓語，impossible作賓語補足語。而選C的理由是，which引導非限制性定語從句，which在從句中作find的賓語，which指代前面句子：I’m trying to get out of the?。

33： A: What；what 試題解析：

從語法項目分類看，此題涉及的是兩個名詞從句，都是主語從句，其基本框架是What we?seems better than what we?。此題把兩個簡單的主語從句用seem相連，加上使用了比較級，就構成了識別語句基本框架的難度，使得簡單句式復雜化。34： C: based on 試題解析： according to 在作“根據，依據”講時只做狀語，不做表語。According as是較正式用語，意為“根據，取決于，視??而定”，是從屬連詞，后接從句。如：You may go or stay, according as you decide.是去是留由你自己決定。Depend on是“依靠，依賴”。Be based on/ upon是“以??為基礎”，符合題意。故正確答案為C。35： B: so that they could 試題解析： so that此處表目的。36： A: since 試題解析：

當表示已經知道的原因時用as 或since, 但since比 as正式一些.37： B: whom 試題解析：

關系代詞在此作定語從句謂語動詞think的賓語，故用賓格。38： A: yet he 試題解析：

though雖不能與but連用，但都可以和yet／still連用，這時yet／still是連接副詞，這同if?then同理。39：A: what 試題解析：

這是一個賓語從句，wants后面缺少賓語，所以要填寫what。句意是：當你找工作面試回答問題時，請記住這條黃金定律：永遠給予對方確實想要的東西。40：A: how much chicken the family had eaten 試題解析：

賓語從句的主謂不可倒裝；how much + 不可數名詞 41： D: When you read 試題解析：

本題是上海1996年的高考試題。when you read the poem a second time是時間狀語從句。42： A: as 試題解析：

as引導原因狀語從句，表示mother著急的原因。其他選項都不正確。43： A: which advice 試題解析：

which引導定語從句，可以表示主句的整體概念或部分概念時，接抽象名詞，如time，rate，advice等。44： C: as is 試題解析：

此題考查1)which和as引導非限制性定語從句的區別用法和as都能引導非限制性定語從句。which可指主句中的某一個名詞，也可指主句的整個句子，譯為“這；這件事” ；as只能指主句的整個句子，譯為“正如”。2)which只能放在主句后；as可放在主句的前面、中間和主句的后面。根據這兩點，A、B不能填。D中as作主語，it是多余的。C項中as是主語。

45： D: sat;whom hung 試題解析：答案：D 解析：hang作“絞死”講，是規則的；作“懸掛”講，其過去式過去分詞都是hung.根據句子的意思可知表示“掛”，由此可以排除B；在英語中，直接用逗號連接兩個分句是行不通的，由此可以排除A和C。46： B: what our village looks like 試題解析： 解析：如把D項中的like去掉也對。47： B: one 試題解析：

本題一改過去考查用which引導非限定性定語從句的出題模式，沒有給出該選項，因此我們在作同位語的代詞中選擇。本題的代詞替代沒有具體所指的an unforgettable moment,因此用one而不是it。在平時做題時注意不要有定勢思維。本題考生錯就錯在只想到定語從句，選項中一旦沒有which就失去了判斷力。48：C: known 試題解析：

過去分詞作定語，可以擴展為which are known?從句。49： D: to, who were 試題解析： 答案：D, 解析：set an example to表示給某人樹榜樣，由此可以排除B;因先行詞指人，故使用who引導非限定性定語從句，由此可以排除C;根據時態的一致原則可知，此處應當使用一般過去時，故正確答案為D項。50： A: where 試題解析：

where引導賓語從句，在從句中作地點狀語。

第四篇：主從復合句中時態的一致主要有以下幾種情況

主從復合句中時態的一致主要有以下幾種情況：

一、在以when，after，as soon as等引導的時間狀語從句以及以if，unless等引導的條件狀語從句中，如果主句是一般將來時，從句則用一般現在時。例如：

I'll tell her the good news when she comes back.當她回來的時候，我將把這個好消息告訴她。

If it doesn't rain, he will come here on time.如果不下雨，他會按時來這兒的。

二、在含有賓語從句的主從復合句中，當主句的謂語動詞為過去時態時，從句須用表示過去的某種時態。例如：

He asked when they would go to the party.他問他們什么時候將去參加聚會。

Miss Green said she had been to Beijing before.格林小姐說她以前曾經去過北京。

三、在賓語從句中，當主句的時態為一般現在時、現在進行時、現在完成時等時態時，后面從句時態不受主句限制，可根據情況，選用各種適合的時態。例如：

Do you know when we'll have a football match?你知道我們什么時候舉行足球賽嗎？

You know he has gone to Shanghai.你知道他已去上海了。

四、當賓語從句表述的是客觀事實、科學真理、現在的習慣動作以及格言等時，其時態不受主句限制，而用一般現在時。例如：

The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老師告訴我們光速比音速要快。

When I was a student, my teacher often told us that time and tide wait for no man.當我還是學生的時候，老師常常告訴我們，歲月不等人。

五、在“since＋點時間”句型中，主句通常用現在完成時，從句用一般過去時。例如：

He has worked at the factory since he came here.自從他來到這兒，他就一直在這家工廠上班。

另外，在句型“It's+段時間＋since＋從句”中，since后面的從句要用一般過去時。例如：

It's a long time since we met last.自從我們上次見面以來已經有好長時間了。

六、在復合句中，如果主、從句表示的動作或狀態都發生在過去，而且有先后，則在先的用過去完成時，在后的用一般過去時。例如：

When he got there, the train had left.當他到那兒的時候，火車已經開了。

He said he had visited the school before.他說他以前參觀過那所學校。

第五篇：復合句翻譯練習

1.Since western fast food was introduced into China ten years ago, great changes have taken place in our eating habits.自從十年前西式快餐進入中國以來，我們的飲食習慣發生了巨大的變化。

2.As long as everyone is fully aware of the risks of obesity and take effective measures, I am sure that we can have more health.只要每個人都充分意識到肥胖的危害性并且采取有效措施，我肯定我們一定能過得更健康。

3.All that the advocates say is ______________________________.支持者所說的一切均是站不住腳的。

4.I am now complaining about the guy ______________________________________________.我要投訴剛搬到我家隔壁來的那個家伙。

5.It is imperative that____________________________________________________________.采取有效措施來結束日益惡化的空氣污染勢在必行。

6.It is commonly believed that _____________________________________________________人們普遍認為太空探索能促進科學事業的發展。

7.Some people hold that __________________________________________________________.有些人認為旅游業的發展對傳統文化產生一些負面的影響。

8.I can hardly agree with / support the proposal_______________________________________.我很難認同婦女應該回家做全職太太的建議。

9.The most practical countermeasure is that __________________________________________.最實際的對策是制定更嚴厲的法律和法規來懲處違規者。

10.____________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________.當每個人都充分意識到環保的重要性，并采取可行的措施，我堅信我們能享有更干凈的環境。

11.It is true that the

_______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________but this not to say that they are without disadvantages.奧運會增進各國友誼和促進主辦國的經濟發展，但這并非意味著奧運會是完美無缺的。

12.____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________.因為旅游業有助于增進人們之間的了解，它將最終消除對其他國家的偏見，從而使世界變得更加和平。