第一篇：2014年6月四六級翻譯練習

1.【請將下面一段話翻譯成英文】

同樣，在工作中還存在偏見和沙文主義。我們總以為在女經(jīng)理與男經(jīng)理之間實現(xiàn)了平等，但事實并非如此。玻璃(有人說混凝土)天花板在許多地方仍然存在著。所以，如果你處于少數(shù)，則應該細想一下它會怎樣影響你事業(yè)上的發(fā)展機會。不要怨恨和覺得痛苦，但一定不要讓自己閑著。這也許是應該辭職去尋找更好的工作的時候了。

【參考翻譯】

Also, prejudice and chauvinism still exist in the workplace.While we like to think women managers have achieved parity with men, this isn't true.The glass(some say concrete)ceiling stull exists in many places.So, if you're a minority, consider how this is affecting your advancement chances.Don't be bitter, but do get busy.It may be time to get out and find something better.2.【請將下面一段話翻譯成英文】

公園免費開放

長久以來，人們一直對市區(qū)公園是否應該收門票的話題爭論不休。一些人認為市區(qū)公園是用納稅人的錢建立起來的，是供人們休閑、娛樂的公共場所，因此應該是免費的。另一方面，還有一些人稱，考慮到中國人口眾多，公民責任意識淡薄的情況，一旦免費開放市區(qū)公園，這些公園會管理不善，將不可避免地受到損壞。綜合考慮兩種觀點，我較認同后者。可以確定的是市區(qū)公園免費開放要與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展情況相適應，因為這需要財政的支持。因此，以中國現(xiàn)有的經(jīng)濟水平，免費開放市區(qū)公園的目標要逐步實現(xiàn)。

【翻譯詞匯】

市區(qū)公園 urban park

門票 entrance fee

納稅人 taxpayer

休閑 leisure

娛樂 entertainment

公共場所 public establishment

考慮到 considering

公民責任意識淡薄 lack of a sense of civic duty

較認同 be inclined to

與?相適應 proceed with

財政的 financial

逐步 step by step

【精彩譯文】

The question whether urban parks should charge an entrance fee or not has been a source of controversy for a long time.On the one hand, some people claim that

urban parks, supposed to be places where people have leisure and entertainment, are public establishments that have been created with taxpayers’ money and thus should be free.On the other hand, some others maintain that, considering China’s large population and lack of a sense of civic duty, once the parks are free of charge, they will not be properly managed and will inevitably be damaged.When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to the latter view.It’s certain that free entry to urban parks should proceed with economic development, as it needs financial support.Hence, the current economic level in China reflects that free entry to parks can only be realized step by step.3.請將下面這段話翻譯成英文：

方言

最近，一些地方大學開始將方言列為某些學生的必修課程，學生們要學習當?shù)胤窖裕缓蟊辉u分以作為畢業(yè)的依據(jù)之一。一方面，支持此種做法的人認為，將方言列為必修課可防止其消失，從而使當?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)文化和文化多樣性得以弘揚，同時城市獨特的個性得以保留。另一方面，反對此種做法的人爭論說，當?shù)貙W生與外地學生相比有很多絕對優(yōu)勢，因此將方言列為必修課會引起教育不公平的問題。而且，將方言列為必修課程還會引起一些其他問題，如教材使用、師資問題和考試標準等。在我看來，方言作為傳統(tǒng)文化不可缺少的一部分和一種交流工具，可以讓學生自愿學習和使用，而不是強制完成。

【翻譯詞匯】

方言 dialect

必修課程 compulsory course

依據(jù) judging factor

支持 approve

消失 extinguish

文化多樣性 cultural diversity

弘揚 enhance

個性 identity

爭論說 contend

絕對的 absolute

引起 give rise to/bring forth

考試標準 examination standard

不可缺少的 indispensable

自愿地 voluntarily

學習acquire

【精彩譯文】

Recently, it has been practiced by some local universities that dialect is made a compulsory course for some students, under which students are subject to learning the local dialect and then graded as one of the judging factors for them to graduate.On the one hand, people approving the practice maintain that it will help to prevent the dialect from extinguishing so that the local traditional culture and the cultural diversity can be enhanced, and the unique urban identity can be preserved

simultaneously.On the other hand, people in opposition to the practice contend that it will give rise to the appearance of educational inequality, for the local students will enjoy absolute advantages over those from other places.Moreover, the inclusion of dialect in compulsory courses will bring forth other problems like teaching material, teachers and examination standards.As far as I am concerned, dialects, as an indispensable part of local traditional culture as well as a tool for communication, can be acquired and used voluntarily, not compulsorily.4.請將下面這段話翻譯成英文：

要使民主得以存在，善于思索的人與敏于行動的人都必須去除傲慢與偏見;他們 要有勇氣、有全心全意的獻身精神，最重要的是要有謙虛精神，去尋求與傳播那 使人民永保自由的真理。朝著上述目標，我們會尋找到個人的平靜，那不是歇息而是經(jīng)過努力奮斗后的平靜;我們會對自己的有所作為感到由衷的滿意;為取得力所不能及的成就而感到 深深喜悅;懂得了我們所創(chuàng)造的遠比我們所知道的要更為輝煌燦爛。

參考譯文：

If democracy is to survive, it is the task of men of thought, as well as men at action, to put aside pride and prejudice, and with courage and single-minded devotion—and above all with humility—to find the truth and teach the truth that shall keep men free.We may find in that sense of purpose,the personal peace,not f repose,but of effort,the keen satisfaction of doing,the deep feeling of achievement for something far beyond ourselves,the knowledge that we build more gloriously than we know.5.請將下面這段話翻譯成英文：

大規(guī)模消費時代

隨著中國經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展到新的高度，中國目前已經(jīng)進入了大規(guī)模消費時代，中國民眾的購買力隨著中國市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展而迅速增長。因此，那些追求物質(zhì)生活的人們只要有購買力，就不可避免地會購買奢侈品。一項報告顯示，中國的奢侈品消費總額占全球市場份額的四分之一，且位居世界第二，僅次于日本。然而，從消費觀念方面來講，很多中國的消費者還處在“炫耀性消費”的階段，這是一種不健康的狀態(tài)。奢侈品不應該是炫耀的手段，或者是與權力、財富和社會關系相關的標志。參考譯文：

【翻譯詞匯】

大規(guī)模消費時代 an era of mass consumption

追求物質(zhì)生活 pursue material life

購買力 purchasing power

因此 therefore

奢侈品 luxury

占 account for

市場份額 market share

從?來講 in regard to

炫耀性消費 conspicuous consumption

炫耀 show off

與?相關 be associated with

社會關系 social tie

【精彩譯文】

As China has achieved new heights in its economy and recently entered an era of mass consumption, the purchasing power of Chinese people is rising along with the development of market economy.Therefore, it is inevitable that people who pursue material life buy luxuries as long as they can afford.According to a report, the total consumption of luxuries in China accounted for a quarter of the global market share and ranked second in the world after Japan.However, in regard to consumption concept, a large number of Chinese consumers are still in the stage of “conspicuous consumption”, which is unhealthy.Luxuries should not be the tools of showing off or signs associated with power, wealth and social ties.

第二篇：四六級翻譯

四六級翻譯

1.中國酒文化

Chinese wine culture

中國人在7000年以前就開始用谷物釀酒。總的來說，不管是古代還是現(xiàn)代，酒都和中國文化息息相關。長久以來，中國的酒文化在人們生活中一直扮演著重要的角色。我們的祖先在寫詩時以酒助興，在宴會中和親朋好友敬酒。作為一種文化形式，酒文化也是普通百姓生活不可分割的部分，比如生日宴會，送別晚宴，婚禮慶典等。

Chinese people began to make spirits with grains seven thousand years ago.Generally speaking, wine has a close connection with culture in china in both ancient and modern times.Chinese wine culture has been playing a quite important role in Chinese people’s life for a time.Our Chinese ancestors used wine to enjoy themselves while writing poetry,or to make a toast to their 中國酒文化

Chinese wine culture

中國人在7000年以前就開始用谷物釀酒。總的來說，不管是古代還是現(xiàn)代，酒都和中國文化息息相關。長久以來，中國的酒文化在人們生活中一直扮演著重要的角色。我們的祖先在寫詩時以酒助興，在宴會中和親朋好友敬酒。作為一種文化形式，酒文化也是普通百姓生活不可分割的部分，比如生日宴會，送別晚宴，婚禮慶典等。

Chinese people began to make spirits with grains seven thousand years ago.Generally speaking, wine has a close connection with culture in china in both ancient and modern times.Chinese wine culture has been playing a quite important role in Chinese people’s life for a time.Our Chinese ancestors used wine to enjoy themselves while writing poetry,or to make a toast to their relatives and friends during a feast.Wine culture ,as a kind of culture form ,is also an inseparable part in the life of ordinary Chinese people such as birthday party ,farewell dinner ,wedding,etc.relatives and friends during a feast.Wine culture ,as a kind of culture form ,is also an inseparable part in the life of ordinary Chinese people such as birthday party ,farewell dinner ,wedding,etc.2.中國書法

Chinese Calligraphy

中國書法歷史悠久，它不僅是漢字的傳統(tǒng)書寫形式，也是體現(xiàn)自我修養(yǎng)和自我表達的藝術。作者的內(nèi)心通過美妙的字體得以體現(xiàn)。書法在中國藝術中擁有舉足輕重的地位，因為它影響到了其它的中國藝術形式，比如古典詩歌，雕塑，傳統(tǒng)音樂及舞蹈，建筑及手工藝品。作為傳統(tǒng)的藝術瑰寶，中國書法被全世界人民所喜愛，且越來越受到歡迎。

Characters Chinese calligraphy is not only a traditional Chinese characters writing with a long history ,but also an art of self-expression.Inner world of the help of beautiful Chinese script.Chinese calligraphy plays an important role in Chinese art ,for it has influenced other Chinese artistic forms like classical poetry ,sculpture ,traditional music and dance ,architecture and handicrafts.As a treasured artistic form of Chinese culture,Chinese calligraphy is enjoyed by people throughout the world and is becoming more and more popular.3.中國山水畫

Landscape Painting

山水畫一直以來都被譽為中國繪畫的最高境界。它品位高端，很受歡迎。一般意義上，中國山水畫被認為是書法，繪畫及詩歌的結合或延伸。漢語“山水”這個詞是由“山”和“水”兩個漢字組成，且與道教的哲學思想相聯(lián)系，它強調(diào)的是人與自然的和諧。中國畫家描繪的不總是真實的世界，他們呈現(xiàn)出來的是自己想象出來的風景，這些風景不再只是對眼前世界的描繪，而是畫家內(nèi)在思想的寫照。因此，人們認為欣賞山水畫除了可以很好地了解畫家的內(nèi)心世界之外，還可以凈化自己的靈魂。

Landscape painting is traditionally considered as the highest form of Chinese painting styles.It is very popular and is associated with refined scholarly taste.Chinese Landscape painting in general is seen as a combination or extension of calligraphy ,painting ,and poetry.The Chinese term for “l(fā)andscape” is made up of two characters meaning “mountains and water”.It is linked with the philosophy of Daoism ,which emphasizes harmony with the natural world.Chinese artists do not usually paint real place but imaginary landscape which is no longer about the description of conveying the inner mind.People therefore believe that looking at landscape painting is a good way to realize the artist’s inner heart as well as a way to purify their souls.4.中國戲曲

Chinese Opera

在中國，戲曲是一種很流行的戲劇形式，一般來說，可以追溯到唐朝時期，當時的皇帝唐玄宗創(chuàng)立了“梨園”。如今，許多外國人也很喜歡中國的戲曲。最吸引他們的則是獨有風格-臉譜，它不僅是戲曲中的一大亮點，同時還要求獨特的繪畫技藝。每個演員臉上夸張的扮相代表其扮演的角色的性格和命運。熟知戲曲的觀眾通過觀察演員的臉譜和服裝就可以知道角色背后的故事。通常紅色臉譜代表忠誠與勇敢；黑色代表兇猛；黃色和白色代表口是心非；金色和銀色代表神秘。對于中國人，特別是老年人，欣賞戲曲是他們的一大樂趣。

Chinese Opera is a popular form of drama in China.In general ,it dates back to the Tang Dynasty with Emperor XuanZhong ,who founded the “Pear Garden”.Now Chinese opera is warmly welcomed by many foreign people.What appeals foreigners most might be the distinctive style of facial make-up, which is one of the highlights and requires distinctive designs are painted on each performer’s face to symbolize a character’s personality,and fate.Audiences who are familiar with opera can know the story by observing the facial painting as well as the costumes.Generally,a red face represents loyalty and bravery;a black face ,rough;yellow and white faces,duplicity;and golden and silver faces,mystery.For Chinese,especially older folks, to listen to opera is a real pleasure.5.京劇

Peking Opera

京劇是中國的一種傳統(tǒng)藝術。它是中國戲曲的一種，誕生于1790年四大徽班（Four Great Anhui Troupes）入京表演的時候。19世紀中期得到快速發(fā)展，到清朝達到全盛階段。京劇被看成是中國的文化瑰寶之一。雖然它被稱為京劇，但是它的發(fā)源地卻是中國的安徽省和湖北省。京劇起初是宮廷表演藝術，而后才慢慢普及到民間。在數(shù)百年前，京劇作為一種新的戲曲形式，無論在哪進行表演，都飽受歡迎。而在現(xiàn)代社會中，包括京劇在內(nèi)的傳統(tǒng)戲曲卻不大能被年輕人接受，面臨著巨大的生存危機。

Peking opera is a traditional art in china.It is a kind of Chinese opera which was born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes came to Beijing in 1790,arose in the mod-19th century and was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty.Peking opera is widely regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China.Although it is called Beijing opera,its originally staged for the court and came into the public later.Hundreds of years ago,as a new drama form,wherever it was performed,it would be warmly welcomed.Unfortunately,in the modern world,traditional operas including Peking Opera have to face the existential crisis,because they are not easily accepted by younger generations.6.昆曲 Kunqu Opera

昆曲是中國古老戲曲中的一種，起源于江蘇昆山，擁有600多年的歷史。它是連接過去與現(xiàn)在，中國與世界的紐帶，對現(xiàn)今中國的戲曲形式，包括川劇與京劇在內(nèi)，都產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。昆曲蘊育了各種意象美，從音樂，舞蹈到詩歌，人們的精神世界甚至中國人的靈魂，都有所體現(xiàn)。正因為如此，昆曲在過去廣受歡迎，也成了中國文化遺產(chǎn)中最珍貴的部分。但是現(xiàn)在，昆曲不僅面臨著來自大眾流行文化的挑戰(zhàn)，而且年輕人也對其缺乏興趣。只有進行適當?shù)谋Ｗo，昆曲才能擁有美好的未來。

Kunqu Opera,which originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu province,is one of China’s classical operas with a history of more than 600 years.Kunqu Opera serves as a link between past and present,China and the world.It has exerted a dominant influence on recent forms of opera in China,including the Sichuan and Beijing operas.Kunqu Opera embraced every imaginable beauty,from music and dance,to poetry and people’s spirit world and even very soul of the Chinese nation,so that Kunqu Opera is facing competition from mass culture and a lack of interest amongst the young.It can only have a bright future when it is protected in a proper way.7.唐詩 Poems of the Tang Dynasty

唐代，是中國古典詩歌的鼎盛時期，在不到300年的時間里，涌現(xiàn)出了許多著名的詩人和詩作。清朝時編輯的《全唐詩》（Poems of the Tang Dynasty)已收錄2200多位詩人創(chuàng)作的48900多首詩歌。這些詩歌讓人們深入了解到當時社會生活的各個方面。中國人很喜歡唐詩，就連小孩子也能背出幾首，如李白的《靜夜思》（Thoughts in the Silent Night)，杜甫的《春夜喜雨》(Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。唐詩不僅是中國古代文學史上最光輝的一頁，而且也是人類文化史中的一個奇跡。

The Tang Dynasty witnessed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry,with many renowned poets and famous woeks appearing over a period of less than 300 years.Pomes of the Tang Dynasty edited during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48900 poems written by over 2200 poets.These poems provide an insight into all aspects of the social life of the period.Chinese people are very foud of Tang poetry ,and even children can recite some from memory,such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai,Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu ,etc.Tang poetry not only serves as a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature,but is also a miracle in the history of human culture.8.中國武術 Chinese Martial Arts/Kunfu

中國武術擁有悠久的歷史，在中國廣為流行。受中國古典美學所提倡的剛柔并濟的影響，中國武術形成了自己的審美標準。現(xiàn)在很多人習武是為了健康，娛樂和競技。為了更好地傳承這一古老的技藝，全國各地開設有很多的武術俱樂部和協(xié)會。自1980年起，一大批的武術專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生被分配到學校里教授武術。現(xiàn)在很多專家通過將搏斗技巧和健康結合到一起，試著將武術變?yōu)橐豁椏茖W的運動。他們希望有一天，武術可以作為一項賽事納入奧運會中。

Chinese martial arts enjoy a long history and great popularity in China.Influenced by ancient Chinese aesthetics which advocated a balance between hardness and softness,Chinese martial arts have formed their own aesthetic standards.Today,many people practice it to pursue heath,entertainment and competition.In order to inherit the ancient art,many martial arts clubs and associations have been established across China.Since 1980,a large number of graduates majoring in martial arts have been assigned to teach martial arts into a scientific sport by combining fighting skills with heath.They hope that one day martial arts will become a sport event at the Olympic Games.9.長城

The Great Wall

長城，作為中國的象征之一，不僅是中國的奇跡，也是整個世界的奇跡。它始建于春秋戰(zhàn)國時期，秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國后，連結了各段長城以抵御外敵入侵。先純的長城遺跡主要為建于14世紀的明長城。長城有著兩千多年的歷史，于1987年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)。現(xiàn)如今，長城仍是世界上最受歡迎的景點之一。

As one of the symbols of China, the Great Wall is a wonder not only to China but also to the whole world.The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.After the unification of China,the first Emperor of Qing linked up different sections of the walls to prevent the invasion of the enemies.The present preserved Great Wall of China is the major parts built in the 14th century,called Ming Great Wall.With a long history of more than 2000 years,the Great Wall of China was listed as World Heritage by UNESCO in 1987.Until now,the Great Wall is still one of the most popular attractions in the world.10.故宮

The Imperial Palace

故宮又名紫禁城，位于北京市中心，占地面積72萬平方米。它擁有眾多的庭院，四面有高墻和護城河保護。明清兩代的皇帝和他們的家眷以及數(shù)百名宮女，太監(jiān)曾在這里居住。紫禁城于明朝1420年建成，普通百姓不能進入。在924年清朝末代皇帝被逐出故宮后，故宮與1925年變成了故宮博物院并對外開放。

Standing/Lying in the center of Beijing,the Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City,covers an area of 72000 square meters.It consists of dozens of courtyards and is protected by high walls and amoat on all four sides.The emperors of two dynasties,the Ming and the Qing,lived here with their families and hundreds of court ladies and palace eunuchs.The Forbidden City was completed in 1420 during the Ming Dynasty,which was been open tothe public after the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty was driven out of the Palace in 1924.

第三篇：四六級翻譯練習之歷史文化篇

四六級翻譯練習之歷史文化篇

翻譯能力是在練習的過程中不斷累積與發(fā)展起來的。在平時的練習中鍛煉翻譯能力并了解更多領域的學科知識不失為一種學習的樂趣與豐富知識的渠道。下面讓我們一起小試手腳吧~

茶馬古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)兩邊，生活著20多個少數(shù)民族。不同的地方有著各自美麗而神奇的自然風景和傳統(tǒng)文化，比 如：大理，麗江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila)，雅魯藏布江大峽谷和布達拉宮(Potala Palace)。古道的兩旁有廟宇、巖石壁畫、騷站(post house)、古橋和木板路，還有少數(shù)民族舞蹈和民族服裝。時至今天，雖然這條古道的蹤跡都消失了，但它的文化和歷史價值仍然存在。

參考譯文：Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minorities.Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace.The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads.It is also home to many national

minorities with their dances and folk customs.Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.原文來自 必克英語

第四篇：2014年12月四六級翻譯預測練習

2014年12月四六級翻譯預測練習：假日經(jīng)濟

2013年的翻譯，我給學生準備的材料中，直接命中了絲綢之路、茶文化、和四大發(fā)明三篇；

2014年6月的翻譯，我準備的材料中再次命中核能的翻譯話題；

2014年12月，考過了文化、教育、能源、霧霾、大媽之后，經(jīng)濟類的翻譯該準備一下了。假日經(jīng)濟：

假日經(jīng)濟的現(xiàn)象表明：中國消費者的消費觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，中國消費者的消費需求正在從基本生活必需品轉向?qū)π蓍e、舒適和個人發(fā)展的需求。同時，中國人的消費觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日經(jīng)濟中正變得成熟。因此產(chǎn)品結構應做相應調(diào)整，來適應社會的發(fā)展。另一方面，服務質(zhì)量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質(zhì)量的要求。(149詞)

逐句翻譯答案：

假日經(jīng)濟的現(xiàn)象表明：中國消費者的消費觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’sconsumption concept is undertaking great changes.根據(jù)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，中國消費者的消費需求正在從基本生活必需品轉向?qū)π蓍e、舒適和個人發(fā)展的需求。

According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers areshifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personaldevelopment.同時，中國人的消費觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日經(jīng)濟中正變得成熟。

Meanwhile, with the prosperity of holiday economy, the Chinesepeople’s concept of consumption becomes mature.因此產(chǎn)品結構應做相應調(diào)整，來適應社會的發(fā)展。

Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordinglyto adapt to social development.另一方面，服務質(zhì)量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質(zhì)量的要求。

On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy people’sdemand for an improved quality of life.2014年12月英語四級翻譯7大基本技巧 目前階段，大學英語四級翻譯引起了越來越多的學生關注，那么在考前如何快速的突破四級翻譯呢?老師總結了翻譯的七大技巧，希望能在四六級考試最后的沖刺階段，助考生一臂之力。下面我們具體分析漢譯英的七大基本技巧：

一、增詞

在段落翻譯時，為了能充分的表達原文含義，以求達意，翻譯時有必要增加詞語來使英文的表達更加順暢。例如：虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后。

譯文為： Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.其中間加上了增連詞whereas，以使英語的句子表達更加有邏輯性。

二、減詞

考生要明白，英語的表達傾向簡潔，漢語比較喜歡重復，重復作為漢語的一種修辭手法，在某種場合下，重復的表達一個意思，是為了強調(diào)，加強語氣。漢語中為了有更強的節(jié)奏感和押韻，也經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)排比句。考生在翻譯這些句子時，為了符合英文表達的邏輯，就要有所刪減或省略。例如：這是革命的春天，這是人民的春天，這是科學的春天!讓我們張開雙臂，熱烈擁抱這個春天吧!

譯文為：Let us stretch out our arms to embrace the spring, which is one of the revolution, of the people, and of science.以上的漢語是比較重復的排比句，漢譯英時考生要遵守英語的邏輯表達，加上定語從句來翻譯，這樣英文句子讀起來也朗朗上口。

三、詞類轉換

英語語言的一個很重要的特點，就是詞類變形和詞性轉換，尤其是名詞、動詞、形容詞之間的轉換。例如：她的書給我們的印象很深。

譯文為：Her book impressed us deeply.在此翻譯中漢語中的名詞印象轉化成英語中的動詞impress。

(1)(herdsmen)的生活方式很有特色。牧民們喜歡吃牛羊肉和奶制品

(dairyproduct)，喜歡喝紅茶和磚茶(bricktea)。他們大多住在圓形的蒙古包(ger)里。蒙古包頂上開有天窗，用來通風(ventilation)和采光。蒙古族是一個能騎善射、能歌善舞的民族。每年七、八月舉行的“那達慕”大會(Nadama Fair)，是蒙古族人民一年一度的盛大節(jié)日，大會上有賽馬、摔跤、射箭(archery)比賽和精彩的歌舞表演。

參考答案：

The Mongolian herdsmen's life style hasdistinguishing features.The herdsmen like eating redmeat and dairy products，and drinking black tea andbrick tea.Most of them live in circular gers withwindows on the top, used for ventilation andlighting.The Mongolians are a group talented in riding and shooting，and singing and dancing.The Nadama Fair, which is held in July and August every year，is the Mongolian people's annualgrand festival.There would be horse racing，wrestling，archery race and excellent musical anddance performances on the festival.(2)2014年12月英語四級新題型翻譯沖刺練習(2)

景泰藍(Jingtailan)藝術是雕刻、繪畫和塑瓷(porcelainmaking)的獨特融合。據(jù)說景泰藍于元朝時誕生于北京，現(xiàn)存最古老的景泰藍就造于元朝。但是景泰藍在明朝時經(jīng)歷了巨大的變革。那時，人們認為景泰藍最為復雜。然而，由于熔銅技術(copper-melting techniques)的偉大發(fā)明，景泰藍于清朝時達到頂峰。用景泰藍能夠制成大件物品，如花瓶、其他器皿和裝飾品，也能制成小物品，如耳環(huán)、手鐲或筷子。新中國成立以來，涌現(xiàn)出了很多新品種的景泰藍，在國內(nèi)外享有很高的聲譽。

參考答案：

The art of Jingtailan is a unique combination of sculpture, painting and porcelain making.It is said to have originated in Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty.The oldest extant piece was made during the Yuan Dynasty, but Jingtailan had a major change during the Ming Dynasty.At that time, Jingtailan was considered to be the most complicated.However, it reachcd its peak during the Qing Dynasty because of great innovations in copper-melting techniques.Jingtailan can be made into large objects such as vases and other large utensils and decorative items, as well as small items like earrings, bracelets or chopsticks.Since new China was founded, quite a number of new varieties have been created.It enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad.2014年12月英語四級新題型翻譯沖刺練習(3)

茶文化是中國傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分，有著悠久的歷史。一代代的種植者和生產(chǎn)者使中國制茶工藝變得日臻完善。茶和中國文化有著極其緊密的聯(lián)系。茶研究涉及的范圍很廣，有著豐富的內(nèi)容。中國茶可以分為五類。每一種都有不同于其他種類的味道和外觀。綠茶是辦公室職員的最佳選擇，它有助于防止電腦輻射(computer radiation)，補充人體水分(moisture content)。

參考答案：

With a long history, tea culture is an important partof Chinese traditional culture.Generations ofgrowers and producers have perfected the Chineseway of manufacturing tea.Tea has an extremelyclose relationship with Chinese culture.The study oftea covers a wide field and has a very rich content.Chinese tea can be classified into fivecategories.Each kind is different from others in flavor and appearance.Green tea is the bestoption for office workers since it can help prevent computer radiation and supplementmoisture content of the human body.宴會通常在飯店的包間(private rooms)舉行，要么是晚宴，要么是午宴。主賓(the guest of honor)通常第一個進入房間。在正式的晚宴上，主陪(the main host)和主賓對面坐，主陪背對著門，主賓面對著門。客人應該等著被引導到他們的位置上，直到主賓和主陪都坐下之后，客人才可以坐下。宴會的主菜通常包括涼菜和熱炒，通常還有象征富足蘊意的整條魚，還有湯。上水果則標志著飯局的結束。

參考答案：

Banquets are usually held in restaurants in privaterooms，either for dinner or lunch.The guest ofhonor typically enters the room first.At a formaldinner the main host and guest are seated facingeach other，the host with his back to the door andthe guest facing the door.Guests should wait to be guided to their places and should not situntil the main host and guest have done so.Banquets usually have main course which includescold dishes, hot stir fries, often with a whole cooked fish which symbolizes abundance, andsoup.Serving fruit signals the end of the meal.中國通過了第一部物權法，下令對北京的幾百座四合院進行保護。然而，批評家們指出，所謂“保存”常常只是拆掉老房子，然后依照傳統(tǒng)樣式蓋一座新的來代替。馬巖松曾經(jīng)說過：“現(xiàn)在的做法就是在假造古董，這不好。胡同吸引了很多旅游者，但這里貧困的老住戶要么就像主題公園里的演員，要么就被踢出去，以便富人們可以購買這些房子。老北京的精神正在消亡。”

重點詞匯：

物權法 property law

四合院 courtyard

拆掉 knock down

代替 replace

假古董 fake antique

胡同 hutong

主題公園 theme park

踢出去 kick out

消亡 die away

參考答案：

China has passed the first property law, ordering to protect Beijing’s hundreds of courtyards.But critics say, so-called “conservation” just means knocking down an old building and replacing it with a structure in a traditional style.For this,Ma Yansong’s opinion is “The way is just to build fake antiques, it is not nice.These hutongs attract many tourists.The poor,old residents are either like actors in a theme park or they are kicked out so that the rich can buy these houses.The spirits of oldBeijing are now dying away.”

中文熱詞通常反映社會變化和文化，有些在外國媒體上愈來愈流行。例如，土豪和大媽都是老詞，但已獲取了新的意義。

土豪以前指欺壓佃戶和仆人的鄉(xiāng)村地主，現(xiàn)在用于指花錢如流水或喜歡炫耀財富的人，也就是說，土豪有錢，但是沒有品位。大媽是對中年婦女的稱呼，但是現(xiàn)在特指不久前金價大跌時大量購買黃金的中國婦女。

土豪和大媽可能會被收入新版的牛津(OXford)英語詞典，至今約有120中文加進了牛津英語詞典，成了英語語言的一部分。

重點詞匯：

通常usually

反應reflect

媒體media

愈來愈increasingly

獲取acquire

指的是 refer to

炫耀 show off

沒有品位have no taste

收入include into

加進add to

成...的一部分becoming a part of...參考答案：

The Chinese hot words usually reflect the social and cultural change, some of them are increasingly popular with the foreign media.For instance, although the Tuhao and Dama are old words, they have acquired new meaning.Tuhao(local tyrants)referred to the village landlords who oppressed the peasants and servants in the old days, but now it is used to refer to the rich who spends money like water or likes to show off.That is to say, the local tyrants have wealth but no taste.Dama(aunt)is a calling to middle-aged women, but now it especially refers to the Chinese women who buy large amount of gold when gold tumbled recently.These two words are likely to be include in the new OXford English Dictionary.Until now, about 120 Chinese word have added in the OXford English Dictionary, becoming a part of the English language.對于世界上很多國家來說，中國正迅速成為他們最重要的雙邊(bilateral)貿(mào)易伙伴。然而，中國和世界其他國家之間貿(mào)易不平衡的 問題已經(jīng)引發(fā)了關注。尤其是美國對中國的貿(mào)易赤字是最大的，達 到了 3150億美元，這個數(shù)字是十年前的三倍還多。貿(mào)易糾紛(trade dispute)也越來越多，主要是關于傾銷(dumping)、知識產(chǎn)權和人民 幣的估價。

【參考譯文】

For many countries around the world, China is rapidly becoming their most important bilateral trade partner.However，there have been concerns over large trade imbalances between China and the rest of the world.The US in particular has the largest trade deficit in the world with China at $315 billion, more than three times what it was a decade ago.There have also been a growing number of trade disputes brought against, mainly for dumping, intellectual property and the valuation of the yuan.

第五篇：四六級中國文化翻譯

1.長城是人類創(chuàng)造的世界奇跡之一。如果你到了中國卻沒去過長城，就像到了巴黎沒有去看埃菲爾鐵塔，或者就像到了埃及沒有去看金字塔一樣。人們常說：“不到長城非好漢。”實際上，長城最初只是一些斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的城墻，直到秦朝統(tǒng)一中國后才將其連城長城。然而，今天我們看到的長城——東起山海關，西至嘉峪關——大部分都是在明代修建的。

The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world that was created by human beings.If you come to China without climbing the Great Wall, it's just like going to Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower;or going to Egypt without paying a visit to the Pyramids.As it is often quoted by people, “He who doest not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” In fact, it began as independent walls for different states when it was first built, and did not become the “Great Wall” until the Qin Dynasty.However, the wall we see today, starting from Shanhaiguan Pass in the east to Jiayuguan Pass in the west, was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty.2.要了解中國文化，就應該對中國的戲曲文化有所了解。中國地方戲種類很多，其中京劇是一個具有代表性的劇種。作為一個獨立的劇種，京劇的誕生大約是在1840年至I860年。京劇是在吸收其他地方戲營養(yǎng)的基礎上形成的。京劇有明確的角色分工。在念白上用北京方言；在音樂上以胡琴為主要伴奏樂器。由于京劇是在融合各種地方戲之精華的基礎上形成的，所以它不僅為北京的觀眾所鐘愛，也受到全國人民的喜愛。

To understand the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the Chinese opera culture.In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one.As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was approximately born between 1840 and 1860.Peking opera originated from absorbing the essentials of other local operas.In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles.The spoken parts are in Beijing dialect;and huqin is the main accompaniment instrument.Since Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country.難點精析：

1.要了解中國文化，就應該對中國的戲曲文化有所了解：該句沒有給出明確的主語，因而在翻譯時要注意：增譯主語you。“中國的戲曲文化”可譯為the Chinese opera culture。

2.中國地方戲種類很多，其中京劇是一個具有代表性的劇種：該句在翻譯時可以采用非限定性定語從句結構。該句可譯為：In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one.注意此處為了避免在前后分句中重復使用名詞opera而在后半句中使用了名詞性替代詞 one。3.京劇是在吸收其他地方戲營養(yǎng)的基礎上形成的：“在??的基礎上形成”如果直接譯為be formed on the I basis of...會稍顯生硬，因而可以靈活譯為originate from...。“地方戲”可以直譯為local opera。4.念白：“念白”指的是中國戲曲中人物的獨白或者兩者的對話，因而此處在翻譯時可將其靈活譯為the spoken parts。

5.胡琴：這一特有名詞在英文中并沒有直接對應的詞匯或表達，因而可以采用漢語拼音表示。

6.“the cream of…”: …的精華；…的精英