第一篇：大學(xué)黨課考試必背內(nèi)容

1．簡述構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會的基本原則

中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會。按照民主法制、公平正義、誠信友愛、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的總要求和共同建設(shè)、共同享有的原則，以改善民生為重點，解決好人民最關(guān)心、最現(xiàn)實、最直接的利益問題，努力形成全體人民各盡其能、各得其所而又和諧相處的局面。

2．簡述社會主義榮辱觀的基本內(nèi)容

以熱愛祖國為榮 以危害祖國為恥

以服務(wù)人民為榮 以背離人民為恥

以崇尚科學(xué)為榮 以愚昧無知為恥

以辛勤勞動為榮 以好逸惡勞為恥

以團(tuán)結(jié)互助為榮 以損人利己為恥

以誠實守信為榮 以見利忘義為恥

以遵紀(jì)守法為榮 以違法亂紀(jì)為恥

以艱苦奮斗為榮 以驕奢淫逸為恥

3．作為入黨積極分子，怎樣以實際行動爭取入黨？

積極努力，在學(xué)習(xí)和實踐中端正入黨動機(jī)。

（一）端正入黨動機(jī)是爭取入黨的首要問題，只有端正動機(jī)才能激發(fā)正確的入黨行動，而且正確的動機(jī)是正確行動的精神動力。在自己的學(xué)習(xí)和工作中，始終以共產(chǎn)黨員的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嚴(yán)格要求自己，掌握為人民服務(wù)的本領(lǐng)。只有端正了動機(jī)才能經(jīng)受住各種考驗，才能在思想上入黨。能夠始終堅持全心全意為人民服務(wù)的宗旨，堅定共產(chǎn)主義信念，并為之奮斗終身。

（二）樹立正確的入黨動機(jī)。努力學(xué)習(xí)鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想，堅定共產(chǎn)主義的理想信念。堅持黨的全心全意為人民服務(wù)的宗旨，解決好為什么人的問題。豎立正確的世界觀，人生觀，價值觀，正確處理彼此的關(guān)系。

4．中國共產(chǎn)黨社會主義初級階段的基本路線

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和團(tuán)結(jié)全國各族人民，以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，堅持改革開放，堅持四項基本原則，自力更生，艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)，為把我國建設(shè)成為富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家而奮斗。

5．入黨誓詞

預(yù)備黨員必須面向國旗進(jìn)行入黨宣誓。誓詞如下：我志愿加入中國共產(chǎn)黨，擁護(hù)黨的綱

領(lǐng)，遵守黨的章程，履行黨員義務(wù)，執(zhí)行黨的決定，嚴(yán)守黨的紀(jì)律，保守黨的秘密，忠誠為黨，積極工作，為共產(chǎn)主義奮斗終身，隨時準(zhǔn)備為黨和人民犧牲一切，永不叛黨。

6．申請入黨的條件

年滿十八歲的中國工人、農(nóng)民、軍人、知識分子和其他社會階層的先進(jìn)分子，承認(rèn)黨的綱領(lǐng)和章程，愿意參加黨的一個組織并在其中積極工作、執(zhí)行黨的決議和按期交納黨費的，可以申請加入中國共產(chǎn)黨。

7．新形式下對高校學(xué)生申請入黨的時代要求

要認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)貫徹“三個代表”重要思想，堅持學(xué)習(xí)理論和指導(dǎo)實踐相結(jié)合，堅持改造

客觀世界和改造主觀世界相結(jié)合，堅持運用理論和發(fā)展理論相結(jié)合，做到學(xué)以致用、學(xué)用相長，不斷增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)貫徹“三個代表”重要思想的自覺性和堅定性。

要豎立堅定的共產(chǎn)主義理想和中國特色社會主義信念，具有堅定的政治方向和高尚的理想情操，牢固樹立為實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興而奮斗的思想，爭做為黨的事業(yè)奉獻(xiàn)智慧和才華的接班人。

8．黨員的權(quán)利和義務(wù)

義務(wù)：（1）認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)馬，毛，鄧，“三個”，學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，學(xué)習(xí)黨的路線、方針、政

策和決議，學(xué)習(xí)黨的基本知識，學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)、文化、法律和業(yè)務(wù)知識，努力提高為人民服務(wù)的本領(lǐng)。（2）貫徹執(zhí)行黨的基本路線和各項方針政策，帶頭參加改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，帶動群眾為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會進(jìn)步艱苦奮斗，在生產(chǎn)、工作、學(xué)習(xí)和社會生活中起先鋒模范作用。（3）堅持黨和人民的利益高于一切，個人利益服從黨和人民的利益，吃苦在前，享受在后，克己奉公，多做貢獻(xiàn)。（4）自覺遵守黨的紀(jì)律，模范遵守國家的法律法規(guī)，嚴(yán)格保守黨和國家的秘密，執(zhí)行黨的決定，服從組織分配，積極完成黨的任務(wù)。（5）維護(hù)黨的團(tuán)結(jié)和統(tǒng)一，對黨忠誠老實，言行一致，堅決反對一切派別組織和小集團(tuán)活動，反對陽奉陰違的兩面派行為和一切陰謀詭計。（6）切實開展批評和自我批評，勇于揭露和糾正工作中的缺點、錯誤，堅決同消極腐敗斗爭現(xiàn)象做斗爭。（7）密切聯(lián)系群眾，向群眾宣傳黨的主張，維護(hù)群眾的正當(dāng)利益。（8）發(fā)揚(yáng)社會主義新風(fēng)尚，帶頭實踐社會主義榮辱觀，提倡共產(chǎn)主義道德，為了保護(hù)國家和人民的利益，在一切困難和危險的時刻挺身而出，不怕犧牲。

權(quán)利：（1）參加黨的有關(guān)會議，閱讀黨的有關(guān)文件，接受黨的教育和培訓(xùn)。（2）在黨的會議和黨報黨刊上，參加關(guān)于黨的政策問題的討論。（3）對黨的工作提出建議和倡議。

（4）在黨的會議上有根據(jù)地批評黨的任何組織和任何黨員，檢舉揭發(fā)違法亂紀(jì)的事實。

（5）行使表決權(quán)、選舉權(quán)和被選舉權(quán)。（6）在黨組織討論決定對黨員的黨紀(jì)處分或做出鑒定時，有權(quán)參加和進(jìn)行申辯。（7）對黨的決議和政策如有不同意見，在堅決執(zhí)行的前提下，可以聲明保留。（8）向黨的上級組織直至中央提出請求、申訴和控告，并要求有關(guān)組織給以負(fù)責(zé)的答復(fù)。

9．什么情況下被認(rèn)為是自行脫黨？怎樣處理？

黨員如果沒有正當(dāng)理由，連續(xù)六個月不參加黨的組織活動，或者不交納黨費，或不做

黨所分配的工作，就被認(rèn)為是自行脫黨。支部大會應(yīng)當(dāng)決定把這樣的黨員除名，并報上級黨組織批準(zhǔn)。

10．十七大的主題？

高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深

入貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，繼續(xù)解放思想，堅持改革開放，推動科學(xué)發(fā)展，促進(jìn)社會和諧，為奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會新勝利而奮斗。

11．中國特色社會主義理論體系？

包括鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想以及科學(xué)發(fā)展觀等重大戰(zhàn)略思想在內(nèi)的科學(xué)理論體系。

12．科學(xué)發(fā)展觀？

堅持以人為本，樹立全面、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)的發(fā)展觀，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會和人的全面發(fā)展；強(qiáng)調(diào)“按照統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展，區(qū)域發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展，人與自然和諧發(fā)展，統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)發(fā)展與對外開放的要求，推進(jìn)改革和發(fā)展。第一要義是發(fā)展，核心是以人為本，基本要求是全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)，根本方法是統(tǒng)籌兼顧。

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的理論基礎(chǔ)？

科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是對黨的三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體關(guān)于發(fā)展的重要思想的繼承和發(fā)展，是馬克思主義關(guān)于發(fā)展的世界觀和方法論的集中體現(xiàn)。十六大以來，黨中央堅持以鄧和三個為指導(dǎo)，根據(jù)新的發(fā)展要求，集中全黨智慧，提出了以人為本，全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)的科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，是同馬列，毛，鄧，三重要思想既一脈相承又與時俱進(jìn)的科學(xué)理論，是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的重要指導(dǎo)方針，是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義必須堅持和貫徹的重大戰(zhàn)略思想。

13．黨的三大優(yōu)良作風(fēng)？

理論與實際相結(jié)合，與人民群眾緊密聯(lián)系在一起，批評與自我批評。

14．四項基本原則？

堅持社會主義道路，堅持人民民主專政，堅持中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，堅持馬列主義毛澤東思想。

四項基本要求？

堅持黨的基本路線；堅持解放思想，實事求是，與時俱進(jìn)；堅持全心全意為人民服務(wù)；堅持民主集中制。

15．全心全意為人民服務(wù)的時代要求？

在新的歷史時期，我們黨要始終代表中國最廣大人民的根本利益，全心全意為人民服務(wù)，必須做到：（1）我們黨必須始終站在時代潮流的前列，推動中國特色社會主義的發(fā)展。（2）全心全意為人民服務(wù)的宗旨，必須正確理解人民群眾的根本利益，堅持為最大多數(shù)人服務(wù)。（3）必須密切聯(lián)系群眾，始終堅持馬克思主義的立場。（4）必須在實踐中實現(xiàn)為人民服務(wù)的宗旨。（5）必須把發(fā)展做為黨執(zhí)政興國的第一要務(wù)，不斷開創(chuàng)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的新局面。

16．簡述中國共產(chǎn)黨和中國共產(chǎn)主義青年團(tuán)的關(guān)系？

中國共產(chǎn)主義青年團(tuán)是中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的先進(jìn)青年的群眾組織，是廣大青年在實踐中學(xué)習(xí)中國特色社會主義和共產(chǎn)主義的學(xué)校，是黨的助手和后備軍。共青團(tuán)中央委員會受黨中央委員會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。共青團(tuán)的地方各級組織受同級黨的委員會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，同時受共青團(tuán)上級組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。

17．改革開放的目的？

三十周年。是黨在新時代條件下帶領(lǐng)人民進(jìn)行的新的偉大革命，目的（1）就是解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力，實現(xiàn)國家現(xiàn)代化，讓中國人民富裕起來，振興偉大的中華民族。（2）就是要推動我國社會主義制度的自我完善和發(fā)展，賦予社會主義新的生機(jī)和活力，建設(shè)和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義；（3）就是要在引領(lǐng)當(dāng)代中國發(fā)展進(jìn)步中加強(qiáng)和改善黨的建設(shè)，保持和發(fā)展黨的先進(jìn)性，確保黨始終走在時代前列。

18．“三個代表”重要思想的歷史地位和重要作用？

十三界四中全會以來。“三個代表”重要思想是對馬列主義、毛、鄧的繼承和發(fā)展，反映了當(dāng)代世界和中國的發(fā)展變化對黨和國家工作的新要求，是加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)、推進(jìn)我國社會主義自我完善和發(fā)展的強(qiáng)大理論武器，是中國共產(chǎn)黨集體智慧的結(jié)晶，是黨必須長期堅持的理論指導(dǎo)。始終做到“三個代表”，是立國之本，執(zhí)政之基，力量之源。

19．鄧小平理論？

是馬列主義的基本原理同當(dāng)代中國時間和時代特征相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，是毛澤東思想在新的歷史條件下的繼承和發(fā)展，是馬克思主義在中國發(fā)展的新階段，是當(dāng)代中國的馬克思主義，是中國共產(chǎn)黨集體智慧的結(jié)晶，引導(dǎo)著我國社會主義現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)不斷前進(jìn)。中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，是當(dāng)代中國發(fā)展進(jìn)步的旗幟，是全黨全國各族人民團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗的旗幟。

20．黨的性質(zhì)？

中國共產(chǎn)黨是中國工人階級的先鋒隊，是中國人民和中華民族的先鋒隊，是中國特色社會主義的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心，代表中國先進(jìn)生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展要求，代表中國先進(jìn)文化的前進(jìn)方向，代表中國最廣大人民的根本利益。黨的最高理想和最終目標(biāo)是實現(xiàn)共產(chǎn)主義。

21．改革開放以來取得成績和進(jìn)步的原因？

開辟了中國特色社會主義道路，形成了中國特色社會主義理論體系。高舉中國特色社會

偉大旗幟，最根本的就是要堅持這條道路和這個理論體系。

22．中國特色社會主義道路？

就是在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，立足基本國情，以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，堅持四項基本原則，堅持改革開放，解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力，鞏固和完善社會主義制度，建設(shè)社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)、民主法制、先進(jìn)文化、和諧社會，建設(shè)富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家。

23．在十六大基礎(chǔ)上更高的要求？

（1）增強(qiáng)發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性，努力實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展（2）擴(kuò)大社會主義民主，更好保障

人民權(quán)益和社會主義正義（3）加強(qiáng)文化建設(shè)，明顯提高全民族文明素質(zhì)（4）加快發(fā)展社會事業(yè)，全面改善人民生活（5）建設(shè)生態(tài)文明，基本形成節(jié)約能源和保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、增長方式、消費模式。

24．民主集中制

是民主基礎(chǔ)上的集中和集中指導(dǎo)下的民主相結(jié)合的制度。基本原則：服從；選舉產(chǎn)生；黨的最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)關(guān)，是全國人民代表大會和它所產(chǎn)生的中央委員會；上下級組織；黨的各級委員會實行集體領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和個人分工負(fù)責(zé)相結(jié)合的制度，都要按照集體領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、民主集中、個別醞釀、會議決定的原則；禁止個人崇拜。

25．三個有利于？

發(fā)展社會主義社會的生產(chǎn)力，增強(qiáng)社會主義國家的綜合國力，提高人民生活水平

1．解放思想是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的一大法寶。

改革開放是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的強(qiáng)大動力。

科學(xué)發(fā)展、社會和諧是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的基本要求。

2．以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心是興國之要，是我們黨和國家興旺發(fā)達(dá)和長治久安的根本要求。四項基本原則是立國之本，是我們黨和國家生存發(fā)展的政治基石。

改革開放是強(qiáng)國之路，是我們黨和國家發(fā)展進(jìn)步的活力源泉。

全面建設(shè)小康社會是黨和國家到2020年的奮斗目標(biāo)。

3．新時期最鮮明的特點是改革開放；最顯著的成就是快速發(fā)展；最突出的標(biāo)志是與十俱進(jìn)。

4．行動指南：馬列主義，毛澤東思想，鄧小平理論，“三個代表”重要思想

5．三大歷史任務(wù)：實現(xiàn)推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，完成祖國統(tǒng)一，維護(hù)世界和平與促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展。

6．我國社會的主要矛盾，人民日益增長的物質(zhì)文化需求同落后的社會生產(chǎn)之間的矛盾。

7．發(fā)展是我們黨執(zhí)政興國的第一要務(wù)。

8．民主政治。人民代表大會制度，中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度，民族區(qū)域

自治制度以及基層群眾自制制度。

9．和平共處五項原則，互相尊重主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，互不侵犯，互不干涉內(nèi)政，平等互利。

10．黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)主要是政治，思想，組織的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。

11．中國共產(chǎn)黨是中國工人階級的有共產(chǎn)主義覺悟的先鋒戰(zhàn)士。

12．發(fā)展黨員，必須經(jīng)過黨的支部，堅持個別吸收的原則。

13．申請入黨的人，必須填寫入黨志愿書，兩名正式黨員，經(jīng)過支部大會和上級黨組織批準(zhǔn)，經(jīng)過預(yù)備期的考察。

14．在特殊情況下，黨的中央和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市委員會可以直接接收黨員。

15．預(yù)備黨員的預(yù)備期為一年。沒有表決權(quán)，選舉權(quán)和被選舉權(quán)。延長的預(yù)備期不能夠超過

一年，都應(yīng)經(jīng)過支部大會討論和上級黨組織批準(zhǔn)。預(yù)備黨員的預(yù)備期，從支部大會通過他為預(yù)備黨員之日算起。黨員的黨齡，從預(yù)備期滿轉(zhuǎn)為正式黨員之日算起。

16．在黨的地方各級代表大會和基層代表大會閉會期間，上級黨的組織認(rèn)為有必要時，可以

調(diào)動或者指派下級黨組織的負(fù)責(zé)人。

17．黨的全國代表大會每五年舉行一次，由中央委員會召集。認(rèn)為有必要，三分之一。黨的中央委員會每屆任期五年。中央委員會全體會議由中央政治局召開，每年至少舉行一次。黨的基層委員會每屆任期三年到五年，總支部委員會、支部委員會每屆任期兩年或三年。

18．在全國代表大會閉會期間，中央委員會執(zhí)行全國代表大會的決議，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)黨的全部工作。

19．凡是有正式黨員三人以上的，都應(yīng)當(dāng)成立黨的基層組織。

20．黨的紀(jì)律是黨的各級組織和全體黨員必須遵守的行為規(guī)則，是維護(hù)黨的團(tuán)結(jié)統(tǒng)一，完成黨的任務(wù)的保證。本著懲前毖后，治病救人的精神。黨的紀(jì)律處分有五種：警告，嚴(yán)重警告，撤消黨內(nèi)職務(wù)，留黨察看，開除黨籍。留黨察看不超過兩年，沒有表決前，選舉前和被選舉權(quán)。對黨員的紀(jì)律處分，必須經(jīng)過支部大會討論決定，報黨的基層委員會批準(zhǔn)。在特殊情況下，縣級和縣級以上各級黨的委員會和紀(jì)律檢查委員會有權(quán)直接決定給黨員以紀(jì)律處分。

21．團(tuán)的縣級和縣級以下各級委員會書記，企業(yè)事業(yè)單位的團(tuán)委員會書記，是黨員的，可以

列席同級黨的委員會和常務(wù)委員會的會議。

22．黨徽，鐮刀和錘頭

黨旗為旗面綴有金黃色黨徽圖案的紅旗。

中國共產(chǎn)黨的黨徽黨旗是中國共產(chǎn)黨的象征和標(biāo)志。

第二篇：語文必背內(nèi)容

詠雪

謝太傅寒雪日內(nèi)集，與兒女講論文藝。俄而雪驟，公欣然曰：“白雪紛紛何所似？”兄子胡兒曰:“撒鹽空中差可擬。”兄女曰：“未若柳絮因風(fēng)起。”公大笑樂。即公大兄無奕之女，左將軍王凝之妻也。陳太丘與友期行

陳太丘與友期行，期日中，過中不至，太丘舍去，走后乃至。元方時年七歲，門外戲。客問元方：“尊君在不？”答曰：“待君久不至，已去。”友人便怒：“非人哉！與人期行，相委而去。”元方曰：“君與家君期日中，日中不至，則是無信；對子罵父，則是無禮。”友人慚，下車引之，元方入門不顧。子曰：“學(xué)而時習(xí)之，不亦說乎?有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來，不亦樂乎？人不知而不慍，不亦君子乎？”《學(xué)而》 曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身：為人謀而不忠乎？與朋友交而不信乎？傳不習(xí)乎？”《學(xué)而》 子曰：“吾十有五而志于學(xué)，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而順耳，七十而從心所欲，不逾矩。”《為政》 子曰：“溫故而知新，可以為師矣。”《為政》 子曰：“學(xué)而不思則罔，思而不學(xué)則怠。”《為政》 子曰：“賢哉，回也！一簞食，一瓢水，在陋巷，人不堪其憂，回也不改其樂。賢哉，回也！”《雍也》 子曰：“知之者不如好之者，好之者不如樂之者。《雍也》 子曰：“飯疏食飲水，曲肱而枕之，樂亦在其中矣。不義而富貴，于我如浮云。”《述而》 子曰：“三人行，必有我?guī)熝伞６鴱闹洳簧普叨闹！薄妒龆?子在川上曰：“逝者如斯夫，不舍晝夜。”《子罕》 子曰：“三軍可奪帥也，匹夫不可奪志也。”《子罕》 子夏曰：“博學(xué)而篤志，切問而近思，仁在其中矣。”《子張》 觀滄海

曹操

東臨碣石，以觀滄海。水何澹澹，山島竦峙。樹木叢生，百草豐茂。秋風(fēng)蕭瑟，洪波涌起。日月之行，若出其中；星漢燦爛，若出其里。幸甚至哉，歌以詠志。次北固山下

王灣

客路青山外，行舟綠水前。潮平兩岸闊，風(fēng)正一帆懸。海日生殘夜，江春入舊年。鄉(xiāng)書何處達(dá)？歸雁洛陽邊。錢塘湖春行

白居易

孤山寺北賈亭西，水面初平云腳低。幾處早鶯爭暖樹，誰家新燕啄春泥。亂花漸欲迷人眼，淺草才能沒馬蹄。最愛湖東行不足，綠楊陰里白沙堤。天凈沙·秋思

馬致遠(yuǎn)

枯藤老樹昏鴉，小橋流水人家，古道西風(fēng)瘦馬。夕陽西下，斷腸人在天涯。河中石獸

紀(jì)昀

滄州南一寺臨河干，山門圮于河，二石獸并沉焉。閱十余歲，僧募金重修，求石獸于水中，竟不可得。以為順流下矣，棹數(shù)小船，曳鐵鈀，尋十余里，無跡。一講學(xué)家設(shè)帳寺中，文質(zhì)笑曰：“爾輩不能究物理，是非木杮，豈能為報賬攜之去？乃石性堅重，沙性松浮，湮于沙上漸沉漸深耳。沿河求之，不亦顛乎？”眾服為確論。一老河兵聞之，又笑曰：“凡河中失石，當(dāng)求之于上流。蓋石性堅重，沙性松浮，水不能沖石，其反激之力，必于石下嚙沙為坎穴，漸激漸深，至石之半，石必擲于穴中。若是再嚙，石又再轉(zhuǎn)。轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)不已，遂反溯流逆上矣。求之下流，固顛；求之地中，不更顛乎？”如其言，果得于數(shù)里之外。然則天下事，但知其一，不知其二者多矣，可據(jù)理臆斷歟？ 智子疑鄰

宋有富人，天雨墻壞。其子曰：“不筑，必將有盜。”其鄰人之父亦云。暮而果大亡其財，其家甚智其子，而疑鄰人之父。塞翁失馬

近塞上之人有善術(shù)者，馬無故亡而入胡。人皆吊之，其父曰：“此何遽不為福乎？”居數(shù)月，其馬將胡駿馬歸。人皆賀之，其父曰：“此何不能為禍乎？”家富良馬，其子善騎，墮而折其髀。人皆吊之，其父曰：“此何遽不為福乎？”居一年，胡人大入塞，丁壯者引弦而戰(zhàn)近塞之人，死者十九。此獨以跛之故，父子相保。龜雖壽

曹操

神龜雖壽，猶有竟時。螣蛇乘霧，終為土灰。老驥伏櫪，志在千里。烈士暮年，壯心不已。盈縮之期，不但在天；養(yǎng)怡之福，可得永年。幸甚至哉，歌以詠志。過故人莊

孟浩然

故人具雞黍，邀我至田家，綠樹村邊合，青山郭外斜。開軒面場圃，把酒話桑麻。待到重陽日，還來就菊花。題破山寺后禪院

常健

清晨入古寺，初日照高林。曲徑通幽處，禪房花木深。山光悅鳥性，譚影空人心。萬籟此都寂，但余鐘磬音。

聞王昌齡左遷龍標(biāo)遙有此寄

李白

楊花落盡子規(guī)啼，聞道龍標(biāo)過五溪。我寄愁心與明月，隨風(fēng)直到夜郎西。夜雨寄北

李商隱

君問歸期未有期，巴山夜雨漲秋池。何當(dāng)共剪西窗燭，卻話巴山夜雨時。泊秦淮

杜牧

煙籠寒水月籠沙，夜泊秦淮近酒家。商女不知亡國恨，隔江猶唱后庭花。浣溪沙

晏殊

一曲新詞酒一杯。去年天氣舊亭臺。夕陽西下幾時回？無可奈何花落去，似曾相識燕歸來。小園香徑獨徘徊。

過松源晨炊漆公店

楊萬里

莫言下嶺邊無難，賺得行人空喜歡；正如萬山圈子里，一山放過一山攔。如夢令

李清照

常記溪亭日暮，沉醉不知歸路。興盡晚回舟，誤入藕花深處。爭渡，爭渡，驚起一灘鷗鷺。觀書有感

朱熹

半畝方塘一鑒開，天光云影共徘徊。問渠那得清如許？為有源頭活水來。

第三篇：大學(xué)英語四級考試必背

大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（一）致辭

Directions: Write a speech on the opening of a conference of no less than 120 words.In your speech, you should：

1、進(jìn)行自我介紹

2、詳細(xì)介紹大會內(nèi)容

3、結(jié)束語

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Beijing!To begin with, I would like to make a brief introduction to myself.I am the president of Motorola(China)Electronics Ltd.The following is my introduction to the conference.First, it is my great honor to be here with all of you and declare open the Conference of International Trade Cooperation.Second, on behalf of our company, I would like to express my heartfelt welcome to all the guests and delegates.Last, I believe our cooperative efforts are sure to be productive.I wish all of you enjoy yourselves during this conference and hope the above information will help you.If you have any question for me, please feel free to ask at any time.Thank you for your attention.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（二）求職信/求學(xué)信：

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter applying for a position of a company.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese：

1、申請職位

2、簡要介紹自己的情況

3、期待回信。

Dear Sir or Madam, I am senior from the Department of Business Administration of Beijing University.I am writing the letter in purpose of applying for admission into your esteemed institution/your recently advertised position for a staff member.I am sure that I am qualified for it.First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous academic qualifications and work experience.Second, not only do my qualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, my cheerful personality is well suited to studying in your prestigious university/working as a staff member.Last, my hobbies include sports and music.Words fail me when I try to express my heartfelt gratitude to the help you rendered me.Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（三）邀請信： Directions: You want to invite some friends to a party.Write an invitation letter to them individually：

1、邀請參加晚會

2、說明舉辦晚會的原因

3、將安排哪些活動 Dear Wangcai, I am greatly honored to formally invite you to participate in Mr.Old Fish’s wedding ceremony with Ms.Fujiwora to be held at Beijing Grand Hotel from 8 to 10 p.m.on April 1, 2007.As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to attend the celebration and share our joy.The occasion will start at seven o’clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony.This will be followed by a dinner party.At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strauss.If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1, we look forward to the pleasure of your company.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（四）體育鍛煉

Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Students Should Attend Physical Exercise.1.有些大學(xué)生不喜歡參加體育鍛煉，這種做法是相當(dāng)不可取的 2.大學(xué)生參加體育鍛煉的好處 3.你喜歡參加何種體育鍛煉？

College Students Should Attend Physical Exercise Physical exercise is a necessary part of college life.However, still some college students do not like to attend sports activities, they think those activities waste their time and influence their study.Indeed, it is very unwise for college students to keep distance from physical exercise because physical exercise is not harmful but good to them.College students can benefit a lot from physical exercise.First of all, attending physical sports can help students build a strong body, and keep abounding energy.Moreover, physical exercise is an effective way to relief pressure and keep a pleasant move.Besides, by attending physical activities, students can have chances to contact and communicate with others which can help them improve their social skills.Nowadays, all colleges and universities have provided many sports facilities for students to do physical exercises, students can chose freely according to their interests and needs.As for me, I am keen on all kinds of ball games, especially football and basketball.From these games, I have gained a lot, and enjoined great pleasure.To conclude, physical exercise is beneficial to every college students, and therefore do not hesitate to attend sports activities.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（五）網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲 Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Online Games.You should write at least 120 words，and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below: 1)現(xiàn)在有一些大學(xué)生沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，家長和學(xué)校對此憂心忡忡 2)但有人認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲并不是一無是處 3)你對此的看法是…… Online Games As a product of modern computer and the Internet, online games have become very popular among college students.Many students have enjoyed great pleasure and satisfaction from these games.But as we see, some students lacking self discipline on too much indulge in these games.So that their health and academic performances are affected.This phenomenon has caused much worry from the teachers and parents.However, some others argue that online games are not always harmful.They can train their ability of youngsters to respond to things quickly.Moreover, they can stimulate their imagination and their interest in computer science.More importantly, it does bring college students much pleasure and release their pressure greatly.Form my point of view, online games are wonderful entertainment if you play them in a clever way.When they interfere too much with your study, it is better for you to give them up at once, but if you have enough self control over them, you can certainly obtain real pleasure and benefit a lot from them.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（六）大學(xué)生考證熱

Certificates Craze on Campus In recent years, to get a certificate has become a new craze among college students.Just randomly, ask a student on campus what he or she is busy doing, quite possibly, you may get the answer that he or she is preparing for a certificate of some kind.Why does this craze appear? There are two mainly reasons behind this phenomenon.First, it is the employments pressure that forces college students to get more certificates.With the admission expansion of colleges, a large more graduates have to face the fierce competition in the job markets.How can one make himself more competitive, more certificates at hands maybe.Second, the diplomas and certificates are still important standard by which many employers measure a person’s ability in order to increase qualification for a job, the students compel themselves to run from one exam to another.Form my point of view, we should be more rational when it comes to certificates, since certificates do not necessarily prove one’s ability, being crazy in getting certificates blindly.It is nothing but wasting time.To conclude, we should focus on improving our ability but not getting a certificate of no practical value.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（七）考試： Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Views on Examinations.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、大學(xué)都用考試來衡量學(xué)生的成績

2、考生可能帶來的副作用

3、我對考試的看法

In most colleges and universities the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject.Although it does the job quite efficiently, its side effects are also enormous.To begin with, examinations lower the standards of teaching.Since teachers are often judged by examination results, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques.No subjects can be taught successfully merely through being approached with intent to take examinations.In addition, the most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits.As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.In fact, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development.If that is the case, why cannot we make a change and devise something more efficient and reliable than examinations? 大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（八）讀后感： Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Favorite Novel.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、我最喜愛的小說

2、該小說的內(nèi)容

3、我為什么喜愛

My favorite novel is Around the World in Eighty Days which is written by Jules Verne.The author was born in France and devoted himself to literature and wrote several scientific romances, which gained him the name——Father of Modern Science Fiction.This is a book of science fiction which tells us an exciting story about an English gentleman, Mr.Phileas Fogg, who makes a bet with his clubmates and manages to travel around the world in eighty days.It gives us a vivid description of the many difficulties and incidents which happen on his journey.From this story, we can see the author’s deep love for the sea, travel and adventure, which played a vital role in his life.We are also astonished and convinced by his fertile imagination and scientific and geographical knowledge.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（九）難忘的人：

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The most unforgettable Person I ever Know.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：

1、我生活中最難忘的人是

2、為什么他(或她)令我難以忘懷

3、結(jié)論。

In my life I have met a great many people who are really worth recalling.But perhaps the most unforgettable person I ever know is my English teacher.What frequently brings back memories of my school teacher is his special qualities.First and foremost, he gave us the greatest gift a teacher can offer—an awakening of a passion for learning.He not only led us to an appreciation of the beauty and perfection of English language and literature, but also aroused our great interest in exploring something deeper in this field.Furthermore, I was attracted by his lively wit.I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lecture were humorously delivered, never failing to provoke chuckles or loud laughs.Although it is nearly two years since I attended his last class, he is the talk of our old classmates, and I know part of him has already stayed in my heart.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（十）論述文框架：

Owing to the speedy economic development, the number of people who…h(huán)as considerably increased/declined.It is universally acknowledged that … plays a crucial role in modern society.Due attention has to be paid to the issue of….With the reform and opening-up in recent decades，people in mounting numbers have come to realize the significance of ….If we let this situation continue as it is, we do not know where humans will be in the forthcoming future.Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures.To begin with, we should appeal to the authorities to make strict laws to ….In addition, we should cultivate the awareness of people that … is essential to us.Only in this way can we reverse this disturbing trend illustrated above.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（十一）全民教育

Education For All Nowadays in China, the limit to candidates for college entrance examination is not so strict as before.People of all ages and even married people can take the examination and have a chance of becoming a college student.The new regulation has many advantages.Firstly, it provides more people with chances to receive high education.There are many people who have once lost the chance to enter a college for some reason.Now they can pick up their own dreams of being a college student.Secondly, it will introduce more students with different backgrounds and the abilities for colleges and universities.Finally, it stimulates competition and promotes the candidates to work harder.However, relaxing the limit of age and marriage might bring some problems.For one thing, married students have to take care of the family and children, which brings more difficulties for school management.For another, there might be a gap between the elder students and the other young students.Therefore, more attention should be paid to the enrollment of those people of other age groups and married persons.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（十二）Parental Hopes and Personal Ideals All parents hope their children will have a bright future.However, parents’ expectations for their children are not always in accordance with their children’s personal ideals, and sometimes they are even conflicting with each other.This is often a main cause for quarrels and gaps between parents and children.But what lead to the conflict between parental hopes and personal ideals? The following three factors contribute to the conflict.First of all, in this fast-changing society, parents and children have too many differences in mind.Secondly, traditional patriarchy is still influencing Chinese parents in modern society.They are used to making decisions for their children.Third, nowadays young people have strong independence, who want to plan their own future and control their own destiny.Thus the conflict between parents and children inevitably appear.In order to solve the conflict, both parents and children should pay their efforts.For one thing, parents should give their children rights to make their own decisions.They may help their children make choices instead of replacing them to make choices.For another, children should learn to respect their parents’ advices since parents tend to have more life experience.Besides, to communicate with each other actively is necessary to their understanding each other.As long as both parents and children learn to think from the other side’s point of view, the conflicts between them can be avoided.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（十三）電子郵件使人們保持更親密還是更疏遠(yuǎn)

Does e-mail make people get closer or drift apart? Nowadays, more and more people are exchanging a great variety of imformation by using electronic mails instead of traditional ways of mailing letters.Some people think that e-mail makes relationships among people closer, while some others maintain that makes people drift apart.Those who hold the former opinion insist that the appearence of e-mail makes communication quicker and more convenient.By e-mail people can deliver more information including pictures and sounds.However, some others think e-mail with the same format and printfont includes less emotion, then traditional letters written by hand.Most people use e-mails to deliver information instead of feelings.From my point of view, e-mail does bring great convenience for people, but it is not a better way to express our feelings than traditional letters.Our hand-writing on the paper can deliver much emotion.Therefore, when you want to express your love and care to someone, writing a letter to her or him by hand is a wise choice.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（十四）如何應(yīng)對壓力

How to deal with peer pressure? College students are often obsessed by peer pressure from their classmates or schoolmates.Facing others’ hard work and good performance in academic and other aspects, many students feel great pressure.Then, how to deal with this kind of peer pressure? The following measures can be taken.First, you should take a careful look at your present level and set a practical object.You needn’t always compare yourselves with those on the top and just make your efforts towards your object.Second, under peer pressure, you shouldn’t feel discouraged and pressed.Instead, you should make it your motivation for harder work.Finally, if you find pressure is nearly beyond your control, you’d better turn to professional psychological guidance.As a college student, I have no way to avoid peer pressure, so I try to figure out the way to do with it well.I set my own goal, including my practical level and my position among the peers.Because of my focus on my own goal, I have no time and energy to think about the pressure.So I’m little troubled by it.To conclude, we should not escape from peer pressure, but learn to make best use of it, since it can hardly be avoided.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文

（十五）大學(xué)生是否應(yīng)該做家教

Should college students be tutors? Nowadays there are more and more provided tutors among college students.Some students even take a few tutor jobs at the same time.People have different opinions about this phenomenon.Some people believe college students can benefit a lot from being tutors.On the one hand they can earn some money and lessen the burden on their family.On the other hand they can have chances to apply their knowledge to the solution to the practical problems.However still others object to college students being a tutor.They think that a student should focus on his study instead of doing a part-time job.If they spend too much time on teaching, they will not have enough time to study, and naturally their academic performance will be affected.In the two arguments, I’m in favor of the former one.In my opinion, to be a tutor is a good practical activity for us college students, from which we can gain practical experience and skills.But it is worth noting that we cannot spend too much time in being tutors.We should balance the relationship between the tutor job and study.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文（十六）

社會實踐

Social Practice of College Students Nowadays, many universities encourage and organize students to take part in social practice activities.During the holidays, more and more students choose to be the volunteers, take part-time jobs or take part in other practical activities alike.It is obvious that social practice is playing a more and more important role in Chinese college education.Undoubtedly, college students have benefited a lot from social practice.Above all, there are provided with more opportunities to contact the real world outside the campus.Moreover, in social practice activities, students can apply their knowledge to solution to practical problems.So the social practice skills are improved greatly.Besides, social practice help strengthen students since social responsibility.Considering their above mentions.I think it is necessary for college students to participant in social practice.However, social practice may bring some problems.For example, some students spend too much time in taking part-time jobs so as to ignore their study.Therefore, we should try to balance relationship between social practice and study.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文（十七）

邀請函

An Invitation Letter June 15,2008 Dear Xue Feng, This June 30th I am going to graduate, so I want to hold a party on Saturday evening in my house.It would be pleasant to have you here.So interesting will this party be that you can't afford to miss it.For one thing, we will have a big meal,sing the popular songs and play games.For another, it also provides a good opportunity for you to meet many friends that you haven't seen for a long time.What an important thing it is for me to get your participation.First, you are my best friend and bring home to me many things.Second, we haven't seen each other for quite a long time and I am eager to see you.The party would not be complete without you.The party will begin at seven thirty p.m.Is it possible for us to see you at seven on Saturday evening in my house? I do hope you can come.Sincerely yours, Ma Yuan 大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文（十八）

逃課

Skipping Classes on College Campus In colleges and universities, the phenomenon of students skipping classes is not unusual.There are often some students who skip those classes for feeling unwell or other private reasons.Besides, still some students don’t go to class without any reason but for they don’t want to.There are two main reasons for college students skiping classes.First, compared with in middle school, students have more freedom in college.It depends more on one student’s consciousness whether he will attend the class.So those colleges students lacking self-discipline begin to skip classes.Second, some teachers’ lectures could not attract students’ interests, so that some students would rather skip classes to study what they are interested in.For whatever reasons, skipping classes does bring negative effects on students’ study.Therefore, it is necessary to take some effective measures to reduce this phenomenon.On the one hand, the school and teachers should make students realize the negative effects of skipping classes and enhance their consciousness of attending the class.On the other hand, teachers have to improve their teaching quality to attract students’ interests in the courses.Only in this way can the phenomenon of skipping classes be reduced as soon as possibly.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文（十九）

月光族

1）現(xiàn)在很多年輕人每個月都把自己賺的錢花光，他們被稱為“月光族” 2）有人認(rèn)為這是一種時尚的消費觀念，但很多人反對這樣消費 3）我對此的看法…… The Moonlight Clan Nowadays, more and more people, especially the young are joining in the army of “the moonlight clan”.These people exhaust their earnings every month without any savings.Many people think this is a fashionable life style, while more other people object to this kind of consumption style.Those who support “the moonlight clan” think that those people know how to enjoy life and have a higher life quality.However, more other people criticize “the moonlight clan”.They say that the consumption habit of “the moonlight clan” is unhealthy and sometimes wasteful.In addition, no savings will place “the moonlight clan” in a difficult position in case of unexpected expenses.Weighing these two arguments, I prefer to the latter one.In my eyes, though “the moonlight clan” may acquire temporary satisfaction from their consumption, in the long term, it is unfavorable to their family and career.Just as a proverb says, one should always prepare for a rainy day.大學(xué)英語四級考試必背范文（二十）Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Young People Should Have Ideals.1.人，尤其是年輕人應(yīng)該有理想 2.理想對于一個人的意義 3.我們應(yīng)該如何實現(xiàn)自己的理想 Young People Should Have Ideals What are you going to do when you grow up? When I was a child, people often asked me this question about the ideal.Undoubtedly, every individual, especially a young person, should have an ideal.Hardly can we find any great people we know ideal when they were young.An ideal is a vital importance to one's growth and success.On the one hand, an ideal is the target of one's life.Once you decide what your ideal is, you know where to go, and which way to take.Otherwise, you might become puzzled in many things in your life.On the other hand, an ideal is like the engine of vehicles.Only when we have our own ideals, can we find the origin of energy and enthusiasm in life, and become active and perseverant.Whatever your ideal is, careful plan and preparation is vital to its realization.Of course, the path from where you are to where you want to get is not always smooth and straight.Therefore, an optimistic, positive mind is indispensable in the process of your persevering your ideal.In a word, only if you have an ideal, you will have the chance of realizing it.

第四篇：赫章縣教師師德考試必背內(nèi)容

師德考試精華版

同北京師范大學(xué)師生代表座談時的講話(2014年9月9日)習(xí)近平

第一，做好老師，要有理想信念。第二，做好老師，要有道德情操。第三，做好老師，要有扎實學(xué)識。第四，做好老師，要有仁愛之心。

認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)總書記“九?九”重要講話精神

舉全省之力辦好人民滿意的教育 ——在遵義調(diào)研座談會上的講話 趙克志(2014年9月21日)

第一、把教育作為改變貴州、挖掉窮根的治本之策,切實擺在優(yōu)先發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略地位。第二、努力縮小與全國教育發(fā)展差距,用兩個十年時間基本解決貴州教育問題。第三、堅持在均衡發(fā)展上下功夫,努力滿足人民群眾對接受更好教育的需求。

第四、大力營造尊師重教的良好社會氛圍,加快培養(yǎng)一支師德高尚、業(yè)務(wù)精湛的教師隊伍。第五、深化教育領(lǐng)域綜合改革,著力解決影響教育事業(yè)發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制問題。

三、社會主義核心價值觀的概念內(nèi)涵

富強(qiáng)、民主、文明、和諧，自由、平等、公正、法治，愛國、敬業(yè)、誠信、友善。

富強(qiáng)、民主、文明、和諧是國家層面的價值目標(biāo)，自由、平等、公正、法治是社會層面的價值取向，愛國、敬業(yè)、誠信、友善是公民個人層面的價值準(zhǔn)則，這24個字是社會主義核心價值觀的基本內(nèi)容。

依法治校是指學(xué)校以國家法律、法規(guī)、規(guī)章和文件規(guī)定為依據(jù)，完善 內(nèi)部各項管理制度和紀(jì)律，使學(xué)校管理的各個方面都做到有章可循、有法可依。

《中小學(xué)教師職業(yè)道德規(guī)范（2008年修訂）》

一是愛國守法；二是愛崗敬業(yè)；三是關(guān)愛學(xué)生；四是教書育人；五是為人師表。六是終身學(xué)習(xí)。

貴州教育精神

開放自信，樂于奉獻(xiàn)；攻堅克難，勇于爭先。人一之，我十之，咬定青山不放松，不達(dá)目的不罷休。

貴州教師誓詞

我是一名光榮的人民教師，我莊嚴(yán)宣誓，忠誠黨的教育事業(yè)，貫徹黨的教育方針，履行教師神圣職責(zé)。修身立德，為人師表；追求真理，崇尚科學(xué)；敬業(yè)愛生，教書育人；淡泊名利，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)治學(xué)；傳承文明，勇于創(chuàng)新；終身學(xué)習(xí)，不斷進(jìn)步。為全體學(xué)生美好未來，我愿奉獻(xiàn)全部智慧和力量！

九、貴州教師自律歌

人民教師要牢記，職責(zé)神圣須自律。為人師表言行一，技藝精湛育子弟。勤耕淡泊名與利，學(xué)術(shù)誠信求真諦。

/ 4 有償補(bǔ)課毀聲名，情趣高雅拒惡習(xí)。教師誓詞常記取，桃李天下留美譽(yù)。

十、畢節(jié)地區(qū)中小學(xué)教師“十個不”的承諾

1.不發(fā)表違背黨的路線方針政策和國家法律法規(guī)的言論。

2.不諷刺、侮辱、歧視、體罰或變相體罰學(xué)生及驅(qū)趕學(xué)生出教室和用不文明言行對待學(xué)生家長。

3.不違規(guī)公布學(xué)生成績名次及按成績排座位。

4.不缺課、遲到、早退、無教案和濃妝異服上課。5.不敷衍批改作業(yè)或請學(xué)生代批作業(yè)和試卷。

6.不酒后上課、課堂上吸煙和使用移動通信工具。7.不從事有償家教和未經(jīng)學(xué)校批準(zhǔn)在外兼課。

8.不向?qū)W生及家長推銷教輔資料及商品和向?qū)W生亂收費或以家長委員會名義變相亂收費。9.不向?qū)W生及家長索要或變相索要錢物和借婚喪喜慶事宜斂財。10.不參與黃、賭、毒等有損教師形象的活動。

赫章縣中小學(xué)教師師德師風(fēng)十條標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 1.愛崗敬業(yè)，誠實守信。2.廉潔從教，樂于奉獻(xiàn)。3.因材施教，創(chuàng)新教法。4.關(guān)愛學(xué)生，循循善誘。5.依法執(zhí)教，以身立教。6.嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)治學(xué)，精益求精。7.開拓進(jìn)取，勤奮自強(qiáng)。8.團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作，謙虛謹(jǐn)慎。9.尊重家長，增進(jìn)溝通。10.注重儀表，舉止大方。

中華人民共和國義務(wù)教育法

1986年4月12日第六屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議通過 2006年6月29日第十屆全國

人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會第二十二次會議修訂

中華人民共和國教師法

（1993年10月31日第八屆全國人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會第四次會議通過）《教師法》的立法宗旨是？

答案：為了保障教師的合法權(quán)益，建設(shè)具有良好思想品德修養(yǎng)和業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)的教師隊伍，促進(jìn)社會主義教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展。

加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)師德建設(shè)的任務(wù)是 ①提高教師的思想政治素質(zhì)。②樹立正確的教師職業(yè)理想。③提高教師的職業(yè)道德水平。④著力解決師德建設(shè)中的突出問題 ⑤積極推進(jìn)師德建設(shè)工作改進(jìn)創(chuàng)新。

/ 4 加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)師德建設(shè)的主要措施 ①強(qiáng)化師德教育。②加強(qiáng)師德宣傳。③嚴(yán)格考核管理。④加強(qiáng)制度建設(shè)。

本辦法所稱處分包括警告、記過、降低專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)等級、撤銷專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)或者行政職務(wù)、開除或者解除聘用合同。其中，警告期限為6個月，記過期限為12個月，降低專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)等級、撤銷專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)或者行政職務(wù)期限為24個月。

給予教師處分按照以下權(quán)限決定：

(一)警告和記過處分，公辦學(xué)校教師由所在學(xué)校提出建議，學(xué)校主管教育部門決定。民辦學(xué)校教師由所在學(xué)校決定，報主管教育部門備案。

(二)降低專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)等級、撤銷專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)或者行政職務(wù)處分，由教師所在學(xué)校提出建議，學(xué)校主管教育部門決定并報同級人事部門備案。

(三)開除處分，公辦學(xué)校教師由所在學(xué)校提出建議，學(xué)校主管教育部門決定并報同級人事部門備案；民辦學(xué)校教師或者未納入人事編制管理的教師由所在學(xué)校決定并解除其聘任合同，報主管教育部門備案。

教師有下列行為之一的，視情節(jié)輕重分別給予相應(yīng)處分：

(一)在教育教學(xué)活動中有違背黨和國家方針政策言行的；

(二)在教育教學(xué)活動中遇突發(fā)事件時，不履行保護(hù)學(xué)生人身安全職責(zé)的；

(三)在教育教學(xué)活動和學(xué)生管理、評價中不公平公正對待學(xué)生，產(chǎn)生明顯負(fù)面影響的；

(四)在招生、考試、考核評價、職務(wù)評審、教研科研中弄虛作假、營私舞弊的；

(五)體罰學(xué)生的和以侮辱、歧視等方式變相體罰學(xué)生，造成學(xué)生身心傷害的；

(六)對學(xué)生實施性騷擾或者與學(xué)生發(fā)生不正當(dāng)關(guān)系的；

(七)索要或者違反規(guī)定收受家長、學(xué)生財物的；

(八)組織或者參與針對學(xué)生的經(jīng)營性活動，或者強(qiáng)制學(xué)生訂購教輔資料、報刊等謀取利益的；

(九)組織、要求學(xué)生參加校內(nèi)外有償補(bǔ)課，或者組織、參與校外培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)對學(xué)生有償補(bǔ)課的；

(十)其他嚴(yán)重違反職業(yè)道德的行為應(yīng)當(dāng)給予相應(yīng)處分的。

教師有第四條列舉行為受到處分的，符合《教師資格條例》第十九條規(guī)定的，由縣級以上教育行政部門依法撤銷其教師資格。教師受處分期間暫緩教師資格定期注冊。依據(jù)《中華人民共和國教師法》第十四條規(guī)定喪失教師資格的，不能重新取得教師資格。教師受降低專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)等級處分期間不能申報高一級專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)。教師受撤銷專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)處分期間不能重新申報專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)。

教師被依法判處刑罰的，依據(jù)《事業(yè)單位工作人員處分暫行規(guī)定》給予撤銷專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)或者行政職務(wù)以上處分。教師受到剝奪政治權(quán)利或者故意犯罪受到有期徒刑以上刑事處罰的，喪失教師資格。

中華人民共和國環(huán)境保護(hù)法

（1989年12月26日第七屆全國人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會第十一次會議通過 2014年4月24 3 / 4 日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會第八次會議修訂）目錄

第一章 總 則 第二章 監(jiān)督管理

第三章 保護(hù)和改善環(huán)境

第四章 防治污染和其他公害 第五章 信息公開和公眾參與 第六章 法律責(zé)任 第七章 附 則

第一條 為保護(hù)和改善環(huán)境，防治污染和其他公害，保障公眾健康，推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展，制定本法。

第二條 本法所稱環(huán)境，是指影響人類生存和發(fā)展的各種天然的和經(jīng)過人工改造的自然因素的總體，包括大氣、水、海洋、土地、礦藏、森林、草原、濕地、野生生物、自然遺跡、人文遺跡、自然保護(hù)區(qū)、風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)、城市和鄉(xiāng)村等。

第三條 本法適用于中華人民共和國領(lǐng)域和中華人民共和國管轄的其他海域。第四條 保護(hù)環(huán)境是國家的基本國策。

國家采取有利于節(jié)約和循環(huán)利用資源、保護(hù)和改善環(huán)境、促進(jìn)人與自然和諧的經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)政策和措施，使經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)相協(xié)調(diào)。

第五條 環(huán)境保護(hù)堅持保護(hù)優(yōu)先、預(yù)防為主、綜合治理、公眾參與、損害擔(dān)責(zé)的原則。

第十二條 每年6月5日為環(huán)境日

第六十四條 因污染環(huán)境和破壞生態(tài)造成損害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)依照《中華人民共和國侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》的有關(guān)規(guī)定承擔(dān)侵權(quán)責(zé)任。

教師性侵女學(xué)生案件的原因及基本特點有哪些？ 答案要點：

1、受害人以低齡女童為多，這說明低齡女童沒有性保護(hù)能力。

2、受害者以農(nóng)村或偏遠(yuǎn)學(xué)校的寄宿制學(xué)生為多，農(nóng)村和偏遠(yuǎn)學(xué)校缺乏有效保護(hù)學(xué)生安全的條件。

3、受害者以留守女童為多，留守女童更容易受到侵害而不易被人發(fā)覺。

4、有的性侵案件持續(xù)時間長，受害學(xué)生人數(shù)多，后果嚴(yán)重。

5、犯罪手段多樣，既有猥褻也有強(qiáng)奸，多以誘騙性侵為主。

6、充分利用老師的淫威，致使學(xué)生不敢告發(fā)老師的犯罪。

7、犯罪時間、空間公開化。

8、家長監(jiān)護(hù)不到位，不能及時發(fā)覺孩子被侵害。

9、校方、官方試圖控制輿論影響，并有意弱化案件影響

10、學(xué)生受害后果無法得到保護(hù)和有效救助

1、現(xiàn)在是網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代，讓更多人明白網(wǎng)絡(luò)言論雖然自由，但發(fā)布虛假信息觸犯法律底線，將要承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任。

2、向政府相關(guān)部門反映情況，提出建議、意見或投訴請求，應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格依照《信訪條例》的規(guī)定，采取合理、合法的方式。政府部門對上訪群眾的合理訴求依法予以保護(hù)并盡快解決，對違法上訪的行為將依法嚴(yán)肅處理。

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第五篇：黨課必背-個人總結(jié)

熱愛祖國、危害祖國； 服務(wù)人民、背離人民；崇尚科學(xué)、愚昧無知； 辛勤勞動、好逸惡勞； 團(tuán)結(jié)互助、損人利己； 誠實守信、見利忘義；遵紀(jì)守法、違法亂紀(jì)； 艱苦奮斗、驕奢淫逸。黨章規(guī)定：“年滿18歲的中國工人、農(nóng)民、軍人、知識分子和其他階層的先進(jìn)分子，承認(rèn)黨的綱領(lǐng)和章程，愿意參加黨的一個組織并在其中積極工作，執(zhí)行黨的決議和按期交納黨費的，可以申請加入中國共產(chǎn)黨。”

①認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想，學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，學(xué)習(xí)黨的路線、方針、政策及決議，學(xué)習(xí)黨的基本知識，學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)、文化、法律和業(yè)務(wù)知識，努力提高為人民服務(wù)的本領(lǐng)。②貫徹執(zhí)行黨的基本路線和各項方針、政策，帶頭參加改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，帶動群眾為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會進(jìn)步艱苦奮斗，在生產(chǎn)、工作、學(xué)習(xí)和社會生活中起先鋒模范作用。③堅持黨和人民的利益高于一切，個人利益服從黨和人民的利益，吃苦在前，享受在后，克己奉公，多做貢獻(xiàn)。

④自覺遵守黨的紀(jì)律，模范遵守國家的法律法規(guī)，嚴(yán)格保守黨和國家的秘密，執(zhí)行黨的決定，服從組織分配，積極完成黨的任務(wù)。⑤維護(hù)黨的團(tuán)結(jié)和統(tǒng)一，對黨忠誠老實，言行一致，堅決反對一切派別組織和小集團(tuán)活動，反對陽奉陰違的兩面派行為和一切陰謀詭計。⑥切實開展批評和自我批評，勇于揭露和糾正工作中的缺點、錯誤，堅決同消極腐敗現(xiàn)象作斗爭。⑦密切聯(lián)系群眾，向群眾宣傳黨的主張，遇事同群眾商量，及時向黨反映群眾的意見和要求，維護(hù)群眾的正當(dāng)利益。⑧發(fā)揚(yáng)社會主義新風(fēng)尚，提倡共產(chǎn)主義道德，為了保護(hù)國家和人民的利益，在一切困難和危險的時刻挺身而出，英勇斗爭，不怕犧牲。

①黨的性質(zhì)決定著黨是具有先進(jìn)性的政黨；②黨員是黨的肌體和細(xì)胞，只有黨員具有先進(jìn)性才有黨的先進(jìn)性；③黨員的先進(jìn)性是提高黨的執(zhí)政能力的基礎(chǔ)和保證；④黨員的先進(jìn)性關(guān)系到民心向著還是背離黨的重要因素。

①不斷學(xué)習(xí)政治理論，提高政治理論水平，堅定共產(chǎn)主義信念②努力學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)文化知識，爭取優(yōu)異成績，提高為人民服務(wù)的本領(lǐng)③遵章守紀(jì)，規(guī)范行為，做好表率④關(guān)心和幫助他人，樂于奉獻(xiàn)。

第一、社會主義生產(chǎn)力高度發(fā)展，物質(zhì)財富極大豐富。第二、社會成員共同占有全部生產(chǎn)資料。第三、實行各盡所能，按需分配的原則。第四、徹底消滅了階級差別和重大社會差別。第五、全體社會成員具有高度的共產(chǎn)主義覺悟和道德品質(zhì)。第六、國家消亡。

(1)要求入黨的人，必須向黨組織提出申請。入黨申請一般以書面形式遞交。(2)黨組織對要求入黨的積極分子進(jìn)行一年以上的培養(yǎng)教育和考察。(3)對發(fā)展對象進(jìn)行短期集中培訓(xùn)。(4)要有兩名正式黨員做入黨介紹人。(5)嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真地填寫《中國共產(chǎn)黨入黨志愿書》。(6)支部委員會進(jìn)行審查，并征求黨內(nèi)外群眾的意見。(7)召開支部大會討論，并且做出決議，及時報上級黨組織審批。(8)上級黨組織要派專人同發(fā)展對象談話，認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)地進(jìn)行考察。(9)上級黨組織集體審批。(10)發(fā)展對象被批準(zhǔn)為預(yù)備黨員后，舉行入黨宣誓儀式。(11)預(yù)備黨員預(yù)備期滿后，向黨組織提出書面轉(zhuǎn)正申請，經(jīng)支部大會討論通過，報上級黨組織審批合格者轉(zhuǎn)為正式黨員。

第一，要有為共產(chǎn)主義和中國特色社會主義奮斗終身的堅定信念。第二，要有全心全意為人民服務(wù)的思想。第三，要有在生產(chǎn)、工作、學(xué)習(xí)和社會生活中起先鋒模范作用的覺悟。