第一篇：一個美麗的錯誤閱讀理解題目及答案

一個美麗的錯誤

題目:

1、第3自然段畫橫線句“學生故意犯了一個錯誤”，從文中看，毛毛為什么會犯這樣的“錯誤”？這個“錯誤”究竟美在哪里？（用自己的話回答，4分）

2、一個美麗的“錯誤”在文中第一個故事中已交代清楚，闡釋全面，可作者又引入了第二個有關作文的故事。這兩則故事有什么內在聯系？作者這樣安排的用意是什么？（4分）

3、仔細閱讀文中的兩則故事，想一想故事中的小主人有著哪些相同的品質特點？（2分）

4、聯系全文看，本文標題“一個美麗的錯誤”有什么含義和作用？（4分）

5、本文故事中兩個學生的想法、做法引人深思，可圈可點。假如你是這兩個學生的同學，面對這種情況，將會作出怎樣的評判？請任選其一，寫一段能體現自己獨到思考和見解的點評性文字。（3分）

6、孝敬父母，是做兒女的本分。你是否也曾有過如文中毛毛所犯的美麗“錯誤”？若有，請選擇一次，簡述經過及當時感受。或請你策劃一次近期孝敬父母（老人）的行動打算，并說出決定那樣做的理由。（4分）

參考答案：

1、（1）因為毛毛熱愛爸爸，為表達自己減輕爸爸勞累辛苦程度和生活重壓的真誠愿望，他雖然知道如何正確解答卻故意將題答錯毛毛通過故意錯答試題的方式，表達了對辛苦勞作的父親的同情、憐惜和希望減輕父親勞苦的純真想法；（2）體現出了天真孩童的拳拳愛父之情。

2、聯系：兩則故事都涉及到熱愛和孝敬親人的內容，都體現了“感恩”這一共同的主題，因此二者之間聯系密切。

用意：豐富了文章的表達內容；更能引發讀者反思自己的行為，激發自己的愛與感恩之心；通過故事中兩位老師截然不同的做法比較，啟發教育者深刻反思自己的教育教學行為，學會捕捉和感受兒童細膩的情感，珍惜兒童所保有的“真、善、美”。

3、純真、善良、孝順，懂得感恩，富有愛心。

4、含義：錯誤是真實的，做法是樸素而美好的，通過這個“錯誤”所折射出的孩童毛毛內心的真純與愛心是美好的。

作用：體現反常思維，使文章題目顯得新穎獨特，更能引起讀者閱讀與探究的興趣；行文線索。

5、視點評見解的獨到、深刻與表達的通順程度酌情賦分。

6、視敘述的通順程度和情感表現力酌情賦分，思想不健康不得分。

原文:

一個美麗的錯誤

上一個論壇，讀到網友發的一個帖子，感動莫名。

那帖子的大概內容是：一次數學考試，毛毛有一道題做錯了，老師在旁邊扣了1分。還有一道連線題，左邊豎列的是“一車土”“一塊磚”“一張紙”，右邊豎列的是“1噸”“2公斤”“3克”。毛毛在“一塊磚”和“3克”之間連了道線。為了培養學生的綜合能力，試卷上要求學生寫一段話，這段話是不計分的。毛毛的那段話里有這樣的句子：“我爸爸是個挑磚工。我希望所有的磚頭不要太重，每塊磚只有3克就好了。我爸爸太累了。我爸爸太辛苦了。我愛我的爸爸！”老師用紅筆在旁邊加了1分，還寫了一段話：“愛心加1分。你得了滿分——愛心滿分。祝賀你！”

愛心滿分！這句話，深深打動了我。用什么詞語來形容這個毛毛呢？天真，孝順，聯想豐富??一個多么可愛的孩子啊！他用一種特殊的方式表達了對父親的憐惜與摯愛。那么，又用什么詞語來形容那位老師呢？耐心，智慧，善解人意??一個多么可敬的老師，是她從孩子的眼睛里看到了天堂，是她為孩子的愛心增添了光明的亮度。學生故意犯了一個美麗的錯誤，老師也跟著存心“錯誤”了下去，一道連線對接起來的，也許是兩顆同樣纖細質樸的善良的心??

我不禁想起了一個讓我鼻子發酸的故事：一個小學四年級的語文老師，讓學生以“我的理想”為題寫一篇作文。有一個學生是這樣寫的：“阿爹還沒走（當地人稱人死為“走”）的時候就告訴我要好好學習天天向上，長大做個科學家；阿媽卻要我長大后做個公安，說這樣啥都不怕。我不想當科學家，也不想當公安。我的理想是當一只狗，天天夜里守在家門口。因為阿媽膽小，怕鬼。我也怕。聽阿媽說，狗不怕鬼，所以我要做一只狗，這樣阿媽和我就都不怕了??”作文剛好一頁，字歪歪斜斜的。那一頁，老師沒有給分，只是打了個大大的紅叉。

接著，我將自己想成了這個“怪”孩子的老師。當我看到這篇作文，會不會感動呢？說實在的，此時此刻，我真的也想像毛毛的老師那樣犯一個美麗的錯誤，在這篇作文上畫一個紅紅的勾，傾心聆聽一次孤兒寡母的愛與哀愁，輕輕地撫摸一下失去父親的孩子的創痕，拓寬一個孤寂孩童愛的出口。

《圣經》里說：“你們如果不回轉，變成小孩子的樣子，就一定不得進天國。”

帕斯卡爾說：“智慧把我們帶回到童年。”

孟子說：“大人先生者不失赤子之心。”

而我想說的是，我愛那個在艱難的生活夾縫中仍懂得感恩的孩子，我愛那個在無邪的心靈前深深凝視的老師，我喜歡那個美麗的錯誤??

（選自《小品?美文》）

第二篇：英語六級閱讀理解經典題目及答案

According to the latest research in the' United States of America, men and women talk such different languages that it is like people from two different cultures trying to communicate.Professor Deborah Tannen of Georgetown University, has noticed the difference in the style of boy's and girl's conversations from an early age.She says that little girls' conversation is less definite than boys' and expresses more doubts.Little boys use conversation to establish status with their listeners.These differences continue into adult life, she says.In public conversations, men talk most and interrupt other speakers more.In private conversations, men and women speak in equal amounts—although they say things in a different style.Professor Tannen believes that, for woman, private talking is a way to establish and test intimacy.For men, private talking is a way to explore the power structure of a relationship.Teaching is one job where the differences between men's and women's ways of talking show.When a man teaches a woman, says Professor Tannen, he wants to show that he has more knowledge, and hence more power in conversation.When a woman teaches another woman, however, she is more likely to take a sharing approach and to encourage her student to join in.But Professor Tannen does not believe that women are naturally more helpful.She says women feel they achieve power by being able to help others.Although the research suggests men talk and interrupt people more than women, Professor Tannen says, women actually encourage this to happen because they believe it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship.Some scientists who are studying speech think that the brain is pre?programmed for language.As we are usually taught to speak by women, it seems likely that the brain must have a sexual bias(傾向性)in its programming,otherwise male speech patterns would not arise at all.1.In the opinion of the writer, women encourage men to talk because

A.it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship

B.it will help to establish status with their listeners

C.it will help to express more clearly

D.it will help to communicate better

2.There are_______in little girls' conversation than in boys'.A.fewer doubts B.more demands

C.more doubts D.fewer uncertainties

3.Some scientists believe that brain is pre-programmed for language.The word “pre programmed” means_______.A.programmed already B.programmed before one is born

C.programmed early D.programmed by women

4.In private conversation, women speak

A.the same things as men B.less than men

C.more than men D.as much as men

5.The theme of this article is _______.A.women are naturally more helpful

B.men and women talk different languages

C.men talk most and interrupt other speakers more

D.little girls' conversation is less definite

In the last two hundred years there have been great changes in the method of production of goods.This is now also true of the building industry;for mechanization has been introduced.System building can save both time and money.The principle of system building is that the building is made from a set of standard units.These are either made at the building-site or at a factory.Some designers, in fact, are standardizing the dimensions of rooms.They are made in multiples of a single fixed length, usually ten centimeters.This is called a modular(標準件的)system, and it means that manufactures can produce standardized fittings at a lower cost.The most important fact about system building is its speed.A ten-storey flat, for example, can be completed in four months.There are several new methods of system building.One is the panel method.In this case, the construction company sometimes erects a factory on the site.The walls and floors of the building, called panels, are cast in a horizontal or vertical position.Conduits for electrical wires and sleeves for pipes are cast in the panels when they are being made.The moulds for making these castings are situated all around the building.After the concrete panels are cast, they are allowed to set and harden for a week.Next they are lifted by a tower crane on to any section of the building.There the panels are cemented together at their joints and the floor covering is laid.After the panels have been cemented together, the crane lifts a case into the area.It contains all the fittings to be installed, such as wash-basins, radiators and pipes.Finishing tradesmen, such as plumbers, plasterers, painters and electricians, follow behind to complete the work.In some building developments, in some countries, whole flats with internal features like their bathrooms, bedrooms and connecting stairs, and weighing as much as twenty tons, are carried to the building-site ready-made.A giant overhead crane is used to lift them into position.In the future, this method may become more widespread.1.The main difference between panel method and the method discussed in the last paragraph is_______.A.the latter uses ready-made internal features

B.panels are cast in a level position

C.the former is used to build walls and floors while the latter to construct bathrooms or bedrooms

D.the former is more expensive than the latter

2.Which of these statements is TRUE of system building?

A.It employs more men.B.It is difficult and dangerous.C.It can save both time and money.D.It means less mechanization.3.According to the passage, the principle of system building is that_______.A.construction methods are safer

B.buildings are made from a set of standardized units

C.similar buildings can be produced

D.all units are produced on the site

4.The usual fixed length in the modular system is_______.A.twenty centimeters B.ten millimeters

C.fifty centimeters D.ten centimeters

5.What lifts the concrete panels onto the building?

A.Cranes.B.Man-power.C.Pulleys.D.Hydraulic jacks.1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.A

The “standard of living” of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services which the country produces.A country's standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth.“Wealth” in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services” such as transport and entertainment.A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another.Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country's natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on.Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate;other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them.The U.S.A is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied.The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy.Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use.China is perhaps as well off as the U.S.A.in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was.unable to develop her resources.Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered.Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country's people.Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled.Wealth also produces wealth.As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day.1.A country's wealth depends upon______.,A.its standard of living

B.its money

C.its ability to provide goods and services

D.its ability to provide transport and entertainment

2.The word “foremost” means______.A.most importantly B.firstly

C.largely D.for the most part

3.The main idea of the second paragraph is that______.A.a country's wealth depends on many factors

B.the U.S.A.is one of the wealthiest countries in the world

C.the Sahara Desert is a very poor region

D.natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country

4.The third paragraph mentions some of the advantages which one country may have over another in making use of its resources.How many such advantages are mentioned in this paragraph?

A.2B.3

C.4D.5

5.The second sentence.in Paragraph 3 is______.A.the main idea of the paragraph B.an example supporting the main idea of the paragraph C.the conclusion of the paragraph D.not related to the paragraph

The productivity of Americans employed in private businesses has declined.The productivity of workers in countries such as Japan and Germany is increasing.American machine tools, on average, are old, relatively inefficient, and rapidly becoming obsolete, whereas those of our competitors overseas, in comparison, are newer and more efficient.We are no longer the most productive workers in the world.We are no longer the leaders in industrial innovation(革新).We are an immensely

wealthy nation of educated men and women who seem to have lost sight of the fact that everything—from the simplest necessities to the finest luxuries—must be produced through our own collective hard work.We have come to expect automatic increases in our collective standard of living, but we seem to have forgotten that these increases are possible only when our productivity continues to grow.One thing that must change is the rate at which we substitute capital equipment for human labor.Simply put, our labor force has increased at a far greater rate than has our stock of capital investment.We seem to have forgotten that our past productivity gains, to a large extent, were realized from substitutions of capital for human labor.Today, 3 times as many robots are listed as capital assets by Japanese firms as by United States firms.There is no doubt that robots will become a common sight in American factories.Representing a new generation of technology, robots will replace factory labor much as the farm tractor replaced the horse.Robot technology has much to offer.It offers higher levels of productivity and quality at lower costs;in promises to free men and women from the dull, repetitious toil of the factory, it is likely to have an impact on society comparable to that made by the growth of computer technology.1.The word “obsolete”(Para.1)most probably means_______.A.weak B.old

C.new D.out of date

2.The author is anxious about_______.A.his people no longer taking the lead in industrial innovation

B.his country no longer being a wealthy nation

C.his people forgetting to raise their productivity

D.his country falling behind other industrial nations

3.According to the author, in his country_______..A.the proportion of labor force to capital investment is quite low

B.the growth rate of labor force should be greater than that of capital investment

C.the productivity increases should be achieved by the increases of labor force

D.capital investment should have increased more rapidly than labor force

4.So far as the influence on society is concerned, _______.A.robot technology seems to be much more promising than computer technology

B.computer technology has less to offer than robot technology

C.robot technology can be compared with computer technology

D.robot technology cannot be compared with computer technology

5.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to show that_______.A.robots will help increase labor productivity B.robots will rule American factories C.robots are cheaper than human laborers

D.robots will finally replace humans in factories

1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.B1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A

第三篇：一個美麗的錯誤（共）

（二）一個美麗的錯誤(16分)

上一個論壇，讀到網友發的一個帖子，感動莫名。

那帖子的大概內容是：一次數學考試，毛毛有一道題做錯了，老師在旁邊扣了1分。還有一道連線題，左邊豎列的是“一車土”“一塊磚”“一張紙”，右邊豎列的是“1噸”“2公斤”“3克”。毛毛在“一塊磚”和“3克”之間連了道線。為了培養學生的綜合能力，試卷上要求學生寫一段話，這段話是不計分的。毛毛的那段話里有這樣的句子：“我爸爸是個挑磚工。我希望所有的磚頭不要太重，每塊磚只有3克就好了。我爸爸太累了。我爸爸太辛苦了。我愛我的爸爸！”老師用紅筆在旁邊加了1分，還寫了一段話：“愛心加1分。你得了滿分——愛心滿分。祝賀你！”

愛心滿分！這句話，深深打動了我。用什么詞語來形容這個毛毛呢？天真，孝順，聯想豐富??一個多么可愛的孩子啊！他用一種特殊的方式表達了對父親的憐惜與摯愛。那么，又用什么詞語來形容那位老師呢？耐心，智慧，善解人意??一個多么可敬的老師，是她從孩子的眼睛里看到了天堂，是她為孩子的愛心增添了光明的亮度。學生故意犯了一個美麗的錯誤，老師也跟著存心“錯誤”了下去，一道連線對接起來的，也許是兩顆同樣纖細質樸的善良的心??

我不禁想起了一個讓我鼻子發酸的故事：一個小學四年級的語文老師，讓學生以“我的理想”為題寫一篇作文。有一個學生是這樣寫的：“阿爹還沒走（當地人稱人死為“走”）的時候就告訴我要好好學習天天向上，長大做個科學家；阿媽卻要我長大后做個公安，說這樣啥都不怕。我不想當科學家，也不想當公安。我的理想是當一只狗，天天夜里守在家門口。因為阿媽膽小，怕鬼。我也怕。聽阿媽說，狗不怕鬼，所以我要做一只狗，這樣阿媽和我就都不怕了??”作文剛好一頁，字歪歪斜斜的。那一頁，老師沒有給分，只是打了個大大的紅叉。

接著，我將自己想成了這個“怪”孩子的老師。當我看到這篇作文，會不會感動呢？說實在的，此時此刻，我真的也想像毛毛的老師那樣犯一個美麗的錯誤，在這篇作文上畫一個紅紅的勾，傾心聆聽一次孤兒寡母的愛與哀愁，輕輕地撫摸一下失去父親的孩子的創痕，拓寬一個孤寂孩童愛的出口。

《圣經》里說：“你們如果不回轉，變成小孩子的樣子，就一定不得進天國。”

帕斯卡爾說：“智慧把我們帶回到童年。”

孟子說：“大人先生者不失赤子之心。”

而我想說的是，我愛那個在艱難的生活夾縫中仍懂得感恩的孩子，我愛那個在無邪的心靈前深深凝視的老師，我喜歡那個美麗的錯誤??（選自《小品?美文》）

15．第3自然段畫橫線句“學生故意犯了一個錯誤”，從文中看，毛毛為什么會犯這樣的“錯誤”？這個“錯誤”究竟美在哪里？（用自己的話回答，2分）

_____________________________________________________________________ 16．一個美麗的“錯誤”在文中第一個故事中已交代清楚，闡釋全面，可作者又引入了第二個有關作文的故事。這兩則故事有什么內在聯系？作者這樣安排的用意是什么？（4分）_____________________________________________________________________

17．仔細閱讀文中的兩則故事，想一想故事中的小主人有著哪些相同的品質特點？（2分）_____________________________________________________________________ 18．聯系全文看，本文標題“一個美麗的錯誤”有什么含義和作用？（2分）_____________________________________________________________________ 19．本文故事中兩個學生的想法、做法引人深思，可圈可點。假如你是這兩個學生的同學，面對這種情況，將會作出怎樣的評判？請任選其一，寫一段能體現自己獨到思考和見解的點評性文字。（3分）_____________________________________________________________________ 20．孝敬父母，是做兒女的本分。你是否也曾有過如文中毛毛所犯的美麗“錯誤”？若有，請選擇一次，簡述經過及當時感受。或請你策劃一次近期孝敬父母（老人）的行動打算，并說出決定那樣做的理由。（3分）_____________________________________________________________________

閱讀答案：

15、因為毛毛熱愛爸爸，為表達自己減輕爸爸勞累辛苦程度和生活重壓的真誠愿望，他雖然知道如何正確解答卻故意將題答錯毛毛通過故意錯答試題的方式，表達了對辛苦勞作的父親的同情、憐惜和希望減輕父親勞苦的純真想法；體現出了天真孩童的拳拳愛父之情。

16、兩則故事都涉及到熱愛和孝敬親人的內容，都體現了“感恩”這一共同的主題，因此二者之間聯系密切。用意：豐富了文章的表達內容；更能引發讀者反思自己的行為，激發自己的愛與感恩之心；通過故事中兩位老師截然不同的做法比較，啟發教育者深刻反思自己的教育教學行為，學會捕捉和感受兒童細膩的情感，珍惜兒童所保有的“真、善、美”。

17、純真、善良、孝順，懂得感恩，富有愛心。

18、含義：錯誤是真實的，做法是樸素而美好的，通過這個“錯誤”所折射出的孩童毛毛內心的真純與愛心是美好的。作用：體現反常思維，使文章題目顯得新穎獨特，更能引起讀者閱讀與探究的興趣；行文線索。

19、視點評見解的獨到、深刻與表達的通順程度酌情賦分。

20、視敘述的通順程度和情感表現力酌情賦分，思想不健康不得分。

作文，以“ 也美麗”為題寫一篇文章。（50分）

要求：

（1）在橫線上填上一個或短語詞語，使標題完整；（2）除詩歌外，文體不限；（3）不少于600字

第四篇：美麗錯誤

錯誤是課堂教學的再生資源

“失敗是成功之母”就是說錯誤是正確的先導，錯誤是通向成功的階梯。在學習過程中，學生犯錯誤的過程有時也是一種嘗試和創新的過程。我們把學生學習中所犯的錯誤，可稱為“美麗錯誤”。它是學生最樸實的思想經驗最真實的暴露。所以應該允許、包容、接納學生的錯誤，并耐心地幫助他們糾正錯誤。然而就錯誤產生過程而言，不過是學生在數學學習過程中所做的某種嘗試，基于某種片面認識所做出的認定，其中包含著有價值的思維方法，因此錯誤是一種教學資源。簡便計算教學中，教師要充分利用錯誤資源，啟迪學生的智慧，拓展學生的思維，從中突破教學難點。

學生的每一個錯誤并不是無中生有的，每一個錯誤都意味著學生在對知識或概念的認識上有了偏差或是受了限制。學生在計算中出現的錯誤在小學數學學習過程中是普遍存在的，因其產生的錯誤并不是“仔細”就能解決的，其中學生個人的內在因素和老師教學的外在因素都能催生這種錯誤的存在。因此我們要正確面對學生的錯誤，走進學生內心看待問題的根源，分析和研究錯誤的心理成因，尋找合理而有效的方法去克服。

第五篇：《魯濱孫漂流記》閱讀理解題目加答案

《魯濱孫漂流記》練習

（一）九月三十日這一天，是我上島的紀念日。像去年一樣，我嚴肅虔誠地度過了這一天。我來到這島上已兩年了，但與兩年前剛上島時一樣，毫無獲救的希望??

直到現在，我才充分意識到，我現在的生活比過去幸福得多。盡管我目前處境不幸，但我過去過的卻是一種罪惡的、可憎的、令人詛咒的生活。我現在完全改變了對憂愁和歡樂的看法，我的愿望也大不相同，我的愛好和興趣也變了。與初來島上相比，甚至與過去兩年相比，我獲得了一種前所未有的歡樂。

過去，當我到各處打獵，或勘查島上環境時，一想到自己的處境，我的靈魂就會痛苦不堪；想到自己被困在這些樹林、山谷和沙灘中間，被困在沒有人煙的荒野里，我覺得自己就像是個囚犯，那茫茫的大海就是我牢獄的鐵柵欄，并且永無出獄之日。一想到這些，我總是憂心如焚。即使在我心境最寧靜的時候，這種念頭也會像暴風雨一樣突然向我襲來，使我扭扯雙手，像小孩一樣號啕痛哭。有時在勞動中，這種念頭也會突然襲來。我就會立刻坐下來，長吁短嘆，兩眼死盯著地面，一兩個小時一動也不動，這就更令人痛苦了。因為，假如我能哭出來，或用語言發泄出來，苦惱就會過去；悲哀發泄出來后，心情也會好一些。

1、本段選自_______國著名作家_________的作品 《________________》，小說中的“我”來自______國，在荒島上度過了_______年。

2、閱讀本段，說說“我”此時的心情和對生活的態度與初到荒島時相比發生了怎樣的變化？由此我們可以獲得怎樣的人生啟示？

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

下一個問題是我需要一個石臼舂糧食。因為我明白，僅憑自己的一雙手，是無法做出石磨的。至于如何做石臼，我也一籌莫展。三百六十行中，我最不懂的就是石匠手藝了，更何況沒有合適的工具。我費了好幾天的功夫，想找一塊大石頭，把中間挖空后做個石臼。可是島上盡是大塊巖石，根本無法挖鑿，而且石質不硬，是一些一碰就碎的沙石，經不住重錘去舂，而且即使能搗碎谷物，也必然會從石臼中舂出許多沙子和在面粉里。因此，當我花了很長時間找不到適當的石料時，就放棄了這個念頭，決定找一大塊硬木頭。這要容易得多。我弄了一塊很大的木頭，大得我勉強能搬得動。然后用大斧小斧把木頭砍圓；當起初具圓形時，就用火在上面燒一個槽。火力和無限的勞力，就像巴西的印第安人做獨木舟那樣終于把臼做成了。又用鐵樹做了一個又大又重的杵。舂谷的工具做好后，我就放起來準備下次收獲后舂谷做面粉，再用面粉做面包。

第二個需要克服的困難是，我得做一個篩子篩面粉，把面粉和秕糠分開。沒有篩子，就無法做面包。做篩子想想也把我難倒了。我沒有任何材料可以用來做篩子，也就是那種有很細很細網眼的薄薄的布可以把面粉篩出來。這使我停工好幾個月，不知怎么辦才好。除了一些破布碎片外，我連一塊亞麻布也沒有。雖然我有山羊毛，但我根本不知道怎樣紡織，即使知道，這里也沒有紡織工具。后來，我忽然想起一個補救辦法，也是當時唯一的辦法，那就是在從船上搬下來的那些水手衣服里，有幾塊棉布和薄紗圍巾。我拿了幾塊出來做成三個小篩子，總算能湊合著用，這樣應付了好幾年。至于后來怎么辦，我下面再敘述。

1、用分別用三個字概括選文中魯濱孫所做的兩件事，并結合作品的其他情節寫出三件以上主人公戰勝困難的事情。（4分）

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2、結合本文段及其它文段中的一些細節描寫，簡要分析主人公的性格特點。（4分）

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

（三）（A）就拿這伙人來說吧，我簡直很難想象他們中間有什么人能死里逃生，也沒有任何理由指望他們全體生還。對他們來說，唯一的希望是被結伴同行的船只搭救。可是這種可能性實在太小了，我看不出任何一點被搭救的跡象。看到這一情景，我心里產生了一種說不出的求伴求友的強烈欲望，有時竟會脫口而出地大聲疾呼："啊！哪怕有一兩個人——就是只有一個人能從船上逃出性命也好啊！那樣他能到我這兒來，與我作伴，我能有人說說話也好啊！我多年來過著孤寂的生活，可從來沒有像今天這樣強烈地渴望與人交往，也從來沒有像今天這樣深切地感到沒有伴侶的痛苦。

（B）在他們和我的城堡之間，有一條小河。這條小河，我在本書的開頭部分曾多次提到過；我把破船上的東西運下來的時候，就是進入小河后搬上岸的。我看得很清楚，那逃跑的野人必須游過小河，否則就一定會被他們在河邊抓祝這時正值漲潮，那逃跑的野人一到河邊，就毫不猶豫縱身跳下河去，只劃了三十來下便游過了河。他一爬上岸，又迅速向前狂奔。后面追他的那三個野人到了河邊。其中只有兩個會游水，另一個卻不會，只好站在河邊，看其他兩個游過河去。

1、A段主要運用了什么描寫方法，寫出了魯濱孫一種什么樣的心理狀況？

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2、B段中“他”指誰？后來，魯濱孫給他取了什么名字？兩個人關系如何？

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3、結合兩段文字，談談魯濱孫為什么會救這個野人？

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

《魯濱孫漂流記》閱讀 參考答案

（一）1、英 笛福 魯濱孫漂流記 英282、由最初的痛苦沮喪到后來的積極樂觀。啟示：當我們面臨困難時，一定要沉著冷靜，勇敢堅毅，樂觀自信，這樣才能戰勝困難，渡過難關。

（二）1、做石臼，做篩子。搭建住所，筑防御工事，做桌子，做傘，做鏟子，制陶器，制面包等。

2、在荒無人煙的海島上，魯濱遜運用自己的智慧，創造性地解決了食物、用具等問題，選段中他做舂糧食的石臼，篩面粉的篩子及他做鏟子，制面包等細節描寫，充分表現了他積極面對困難，豁達樂觀的態度，勤于思考、勇于實踐和非凡的創造能力。

（三）1、心理描寫；非常孤獨與寂寞，渴望有人陪同。

2、野人，魯濱孫與“星期五”是以中國主仆關系；“星期五”對魯濱孫非常忠誠。

3、為了擺脫內心的孤獨與寂寞。