第一篇：英語基本句式小結

英語基本句式小結

英語中的句式有很多種，從英語的句子結構上說，總體可以歸納為五個基本句式。一般地說，某些動詞用在某一特定句式中。那么，哪些動詞常用于哪些句式，我們把這些句型和常用的動詞進行歸類，每一大類都分出詳細的條目，同學們可以在理解記憶各大類的基礎上記憶相關動詞，并繼續歸納總結。

1.S（主）+ Vi（不及物動詞）（謂）

1）S + V + adverbial（狀語）

Birds sing beautifully.2）S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介詞短語）

He went on holiday.3）S + Vi+ Infinitive（不定式）

We stopped to have a rest.4）S + Vi+ Participle（分詞）

I’ll go swimming

2.S（主）+ Vt（及物動詞）（謂）+ O（賓）

1）S + VT + N/Pron

I like music.2）S + VT + infinitive（不定式）

I want to help him.常用于這句型的動詞有：attempt，dare，decide，desire，expect，hope，learn，need，offer，refuse，want，wish等。

3）S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive

I don’t know what to do.常用于這句型的動詞有：ask，consider，decide，discover，explain，find

out，forget，guess，know，learn，observe，remember，see，settle，tell，think，understand，wonder等。

4）S + VT + Gerund

I enjoy living here.常用于這句型的動詞有：admit，advise，avoid，consider，defend，enjoy，excuse，finish，mind，miss，practise，risk，suggest，give up，can't help等。

5）S + VT + That-clause

I don’t think（that）he is right.常用于這句型的動詞有：Admit，believe，declare，demand，deny，doubt，expect，explain，feel（覺得），hear（聽說），hope，imagine，intend，know，mean，mind（當心），notice，request，report，say，see（看出），show，suggest，suppose，think，understand，wish，wonder（覺得奇怪）。

3.S（主）+ V（謂）（lv）（系動詞）+ P（表）

1）S + Lv + N/Pron（名詞/代詞）

He is a boy.2）S + Lv + Adj（形容詞）

She is beautiful.3）S + Lv + Adv（副詞）

Class is over.4）S + Lv + Prep Phrase

He is in good health.5）S + Lv + Participle（分詞）

The film is interesting.除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞：

表感官的動詞，feel，smell，taste，sound，look，appear，seem

等。表轉變變化的動詞，become，get，grow，turn，go，等。表延續的動詞

remain，keep，seem，hold，stay，rest等。表瞬時的動詞

come，fall，set，cut，occur等。其他動詞

eat，lie，prove，ring，run，shine，sit，stand，continue，hang等。

英語的基本句型主要有五種，它們是：

1、主語———動詞———表語

2、主語———動詞

3、主語———動詞———賓語

4、主語———動詞———賓語———賓語

5、主語———動詞———賓語———補語

掌握好這些基本句型，就可以為靈活運用語言打下良好的基礎。下面分別講解這五種句型。

一、主語---動詞----表語

在這一句型中，動詞是系動詞，劃線部分為表語。

1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名詞做表語)

2.Gradualy he became silent.(形容詞做表語)

3.She remained standing for a hour.(現在分詞做表語)

4.The question remained unsolved.(過去分詞做表語)

5.The machine is out of order.(介詞短語做表語)

6.The television was on.(副詞做表語)

7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(動詞不定式做表語)

8.My job is repairing cars.(動名詞做表語)

9.The question is what you want to do.(從句做表語，即：表語從句)

注意：在下面的句子中，形容詞做表語，在表語的后面常常接不定式結構。

I'm happy to meet you.They are willing to help.We are determined to follow his example.二、主語———動詞

在這一句型中，動詞為不及物動詞及不及物的動詞詞組。在有的句子中，不及物動詞可以有狀語修飾。

1.The sun is rising.2.I'll try.3.Did you sleep well？(well做狀語，修飾不及物動詞sleep)

4.The engine broke down.注意：在此句型中，有少數不及物動詞表達被動含義，表達主語本身所具有的特性，不用被動語態。

1.The book sells wel.2.The window won't shut.3.The pen writes smoothly.4.Cheese cuts easily.三、主語———動詞———賓語

在此句型中，動詞為及物動詞，劃線部分為賓語。

1.Do you know these people(them)？(名詞或代詞做賓語)

2.I can't express myself in English.(反身代詞做賓語)

3.He smiled a strange smile.(同源賓語)

4.We can't afford to pay such a price.(不定式做賓語)

5.Would you mind waiting a few minutes？(動名詞做賓語)

6.I hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(從句做賓語，即：賓語從句)

注意：并不是所有的及物動詞都可以接上述各種情況做賓語，不同的動詞有不同的用法，所以，在學習動詞時，一定要掌握其用法。

四、主語———動詞———賓語———賓語

在此句型中，動詞可以稱作雙賓語動詞，在英語中，這樣的動詞并不多，在學習遇時，要牢記。后面的賓語為間接賓語和直接賓語，其中間接賓語在前，一般表人，直接賓語在后，一般表物。這類句型有三種情況。

第一種情況，間接賓語可以改為to引導的短語。

1.He handed me a letter.He handed a letter to me.2.She gave me her telephone number.She gave her telephone number to me.第二種情況，間接賓語可以改為for引導的短語。

3.She sang us a folk song.She sang a folk for us.4.She cooked us a delicious meal.She cooked a delicious meal for us.第三種情況，直接賓語可以由賓語從句充當。

5.Tell him I'm out.6.Can you inform me where Miss Green lives？

五、主語———動詞———賓語———賓語補足語

在此句型中的動詞，叫做可以跟復合賓語的動詞，在英語中，這樣的動詞也不多。后面的賓語補足語是說明賓語的情況的，賓語和賓語補足語一起被稱做復合賓語。這個句式是英語中比較復雜的一個句式，因為復合賓語的構成內容較多。下面句子中劃線部分為賓語補足語。

1.He found his new job boring.(形容詞做賓補)

2.The called their daughter Mary.(名詞做賓補)

3.This placed her in a very difficult position.(介詞短語做賓補)

4.We went to here house but found her out.(副詞做賓補)

5.What do you advise me to do？(不定式做賓補)

6.We thought him to be an honest man.(tobe做賓補)

7.He believed them to have discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式做賓補)

8.He believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的進行式做賓補)

9.Did you notice him come in？(不帶to的不定式做賓補)

10.I saw her chatting with Nancy.(現在分詞做賓補)

11.He watched the piano carried upstairs.(過去分詞做賓補)

注意：在這個結構中，可以出現用it做形式上的賓語，把真正的賓語放在賓語補足語的后面。在此結構中，賓語常常是動詞不定式或賓語從句。

1.He felt it his duty to mention this to her.分析：it是形式賓語，hisduty是賓語補足語，to mention this to her是真正的賓語。

2.I think it best that you should stay with us.分析：it是形式賓語，best是賓語補足語，that you should stay with us是真正的賓語。

注意：

1.習慣用語的使用

在英語中，有很多動詞習慣用語，在學習的過程中，要注意它們的使用，不必分析單獨每個詞的使用。

例：

We are short of money.(be short of中short做表語)

She is always making trouble for her friends.(trouble做make的賓語)

He has carried out our instructions to the letter.(our instructions做詞組carry out的賓語)

We are waiting for the rain to stop.(wait for后面的the rain是賓語，to stop是賓語補足語)

2.在英語中，大多數動詞既可以做及物動詞又可以做不及物動詞，而且還會有一些固定詞組，因此一個動詞可以用于幾種句型。

例：ask

①Did you ask the price？(直接接名詞做賓語)

②She asked them their names.(接雙賓語)

③I asked James to buy some bread.(接賓語加不定式做賓語補足語)

④I asked to speak to Fred.(接不定式做賓語)

⑤Didn't you ask him in？(在此句中和副詞in連用)

⑥He has asked for an interview with the President.(組成固定詞組ask for)

3.There be句型是一種特殊的句子，真正的主語在后面，含義為“有…”

①謂語動詞和主語保持一致：There is a television in the sitting room.②有兩個或更多的主語時，動詞一般和最近的一個保持一致：There are two girls and a boy dancing in the hall.③主語的后面有時有修飾語：There are a lot of difficulties facing us.There were many things to be done(此處也可以使用to do).④謂語動詞be可以有時態的變化:There will be a concert in the park tonight.There was little change in him.⑤謂語也可以有不定式構成的復合謂語。

There used to be a cinema here.There seems to be something the matter with her.Is there going to be any activity tonight？

⑥there be句式變疑問句，把be提前；變翻譯疑問句也要借助there。

Is there any hope of getting the job？

There is nothing wrong with your watch，is there？

⑦there be句型中也可以使用諸如：live，follow，come，stand，sit，exist等不及物動詞：

Once upon a time，there lived a fisherman on the island.There came a knock at the door.At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.⑧用于非謂語的情況下，有時用不定式的復合結構there to be或動名詞的復合結構和獨立主格結構there being：

You wouldn't want there to be another war.(不定式的復合結構)

The teacher was satisfied with there being no mistakes in his homework.(動名詞的復合結構)

There being nothing else to do，we went home.(獨立主格結構)

第二篇：英語基本句式小結

◇英語基本句式小結

英語中的句式有很多種，從英語的句子結構上說，總體可以歸納為五個基本句式。一般地說，某些動詞用在某一特定句式中。那么，哪些動詞常用于哪些句式，我們把這些句型和常用的動詞進行歸類，每一大類都分出詳細的條目，同學們可以在理解記憶各大類的基礎上記憶相關動詞，并繼續歸納總結。

［無賓語］

1.主語+謂語（不及物動詞）

1）主語 + 謂語（不及物動詞）+ 狀語（副詞）Birds sing beautifully.2）主語 + 謂語（不及物動詞）+ 狀語（介詞短語）He went on holiday.3）主語 + 謂語（不及物動詞）+ 補語（不定式短語）We stopped to have a rest.4）主語 + 謂語（不及物動詞）+ 補語（分詞）I’ll go swimming.2.主語+ 謂語（系動詞）+ 表語

1）主語+ 謂語（系動詞）+ 表語（名詞/代詞）He is a boy.2）主語+ 謂語（系動詞）+ 表語（形容詞）She is beautiful.3）主語+ 謂語（系動詞）+ 表語（副詞）Class is over.4）主語+ 謂語（系動詞）+ 表語（介詞短語）He is in good health.5）主語+ 謂語（系動詞）+ 表語（分詞）The film is interesting.除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞： 表感官的動詞，feel，smell，taste，sound，look，appear，seem 等。表轉變變化的動詞，become，get，grow，turn，go，等。表延續的動詞 remain，keep，seem，hold，stay，rest等。表瞬時的動詞 come，fall，set，cut，occur等。其他動詞 eat，lie，prove，ring，run，shine，sit，stand，continue，hang等。

［有賓語］

3.主語+謂語（及物動詞）+賓語

1）主語 + 謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（名詞）I like music.2）主語 + 謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（不定式）I want to help him.常用于這句型的動詞有：attempt，dare，decide，desire，expect，hope，learn，need，offer，refuse，want，wish等。

3）主語 +謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（what + 不定式）I don’t know what to do.常用于這句型的動詞有：ask，consider，decide，discover，explain，find out，forget，guess，know，learn，observe，remember，see，settle，tell，think，understand，wonder等。

4）主語 +謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（分詞）I enjoy living here.常用于這句型的動詞有：admit，advise，avoid，consider，defend，enjoy，excuse，finish，mind，miss，practice，risk，suggest，give up，can't help等。

5）主語 +謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（That從句）I don’t think（that）he is right.常用于這句型的動詞有：Admit，believe，declare，demand，deny，doubt，expect，explain，feel（覺得），hear（聽說），hope，imagine，intend，know，mean，mind（當心），notice，request，report，say，see（看出），show，suggest，suppose，think，understand，wish，wonder（覺得奇怪）。

4.主語+謂語（及物動詞）+賓語 + 賓語

1）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 直接賓語（名詞）+ 間接賓語（名詞）I bought Mary a book.2）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 間接賓語 + 直接賓語（To/for連接的短語）

He sent a book to me.He bought a coat for me.間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動詞有：allow，bring，deny，do（帶來），give，grant，hand，leave，lend，offer，owe，pass，pay，permit，promise，read，refuse，render，restore，sell，send，show，teach，tell wish，write等。

間接賓語前需要加for 的常用動詞有：bring，buy，cash，choose，fetch，get，leave，make，order，paint，play（演奏），save，sing，spare等。

5.主語+謂語（及物動詞）+賓語 + 賓補

1）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（名詞）+ 賓補（名詞）We named our baby Tom.常用于這句型的動詞有：call，choose，elect，find，make，name，nominate（命名）。

2）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（名詞）+ 賓補（形容詞）He painted the wall white.常用于這句型的動詞有：beat，boil，cut，drive，find，get，hold，keep，leave，like，make，paint，see，set，turn，want，wash，wipe，wish等。

3）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（名詞）+ 賓補（介詞短語）

She always keeps everything in good order.4）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（名詞）+ 賓補（不定式）

I wish you to stay.I made him work.常用于這句型的動詞有：

a）不定式帶to的詞：advice，allow，ask，beg，cause，choose，command，decide，encourage，expect，force，get，hate，invite，know，leave，like，love，order，permit，persuade，prefer，remain，request，teach，tell，want，warn，wish等。

b）不定式不帶to的詞：feel，have，hear，know，let，listen to，look at，make，notice，see，watch等。

5）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（名詞）+ 賓補（分詞）

I heard my name called.I feel something moving.常用于這句型的動詞有：catch，feel，find，get，have，hear，imagine，keep，leave，listen to，look at，notice，observe，perceive，see，set，smell，start，watch等。

6）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（名詞）+ 賓補（what/how +不定式）He shows me how to do it.常用于這句型的動詞有：advise，ask，inform，show，teach，tell等。

7）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（名詞）+ 賓補（從句）He told me that the film was great.常用于這句型的動詞有：assure，inform，promise，remind，teach，tell，warm等。

8）主語+謂語（及物動詞）+ 賓語（名詞）+ 賓補（what從句）He asked me what he should do.常用于這句型的動詞有：Advise，ask，inform，show，teach，tell...

第三篇：英語基本句式小結

英語基本句式小結

（一）在一個句子中，動詞是核心，它決定了整個句子的結構。不同的動詞會引起不同的結構，這也就決定了整個句子的基本結構，也可稱為基本句型。從英語的句子結構上說，總體可以歸納為五個基本句型。

一般地說，某些動詞用在某一特定句式中。那么，哪些動詞常用于哪些句式，我們把這些句型和常用的動詞進行歸類，每一大類都分出詳細的條目，同學們可以在理解記憶各大類的基礎上記憶相關動詞，并繼續歸納總結。

1.主語 + 不及物動詞（謂語）

S + Vi ? Birds sing beautifully.1）S + V + adverbial（狀語）? He went on holiday.2）S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介詞短語）? We stopped to have a rest.3）S + Vi+ Infinitive（不定式）? I’ll go swimming

4）S + Vi+ Participle（分詞）

The Sun rises from the east and sets from the west.You go first and I will follow behind.You push I pull.The plane took off and blew up instantly.This material washes easily.This book sells well.2.主語 + 及物動詞（謂語）+ 賓語

S + Vt + O ? I like music.1）S + Vt + N/Pron（名詞、代詞）? I want to help him.2）S + Vt + infinitive（不定式）用于這句型的有大量動詞如：attempt，dare，decide，demand，deserved, desire，expect，hope，learn，need，offer，refuse，try, threaten, want，wish等。

? I don’t know what to do.3）S + Vt + Wh-Word(連接代/副詞)+ Infinitive 常用于這句型的動詞有：ask，consider，decide，discover，explain，find out，forget，guess，know，learn，observe，remember，see，settle，tell，think，understand，wonder等。

? I enjoy living here.4）S + Vt + Gerund（動名詞）

常用于這句型的動詞有：admit，advise，avoid，consider，defend，enjoy，excuse，finish，mind，miss，practise，risk，suggest，give up，can't help等。

? I don’t think（that）he is right.5）S + VT + That-clause（從句）常用于這句型的動詞有：Admit，believe，declare，demand，deny，doubt，expect，explain，feel（覺得），hear（聽說），hope，imagine，intend，know，mean，mind（當心），notice，request，report，say，see（看出），show，suggest，suppose，think，understand，wish，wonder（覺得奇怪）。

I hope that I have said nothing to offend you.He claimed that he had seen the accident.She inisisted that I(should)be present.The teacher suggested that we(should)practise more.I don’t remember what had happened.You can discuss which is the best film.She decribed how all this had happened.Do you know why he did it ? I will find out if he is really interested in English.VT : You have done a good job!The law will soon take effect.VT: Let me introduce myself.Don’t deceive yourself.VI: We will look into the matter.The train came to a stop.3.主語

S ? ? ? ? ?

除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞：

表感官的動詞，feel，smell，taste，sound，look，appear，seem 等。表轉變變化的動詞，become，get，grow，turn，go，等。表延續的動詞 remain，keep，seem，hold，stay，rest等。表瞬時的動詞 come，fall，set，cut，occur等。

其他動詞 eat，lie，prove，ring，run，shine，sit，stand，continue，hang等

She has been ill for over a month.I felt a bit dizzy.The food tastes delicious.He grew/became thinner and thinner.Soon it got dark.The child soon fell asleep.He turned pale at the thought.The cake looks tempting.The tea smells inviting.He looked annoyed.Please remain seated.+ 系動詞LV（謂語）+ 表語（也稱補語）+ V（LV）+ P

He is a boy.1）S + Lv + N/Pron（名詞/代詞）She is beautiful.2）S + Lv + Adj（形容詞）Class is over.3）S + Lv + Adv（副詞）He is in good health.4）S + Lv + Prep Phrase The film is interesting.5）S + Lv + Participle（分詞）It appears a true story.It proved a great success.He sounded a modest man.She seemed an unusually smart girl.My aim is to help everyone enter an ideal university.His advice to them is to speak the truth.Homework is to be taken seriously.Surely she wants to be trusted.Seeing is believing.Her hobby is collecting stamps.My hope is that everyobe will succeed in three years.What surprised me was that you could speak English so well.What matters is who can be put in charge of the work.The point is whether we should recommend him.She is found of English.They were delightd/pleased/ happy with the result.He was eager to succeed.I am inclined to agree with you.4.主 語 + 雙賓動詞（謂語）+ 間接賓語 + 直接賓語

S + VT + O(In)+ O（D）

? I bought Mary a book.1）S + VT + N/Pron + N ? He sent a book to me.2）S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phrase ? He bought a coat for me.? She convinced me that Howard was innocent.間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動詞有：allow，bring，deny，do（帶來），give，grant，hand，leave，lend，offer，owe，pass，pay，permit，promise，read，refuse，render，restore，sell，send，show，teach，tell wish，write等。

間接賓語前需要加for 的常用動詞有：bring，buy，cash，choose，fetch，get，leave，make，order，paint，play（演奏），save，sing，spare等。

She

gave

me

a book.He

left

us

some money.He

ordered

us

a room.She

kissed

her mother

goodbye.I’ve come to keep

you

company

5.主語 + 及物動詞（謂語）+ 賓語 + 賓補

S + VT + O + O C

? We named our baby Tom.1）S + VT + N/Pron + N 常用于這句型的動詞有call，choose，elect，find，make，name，nominate（命名）。

They elected him president.He appointed her the secretary of the GM.I thought it good advice.We must keepthe matter a secret.? He painted the wall white.2）S + VT + N/Pron + Adj 常用于這句型的動詞有：beat，boil，cut，drive，find，get，hold，keep，leave，like，make，paint，see，set，turn，want，wash，wipe，wish等。

Most people considered him guilty/innocent.The police decided to set him free.What made you so angry? The students find it important to take notes in class.I have to make it clear that the students need to make corrections.? She keeps everything in good order.3）S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase We found her in tears.This will bring us all into harmony.They soon got the fire under control.He always considers himself in the right.? I wish you to stay.4）S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive ? I made him work.常用于這句型的動詞有：a）不定式帶to的詞：advice，allow，ask，beg，cause，choose，command，decide，encourage，expect，force，get，hate，invite，know，leave，like，love，order，permit，persuade，prefer，remain，request，teach，tell，want，warn，wish等。b）不定式不帶to的詞：feel，have，hear，know，let，listen to，look at，make，notice，see，watch等。

We encouraged her to try exercising.I strongly recommend you to take a holiday.What made you think so? We won’t have them cheat us.I saw her face go pale.? I heard my name called.5）S + VT + N/Pron + Participle（分詞）? I feel something moving.常用于這句型的動詞有：catch，feel，find，get，have，hear，imagine，keep，leave，listen to，look at，notice，observe，perceive，see，set，smell，start，watch等。

She watched us eating.He noticed the teacher coming in.I found him working in the garden.? He told me that the film was great.6）S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause 常用于這句型的動詞：assure，inform，promise，remind，teach，tell，warm等。

? He shows me how to do it.7）S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive 常用于這句型的動詞有：advise，ask，inform，show，teach，tell等。

? He asked me what he should do.8）S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-Clause

常用于這句型的動詞有：Advise，ask，inform，show，teach，tell

第四篇：大學英語四級寫作基本句式

大學英語四級寫作基本句式 1．表示原因

1）There are three reasons for this．

2）The reasons for this are as follows．

3）The reason for this is obvious．

4）The reason for this is not far to seek．

5）The reason for this is that．．．

6）We have good reason to believe that．．．

例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．

注：如寫第一個句子沒有把握，可將其改寫成兩個句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life．There are three reasons for this．這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達失誤。

2．表示好處

1）It has the following advantages．

2）It does us a lot of good．

3）It benefits us quite a lot．

4）It is beneficial to us．

5）It is of great benefit to us．

例如：Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．

3．表示壞處

1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．

2）It does us much harm．

3）It is harmful to us．

例如：However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．

4．表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能

1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb．to do sth．

2）We think it necessary to do sth．

3）It plays an important role in our life．

例如：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon，computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．

5．表示措施

1）We should take some effective measures．

2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．

3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．

4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．

例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．

6．表示變化

1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．

2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications．

3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．

例如：Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．

7．表示事實、現狀

1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．

2）No one can deny the fact that．．．

3）There is no denying the fact that．．．

4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．

5）However，that’s not the case．

例如：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems，we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．

8．表示比較

1）Compared with A，B．．．

2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．

3）There is a striking contrast between them．

例如：Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．

9．表示數量

1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．

2）The population in this city has now increased（decreased）to 800，000．

3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％compared with that of January．

例如：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．

再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．

10．表示看法

1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．

2）People have different opinions on this problem．

3）People take different views of（on）the question．

4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．

例如：People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．

Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However，others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．

再如：Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．

注：一個段落有時很適宜以問句開始，應掌握這一寫作方法。

11．表示結論

1）In short，it can be said that．．．

2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．

3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that．．．

例如：From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however，its method should be improved．

注：例句1可用于任何一個段落的結論句；例句3則多用文章結論段的第一句。

12．套語

1）It’s well known to us that．．．

2）As is known to us，．．．

3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．

4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that．．．

5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．

例如：As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．

The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower.As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．

再如：Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．

第五篇：五言律詩基本句式

五言律詩基本句式

1、每首八句；

2、第三句和第四句、第五句和第六句必須對仗（或對偶）；

3、平仄必須按照特定的格式安排，一聯內講對，兩聯間講粘；

4、只能押平聲韻，并且押韻有固定的位置，即偶數句押韻（也有首句入韻的）；

5、節奏形式是嚴格的兩個雙音步加一個單音步，并且單音步只能出現在句子的中間或者末尾，不能出現在開頭，兩個相鄰的雙音步的平仄必須相反。

根據以上規則，五言律詩分為平起和仄起兩體，每體又分為正格和偏格二種。[律詩的四聯，各有一個特定的名稱，第一聯叫首聯，第二聯叫頷聯，第三聯叫頸聯，第四聯叫尾聯。頷聯和頸聯必須對仗，首聯和尾聯可對可不對。

第一種格式：首句入韻仄起式

（仄）仄仄平平，平平仄仄平。（平）平平仄仄，（仄）仄仄平平。（仄）仄平平仄，平平仄仄平。（平）平平仄仄，（仄）仄仄平平。第二種格式：首句不入韻仄起式

（仄）仄平平仄，平平仄仄平。（平）平平仄仄，（仄）仄仄平平。（仄）仄平平仄，平平仄仄平。（平）平平仄仄，（仄）仄仄平平。第三種格式：首句入韻平起式

平平仄仄平，（仄）仄仄平平。（仄）仄平平仄，平平仄仄平。（平）平平仄仄，（仄）仄仄平平。（仄）仄平平仄，平平仄仄平。第四種格式：首句不入韻平起式

（平）平平仄仄，（仄）仄仄平平。（仄）仄平平仄，平平仄仄平。

（平）平平仄仄，（仄）仄仄平平。（仄）仄平平仄，平平仄仄平