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九年級仁愛版英語半期考知識總結

時間:2019-05-13 01:26:10下載本文作者:會員上傳
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第一篇:九年級仁愛版英語半期考知識總結

Unit 1

Topic 1 Section A 詞匯短語1..after class 下課2.come back from從…..回來3.feel sorry for sb.對某人感到抱歉

4.have been(to)去過哪里 6.in a disabled children’s home在殘疾兒童之家7.learn sth.from sb.從某人那里學到…… Eg: We learn English from him every day.8.no time to do sth.沒有時間做某事

9.work / clean---for---為----工作/打掃10.the whole holiday整個假期 SectionB詞匯短語1.write an article about 寫一篇有關…..文章

2.have a hard life生活過得艱辛3.In the past 在過去 4.in detail詳細得

5.afford to do sth.有資金上能去做某事

6.no chance to do sth.沒有機會做某事7.What’s more 甚至

8.help support their families 供養他們的家庭 9.the Chinese teenagers’ lives 中國青少年的生活10 has gone(to)已經去了那里+比較:have been(to)已經去過那里11。in the open air 在戶外Section C詞匯短語tell a true story about oneself 告訴一個有關某人自己的真是故事 2.used to do sth.過去經常做某事/ was used to doing sth.習慣做某事

6.be cruel for sb.對某人很殘忍

7.at that time/on that day 在那時/在那天8.feel /be satisfied with 對……感到滿意9.adj./adv.Enough to do sth.足夠…..做某事11.ring roads.環形路12.in recent years 在最近幾年里13.made such rapid progress.取得快速發展14.people’s living conditions 人們生活條件Section D詞匯短語1Thanks to the government’s efforts由于政府的努力 3.the capital of---……的首都

4..the rich culture of china 中國的豐富文化5.as well 也

6.with the help of =with one’s help.在某人的幫助之下Topic2 Section A

一、詞匯短語1.try to do sth盡力做某事/ try doing sth.試著做某事 2.get lost 丟失/迷路3.bad luck 壞運氣

4.on the weekend 在周末5.It seems that---看起來似乎…….6.because of+詞組 因為… 7.our country’s one-child policy.我們國家的獨生子女政策8.be more strict with me.對我更加嚴格9.It’s possible that---……是可能的Section B

一、詞匯短語1.have a geography class 上地理課 2.the population of China.=the China’s population中國人口 Section C

一、詞匯短語1.More than three billion 超過三十億

2.half of the world’s population 全世界一半人口3.one fifth 五分之一4.is known as 以……而文明5.be short of energy and water 缺乏能源和水 6.more crowded 更加擁擠7.fewer places to live in 更少的土地來居住 8.human beings 人類9.be in trouble ….處于麻煩當中 10.in less developed areas 在欠發達地區 11.prefer boys to girls 比起女孩子更加喜歡男孩子Section D

一、詞匯短語:1.have fun in doing sth 做某事很有樂趣2.a couple of hours 兩個小時3.be far away from 遠離哪里 4.even though 即使 5.pay attention to 注意…….Topic 3 Section A 詞匯短語1.homeless people 無家可歸之人2.People in need 在困難時的人 3 decide on 決定4.provide sb.with sth.向某人提供某物5.greenhouse/fireplace/filmmaker/friendship Section B 詞匯短語1.have been in Beijing(地點名詞)已經住在北京 2.excellent restaurants.非常好的餐館 3.come for a visit.過來參觀Section C 詞匯短語1.Be successful in doing sth.成功做某事 2.lend sth to sb./lend sb.Sth.3.a good chance to succeed in doing sth.有一個成功做某事的機會

4.take drugs 吸毒/吃藥 4.two other problems 兩個其他的問題

5.end the war 結束戰爭6.smile on one’s face 某人的臉上充滿微笑Section D 詞匯短語1.Project Hope 希望工程 2.at home and abroad.在國內外2.is used for …被用來做什么

3.has paid for clothes 這件衣服已付款4.With the money 用這個錢

5.In the past sisteen years 在過去的16年當中(用現在完成時)

Unit 2

Topic 1

一、重點詞匯(一)詞形變換1.produce(動詞)——producer(名詞)2.breathe(動詞)—— breath(名詞)3.manage(同義詞)try

4.soil(近義詞)earth 5.waste 浪費(反義詞)save 節約

6.harm 危害(名詞)——(形容詞)harmful7.die 死亡(動詞)——(名詞)death ——(形容詞)dead 8.downstairs 樓下(反義詞)upstairs(副詞)9.pleasant 高興——(反義詞)unpleasant(形容詞)

10.change 改變(動詞)——(形容詞)changeable 重點詞組1.stand /improve / protect the environment 忍受/改善/保護環境 can’t stand doing sth.2.produce terrible gas

產生難聞的氣味 3.manage to do sth.設法做某事4in a good / bad mood

情緒好/差

5.feel uncomfortable

感到不舒適6.pour waste into river

把廢水倒入河里7.something useful

有用的事物8.be harmful to sb./ sth.對某人/某物有害9.the look of our cities 城市面貌10.see fish swimming

看到魚兒游來游去

11.at present 目前12.shout at sb.對某人大喊大叫;斥責某人13.stop making so much noise 停止發出如此大的噪音14.disturb others

打擾別人15.a kind of pollution

一種污染16.be sorry for doing sth.對做了某事感到抱歉 17.from now on

從現在起18.in noisy conditions

在吵雜的條件下 19.become deaf變聾了20.quite a few

相當少 21.no better than 幾乎)與……一樣差22.cause high blood pressure

引發高血壓23.in strong, changeable light

在強烈、易變的光線下

重點句型。1.It is difficult for me to breathe.對我來說很難呼吸。2.-How long have you been like this?你處于這樣的狀態多久了?----I have been like this since last month.自從上個月以來我一直這樣。3.It is a beautiful place with flowers and grass.那是個有花有草美麗的地方。4.All the flowers, grass and fish have gone!所有的花、草和魚兒都沒有了!5.It smells terrible.難聞極了。6.There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river.有幾座工廠正往河里排放污水。7.It’s our duty to protect the environment.保護環境是我們的職責。8.I have been at this school since last year / for one year.自從去年,我在這個學校了。/ 我來到這個學校有一年了。9.Noise is a kind of pollution and it is harmful to our ears.噪音是一種污染,對我們的耳朵有害。

三、重點語言點1.I can’t stand the environment here.我無法容忍這兒的環境。stand 表“容忍;忍受”,后接名詞、代詞及動名詞做賓語。2.stop doing sth.停止做(正在進行的)事stop to do sth.停下來去做(另一件)事如:It’s late.They will stop working and(stop)to have supper.很遲了.他們將停下來吃晚飯。The students stopped talking and to listen to the teacher.學生們停止說話去聽課。3.I’m sorry for making so much noise.很抱歉我弄出這么大的噪音。be sorry for doing sth.表對做過的事感到抱be sorry to do sth.表對當前的事感到抱歉

四、重點語法: 現在完成時中延續性的動作或狀態和由for / since 引導的一段時間狀語搭配使用。

a)“for + 時間段”

與 “since + 時間點”

都表“一段時間”,常用How long 提問。如:---How long have you lived in Changle?---I have lived in Changle for ten years / since ten years ago.b)如句中含有非延續性動詞,則改為相應的延續性動詞或狀態。如:I bought this TV three days ago.= I have had this TV for three days.常見的非延續性動詞轉換成延續性動詞如下:come—be here;go—be there;close—be closed;open—be open;buy—have;borrow —keep;leave—be away;begin—be on;finish—be over;die—be dead etc.Topic

2、重點詞匯

(一)詞形變換1.none(反義詞)all

2.both(反義詞)neither 3.rubbish(同義詞)litter 4.teal(過去式)stole(過去分詞)stolen 5.spit(過去式;過去分詞)spat 6.behave(名詞)behavior 7.prevent(同義詞)stop 8.although(同義詞)though 9.pollute(句詞)pollution 10.completely(形容詞)complete重點詞組1.read this article 看這篇文章 2.here and there = everywhere 到處3.care for = look after = take care of照顧4.give some advice to 提出一些建議給5.set one’s mind tosth.集中精力于;用心于…6.protect nature 保護自然

7.wash away 沖走8.blow away 吹走;刮走 9.turn into = change into 轉變成 10.die out

滅絕;絕跡11.stop / prevent …(from)doing sth.阻止..做某12.keep…from doing sth.阻止……做某事13.move toward…

朝……移動

14.cut down 砍倒15.run away

跑走;流走

16.cut off 中斷17.on the earth 在地球上18. be in danger of(doing)sth.處于做某事的危險中19.destroy/ harm/ pollute the environment 破壞/損害/污染環境20.have a quiet life 過著平靜的生活

21.plenty of 大量的 22.come to realize

開始意識

23.have a clean-up大掃除24.one after another 一個接著另一個25.on recycled paper 在再生紙上26..offer one’s suggestion 提供某人的建議二重點句型1..But the government has done something useful to protect the environment.但政府為了保護環境已做了一些有益的事。2.We shouldn’t leave rubbish here and there/ everywhere.我們不應該到丟棄垃圾。3.Don’t step on the grass or pick the flowers around us.不要踐踏我們周圍的草坪和采摘花朵。4.Everyone should care for /look after/ take care of wild animals and plant more trees.每一個人都應當保護野生動物并且多種樹。5.We should do everything we can to protect the environment.我們應盡一切努力保護環境。6.Nothing is difficult if you set your mind to it.世上無難事,只怕有心人。7.The wind is blowing strongly with lots of sand.風夾著沙子猛烈地刮著。8.They are dying out because of all kinds of pollution.由于各種污染,他們正瀕臨滅絕。9.It caused Harbin City to cut off its water supply for five days.它導致哈爾濱市斷水5 天。10.As a result, many rivers and lakes are dead now.結果,現在許多河流湖泊失去生機。一。重點語言點1.As we know, none of us likes pollution.眾所周知,沒有人喜歡污染。a)none與no one 的區別:none “全無”,既可指人也可指物,后常跟of 的短語;作主語時,謂語動詞既可用單數也可用復數;no one只指人,后不能跟of 的短語;作主語時,謂語動詞只用作單數。如: He has read none of these books.(指物)這些書他一本都沒看過。None of my friends like/ likes drawing.(指人)我的朋友們沒有一個喜歡畫畫。No one is here.沒有一個在這兒。none回答how many/ much的問題;no one回答who的問題。如: A: How many students come to school by taxi? B: None.有多少的學生搭出租車來上學? 沒有人。A: How much water is there in the bottle? B: None.瓶子里有多少水? 一點兒也沒有。A: Who is in the room? B: No one.誰在房中?沒有人。Topic

3一、重點詞匯

(一)詞形變換1.organization(動詞)organize

2.recycle(動名詞)recycling 3.follow(形容詞)following 4.electricity(形容詞)electric5.move(名詞)movement

6.quick(副詞)quickly7.environment(形容詞)environmental

8.protect(名詞)protection

(二)重點詞組environmental protection 環境的保護 2.work for…為……工作3.spread message about…宣傳有關…4.reduce the waste/ air pollution 減少浪費/ 空氣污染5.both sides of ……的兩面

6.rather than

(是)……而不是….7.not only…but also…不僅…….而且……8.save money/ energy/ electricity省錢/ 能源/ 電9.be supposed to do sth.應當做某事10.travel a short distance

短途旅行11.put…into…把……放入……12.take up a lot of space

占據許多空間13.produce power from…從……獲得能量14.run the car

發動汽車15.push…forward /up /down

推…….向前/向上/向下17.produce electricity by doing sth.通過做某事發電18.the movement of water 水的流動19.be used for doing sth 被用作做某事

20.take a quick shower 快速淋浴 21.make a short journey短途旅行22.pick the litter up 撿起垃圾23.try harder 再努力

二、重點句型1.Let’s be greener people.讓我們做環保使者吧。2.…my main job is to help spread message about protecting the environment.我主要的工作是幫助做有關保護環境的宣傳。3.It’s kind of you to do that.你那樣做真是太好了。4.Would you like to be a greener person? 你想成為一名綠色使者嗎?5.Easier said than done.說得容易,做得難。6.Actions speak louder than words.百說不如一干;事實勝于雄辯。7.Of all the rubbish, about 35 percent can be recycled while the rest can’t.在所有的垃圾里大約35%能被回收但剩余的則不能

三、重點語言點First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.首先,當你離開房間的時候,應該隨手關燈。ought to 情態動詞, 表 “應該;應當”;語氣比 should 強;指道義上應該做的事,有時含有責備或督促的語氣。should 指主觀上感到有責任或義務去做。如:You ought to help your mother do some housework.你應該幫你媽媽做些家務。We should study hard.我們應該努力學習。其否定式和疑問式:You oughtn’t to get up so late in the morning.你早晨不應該起這么晚。Ought I to tell her the bad news? 我該告訴她壞消息嗎?Yes, you ought./No, you oughtn’t./No,you ought not.

第二篇:九年級半期考試題

重慶市2012年中考政治模擬試題

(二)溫馨提示:成長路上,有彩虹,也有風雨。成功時,留一點清醒給自己,你會發現,更多的理想需要追求,失敗時,留一點夢想給自己,你會發現,前方的道路何其寬廣;幸福時,留一點責任給自己,你會發現,幫助別人多么快樂;憂傷時,留一點微笑給自己,你會發現,平凡的生活充滿陽光。

一、選擇題:下列1—6小題的備選答案中,只有一項是最符合題意的,7—10小題的備選........答案中,至少有兩項是符合題意的,請選出,并將字母符號填入答題卷相應的方框中。(每.....小題2分,共20分)

任重慶市委書記。

A、黃奇帆***B、***王立軍C、***張德江D、李源潮王鴻舉

2、根據《中華人民共和國海島保護法》,國家海洋局于2012年3月3日凌晨發布消息,公布了中國及其部分附屬島嶼標準名稱。

A臺灣島B海南島C南沙群島D釣魚島

3、買房合同一簽,裝修公司電話馬上就到;新車買來還沒有上戶,保險公司電話就來了;剛剛辦好一張信用卡,叫你買基金和買黃金期貨的電話上門了,當下,轉賣用戶個人信息似乎已經形成了一條產業鏈。轉賣用戶個人信息主要侵犯公民的A合法財產所有權B隱私權C公平交易權D人身自由權

4、溫家寶在3月14日的記者會上說,“我常想,難道幾千年的文化恩澤就不能消弭幾十年的政治恩怨?”此話語體現了總理對臺灣的深厚感情。下列四種觀點正確的是 A、弘揚中華文化比解決臺灣問題要重要得多

B、堅持一個中國的原則,是兩岸關系和平發展的政治基礎 C、和平共處五項原則是處理兩岸關系的基本方針 D、平等、團結和共同繁榮是處理兩岸關系的原則5、2012年3月14日在十一屆全國人大五次會議閉幕后的記者會上溫家寶總理說:改革只能前進,不能停滯,更不能倒退,停滯和倒退都沒有出路。對此,下列觀點正確的是 A、我國必須堅持改革開放的強國之路 B、目前,中國改革受阻,我們必須戛然而止 C、“不完美”的改革是我們追求的目標

D、改革就是改變我國的基本制度,走國家資本主義的道路

6、對下邊漫畫理解正確的是

A、新版辭海做法是不與時俱進、開拓創新的表現

B、新版辭海的做法是堅持正確文化方向的體現

C、新版辭海的書商缺乏經商意識

D、新版辭海做法是保護他人智力成果的表現7、3月14日上午,溫家寶總理在中外記者會上回答關于網友“拍磚”的問題時表示,政府的一切權力都是人民賦予的,我們應該創造條件讓人民提出意見批評政府。下列對網友“拍磚”的認識正確的是

A、在網上聽到有“拍磚”的聲音,我們不要感到奇怪,可以置之不理

B、其實這是公民行使監督權的一種具體形式

C、各級政府要高度重視網友“拍磚”的現象,否則會引起社會動蕩不安

D、只有各級政府要高度重視網友“拍磚”的現象,才能廣納群智,更好地促進社會和諧

8、根據中俄兩國元首達成的共識,2012年和2013年將分別在中國和俄羅斯舉辦“俄羅斯旅游年”和“中國旅游年”。中俄兩國互辦年活動的目的在于

A、促進雙方人員往來,加深兩國人民之間的相互了解和友誼

B、擴大經濟和人文合作,深化中俄全面戰略協作伙伴關系

C、讓兩國文化成為世界上最優秀的文化

D、使兩國成為世界上最強大的國家,統領世界文化的發展

9、近日,麥當勞賣過期食品,家樂福賣假冒柴雞被有關媒體曝光,它們這一做法有可能侵犯消費者哪些權利

A、生命健康權B、公平交易權C、知情權D、依法求償權

10、從“暫住證”到“居住證”,雖只一字之差,為農民工逐步享有同等的基本公共服務創造條件,逐步為農民工在城市有序落戶打通政策通道。這有利于

A、促進社會正義與公平B、消除城鄉差距C、實現城鄉同步富裕 D、解決農民工子女入學

二、簡答題(本大題共3個小題,每小題4分,共12分)

11.觀察下邊漫畫,談談你的觀后感。(4分)

12、65歲的陶華碧雖然只有小學文化程度,從擺地攤起家,歷經艱辛,成為中國最大辣椒醬企業的掌門人。“老干媽”3年繳稅8個億,實現31億元人民幣的產值,帶動兩百萬農民的致富。“老干媽”的掌門人——陶華碧的成長經歷給我們哪些人生啟迪?(4分)

13、一座城市崛起的標志不僅是GDP(國民生產總值)的驚人增長和高樓高度與密度,更是其人文底蘊的日益厚重,而“碼頭文化”是很久以前人們對重慶文化的定位,如何將重慶這座年輕直轄市從“碼頭文化”變成“文化碼頭”我想,需要我們共同努力。

(1)材料說明了什么?(2分)

(2)、請你就如何將重慶從“碼頭文化”變成“文化碼頭”提出自己的建議(2分)

三、分析說明題(本大題共2小題,每小題6分,共12分)

14、近日,重慶大足某中學為了阻止學生將零食帶進校園,對學生進校統統檢查搜身,并且對檢查出禁帶物品不僅沒收,而且還要交罰款。此事被有關新聞媒體曝光。

(1)、該學校的做法主要侵犯學生的哪些合法權利?(2分)

(2)、對這樣的檢查,沒有一個學生提出抗議,還有學生一進校門,就自覺地張開雙臂等待搜查,像是坐飛機時接受安檢。這說明了什么?(1分)

(3)、假如你是有關新聞媒體的記者,你將怎樣勸說該校放棄他們的做法?(3分)

15、清華大學國情研究中心教授胡鞍鋼認為:經濟上不能大起大落;政治上不折騰;社會上不折騰;生態上不折騰;國際上不折騰別人,別人折騰我們要理性回應。”面對紛繁復雜的內外部環境,守住這五個底線,中華民族就一定能夠創造偉大復興的戰略機遇。

(1)、這五個底線體現了九年級思想品德教材哪些基本觀點?(5分)

(2)、中華民族的偉大復興主要指的是什么?(1分)

四、活動探究題(共6分)

16.2011年,重慶市開展創建國家環境保護模范城市(簡稱“創模”)以來,主城空氣質量達到10年來最佳成績,9條次級河流恢復清澈容貌。據了解,創建國家環境保護模范城市需滿足環保投資指數、城市生活污水集中處理率等26項指標。目前,重慶已有15項指標達到了“創模”的要求。但市環保局相關負責人表示,在331個藍天、城市生活污水集中處理率、城市環境衛生整治等11項指標上,我市還未達標。

某校準備以“共建環保模范城,共享綠色新重慶”為主題開展一次主題探究活動。請你參與其中。

〖爭當創模宣傳員〗

(1)請你為該次活動寫一條宣傳標語。(1分)

(2)請你向身邊的人宣傳創模活動所體現的國策和戰略有哪些?(2分)

〖爭當創模踐行員〗(3)請你寫一封倡議書,號召大家從我做起,從身邊的小事做起,創建環保模范城。(3分)

第三篇:半期考總結

半期考總結

這次考試我對我們九班的情況總結如下:有三分之二的同學在年級上有一定程度的提升,但是也有三分之一的同學在年級上下降,喜憂參半.在這里我想對我們九班的每位同學說:進步并不可喜(因為不一定能夠堅持到底),退步并不可悲(因為找出原因還可以從頭再來),相信每位同學都會理性對待,調整好心態迎接下次更加猛烈的挑戰!

下面的是在這次考試中被評為班上優秀的同學,他們是九班的驕傲!祝賀他們!也相信會有越來越多的同學會以他們為榜樣追上他們,加油!不為什么,只為我們是12.9班人。加油!(這次考試評獎我主要是從五個方面來評的:

1、學習驕子----學習成績有顯著進步或者非常優異的同學,獲得者盧艷、李宣;

2、藝體明星----有音、體、美等方面特長,在賽事中為班級贏得榮譽的同學,獲得者張鵬飛、唐國森、蔣綠煙;

3、班級公仆----熱心公務,集體榮譽感強,以實際行動贏得榮譽的同學,獲得者熊玉婷、姚興、胡倩;

4、惜時標兵----珍惜時間,特別能有效、合理、高效地利用時間的同學,獲得者唐麗君、盧艷;

5、守紀楷模----遵守班規校紀,并敢于制止班級范圍內違紀行為的同學,獲得者唐麗君、曾婉鈺,這次是全班公開選舉的)

第四篇:仁愛英語九年級知識點總結

九年級英語(仁愛版)語言點歸納 Unit 1 The Changing World Topic 1 China has developed rapidly in recent years.1.take place 發生

eg: Great changes have tanken place in my hometown.2.Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy this holiday!盡管我沒時間去旅游,但這個假期我仍然感到很愉快。

though 從屬連詞,用來引導讓步狀語從句,表“雖然;盡管”,不能與but連用。如:

Though he is poor, he is happy.= He is poor, but he is happy.盡管他很貧窮,但是他很快樂。

3.Could you please tell me something about Chinese teenagers? 請告訴我一些有關中國青少年的一些事情好嗎?

Could /Would you please(not)do sth?請(不)做某事好嗎?

eg: Could you please turn down your radio? 請把收音機聲音調低好嗎?

Would you please not play football here? 請不要在這兒踢球好嗎?

4.Parents couldn’t afford education for their children.父母供不起孩子上學。

afford 常與can, could 或 be able to 連用,尤其用于否定句或疑問句,表“負擔得起(做)某事;抽得出(時間)” “(can’t/ couldn’t)afford(to do)sth.”

eg: We can’t afford(to buy)this house because we don’t have enough money.我們買不這房了,因為我們沒有足夠的錢。

eg: He felt he couldn’t afford any time to play football.他覺得自己沒有時間踢球了。

5.Our government gives support to poor families.我們的政府能為貧困家庭提供幫助。

give support to sb.= give sb.support 為某人提供幫助/ 支持

support作動詞時表“供養;支持;支撐”,eg: She had to support her family at the age of ten.她十歲時就得養家。

His parents supported him in his decision.他的父母支持他的決定。

The two sticks support the tree.兩根木棍支撐著這棵樹。

6.Why not go and search the Internet for some information? 為什么不上網查找相關信息呢?

search sp.for sth.搜查某地尋找某物

search sb.for sth.搜身查找某物

search for sth./ sb.= look for sth./ sb.搜尋某物/ 某人;

eg: The villagers searched the woods for the lost children.村民們在樹林里尋找失蹤的孩子們。

The police searched the man for the stolen money.警察搜那個男人的身,查找被偷的錢。

He is searching/ looking for his missing keys.他在尋找他丟的鑰匙。

7.We often went hungry because the boss didn’t give us enough food to eat.我們經常挨餓,因為老板不給我們足夠的食物。

在這里是系動詞,表“變得?”,后跟形容詞,構成系表結構.eg: The food on the table went bad.桌面上的食物變壞了.8.One part was used to help support my family, to help send my elder brother to school.a)one part?the other(part)?一部分??另一部分??

b)elder brother 哥哥

elder 作形容詞時, 是old的比較級, 一般表示家庭成員出生的順序,在句中只能作定語,可與than連用;而older表年齡的比較,可與 than連用.如:

His elder sister is two older than he.他的姐姐比他大兩歲.作名詞時, 表 “ 長者;前輩;祖先”, 如:

Their customs were handed down by the elders.他們的風俗習慣是由他們的祖先傳下來的.9.But China has developed rapidly in recent years.但是近年來,中國發展迅速.in recent years 表 “近年來”,常與完成時連用.如:

She has learnt a lot of knowledge in recent years.近年來,她學到了許多知識.10.China has made such rapid progress.中國已經取得如此迅速的進步。

progress 為不可數名詞make progress 取得進步

make some/ much/ great progress 取得一些/ 許多/ 巨大的進步

11.What has happened to Beijing’s roads now? 現在北京的公路發生了什么變化?

sth.happen to sb.某人發生了某事,如:

eg: If anything happens to him, let me know.萬一他有什么不測,就請通知我。

A little accident happened to her yesterday.昨天她發生了點小意外。

12.They express the rich culture of China as well.他們也表達了豐富的中國文化。

as well, too, also均表“也;又”; as well 多用于口語,只用于句末,不用逗號隔開;

too 多用于口語,用于句末,要用逗號隔開;

also 較正式,不用于句末;

either 用于否定句,表“也不”,與too 對應。

eg: He likes sports as well.= He likes sports, too.= He also likes sports.他也喜歡運動。

He didn’t come, either.他也沒來。

13.keep in touch with 和?保持聯系

eg: Nowadays,we keep in touch with each other by sending e-mails.14.復習現在完成時

Topic 2 What has happened to the population? 1.I really hate to go such a place.我真討厭去購物。--So do I.我也是。

So do I.為倒裝句,表示前面提到的肯定情況也同樣適合另外一個主體,表“某某也一樣”,結構為“so + be /情態動詞/ 助動詞 + 主語”。

eg: Jim is a student, so is Tom.吉姆是一名學生,湯姆也是。

Jim can swim, so can Tom.吉姆會游泳,湯姆也會。

Jim likes sports, so does Tom.吉姆喜歡運動,湯姆也喜歡。

如表前面不怎樣,后面“也不”怎樣時,其結構為“ neither/ nor + be /情態動詞/ 助動詞 + 主語”。

eg: Jim wasn’t Chinese, neither/ nor were they.吉姆不中國人,他們也不是。

Jim can’t speak Japanese, neither can I.吉姆不會說日語,我也不會。

Jim didn’t go there, neither did I.吉姆沒去那兒,我也沒去。

如前后兩句表達的是同一個主體,則不能倒裝,表“的確如此”。如:

eg: Jim is a good student.So he is.吉姆是一名好學生,的確如此。

Jim swims well.So he does.吉姆游泳很好,的確如此。

2.At that time, China was the country with the largest population in the world.那時,中國是世界上人口最多的國家。

population為不可數名詞,表示人口的多少只能用 “large”或 “small”修飾,提問人口用“what”, 如:

eg: The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.上海的人口比北京多。

What’s the population of China?= How many people are there in China? 中國的人口有多少?

3.Great changes have taken place in China.中國發生了巨大變化。

take place 指必然性的“發生”或有計劃、安排之內的“舉行”。如:

eg: The meeting will take place next Friday.會議將在下周五舉行。

happen 指偶然的、沒有預料的“發生“,其結果往往給人帶來不幸或麻煩。如:

eg: The accident happened yesterday.事故發生在昨天。

※兩者都不用于被動語態。

4.The population has increased a lot.人口增長發很多。

increase 可作及物動詞也可作不及物動詞。其含義是“增長,增加,加強”等。

increase by? 指“增加了??”;increase to?指 “增加到??”

5.?and about one fifth of the people in the world live in China.而且世界上大約五分之一的人口生活在中國。

one fifth 是分數表達法。英文分數表達法:分子為基數詞,分母為序數詞,先讀分子后讀分母。當分子大于1時,分母的序數詞則變為復數,直接在詞尾加“s”。eg: one fourth 四分之一; three fourths 四分之三;

one second 二分之一; two thirds 三分之二

注:分數修飾名詞作主語,謂語動詞要和所修飾的名詞保持一致。6.It has worked well in controlling China’s population.它在控制人口數量方面取得了顯著的功效。

work well in doing sth.表“在??方面很有功效”,eg: Doing eye exercises works well in protecting our eyesight.(視力)做眼保健操在保護視力方面很有功效。

7.Because of our large population, we are short of energy and water.be short of? 表 “缺乏??”

eg: She is always short of money at the end of every month.每個月底她總是缺錢。

be short for? 表“是??的縮寫”,eg: TV is short for television.TV是television的縮寫形式.8.Can all Chinese families offer their children a good education? 所有的中國家庭都能給他們的的孩子提供良好的教育嗎?

offer 表“(主動)給予,提供”

offer sb.sth.“提供某人某物”如:

I offered him a glass of wine.我敬了他一杯酒。

offer to do sth.“(主動)提出做某事”如:

She offered to cook for her mother.她提出幫她媽媽煮飯。8.be strict with 對?要求嚴格 eg:Our teachers are strict with us.9.I can’t go shopping in big stores unless I travel for a couple of hours.我得花幾個小時,才能到大的商場購物。

a)unless = if not 表“除非?;如果不”,引導條件狀語從句。

eg: I won’t go unless I hear from you.= I won’t go if I don’t hear from you.如果你不通知我,我就不去。

Unless Bill studies hard, he’ll fail in the exam.如果比爾不努力, 他不會通過考試的.b)a couple of? 表 “幾個人或幾件事”,eg: a couple of years ago 幾年前;a couple of students 幾個學生

couple 指任何兩件同類的東西;如:

a couple of watches 兩只手表; five couples of cats 五對貓 pair 指兩件不可分開使用的東西,它們可指兩件互不相連的東西(鞋子、襪子等),也可指兩部分構成的一件東西(褲子、剪刀等)。如:

a pair of shoes 一雙鞋子 a pair of pants 一條褲子 10.on / about 關于

on:關于(學術性較強)eg:He is writing a book on medicine.about:He is telling us a story about heroes.11.take measures 采取措施

Eg: China has take measures to reduce the pollution.四、重點語法

現在完成時常與下列表不明確的狀語連用: 1.already 和 yet already “已經”(多用于肯定陳述句),如: He has already gone home.他已經回家了。yet “已經;還”(用于否定句或疑問句),如:Have you found him yet? 你已經找到他了嗎? I haven’t finished my homework yet.我還沒完成作業。

※ already 也可用于疑問句,表“出乎意料或驚奇”

Have you finished your homework already? 難道你已經完成作業了? 2.ever 和 never ever “曾經”(多用于疑問句,問初次經歷),如:I have ever been abroad.我曾出過國。never“從未;從來不”(多用于否定陳述句),常回答ever的句型。如: I have never seen him before.--Has he ever been abroad? 他曾出過國嗎?--No, never.不,從來不。3.just

just “剛剛”(多用于肯定句,位于謂語動詞之前),如:I have just tried to call you.我剛剛打電話給你。4.before before “之前”(一般位于句末;常與never呼應),如:He says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before.他說他以前從來沒看過這么美的風景。Topic 3 The world has changed for the better.1.Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to help them.他們一旦發現有人需要幫助,就選定適當的方式來幫助他們。

a)once 是從屬連詞,表“一旦??就??”,它的從句為現在時態(包括一般現在時、現在進行時、現在完成時),主句則為一般將來時。或者主從句均為過去的某種時態。

eg: Once you become interested in playing computer games, you’ll have trouble giving them up.一旦你迷上了電腦游戲,你就很難放棄它。

b)decide on(doing)sth.決定(做)某事,相當于 decide to do sth.eg: They decided on spending the holiday in Hainan.他們決定在海南度假。

= They decided to spend the holiday in Hainan.2.The government provides homeless people with nice homes.政府向無家可歸的人們提供舒適的住處。

provide sb.with sth.= provide sth.for sb.提供給某人某物

eg: The school provided the students with food.這所學校為學生們提供食物。

= The school provided food for the students.3.I think it’s a wonderful place to live in.我認為那是一個居住的好地方。

to live in 是動詞不定式,用來修飾前面的名詞place.在不定式中,如動詞為不及物動詞,或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等,不定式后必須跟上相應的介詞。

eg: There is nothing to worry about.沒有什么可擔心的事。

I need a pen to write with.我需要一只筆寫字。

4.It is famous because it has been so successful in helping homeless people return to normal lives.它很出名是因為它已經成功地幫助無家可歸的人重新過上正常的生活。

be successful in doing sth.成功地做成某事,相當于 succeed in doing sth.如: eg: He was successful in passing the exam.他成功地通過了考試。

They were successful in climbing Mount Huang.他們成功地登上了黃山。

5.In the past sixteen years, Project Hope has raised about 3 billion yuan.在近十六年來,希望工程已籌集了大約30億元。

in the past + 若干時間,表“近若干時間來”,用于現在完成時。

eg: They have learnt about 500 English words in the past two months.近兩個月來,他們已經學習了大約500個英語單詞。6.復習直接引語和間接引語和構詞法 Unit 2 Saving the earth Topic 1 I can’t stand the environment here.1.I can’t stand the environment here.我無法容忍這兒的環境。

stand 表“容忍;忍受”,后接名詞、代詞及動名詞做賓語。

eg: I can’t stand that man, he talks too much.我忍受不了那個人了,他話太多了。

I can’t stand waiting any longer.我再也等不了了。2.What do you mean by sth.?

某物是什么意思呢? = What’s the meaning of sth ? = What does sth.mean?

3.I hope I can move from here soon.我希望我能早點從這兒搬走。當主從句主語一致時,常可轉換成不定式短語

= I hope to move from here soon.我希望早點從這兒搬走。

4.There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river.有幾座工廠正往河里排放污水。

There be + sb./ sth.+ doing sth.表有某人/ 某物正在做某事。eg: There are some birds singing in the tree.樹上有些鳥兒在歌唱。

There is a little girl crying in the street.街上有個小女孩在哭。5.stop doing sth.停止做(正在進行的)事

stop to do sth.停下來去做(另一件)事

eg: It’s late.They will stop working and(stop)to have supper.很遲了。他們將停下來吃晚飯。

The students stopped talking and to listen to the teacher.學生們停止說話去聽課。6.I’m sorry for making so much noise.很抱歉我弄出這么大的噪音。

be sorry for doing sth.表對做過的事感到抱歉

be sorry to do sth.表對當前的事感到抱歉

eg: I’m sorry for waking you up yesterday.很抱歉昨天把你弄醒了。

I’m sorry to trouble you.很抱歉打擾你了。

I’m sorry to hear that.聽到那個(消息)感到很遺憾。

7. Recently it was reported that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do,?近來據報道,美國許多青少年的聽力和65歲的老人一樣差。

no better than? 表“同??(幾乎)一樣差;不比??做得好” eg: Lucy did no better than Lily in the exam.露西和莉莉考得幾乎一樣糟.= Lucy almost did as badly as Lily in the exam.8.復習現在完成時中延續性的動作或狀態和由for / since 引導的一段時間狀語搭配使用。a)“for + 時間段”

與 “since + 時間點”

都表“一段時間”,常用How long 提問。b)如句中含有非延續性動詞,則改為相應的延續性動詞或狀態。Topic 2 How does pollution hurt the earth? 1.It says that China has become the world’s largest producer and user of coal.它(文章)寫到中國已經成為世界上最大的煤炭生產和消費國。

sth.+ says that? 此句型中主語是事或物,say表用“文字、數字”說明信息。

eg: It says “ Happy New Year!” on the card.卡片上寫著“新年快樂!”。

The clock says that it is 20:00 now.這面鐘顯示現在是20:00。2.As we know, none of us likes pollution.眾所周知,沒有人喜歡污染。

none與no one 的區別: none “全無”,既可指人也可指物,后常跟of 的短語;作主語時,謂語動詞既可用單數也可用復數;no one只指人,后不能跟of 的短語;作主語時,謂語動詞只用作單數。

eg: He has read none of these books.(指物)這些書他一本都沒看過。

None of my friends like/ likes drawing.(指人)我的朋友們沒有一個喜歡畫畫。

No one is here.沒有一個在這兒。

none回答how many/ much的問題;no one回答who的問題。如:

A: How many students come to school by taxi? B: None.有多少的學生搭出租車來上學? 沒有人。

A: How much water is there in the bottle? B: None.瓶子里有多少水? 一點兒也沒有。

A: Who is in the room? B: No one.誰在房中?沒有人。

3.When it rains, the soil will be washed away.下雨時,土壤就會被沖走。

will be +過去分詞為一般將來時的被動語形式。

eg: The earth will be blown away by the wind.泥土將會被風刮走。(被動語態)

= The wind will blow away the earth.風將會把泥土刮走。(主動語態)

5.A lot of rich land has changed into desert, leaving only sand.許多肥沃的土地已經變成了沙漠,留下的是遍地黃沙。

a)change? into? = turn? into?

把?..(轉)變成?

eg: Please change/ turn English into Chinese.請把英語變成漢語。

When the traffic lights change/ turn into green, we can go.當交通燈變成綠色時,我們就可以通行。

b)leaving only stand現在分詞短語作狀語, 表伴隨主動。

eg: The children went away, talking and laughing.孩子們說著、笑著離開了。

The girl is looking for her mother, crying loudly.這個女孩大聲地哭著在尋找她的母親。6.Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.They can also prevent the sand from moving toward the rich land.樹可以防風固土,也可阻止風沙吹進良田。stop / prevent sb./sth.(from)doing sth.阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事 keep sb./sth.from doing sth.阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事

eg: Trees can keep water from running away.樹可以防止水土流失。7.in danger of(doing)sth.處于做某事的危險中

eg: They are in danger of losing their lives.他們正處于失去生命的危險中。8.cut down 砍到 Eg:Many trees are cut down every years 9.You may either take a bus or a taxi.你們可能搭公車去或者是搭出租車去。

a)either?or? “要么?要么?并列連詞,連接主語時,根據就近原則選取謂語動詞。

eg: You may come either today or tomorrow.你要么今天來,要么明天來。

Either you or he is right.要么你對,要么他對。

b)either 單獨使用時,是代詞,表“二者之一”既可指人也可指物;用作主語時,謂語動詞用作單數。如:

A:Would you like coffee or tea? B: Either is OK

你想要咖啡還是茶?隨便都可以。

Either of us is right.我們倆中有一人是對的。Topic 3 Let’s be greener people.1.We should use both sides of paper, and reuse plastic bags rather than throw them away.我們應該把紙的兩面都使用,將塑料袋再次使用而不是輕易扔掉。

both 修飾復數名詞;而 either 修飾單數名詞;

eg: There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road.= There are a lot of trees on either side of the road.在路的兩邊有許多樹。2.Everyone is supposed to do it.每個人都應該那樣做。

be supposed to do sth.指(按規定、習慣、安排等)應當做某事;相當于should;用于否定句時,表“允許”;

eg: Teachers are supposed to/ should know a lot.老師應該知道很多。

You are not supposed to smoke here.這里不允許抽煙。

4.First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.首先,當你離開房間的時候,應該關燈。

ought to 情態動詞, 表 “應該;應當”;語氣比 should 強;指道義上應該做的事,有時含有責備或督促的語氣。should 指主觀上感到有責任或義務去做。如:

You ought to help your mother do some housework.你應該幫你媽媽做些家務。We should study hard.我們應該努力學習。其否定式和疑問式:

You oughtn’t to get up so late in the morning.你早晨不應該起這么晚。Ought I to tell her the bad news? 我該告訴她壞消息嗎? Yes, you ought.No, you oughtn’t.Unit 3 English around the world Topic1 English is widely spoken around the world.1.stick v.粘貼,=put up eg: You can stick it on the wall in your room.你可以把它貼在你房間的墻上。2.can't wait to do sth.迫不急待地想要做某事

eg:

I can't wait to fly there!我迫不急待地想要飛往哪里。

又:can't help doing sth.忍不住要做某事,如:I can't help laughing.我忍不住笑了。3.have a good chance to do sth.有個做某事的好機會

eg: You'll have a good chance to practicing speaking English.你將有一個練習說英語的好機會。

4.practice speaking English 練習說英語。有的動詞后再跟動詞時,后面的動詞要用--ing形式,如:practice, finish, enjoy, meind等等。

5.from now on 從現在起,意思相當于later on 后來,過后,將來。eg: Try your best and work much harder(at English)from now on.從現在起,盡你最大的努力更努力(得多)地學習(英語)。6.on business 出差

?eg:Mr.Lee is on business in the U.S.A..7.be similar to...與...相似

eg: Is Spanish similar to English? 西班牙語和英語會相似嗎? 8.It's possible that...有可能...eg: It's possible that you will have some trouble.你有可能會遇到一些困難。9.ask sb.for help 向某人求助,求助于某人。eg: I'll ask an interpreter for help.我將向翻譯求助。10.translate A into B 把A翻譯成B,eg: The interpreter translates English into Chinese.這位翻譯把英語翻譯成中國語。11.in general 一般來說

12.have trouble(in)doing sth.在做某事方面有困難。

eg: In general, he has no trouble understanding people.一般說來,他聽懂別人的說話是沒有困難的。

13.What's more 還有

once in a while 有時,偶爾,相當于at times或sometimes 14.whenever = no matter when

topic 2 English is spoken differently indifferent countries。1.follow = understand 聽懂,理解, 明白, eg: I can't follow you.? Can you speak more slowly, please? 2.be the same as?? 與...相同,eg: Is Australian English the same sa British English? 澳大利亞英語和英國英語是相同的嗎? 3.I'm flying to Disneyland tomorrow.? 明天我要飛往迪斯尼樂園.?注: 此句中 am flying是表示一般將來時.???英語中,??“位移動詞”或稱“趨向動詞”?可以用現在進行時的結構表示將來發生的動作, 這類動詞有“leave”, “leave for”, “leave ? for?”, “come,” “fly?”, “return”, “arrive”, “go”,? “start”(出發), 等等, 如:? I'm going.我要走了.?? I'm coming!我就來!? My uncle is meeting us tomorrow.4.depend on? 依靠;取決于;依?而定, 如: Sometimes the meaning can change, depending on the country where it is spoken.5.succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事,eg: f you want to succeed in making yourself understood, you need to know some of these differences.如果你想成功地表達自己的意思, 你就需要了解一些這種不同點.6.on one's way to +地名, 在去某地的路上(后接副詞時不用to)?.? eg: Lucy is on her way to school.露西在回家的路上.??

Tom is on his way home.湯姆在回家路上.[要區別于By the way順便問/說一下;? in this way用這種方法] 7.see sb.off 為某人送行,eg: Kangkang and Michael?going to the airport to?see them off.康康和邁克爾要去機場為他們送行.put out 伸出

eg: Michael sees a foreigner putting out his hand with his thumb raised.邁克爾看見一個外國人伸出他的手, 拇指朝上.??? [本名還要掌握see sb.doing sth.看見某人正在做某事? see sb.do sth.看見某人做某事, 以及with his thumb raised作伴隨狀語.] 8.ask for a ride 請求搭車, The foreigner is asking for a ride.這個外國人在請求搭車.9.be worried about...為...擔心

eg: I'm still worried about my English.我還在為我的英語擔心.10 as for...? 至于?, 關于某人/某事

eg: As for the spelling differences, you can easily find them when you use a computer.?? 11.have difficulty doing sth.做某事有困難 注:difficulty作“困難,艱難,費勁,辛苦,難度”解時為un 作“難題,難事,難處,困境,危難”時,為cn eg: We have difficulties understanding foreigners

12.be closed to...? 靠近..., The Disneyland is close to Los Angeles.? 迪斯尼樂園離洛杉磯很近。

13.in person 親自

eg:He helped her with her English in person.14.be fond of...? 喜愛...eg: Children are fond of exciting rides like Pirates of the Caribbean.15.come about 發生

eg: How did these differences come about? 這些差別是如何發生的?

Can you tell me how the accident came about? 16.be forced to do sth.被迫做某事

eg: I was forced to take a taxi because I couldn't catch the last bus.?因為沒有趕上末班車, 只好坐出租車.17.take in 吸收,如:The English language has taken in many new words from other languages.Topic 3 Could you give us some advice on how to learn English well? 1.make sb understood 使某人被理解

Eg:He say it slowly to make him understood 2.work hard at 努力?

eg:He worked hard at English and at last he passed the final exam.3.advise 建議(后接to do 或V-ing)eg:I advises waiting till the proper time.I advise you to leave now.4.stick to 堅持

(to 是介詞,后接名詞或V-ing)Eg:If you stick to the truth ,you have nothing to fear.He sticks to having a talk with his teacher.4.Laugh at 嘲笑

Eg:Don’t laugh at others.5.come to realize 明白

eg:After talking to his teacher,he have come to realize his teacher is always caring for him。5.in order to 為了

(后接動詞原形)eg:He gets up early in order to catch the fisrt bus.6.give up 放棄

eg:I always advise my father to give up smoking.7.復習動詞不定式的用法。Unit 4 Amazing Science Topic 1 Spaceship are mainly controlled by computers.1.dream of 夢想

Eg:I dream of studying in a university.2.send 寄,送

Eg:I will send a gift to my mother on her birthday.=I will send my mother a gift on her birthday.相關的短語:~ for 派人去請

~off 送行

~ out發出(光、熱);長(葉子)

~ up 發射

3.no doubt 毫無疑問

Eg : There is no doubt he is a kind man.4.thanks to 多虧

eg : Thanks to the bad weather we don’t have to do morning exercise.5.turn on 打開

turn off 關掉

turn up 調高

turn down 調低 Topic 2 When was it invented? 1.Because I’m not allowed to play computer games.因為我不可以玩電腦游戲。allow “允許、準許”的意思。常用于以下幾種形式:

(1)allow +n./prep 如:

We can’t allow such a thing.我們不容許這種事情發生。

(2)allow sb.to do sth 允許某人做某事 如:

She allowed me to go fishing.她允許我去釣魚。

(3)allow +doing sth 允許做某事 如:

We don’t allow smoking in the reading-room.我們不允許在閱覽室吸煙。

(4)be allowed to do sth 如:被允許做某事

The students are allowed to play games on the play ground after school.放學后學生們被準許在操場上做游戲。

2.It’s made from wood.它用木材做的。

(1)be made in 在??地方制造,后接表示地點的名詞。

(2)be made of 用??制造的,表示原材料未經化學變化,仍可看得出原材料。

(3)be made from 用??制造的,表示原材料經過化學變化,已看不出其原樣。

(4)be made by 由(被)??(人)制作,后接表示人的名詞或代詞。

(5)be made into(某物)被制成??

(6)be made up of 由??組成 如:

The TV set is made in Japan.這臺電視機是日本生產的。

These houses are made of stones.這些房子是由石頭建造的。

Paper is made from wood.紙是木頭造的。

Was this cake made by your mother?這蛋糕是你媽媽做的嗎?

Metal can be made into all kinds of things.金屬可以制成各種各樣的物品。

The medical team is made up of ten doctors.這支醫療隊由10位大夫組成。

4.It’s used for helping us to improve our English.它用來幫助我們提高英語水平。

(1)be used for+ving

be used to do(被)用來做?

強調用途或作用

(2)be used as(被)作為??而用,強調被當作工具或手段來用。

(3)be used by 被??使用,by后跟人/物,強調使用者。Eg:Pens are used for writing.鋼筆被用來寫字。

Wood is used to make paper.木材被用來造紙。

English is used as a foreign language in China.英語在中國被當作外語使用。

Recorders are often used by English teachers.英語老師經常使用錄音機。5.They will no longer want to be our servants, but our masters.它們將不再愿意做我們的人,而要做我們的主人。

no longer(通常在動詞前),not?any longer;not?any more(用于非正式文體中)都可表示“(過去曾?)現在不再?”

eg: She no longer lives here.=She doesn’t live here any longer(或 any more).她不在這兒住了。(過去她曾住這兒)7.This method worked well at night as long as the weather was good and the stars could be seen.在夜間只要天氣晴朗,能看見星星,這種方法就能很好地發揮作用。

work well 有效 eg:China’s one-child police works well in controlling China’s population.as long as 只要 eg :As long as you work hard ,you must succeed one day.Topic 3 I don’t think aliens can be found in space.1.in the future 將來

Eg:I think people will live on Mars in the future.2.What are you going to be when you grow up?你長大后干什么? 3.at a distance of 以?距離

Eg:The moon goes around the earth at a distance of 38.0000 kilometers.4.land on 著陸

Eg: People took some measures to make the plane land on safely.5.be worth doing 值得?

Eg:The book is worth reading 6.I don’t think aliens can be found in space.我認為外星人不可能出現在太空里。

(1)當think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等動詞后的賓語從句含有not的否定詞時,該否定應移至主句,即否定主句的謂語動詞。如:

I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.我認為明天不會下雨。

(2)can +be +過去分詞,是情態動詞構成的被動語態。如: This can’t be done in a short time.這不是短期內能完成的。

7.It has been two days since we landed on Mars.自從我們登上火星以來已經兩天了。

it用作主語談論時間,常與since連用。

eg:It is(或has been)three years since we left school.自從我們離開學校以來已經三年了。8.What’s worse, our water supplies were very low.更糟糕的是,我們的水供給是非常有限的。What’s worse 更糟糕的是。類似結構還有:What’s more 更有甚者;更為重要的是。9.It’s a quarter as big as the earth.它是地球的四分之一大。倍數表示法:倍數+as+形容詞/副詞+as 如:This box is three times as heavy as that one.這只箱子是那只箱子的三倍重。Unit5 Knowing about China Topic 1 How much do you know about China?

1.China is a great country that has about 5000 years of history.中國是一個擁有五千多年歷史的大國。

句中that has about 5000 years of history是定語從句,修飾名詞country。country 是先行詞,that 是關系代詞,在定語從句中作主語,也可以用which.。

There are many places of interest which attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year.There are a great number of rivers in China.中國有許多大河。

2.a(great)number of ? 許多/大量,后接可數名詞復數,作主語時,謂語用復數;

the number of ?。。的數量,后接可數名詞復數,作主語時,謂語用單數。

e.g.A number of books are lent out from the library every day.每天有許多書從圖書館被借走。

The number of the students present is not known yet.還不知道出席學生的數目。

3.Among them, the Yangtze River is the longest one and the second longest is the Yellow River.其中長江是中國最長的河流,黃河位居第二。

句中the longest one,the second longest,“最長”用最高級,“第二長”在最高級前加上序數詞second。

e.g.Shanghai is the biggest city in China and Beijing is the second biggest one.上海是中國最大的城市,北京位居第二。4.hear of 聽說

Eg:Have you heard of the romantic story

That’s the most fantastic place that I have ever heard of.那是我聽說過的最奇妙的地方。

Hear from 收到?的來信

(已經含有收信的意思,無需用letter)= receive a letter from 5.lose oneself in ? 意為“沉浸于?”

Eg:The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose themselves in it.如此迷人的景色常常使得游客流連忘返。

6.It severs as a bridge which connects the mainland with the rest of the world.它(香港)是連接祖國大陸與世界其他地方的橋梁。

7.be considered as = be regarded as

“被看作?,被認為?”,而regard ?as 意為“把?看作,把?認為,as 是介詞,后接名詞。

Eg:As we know, Taiwan is considered as the Treasure Island of China.臺灣被認為是“中國寶島”。

8.fetch 去取回來

eg:If you are thirsty ,I can fetch you a bottle of water.9.introduce 介紹

(~sb to sb)eg:Boys and girls ,let me introduceTom, your new classmate, to you.復習定語從句(I)Topic 2 Confucius, a pioneer in the field of education.1.He was also a famous philosopher whose wise sayings have influenced many people in different countries.他也是一位著名的哲學家,他的至理名言影響了不同國家的許多人。

2.When I walk along with two others, I may be able to learn from them.三人行,必有我師。3.are proud of 人引以為豪的(take pride in)Eg:Chinese people are proud of China’s long history.= China takes pride in her long history.4.Unfortunately, he died of illness on his way home from Africa in 1433.不幸的是,他于1433年在從非洲返回的路途中病故。

die of 多指因內因而引起,die from 多指因外因而引起。

Eg:The old man died of heart disease.He died from a serious traffic accident.5.bring down 推翻

Eg: After a revolutionary,the emperor was brought down.break down 摧毀,垮下

Topic 3 The dragon has become a symbol of the Chinese nation.1.play a part in 在?方面起作用

Eg:Robots plays an important part in morden industry 2.promise sb.sth.許諾某人某事

promise to do sth.答應做某事 promise sb.to do sth.答應某人做某事

eg:

I promised him a present for his birthday.我答應送他一件生日禮物。

She promised to write to him.她答應給他寫信。

Father promised me to buy a new pair of shoes for me.爸爸許諾給我買一雙新鞋。2.We can go to either Beihai Park or Shichahai Park.either ?or 或?或? ,連接并列主語時,謂語和最近的主語一致,即遵從就近原則。

e.g.Either you or he has to go there.或者是你或者是他得去那兒。3.Both my father and I like it a lot.我和我父親都非常喜歡。

both ?and? 意為“既?又?,兩者都?”。連接并列主語時,謂語用復數形式。

e.g.Both Tom and I have been to the Great Wall.湯姆和我曾經去過長城。4.Neither my mother nor my father likes it.我的父母都不喜歡。

neither ?nor ? 既不?也不?,連接兩個并列成分,謂語動詞和鄰近的主語一致,即遵從就近原則。

Eg:Neither she nor I am right.她和我都不對。

He is neither a doctor nor a teacher.他既不是醫生也不是老師。5.found v.成立,建立;創建,創辦

Eg:A new country was founded on October 1st ,1949.found的過去式與過去分詞都是founded

e.g.His elder brother founded a company in 2001.他的哥哥2001年創辦了一個公司。注意區分:find v.“找到,發現”,它的過去式與過去分詞是found

e.g.He found a purse lying on the ground.他發現地上有一個錢包。6.At the end of 在?末端

Eg:At the end of the year,he passed away.7.復習并列連詞both ?and ?, either?or ?, neither?nor?.和not only?but also?的用法: Unit 6 Entertainment and Friendship Topic 1 I would rather watch sports shows than those ones.1.In my spare time , I enjoy watching TV, especially quiz shows from which I can learn a lot.在空閑時間,我喜歡看電視,特別是能從中學到許多東西的智力節目。

在定語從句中,當關系代詞which作介詞的賓語時,即“介詞+which”結構,介詞可放在which之前,也可放在定語從句中的動詞之后。

Eg: This is the house in which Bing Xin was born.冰心是在這所房子里出生的。

= This is the house which Bing Xin was born in.2.would rather do sth.than do sth.比起做?更愿意做?

Eg:I would rather stay at home than go out in such bad weather.這么糟糕的天氣,我寧愿待在家中,也不愿出去。

3.hit sb on the nose 打某人的鼻子

(用the 而不用his 或her)

Eg:He hit the woman in the face / on the nose.4.be ready to do sth.內心愿意/樂意做某事

Eg: He was ready to believe her.他愿意相信她。

5.From then on.從那時起

From now on

從現在起 6.a symbol of ?

?的象征

= stand for Eg:The rose is regarded as a symbol of love in both China and some western countries.People think the rose stands for love, peace, courage and friendship.8.order sb.to do sth.命令/要求某人去做某事

order sth for sb./ sth.為某人/ 某物訂購某物

eg: The doctor ordered me to stay in bed.醫生命令我好好呆在床上休息.9.forgive sb.sth.原諒某人某事

forgive sb.for doing sth.請求別人原諒所做的事

eg: She could forgive him anything.她會原諒他的任何事.Please forgive me for disturbing you.請原諒我打擾你了.Topic 2 Who is your favorite character in literature? 1.according to 根據

Eg:According to the given words,fill in the blanks。2.make up one’s mind 意為“下定決心”,后跟動詞不定式。

Eg:He has made up his mind to work hard and catch up with others.他已下定決心努力學習趕上別人。

3.can’t help 禁不住

+ v-ing eg:Sometimes we can’t help laughing because of his funny behavior.有時我們因他的有趣行為而禁不住大笑。Topic 3 I will remember our friendship forever.1.This weekend we’ll graduate from Ren’ai International School!本周末我們將從仁愛國際學校畢業。1)graduate 作動詞是,表 “畢業”,相當于leave school,其名詞形式為graduation eg: He graduated in 1999.= He left school in 1999.2)graduate from + 學校 表 “從某個學校畢業” graduate in + 專業 表 “畢業于某專業”

eg: He graduated from Peking University last year.去年他從北京大學畢業。

He graduated in English at a famous University.他畢業于一所名牌大學的外語專業。2.think back on/ to “回想起,追憶” 如:

eg:When I think back on/to those things, I miss my friends a lot.當我回想起那些事情時,我就非常想念我的朋友。3.…and write some words on the blackboard with color chalks.用彩色粉筆在黑板上寫幾句話。1)chalk “粉筆”,不可數名詞,若表示“一支粉筆”時,則用a piece of chalk;2)當表示各種顏色的粉筆時,則可數。

4.I’ve got dozens of cards.我準備了許多賀卡。1)dozen作可數名詞,意為“

(一)打;十二;幾十;許多”

Give me a dozen, please.請給我一打。

2)當和數詞連用后面跟名詞時,dozen不加s,其后也不跟of。

eg: two dozen eggs 兩打雞蛋

3)dozen后加s時,常與of連用,意為“幾十;許多”,表不明確的數目。dozens of? 幾十hundreds of?幾百;成百上千thousands of?幾千;成千上萬 5.to one’s joy 使某人高興的是

to one’s surprised 使某人驚訝的是

eg: To my joy, I became the owner of an MP3 last week.使我高興的是,上周我擁有了自己的MP3。

To our surprised, Jim didn’t pass the exam.令我們驚訝的是,吉姆沒通過考試。6.take photos of sb.為某人拍照

take photos with sb.與某人合影 7.leave?behind “忘了帶;遺忘;把??拋在后面”

eg:It means change, and leaving behind unforgettable faces and places.它意味著變化,意味著把那些不能忘卻的面容和地方留在記憶深處。

She knew that she had left childhood behind.她知道童年已一去不復返了。8.see sb off 為某人送行

Eg:Today,we got up early to see him off.

第五篇:九年級半期考語文教學反思

1.對試卷命題的評價

本次試卷分四大塊(積累與運用,綜合性學習,閱讀與理解,寫作)25小題,內容適量,難易適中,題型全面,部分題型與中考題接軌,符合中考精神,雖說有一定的難度,但有個過渡,學生易于接受,如文言文閱讀,一則課內一則課外對比閱讀,課外的出自學生平時做的頂尖課課練習。較難的是課外閱讀,學生理解難度大,但也慢慢地引導學生閱讀要靜心思考,多讀、多品、多悟,再不能讀一遍就動筆。作文二選一,有易有難有梯度,可檢查學生臨場審題,選我所長的題目來習作的能力,很好。當然,試卷中來自文本的知識也不少,考查學生理解、知識的遷移和運用的能力。這份試卷對初三師生教與學的導向有很大幫助。

2.反映出教學中的問題

(1)學生卷面糊涂,書寫潦草,個別字詞難以辨認,這與我們對學生的書寫要求重視不夠有關。

(2)學生的學習習慣差,沒有及時復習的習慣,基礎知識掌握不夠扎實,對拼音、字詞掌握程度不夠,一知半解的較多。

(3)古詩文背誦落實不到位,名著閱讀的指導方法不夠具體,未能細化。

(4)在教學中對學生的文本閱讀指導不夠細,挖掘不夠深,放手讓學生獨立思考自主體驗的少。

(5)學生的概括、篩選、綜合信息的能力有待進一步加強。

(6)作文中發現學生言之空洞,對事件的表述不夠具體,缺乏真情實感。

(7)學生兩級分化嚴重,尤其是不想學習的人數多,不參與教學活動,作業不及時完成,應付了事,后進生的基礎落實不夠,低分過低影響平均分的提高。

3.下階段具體教學對策

(1)在教學中加大對后進生的管理、落實和監督。可以采用多種多樣的形式,如學生落實、教師監督等方式進行。

(2)對學生的書寫提出明確要求,不求書寫有體,但求字跡清楚,書寫規范,卷面整潔。

(3)對背誦默寫篇目一定要加強落實,幫助學生理解知情達意,課前應安排每天識記一首詩,首首默寫,字字篩查。

(4)午讀課要加強監管和落實,每節課要有閱讀目標,組長負責檢查,老師也要不定期抽查。

(5)在教學中對學生的文本閱讀要抓住重點段,重點句,重點詞來理解。要先感性感知感受,再理性概括篩選綜合信息,規范答題。

(6)加強文言文的朗讀指導和訓練,注重積累詞語,要對文言字、詞、句、文的有關知識點及時進行歸納、梳理和小結,培養學生舉一反

三、觸類旁通的遷移能力,培養整體閱讀淺顯文言文的能力。

(7)作文應教會學生審題,懂得抓關鍵點去立意和選材,二選一題目應選自己最擅長的有話可說的文題來寫。鼓勵學生平時多關注身邊的人和事,注重素材的積累,寫自己感悟最深的事,表達自己最真實的情感。

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