第一篇:高考英語考點典型陷阱題分析-動詞用法
本資料來源于大家網高考英語論壇http://club.topsage.com/forum-136-1.html 高考英語考點典型陷阱題分析-動詞用法
動詞用法與辨析
◆典型陷阱題分析◆
1.If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.A.advertise B.advertise for C.advertise on D.advertise to
【陷阱】容易誤選B,認為 advertise 的意思是“做廣告”,advertise for 的意思“為……做廣告”。
【分析】事實上,正確答案為A。advertise 可用作及物和不及物動詞:用作及物動詞時,其意為“為……做廣告”、“登廣告宣傳”;用作不及物動詞時,其意為“做廣告”、“登廣告”,此時通常后接介詞 for,表示“做廣告征求”。比較:
advertise for sth(sb)登廣告征求或尋找某物或某人(此時 advertise 不及物)advertise sth 為……登廣告,登廣告宣傳……(此時 advertise 是及物動詞,其后要直接跟被宣傳的東西作賓語)People advertise things that they wish to sell.人們為要賣的東西登廣告。
The manager wants to advertise for a new secretary.經理想登廣告招聘一位新秘書。再比較以下用例:
advertise jobs 登廣告招人 advertise for jobs 登廣告求職
2.No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.A.serve B.serve for C.serve to D.serve on
【陷阱】容易誤選B,即字對字地翻譯漢語的“全心全意為人民服務”,將其中的“為”譯為 for。【分析】答案選A,serve 意為“為……服務”,可直接用作及物動詞,其后不能按漢語意思誤加介詞 for。請看以下類似例子:
(1)I _____ you yesterday, but you weren’t in.更多精品盡在大家網
http:// A.rang B.rang to C.rang with D.rang to 答案選A,ring 可以用作及物動詞,表示“給……打電話”,故其后不用介詞。(2)Neither of her parents wanted her to _____ her cousin.A.marry B.marry to C.marry with D.marry for 答案選A,marry 可用作及物或不及物動詞,用作及物動詞時它的意思“與……結婚”,而不僅僅是“結婚”,也就是說,后接賓語時,無需用介詞 to, with 等。(3)How can I _____ you, Mr.Green? A.contact B.contact with C.contact to D.contact for 答案選A,contact 為及物動詞,表示“與……聯系”,其后不接介詞。
3.According to the rules, students must not ______ their books during examinations.A.read B.watch C.notice D.look at
【陷阱】容易誤選A。因為按照英語一般習慣:看書看報用動詞 read,看電視用動詞watch,看電影用動詞see,看比賽用動詞watch,看黑板用動詞look at,等等。
【分析】一般說來,漢語的“看書”至少有兩層意思,一是指閱讀性地看書,即看書=讀書,此時通常用動詞read;另一種看書則不是指閱讀性地看書,而只是大概地翻一翻或看一看,比如看看書的封面、定價、內容提要等,或者回答問題時看看書的某些章節或字句以及考試時偷看書本等等,此時通常都不宜用動詞read,而應根據情況選用其他動詞(如 look at)。又如: Let me have a look at the book.讓我看看或翻翻這本書。
Please answer my questions without looking at your books.請不看書回答我的問題。
4.“I love traveling.I hope to go with you this time.” “But does your mother _____ you to go?” A.let B.agree C.allow D.promise
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http:// 【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案為C。不能選A是因為 let 后用作賓語補足語的不定式不能帶 to;不能選B是因為動詞 agree習慣上不用于 agree sb to do sth 這一句式;不能選D是因為在 promise sb to do sth 這一句式中,to do sth 的邏輯主語是 promise 的主語而不其是賓語,比如 He promised me to go 的意思是“他答應我,他去”,而不是“他答應我讓我去”。之所以能選C,是因為 allow sb to do sth(允許某人做某事)與上文語境剛好吻合。
5.If they _______ to make heart-felt apologies soon we will have to bring an action against them.A.disagreed B.refused C.agreed D.hoped
【陷阱】容易誤選A,根據 agree to do sth(同意做某事),想當然地類推出 disagree to do sth(不同意或不愿意做某事)。
【分析】事實上,語言有很多問題是不能類推的,如上面這一例,英語可說 agree to do sth,但習慣上卻不說 disagree to do sth。類似地,英語中可說 like doing [to do] sth,但在現代英語中習慣上說 dislike doing sth,卻不說dislike to do sth。其實上面一題的最佳答案是B,refuse to do sth 意為“拒絕做某事”或“不愿做某事”。
6.They own two cars, not to _____ a motorbike.A.speak B.say C.talk D.mention
【陷阱】很容易根據“他們擁有兩輛小汽車,更不用說一輛摩托車了”這一中文語境而選擇B。【分析】其實最佳答案為D。因為not to say 和 not to mention 均為習語,但其含義區別甚大:
not to mention=更不用說,此外還有 not to say=雖不能說,即使不能說
It is warm, not to say hot.天氣雖說不上熱,但也夠暖了。
He was impolite, not to say rude.他即使不是粗魯,至少也是沒有禮貌。
There’re ten of us ready to help, not to mention the children.我們有10個人愿意幫忙,還不算小孩。
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http:// They have three dogs to look after, not to mention the cat and the bird.他們有三只狗要照顧,更別提那只貓和鳥了。
7.“Do your parents agree to your doing that?” “Yes, of course.In fact, they always ______ me to try something new.” A.hope B.suggest C.support D.encourage
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。因為若僅從漢語意思來看,四個選項均可填入空格處。【分析】其實此題的正解答案是D。因為在以上四個選項中,只有encourage 可后接不定式的復合結構作賓語,即可用于 encourage sb to do sth,而其余三者均不可后接不定式的復合結構作賓語,即英語中習慣上不說 hope sb to do sth, suggest sb to do sth, support sb to do sth。順便說一句,以下英漢語表達也有類似差別,請注意: 漢語說“希望某人做某事”,但英語不說 hope sb to do sth。漢語說“同意某人做某事”,但英語不說 agree sb to do sth。漢語說“不同意某人做某事”,但英語不說disagree sb to do sth。漢語說“害怕某人做某事”,但英語不說 fear sb to do sth。漢語說“拒絕某人做某事”,但英語不說 refuse sb to do sth。漢語說“懲罰某人做某事”,但英語不說 punish sb to do sth。漢語說“建議某人做某事”,但英語不說 suggest sb to do sth。漢語說“建議某人做某事”,但英語不說 propose sb to do sth。漢語說“贊成某人做某事”,但英語不說 approve sb to do sth。漢語說“安排某人做某事”,但英語不說 arrange sb to do sth。漢語說“要求某人做某事”,但英語不說 demand sb to do sth。漢語說“感謝某人做某事”,但英語不說 thank sb to do sth。漢語說“指導某人做某事”,但英語不說 guide sb to do sth。漢語說“祝賀某人做某事”,但英語不說 congratulate sb to do sth。漢語說“阻止某人做某事”,但英語不說 prevent sb to do sth。漢語說“通知某人做某事”,但英語不說 inform sb to do sth。漢語說“歡迎某人做某事”,但英語不說 welcome sb to do sth。漢語說“陪伴某人做某事”,但英語不說 accompany sb to do sth。要表示以上漢語意思,英語需改用其他說法。如:
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http:// advise sb to do sth 建議某人做某事
wish sb to do sth / hope for sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 arrnage for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事 demand of sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 thank sb for doing sth 感謝某人做了某事 congratulate sb on doing sth 祝賀某人做了某事 prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 等等。
8.Nowadays everyone hopes to ______ good education so as to get a good job in the future.A.accept B.accept a C.receive D.receive a
【陷阱】容易誤選A或B。因為accept 與 receive 的基本區別是前者表示“接受”,后者表示“收到”,而漢語通常是說“接受教育”,而不是說“收到教育”,所以選A或B,【分析】其實上,此題的正確答案是D,因為英語中習慣說 receive a good education,而不說 accept a good education。另外,education 表示抽象意義的“教育”時,不可數,但表示“一種教育”或“一段教育”時,可與不定冠詞連用。
9.Wearing dark glasses can _______ your eyes from the sun.A.care B.prevent C.defend D.protect
【陷阱】容易誤選B。因為許多同學一看到題干中的 from,再聯系到選項中的 prevent,便馬上想起了 prevent … from … 這個常用搭配。
【分析】在 prevent A from B 這一句式中,A 和 B通常具有主謂關系,如在The rain prevented us from going out(下雨使我們不能出去)中,“我們”與“出去”就具有主謂關系。而上面一題不具備此特點。此題正確答案應是 D,protect … from … 意為“保護……免受……”。
10.Mr.Smith was in great need of money, so he ____ $2 000 for his car.A.paid B.took 更多精品盡在大家網 http:// C.cost D.spent
【陷阱】容易誤選A,誤選的依據是pay … for … 這一搭配。
【分析】若單獨說 He paid $2 000 for the car(他付了2 000美元買這車)是完全可以的,但問題是,本句前面有這樣一句He was in great need of money(他急需要錢),既然是“急需要錢”,又怎么還會花2000美元去買車呢?尤其還需注意的是 car 前的物主代詞 his,這說明是為自己的車花2000美元錢,不合情理。此題的正確答案是B,take 在此表示“獲得”、“得到”,句意為“他急需要錢,把自己的車以2000美元給賣掉了”。
11.There are many kinds _____, but I don’t know which to buy.A.to be chosen B.to choose from C.to choose D.for choosing
【陷阱】此題容易誤選C。
【分析】其實應選B。choose 表示“選擇”,其實是指“選擇出來”(pick out),而不是指“從……選擇”,要表示后者的意思,要用 choose from,有時也用 choose among。同樣地,下面兩例中的介詞 from 也不可省略:
Here are some dictionaries for you choose from.這些詞典可供你選擇。
In fact, there are various colors to choose from.事實上,有各種各樣的顏色可供選擇。比較:
He chose a red one.他選了一個紅色的。
He chose from some red ones.他從一些紅色的當中去選。He didn’t know which to choose.他不知道選哪個。
He didn’t know which to choose from.他不知道從哪個當中去選。請做以下試題(答案選D):
(1)“We have sent out two best players to the sports meet.What about you?” “Well, not yet.We have few ______, I’d say.” A.chosen B.to choose C.to be chosen D.to choose from(2)“I’d like to buy an expensive camera.” “Well, we have several models ______.” A.to pick up B.to pick C.to choose D.to choose from 更多精品盡在大家網
http://
12.I _____ him not to go abroad, but he wouldn’t listen.A.persuaded B.tried to persuade C.have persuaded D.was persuaded
【陷阱】容易誤選A。
【分析】正確答案為B。persuade 的真正意思是“說服”,而不是“設法說服”,要表示后者的意思英語應用 try to persuade(當然也可用其他詞,如 advise 等)。類似地:(1)kill 的意思是“殺死”,不表示“設法殺死”,要表示后者的意思英語用 try to kill。
(2)prevent 的意思是“阻止”,不表示“設法阻止”,要表示后者的意思英語用 try to prevent。
13.When she came several days later, she found that all things still _______ where she had _______ them.A.lay;laid B.laid;laid C.lay;lain D.lying;lain
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】正確答案選A。第一空填lay,它是lie(位于,在)的過去式 lay;第二空 laid,它是 lay(放,置)的過去分詞,句意為“……她發現所有東西還在她當時放它們的地方”。請注意 lie, lay 的以下用法及詞形變換:
(1)lay 有兩個常見意思:一是表示“放”、“擺”(及物),二是表示“下(蛋)”(及物或不及物)。如: Lay your coat on the bed.把你的外衣放在床上。Are your hens laying yet? 你的母雞下蛋了嗎?
Will you please lay the table for dinner? 請你擺好餐具準備吃飯好嗎?(2)lie 有三個主要意思:一是表示“躺”或“平放”,二是表示“位于”,三是表示“說謊”。用于以上三義時,均為不及物動詞。如:
Don’t lie in bed all morning.別一個上午都躺在床上。The book lay open on the desk.那本書攤開著放在桌上。Don’t lay your coat on the bed.不要把你的外衣放在床上。The small town lies among the mountains.小鎮位于群山之中。I’m sorry I lied to you.我很抱歉向你撒了謊。
(3)這兩個詞經常被混淆的有時不是其意思,而是其詞形。注意下表所示:
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單詞------意思------現在分詞------過去式------過去分詞 lie--躺,位于(vi.)----lying------lay------lain lie--說謊(vi.)--------lying------lied------lied lay-放(vt.),下蛋(vi.&vt.)-laying-laid-----laid
請做下題(答案均為B):
(1)The hens _____ 50 eggs last week, but this week they aren’t _____.A.lay, lying B.laid, laying C.lay, laying D.lied, lying(2)The girl ______ on the ground _____ to me that had _____ the purse on the desk.A.lying, lay, laid B.lying, lied, laid C.lie, lied, lay D.lay, lied, lain
14.He _____ a visit to the factory and was warmly _____ by the workers there.A.took, welcome B.took, welcomed C.paid, welcome D.paid, welcomed
【陷阱】容易誤選A或C。因為許多同學會模仿 come → came → come 的變化形式,想當然地認為 welcome的變化形式是 welcome → welcame → welcome。
【分析】此題第一空應填動詞 paid,因為 pay a visit to(拜訪)是慣用搭配,其中的 pay 不能換成take。第二空要填welcomed,因為welcome 用作動詞時,其過去式和過去分詞均為 welcomed,即它是規則動詞。有的同學也許會問,我們不是常說 You are welcome 嗎? 為什么其中的 welcome 未用 welcomed 呢?那是因為此處的 welcome 為形容詞,而不是動詞。
15.The boy said that the fish his mother cooked tasted ______.A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be well
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http:// 【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】按英語語法,連系動詞后通常接形容詞作表語,而不接副詞,據此可以排除選項B和D。但到底是應選A還是C呢?許多同學憑感覺認為 taste to be good 似乎很通順,于是選了C。但是,錯了,正確答案應是A。原因是用作連系動詞的 taste 后習慣上不接to be。如: 這棵樹上的蘋果味道很好。
正:The apples from this tree taste delicious.誤:The apples from this tree taste to be delicious.類似地,feel, smell, sound 等連系動詞后習慣上也不接不定式 to be。如: 你的想法聽起來很好。
正:Your idea sounds a good one.誤:Your idea sounds to be a good one.玫瑰發出香氣。
正:Roses smell sweet.誤:Roses smell to be sweet.比較:seem, appear, prove, turn out, continue 等連系動詞后可以接不定式 to be,也可省略 to be。如:
She seems(to be)a little tired.她似乎有點累。He appears(to be)quite young.他顯得年輕。
The examination turned out(to be)quite easy.結果考試相當容易。The weather continued(to be)fine.天氣仍然很好。
注:用作連系動詞的 look 后能否接 to be,各語法家意見不一:有的認為可接to be,有的認為不能接 to be。為此,建議同學們以不接 to be 為宜。◆精編陷阱題訓練◆
1.We’re so busy that no one in the office can _____ for any other work.A.spare B.be spared C.share D.be shared 2.He regards that book _____ one of the worst that he’s _____ read.A.to be, ever B.to be, never C.as, ever D.as, never
3.“Did you get a job?” “No, I ______, but it’s no use.”
更多精品盡在大家網 http:// A.expected B.tried to C.managed to D.planned 4.“Do you know that Jack ______ a postman for about six years?” “Yes, I see.” A.has become B.has turned C.has changed D.has been 5.The thing that ______ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.A.matters B.cares C.considers D.minds 6.I don’t want the green coat.It is red and black colours that ______ me very well.A.suit B.fit C.suits D.fits 7.“Will another fifty be enough?” “Just twenty will ______.” A.work B.do C.suit D.fit 8.Goodbye, Mr Carter — my secretary will _____ you to the door.A.send B.lead C.drive D.show
9.This kind of cancer can be cured, provided it is ______ early.A.got B.gained C.seen D.caught
10.We haven’t enough books for everyone;some of you will have to _____.A.help B.enjoy C.share D.spare 11.He asked her to marry him and she _____ him.A.answered B.received C.accepted D.agreed 12.My worst fears were _____ when I saw what the exam questions were.A.done B.seen C.finished D.realized 13.The plan looks good on paper, but will it _____? A.work B.pass C.agree D.does 更多精品盡在大家網
http:// 14.What’s the matter with the radio? Why isn’t it _____? A.broadcasting B.working C.doing D.sounding 15.High unemployment _____ the government billions of pounds in lost taxes.A.spends B.takes C.uses D.costs 16.It’s hard to rescue drowning people because they _____ so much.A.sink B.swim C.jump D.struggle 17.She went to the station to meet her husband, but _____ him in the crowd.A.passed B.recognized C.missed D.lost 18.I missed what was happening because I wasn’t ______ very closely.A.noticing B.running C.watching D.glancing 19.If you lend me a pound, it will _____ me having to go to the bank.A.save B.share C.serve D.help 20.Don’t _______ your breath trying to persuade them;they’ll never listen.A.use B.waste C.spend D.put 21.He has spent little time on his lessons this term, so he _____ to fail the exam.A.expects B.hopes C.wishes D.requires 22.He will never ______ anything if he doesn’t work hard.A.hope B.wish C.achieve D.succeed
【答案與解析】
1.選B,spare 在表示“騰出或省去(多余的人或物)”。
2.選C,regard … as …的意思“把……當作……”,其中的介詞 as 不能換成 to be。3.選B。I tried to 為 I tried to get a job 之省略。
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http:// 4.選D。因為A、B、C均為終止性動詞,均不能連用 for about six years 這樣的一段時間。5.選A。matter 在此的意思是“要緊”、“關系重大”。
6.選A。填空句為強調句,強調主語 red and black colours,故其后的謂語要用復數,即排除C和D。另外,fit 與suit區別是:fit 表示“適合”或“合身”等(及物或不及物),主要是指尺寸、大小、形狀等方面的適合,而 suit 表示“適合”,主要指款式或花色等方面的適合。7.選B。do 在此表示“夠”、“足夠”、“適合”、“行”、“可以”等義。又如: This will never do!這事永遠不可以。
I’m hungry.Get me something to eat.Anything will do.我餓了,給我弄點吃的東西,什么都行。
8.選D。show sb to the door 意為“送某人到門口”。注意,其中的介詞 to 不可省略,否則就成了 show sb the door(驅趕某人,下逐客令)。另外,也不要按漢語意思選A,因為send 通常表示派人送,而不表示親自送。
9.選D,catch 在此表示“發現”,句中的 provided 用作連詞,意為“如果”。10.選C。既然書不夠,不能每人一本,所以有些人只能share(分享)了。
11.選C。accept 意為“同意”、“接受”,注意不能選D,因為 agree 后不能直接跟名詞或代詞作賓語。
12.選D。realize 在此的意思不是“實現”,而是指“使(不安、恐懼等)成為事實”。13.選A,work 在此的意思是“起作用”、“奏效”。14.選B。work 在此的意思是“運作”、“運轉”。
15.選D。spend 和 cost 均可表示“花費”,但句型不同:spend + 時間或金錢 + on sth(in doing sth),cost + 某人或某機構 + 金錢或時間。16.選D。由句意和常識推知。17.選C。miss 指“錯過”。18.選C,由句子的語境可推知。19.選A,save 指“省去(勞力等)”。20.選B。
21.選A,expects 在此不是表示“期待”,而是表示“預料”。
22.選C,achieve 意為“完成”、“做到”。其余三項均不能直接跟名詞或代詞作賓語。
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第二篇:動詞用法與辨析陷阱題分析(一)
動詞用法與辨析陷阱題分析
(一)1.If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.A.advertise
B.advertise for C.advertise on
D.advertise to 【陷阱】容易誤選B,認為 advertise 的意思是“做廣告”,advertise for 的意思“為……做廣告”。
【分析】事實上,正確答案為A。advertise 可用作及物和不及物動詞:用作及物動詞時,其意為“為……做廣告”、“登廣告宣傳”;用作不及物動詞時,其意為“做廣告”、“登廣告”,此時通常后接介詞 for,表示“做廣告征求”。比較:
advertise for sth(sb)登廣告征求或尋找某物或某人(此時 advertise 不及物)advertise sth 為……登廣告,登廣告宣傳……(此時 advertise 是及物動詞,其后要直接跟被宣傳的東西作賓語)People advertise things that they wish to sell.人們為要賣的東西登廣告。
The manager wants to advertise for a new secretary.經理想登廣告招聘一位新秘書。再比較以下用例:
advertise jobs 登廣告招人 advertise for jobs 登廣告求職
2.No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.A.serve
B.serve for C.serve to
D.serve on 【陷阱】容易誤選B,即字對字地翻譯漢語的“全心全意為人民服務”,將其中的“為”譯為 for。【分析】答案選A,serve 意為“為……服務”,可直接用作及物動詞,其后不能按漢語意思誤加介詞 for。請看以下類似例子:
(1)I _____ you yesterday, but you weren’t in.A.rang
B.rang to C.rang with
D.rang to 答案選A,ring 可以用作及物動詞,表示“給……打電話”,故其后不用介詞。(2)Neither of her parents wanted her to _____ her cousin.A.marry
B.marry to C.marry with
D.marry for 答案選A,marry 可用作及物或不及物動詞,用作及物動詞時它的意思“與……結婚”,而不僅僅是“結婚”,也就是說,后接賓語時,無需用介詞 to, with 等。(3)How can I _____ you, Mr.Green? A.contact
B.contact with C.contact to
D.contact for 答案選A,contact 為及物動詞,表示“與……聯系”,其后不接介詞。
3.According to the rules, students must not ______ their books during examinations.A.read
B.watch C.notice
D.look at 【陷阱】容易誤選A。因為按照英語一般習慣:看書看報用動詞 read,看電視用動詞watch,看電影用動詞see,看比賽用動詞watch,看黑板用動詞look at,等等。
【分析】一般說來,漢語的“看書”至少有兩層意思,一是指閱讀性地看書,即看書=讀書,此時通常用動詞read;另一種看書則不是指閱讀性地看書,而只是大概地翻一翻或看一看,比如看看書的封面、定價、內容提要等,或者回答問題時看看書的某些章節或字句以及考試時偷看書本等等,此時通常都不宜用動詞read,而應根據情況選用其他動詞(如 look at)。又如: Let me have a look at the book.讓我看看或翻翻這本書。
Please answer my questions without looking at your books.請不看書回答我的問題。4.“I love traveling.I hope to go with you this time.” “But does your mother _____ you to go?”
A.let
B.agree C.allow
D.promise 【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案為C。不能選A是因為 let 后用作賓語補足語的不定式不能帶 to;不能選B是因為動詞 agree習慣上不用于 agree sb to do sth 這一句式;不能選D是因為在 promise sb to do sth 這一句式中,to do sth 的邏輯主語是 promise 的主語而不其是賓語,比如 He promised me to go 的意思是“他答應我,他去”,而不是“他答應我讓我去”。之所以能選C,是因為 allow sb to do sth(允許某人做某事)與上文語境剛好吻合。
5.If they _______ to make heart-felt apologies soon we will have to bring an action against them.A.disagreed
B.refused C.agreed
D.hoped 【陷阱】容易誤選A,根據 agree to do sth(同意做某事),想當然地類推出 disagree to do sth(不同意或不愿意做某事)。
【分析】事實上,語言有很多問題是不能類推的,如上面這一例,英語可說 agree to do sth,但習慣上卻不說 disagree to do sth。類似地,英語中可說 like doing [to do] sth,但在現代英語中習慣上說 dislike doing sth,卻不說dislike to do sth。其實上面一題的最佳答案是B,refuse to do sth 意為“拒絕做某事”或“不愿做某事”。
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第三篇:高中高考英語陷阱題總結【it用法題目】
◆it 用法 精編陷阱題訓練◆
1.Why shouldn’t I buy a new coat — I haven’t bought _____ for five years.A.it B.that C.one D.which 2.He made _____ known to his friends that he didn’t want to enter politics.A.that
B.it C.himself D.him
3.It used to be thought _____ the Earth was flat.A.as
B.when C.since D.that
4.The Parkers bought a new house but ______ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they
B.it
C.one D.which
5._______ is well known _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997.A.It, that C.As, as
B.As, /
D.It, which
6.— I don’t know whether I should go abroad or not, Mum.— I leave _______ to your own judgment whether you should do it.A.that B.it C.this D.what
7.Does ________ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A.this B.that C.he D.it
8.They are good friends._______ is no wonder that they know each other so well.A.This C.There
B.That D.It
9.They live on a busy main road.______ must be very noisy.A.There B.It C.That D.They
10.Why don’t you bring ______ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?
A.this C.that
B.what D.it
11.“Look at that lady on the stage.She’s already forty.” “You are joking.She doesn’t look ________.”
A.so C.that
B.it D.this
13._______ was known to them all that William had broken his promise ______ he would give each of them a gift.A.As;Which B.What;that C.It;that D.It;which
14.In the west, people make _______ a rule to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends.A.this B.that C.it D.the following
【 it 用法 答案與解析】
1.選C。one 指 a coat。比較:it = the +名詞,one = a+名詞,換句話說,it 是特指的,而one 則是泛指的。
2.選B。it 為形式賓語,真正的賓語是 that he didn’t want to enter politics。3.選D。it 為形式主語,此句為 People used to think that the Earth was flat 的被動語態形式。
4.選B。it 指前面提到的 new house。注意不能選D,因為其前有并列連詞but。
5.選A。it 為形式主語,其后的that從句為主語從句。比較下面一題,答案選B: _______ is well known, _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997.A.It, that B.As, / C.As, as D.It, which
6.選B。it 為形式賓語,真正的賓語是 whether you should do it.7.選 D。it doesn’t matter if…, does it matter if… 等為英語常用表達。8.選 D。it’s no wonder that… 意為“難怪……”、“……不足為怪”,為英語固定表達,其中的 it’s 也可省略,即只說 No wonder that…。如:
No wonder(that)he didn’t want to go.難怪他不想去。9.選B。it 指環境。
10.選 D。it 為形式賓語,真正的賓語是 that you are too busy to do it.12.選 B。it 指 her age。look one’s age 為習語,意為“容貌與年齡相稱”。13.選C。第一空填 it,為形式主語;第二空填that,用以引導一個同位語從句,修飾 promise。
14.選 C。it 為形式賓語,真正的賓語是其后的不定式 to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends。
第四篇:高考英語單項填空典型陷阱題透析
高考英語單項填空典型陷阱題透析
高考命題者常常改用熟悉的句型結構,利用一些詞或短語搭配來制造陷阱,誤導考生掉入所設陷阱,從而讓考生在非常神氣的心情中快速地得出錯誤的答案。針對這種情況,同學們平時應學會深入分析句式結構及成分(尤其是長句難句),認真分析語境,找出其特殊性。要時刻記住:語意第一,語法第二的解題原則。高考試題萬變不離其宗,只要同學們有扎實的語言基礎知識,把握住命題者的思路,就能在高考中立于不敗之地。
以下是筆者整理的一些典型易錯題,同學們試著識別一下其中的“陷阱”,如若掉進去了,那就好好反思一下,并希望你能從中獲得一些啟發。1. 思維定勢型
思維定勢是指思維在形式上常常采用的、比較固定的甚或是相對凝固的一種思維邏輯、思維推理、思維內容,它是人們在長期的思維過程中所形成的一種思維條件反射。思維定勢是一把雙刃劍,如果運用得當,它可以幫****生將考題內容與以前所學知識迅速聯系起來,并在短時間內調集解決問題所需的相關知識進行分析、推理,并很快得出正確的結論;但若運用不當,它便會誤導考生掉入命題人所預設的陷阱,得出錯誤的結論。
例1.It was a pity that the great writer died________ his works unfinished.(2004福建)
A.forB.withC.fromD.of
解析:答案為B。此題容易誤選答案C 或D。die 后接不同的介詞,表示不同的意思。die for 表示死的目的,die of/from 表示死的原因。但是根據句子的意思此題并不是考查此用法,而是考查獨立主格結構的一種形式,即with + 名詞+動詞的過去分詞。此處的his work 與unfinish為被動關系,故用過去分詞unfinished。故選答案B。
例2.In order not to be disturbed, I spent three hours _______ in my study.A.locking B.locked C.to lockD.to be locked
解析:答案為B。此題很容易誤選A,以為是考查spend...(in)doing結構。根據句意“為了不被打擾,我鎖在書房里呆了三小時”,可以看出該句不是
spend...(in)doing結構。細細分析,其實我們不難看出I was locked in my study這層含義,也就是說,locked in my study描繪了主語I的一種狀態。因此該題答案應該為B。
例3.Mr Smith is______ a good teacher_______ we all respect.A.such, that B.such, as C.so, thatD.so, as
解析:答案為B。此題容易誤選A,一方面是因為such...that...是同學們很熟悉的一個句式,一看就可能選中了;另一方面,將such...that...的意思“如此??以至??”代入句中,也完全通順。但在such...that...結構中,that引導的是結果狀語從句,并且that在從句中不充當句子成分,若在上句填入such...that...,句末的respect顯然缺少賓語(注意:respect是及物動詞)。因此正確答案應是B,as用做關系代詞,用以引導定語從句,修飾其前的名詞teacher,同時as在定語從句中用做動詞respect的賓語。但假若在原句的respect后加上him一詞,則應選A。
2.規則硬套型
所謂“規則硬套”,即指不從語言實際出發,不考慮特定的語言環境,而是機械地套用語法規則,生搬硬套語法的條條框框,同學們如果這樣去學語言,那就難免出錯了。例4.He made up his mind to devote his life ___________pollution________ happily.A.to prevent, to liveB.to prevent, from living
C.to preventing, to live D.to preventing, from living
解析:答案為C。此題容易誤選B,認為第一空應填to prevent(即認為其中的to為不定式符號),第二空應填from living,因為prevent...from doing sth是一個常用句型。其實錯了,第一空涉及的結構是devote...to...(把……奉獻給……),其中的to是介詞,而不是不定式符號;第二空從表面上看涉及的是prevent...from...結構,但其實不是。因為在prevent sb/sth from doing sth(阻止某人/某事做某事)這一句型中,prevent后的賓語(sb/sth)應與其后動名詞有邏輯上的主謂關系,而上面例句中的“污染”與“生活愉快”沒有邏輯上的主謂關系,所以不適宜用prevent...from...結構。選項C中的不定式to live happily在句中用做目的狀語。例5.Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted that he _________at home.A.stayedB.could stay C.had stayedD.stay
解析:答案為D。不要看到insisted,就以為后面動詞形式也要用過去時。insist 表示堅決要求時, 后面的賓語從句用should +動詞原形,should可以省略,只保留動詞原形。故選答案D。
例6.If you want to go to see the movie,so_________ I.A.doB.amC.willD.should
解析:答案為C。通常,很多同學以為“so+助動詞+主語”結構應該與前句的動詞保持一致。因此,當看到此題前句是一般現在時態時,往往會誤選答案A。正確答案應為C。如果前一句中只有行為動詞,該結構應依據人稱與時態選用助動詞do/does/did, 如:You want to go to see the movie.So do I.如果前一句用了一般現在時的if 條件句,那么該結構中應用助動
詞shall/ will, 如該題。
3.母語干擾型
學外語最忌母語干擾,但由于母語在大腦中根深蒂固,所以常常會對外語學習者大腦中尚不牢固的外語知識產生負面影響,干擾學習者學習正確、地道的外語。命題者也往往利用這一點,制造陷阱。
例7.I’ll come to see you if_______.A.you’re convenientB.it is convenient for you
C.you feel convenientD.it is convenient with you
解析:答案為B。但很容易誤選A或C,因為按漢語意思,我們常說“如果你方便的話”,所以許多同學就將此直譯為if you are convenient或if you feel convenient。但事實上,英語中convenient的意思不是“感到方便的”,而是“使人感到方便的”,所以be convenient的主語不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的話”,英語通常說if it is convenient for(to)you,其中的介詞可用for或to,但一般不用with。
例8._________, the vitamin C in them will be destroyed.A.If vegetables are cooked too longB.If cooked too long
C.If cooking too longD.If being cooked too long
解析:答案為A。此題容易誤選答案B。該句意為“如果蔬菜被烹調的時間過長,那么里面的維生素C就會被破壞。”要注意,在英語中只有主從句的主語一致時,才可以把從句的主語省略掉。在這里主從句的主語不一致,從句的主語是vegetables,主句的主語是the vitamin C in them,因此不能省略。故選答案A。
4.插入隔離型
有時一個本來很簡單的句子,由于表達的需要,在其中置入一個插入成分,或將某些成分從正常位置調入一個在同學們看來屬“非正常”的位置,則很有可能給同學們的理解帶來困難(尤其是閱讀能力不是很好的同學會更感困難)。
例9.Is there a shop around ________ we can buy some toilet articles?
A.that B.which C.where D.what
解析:答案為C。此題很容易誤選B,認為around是介詞,選which用以代替前面的名詞shop,在此用做介詞around的賓語。此分析語法上并不算錯,但問題是,照此分析,此句的意思即為:有沒有這樣一個商店,在它的附近我們可以買到梳妝用品。這樣的句意顯然不合事理,因為人們通常總是在商店里面買東西,而不是在商店附近買東西。其實此題的最佳選項應是C,其中的around是副詞(意為“在附近”),而不是介詞,其后where引導的定語從句修飾其前的地點名詞shop,句意為“附近有沒有我們可以買到梳妝用品的商店?”例10.Which do you enjoy _______ your weekends, fishing or watching TV?
A.spending B.to spend C.being spent D.spend
解析:答案為B。很多同學以為此題考查enjoy doing sth 結構,同時又受到fishing or watching TV的干擾,誤以為答案為A,其實正確答案為B。在此which 是enjoy的賓語,fishing or watching TV 表示對which的選擇,to spend your weekends在該句中作狀語,表示目的。
例11.He ran as fast as he could __________the bus.A.catch B.to catch C.catching D.caught
解析:答案為B。同學們都知道,像can, may, must, could, might, should等情態動詞,其后要接動詞原形(即不帶to的不定式),于是好多同學不假思索地就選了動詞原形,那樣就都錯了。這是因為情態動詞could 后本來有動詞原形run,只是被省略了,即此句的完整形式應是...so he ran as fast as he could run to catch the early bus,其中的不定式to catch the early
bus 為目的狀語。
5.借用倒裝型
英語句子的一般語序為“主語部分+謂語部分”。如果把謂語放到主語前面,我們稱之為倒裝。命題者就利用這種“不正常”的句式跟你“繞彎子”。解決類似的題目,關鍵是要熟悉倒裝規則,學會識別倒裝句。
例12._______he followed my advice, he would have succeeded.A.WhenB.If C.HadD.Has
解析:答案應選C,但容易誤選B。不能選B,主要是因為時態前后有矛盾。由于主句謂語是would have succeeded,這表明是對過去事實作出的假設,所以從句謂語應該是had followed,如果選B,句子應該是if he had followed my advice。但按英語語法,在此類表示虛擬條件的從句中,若有had, should, were等詞,便可省略if,而將had, should, were提前置于句首。
這樣的例子太多了,這里我們就不再羅列了。希望同學們通過對這些典型陷阱題的學習和研究,能真正抓住陷阱題的本質,排除陷阱題中的干擾,學會識別陷阱的方法,掌握跳出陷阱的技巧。以下是精選的典型題目,就請你“霧里看花”,“水中望月”,練練身手吧!
1._______smoking here will be fined.A.Who B.Whomever C.Anyone D.Whoever
2.After_______ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.A.which B.it C.what D.that
3._______is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It B.As C.That D.What
4.He is always really rude, ______is why people tend to avoid him.A.that B.it C.this D.which
5.He had a lot of friends, none of _______ could lend him any money.A.whom B.them C.which D.who
6.Mr.Smith is a painter,_______ I should also like to be.A.that B.which C.who D.it
7.According to the rules, students must not_______ their books during examinations.A.read B.watch C.notice D.look at
8.Every boy and girl_______ the book and they each________ to buy one.A.like, want B.likes, wants C.likes, want D.like, wants
9._______is his favorite subject, but he doesn’t know _______ for “gongzuo”.A.English, English B.The English, the English
C.English, the English D.The English, English
10.China is larger than_______ country in Asia.A.any B.any other C.other D.another
11.Remind him_______ the window when he leaves.A.of closing B.closing C.to close D.close
12.You are right, we are not interested _______ to stories, but now we’d be interested _______your story.A.in listening, in hearing B.to listen, to hear
C.in listening, to hear D.to listen, in hearing
13.On Saturday afternoon, Mrs.Green went to the market, ________ some bananas and visited her cousin.A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.buy
14.It was 10 o’clock ________ the front doorbell rang.A.where B.when C.that D.which
15.________, we went for a swim.A.Being hot B.It being hot C.As it is hot D.It was hot
16.Before he went abroad, he spent as much time as he ________ English
A.could learning B.learned C.to learn D.could learn
17.——Did they all pass the driving test?
——No, ________ only three of them who passed it.A.there was B.that was C.there were D.it was
18.The “Two Cities” referred ________ London and Paris.A.is to B.to be C.to are D.to going to be
19.This is the main use that the scientists make ________ of natural resources.A.it B.which C.use D./
20.——Do you have anything more ________,sir?
——No.You can have a rest or do something else.A.typing B.to be typed C.typed D.to type
答案提示:
1.C.smoking here做后置定語修飾主語anyone。假如把smoking改為smokes, 那就選D。
2.C.after 在此處是介詞,賓語是what seemed like hours。
3.B.as在此是“這一點的意思”,引導的是定語從句,代表后面整句話的意思。假如把逗號改為that, 那答案就選A, it 是形式主語,that 從句為主語從句。
4.D.which 引導非限制性定語從句,指的是上面整句話的意思。假如把逗號改為句號,空格處可以填It或That。
5.A.非限制性定語從句,of 是介詞,后用賓格。
6.B.which 引導非限制性定語從句,指的是上面整句話的意思。
7.D.句意為“學生們考試時不能看書(****)”,不是讀書的意思。
8.C.every boy and girl 做主語,謂語動詞用單數。
9.C.第一個English指的是語言,而第二個指的是“gongzuo” 的英語單詞。
10.B.中國是亞洲的一個國家。如果和其他洲的國家進行比較,那就不用加other。
11.C.remind sb to do sth意思是提醒某人去做什么(后不接動名詞),而remind sb of sth意思是提醒某人注意什么。
12.C.….we’d be interested to hear your story意思是“聽到你的故事會很感興趣”。后用動詞不定時。
13.A.and 連接了三個動作,went, bought, visited。
14.B.不是強調句型,it 在此指的是時間。
15.B.前后主語不一致,不能選A。C項時態不符。因為句子之間沒連接詞,不能選D。
16.A.情態動詞could 后本來有動詞原形spend,只是被省略了。
17.D.強調句型。
18.C.referred to 在此做后置定語。
19.D.….that the scientists make of 是定語從句,修飾use。make use of 為固定短語,意思是“利用”。
20.B.如果type是主語做的,就用主動形式,如果不是主語做的,就用被動形式。在此,type不是主語做的,就用被動形式。
第五篇:高考英語考點典型陷阱題分析-定語從句與強調句
高考英語考點典型陷阱題分析-定語從句與強調句
典型高考英語陷阱題詳解-定語從句
1.The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.A.which was B.it was C.which were D.them were 【陷阱】容易誤選A或B,將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認為是其后句子的主語。
【分析】最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一個由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語從句,而在該從句中,主語是 high mountains,around which 是表語,所以句子謂語應用復數were,而不是用單數 was。請做以下類例題目(答案均為C):(1)Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops.A.which is B.it is C.which are D.them are(2)The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station.A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are(3)Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are
2.A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”
A.that B.which C.where D.what 【陷阱】容易誤選 B,認為 around 是介詞,選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital,在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。
【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語法分析并不算錯,但問題是,照此分析,此句的意思即為:有沒有這樣一個醫院,我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷?這樣的語境顯然有點不合情理,因為人們通常是在醫院里面治傷,而不是在醫院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是:句中的 around 不是介詞,而是副詞,意為“在附近”;其后的 where 引導定語從句用以修飾其前的地點名詞 hospital,句意為:附近有沒有一家醫院,我可以去治我的手傷?
3.David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like.A.that B.who C.as D.whom 【陷阱】此題容易誤選A,許多同學一看到題干中的such,再聯系到選項中的 that,便認為這是考查such ? that ?句式。況且,這樣理解意思也還通順。
【分析】最佳答案為C,不是A,因為在such ? that ?(如此??以至??)結構中,that 引導的是結果狀語從句,并且 that 在從句中不充當句子成分,若在上句填入 such ? that ?,句末的動詞 like 缺賓語。選C的理由如下:as 用作關系代詞,用以引導定語從句,修飾其前的名詞 boy,同時 as 在定語從句中用作動詞 like 的賓語,句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學可能還會問,假若選A,能否將其后的 that 視為引導定語從句的關系代詞呢?不能,因為當先行詞受到 such 的修飾時,其后的定語從句應用關系代詞 as 來引導,而不用that。比較下面一題,答案為A,因為 like 后有自己的賓語 him: David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him.A.that B.who C.as D.whom 請再做以下試題(答案選D):
It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us.A.like B.that C.which D.as
4.The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.that B.it C.them D.which 【陷阱】容易誤選 C,用 them 代指 the buses。
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語從句,修飾 the buses。類似地,以下各題也選D:
(1)His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A.that B.it C.them D.which(2)Ashdown forest, through _________ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.A.that B.it C.them D.which(3)This I did at nine o’clock, after _________ I sat reading the paper.A.that B.it C.them D.which 類似地,以下各題選 whom,不選 them:
(4)George, with _________ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A.that B.him C.them D.whom(5)Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A.that B.who C.them D.whom(6)I met the fruit-pickers, several of _________ were still university students.A.that B.who C.them D.whom
5.He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding.A.whom B.them C.which D.who 【陷阱】容易誤選 A,認為這是非限制性定語從句。
【分析】最佳答案是B,這不是非限制性定語從句,而是一個獨立主格結構,因為空格后的動詞 invited 并不是一個完整的謂語,而是一個過去分詞。當然,假若在 invited 前加上助動詞 were,則是一個非限制性定語從句,答案便應選A。比較:
(1)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work.A.which B.them C.what D.that 答案選B,none of them carried out in their work 是獨立主格結構,其中的 carried out 為過去分詞。
(2)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work.A.which B.them C.what D.that 答案選A,none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定語從句,注意與上例比較句中多了一個助動詞were。
(3)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _________ were carried out in their work.A.which B.them C.what D.that 答案選B,由于兩句之間增加了一個并列連詞but,使得該句成了一個并列句。
6.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 【陷阱】容易誤選B,認為這是非限制性定語從句。
【分析】最佳答案是A。與上面一題相似,their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定語從句,而是一個獨立主格結構,因為空格后的動詞 seated 不是謂語,而是一個過去分詞,因為 seat 作動詞用時,是及物動詞。比較以下相似題:
(1)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were seated together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 選B。whose parents were seated together joking 為非限制性定語從句,因為其后有完整的謂語 were seated。
(2)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _________ parents were seated together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 選A。因為句中有并列連詞and,整個句子為并列句。
(3)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sitting together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 選A。their parents sitting together joking 為獨立主格結構。
(4)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sat together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 選B。whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語從句,因為句中有完整的謂語 sat。(5)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking.A.their B.whose C.which D.that 選B。whose parents were sitting together joking 為非限制性定語從句,因為句中有完整的謂語 were sitting。
7.If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is.A.as B.which C.what D.that 【陷阱】容易誤選A或B,誤這是非限制性定語從句。【分析】正確答案為D,注意逗號前是一個條件狀語從句,逗號后是該狀語從句的主句,that 在此代表前文所述的情況,用作主句的主語。類似地,下面幾道題也選 that,而不選 which:(1)If you promise to go with us, _________ will be OK.A.as B.which C.and it D.that(2)If you want a double room, _________ will cost another £15.A.as B.which C.what D.that(3)Whether you go or not, _________ is quite all right with me.A.that B.which C.and it D.so(4)When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating.A.as B.which C.what D.that 典型高考英語陷阱題詳解-強調句
1.“How was _________ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”
A.it that B.he that C.it when D.he which 【陷阱】幾個干擾項均可能誤選。
【分析】答案選A,為強調句的特殊疑問句形式,其相應的陳述句形式為: It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.比較以下各題,它們也屬強調句的特殊疑問句形式:(1)Who was it _________ saved the drowning girl? A.since
B.as
C.that D.he 答案選C,被強調成分為 who,該句實為類似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl.這類強調句的特殊疑問句形式(即對其中的Tom 提問而得)。(2)What is it _________ his daughter needs most? A.what
B.which
C.that D.if 答案選C,被強調成分為 what,該句實為類似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most.這類強調句的特殊疑問句形式(即對其中的a bike 提問而得)。
2.“Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall _________ the students often have a meeting.”
A.where B.which C.that D.when 【陷阱】很可能誤選C,認為這是一個強調句,強調地點狀語 in the hall。
【分析】假若選C,即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting,該句的意思是“學生們通常是在大廳開會”,單獨看這一句,無論是其意思還是其語法均未錯,但若將其與上文聯系起來看,則不通,因為上文的意思是“你是在哪兒找到昨天作報告的那位教授的?”假若將答句改為 It was in the hall that I found the professor,則完全可以。
其實,此題的最佳答案是A,where the students often have a meeting 為定語從句,用以修飾其前的名詞 the hall,句意為“是在學生們經常開會的那個大廳(找到教授的)”,這樣語意就通順了。
3.It was what he meant rather than what he said _________ annoyed me.A.which B.as C.what D.that 【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】此題為一個強調句型,空格處應填 that(即選D),被強調成分為 what he meant rather than what he said。句意為“讓我生氣的不是他說的話,而是他話中的意思”。請再看兩例:
(1)It was his nervousness in the interview _________ probably lost him the job.A.which
B.since
C.that D.what 答案選C,為強調句型,被強調成分為 his nervousness in the interview,句意為“很可能是面試時表現出緊張,使他失去了這份工作”。
(2)It is the ability to do the job _________ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one
B.that
C.what D.it 答案選B,為強調句型,被強調成分為 the ability to do the job,句意為“重要的是你做工作的能力,而不是你來自何地或你是從事什么工作的”。
4.It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.A.which, that B.that, which C.which, which D.that, where 【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選,主要是分不清為強調句型,或即使分清為強調句型,也分不清強調哪一個成分。
【分析】答案選A,第一空填 which,用以引導定語從句;第二空填that,為強調句的結構詞,被強調部分為 in the small house(以及修飾它的定語從句 which was built with stones by his father)。此題難就難在強調句型中套用了定語從句。請再看類似例子:(1)It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.A.who, where B.that, how C.who, that D.that, which 此題答案選C,全句為強調句,被強調成分是 the boy(以及修飾它的定語從句who had been in prison)。
(2)It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.A.where, which B.that, that C.where, that D.which, that 此題答案選C,全句為強調句,被強調成分是 in this room,where he was born 為修飾 the room 的定語從句。
5.“Was it under the tree _________ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure.But when I got back there, the bike was gone.A.that B.where C.which D.while 【陷阱】此題很容易誤選A,認為這是強調句型。
【分析】其實此題應選D。做好此題的關鍵是正確理解上下文的語境。在此句中,it 是代詞,指代 the bike,句意為:“當你離開去同朋友談話的時候,你的自行車是在這樹下嗎?”“當然,但當我回來時,自行車就不見了。”現在反過來分析一下,假若選A,將此句判為強調句,句子即為 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若進一步轉換為非強調句,句子則為 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend,句意顯然很荒唐。
6.It’s more than half a century _________ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.A.when B.that C.since D.while 【陷阱】容易誤選B,認為這是強調句型。
【分析】假若選B,將此句分析為強調句,那么若將此句還原為非強調句就應該是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century.很顯然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段時間,然而它修飾的謂語動詞 joined?became 卻是兩個終止性動詞,這顯然不合適。其實,此題應選C,屬于“It is+一段時間+since 從句”句型,句意為“我爺爺加入黨組織成為人民的公仆已有半個多世紀了”。此句的主句謂語也可以用現在完成時態(has been),但在口語中多用一般現在時代替。
7.It was lack of money, not of effort, _________ defeated their plan.A.which B.as C.that D.what 【陷阱】容易誤選A,受空格前逗號的影響,誤認為這是一個非限制性定語從句,從而誤選了A。
【分析】其實,此題最佳答案為C,整個句子為強調句,被強調成分為 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 這一結構,干擾了許多同學對 it was lack of money that defeated their plan 這一強調句的認識和理解。